Journal articles: 'Formord'

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Stiperski, Zoran, and Jelena Lončar. "Changes in Levels of Economic Development among the States Formed in the Area of Former Yugoslavia." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 70, no. 02 (December 1, 2008): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2008.70.02.01.

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Parzefall, Jakob, Ole Lutjens, Ingo Schlupp, and Kay Korner. "THE ROLE OF EXPERIENCE IN MATING PREFERENCES OF THE UNISEXUAL AMAZON MOLLY." Behaviour 136, no. 2 (1999): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853999501315.

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AbstractThe all-female fish Poecilia formosa uses sperm of Poecilia latipinna or P. mexicana for its gynogenetic reproduction. Normally, P. formosa lives in sympatry with only one of these species. Near Tampico, Mexico, one population of P. formosa is living in sympatry with both sperm-donor species. In the present study, using animated videos as stimuli, we examined whether P. formosa from Tampico show a sexual preference for males of one of the two species. We raised P. formosa females with males of P. latipinna or P. mexicana only, and as a control with males of both species simultaneously. We found that previous experience affects mating preferences in P. formosa. Females tend to prefer males of the species they were raised with.

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He, Zhan, Yuan Liu, Lei Wang, Qiu Guo, Shaukat Ali, Xiao-Sheng Chen, and Bao-Li Qiu. "Risk Assessment of Two Insecticides on Encarsia formosa, Parasitoid of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci." Insects 9, no. 3 (September 11, 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9030116.

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The assessment of acute toxicity to insect natural enemies is very important for insecticide selection used within integrated pest management (IPM). The acute toxicity of abamectin and imidacloprid against Encarsia formosa, a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci, was investigated. Abamectin had a high toxicity risk to E. formosa, while imidacloprid showed a medium toxicity risk. When treated with the lethal concentration 30 (LC30) of abamectin, the dwelling time of E. formosa in B. tabaci infested-plant-area (IPA) was significantly lower than in non-infested plant areas (non-IPA). In addition, the frequency of E. formosa entering into the two areas was not significantly different in the LC10 and LC30 treatments. Within the IPA, LC10, and LC30 treatments decreased the dwelling time and entering frequency of parasitoid significantly. For imidacloprid treatments, E. formosa stayed a longer time in the non-IPA than in the IPA when treated with LC30. The frequency of E. formosa entering into the two areas was only slightly different in the LC1, LC10, and LC30 treatments. Within the IPA, LC10 and LC30 treatments were significantly decreased in the dwelling time and the entering frequency of E. formosa. The results indicate that abamectin and imidacloprid have high or medium acute toxicity against E. formosa and a negative sublethal effect on its searching behaviour.

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Hermanto, Bambang. "The Growht of Acropora Formosa Fragment in Different Sizes Using Transplantation Method in Lembeh Strait." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 3, no. 2 (February 16, 2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.3.2.2015.13224.

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Transplantation method is an effective way for rehabilitating the degraded coral reef. Acropora formosa is one of the coral species that is used for transplantation method which is a kind of branching corals that have a rapid growth up to 8 cm/year. This study aimed to determine the effect of coral fragment size to the coral growth, survival rate and the growth rate of Acropora formosa at several locations in the Lembeh Strait. The research was conducted in February - June 2015 using concrete block transplantation method. The results showed that Acropora formosa with the initial fragment length 8 cm have the highest of survival rates (84 %), absolute growth (0,8 cm) and growth rate (0,201 cm/month). The initial fragments length of Acropora formosa can affect the coral growth in transplantation method (p <0.05). Keywords: Coral transplantation, Acropora formosa, Fragment size, North Sulawesi ABSTRAK Metode transplantasi merupakan metode yang cukup efektif untuk merehabilitasi kondisi terumbu karang yang mengalami degradasi. Salah satu jenis yang sering digunakan untuk metode transplantasi yaitu jenis Acropora formosa yang merupakan jenis karang bercabang yang memiliki pertumbuhan yang cukup cepat hingga 8 cm/tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran fragmen terhadap pertumbuhan karang, tingkat kelangsungan hidup serta laju pertumbuhan fragmen karang Acropora formosa pada beberapa lokasi di perairan Selat Lembeh. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari - Juni 2015 dengan menggunakan metode transplantasi lepas dasar (substrat beton). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fragmen karang Acropora formosa dengan panjang fragmen awal 8 cm memiliki tingkat kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan tertinggi yaitu mencapai 84% (survival rate), 0,8 cm (pertumbuhan mutlak tinggi) dan 0,201 cm/bln (laju pertumbuhan). Ukuran panjang awal fragmen Acropora formosa cukup berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan karang (p<0,05). Kata kunci: Transplantasi karang, Acropora formosa, ukuran fragmen, Sulawesi Utara

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Zisman, Anna L., Fredric L. Coe, Andrew J. Cohen, Christopher B. Riedinger, and Elaine M. Worcester. "Racial Differences in Risk Factors for Kidney Stone Formation." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15, no. 8 (June 19, 2020): 1166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.12671019.

