Relevant bibliographies by topics / Forms and sources of knowledge

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Forms and sources of knowledge'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Forms and sources of knowledge"

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Kremer‐Hayon, Lya. "The Knowledge Teachers Use in Problem Solving Situations: sources and forms." Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 38, no. 1 (January 1994): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0031383940380104.

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Lambert, Ronald D., James E. Curtis, Barry J. Kay, and Steven D. Brown. "The Social Sources of Political Knowledge." Canadian Journal of Political Science 21, no. 2 (June 1988): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900056341.

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AbstractThe study explored the sources of political knowledge using data from the 1984 Canadian National Election Study. Two dimensions of political knowledge were measured: factual knowledge, in which respondents were asked to name the 10 provincial premiers; and conceptual knowledge, in terms of respondents’ abilities to define and use the concepts of left and right. The authors tested four explanations of people's levels of political knowledge; these dealt with education, political participation, media effects and region, with controls for income, residency in several provinces, age and sex. Education was significantly associated with both forms of knowledge, but especially with conceptual knowledge. Reading about politics in newspapers and magazines was strongly related to the two knowledge variables. The effects of reliance on television for political information, however, were much weaker. There were significant effects for region, with the patterns depending on the type of knowledge. The study concludes with some observations about the role of knowledge in political behaviour.
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Doloreux, David, and Ekaterina Turkina. "Are winemaker consultants just another source of knowledge for innovation?" Journal of Knowledge Management 21, no. 6 (October 9, 2017): 1523–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-01-2017-0025.

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Purpose This paper aims to explore the effects of multiple external sources of knowledge and of the use of winemaker consultants on innovation in the Canadian wine industry. Design/methodology/approach The data for the study are taken from an original survey of wine firms in Canada covering the 2007-2009 period. The survey was carried out by computer-assisted telephone interviews, and it was addressed to winery firms that are engaged in growing grapes and producing wine. Findings The results show that the use of winemaker consultants positively affects all forms of innovation. At the same, as far as external knowledge sources are concerned, marketing sources positively affect all types of innovation, while research sources and general sources have a positive influence on particular forms of innovation. The results also show that winemaker consultants interact with other knowledge sources. Nevertheless, there are important nuances with regard to which type of knowledge sources is more compatible with the use of winemaker consultants for which type of innovation. Originality/value To date, there is no empirical evidence of the extent to which the use of external winemaker consultants and external knowledge sources interact together and what are their impacts on the introduction of different forms of innovation.
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Wiedeman, Alejandra, Susan Barr, Timothy Green, Zhaoming Xu, Sheila Innis, and David Kitts. "Dietary Choline Intake: Current State of Knowledge Across the Life Cycle." Nutrients 10, no. 10 (October 16, 2018): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101513.

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Choline, an essential dietary nutrient for humans, is required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, the methyl group donor, betaine, and phospholipids; and therefore, choline is involved in a broad range of critical physiological functions across all stages of the life cycle. The current dietary recommendations for choline have been established as Adequate Intakes (AIs) for total choline; however, dietary choline is present in multiple different forms that are both water-soluble (e.g., free choline, phosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine) and lipid-soluble (e.g., phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin). Interestingly, the different dietary choline forms consumed during infancy differ from those in adulthood. This can be explained by the primary food source, where the majority of choline present in human milk is in the water-soluble form, versus lipid-soluble forms for foods consumed later on. This review summarizes the current knowledge on dietary recommendations and assessment methods, and dietary choline intake from food sources across the life cycle.
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Carazo, Alejandro, Kateřina Macáková, Kateřina Matoušová, Lenka Kujovská Krčmová, Michele Protti, and Přemysl Mladěnka. "Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 1703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051703.

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Vitamin A is a group of vital micronutrients widely present in the human diet. Animal-based products are a rich source of the retinyl ester form of the vitamin, while vegetables and fruits contain carotenoids, most of which are provitamin A. Vitamin A plays a key role in the correct functioning of multiple physiological functions. The human organism can metabolize natural forms of vitamin A and provitamin A into biologically active forms (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid), which interact with multiple molecular targets, including nuclear receptors, opsin in the retina and, according to the latest research, also some enzymes. In this review, we aim to provide a complex view on the present knowledge about vitamin A ranging from its sources through its physiological functions to consequences of its deficiency and metabolic fate up to possible pharmacological administration and potential toxicity. Current analytical methods used for its detection in real samples are included as well.
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Sieradzka, Katarzyna, and Lidia Kaliszczak. "Sources of Knowledge and Networking as Conditions for Development of Innovative Undertakings in Poland." Central European Review of Economics & Finance 28, no. 6 (December 31, 2018): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2018.030.

