Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Formosa'

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Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo utilizar diferentes doses de irradiação gama sobre frutos de mamão 'Formosa' (Carica papaya L.) pré-cortados e refrigerados, visando facilitar as etapas do processamento mínimo e o consumo, além de encontrar a dose ideal de irradiação que proporcione total segurança alimentar com relação aos microrganismos, ampliando, desta forma, o período de vida útil dos frutos e mantendo as características de qualidade. Todo o processamento do mamão até a embalagem foi executado na Empresa Verde Limpo, situada em Botucatu/SP. Os frutos já embalados foram irradiados na Companhia Brasileira de Esterilização (CBE), em Jarinú/SP. As doses aplicadas foram 0,0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8 e 1,0kGy. Após a irradiação os frutos minimamente processados foram armazenados à temperatura de 9 l 1ºC e umidade relativa de 90 l 5% durante nove dias. As avaliações foram a cada dois dias, exceto as análises microbiológicas que foram nos 1º, 5º e 9º dias de conservação. As alterações na qualidade pós-colheita foram detectadas por meio das seguintes análises: perda de massa fresca (PMF), aparência, textura, acidez titulável (AT), pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), vitamina C, açúcares totais (A.Totais) e redutores (AR), sacarose (S), pectinas total (PT) e solúvel (PS), enzimas poligalacturonase (PG) e pectina metilesterase (PME), análise sensorial (cor, aroma, textura e sabor), índice de doenças e conservação pós-colheita. Para as análises microbiológicas foram identificadas bactérias aeróbicas (mesófilas e psicrotróficas), fungos (leveduras e bolores) e coliformes (totais e fecais). O delineamento estatístico empregado foi DIC inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições por tratamento, utilizando o programa SISVAR® e teste de Scott-Knott ao nível de 5% de significância...
The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of gamma irradiation on 'Formosa' papaya fresh-cut fruits (Carica papaya L.), stored under refrigeration, in order to facilitate the minimal processing stage and human consumption, finding ideal dose of irradiation that provides total nutritional safety against microorganisms, enlarging fruit shelf life and sustaining quality characteristics. Processing till packing of papaya was executed in Verde Limpo Enterprise, situated on Botucatu/SP. Packing fruits were irradiated on Companhia Brasileira de Irradiação (CBE), placed at Jarinú/SP. Used dose were 0,0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; and 1.0kGy. After irradiation, the fruits were stored under temperatures of 48.2ºF l 33.8ºF and relative humidity of 90 l 5%, during 9 days and appraised each 2 days. Evaluations were performed each two days, except microbiological analysis, carried up on 1st, 5th and 9th days of conservation. Changes in postharvest quality were detected in the following analysis: loss of fresh weight (LFW), appearance, firmness, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, total reducer sugars (TRS), reducer sugar (RS), sucrose (S), total pectin (TP), soluble pectin (SP), activity of polygalacturonase (aPG) and pectin methyl esterase (aPME), sensorial analysis (color, aroma, firmness and flavor), disease index and postharvest conservation. Microbiological analysis was performed to identify aerobic bacteria (mesophilic and psychrotrophic), fungi (yeasts and moulds) and coliforms (total and fecal). Data were analyzed according to a completely randomized design, with 4 repetitions per treatment, using SISVAR™ program and Scott-Knottþs test at 5% level of significance. Based on results obtained, it was observed that appearance, color, TA, TP and aPME were significantly improved by gamma irradiation at 0.6kGy...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de revestimentos comestíveis na qualidade de mamão \'Formosa\' minimamente processado durante armazenamento a 5°C por 15 dias. Os tratamentos foram: o controle, e os seguintes revestimentos: amido de arroz 3%, alginato de sódio 0,5% e carboximetilcelulose 0,25%. O uso de revestimentos causou alterações nos parâmetros físicos, físico-químicos e microbiológicos do mamão minimamente processado, quando comparado ao controle. As alterações mais importantes foram: menor contagem de coliformes totais; menor respiração dos mamões tratados com amido de arroz e maior dos tratados com carboximetilcelulose, ao longo do tempo; menor descoloração da polpa dos frutos ao longo do armazenamento; maior manutenção da firmeza das amostras tratadas com carboximetilcelulose; e redução do teor de sólidos solúveis e aumento da acidez titulável. Os revestimentos não afetaram os atributos sensoriais. Como a maioria dos efeitos positivos das coberturas ocorreu no 12° e 15° dias e, considerando o custo da tecnologia relacionado ao preço dos revestimentos, a melhor opção, até 9 dias de armazenamento, consiste em fazer apenas uma boa sanitização dos frutos, como feito no controle. No entanto, se o interesse for preservar a vida útil dos mamões por um período maior, até 15 dias, os revestimentos testados podem ser utilizados com resultados satisfatórios.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of edible coatings on the quality of minimally processed \'Formosa\' papaya during storage at 5°C for 15 days. The treatments were: the control, and the following coatings: rice starch 3%, sodium alginate 0.5% and carboxymethylcellulose 0.25%. The use of coatings caused changes in the physical, physicochemical and microbiological parameters of minimally processed papaya, when compared to control. The most important changes were: lower counts of total coliforms; lower respiration of papayas treated with rice starch and higher of those treated with carboxymethylcellulose over time; less fruit pulp discoloration during storage, increased firmness maintenance of samples treated with carboxymethylcellulose; and reduction of soluble solids and increased acidity. The coatings did not affect the sensory attributes. Since most of the positive effects of the coatings occurred at the 12th and 15th days, and considering the technology cost related to the price of coatings, the best option, until 9 days of storage, is just to do a good sanitization of fruits such as that of control samples. However, if the interest is to preserve the shelf life of papayas for a longer period, up to 15 days, the coatings tested could be used with satisfactory results.

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The socio-spatial dynamics implemented by territorial modernization and its consequent influences cannot stop the remarkable presence of the peasantry and its cultural manifestations in Formosa / GO. The municipality has its origins in the cattle ranchers and dealers in salt and charque, in the  XVIIIth century, who settled in the region. They founded Arraial dos Couros and inaugurated agricultural norms that persist today as activity developed in the field. Locally, livestock are raised from different breeds and purposes from the peasant way of production to grand capitalist property. In these same territories, which make up a diverse agrarian space, there are traditional folias de roça: festivals that have been celebrated in the region since the days of its first occupants. The research aims to analyze how these festivals—that integrate the way of life and daily life of the peasantry—contribute to the culture as a form of peasant resistance. Bibliographic survey and data collection were methodologies that accompanied the development of this study. The participative research with unstructured interviews was adopted when we participated in the giro of two folias de roça that represent the sacred Divine Holy Spirit of Catholics in the municipality: Folia da Roça de Formosa and Folia do Quilombo. In the field, there were integrations with the feasts and their participants, accompanying the rhythms and the religiosity, trying to understand the importance of the culture and the territory for the local peasantry. In this research we show that the culture, based on the cultural manifestations of the folia de roça, is allied to socio-cultural and socioeconomic factors, strengthening the peasant territorial identity in Formosa / GO, and contributing to the affirmation and resistance of the peasants in their territories against territorial modernization. In society and in the capitalist system, peasants use many means to conquer, secure, and remain on the land.
A dinâmica socioespacial implementada pela modernização territorial com as consequentes influências não conseguem cessar a notável presença do campesinato e de suas manifestações culturais em Formosa/GO. O município tem nas suas origens o fato de tropeiros de gado do comércio de sal e charque, ainda no século XVIII, fazerem pouso com suas tropas na região, fundando o então Arraial dos Couros e inaugurando os rumos da agropecuária que persiste como importante atividade econômica desenvolvida no campo. Localmente, o gado é criado a partir de diferentes formas e finalidades de produção desde a propriedade camponesa da terra até a grande propriedade capitalista. Nestes mesmos territórios, que compõem um espaço agrário diverso, também acontecem as tradicionais Folias de Roça, festas que alcançaram a região desde a véspera de seus primeiros ocupantes. A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a importância do fator sociocultural e da compreensão da vida cotidiana como formas de resistência camponesa diante dos processos de modernização do território no estado de Goiás, buscando, para tanto, defender a ideia da cultura como uma forma de resistência camponesa. Levantamento bibliográfico e coleta de dados foram metodologias que acompanharam o desenvolvimento deste estudo. A pesquisa participativa com entrevistas não estruturadas foi adotada ao participarmos do giro de duas Folias de Roça acontecem no município e têm como representação do sagrado o Divino Espírito Santo do movimento católico, a saber, a Folia da Roça de Formosa e a Folia do Quilombo. Em campo, houve integrações com as festas e seus sujeitos, acompanhando os ritmos e a religiosidade, buscando compreender a importância da cultura e do território para o campesinato local, a partir dos pousos de folia visitados. Nesta pesquisa evidenciamos que a cultura, a partir das manifestações culturais do tipo Folia de Roça, se alia aos fatores socioculturais e socioeconômicos, fortalecendo a identidade territorial camponesa em Formosa/GO e contribuindo para a afirmação e resistência dos camponeses nos seus territórios diante da modernização territorial. Inserido na sociedade e no sistema capitalista, os camponeses valem-se de diversos meios para conquistar, garantir e permanecer na terra.

Orientador: Rogério Lopes Vieites
Banca: Giuseppina Pace P. Lima
Banca: Maria Amalia Brunini
Banca: Moacir Pasqual
Banca: José Darlan Ramos
Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo utilizar diferentes doses de irradiação gama sobre frutos de mamão 'Formosa' (Carica papaya L.) pré-cortados e refrigerados, visando facilitar as etapas do processamento mínimo e o consumo, além de encontrar a dose ideal de irradiação que proporcione total segurança alimentar com relação aos microrganismos, ampliando, desta forma, o período de vida útil dos frutos e mantendo as características de qualidade. Todo o processamento do mamão até a embalagem foi executado na Empresa Verde Limpo, situada em Botucatu/SP. Os frutos já embalados foram irradiados na Companhia Brasileira de Esterilização (CBE), em Jarinú/SP. As doses aplicadas foram 0,0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8 e 1,0kGy. Após a irradiação os frutos minimamente processados foram armazenados à temperatura de 9 l 1ºC e umidade relativa de 90 l 5% durante nove dias. As avaliações foram a cada dois dias, exceto as análises microbiológicas que foram nos 1º, 5º e 9º dias de conservação. As alterações na qualidade pós-colheita foram detectadas por meio das seguintes análises: perda de massa fresca (PMF), aparência, textura, acidez titulável (AT), pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), vitamina C, açúcares totais (A.Totais) e redutores (AR), sacarose (S), pectinas total (PT) e solúvel (PS), enzimas poligalacturonase (PG) e pectina metilesterase (PME), análise sensorial (cor, aroma, textura e sabor), índice de doenças e conservação pós-colheita. Para as análises microbiológicas foram identificadas bactérias aeróbicas (mesófilas e psicrotróficas), fungos (leveduras e bolores) e coliformes (totais e fecais). O delineamento estatístico empregado foi DIC inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições por tratamento, utilizando o programa SISVAR® e teste de Scott-Knott ao nível de 5% de significância...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of gamma irradiation on 'Formosa' papaya fresh-cut fruits (Carica papaya L.), stored under refrigeration, in order to facilitate the minimal processing stage and human consumption, finding ideal dose of irradiation that provides total nutritional safety against microorganisms, enlarging fruit shelf life and sustaining quality characteristics. Processing till packing of papaya was executed in Verde Limpo Enterprise, situated on Botucatu/SP. Packing fruits were irradiated on Companhia Brasileira de Irradiação (CBE), placed at Jarinú/SP. Used dose were 0,0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; and 1.0kGy. After irradiation, the fruits were stored under temperatures of 48.2ºF l 33.8ºF and relative humidity of 90 l 5%, during 9 days and appraised each 2 days. Evaluations were performed each two days, except microbiological analysis, carried up on 1st, 5th and 9th days of conservation. Changes in postharvest quality were detected in the following analysis: loss of fresh weight (LFW), appearance, firmness, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, total reducer sugars (TRS), reducer sugar (RS), sucrose (S), total pectin (TP), soluble pectin (SP), activity of polygalacturonase (aPG) and pectin methyl esterase (aPME), sensorial analysis (color, aroma, firmness and flavor), disease index and postharvest conservation. Microbiological analysis was performed to identify aerobic bacteria (mesophilic and psychrotrophic), fungi (yeasts and moulds) and coliforms (total and fecal). Data were analyzed according to a completely randomized design, with 4 repetitions per treatment, using SISVAR™ program and Scott-Knottþs test at 5% level of significance. Based on results obtained, it was observed that appearance, color, TA, TP and aPME were significantly improved by gamma irradiation at 0.6kGy...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Doutor