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Background and objectivesIncidence of kidney stone disease is rising. It is not known whether mechanisms of stone formation differ across racial groups. Our objective was to identify differing lithogenic risk factors across racial groups in idiopathic nephrolithiasis.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating metabolic risk factors in black and age-matched white idiopathic stone formers at our tertiary referral center. We compared serum and urine metabolic risk factors pre- and post-treatment across racial groups using analysis of covariance. Generalized linear modeling was used to build regression models for risk of stone formation in both groups.ResultsAmong 117 black and 172 white stone formers, urine volume was lower in black stone formers (1.4±0.8 versus 2.0±0.8 L/d, P<0.001). Urine calcium was lower in black stone formers (116±70 versus 217±115 mg/d, P<0.001). Supersaturations for calcium oxalate were similar among the groups, whereas calcium phosphate supersaturation was higher in white stone formers, and uric acid supersaturation was higher in black stone formers. Electrolyte free water clearance was significantly lower in black stone formers (207±780 versus 435±759 ml/d, P=0.02). In the subgroup of 77 black patients and 107 white patients with post-treatment evaluations, urine volume rose significantly and similarly in both groups. Urine sodium was unchanged in whites but increased in blacks by 40 mmol/d (95% confidence interval, 32 to 48 mmol/d). Electrolyte free water clearance remained lower in black stone formers (385±891 versus 706±893 ml/d, P=0.02). Post-treatment supersaturations were similar across the groups except for calcium phosphate, which improved with treatment in whites.ConclusionsBlack stone formers have lower 24-hour urine calcium excretion and urine volume. Increases in urine volume with treatment were associated with increased solute, but not free water, excretion in black stone formers.

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He, Yanyan, Yicong Liu, Ke Wang, Youjun Zhang, Qingjun Wu, and Shaoli Wang. "Development and Fitness of the Parasitoid, Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), on the B and Q of the Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 6 (July 24, 2019): 2597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz200.

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Abstract Encarsia formosa Gahan is an important endoparasitoid of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius. In the present study, we compared the fitness and population parameters of E. formosa when parasitizing the two most invasive and destructive whitefly species in China, the B and Q of B. tabaci. We also studied whether natal host influenced on parasitism and host-feeding capacities of E. formosa on B. tabaci B versus Q. Age–stage life table analysis indicated that E. formosa developmental duration was shorter, fecundity was higher, and longevity was greater on B. tabaci B than on Q. The life table parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproduction rate (R0), and the mean generation time (T), indicated that the fitness of E. formosa on B. tabaci B is higher than B. tabaci Q. We also found that the host species used to rear E. formosa affected the parasitoid’s subsequent parasitism and host feeding on B. tabaci B and Q. When E. formosa were reared on B. tabaci B, its subsequent parasitism rate on third-instar nymphs was significantly higher on B. tabaci B than on Q. These results will be useful for managing the biological control of B. tabaci in the field.

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Vázquez, Diego P., Julie Gresser, and Jean-Louis Martin. "Introduced deer and the pollination and reproduction of an animal-pollinated herb." Botany 88, no. 2 (February 2010): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b09-087.

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We evaluated the hypothesis that the modified population density of Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC. (Ranunculaceae) resulting from the introduction of Sitka black-tailed deer ( Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis ) in the Haida Gwaii archipelago affects the pollination and reproductive performance of this herbaceous species. We compared the population density, pollination, and reproductive success of A. formosa among three small islands colonized by deer and three deer-free islands. Islands with deer had a substantially lower absolute density and a greater relative density of A. formosa than deer-free islands. The presence of deer was associated with higher pollen deposition, which probably resulted from the greater relative density of A. formosa on islands with deer. However, the presence of deer had no significant effect on individual reproductive success. The latter result is likely a consequence of the lack of pollen limitation in this species, as well as of the conflicting relationship between the absolute and relative densities of A. formosa and the presence of deer.