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Start-up enterprises play a vital role in the knowledge economy, commonly acting as links between invention and innovation. Their development depends on an efficient start-up ecosystem including institutional environment. It comprises such classic institutions as business incubators, accelerators, technology parks, centres of technology transfer as well as increasingly popular forms of support like: mentoring, industry meetings, competitions, and hackathons. This paper is intended to analyse and evaluate non-financial support, mainly knowledge and business contacts (networking), in development of start-up enterprises in Poland.
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Polak, Przemysław. "The consequences of the use of online sources of information and mobile devices in university classes." Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management 6, no. 1 (April 10, 2018): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36965/ojakm.2018.6(1)81-92.

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This article presents the observation results of the use of different media by students during university computer lab courses. The observation results were supplemented with survey results on general preferences of the students regarding the forms of access to information. This study showed that students prefer to use electronic resources over traditional printed ones, as well as their clear commitment to the use of mobile devices. The students also preferred graphic forms of presentation over in-depth textual analyzes. The observation proved that many students have a problem with assessing the quality of information available on the Internet. Thus, it is proposed to use terms with alternative knowledge or post-truth knowledge to emphasize the importance of the problem of information source credibility.
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Milner, B. "Management of Intellectual Resources." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 7 (July 20, 2008): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2008-7-129-140.

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The article considers notion, diversity and sources of knowledge, the new role of intangible assets in organization as competitive advantage, the importance of intellectual resources. The main attention is paid to knowledge management functions and structures, new forms of organizations which create, spread and use intellectual resources.
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Wheeler, Billy. "Reliabilism and the Testimony of Robots." Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 24, no. 3 (2020): 332–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne202049123.

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We are becoming increasingly dependent on robots and other forms of artificial intelligence for our beliefs. But how should the knowledge gained from the “say-so” of a robot be classified? Should it be understood as testimonial knowledge, similar to knowledge gained in conversation with another person? Or should it be understood as a form of instrument-based knowledge, such as that gained from a calculator or a sundial? There is more at stake here than terminology, for how we treat objects as sources of knowledge often has important social and legal consequences. In this paper, I argue that at least some robots are capable of testimony. I make my argument by exploring the differences between instruments and testifiers on a well-known account of knowledge: reliabilism. On this approach, I claim that the difference between instruments and testifiers as sources of knowledge is that only the latter are capable of deception. As some robots can be designed to deceive, so they too should be recognized as testimonial sources of knowledge.
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Brondi, Sonia, Giuseppe Pellegrini, Peter Guran, Martin Fero, and Andrea Rubin. "Dimensions of trust in different forms of science communication: the role of information sources and channels used to acquire science knowledge." Journal of Science Communication 20, no. 03 (May 10, 2021): A08. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.20030208.

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This paper investigates the dimensions of trust and the role of information sources and channels in developing differentiated forms of science communication. The discussions from two public consultations carried out in Italy and Slovakia about controversial science-related topics were quali-quantitatively content analysed. The results show that scientific knowledge pervades diverse communication spheres, producing differentiated paths of trust in science. Each path is determined by topics (environment or health-related), information sources and channels preferred, and specific features of the multifaceted notion of trust. The contribution discusses cross-national commonalities and specificities and proposes implications for science communication.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Forms and sources of knowledge"

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Penazzi, Leonardo. "The fellow (novel) ; and Australian historical fiction, debating the perceived past (dissertation)." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0070.

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Novel The Fellow What is knowledge? Who should own it? Why is it used? Who can use it? Is knowledge power, or is it an illusion? These are some of the questions addressed in The Fellow. At the time of Australian federation, the year 1901, while a nation is being drawn into unity, one of its primary educational institutions is being drawn into disunity when an outsider challenges the secure world of The University of Melbourne. Arriving in Melbourne after spending much of his life travelling around Australia, an old Jack-of-all-trades bushman finds his way into the inner sanctum of The University of Melbourne. Not only a man of considerable and varied skill, he is also a man who is widely read and self-educated. However, he applies his knowledge in practical ways, based on what he has experienced in the
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Antonakos, Evangelia. "Forms of Generic Common Knowledge." Thesis, City University of New York, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3557113.