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Geografia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2016.
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Embora compartilhe do saber científico produzido na academia, o conhecimento geográfico escolar diferencia-se do conhecimento geográfico científico por condições de produção, organização e finalidade. Tanto na sistematização de conteúdos, habilidades e competências, como no modo de ensinar e aprender seus conteúdos, diversos horizontes do pensamento geográfico influenciam o ensino da Geografia Escolar. Uma delas, a Geografia Humanista, vertente que decorre, principalmente, da fenomenologia, destaca-se pela ênfase dada aos sentidos humanos e seu universo vivido, o que pode contribuir para o liame de conhecimentos geográficos a gênese de uma atitude humanista. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral dessa pesquisa é conhecer e analisar quais são os conhecimentos dos professores a respeito da Geografia Humanista e como uma atitude humanista se manifesta no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em Geografia, no município de Formosa-GO. Para isso, foram selecionadas uma escola em área urbana e uma em área rural. A problemática que orientou esta investigação diz respeito à identificação dos conhecimentos que os professores têm a respeito da Geografia Humanista e, nessa perspectiva, quais traços de uma atitude humanista se manifestam no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada foi de base qualitativa, a partir de entrevistas não estruturadas guiadas realizadas com os professores de Geografia, e grupo focal com seus alunos. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que esses profissionais apresentam uma lacuna, no que se refere à teorização sobre a Geografia Humanista, decorrente de uma formação acadêmica inicial e continuada deficitárias e, também, pela ausência de interesse. Nesse sentido, a atitude humanista identificada nos professores, reflete muito mais uma sensibilidade e intuição do professor, do que uma apropriação prática e teórica do humanismo, ou seja: permeia, apenas, o campo das relações desenvolvidas entre professores e alunos, sem contemplar o processo de construção de conhecimentos. Em consequência, a Geografia ainda parece estar longe do contexto do aluno, constituindo-se um saber que é visto aquém das demais disciplinas, acumulativo e sem importância, exceto para viajar e conhecer sobre outros países, como os discentes relataram. Esses e outros resultados evidenciam a necessidade de uma formação em Geografia, que considere e valorize a Geografia Humanista, inclusive pelo seu potencial relativo às questões de ensino/aprendizagem, como fundamento metodológico para a significação dos conteúdos em geografia, de um lado, e construção do conhecimento geográfico, de outro. Assim, defendemos que a Geografia humanista/humanismo contribui para que os discentes se reconheçam como sujeitos, com possibilidade concreta de atuação no espaço, por meio do lugar, compreendam as aparências, ausências e múltiplas manifestações dos fenômenos geográficos, ressignificados à luz de suas próprias experiências.
Although share scientific knowledge produced at the Academy, the school geographic knowledge differs from scientific geographical knowledge for production conditions, organization and purpose. Both on systematization of content, skills and competences, as in the teaching and learning contents, various horizons of geographical thought influence the teaching of Geography in schools. One of them, Humanistic geography, shed was due mostly to the Phenomenology, stands out for the emphasis given to human senses humans and your universe lived, what can contribute to the connection of knowledge geográicos the genesis of a humanist attitude. In this context, the general objective of this research is to know and analyze what are the teachers ' knowledge about the Geography and Humanist as a humanist attitude is manifested in the teaching-learning process in geography, in the municipality of Formosa-GO. For this, we have selected a school in an urban area and a rural area. The problem that guided this investigation concerns the identification of teachers ' knowledge about the Geography and Humanist perspective, which traces a humanist attitude manifested in the teaching-learning process. The methodology used was qualitative basis, from unstructured guided interviews conducted with teachers of geography, and focus group with their students. The results obtained revealed that these professionals have a gap regarding the theorizing about the Humanistic Geography as a result of an initial and ongoing deficit's education and lack of interest. In this sense, the humanist attitude identified in teachers, reflects more a sensibility and intuition of professor than a theoretical and practical appropriation of humanism, which is: only the field permeates relations developed between teachers and students, without contemplating the knowledge construction process. As a result, the geography still seems to be far from the context of the student, being a knowledge which is seen falling short of other disciplines, accumulative and unimportant, except to travel and get to know about other countries, such as the students reported. These and other results suggest the need for a degree in Geography, which consider and highlight the Humanistic Geography, including its potential on the teaching/learning issues, methodological basis for the meaning of the contents on geography, on one side, and construction of geographic knowledge, on the other. Thus, we argue that the humanist/humanism Geography contributes to the students if you recognize them as subjects, with the possibility of acting in space, through the place, understand appearances, absences and multiple manifestations of geographical phenomena, redefined in the light of their own experiences.

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A participação da sociedade na política da habitação cresce em importância na agenda pública dos gestores das três esferas de governo, em razão da retomada dessa política no Brasil, neste início do século XXI. No Recife, e particularmente nas Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social ZEIS, os padrões de habitabilidade e a falta do controle e o uso do solo urbanos se apresentam críticos, sob a ênfase do adensamento e autoconstrução habitacionais. Em Brasília Teimosa, locus desta pesquisa, e primeira ZEIS criada na década de 1980, é percebida a alta valorização do solo, pela suas localização estratégica e paisagem. Nesta dissertação, se analisa a produção por moradias de interesse social autoconstruídas e verticalizadas de maneira espontânea pelos seus moradores, e a proposta da gestão municipal do Recife para esta ZEIS, de modo a realizar o desenvolvimento urbano equilibrado dessa área. Sem perda do referencial histórico no surgimento e no adensamento territorial, entre os anos 80 e início desta década, a pesquisa tem por objetivo principal investigar os instrumentos que a municipalidade poderá usar na melhoria dessa habitabilidade. Fundamenta ainda os marcos teóricos sobre o desenvolvimento econômico das cidades, a política de habitação de interesse social e a autoconstrução, por meio de autores como Singer (1977 e 2002), Santos (2008), Freyre (2006), Gonsalves de Mello (2001), Castells (2009), Cardoso (2008), Arretche (1999), Lubambo (1991,1998 e 2000), Bonduki (2004), Maricato (2001), Lima (2005), Vergolino (2007), entre outros. Afora isto, busca por meio dos instrumentos legais e administrativos que a gestão pública possui, propor pactos sociais e diretrizes que poderão causar mudanças na qualidade urbana desse adensamento e da autoconstrução espontânea. Metodologicamente a pesquisa foi fundamentada na coleta secundária da literatura, mapas e dados da cidade. Posteriormente, por meio de 12 entrevistas abertas dirigidas aos moradores, urbanistas, gestores e lideranças políticas, identificar os principais instrumentos que contribuam qualitativamente para proposições de mudança na gestão dessa ZEIS. Estas apontam para a defasagem entre os instrumentos atualmente em prática pelos gestores e os moradores, criando uma distância perversa à vivência nessa área. Dentre os resultados das pesquisas alguns apontam a necessidade de construir pactos de convivência para que surjam oportunidades por moradias adequadas aos padrões de habitabilidade hoje exigidos pelos próprios moradores, bem como a permanente e contínua necessidade por investimentos na infraestrutura urbana na ZEIS de Brasília Teimosa

The Ria Formosa is a lagoon on the South coast of the Algarve, Portugal and insulates SS km of the coastline from the full impact of the Atlantic. A review of the lagoon considers its geomorphology, sedimentology, hydrography, water quality and ecology. The Ria Formosa is identified as an important regional and national resource with respect to recreation, tourism, fishing, aquaculture, shipping and salt extraction. Ma*or regional developments in the form of spreading urbanisation and intensified agriculture, together with rising numbers in both the resident population and the annual tourist influx, pose an ever increasing stress upon the lagoon system, particularly with respect to water quality. The region contiguous to the lagoon is devoid of heavy industries and the review concludes that the greatest threat to sustained development of the lagoon resources is a progressive deterioration of water quality promoted by ever increasing discharges of nutrient and organic rich sewage effluent. In consequence, this study of the water quality in the Ria Formosa focuses upon the spatial and temporal variability in the nutrient and dissolved oxygen fields. Hydrographic, nutrient and dissolved oxygen data captured during three separate sampfing programmes are presented and discussed. The first programme addressed the variability in the lagoon as a whole. From June 1987 to May 1988 hydrographic, nutrient and dissolved oxygen data were collected at monthly intervals from sixteen sampling stations distributed through the lagoon. All sampling events were coincident with high and low water on neap tides. This sequence of surveys showed that during the winter the lagoon acts as a typical estuary but for several months during the hot, dry summer the salinity of the waters within the lagoon exceeds that of the seaward boundary. No evidence of either marked or persistent stratification was found. Despite strong tidal flushing, the waters within the lagoon are not homogenous and the characteristics of the incoming coastal water are significantly modified in the inner reaches. Principal Component Analysis divided the sixteen sampling stations into four groups: (i) stations in the outer lagoon where water characteristics are little modified by the inner lagoon processes and sources; (ii) intermediate stations with water characteristics dominated by the inflowing seawater 11 but somewhat modified by inner lagoon processes and/or sources; (iii) estuarine stations where the water properties are greatly influenced by freshwater inputs; (iv) inner lagoon stations insufficiently flushed by tidal exchange and partly influenced by inner lagoon processes and sources. Stations comprising the latter group (in the vicinity of the city of Faro, the West end and the East end of the lagoon) all exhibited characteristics symptomatic of a marked reduction in water quality. These were manifest to a greater extent at the station adjacent to Faro. A comparison of the range of nutrient concentrations in the Ria Formosa with other lagoon systems identifies it as being one of the most nutrient enriched. It is concluded, however, that good water quality prevails throughout most of the lagoon at all times of the year and that the presence of, or potential for, adverse water quality is localised in particular areas. The objective of the second sampling programme was to generate a temporal record of the extent to which the properties of the coastal waters entering the lagoon were modified in the western inner reaches of the lagoon. Samples were taken weekly on Springs and Neap tides throughout 1989 coincident with high water at the coastal station and at low water in the lagoon. The offshore water showed a strong seasonal signal with an abrupt change of water type in autumn. Throughout the year, the lagoon water was consistently and significantly enriched in silicate relative to the seawater, but also with respect to ammonium and nitrite in winter. In contrast there was no evidence of an internal source of nitrate. Almost half of the morning samples showed the lagoon water to be less than 80% saturated in dissolved oxygen on most occasions during the summer months. Hypersaturation in summer afternoon samples exceeded the range recommended by European Union directives for water quality. The third sampling programme addressed short term variability of water characteristics at the western end of the lagoon. Observations every thirty minutes during the Extreme Spring Tide cycle of the autumn equinox showed that water from other parts of the lagoon (sewage contaminated water and water flushed off salt marshes) was flushed past the station during a tidal cycle. Percentage saturations of dissolved oxygen reached an early morning minimum of 54%. The nutrient and III dissolved oxygen observations indicated that the water quality situation in the western part of the lagoon was precarious. A set of circumstances which would provoke mass mortality of the biota under the conditions at the time of the study is outlined. The conditions in the Ria Formosa were compared to other lagoons and it was concluded that the Ria Formosa is relatively nutrient rich.