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Jefferson, A., T. M. Reynolds, A. Elves, and A. S. Wierzbicki. "Patients with Recurrent Renal Stones Have a Physico-Chemically Altered Urinary Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein Profile." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 33, no. 6 (November 1996): 540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329603300609.

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We describe an immunoblotting method for examining the electrophoretic properties of urinary Tamm-Horsfall protein. Using this method we tested frozen urine samples from a group of 37 thoroughly investigated recurrent idiopathic renal calcium stone formers and compared this with fresh urine from 19 non-stone forming laboratory staff. We found that there was a statistically significant different pattern of Tamm-Horsfall protein bands in the two sets of urines, with stone formers tending to have two bands and non-stone formers tending to have three bands. This could have been due to storage artefact and therefore a further group of 13 fresh urines from unselected renal stone formers was tested. A smaller proportion of these cases showed the two-band pattern, possibly because not all of this group were idiopathic calcium stone formers. This suggests that but does not prove that there is no significant storage artefact and that there may be an in vivo effect causing stone formation.

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9

Matthews, M. L., and M. Sedgley. "Breeding System of Dryandra quercifolia and D. formosa (Proteaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 46, no. 4 (1998): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt97035.

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Hand pollinations were used to investigate the timing of stigma receptivity and the breeding system of two commercial cut flower species, Dryandra quercifolia Meiss. and D. formosa R.Br. Stigmas of both species showed peak receptivity at 2–6 days post-anthesis, D. quercifolia was receptive immediately after anthesis while D. formosa showed little pollen tube germination until 2 days post-anthesis. Observation of fresh pistils with an environmental scanning electron microscope revealed the stigma of both species to be wet. For D. quercifolia, maximum groove dimensions and exudate area commenced at 3 days post-anthesis and continued until day 12. A different pattern was observed for D. formosa stigmas; maximum groove dimensions and exudate area were reached at 4 days post-anthesis and decreased thereafter. Both species showed overlap in the time of maximum observed pollen tube counts, groove openness and exudate area. These factors were consistently higher in D. quercifolia than in D. formosa. Exudate production was lower in pollinated than in unpollinated D. formosa stigmas. Pollen tube and seed set data indicate a mixed breeding system for both species, with self-pollination less favoured and often resulting in post-zygotic abortion of seeds. Dryandra formosa was more self-compatible than D. quercifolia.

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Masaoka, Makoto, Tomohiro Michitaka, and Akihito Hashidzume. "Formose reaction accelerated in aerosol-OT reverse micelles." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (December 7, 2016): 2663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.262.

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The formose reaction in reverse micelles of aerosol-OT (AOT), triton X-100 (TX), and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated. Time–conversion data have indicated that the interfacial water layer of AOT reverse micelles is a medium that accelerates formation of glycolaldehyde in the formose reaction. The 13C NMR spectra for the products of the formose reaction using formaldehyde-13C as starting material are indicative of the formation of ethylene glycol as a major product.

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Luxmoore, Richard. "Game farming in South Africa as a force in conservation." Oryx 19, no. 4 (October 1985): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300025667.

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There are perhaps 7000–10,000 formers in South Africa who derive some income from game farming. They sell the meat, sell live animals to other formers, allow hunters to shoot animals for trophies, or allow tourists onto their land for game viewing. The system has benefits for both wildlife and the formers, and it is tempting to assume that similar results could be obtained in other African countries. But is its that simple?

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Pieri, I., R. Minari, D. Potenzoni, C. Cantoni, P. Sacchini, A. Prati, A. Savino, and A. Borrini. "Epidemiological study of urinary tract stones in a Northern Italian city." Urologia Journal 59, no. 1_suppl (January 1992): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205901s43.

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An epidemiological study about stone disease was carried out by mailing a postal questionnaire to 6000 persons; it concerned a sample of the population of the USL n. 5 (Fidenza - PR). This population sample was divided into two groups: those who live on the hills and those who live on the plain. No differences of any kind were found between the two groups. It came out that the incidence of stone disease in the general population is 8%. There was a relationship between stone disease and hypertension and other renal diseases. Stone-formers showed no alimentary difference from non-stone formers. Stone-formers drank more still mineral water than non-stone formers, but only 37% of them drank at least 2 litres a day.

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Lecher, Silke, and Erich H. Witte. "FORMOD und PROMOD." Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 47, no. 2 (April 2003): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026//0932-4089.47.2.73.