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In multi-agent epistemic logics, common knowledge has been a central consideration of study. A generic common knowledge (G.C.K.) system is one that yields iterated knowledge I(ϕ): 'any agent knows that any agent knows that any agent knows. . . ϕ' for any number of iterations. Generic common knowledge yields iterated knowledge G.C.K.(ϕ) → I(ϕ) but is not necessarily logically equivalent to it. This contrasts with the most prevalent formulation of common knowledge C as equivalent to iterated knowledge. A spectrum of systems may satisfy the G.C.K. condition, of which C is just one. It has been shown that in the usual epistemic scenarios, G.C.K. can replace conventional common knowledge and Artemov has noted that such standard sources of common knowledge as public announcements of atomic sentences generally yield G.C.K. rather than C.

In this dissertation we study mathematical properties of generic common knowledge and compare them to the traditional common knowledge notion. In particular, we contrast the modal G.C.K. logics of McCarthy (e.g. M4) and Artemov (e.g. [special characters omitted]) with C-systems (e.g. [special characters omitted]) and present a joint C/G.C.K. implicit knowledge logic [special characters omitted] as a conservative extension of both. We show that in standard epistemic scenarios in which common knowledge of certain premises is assumed, whose conclusion does not concern common knowledge (such as Muddy Children, Wise Men, Unfaithful Wives, etc.), a lighter G.C.K.can be used instead of the traditional, more complicated, common knowledge. We then present the first fully explicit G.C.K. system LP n(LP). This justification logic realizes the corresponding modal system [special characters omitted] so that G.C.K., along with individual knowledge modalities, can always be made explicit.

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Mahmud, Zakaria. "Source of New and Advance Scientific Knowledge of Software Practitioners." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4345.

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Context: Academic researchers publish their results of new and advanced scientific knowledge (often in close collaboration with industry) in academic journals and conferences. However, it is not know to what extent this information reaches the practitioners. So far this has not been investigated. This information will help researchers in the dissemination process of their research findings. Objectives: In this study we investigate which types of knowledge dissemination forums exist in software engineering, how frequent and aware they are to software practitioners and how useful they find it in improving their professional activities. Methods: We conducted a survey of software practitioners posted on LinkedIn, Yahoo, Facebook, Google+, Meetup and Google groups. The survey contained demographics information, seven types of forums for obtaining scientific knowledge and how important respondents felt these forums improve their professional activities. Results: The results of the survey indicate that Book Publishers, Blogs, Video Tutorial and Social Media are considerable forums of sharing new and advance scientific knowledge for software practitioners. Whilst, IT magazines, scientific journals and meetings are suggested to be less considered forums in gaining new and advanced scientific knowledge. Conclusions: We conclude that academic researchers could improve the exposure of their research findings by presenting their results not only in journals and meetings. But also in new forums where they can represent results in the form of videos, blogs or social media. This exposes their research findings to a larger audience of software practitioners.
C/O TALUKDER MAMUN SÄRLAGATAN 13B 214 48, MALMO. Phone: 0733499525
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Zeng, Xiaoming. "New forms of power sources for welding applications." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316628.

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Perkins, Arland Early. "School Principals’ Sources of Knowledge." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2353.

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The purpose of this study was to determine what sources of professional knowledge are available to principals in 1 rural East Tennessee school district. Qualitative research methods were applied to gain an understanding of what sources of knowledge are used by school principals in 1 rural East Tennessee school district and the barriers they face to using knowledge sources. This study questioned whether these resources are adequate for, accessible to, and used by school principals. In this study I examined principals’ perceptions of the need for a district-led mentoring program. The study first consisted of a preliminary data collection procedure. Ten of the school district’s principals completed a demographic questionnaire and list of survey questions developed from the 4 research questions and elements of the literature review. These data were reviewed by the researcher in order to categorize the respondents’ responses into meaningful demographic data. The final data collection procedure involved 6 principals chosen to complete face-to-face interviews consisting of open-ended questions developed from an initial interview protocol. Results indicated the principals’ examples of seeking knowledge and information from data sources, collegial professionalism, readings of research and literature, and professional development. The principals presented evidence that they embrace teaching and learning within their roles as school principals. The 2 areas on which the principals focused their concerns were time and the current state department educational reforms. The principals provided recommendations for a future district-wide principal mentoring program.
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Zhang, Ping. "Learning from Multiple Knowledge Sources." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/214795.