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FACEPE
As zonas costeiras são áreas de fundamental importância, desde o processo de colonização até os dias atuais. Estas regiões são extremamente complexas e dinâmicas, ocorrendo diariamente à atuação de diversos elementos da natureza. As ações antrópicas geram diversos problemas nessas áreas, tornando-as ambientes fragilizados. Grandes concentrações de edificações, tais como portos, condomínios, estradas, diques, entre outros, no domínio do litoral, sobre dunas e pós-praia, agridem a paisagem, e contribuem para o aumento do déficit de sedimentos e, por conseguinte, a erosão. O conjunto de fatores condicionantes que atuam no litoral do estado da Paraíba proporciona características ambientais diversas. Inserida na porção norte do litoral do Estado da Paraíba a orla marítima do município de Cabedelo, possui formas que resultantes da interação da dinâmica dos processos marinhos, através do oceano atlântico de um lado, e do outro lado, da dinâmica fluvial, por meio do Rio Paraíba. A área de estudo se encontra inserida na porção do litoral da cidade de Cabedelo, na praia de Formosa. De modo que o estudo possui como principal objetivo compreender o processo erosivo que ocorre na praia de Formosa a partir do uso e ocupação da linha de costa, através da caracterização morfodinâmica desta área. A determinação da localização dos perfis foi predefinida por uma observação do uso e ocupação da porção litorânea. Foram selecionadas três localidades ao longo do trecho, adotando como referencial a grande mobilidade e a construção de edificações na linha de costa. Sendo realizadas medições topográficas (mês-a-mês) e coleta de sedimento (estação chuvosa, estação seca e duas intermitentes), no período entre Abril de 2014 a Abril de 2015. Após análise dos dados, foi possível observar nos três pontos monitorados que a zona da pós-praia é a que mais ocorre dinâmica, enquanto nas outras duas porções quase não se notam modificação. Na granulometria, ficou perceptível que na porção de pós-praia e praia são compostos por areia fina, na antepraia nos pontos 1 e 2 é composto de areia muito fina, e no ponto 3 há uma variação de média a muito fina.
Coastal zone are areas of fundamental importance, since the process of colonization to the present day. These regions are extremely complex and dynamic, occurring daily to the performance of various elements of nature. Human actions generate many problems in these areas, making them fragile environments. Large concentrations of buildings, such as ports, condos, roads, dykes, among others, in the area of the coast over dunes and backshore, attack the landscape, and contribute to increase the deficit of sediments and therefore erosion. The set of conditioning factors that operate in the state of Paraiba coast it provides various environmental features. To the northern portion of the State of Paraíba coast the coastline of the city of Cabedelo, it has shapes that result from the interaction dynamics of marine processes, through the Atlantic Ocean on one side, and on the other side of the river dynamics, through the Rio Paraiba. The study area is inserted in the coastal portion of the city of Cabedelo. Under this view, the study has main objective is to understand the process erosion occurring on the beach in Formosa from the use and occupation of the coastline through the morphodynamic characterization of this area. The determination of the location of the profiles was defined by an observation of the use and occupation of the coastal portion. We selected three locations along the stretch, taking as reference the great mobility and the construction of buildings on the coast line. Being carried out topographical measurements (month-to-month), and sediment sampling (rainy season, dry season and two blinking), in the period from April 2014 to April 2015. After analyzing the data, it was possible observe the three points monitored the area of backshore zone is the one that is dynamic, while the other two portions hardly noticeable modification. In granulometry, was perceived that in backshore and foreshore portion are composed of fine sand, shoreface in points 1 and 2 it is composed of very fine sand, and point 3 there is an average of variation very thin.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the language present in the popular manifestation of “Folia da Roça” performed in the region of Formosa – GO. The methodology adopted was characterized by the qualitative approach of ethnographic base through the interaction with revelers and praying women during the annual feasting events of 2013, and 2014, in the rural area of the reported township, shifting focus to the rites that take place through prayers and life stories. The premise of the defence of this thesis is that the language of “Folia da Roça” preserves elements of the ibero-christian tradition, adapted to the local reality before the new conditions that take place amidst processes of urbanization and globalization. These influences were investigated by using the theoretic understructure of Ecolinguistics, a discipline that takes into consideration the study of language from the entanglement between the knowledge of Linguistics and Ecology, searching to describe interaction processes in which these categories manifest. Other guiding aspects of this research were: verify if the natural and social environments have any influence in the language of prayers; observe how ecclesiastic Latin is seized by those who speak rural Portuguese; investigate if values conveyed in the discourses of these protagonists are consistent with local wisdom or if they reflect patterns imported from the Iberian Peninsula during colonization; besides discussing and analyzing the memory of elders and their closer relatives in the prayers. By describing and analyzing the language of the feast, evidence is given of the adaptation and the resignification of official Catholic religious practice to the natural and social environments in which these protagonists are inserted. The religious ethic present there emerged as a result of the necessity of surviving in a historically hostile region, perpetuated by the interactions of its characters, transforming into an important and considerable manifestation of popular religiosity.
Esta tese se propôs a descrever e analisar a linguagem da manifestação popular da Folia da Roça, realizada na região de Formosa-GO. A metodologia adotada pautou-se pela abordagem qualitativa de base etnográfica por meio da interação com os foliões e com as rezadeiras da folia nos giros de 2013 e 2014, na zona rural do referido município, com o foco voltado para os rituais que se desdobram nas rezas e histórias de vida. A tese defendida é a de que a linguagem da Folia da Roça conserva elementos antigos da tradição ibero-cristã, adaptados à realidade local frente às novas condições, que ocorrem pelos processos de urbanização e globalização. Essas influências foram investigadas usando o arcabouço teórico da Ecolinguística, disciplina que propõe o estudo da língua a partir do entrelaçamento entre os saberes da Linguística e da Ecologia, buscando descrever os processos interacionais nos quais essas categorias se manifestam. Foram também aspectos norteadores desta pesquisa: verificar se os meios ambientes natural e social local têm alguma influência na linguagem das rezas; observar de que forma o latim eclesiástico é apropriado por pessoas que falam o português rural; investigar se os valores expressos no discurso desses protagonistas são consistentes com a sabedoria local ou se refletem padrões importados da Península Ibérica durante a colonização, além de discutir e analisar a memória dos anciãos e das anciãs e de seus parentes mais próximos nas rezas. Ao descrever e analisar a linguagem da folia, evidenciam-se a adaptação e a ressignificação do Catolicismo oficial aos ambientes natural e social nos quais esses protagonistas estão inseridos. A ética religiosa ali presente eclodiu em uma conduta, resultado da necessidade de sobrevivência em uma região historicamente hostil, que se perpetuou nas interações de seus atores, transformando-se em importante e considerável manifestação da religiosidade popular.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Linguística, Português e Línguas Classicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, 2008.
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Esta pesquisa, sob o tema A fala de Formosa/GO: a pronúncia das vogais médias pretônicas, dedica-se a três questões estreitamente interligadas: (i) situar a fala de Formosa no panorama lingüístico brasileiro, tendo como ponto de referência a pronúncia das vogais médias /e/ e /o/ em posição pretônica; (ii) analisar a variação das vogais médias pretônicas entre as três variantes detectadas, a saber, abaixamento [E O], elevação [i u] e manutenção da pronúncia média-fechada [e o], sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Variação Lingüística delineada por Weinreich, Labov & Herzog (1968) e Labov (1972); (iii) relacionar os fenômenos fonológicos da elevação e do abaixamento na fala de Formosa com a discussão existente entre três modelos teóricos distintos acerca da mudança sonora: o neogramático, o difusionista (Oliveira, 1991; Viegas, 1995) e o dos exemplares (Bybee, 2002). A análise dos dados, coletados em 14 entrevistas, verificou o efeito de variáveis lingüísticas e extralingüísticas, como contexto vocálico seguinte, segmentos precedentes e seguintes, acento secundário, contato com Brasília e tipo de discurso. A variação das vogais médias pretônicas se mostrou um fenômeno complexo, cujas influências foram além dos fatores fonológicos. Tiveram relevância, também, fatores como a freqüência e a classe gramatical do item lexical. Dentre os fatores sociais, destacou-se a classe socioeconômica do falante. O estudo mostrou, ainda, que a variedade lingüística falada em Formosa se enquadra no subfalar baiano (Nascentes, 1953), embora o índice de abaixamento seja menor que o de variedades faladas na Bahia. __________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This dissertation, about the theme The speak of Formosa-GO: the pronunciation of the middle unstressed vowels, dedicate itself to three questions, interconnected between them: (i) To establish the speak of Formosa on the Brazilian linguistic panorama, having as reference point the middle vowels /e/ and /o/ in unstressed position; (ii) To analyze the variation of the middle unstressed vowels between the three detected variants, namely, lowing [E O], elevation [i u] and maintenance of the pronunciation middle-closed [e o], about the perspective of Theory of Linguistic Variation delineated by Weinreich, Labov & Herzog (1968) and Labov (1972); (iii) To relate the phonetics phenomena of the raising and the lowing on the speak of Formosa with the discussion existent between three different theory models about the sound change: the neogrammarian, the lexical diffusion (Oliveira, 1991; Viegas, 1995) and the exemplar model (Bybee, 2002). The data analyses, collected in 14 interviews, found out the effect of linguistics and extra linguistics variables, as next vocally context, precedent and subsequent segments, secondary accent, contact with Brasília and type of speech. The variation of the middle unstressed vowels showed itself a complex phenomenon, whose influences were beyond of the phonetic facts. Had prominence, also, factors as the frequency and the grammatical class of the lexical item. Among the social factors, detached itself the talker social economic class. The study showed, still, that the variety linguistic talked in Formosa fit itself on the native of Bahia sub talk (Nascentes, 1953), thought the index of lower be less than the varieties talked on Bahia.

A Fuzeta, de remanescente cariz Mediterrânico, é uma vila do litoral Algarvio, que vive essencialmente da proximidade entre a terra e o mar. É, por isso, um lugar bastante desejado, tanto pela população residente, como por forasteiros. A sua história é constantemente marcada por momentos de grande estabilidade e prosperidade, que rapidamente se alteram, provocando mudanças consideráveis para a população e refletindo-se numa acelerada transformação da morfologia urbana e arquitetónica. Caracterizado por uma forte e acelerada dinâmica natural, o território da vila e da sua envolvente lagunar - sistema lagunar da ria formosa - convoca intuitivamente um manancial de sensações e empatias, que convidam à redescoberta de uma paisagem intemporal e intrinsecamente ligada à sua génese geológica. Um sítio com uma ancestral disponibilidade de recursos naturais, que potenciou a ocupação humana e a sua significação enquanto lugar. Revelam-se assim valores ecológicos, ambientais e culturais de grande riqueza e paradoxal fragilidade, que só podem ser apreendidos e invocados, enquanto lhes for permitida a existência e conservação, num equilíbrio natural constante. Encarar a “efemeridade” e “dinâmica” pré-existentes, como conceitos arquitetónicos capazes de provocar novas abordagens de projeto, validar os saberes e a compreensão do território, e garantir a multidisciplinaridade numa perspetiva integrada de eficiência e sustentabilidade, acaba por ser uma grande oportunidade de derivação e reencontro com os valores intrínsecos do lugar, permitindo assim projetar novos horizontes; ABSTRACT: Vila da Fuzeta, between sea and land. Reveal Architectures, paths and lagoon horizons Fuzeta, of remnant Mediterranean character, is a village on the Algarve coast, that lives essentially from the proximity between the land and the sea. That's why it is a place much desired by both the resident population, as well as by outsiders. Its history is constantly marked by moments of great stability e prosperity, which quickly change, provoking considerable changes to the population and reflecting itself in an accelerated transformation of urban and architectural morphology. Characterized by a strong and accelerated natural dynamic, the village's territory e its surrounding lagoon - Ria Formosa's lagoon system - intuitively summons a wealth of sensations and empaths that invite the rediscovery of a timeless landscape and intrinsically linked to its geological genesis. A site with an ancestral availability of natural resources, which enhanced its human occupation and its significance as a place. Ecological, environmental and cultural values of great wealth and paradoxical fragility are revealed, which can only be apprehended and invoked, as long as they are allowed to exist and be preserved, in a constant natural balance. Facing the pre-existing ephemerality and dynamics, such as architectural concepts capable of provoking new approaches to the project, validating the knowledge and understanding of the territory and ensuring multidisciplinarity in an integrated perspective of efficiency and sustainability, turns out to be a great opportunity for derivation and reunion with the intrinsic values of the place, allowing to project new horizons.

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Nelson Y. Nakajima
Coorientador : Drª. Patrícia Póvoa de Mattos
Coorientador : Prof. Dr. Nelson Carlos Rosot
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. Defesa: Curitiba, 31/08/2016
Inclui referências : f. 48-58
Área de concentração : Manejo florestal
Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar o incremento e o volume de três espécies nativas do Cerrado, para subsidiar estudos diversos de silvicultura, visando manejo e recuperação de áreas degradadas. O estudo foi realizado em área de Cerrado sob domínio do Exército Brasileiro no município de Formosa, Goiás. Foram selecionados 15 indivíduos adultos por tipo de solo de três espécies: Dimorphandra mollis, Kielmeyera corriacea e Qualea grandiflora. Estas foram cubadas, para cálculo do volume de madeira individual pelo método de Smalian. Discos a 1,30 m de altura foram coletados, secos e lixados para marcação e medição dos anéis de crescimento em oito raios de cada disco. As séries de crescimento foram datadas entre raios e entre árvores. Foram testados 7 modelos de volume e 5 de crescimento. Foi determinado o incremento em diâmetro das três espécies estudadas neste trabalho, sendo D. mollis a que apresentou maior incremento médio nos últimos 5 anos. K. corriacea foi a espécie que apresentou maior incremento médio anual (IMA) no Latossolo Vermelho e Q. grandiflora a que apresentou menor IMA no Latossolo Amarelo. As três espécies selecionadas apresentam potencial uso em recuperação de áreas degradadas por apresentarem crescimento satisfatório em solos de baixa fertilidade. Os modelos que apresentaram o melhor ajuste para estimativa do volume em madeira foram Kopezki-Gehrardt, Husch e Hohenald_Krenn para D. mollis, K. coriaceae e Q. grandiflora, respectivamente. Os modelos de crescimento que apresentaram melhor ajuste foram Johnson-Schumacher, para D. mollis e K. coriaceae, e Monomolecular, para Q. grandiflora. Não houve variação dos modelos de crescimento e volume selecionados, em função do tipo de solo, para as três espécies estudadas. Palavras-chave: Dendrocronologia, manejo florestal, Dimorphandra mollis, Kielmeyera corriacea e Qualea grandiflora.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the growth and volume of three native species of the Cerrado, to support various studies of silviculture, aimed at management and recovery of degraded areas. The study was carried on Savanna area belonging to Brazilian Army in the Formosa District, Goias. It was selected 15 adult trees by type of soil from three species: Dimorphandra mollis, Kielmeyera corriacea and Qualea grandiflora. For these species were calculated individual timber volume by Smalian method. DBH discs were collected, dried and sanding for marking and measuring growth rings in eight radius direction of each disc. Growth series were dated between radius and between trees. Seven volume models and 5 growth models were tested. It was determined the increase in diameter of the three species studied in this work, and D. mollis presented the highest mean increase in the last five years. K. corriacea was the species with the highest mean annual increase (MAI) on Latossolo Vermelho and Q. grandiflora presented the lowest MAI on Latossolo Amarelo. The three selected species have potential use in land recovery of degraded areas for presenting satisfactory growth in low fertility soils. The models that presented the best fit to estimate the volume of wood were Kopezki-Gehrardt, Husch and Hohenald-Krenn to D. mollis, K. coriaceae and Q. grandiflora, respectively. The growth models that presented the best fit were: Johnson-Schumacher to D. mollis and K. coriaceae and Monomolecular to Q. grandiflora. There was no change of the selected models of growth and volumes according to type of soil, for the three species. Keywords: Dendrochronology, forest management, Dimorphandra mollis, Kielmeyera corriacea and Qualea grandiflora.