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Zusammenfassung. Innerhalb von Organisationen und Betrieben wird durch den Einsatz von Arbeits- und Projektgruppen ein “Gruppenvorteil“ in Form besserer Ergebnisse, schnellerer Entscheidungsfindung und breiterer Zustimmung erwartet. Häufig bedarf es jedoch eines derart hohen Aufwandes an Koordinations- und Integrationsleistungen, um den vielfältigen Argumenten, Einstellungen und Informationen gerecht zu werden, dass diese Erwartungen sich nicht erfüllen. Der Einsatz von Moderationstechniken soll diese Koordinations- und Integrationsleistungen erleichtern und gleichzeitig sozio-emotionale Prozesse steuern. Moderationstechniken, die theoriegeleitet die wesentlichen kognitions- und sozialpsychologischen Leistungskriterien berücksichtigen, liegen in Form der am Arbeitsbereich Sozialpsychologie der Universität Hamburg entwickelten Formalen Moderation (FORMOD) und Prozeduralen Moderation (PROMOD) vor. Experimentell konnte im Rahmen eines DFG-Projektes gezeigt werden, dass die wissensbasierte Technik PROMOD der ebenfalls untersuchten FORMOD hinsichtlich der Leistung beim komplexen Problemlösen signifikant mit mittlerer Effektstärke überlegen ist und dass sich der Einsatz beider Moderationstechniken als leistungssteigernd im Vergleich zu nicht-moderierten Gruppen erweist. Neben Leistungsparametern wurden die individuellen Problemlösestrategien und die Konformitätsprozesse als abhängige Variablen zur Vergleichsmessung herangezogen. Die experimentell erzielten Ergebnisse bezüglich der Gruppenleistung und die Darstellung der in FORMOD und PROMOD integrierten Leistungsparameter untermauern die Forderung nach einer theoriegeleiteten Entwicklung integrativer und komplexitätsangemessener Methoden zur Leistungsverbesserung in Arbeitsgruppen. Erste Praxistransfers der Methoden in die betriebliche Realität werden dargestellt und diskutiert.

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Kwon, Taeyang, Kiwoon Baek, Kiyoung Lee, Ilnam Kang, and Jang-Cheon Cho. "Formosa arctica sp. nov., isolated from Arctic seawater." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_1 (January 1, 2014): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.056465-0.

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A Gram-staining-negative, chemoheterotrophic, yellow-pigmented, gliding, catalase- and oxidase-positive, flexirubin-negative, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain IMCC9485T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected from the Arctic Ocean. Optimal growth of strain IMCC9485T was observed at 25 °C, pH 7–8 and in the presence of 1.5–2.5 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain IMCC9485T belonged to the genus Formosa and was closely related to Formosa algae KCTC 12364T (98.2 %) and Formosa agariphila KCTC 12365T (98.0 %). DNA–DNA relatedness between the new isolate and F. algae and F. agariphila was far lower than 70 %, which indicated that strain IMCC9485T is a novel genomic species of the genus Formosa . The major fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C15 : 1G (13.7 %), C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c (13.4 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (12.3 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.6 mol%. Strain IMCC9485T contained menaquinone-6 (MK-6) as the respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminophospholipids and unknown polar lipids as polar lipid constituents. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and differential phenotypic characteristics, it is suggested that strain IMCC9485T ( = KACC 17484T = KCCM 42937T = NBRC 106080T) be assigned to the genus Formosa as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Formosa arctica sp. nov. is proposed.

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Park, Sooyeon, Jung-Sook Lee, Keun-Chul Lee, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Formosa undariae sp. nov., isolated from a reservoir containing the brown algae Undaria pinnatifida." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_11 (November 1, 2013): 4130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.053157-0.

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A strain of Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding and rod-shaped bacteria, designated WS-MY3T, was isolated from a brown algae reservoir in South Korea. Strain WS-MY3T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain WS-MY3T fell within the cluster comprising the type strains of species of the genus Formosa , clustering coherently with the type strains of Formosa agariphila and Formosa algae . It exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 98.7, 97.9 and 96.8 % to the type strains of F. agariphila, F. algae and Formosa spongicola , respectively. Strain WS-MY3T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 1 G and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain WS-MY3T were phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain WS-MY3T was 37.3 mol% and its DNA–DNA relatedness values with F. agariphila KCTC 12365T and F. algae KCTC 12364T were 23 % and 17 %, respectively. The phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness and differential phenotypic properties revealed that strain WS-MY3T is separate from the three recognized species of the genus Formosa . On the basis of the data presented, strain WS-MY3T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Formosa , for which the name Formosa undariae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WS-MY3T ( = KCTC 32328T = CECT 8286T).