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Computer and Information Science
Ph.D.
In supervised learning, it is usually assumed that true labels are readily available from a single annotator or source. However, recent advances in corroborative technology have given rise to situations where the true label of the target is unknown. In such problems, multiple sources or annotators are often available that provide noisy labels of the targets. In these multi-annotator problems, building a classifier in the traditional single-annotator manner, without regard for the annotator properties may not be effective in general. In recent years, how to make the best use of the labeling information provided by multiple annotators to approximate the hidden true concept has drawn the attention of researchers in machine learning and data mining. In our previous work, a probabilistic method (i.e., MAP-ML algorithm) of iteratively evaluating the different annotators and giving an estimate of the hidden true labels is developed. However, the method assumes the error rate of each annotator is consistent across all the input data. This is an impractical assumption in many cases since annotator knowledge can fluctuate considerably depending on the groups of input instances. In this dissertation, one of our proposed methods, GMM-MAPML algorithm, follows MAP-ML but relaxes the data-independent assumption, i.e., we assume an annotator may not be consistently accurate across the entire feature space. GMM-MAPML uses a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) to find the fittest model to approximate the distribution of the instances. Then the maximum a posterior (MAP) estimation of the hidden true labels and the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation of quality of multiple annotators at each Gaussian component are provided alternately. Recent studies show that it is not the case that employing more annotators regardless of their expertise will result in improved highest aggregating performance. In this dissertation, we also propose a novel algorithm to integrate multiple annotators by Aggregating Experts and Filtering Novices, which we call AEFN. AEFN iteratively evaluates annotators, filters the low-quality annotators, and re-estimates the labels based only on information obtained from the good annotators. The noisy annotations we integrate are from any combination of human and previously existing machine-based classifiers, and thus AEFN can be applied to many real-world problems. Emotional speech classification, CASP9 protein disorder prediction, and biomedical text annotation experiments show a significant performance improvement of the proposed methods (i.e., GMM-MAPML and AEFN) as compared to the majority voting baseline and the previous data-independent MAP-ML method. Recent experiments include predicting novel drug indications (i.e., drug repositioning) for both approved drugs and new molecules by integrating multiple chemical, biological or phenotypic data sources.
Temple University--Theses
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Maynard, Diana Gabrielle. "Term recognition using combined knowledge sources." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311203.

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Ryder, Katherine Ann. "Alternate forms of knowledge in polysubstance use subgroups /." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 1999. http://library.ouhsc.edu/epub/theses/Ryder-Katherine-Ann.pdf.

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Monkhouse, Wendy. "Forms of ancient Egyptian knowledge : studies in transmission." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444231/.

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This thesis addresses the question of the transmission of knowledge in Egypt through the dynastic to the Islamic period. It begins by describing the problem of how knowledge is conceptualized and structured within academic discourse, creating false dichotomies that have shaped a narrative of total loss and destruction. Transmission and continuity are instead proposed to take place within a dynamic model of transformation, and the study of a traditional locus of knowledge within the dynastic period, the House of Life, is juxtaposed with the long-term biography of the Egyptian tomb. The House of Life is recognized as a problematic entity, particular issues being the nature of the 'knowledge' it maintained, and how much of the textual knowledge was eventually expendable. The investigation of biographies of the tomb leads to the study of the transmission of knowledge through practice, which can be traced through to the present day.
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Stevenson, Robert Mark. "Multiple knowledge sources for word sense disambiguation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310763.

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Books on the topic "Forms and sources of knowledge"

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Knowledge, forms, the aviary. Boise: Ahsahta Press, Boise State University, 2006.

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Kelsey, Karla. Knowledge, forms, the aviary. Boise. ID: Ahsahta Press, Boise State University, 2007.

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Tirosh, Dina, ed. Forms of Mathematical Knowledge. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1584-3.

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Koethe, John. Scepticism, knowledge, and forms of reasoning. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006.

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Scepticism, knowledge, and forms of reasoning. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press, 2005.

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T.S. Eliot's use of popular sources. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 1997.

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Plato on knowledge and forms: Selected essays. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2003.

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FINE, GAIL. Plato on Knowledge and Forms: Selected Essays. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

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Wiegandt, Ellen, ed. Mountains: Sources of Water, Sources of Knowledge. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6748-8.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Mountains: Sources of Water, Sources of Knowledge. Dordrecht: Springer, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Forms and sources of knowledge"

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Bréard, Andrea. "On the Transmission of Mathematical Knowledge in Versified Form in China." In Scientific Sources and Teaching Contexts Throughout History: Problems and Perspectives, 155–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5122-4_7.

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Maybin, Jo. "Knowledge Sources." In Producing Health Policy, 38–63. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-78654-1_3.

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Harper, Donald. "The Textual Form of Knowledge: Occult Miscellanies in Ancient and Medieval Chinese Manuscripts, Fourth Century B.C. to Tenth Century A.D." In Looking at it from Asia: the Processes that Shaped the Sources of History of Science, 37–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3676-6_2.