This study assed the impacts of 17α-ethinylestradiol in Heterandria formosa. These impacts were addressed through chronic, life-cycle exposures of individuals and populations of least killifish to 0, 5, or 25ng/L EE2. Development, growth, reproduction, survival, and population dynamics were monitored and evaluated for EE2 effects on their health, reproductive success, and population sustainability.

Exposing pairs of least killifish to EE2 resulted in similar increases in time-to-sexual maturity for both sexes. The EE2-exposure had a sex-dependent effect on body size, with standard lengths and wet weights of females significantly reduced and standard lengths of males markedly increased. Offspring production decreased by 50% and 75% for fish exposed to 5 and 25ng/L EE2 respectively. Sexual development was even further delayed in EE2-exposed offspring of exposed fish. EE2-exposure also affected the gonadal and liver development in least killifish. Males exposed to EE2 had delayed sperm maturation and severe intersex (a phenomenon in which eggs and sperm are produced within the same male). These effects were more severe at the 5ng/L than at the 25ng/L EE2 concentration. Exposing females to EE2 resulted in delayed egg maturation. Furthermore, EE2 exposure resulted in changes in liver morphology in both males and females. For both the delay in egg maturation and the changes in liver morphology, the effects were strongest at the higher EE2 concentration.

Effects of chronic EE2-exposure on populations were assessed at the 5ng/L concentration. EE2-exposure caused significant reductions in population size and population growth rates, and caused other changes in population dynamics. Exposed populations had a pronounced female-biased sex ratio and significantly reduced abundances of males and newborns. These responses were observed within one breeding season.

This is the first report demonstrating a variety of negative impacts resulting from chronic EE2-exposure in least killifish at both the individual and population levels. Effects were evident in all stages of development and in all life history stages. This study demonstrated that, similar to the case for other fish, live-bearing fish are likely to be severely affected when their environment becomes contaminated by EE2 and that steps are needed to prevent exposure to this endocrine disrupting chemical.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Etologia
Foram analisados aspectos do comportamento reprodutor de uma população de Salaria povo (Pisces: Bleniiidae) que se reproduz numa área onde os locais adequados ao estabelecimento de ninhos se distribuem de forma agregada. Os ninhos são estabelecidos em cavidades de tijolos colocados intertidalmente e os machos parentais permanecem no seu interior durante os periodos de baixa-mar. Nem todas as cavidades são adequadas ao estabelecimento de ninhos e a sua escassez limita o número de machos que guardam ovos, havendo um excedente de machos adultos que não consegue estabelecer ninhos. Outros machos mais pequenos apresentam características fenotípicas e comportamentais muito semelhantes às fêmeas e tentam reproduzir-se entrando sorrateiramente nos ninhos dos machos parentais, no momento em que se encontra uma fêmea no seu interior. A escassez de ninhos limita igualmente as oportunidades para as fêmeas desovarem, traduzindo-se na sua total predisposição para cortejar e desovar. Fizeram-se inspeções ao local em periodos de baixa-mar, para caracterização dos ninhos e respectivos machos ocupantes, e em periodos de preia-mar para registo das actividades comportamentais ocorridas em seu redor. Estas observações foram complementadas com a análise de vídeos filmados a cinco ninhos. Os principais resultados foram: 1) uma sensível redução da área territorial defendida pelos machos parentais, acompanhada de uma extrema redução da agressividade entre machos com ninhos vizinhos. 2) uma forte competição entre machos adultos pela ocupação das cavidades adequadas ao estabelecimento de ninhos. 3) uma intensa competição entre fêmeas associada a uma forte selectividade por parte dos machos na admição de fêmeas cortejantes aos ninhos. 4) uma distribuição não aleatória das cortes de fêmeas pelos ninhos, havendo ninhos com machos receptivos pouco cortejados e ninhos com machos pouco receptivos mas muito disputados agonisticamente entre fêmeas. 5) uma distribuição não aleatória das actividades agonísticas iniciadas por cada categoria de peixes, em zonas com diferentes distâncias aos ninhos. 6) diferentes níveis de agressividade dos machos parentais para com as fêmeas e para com os machos numéricos nas zonas mais próximas dos ninhos. Nesta população a forte competição intra-sexual nos dois sexos parece ser acompanhada de uma intensa selecção inter-sexual nos dois sentidos. Esta situação só pode ser explicada pela escassez de cavidades adequadas ao estabelecimento de ninhos e por uma elevada variância na qualidade dos indivíduos nos dois sexos.
Inexistente

The following report is a description of the pre-production, production and post-production of the short film “Formosa, TX”, made in Marfa and Coupland, Texas in 2012. The film is a study of living Asian American in small town Texas.
text

碩士
東海大學
生命科學系
96
We used an endemic Formosan damselfly, Euphaea formosa (Insecta: Odonata: Euphaeidae) in Taiwan to investigate the pattern of contemporary population genetic structure using both mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (COII) and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes, and to discuss geohistorical events and life history characteristics that may have contributed to the observed patterns. Our results suggested that there was substantial gene flow among populations. Two distinct haplotype clades, one western restricted and one widespread clade, were identified based on COII phylogeny. The COII western clade, which showed a significant isolation by distance pattern, may colonize Taiwan due greatly to recent glacial events. Historical demography estimated using Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) and mismatch distribution showed a pattern of recent population expansion. Significant negative Tajima’s D and Fu’s FS values coupled with star-like networks of COII widespread clade and ITS also indicate population expansion. We conclude that the colonization and demographic expansion of damselfly populations were likely the result of increased available habitats during late Pleistocene.

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
翻譯研究所
101
This study focuses on translations of the 19th century Western travel writing on Formosa between 1945 and 2012. In 1860, the opening of treaty ports in Taiwan drew plenty of Western visitors, who produced numerous travel narratives documenting their journeys. Yet it was not until the second half of the 20th century that Mandarin Chinese translation of these historical records emerged in Taiwan. They can be roughly divided into two periods. During the first period (1945-1987), translation works were limited and mostly published by government agencies, the most prominent of which was the Division of Economic Research of the Bank of Taiwan. Because of publication regulations and strict censorship under martial law, translations of 19th century Western travel writing ground to a halt after the 1970s. Only when martial law was lifted in 1987 did the second period (1988-2012) start. Since the 1990s, with the rise of “Taiwanese consciousness,” Taiwan studies have been attached great importance. Not only were previous works re-translated, but translations of several newly discovered records started to circulate in Taiwan as well. This study tries to outline how this genre was introduced to Taiwan from the perspectives of patrons, translators, paratext, rewriting and the value of the translations as a whole, and aims to explore how these texts, originally serving the interests of the empires, evolved into reference books for the ruling regime during the first period and even became a window onto the modern history of Taiwan in the second period, further enhancing Taiwanese consciousness.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
水產養殖學系
97
This study aimed at investigating three conservation issues on Formosa landlocked salmon: (i) the phylogenetic relationship between Formosa landlocked salmon and other subspecies of Masu salmon complex (Oncorhynchus masou complex), (ii) the genetic diversity that exists in Formosa landlocked salmon, and (iii) the estimation of the sex ratio of Formosa landlocked salmon. The phylogenetic tree is reconstructed based on AFLP data and by using neighbor-joining method and Nei's genetic distance. In this tree, Biwa salmon (O. m. subsp.) and Amago salmon (O. m. ishikawae) are clustered first, Masu salmon (O. m. masou) are clustered second, and finally Formosa landlocked salmon (O. m. formosanus) are jointed to this cluster. The high bootstrap values at each node indicate that this tree is robust. The results show that instead of dividing from Msau salmon, Formosa landlocked salmon is the first subspecies divided from ancestor of Masu salmon complex. Formosa landlocked salmon is considered as an evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) due to geographic separation and genetic differentiation among Masu salmon complex. Furthermore, several subspecies specific bands, which are helpful for distinguishing subspecies from each other, are found in each member of Masu salmon complex. Genetic diversity of Formosa landlocked salmon in Chichiawan Stream are examined by using AFLP and Microsatellite markers. For consecutive two years (2004 and 2005), a total of fifty-eight individuals (thirty in 2004 and twenty-eight in 2005) were examined. Of twenty-seven Microsatellite loci, only one locus was polymorphic with two alleles while others were monomorphic. The average He are 0.0071 and 0.0067, respectively. One hundred and ninety six loci were detected using three AFLP selective primer pairs, of which fifty-eight were polymorphic with a proportion of 29.59%. The average He are 0.0045 and 0.054, respectively. Both Microsatellite and AFLP data show the low genetic diversity in Formosa landlocked salmon. Comparison of allele frequency of fifty-eight AFLP polymorphic loci between two years, eighteen (about one third) of the amplified polymorphic loci became fixed (p = 100%) or lost (p = 0%) and another sixteen (about one third) was changed in the 2005 population. The results indicate that Formosa landlocked salmon are losing genetic diversity due to genetic drift. In this study, a simple, reliable, non-invasive PCR method is developed to identify sex of Formosa landlocked salmon. The reliability of sex identification is 98.40% (1.60% mismatch; two mismatches in 125 individuals) for Formosa landlocked salmon. The sex ratios (male/female) of field Formosa landlocked salmon from 2004 to 2008 were 0.59, 0.50, 1.19, 0.57 and 0.72, respectively. The sex ratio of 2007 was significant differed from 1:1 (p<0.05). The results indicate the sex ratio of Formosa landlocked salmon is not consistent with 1:1. Biased sex ratio has to be considered when effective population size is counted. In summary, Formosa landlocked salmon is an ESU of Masu salmon complex and should be conserved. In conservation program, AFLP and sex marker are useful tools for genetic management and conserving maximum genetic diversity.

碩士
國立清華大學
臺灣研究教師在職進修碩士學位班
104
Abstract This thesis discusses Sheng Wu "Notes of ChouShui River", Xin-Yao Huang documentary "Nimbus", Jiny-Uan Ke "Formosa vs. Formosa", Sheng-Xiong Zhong and Zhen-Tang Xu collaborative photography "South Wind". Through the four literature and image texts with a cross-referenced research method, I focus on discussing the issue of environmental ethics of ChouShui River estuary. The second chapter focuses to discuss the environmental ethics in writing of "Notes of ChouShui River", sorts out the creation process of Sheng Wu, and tries to make the different interpretation from previous commentators. In addition, I'll try to find out his rustic aesthetics. "Water, Soil and rice" are attributed to the three elements of environmental ethics in "Notes of ChouShui River". With such attempts, I try to reconstruct ideal and feasible environmental ethics. The third chapter focuses on the two environmental documentaries, "Nimbus" and "Formosa vs. Formosa," with a comparative method to discuss the issue of environmental justice of ChouShui River estuary. These two documentaries respectively emphasize the aspect of aesthetics and politics, which thereby, comes with distinctively artistic and political influences and results. Therefore, I discuss with the two films from aesthetical and political viewpoints. Furthermore, by discussing documentaries, we anticapate reflections and expantion on the area of contemporary environmental ethics. The fourth chapter focuses on the documentary photography "South Wind". The author will explore the possibility and impossibility of documentary photography, and the potential position of "South Wind" in the development history of documentary photography in Taiwan. Meanwhile, I will also discuss with the two different perspectives of the two authors—Sheng-Xiong Zhong's "body perception" and Zhen-Tang Xu's "home feeling," with a comparison between their different subjects as well as artistic aesthetics. Among ChouShui River estuary, because of a long period domination of economic policies and industrial development, people living within have been suppressed and marginalized, and so have the river’s surroundings. Gradually, they fall victims of the civilization. As the longest river in Taiwan, the environmental issue of ChouShui River is actually a small but complete miniature of environmental problems in Taiwan. Meanwhile, an international environmental subject can also been reflected from domestic environmental problems. By disscussing and exploring some subjects in this thesis, I look forward to a brandnew interaction between the ever-devastating ecosystem and its residents just because human beings reflect again on the ethical living. Those aboriginals affected by environmental changes and growing disadvantaged gradually could get a chance to speak up with the gaze of writers or cameras.