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Cowley, D. M., B. C. McWhinney, J. M. Brown, and A. H. Chalmers. "Chemical factors important to calcium nephrolithiasis: evidence for impaired hydroxycarboxylic acid absorption causing hyperoxaluria." Clinical Chemistry 33, no. 2 (February 1, 1987): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.2.243.

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Abstract An investigation of variables important to calcium stone formation in urine indicated significantly increased daily excretion of calcium and oxalate and decreased excretion of ascorbate and citrate by recurrent calcium stone formers. In addition, urine volume, sodium, mucopolysaccharide, and protein were also significantly increased. We compared the uptake of citrate and ascorbate from the gut into the blood in normal controls and stone formers. These studies indicated significantly depressed absorption of both these hydroxycarboxylic acids in recurrent calcium stone formers. We also found that concurrent administration of citrate inhibited ascorbate absorption and increased urinary oxalate excretion after an ascorbate load in normal subjects and stone formers. These findings suggest a mechanism that explains hyperoxaluria in stone patients on the basis of a malabsorption of citrate, ascorbate, and possibly other hydroxycarboxylic acids.

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ISHAQ, MUHAMMAD, ISRAR AHMED AKHUND, MAULA BUX LAGHARI, and Muhammad Sabir. "URINARY TRACT STONE DISEASE." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 02 (June 10, 2011): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.02.2060.

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Aims & Objectives: Geographical variation in the rates of kidney stones has been observed for many years. Pakistan is situated in stone belt. Calculus diseases is endemic in Pakistan, perhaps the incidence in Pakistan is highest in the world. Purpose: To evaluate etiology and biochemical risk factors (inorganic phosphate) in the Peshawar. Subjects & Methods: Study was conducted at LHR and Hayatabad Hospitals of Peshawar for the period of nine months. Two hundred patients and same number of controls were selected. Results: The mean value of mean inorganic phosphate in non stone formers were less than that of stone formers. The mean of urinary inorganic phosphate excretion in stone formers was greater than that of non-stone formers. Conclusions: We conclude that inorganic phosphate is an independent risk factor for renal stone formation.

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Park, Sangtae, and Margaret S. Pearle. "Urolithiasis: Update on Metabolic Evaluation of Stone Formers." Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 902–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.118.

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Metabolic abnormalities are identified in over 90% of stone formers and the institution of preventative dietary and medical measures has resulted in substantial reduction in stone recurrence rates. We review the contemporary approach to metabolic evaluation of urolithiasis.A careful medical and dietary history, stone analysis, serologic tests, and urinalysis constitute the initial screening regimen in patients who have been diagnosed with stones. Risk stratification of patients, based on the outcome of the initial screening tests, determines the need for and extent of urinary evaluation in individual stone formers. Conservative dietary measures or a simple metabolic evaluation and treatment has been described for first-time or low-risk stone formers, although the number of 24-h urine collections needed is debatable. A more extensive metabolic evaluation is recommended for recurrent or high-risk stone formers or for those in whom empiric treatment or medical therapy based on simplified evaluation is unsuccessful.Regardless of etiology, all stone formers should be counseled on dietary measures for stone prevention. The need for medication is determined by the results of 24-h urine analysis and the risk level of the patient. Cost effectiveness of the metabolic evaluation and treatment is strongly influenced by recurrence rate and efficacy of therapy.Metabolic evaluation and treatment has clearly been shown in randomized trials to reduce stone recurrence rates. Further study will determine the extent of evaluation necessary and the need for selective vs. empiric medical therapy for first-time and recurrent stone formers.

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Han, Bit, Minji Kim, Ki-Eun Lee, Byoung-Hee Lee, Eun-Young Lee, and Soo-Je Park. "Formosa sediminum sp. nov., a starch-degrading bacterium isolated from marine sediment." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 2008–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004012.