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Greilich, Susanne. "Spanische Enzyklopädie-Übersetzungen als Orte der selbstbewussten Partizipation an aufgeklärter Wissensproduktion." In Übersetzungskulturen der Frühen Neuzeit, 337–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62562-0_16.

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ZusammenfassungEighteenth-century Spanish encyclopaedias, translated from other European languages into Castilian, provide excellent illustrations of the central connections between ency-clopaedism and translation at the time. They show the importance of translations for the dissemination of the genre, the transcultural and transgeneric interweaving of knowledge through multiple translation practices, processes of autonomization in the form of departure from the source text, and forms of „nationalization“ resulting from the adaptation of translated encyclopaedias to the cultural background of their readers. At the same time, the analysis reveals that these texts were by no means only important in terms of the wealth of knowledge they provided, nor were they simply pragmatic instruments of reform-oriented Enlightenment. Rather, they proved to be a medium for self-confident participation in the knowledge production of the time and thus also for inner and outward self-assertion.
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van Bakel, Ruud, Teodor Aleksiev, Daniel Daza, Dimitrios Alivanistos, and Michael Cochez. "Approximate Knowledge Graph Query Answering: From Ranking to Binary Classification." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 107–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72308-8_8.

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AbstractLarge, heterogeneous datasets are characterized by missing or even erroneous information. This is more evident when they are the product of community effort or automatic fact extraction methods from external sources, such as text. A special case of the aforementioned phenomenon can be seen in knowledge graphs, where this mostly appears in the form of missing or incorrect edges and nodes.Structured querying on such incomplete graphs will result in incomplete sets of answers, even if the correct entities exist in the graph, since one or more edges needed to match the pattern are missing. To overcome this problem, several algorithms for approximate structured query answering have been proposed. Inspired by modern Information Retrieval metrics, these algorithms produce a ranking of all entities in the graph, and their performance is further evaluated based on how high in this ranking the correct answers appear.In this work we take a critical look at this way of evaluation. We argue that performing a ranking-based evaluation is not sufficient to assess methods for complex query answering. To solve this, we introduce Message Passing Query Boxes (MPQB), which takes binary classification metrics back into use and shows the effect this has on the recently proposed query embedding method MPQE.
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Srzednicki, Jan. "Sources of Knowledge." In To Know or Not to Know, 37–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3542-1_3.

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Berghofer, Philipp. "Sources of knowledge." In The Husserlian Mind, 315–26. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429243790-30.

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Johannesson, Paul, and Erik Perjons. "Knowledge Types and Forms." In An Introduction to Design Science, 21–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10632-8_2.

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Johannesson, Paul, and Erik Perjons. "Knowledge Types and Forms." In An Introduction to Design Science, 23–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78132-3_2.

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Wimsatt, William C. "Forms of Aggregativity." In Human Nature and Natural Knowledge, 259–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5349-9_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Forms and sources of knowledge"

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Fan, I. S., G. Li, M. Lagos-Hernandez, P. Bermell-Garci´a, and M. Twelves. "A Rule Level Knowledge Management System for Knowledge Based Engineering Applications." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/cie-34501.

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This paper reports on a system that has been developed to facilitate the structure and reuse of engineering rules (ERs) in Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) systems. The proposed structure for rule elements supports the traceability of knowledge sources as well as where the knowledge elements are used in KBE applications. This forms the infrastructure to systematically manage the use and reuse of knowledge and control the version and update of the rules when new knowledge is gained. Representing product knowledge in rules is a way to capture the know-why of the design by modelling the decisions involved in the design process. KBE has been used as the mechanism to deploy this knowledge. Although the KBE technology can support the management of this knowledge, the maintenance of the knowledge is often a neglected task. This leads to a number of practical difficulties in the large scale rollout of KBE applications. To design an improved KBE rules maintenance system, the research team developed a generic representation to unify the off-line storage of the IF, COND and CASE statements used in the ICAD Design Language. Additional data fields are defined to maintain the traceability of the origin and use of rules. This is implemented in a Microsoft Access database. The integration of this off-line rule repository with the ICAD KBE system is achieved and validated in an industrial application. The data structure defined and the implementation system is detailed in this paper.
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Xu, Y., and K. L. Yung. "Forms of Static Friction, Sliding Friction and Rolling Friction." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64050.