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
財務管理研究所
99
The value of the money is a profit mean used to measure the stock value. The profit mean, is relying on the stock, and the holder can obtain economic benefits. In general, if the interests are larger, the value of the stock will be higher. Expected future price for the pursuit of profit in the stock market, however, the trend of the future stock price so far is difficult to predict so far. Investors in the stock market for investment, in order to be able to accurately predict the future trend of stock price index, using many of the technical analysis of the data, in the use of the data, how can accurately predict what is the real price Index, has long been unable to have a clear answer. In this study, we use Granger causality test, Root Mean Square Error, and impulse response function to drow out the information flow within the company. Leading to the private sector ─ Formosa Plastics Group, standing on the investor''s perspective investment Formosa Plastics, what is the reference of the leading indicators. In the interaction among the group, who is the most rapid responsiveness of information?How to estimate the Formosa Plastics Group, the trend in the share price, find investing in stocks of capital gains. The empirical results show that information is passed by the Formosa Petrochemical Corporation to Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Formosa Plastics Corporation, and then passed to the fluctuations in stock prices caused a significant association. Most strategic alliances within the group to interact or cross-shareholdings, information because the market there are not so prone to contrast the phenomenon of the relationship between the leading backward, we can use to pass information to speculate about the future effects of stock price movements.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
歷史學研究所
89
In 1624 the Dutch East Indies Company established a factory in Taiwan to gain access to the Chinese market and cut off trade between Manila and China. Starting out as a trading post the Taiwan Factory consolidated its position on the island after submitting the surrounding aboriginal villages in 1636. This transformation into a land-based colony was accompanied by rapid economic development in international trade, construction, agriculture, fishing and hunting. By looking how Dutch-Chinese economic relations were forged this dissertation researches the underlying mechanisms that made this rapid economic expansion possible. Colonial authorities offered military protection and set up a legal system, thereby creating a framework in which investors could thrive. Dutch and Chinese entrepreneurs took advantage of this framework by investing in agriculture, trade, construction etc. In fact colonial authorities and entrepreneurs depended on each other, cooperating closely to achieve a common goal: making profit. Although colonial authorities wielded military and political power, entrepreneurs were in charge of the economic development. The latter attracted large numbers of Chinese laborers to the colony, employing them in their business-undertakings. As such the entrepreneurs functioned as intermediaries between the colonial administration and Chinese settlers.

碩士
國立屏東大學
視覺藝術學系碩士班
104
Life is always full of unexpected accidents, such as what the concept of black swan theory has mentioned, and things that are most unlikely to occur turn out to take place unexpectedly. Energy is closely related to our daily life and we tend to regard it for granted, which forms a great contrast, that is, the more convenient our life is, the poorer living quality we lead. In 2011, the nuclear power plant in Fukushima was severely damaged by the earthquake caused by the tsunami. And the occurrence of this event drew attention all over the world. The problem of nuclear waste on Orchid Island has not reached a better solution, which caused heated debate in Taiwan. This study would like to do more research on how the nuclear energy influences environment, human, economy, technology, and further raises other related issues. This paper contains an introduction with the conclusion divided into five chapters to discuss the relevant literature between creative thinking. The researchers contemplate the influence the nuclear power has from the spectator’s point of view. Some works convey the creation of self-imagining from the researcher and were brought onto the painting in surrealistic way. Everything seems to be unreasonable rationalization picture arrangement, which also allows the audience to be full of imagination. In the process of doing this research, inspiration and thoughts are constantly changing and reflecting. After discussions with experts, it adds enormous help to the creation. The researcher adapts oil painting to creating, with which the painting can be stacked layers of paint, presented with strong coverage. In addition, the creators themselves like to play with a sense of color between colors, which would spread a kind of hazy beauty, accurately conveying the inner enlightenment from the researcher.

Lagoas costeiras são habitats muito importantes para várias espécies de peixe, pois elas atuam como ambiente de desenvolvimento de juvenis de peixes de diversas espécies, incluindo muitas com valor comercial. Por isso, a preservação das lagoas costeiras é importante para a manutenção da diversidade de comunidades de peixes. Apesar disso, muitos destes ecossistemas foram destruídos em todo o mundo devido à atividade humana. As ervas marinhas crescem em fundos arenosos ou lamacentos, sendo ecossistemas altamente produtivos, fornecendo alimento e proteção para diversos peixes e invertebrados. Porém, as pradarias de ervas marínhas têm sofrido um declínio, uma vez que são extremamente sensíveis a fatores estressantes, sendo já sugeridos como os indicadores biológicos da qualidade ecológica dos sistemas costeiros. Sabe-se pouco sobre o impacto deste declínio nas comunidades de peixe que utilizam este tipo de ambiente para viver. Por isso, é importante analisar a importância relativa das ervas marinhas como berçário. No Mediterrâneo, houve um declinio de pradarias de ervas marinhas que foram substituídos por algas verdes, como Caulerpa. Estudos recentes mostraram a expansão da Caulerpa prolifera, do sul da Espanha para os canais da Ria Formosa. Se os campos de ervas marinhas forem substituídos por C. prolifera, a quantidade e qualidade das espécies de peixe poderá sofrer alterações. Alguns estudos descobriram que as áreas de C. prolifera são habitats altamente ricas que suportam juvenis de várias espécies de peixes e que deveriam ser considerados um viveiro tão importante quanto as pradarias de ervas marinhas. As comunidades de peixes nos campos de C .prolifera não eram tão diferentes das pradarias de plantas marinhas. Porém, não há muitos estudos acerca deste assunto e por isso é necassário analisar os impactos ecológicos da expansão de C. prolifera na Ria Formosa. Áreas sem vegetação são consideradas habitats menos importantes comparados com áreas cobertas por ervas marinhas, e há vários estudos que apoiam este argumento ao reportarem uma diversidade de peixe mais elevada em áreas com vegetação do que em áreas sem vegetação. Porém, também foi reportado de que os fundos arenosos são habitats de alta importância, tal como os fundos com vegetação. Adicionalmente, em algumas casos descobriu-se que alguns peixes vivem exclusivamente em áreas sem vegetação. Investigar a escolha de habitat pelas espécies peixe é uma maneira de determinar a importância relativa dos diferentes habitats. Habitats variam de acordo com sua complexidade estrutural, nível de competição interespecífica e risco de predação, e estes fatores influenciam a escolha habitacional do peixe. Diferentes adaptações podem modificar a escolha de habitação. Consequentemente, a preferência habitacional do peixe varia entre espécies e diferentes agrupamentos são típicos de diferentes habitats. Por exemplo, áreas vegetativas como as ervas marinhas e macroalgas estão associadas a uma abundância dos recursos alimentares e baixas probabilidades de predação relativamente às áreas sem vegetação, ao fornecer um refúgio. Todavia, algumas espécies têm adaptações específicas, como cor de camuflagem ou a habilidade de cavar, e não precisam da vegetação para esconder-se de predadores. A estrutura e densidade das pradarias de ervas marinhas podem afetar a disponibilidade de comida e a eficiência do refúgio, o que também pode ser um fator na escolha de habitat. Por exemplo, os limites destes campos são a escolha preferida das marinhas (Syngnathidae) por terem uma disponibilidade maior de alimento. Enquanto isso, outras espécies podem considerar as áreas de pouca densidade pouco eficiente para proteção e alimentação. Adicionalmente, a escolha de habitat costuma variar de acordo com a fase de desenvolvimento do indivíduo. Por isso, a diferença de agrupamentos poderá ocorrer também entre indivíduos da mesma espécie, mas de tamanhos diferentes, já que algumas espécies apresentam comportamento de migração ontogenética ao longo do ciclo anual. Mudanças sazonais nos agrupamentos também podem ocorrer devido a mudanças em condições ambientais. Por exemplo, mudanças temporais nas estruturas cobertas por plantas e na densidade da vegetação. Por causa disto, é difícil fazer a avaliação do valor de diferentes habitats para diferentes espécies de peixe. Comparações entre diferentes agrupamentos de peixe em diferentes tipos de habitat na lagoa costeira da Ria Formosa aumentará o nosso entendimento relativamente ao valor das áreas de ervas marinhas, C. prolifera, e fundos sem vegetação. Este estudo comparou comunidades de peixe nestes 3 habitats, assim como avaliou o efeito das mudanças sazonais e variações ontogenéticas dos agrupamentos, para além de aprofundar o entendimento sobre a importância relativa e a função de berçário de cada um destes habitats para as comunidades de peixe. Também, poderá aprofundar o que se sabe sobre os possíveis impactos da invasão da espécie Caulerpa em pradarias de plantas marinhas mundialmente. Nossos resultados encontraram uma biodiversidade significativamente menor em habitats arenosos comparado com os dois outros tipos de habitat. O habitat de ervas marinhas tinha a maior abundância e era o mais rico quando se comparava com habitats de C. prolifera e areia, embora não hovesse diferença estatística significativa. É provável que isto seja devido a grande variabilidade entre cada estação sazonal em que foram coletadas as amostras e entre as duas réplicas dentre da estação, particularmente no habitat arenoso. Os resultados são parecidos com os de outras comparações entre áreas com e sem vegetação tanto na Ria Formosa quanto em outras partes do mundo. Nossos resultados mostraram que mudanças sazonais na abundância de peixe e diversidade não são significativamente afetados pelo tipo de habitat, embora fossem encontrados variações sazonais em vários testes. Não houve diferença significativa em testes de semelhança, sugerindo que a maioria das espécies é capaz de utilizar todos os 3 tipos de habitat. Encontrou-se uma alta semelhança entre estações de C. prolifera de ervas marinhas, ao contrário da alta separação com o habitat arenoso. Não houve uma diferença significativa entre os três habitats em relação à abundância de juvenis de peixes, mas sim uma grande semelhança entre os agrupamentos de juvenis, sugerindo que os 3 habitats poderão atuar como berçário para a maior parte das espécies de peixe. Apesar disso, os resultados não foram estaticamente significantes, fazendo com que a avaliação de cada habitat como berçário seja bastante limitado. Nas amostras coletadas durante o verão, houve um acréscimo na abundância de juvenis marítimos em todos os tipos de habitat, o que significa que esta estação é a mais importante para a Ria Formosa atuar como berçário em todos os tipos de habitat. O maior aumento de juvenis marinhos foi encontrado na areia durante o verão, com proporção de 88:12 juvenis comparado com espécies residents, sugerindo que a importancia relativa do habitat arenoso varia durante as estações. Não encontramos nenhuma mudança ontogenética significativa entre as 8 espécies mais abundantes que coletamos. C. prolifera foi a pradaria mais densa e teve o maior comprimento médio dos peixes. Porém, os resultados de densidade foram altamente variados entre réplicas, provavelmente devido a grande irregularidade de distribuição de vegetação que caracteriza este tipo de habitat. Diferenças sazonais de comprimento de peixe foram significativas, provavelmente devido a preferência de certas espécies e não às funções de berçário, uma vez que a abundância de juvenis de peixes no verão era mais alto neste habitat. Nossos resultados indicam de que a temporada de verão é altamente importante para um berçário e recrutamento em todos os habitats e a importância relativa do berçário varia ao longo do ano, especialmente no habitat arenoso. A invasão da espécie C. prolifera nos fundos sem vegetação na Ria pode afetar o recrutamento algumas espécies, sendo necessário investigar mais para obter resultados precisos que ajudarão nas decisões de gestão e conservação.
Coastal lagoons support many fish species including of some valuable commercial fish species. Protecting coastal habitats is important to maintain the diversity of fish populations, thus it is important to asses relative important of the different habitats that those areas provide. Seagrasses are marine plants growing on sandy or muddy bottoms, they are highly productive habitat types, providing food and shelter for diverse invertebrates and fish assemblages. However, seagrass meadows have been experiencing widespread decline as they are sensitive to environmental stressors. Little is known about how these declines are affecting fish communities associated to seagrass habitats. Caulerpa seaweeds have expended in many areas outcompeting seagrass meadows. If seagrass meadows are replaced by seaweed the fish assemblages may be altered. In some studies fish assemblages in Caulerpa meadows were not significantly different then in seagrass beds. Thus, the role of macroalgae have received little attention and not many comparisons had been conducted. This study aims to investigate the relative importance of sand, Seagrass, and Caulerpa prolifera habitats, and provides insights regarding the effects of C. prolifera invasion over sand and seagrass habitats along the year, as habitats relative importance varied between seasons. Our results found Sand habitats significantly less diverse then the other two habitats, and seasonality changes in the fish abundance and diversity were not significantly affected by the habitat type. Summer had the highest juvenile abundance in all habitats. Although seagrass was the richest and most abundant habitat, differences were not significant. Moreover, our results showed that most species can utilize all 3 habitat types, and that nursery value changes along the year, especially in sand habitat. Our results showed high variability between replicates which probably affected the significance of the results. Therefore more research must be performed to obtain accurate results regarding nurseries and the relative importance of different habitats.

碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
107
Most of us have an unforgettable memory of the smell and the taste that takes us back to childhood. Riding on a delightful colored food bike cart, “Formosa Bites on Wheels” is bringing our favorite childhood snack - wheel cakes with a variety of flavors to the Netherlands, where we shared a historical connection through Dutch Formosa in the 17th century and have developed a flourishing trade relationship over years. It was during the Dutch colonial time that the Dutch East India Company (VOC) began to farm sugarcane and rice for export. On the other hand, wheel cakes are traditional Taiwanese snacks and became popular these years especially in some metropolitan cities such as London and New York. “Formosa Bites on Wheels” will establish our E-bike food cart at Markthal, Rotterdam in the Netherland by offering Taiwanese snacks - wheel cakes and 100% BIO Taiwanese tea-based drinks with the service of online ordering and delivery, taking part in food festivals and social events as well as Asian catering service in the long run. According to the survey of the diet of the Dutch, out-of-home-consumption accounted for 31.7% of the total food expenditure with an average annual growth rate 3.7% until 2021. Furthermore, the food service sectors of home delivery and street stalls are booming and expected to increase by roughly 8% and 3% respectively. We plan to develop a variety of creative flavors by stamping our designed logos for different flavors to allure our customers’ imagination and make the tasty journey unforgettable. On the other hand, the Netherlands government has launched a new scheme to cut food waste by half in 2030 compared to the 2015 figure. Our team believes that we can all play an active role to reduce food waste for the benefits of our community and supporting the policy. Therefore, we’ll strictly source ingredients locally and choose green vendors complied with environmental and social goals, as well as control inventory to optimize our operational process in a sustainable way. Our diverse wheel cake menu will include Taiwanese classic flavors and daily specials depending on the surplus ingredients from local markets and supermarkets. Except for wheel cakes, we’ll be serving Taiwanese tea as a symbol of greeting friends, as well as a tea drinking habit fits well with a healthy lifestyle in the Netherlands. Although the Netherlands is a relatively small country with about 17 million inhabitants, it is Europe’s fifth largest consumer of tea. Tea consumption amounted to 9 thousand tons in 2015, with around 90% of all inhabitants drinking tea. Consumers are increasingly interested in green tea, rooibos, herbal/traditional medicinal tea and slimming tea due to growing health awareness in the Netherlands. Rotterdam is a thriving dynamic city with a wealth of cultures and ethnicities from all over the world comprising more than 170 nationalities, where consumers are more diverse with high willingness to try new things. In terms of high-footfall area (an average of 150,000 visitors a week and 76% of the visitors makes a purchase), our primary selling point is chosen to be in the center of Rotterdam by placing our food cart at Markthal, right next to the largest open market in Europe and the transit of railway and metro station. Furthermore, our target customers are Millennials who have a strong preference for convenience, as well as put a high priority on health, wellness and social awareness, resulting in not only sharing but also influencing via social media at the same time. In the long term, “Formosa Bites on Wheels” plans to gather Taiwanese fellows who have a great passion for promoting Taiwanese culture and cuisine, building up a firm relation with Taiwanese associations in the Netherlands. “No food catering” is designed to turn leftover into a delicious meal by sharing simple homemade recipe along with offering Asian catering services for corporations, campus or private events. As a whole, we are commit to taking action on food reduction from farm to fork and make a positive impact in our community. Our operational plan will be firstly setting up our own website and social media platforms, offering online ordering and delivery for the first three months. Secondly, our fixed stand in the central market will run by a part-time and a full-time employee, promoting a sustainable mobile cuisine to attend green festivals and sustainable food truck events during summertime. Thirdly, our team will provide Taiwanese and Asian recipes online and catering service offline at a workshop, corporate events and campus activities. Meanwhile, we’ll structurally reduce food waste from farm to fork in our food preparation and catering services by sourcing ingredients locally and choosing green vendors in supply chain management, and can eventually bring benefits to our community. The estimated six-month period startup expenses can bootstrap by our owner of the company, which is approximately €26,600. The main initial costs derived from the rent in the central market and wages due to a high income economy. Since our business starts with our online operation for the first three months, our sales will be projected for nine months generated from our fixed stand and demand forecast is aligned with the growth percentage in street stall sector from 2020. To reach a breakeven point, the weekly sold quantities should be 385, 410, 415 units for snacks and 428, 455, 461 units for beverages over a three-year period of 2019, 2020 and 2021. Based on sales forecast and estimated annual costs, gross profit margin can reach 62.5% for snacks and 54.55% for beverages until 2021. Correspondingly, our breakeven annual sales are estimated to generate total revenue of €95,159.98, €135,078.66 and €136,823.57 during the first three years. In the first year of operation, our projected sales can reach a break-even point for almost six months, which will roughly be achieved by the end of September. To sum up, our business can be profitable by running step by step from online to offline operation, combining strategic marketing tools and realizing sustainable practices. At “Formosa Bites on wheels”, we aim to extend our connection with our local communities in the Netherlands towards bringing Taiwanese cuisine and culture while achieving a better and more circular food system.

This study shows techniques for reducing hyperhydricity in the micropropagation of Sturt's desert pea. The effects of support matrix, tube closure and cytokinin regime are examined and the anatomy of hyperhydric shoots is investigated
Thesis (M.Ag.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Plant Science, 1995

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
105
With the advancements in the Internet and the growing popularity of mobile phones over the past few years, the Formosa Plastics Group is actively finding ways on how they can build a new warehouse and establish novel logistics management practices to provide real value to their clients and to achieve a win–win business model. Outdated ecosystems will only distance the existing businesses farther away from their customers. Managers of traditional enterprises assess the future of their industries and actively seek digital strategies to meet the needs of their customers. The most popular mobile device in Taiwan has become an international trend. Against this backdrop, Formosa has been aiming to build a new warehouse, replace its existing logistics management practices, and achieve a rapid and agile development within six months. They believe that the application of digital strategies can greatly contribute to their pursuit of such objectives. Management staff can use a warehouse storage mobile application to receive real-time updates on their warehouse storage status and select a path of optimization. High-level executives can also utilize the push function of this application to send alerts on abnormal equipment operations, improve their management efficiency regardless of time and place, monitor the movements of their employees, and assess user experience. With the help of cloud computing and GPS positioning function of vehicles, logistics managers can use this application to track the location of their drivers. Each car pictured in the application screen corresponds to a small company. Through its people-oriented information system, this application can also help drivers complete their distribution of goods and make on-site requests for logistics information. This work adopts the Harvard case study research method to discuss the related issues, such as intelligent and cyber-physical system integration, information isolated island, and digital enablement. This work will also explore how organizations can utilize real-time and agile mobile applications to manage their warehousing logistics and how an information isolated island environment can be used to activate resources and to integrate continuous IT innovation application services into traditional warehouse and logistics management.

碩士
國立中山大學
海洋資源學系
87
The marine sponge Strongylophora durissima was collected along seashore area of Kenting in Taiwan. Fractionation of the MeOH/CHCl3 extract by using silica gel column chromatography yielded five meroditerpe- noids, namely strongylophorines-1(1)、3(3)、8(8)、 9(14) and 10(15). The structures of these compounds were identified by UV、IR、MS、1D and 2D NMR. In ad- dition, strongylophorine-9(14) is a new compound and strongylophorine-10(15) is a peculiar natural product. However,the positions of benzene ring at C-17 and C-20 need to be further identified. This compound might be a precursor of meroditerpenoids via biosynthenic pathway. The cytotoxicities of the isolated compounds (compounds 1、3、8 and 14) against P-388、KB 16 and HT-29 were studied. Compounds 1 and 8 showed significant cytotoxicities against P-388 mouse leukemia cells at the ED50 0.1 and 0.3 μg/ml, respectively. The ED50 of 1 and 8 against KB 16 and HT-29 tumor cell lines were 1.4,3.5 and 0.8,0.6 μg/ml,respectively. Compound 14 was inactive in cytotoxicity test.

碩士
國立成功大學
建築研究所
81
The aims of this thesis are to explore the architectural inquiries of modern movement, the dominant factories and the modern language of architecture that were adopted in TAIWAN (FORMOSA). The process of architectural modernization in TAIWAN is NOT like that of the authentic Modernism which contained the characteristic of "Autonomy" and "Subjectivity" , but is a combination of the dominant power of the world''s mainstream, the authoritative system and the crisis of losing self-identity in TAIWAN. We can only define this phenomenon as "Mimic- modernization". The true Modernistic Movement of architecture in TAIWAN only existed incompletely and externally. So the analytical investigation of modern architecture in TAIWAN is to find out the modern (anti- traditional) language of architecture in TAIWAN, to explore the orginal sources, symbolic meanings and latter descendants. This thesis is devided into two parts: One(Chapter 1 & 2) is to study the concepts of--"Architectural language" and "Modern language", the investigation of the dominant factories at the beginning of architectural modernization in TAIWAN and to define the principles of surveying modern architecture in TAIWAN. The other (Chapter 3-7) is surveying of modern architecture in TAIWAN according to concrete architectural language.

碩士
國立東華大學
自然資源與環境學系
101
The mitten crab (Eriocheir formosa) is an endemic species in Taiwan distributed in rivers of eastern Taiwan and the Hengchun Peninsula. The reproductive season of this crab is from spring to summer in which the crab migrates to the sea for spawning. Commercial exploitation and habitat destruction have resulted in population decline of the species. Understanding reproductive maturity is essential for the conservation of the species. This study examined the reproductive biology of the mitten crab and focused on determinations of the oocyte developmental stages and ovarian maturity. Five hundred and thirty four individuals, 290 females and 244 males, were collected from February, 2011 to January, 2012 at Nanao in Yilan County and Xiulin in Hualien County. The female crabs, whose carapace width ranged from 55.35 mm to 71.36 mm, had 87,000 to 198,622 eggs per individual. Seven stages of oocyte development were determined from ovarian tissue sections: chromatin nucleus stage (CN), oil globule stage (OG), primary yolk globule stage (YG1), secondary yolk globule stage (YG2), prematuration stage (PM), maturation stage (M), and atretic oocytes stage (AO). Oocyte development in ovaries commenced in January and the PM stage egg was observed in March. Percentages of oocyte numbers of the PM and M stages in the ovary observed from April to July were mostly larger than 60%. The AO stage was observed in June in Nanao. Thus, the reproductive season of this crab commenced in January and its major reproductive season was from April to July. According to monthly variations of GSI, the peak of the crab’s reproductive season was in May. Since various developmental stages of oocytes were found in the ovary, ovarian development type of the crab is asynchronous with multiple spawning. Comparisons of the GSI and condition factor (CF) to the ovarian maturity showed that when the GSI was larger than 3.51, the female crab was mature. In contrast, CF is unsuitable to be an indicator of ovarian maturity. Female carapace width at 50% maturity (CW50) was estimated to be 52.90 mm using the relationship of logistic curve: P = 1 / (1+e10.632-0.201cw). According to ovarian appearance of color and shape, five periods were determined: transparent H period, purple H period, purple Y period, dark purple Y period, lilac Y period. Mean GSIs and ovarian maturity stages corresponding to these five ovarian appearance periods were 0.25, 0.74, 2.45, 5.56, and 1.27 with OG, YG1 to YG2, PM, M, and AO, respectively.