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Although, it seems that the concepts of static friction, sliding friction and rolling friction are common knowledges, their real sources are ironically not so clear. Inappropriate descriptions of them may have hampered the theoretical analyses and calculations of the frictions and deterred their applications in real world. In this paper, we are proposing a new method to model the static friction, sliding friction and rolling friction by three mechanical elements: spring, translatory damper and rotary damper respectively. It is shown that proper descriptions of the frictions, e.g. rolling friction, can help in correcting discrepancies in previous research works.
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Rezer, Tatiana. "Digital Learning Environments and New Forms of Didactogeny." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-77.

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Humanity’s progress is determined by its spiritual, intellectual and physical potential. The role of each of them is equally important. All types of potential capabilities are developed through the process of learning and education, which have their own types of resources and technologies to ensure the quality of education and health. The digital learning environment is a new kind of educational resource that has emerged as a result of technological advances in this century. Based on a comparative analysis, the reasons for the emergence of a new form of didactogeny in the digital educational environment: nomophobia, caused by smartphone addiction among young people, have been identified. The method of theoretical analysis of relevant publications allowed for the propagation level of this form of didactogeny to be revealed. The result: 53% of UK residents suffer from nomophobia, while in Russia only 3 teenagers out of 68 subjects were able to go without a using phone for 8 hours and engage in intellectual activities, from which they gained satisfaction and new knowledge. An empirical questionnaire study showed that 41.29 per cent of young people in Russia’s student population reported being overloaded with information from various types of sources. Conclusions: there are no formal health and hygiene requirements for the digital learning environment; ‘cliched’ thinking is widespread among the new generation; an emotional overload of students is emerging, which leads to neuroticism and depression; new forms of didactogenia such as nomophobia are developing in the educational process; low digital academic literacy is diagnosed among educational process participants.
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Wu, Qi, Peng Wang, Chunhua Shen, Anthony Dick, and Anton Van Den Hengel. "Ask Me Anything: Free-Form Visual Question Answering Based on Knowledge from External Sources." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2016.500.

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Veira, Neil, Brian Keng, Kanchana Padmanabhan, and Andreas Veneris. "Unsupervised Embedding Enhancements of Knowledge Graphs using Textual Associations." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/725.

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Knowledge graph embeddings are instrumental for representing and learning from multi-relational data, with recent embedding models showing high effectiveness for inferring new facts from existing databases. However, such precisely structured data is usually limited in quantity and in scope. Therefore, to fully optimize the embeddings it is important to also consider more widely available sources of information such as text. This paper describes an unsupervised approach to incorporate textual information by augmenting entity embeddings with embeddings of associated words. The approach does not modify the optimization objective for the knowledge graph embedding, which allows it to be integrated with existing embedding models. Two distinct forms of textual data are considered, with different embedding enhancements proposed for each case. In the first case, each entity has an associated text document that describes it. In the second case, a text document is not available, and instead entities occur as words or phrases in an unstructured corpus of text fragments. Experiments show that both methods can offer improvement on the link prediction task when applied to many different knowledge graph embedding models.
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Simari, Gerardo I. "From Data to Knowledge Engineering for Cybersecurity." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/896.

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Data present in a wide array of platforms that are part of today's information systems lies at the foundation of many decision making processes, as we have now come to depend on social media, videos, news, forums, chats, ads, maps, and many other data sources for our daily lives. In this article, we first discuss how such data sources are involved in threats to systems' integrity, and then how they can be leveraged along with knowledge-based tools to tackle a set of challenges in the cybersecurity domain. Finally, we present a brief discussion of our roadmap for research and development in the near future to address the set of ever-evolving cyber threats that our systems face every day.
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Xiao, Chunyang, Marc Dymetman, and Claire Gardent. "Symbolic Priors for RNN-based Semantic Parsing." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/585.

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Seq2seq models based on Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have recently received a lot of attention in the domain of Semantic Parsing. While in principle they can be trained directly on pairs (natural language utterances, logical forms), their performance is limited by the amount of available data. To alleviate this problem, we propose to exploit various sources of prior knowledge: the well-formedness of the logical forms is modeled by a weighted context-free grammar; the likelihood that certain entities present in the input utterance are also present in the logical form is modeled by weighted finite-state automata. The grammar and automata are combined together through an efficient intersection algorithm to form a soft guide (“background”) to the RNN.We test our method on an extension of the Overnight dataset and show that it not only strongly improves over an RNN baseline, but also outperforms non-RNN models based on rich sets of hand-crafted features.
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Skyrius, Rimvydas. "Human Factors in Person-Technology Relations in Business Decision Making." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2573.

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The goal of this paper is to produce an evaluation of IT-based support of human decision capabilities, as seen by the decision makers themselves. Recent research efforts, conducted in communication with actual decision makers in business and public administration, have been directed at the evaluation of potential of information technologies (IT) in supporting high-level information activities and creation of new knowledge for the participants. Author’s research experience shows that, apart from preference for simple support tools and techniques, there is a preference for tools and techniques that hold their efficiency over time in related situations, and are oriented towards more stimulation than automation. Also, a hypothesis is made that decision makers prefer more variety and flexibility in information sources than in decision models and other forms of “frozen knowledge”.
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Lin, Linyu, Pascal Rouxelin, Paridhi Athe, Nam Dinh, and Jeffrey Lane. "Development and Assessment of Data-Driven Digital Twins in a Nearly Autonomous Management and Control System for Advanced Reactors." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16813.

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Abstract A critical component of the autonomous control system is the implementation of digital twin (DT) for diagnosing the conditions and prognosing the future transients of physical components or systems. The objective is to achieve an accurate understanding and prediction of future behaviors of the physical components or systems and to guide operating decisions by an operator or an autonomous control system. With specific requirements in the functional, interface, modeling, and accuracy, DTs are developed based on operational and simulation databases. As one of the modeling methods, data-driven methods have been used for implementing DTs since they have more adaptive forms and are able to capture interdependencies that can be overlooked in model-based DTs. To demonstrate the capabilities of DTs, a case study is designed for the control of the EBR-II sodium-cooled fast reactor during a single loss of flow accident, where either a complete or a partial loss of flow in one of the two primary sodium pumps is considered. Based on the definition of DTs and the design of autonomous control system, DTs for diagnosis and prognosis are implemented by training feedforward neural networks with suggested inputs, training parameters, and knowledge base. Furthermore, inspired by the validation and uncertainty quantification scheme for scientific computing, a list of sources of uncertainty in input variables, training parameters, and knowledge base is formulated. The objective is to assess qualitative impacts of different sources of uncertainty on the DT errors. It is found that the performance of DT for diagnosis and prognosis satisfies the acceptance criteria within the training databases. Meanwhile, the accuracy of DTs for diagnosis and prognosis is highly affected by multiple sources of uncertainty.
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Zamiri, Majid, Andreia Artifice, Elsa Marcelino-Jesus, Joao Sarraipa, and Ricardo Jardim-Goncalves. "A Future Trend in Sensing Enterprise Systems." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88530.

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The widespread use of sensorial technologies has created new opportunities for enterprises, as these new sources of data assist in increasing the context-awareness in which enterprises operate and enable them to better anticipate and adapt to changes in the business environment. This leads to better decision-making and greater profitability, as well as to reduced operating risks. However, if enterprises are to get any benefit from these new data sources, there is a need for tools, which will enable them to deal with the complexity of the multitude of data sources, both from physical and virtual objects, as well as a means to extract relevant and correct information and knowledge from it. Having access to data is not enough. The real value to enterprises comes from being able to process it, interpret it and being able to make accurate forecasts upon which they can base their business decisions. This paper presents the blockchain technology which is intended to support the development of sensing enterprise systems for intelligent knowledge management. Since the creation of the internet, blockchain is the most important technology created that is in constant development and has still much more to develop. In a simple way, blockchain is a computational technology for register of operations, decentralized, free-access, transparent, global, continuous. It is a public database that is accessible for everyone and is much more secure and reliable than other forms currently known to perform similar operations. Thus, it is intended to demonstrate the importance of this recent technology in business processes and the future trends of its use in sensing enterprise business processes. The proposed framework intends to demonstrate and serve as the foundation for new business models supported by the new capabilities provided by sensorial technologies in the support of enterprise applications.
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Reports on the topic "Forms and sources of knowledge"

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Schwartz, Richard, and John Makhoul. Combining Multiple Knowledge Sources for Speech Recognition. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198928.

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Madnick, Stuart, and Michael Siegel. Context Interchange: Using Knowledge About Data to Integrate Disparate Sources. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada372091.

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Zamora, Antonio. 41. DISCOVERY, SEARCH, AND COMMUNICATION OF TEXTUAL KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS a. Discovering and Utilizing Knowledge Sources for Metasearch Knowledge Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/946818.

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Larson, Steven L., John H. Ballard, Fende Meng, Decheng Jin, Kai Guo, Liangmei Chen, Zikri Arslan, et al. Influences of U sources and forms on its bioaccumulation in Indian mustard and sunflower. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/37275.

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Bohus, Dan, and Alex Rudnicky. Integrating Multiple Knowledge Sources for Utterance-Level Confidence Annotation in the CMU Communicator Spoken Dialog System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada461099.