Dissertação de mestrado, Economia do Turismo e Desenvolvimento Regional, Faculdade de Economia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015
Birdwatching is a growing tourism sector worldwide. In the Algarve the potential for birdwatching activities is widely recognized, in particular in the Ria Formosa Natural Park (RFNP). This study aims to describe birdwatchers profile in RFNP and for that a survey was applied in “Quinta de Marim”. Regarding socio-economic characteristics of birdwatchers, the survey results show that the most important nationalities are: British (39%), Dutch (17%) and Portuguese (17%). The majority of birdwatchers are male (55%) and married (51%). The average age is 50 years old. They are highly educated (74% have an academic degree). Concerning profession, the most frequent answer was retired (41%). The study also analyses the willingness to pay to improve the overall conditions of the activity in “Quinta de Marim”. The results show that 92% of the birdwatchers would be willing to pay an entrance fee to fund birdwatching facilities at the location. On average they are willing to pay 4.29€. The environmental awareness of the respondents was examined using the New Environmental Paradigm scale. The results show a high environmental consciousness. Respondents are committed to the activity as they have knowledge about birds (86%), possess special equipment (70%) and do it when in vacations (85%). Moreover, it was found that there is a relationship between the nationality of the birdwatcher and the amount he is willing to pay to fund birdwatching facilities. There is also a relationship between nationality and the practice of birdwatching in other places in the Algarve. This research contributes to a better knowledge of the birdwatcher profile in the RFNP and therefore it can be used by policy-makers to enhance birdwatching tourism in the region.
A observação de aves está em forte expansão no turismo, sendo um dos setores que mais tem crescido no segmento do Ecoturismo. No Algarve têm sido realizados vários estudos sobre as potencialidades da região para a prática da observação de aves. O Parque Natural da Ria Formosa (PNRF) é destacado como sendo um local privilegiado para essa prática. Esta dissertação pretende ajudar a compreender a caracterização dos visitantes de observação de aves no PNRF. A descrição do perfil deste tipo de visitante é feita com o recurso à aplicação de questionários na Quinta de Marim, um hotspot para a observação de aves no parque. Procura-se conhecer as razões porque visitam o PNRF, o seu nível de satisfação com a experiência, características socioeconómicas, as suas práticas de observação de aves e a sua consciência ambiental. Juntamente com esta caracterização, o estudo investiga a predisposição do turista de observação de aves para pagar uma taxa que seria utilizada para melhorar as condições para a prática da actividade na Quinta de Marim. Um questionário foi aplicado a 203 turistas praticantes de observação de aves (dos quais 185 foram considerados válidos) no interior do percurso da Quinta de Marim, durante os meses de Novembro de 2014 e Fevereiro, Março e Abril de 2015. O questionário foi composto por 33 questões divididas por quatro grupos: observação de aves no PNRF; experiência em observação de aves; consciência ambiental; e caracterização socioeconómica. O primeiro grupo de questões focou-se na relação do turista com a PNRF, incluindo uma questão sobre a predisposição para pagar uma taxa tendo em vista a melhoria das condições para a observação de aves na Quinta de Marim. O segundo grupo questionou sobre os hábitos relacionados com a observação de aves. No terceiro grupo foi aplicado o Novo Paradigma Ambiental para conhecer a consciência ambiental dos inquiridos. Por último, foram colocadas questões relacionadas com o perfil socioeconómico. A aplicação deste questionário permitiu a definição do perfil dos turistas de observação de aves do PNRF como sendo indivíduos casados (51%), sem filhos (46%) e reformados (41%). Apresentam um nível de educação superior (74%), uma idade média de 50 anos e um rendimento mensal mediano de 1640€. Os homens (55%) estão ligeiramente melhor representados do que as mulheres. Relativamente às nacionalidades, as mais bem representadas são a inglesa (39%), a holandesa (17%) e a portuguesa (17%). A satisfação com a experiência de observação de aves no parque é no geral positiva. A maioria dos visitantes ficou satisfeita ou muito satisfeita com a experiência (88%) e mais do que 32% dos visitantes estrangeiros afirma já ter visitado o local anteriormente. Cerca de 99% recomendaria o local a familiares e amigos e 80% demonstrou intenção em voltar. Em média o turista de observação de aves permanece na região por 14 dias. Uma grande maioria afirma já ter visitado ou pretender visitar outros locais do PNRF para a prática da observação de aves (62%), o que demonstra a potencialidade do local para atrair estes turistas. Relativamente à possibilidade de pagar uma taxa para melhorar as infra-estruturas para a prática de observação de aves na Quinta de Marim, 92% afirma que o faria. Em média, a totalidade dos indivíduos inquiridos estaria disposto a pagar 4,29€. No que respeita à experiência em observação de aves, 86% considera ter um conhecimento sobre aves igual ou superior à média, 70% possuem equipamento específico, 56% pratica a modalidade até 30 dias por ano e 85% afirma fazê-lo quando viaja em férias. Este estudo avalia também a consciência ambiental dos observadores de aves. Os resultados demonstram que a média global do Novo Paradigma Ambiental é de 4,22, o que indica que o visitante de observação de aves do PNRF tem uma forte consciência ambiental. Foi igualmente testado se a nacionalidade está relacionada com outras características do perfil do observador de aves. Testou-se a relação da nacionalidade com o número de dias de observação de aves por ano e com a disponibilidade para pagar uma taxa com vista à melhoria das condições para a prática de observação de aves. Relacionou-se ainda a nacionalidade com a visita a outros locais no Algarve para a prática da modalidade. Verificou-se que não há relação entre o número de dias dedicados à prática da observação de aves e a nacionalidade dos praticantes. No entanto, verifica-se que a nacionalidade influencia o valor que estão dispostos a pagar. Conclui-se que os ingleses estão dispostos a pagar mais por esta taxa do que os visitantes de outras nacionalidades. A nacionalidade também está relacionada com o facto de visitarem outros locais da região para a prática da observação de aves. Cerca de 90% dos portugueses já visitou ou pretende visitar outros locais no Algarve (para além da Quinta de Marim) para observar aves. Entre os visitantes estrangeiros os britânicos são os que mais o fazem (63%). Este estudo pretende contribuir para aumentar o conhecimento sobre o perfil do visitante de observação de aves do PNRF e pode ser usado pelas entidades responsáveis para melhorar as condições para a prática deste tipo de turismo na região.

碩士
美和科技大學
生技科技系健康產業碩士班
104
Dengue virus is transmitted in tropical and subtropical areas, especially in Southeast Asia and Latin America. In 2015, according to the Ministry of Health, Welfare CDC statistics, there are about 40,000 people infected with dengue virus in southern Taiwan, and more than 200 people died. Currently in strategy on the prevention and treatment of dengue fever, in addition in December 2015, Mexico and the Philippines approved for sale tetravalent dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia) , no special medical treatment. The purpose of this studies, is extracted and investigated the compound activity of Taiwan endemic plant of the stem and leaf from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray. In this study, successfully isolate a series of natural products, including one new natural products compound A (1) and five sesquiterpene lactones, Tagitinin A (2) 、Tagitinin C (3) 、Tagitinin F (4) 、4β , 10β-dihydroxy -3-oxo-8β-isobutyroyloxyguaia-11(13) -en- 6,12-olide (5)，Tagitinin G (6) and two dicaffeoyl group structure，3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (7) and methyl 3,5-dicaffeoylquinate (8) from the Taiwan Tithonia diversifolia. All structures of the compounds described by a variety of NMR spectra , with physical data ( IR, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet , optical rotation ) , and compared to the data in the literature related compounds in the past to be established. Selected compounds were then investigated for their ability to inhibit dengue NS2B. Among these compounds，Tagitinin C (3) exhibited significant inhibitory effects against dengue NS2B in the infected Huh-7 cells replication in the infected cells. The future will further explore the mechanism of action and animal experiments.

碩士
東方設計學院
文化創意設計研究所
99
Kaohsiung's original appearance, similar to the city and surrounding towns, bustling streets, department stores,shopping, spacious and a little park roads, industrial areas, people living in simple, thrifty ideas for the industry, is no ，big difference.When construction and renovation projects Kaohsiung after the execution to two thousand BC, after eleven brewing expansion, the Kaohsiung Rapid Transit started running over the same period of even more people looking ride. MRT planning red,orange line, each station have their own characteristics. MRT idea to idea of a beautiful concept Kaohsiung uniquecultural characteristics, architecture and public art to the international standards applied in the environmental content ofpublic space. This study will stand as the Kaohsiung MRT Kaohsiung discussed. Formosa Kaohsiung MRT station furniture indoor environment of public research, using field survey methods, in-depth observation, furniture from the public transit Field analysis and induction, by mass transit environment, public furniture, public awareness, the relationship between the interactive and practical case of the study. Research approach to the literature of inductive analysis, related to public art and street furniture and other finishingbooks collected to understand the content integration, the use ofinductive analysis of the literature, qualitative research. MRTride to understanding where people take the utility of theinteraction of the spindle. Therefore, the process of observation and interviews to verify the beautiful island of tables found in the interior space station 1targets too complex, 2 announcement cards used in the post orstand on different platforms to increase transfer to part of themain factors found indicators that passengers passengers ridecan quickly enter or exit the platform required to make recommendations after assessing the public sector to providethe most cost savings resulting from a temporary notice of the announcement can be seen everywhere. Beside,I found that about the advertisement posts almost be showed in shopping strees of B1 and cultural passages,And there are lots of advertisements on the outer walls especially in government departments. So in my third point is to post indexes, announcement and adertisements simply and the quality of the space will be raised.

碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
106
Some of the most skilled seafaring sailors were ancient Polynesians and some of them came from Taiwan. When it was discovered by the Portuguese in the 17th century, Taiwan was given the name of Ilha Formosa which highlighted how beautiful its coastlines were and how rich and abundant its ocean resources were. During the 20th century, through political turmoil and warfare, Taiwan’s maritime accolades rested on its yacht building sector that reaches the top five ranking places around the world in the 1980’s. However, Taiwan’s martial law and the lack of reforms prohibited leisure marine activities, losing the potential of an industry able to create valuable socioeconomic impact. Fortunately, since 2010, restrictions are gradually removed which gives, thanks to a growing public demand, opportunities in leisure marine activities. The idea of this research is to take advantage of a this “blue ocean” activity here in Taiwan through different touristic tours models that can be done around Taiwan, Okinawa Island and Hong Kong. This thesis matches also one of my passion which is sailing. In June 2017, I had the opportunity with three friends to sail across the Atlantic Ocean for 50 days and this experience gave me some insights about cruising for a long time and the will to share this passion with others. With Formosa Luxury Tours, I see a way to share this passion in a luxury context in a country that is opening itself to leisure boating activities.

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
財務管理所
94
Abstract This paper investigates the performance and risk influence of Formosa Chemicals & Fiber Corp. (FCFC) around the periods of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Project of Formosa Plastics Group (FPG). We analyze that FCFC participated in this Project and enlarged capital expenditure to extend the upstream petroleum plants, and then FCFC completed the superiority of vertical integration and economical scale. Using analysis of Variance, Regression and Risk, we compare the difference of the performance, cumulative return and business risk between Formosa Plastics group and the downstream companies of Chinese Petroleum Corp. (CPC). We also compare whether there is a difference in the performance among 4 companies of FPG. Compared with the past studies , we not only stress the effect of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Project of FPG to FCFC，s performance but also study the risk of business, finance and system during the periods of enlarged capital expenditure. We also figure out successful management experience of FCFC. The main conclusions of this study are shown as follow. iii 1. After the effect of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Project of FPG, FPG has better performance and return than the downstream companies of CPC. Moreover, FCFC is more excellent than Formosa Plastics Corp. (FPC) and Nan Ya Plastics Corp. (NYPC) for the performance and return. 2. The regression analysis of FCFC for performance to competition, there are three independent variables, which are capital productivity, business gross profit rate and fixed assets are positive and statistical significance. 3. The cumulative return of FCFC is 306% better than FPC，s and NYPC，s for near seven years. And the abnormal average return of FCFC is up to 23.6% for near seven years. 4. Regarding the risk analysis, although higher debt ratios ever made the business and finance risk serious, the effect of No. 6 Naphtha Cracker Project of FPG has promoted the performance of FCFC. Therefore, the system risk and debt ratio of FCFC lowered gradually. 5. Regarding the management, we think that vertical integration and economical scale are the superiority of FPG，s competition certainly, but the most important competition should be the enterprise culture of FPG.

碩士
國立交通大學
傳播所
88
Organizational Vision, Identification and Image：The Case of Formosa Television Student：Chiu-Hsun Lai Advisor：Chia-Jung Tsui Institute of Communication Studies National Chiao Tung University ABSTRACT This research, a case study of Formosa Television, is to explore media organization''s vision, identification and image perception. The five research objectives are: (1) the organizational vision of FTV, (2) organization members'' organizational identification, (3) promotion approaches of organizational image, (4) the perception of target audience toward FTV, and (5) comparison of the perception of FTV''s organizational vision between organization members and its target audience. This research adopted the concept of "Building Shared Vision", integrated "Identity-Identification Duality" and "model of the relationships between organizational culture, identity and image" to explore media organization''s vision, identification and image. The researcher adopted in-depth interviews to investigate FTV''s organizational vision and promotion approaches of organizational image, and conducted surveys to explore FTV members'' organizational identification and target audience''s perception of organizational image. The results indicated that the organizational value of FTV included two aspects: professional value and localizational value. FTV members identify the localizational value more than the professional value. The senior organization members identify themselves professional value more than the juniors. FTV''s administration people the professional value more than those professional personnel. According to FTV members, the most important organizational goals are to increase the audience bare, to make financial balance, and to produce high quality programs. In the aspect of the promotion approaches of organizational image, FTV members identify most organizational image activities. Positive correlation was found among FTV''s target audience''s loyalty, teleview hours and identification of FTV''s organizational vision. The target audience liked the programs of FTV very much, especially dramas. The target audience had a high evaluation of FTV''s ID episodes, but seldom of them had participated the image promotion activities of FTV. The target audience identify FTV''s professional value more than FTV''s members. The research results also showed that the organizational members were more concerned about the performance of FTV than the target audience. The target audience were more favorable to FTV than members, and the target audience liked FTV''s programs more than the organizational members. This research suggests that FTV should keep going on the track of localization, enhance the organizational members'' consensus of professional value, establish more advanced prospect, enlarge the target audience, and diversify the image promote activities. Finally, follow-up research topics are suggested.