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Arlitsch, Kenning. Data set supporting the dissertation Semantic Web Identity in Academic Organizations: Search engine entity recognition and the sources that influence Knowledge Graph Cards in search results. Montana State University ScholarWorks, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/m2f590.

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Milek, Karen, and Richard Jones, eds. Science in Scottish Archaeology: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.193.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four key headings:  High quality, high impact research: the importance of archaeological science is reflected in work that explores issues connected to important contemporary topics, including: the demography of, the nature of movement of, and contact between peoples; societal resilience; living on the Atlantic edge of Europe; and coping with environmental and climatic change. A series of large-scale and integrated archaeological science projects are required to stimulate research into these important topics. To engage fully with Science in Scottish Archaeology iv these questions data of sufficient richness is required that is accessible, both within Scotland and internationally. The RCAHMS’ database Canmore provides a model for digital dissemination that should be built on.  Integration: Archaeological science should be involved early in the process of archaeological investigation and as a matter of routine. Resultant data needs to be securely stored, made accessible and the research results widely disseminated. Sources of advice and its communication must be developed and promoted to support work in the commercial, academic, research, governmental and 3rd sectors.  Knowledge exchange and transfer: knowledge, data and skills need to be routinely transferred and embedded across the archaeological sector. This will enable the archaeological science community to better work together, establishing routes of communication and improving infrastructure. Improvements should be made to communication between different groups including peers, press and the wider public. Mechanisms exist to enable the wider community to engage with, and to feed into, the development of the archaeological and scientific database and to engage with current debates. Projects involving the wider community in data generation should be encouraged and opportunities for public engagement should be pursued through, for example, National Science Week and Scottish Archaeology Month.  Networks and forums: A network of specialists should be promoted to aid collaboration, provide access to the best advice, and raise awareness of current work. This would be complemented by creating a series inter-disciplinary working groups, to discuss and articulate archaeological science issues. An online service to match people (i.e. specialist or student) to material (whether e.g. environmental sample, artefactual assemblage, or skeletal assemblage) is also recommended. An annual meeting should also be held at which researchers would be able to promote current and future work, and draw attention to materials available for analysis, and to specialists/students looking to work on particular assemblages or projects. Such meetings could be rolled into a suitable public outreach event.
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Sanz, E., P. Alonso, B. Haidar, H. Ghaemi, and L. García. Key performance indicators (KPIs). Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/prodphd.2021.9.002.

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The project “Social network tools and procedures for developing entrepreneurial skills in PhD programmes” (prodPhD) aims to implement innovative social network-based methodologies for teaching and learning entrepreneurship in PhD programmes. The multidisciplinary teaching and learning methodologies to be developed will enable entrepreneurship education to be introduced into any PhD programme, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to engage in entrepreneurial activities. However, the use of the output of the project will depend on the nature and profile of the research or scientific field. In this context, key performance indicators (KPIs) form the base on which the quality and scope of the methodologies developed in the project will be quantified and benchmarked. The project’s final product will be an online tool that higher education students can use to learn entrepreneurship from a social network perspective. Performance measurement is one of the first steps of any project and involves the choice and use of indicators to measure the effectiveness and success of the project’s methods and results. All the KPIs have been selected according to criteria of relevance, measurability, reliability, and adequacy, and they cover the process, dissemination methods, and overall quality of the project. In this document, each KPI is defined together with the units and instruments for measuring it. In the case of qualitative KPIs, five-level Likert scales are defined to improve indicator measurability and reliability. The KPIs for prodPhD are divided into three main dimensions, depending on the stage of the project they evaluate. The three main dimensions are performance and development (which are highly related to the project’s process), dissemination and impact (which are more closely correlated with the project’s output), and overall project quality. Different sources (i.e., European projects and papers) have been drawn upon to define a set of 51 KPIs classified into six categories, according to the project phase they aim to evaluate. An Excel tool has been developed that collects all the KPIs analysed in the production of this document. This tool is shared in the Scipedia repository.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.

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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.
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Judith, Meyer, and David Keller. H - Requirement No. 1. OceanNETs, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d10.1.

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The purpose of this deliverable is to provide detailed information on the informed consent procedures that will be implemented for the participation of humans, including the information about the management of informed consent forms. This pertains to work conducted in WP 2 Governance, policy, and international law, WP 3 Public perception, WP 6 Ocean alkalinization case studies, and WP 7 Stakeholder Dialogue and the Provision of Knowledge, which involves the collection of information from laypersons and stakeholders.
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