博士
國立臺灣海洋大學
水產養殖學系
102
This study aimed at investigating three conservation issues on Formosa landlocked salmon: (i) to propose “Formosa landlocked salmon as an independent species” and what the phylogenetic relationship between Formosa landlocked salmon and three subspecies of Masu salmon complex (Oncorhynchus masou complex) (ii) what the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Formosa landlocked salmon, and who caused the gene pool homogenization (iii) to develop the LAMP and multiplex PCR method for sex and species identification of Formosa landlocked salmon. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on AFLP and complete mitochondrial genome sequences by using Bayesian inference method. However, the topologies of these two trees were different. Using AFLP data, Formosa landlocked salmon is the most distantly species related to others；On the contrary, Biwa salmon is the most distantly species related to others by using complete mitochondrial genome sequences. After due consideration of AFLP, mtDNA and geological history, it is suggested Biwa salmon first diverged from the common ancestor of Oncorhynchus masou complex. However, Biwa salmon and Amago salmon may have gene flow in the evolutionary history. These results show that instead of dividing from Msau salmon, Formosa landlocked salmon is the independently clade divided from the common ancestor of Oncorhynchus masou complex. Formosa landlocked salmon is considered as an evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) and even an independently species due to geographic separation and genetic differentiation among Masu salmon complex. Genetic diversity of Formosa landlocked salmon in Chichiawan Stream are examined by using AFLP, Microsatellite, and mtDNA ND5 gene sequences. All of these data show the low genetic diversity in Formosa landlocked salmon. Genetic drift of wild Formosa landlocked salmon was detected and genetic diversity was subsequently lost from 2004 to 2008. There are two distinct clusters were found in Formosa landlocked salmon between Dams 1 and 3 in the year 2004 and 2005. One cluster show higher genetic diversity and the other show complete genetic homogenization. After comparison of samples from hatchery and wild population above Dam 3 in the year 2006, I hypothesize that gene pool homogenization were cause by large-scale cultivated fishes escape when Typhoon Ariel breached the hatchery in the fall of 2004. In this study, simple, reliable, non-invasive LAMP and multiplex PCR methods were developed to identify sex and species of Formosa landlocked salmon. The reliability of sex and species identification is high (more than 98.40%) for Formosa landlocked salmon. The sex ratios (male/female) of field Formosa landlocked salmon from 2004 to 2008 were 0.59, 0.50, 1.19, 0.57 and 0.72, respectively. The sex ratio of 2007 was significant differed from 1:1 (p<0.05). The results indicate the sex ratio of Formosa landlocked salmon is not consistent with 1:1. Biased sex ratio has to be considered when effective population size is counted. In summary, Formosa landlocked salmon is an ESU of Masu salmon complex and should be conserved. In conservation program, AFLP and sex marker are useful tools for genetic management and conserving maximum genetic diversity.

碩士
國立中山大學
兩岸高階主管經營管理碩士在職專班
103
The glasses industry only possesses a small part in the massive global market. As time goes by, the glasses market has grown up into a red sea market. In Taiwan, where the market size is not as great as other countries and various industries such as pharmacy, clothing stores as well as ophthalmology invading and carving up the market, companies need innovative strategies such as O2O, B2C, or C2C to solve the problem they face nowadays. These factors accelerated the changing of market and consumption habit. According to the author’s numerous years of research and market experiences, he/she found out that the consumption habit has been reformed. It has become two large groups: people who like to shop on the Internet and people who like to shop in retail stores. Both of the two groups have their own fixed customers. As a business company manger, how to advertise a product has become more of a challenge. The only way is to follow the trend to avoid natural selection. Therefore, I chose Formosa Optical for researching of Internet era plus retail that is called as O2O (Online to Offline). Though Formosa Optical is one of the behemoths of the glasses industry, it has to revolve its business model due to invasions of other industries to satisfy customers’ needs. The research surveyed and analyzed both regular customers and store managers in order to improve and understand from different points of views. The revolution is a must. The O2O research successfully helped Formosa Optical dug out its strengths and weakness; it analyzed whether the O2O business model fit Formosa Optical or not. Fortunately, the survey ended up greatly. Customers not only want the quality of merchandise, but also the difference of CRM (Customer Relationship Management). Consumers can now make appointments to view merchandise, examine their eyes and get prescriptions for new glasses more conveniently. These strategies are all different from traditional business model. In the twenty-first century, the best business model is to combine retail store marketing with Internet ideology.

碩士
國立清華大學
歷史研究所
102
Abstract The Ladies’ Charity Society of Formosa (臺灣婦人慈善會, LCSF), the Japanese Women’s Patriotic Association (愛國婦人會, JWPA) and the Ladies’ Volunteer Nursing Association (篤志看護婦人會, LVNA) were the most important women’s societies during Japanese colonial period in Taiwan history. The JWPA sought to improve military care. The LVNA was the Taiwan branch of the Japanese Red Cross Society (日本赤十字社) at that time, which carried out medical and surgery training for nurses. Compared with the latter two organizations, the LCSF awaits exploration through careful analysis of historical resources. My main questions are: what kind of roles did this society play in Japanese colonial era in Taiwan? And what is the difference among these three women’s organizations? The LCSF was founded by the profit from hosting a successful charity concert. In 1904, Goto Shinpei (後藤新平, 1857-1929), the Director of the Civil Administration Bureau of Taiwan (臺灣民政長官), attempted to set up a truly Taiwan-based women charity society. After Goto’s tenure, the Governor General of Taiwan (臺灣總督) paid little attention to this society, which led it to become less active and finally confined in the locality of Taipei city area. From 1904-1945, the LCSF dedicated itself to varied kind of charity, including education, public medical care, and housing immigrant workers. Additionally, it provided money to other charity organizations, in order to foster them to run steady. The ultimate aim was the charity organizations are more stable and the social welfare would be more perfect. In this thesis, firstly, I argued the establishment of the LCSF through investigating its publications, and discussed the relationships between Goto and the LCSF. Secondly, I analyzed the differences between the LCSF and the JWPA. Moreover, the interpersonal networks of male members would be explored as well. Finally, the contributions of all kinds of social welfare works in that period would be described.

博士
國立臺灣大學
歷史學研究所
100
In 1624, the Dutch, who was trying to trade with the Ming empire, has finally settled down at Tayouan, a sandbank located in southwestern coast of Formosa. The Dutch Reformed Church could therefore set up its church. By efforts of the first two ministers, namely Georgius Candidius and Robertus Junius, Christianity was spread to the Sirayan people who lived in the southwestern plain of Formosa. By 1643 there were more than 5,000 aborigines baptised, which was, without doubt, a miracle of Protestant mission in that period. Till the Dutch was defeated by Koxinga and withdrew from Formosa in 1662, the Dutch Reformed Church has set up many churches and schools for the aborigines, and at least 7,000 aborigines were baptised. This research, mainly based on the original Dutch archival materials, as well as published archives and current researches, tries to analyse the development of the Dutch Reformed Church in Formosa. The research first aims on the development itself through following analyses and observation. Firstly, By dividing the Dutch Refomred mission in Formosa into four regioins, the observation focuses on the difference of missionary development of each region. Secondly, Analyses also focus on the teaching materials of Christian Doctrines compiled in Sirayan-Formosan as well as Favorlanger-Formosan. Thirdly, an observation also focuses on the development of the Dutch community of the Dutch Reformed Church in Formosa. The research then aims on the particularity of the development. By placing Formosa in the context of the development of Christianity after the Reformation, some comparisons with the Catholic missions as well as the Dutch Reformed Churches under VOC or WIC are also proceeded. This research comes into the following conclusions. Firstly, the missionary activities of the Dutch Reformed Church in different regions of Formosa exists obvious diversity, which reveals the passivity and unsystematisation of the Dutch mission. Secondly, Not only VOC, but also the Dutch Reformed Church in the seventeenth century was not aggressive in missionary work. Lastly, the passivity of the Dutch mission finally set up some boarders, and only few groups could cross these boarders and became one of the Dutch Reformed community.

Dissertação de mest., Biologia e Geologia (Educação), Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2007
A costa Sul do Algarve, como de resto todas as costas do planeta, sofreu influências das regressões e transgressões do mar ao longo de milhões de anos. A actual morfologia costeira é em parte a herança das variações do nível médio relativo do mar nos últimos milhares de anos, mais especificamente nos últimos 10 000 anos (Holocénico). O sistema de ilhas barreira da Ria Formosa é constituído por penínsulas e ilhas que delimitam um ambiente lagunar interior de elevado valor ecológico e económico. Os processos destrutivos e construtivos actuaram de forma diferenciada ao longo do tempo em cada ilha e península modelando o sistema conhecido por Ria Formosa. O presente trabalho, tem como objectivo principal reconstituir a evolução recente da zona lagunar adjacente à povoação de Cacela Velha. Para tal, recorreu-se por um lado, ao estudo textural de várias amostras recolhidas em sondagens bem como à sua datação por radiocarbono e por outro lado a pesquisa bibliográfica e paleocartográfica. Este trabalho ambiciona ainda, através da análise dos conteúdos programáticos da disciplina de Biologia e Geologia do 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico e Secundário, expor as potencialidades educativas da área em estudo. Os resultados obtidos revelam uma rápida evolução do litoral de Cacela Velha, à escala secular, induzida pelas variações do nível médio relativo do mar. A história geológica da região associada a variações do nível do mar e a alterações climáticas, bem como as ferramentas utilizadas nesta pesquisa, podem ser utilizadas como ferramenta para promover nas escolas do ensino básico e secundário o ensino das Geociências.

Dissertação mest., Gestão da Água e da Costa, Universidade do Algarve, 2008
As espécies não-indígenas (ENI) são consideradas como sendo um problema prioritário nos ecossistemas e na biodiversidade a nível global. A principal peça de legislação europeia na questão das águas e sua gestão – a Directiva Quadro de Água (DQA) – tem como principal objectivo atingir um bom estado ecológico para todas as massas de água. As ENI podem ser consideradas como sendo uma pressão antropogénica nas diversas massas de água, e assim sendo, fazem aumentar o risco do principal objectivo desta legislação não ser cumprido. Foi recolhida e compilada toda a informação disponível sobre ENI no Parque Natural da Ria Formosa (PNRF), e novas informações foram reunidas a partir dos diversos stakeholders através de entrevistas feitas com o objectivo de avaliar a situação actual da laguna em relação às ENI e as respectivas consequências com respeito à DQA. O estudo focou espécies aquáticas: 15 foram introduzidas nas últimas duas décadas, em locais onde até 1990 apenas se observava em média 1 espécie/década. O grupo biota bêntico é o maioritário (80%), principalmente algas e molúsculos (26% cada um). Importantes actividades económicas estão envolvidas com as espécies introduzidas. 73% das espécies presentes estão dentro do grupo dos piores invasores. Contudo, não são considerados perigosas pelo PNRF ou como representando um risco de falha na concretização dos objectivos da DQA pela maioria dos stakeholders. Esta contradição poderá estar relacionada com a falta de conhecimento que existe acerca do assunto. Há uma grande incerteza, falta de informação e de dados empíricos básicos sobre as espécies, o que dificulta uma avaliação correcta. Há uma clara necessidade de aumentar a investigação científica integrada e de incluir as ENI no plano de gestão do PNRF.

Dissertação de Mestrado, Engenharia do Ambiente na especialidade de Avaliação e Gestão Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2012
Os hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos (PAHs) têm um impacto direto na saúde humana, devido às suas propriedades mutagénicas e/ou cancerígenas. Consequentemente, existe um elevado interesse em analisar e avaliar a exposição aos PAHs presentes em diferentes rotas de exposição, influenciado por diferentes fontes de emissão. No presente estudo foi calculado os potenciais riscos ambientais para a saúde pública por exposição a algumas substâncias prioritárias como são os compostos orgânicos - Hidrocarbonetos Aromáticos Policíclicos (PAHs). Optou-se por fazer apenas a análise de PAHs visto que os dados recolhidos para a Ria Formosa relativamente aos metais pesados e TBT não seriam suficientes para uma avaliação de risco, com certezas fiáveis. Para a estimativa das emissões ambientais foi utilizado o modelo de equilíbrio pelo método da fugacidade, denominado EQC, (Equilibrium Criterion). Este modelo utiliza as propriedades físico-químicas para quantificar o comportamento de um produto químico no ambiente. Os resultados do estudo mostram que na Ria Formosa, o benzo[a]pireno é o contaminante que apresenta o valor de risco cancerígeno total mais elevado, enquanto o naftaleno, é o contaminante que apresenta um valor de risco total mais baixo. Para uma mistura de PAHs, todos os sistemas apresentados indicam valores superiores aos valores de referência, sendo estes considerados valores aceitáveis para o aumento do risco cancerígeno para a saúde humana. Quanto ao risco não cancerígeno, o fluoranteno é o contaminante que apresenta um valor de risco não cancerígeno mais elevado, sendo apresentado na rota de exposição por ingestão de bivalves.