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A novel bacterium, designated strain PS13T, was isolated from marine sediment collected from the coast of Jeju Island. Strain PS13T was a Gram stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, aerobic, yellow-pigmented, motile by gliding, and rod-shaped bacterium. Strain PS13T grew optimally at 25 °C and pH 8.0 and in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PS13T belonged to the genus Formosa and was closely related to Formosa algae KMM3553T (98.3 % sequence similarity). The DNA–DNA relatedness (17.3–21.8 %) and average nucleotide identity (83.6–84.6 %) values clearly indicated that strain PS13T represents a distinct species of the genus Formosa . The major fatty acids were C15 : 0 iso, C16 : 1 ω6c/C16 : 1 ω7c and C15 : 1 iso G. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain PS13T was 32.2 mol%. On the basis of polyphasic characteristics, it is suggested that strain PS13T be assigned to the genus Formosa as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Formosa sediminum PS13T (=KCCM 43301T=CECT 9918T) sp. nov. is proposed.

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Hoyos, C. B., G. A. Jara, and C. M. Monzon. "Reporte de un caso de dracunculosis en un canino en la Provincia de Formosa - Argentina." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 37, no. 3 (June 1995): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651995000300016.

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Se comunica el hallazgo de Dracunculus sp. en un canino proveniente de la localidad de Fontana, Departamento Patiño, Provincia de Formosa, Argentina. El hallazgo constituye el cuarto caso de Dracunculosis registrado en animales en una misma área geográfica de Formosa.

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Lima, Maria da Graça de Souza, Nei Fernandes Lopes, Marcos Antonio Bacarin, and Cristina Rodrigues Mendes. "Efeito do estresse salino sobre a concentração de pigmentos e prolina em folhas de arroz." Bragantia 63, no. 3 (December 2004): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0006-87052004000300003.

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O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação com as cultivares BRS Bojurú, IAS 12-9 Formosa e BRS Agrisul, a fim de analisar o efeito da concentração de NaCl (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 mM) nos teores de clorofilas, carotenóides totais e de prolina, determinados a 30 dias após salinização do solo. A salinidade reduziu fortemente o teor de clorofilas e carotenóides totais no genótipo Agrisul, mas esses pigmentos não foram afetados no Bojurú e Formosa pela concentração salina. O teor de prolina foi maior na cultivar Agrisul do que nas cultivares Bojurú e Formosa e acentuou-se com o incremento na concentração de NaCl. Foi verificada uma concentração salina limiar que inicia o processo de acúmulo de prolina nas folhas, sendo de 50 mM para a cultivar BRS Agrisul (sensível) e de 75 mM para BRS Bojurú e IAS 12-9 Formosa (tolerantes).

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Suryaletha, Karthika, Sivakumar K. Chandrika, and Sabu Thomas. "Comprehensive genomics depict accessory genes encoding pathogenicity and biofilm determinants in Enterococcus faecalis." Future Microbiology 16, no. 3 (February 2021): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2020-0111.

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Aim: Enterococcus faecalis is a leading nosocomial pathogen in biofilm-associated polymicrobial infections. The study aims to understand pathogenicity and biofilm determinants of the pathogen by genome analysis. Methodology: Genome sequencing of a strong biofilm forming clinical isolate Enterococcus faecalis SK460 devoid of Fsr quorum-signaling system, was performed and comparative genomics was carried out among a set of pathogenic biofilm formers and nonpathogenic weak biofilm formers. Results: Analysis revealed a pool of virulence and adhesion related factors associated with pathogenicity. Absence of CRISPR-Cas system facilitated acquisition of pheromone responsive plasmid, pathogenicity island and phages. Comprehensive analysis identified a subset of accessory genes encoding polysaccharide lyase, sugar phosphotransferase system, phage proteins and transcriptional regulators exclusively in pathogenic biofilm formers. Conclusion: The study identified a set of genes specific to pathogenic biofilm formers and these can act as targets which in turn help to develop future treatment endeavors against enterococcal infections.

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Kimeklis, Anastasiia K., Elizaveta R. Chirak, Irina G. Kuznetsova, Anna L. Sazanova, Vera I. Safronova, Andrey A. Belimov, Olga P. Onishchuk, et al. "Rhizobia Isolated from the Relict Legume Vavilovia formosa Represent a Genetically Specific Group within Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae." Genes 10, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120991.

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Twenty-two rhizobia strains isolated from three distinct populations (North Ossetia, Dagestan, and Armenia) of a relict legume Vavilovia formosa were analysed to determine their position within Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae (Rlv). These bacteria are described as symbionts of four plant genera Pisum, Vicia, Lathyrus, and Lens from the Fabeae tribe, of which Vavilovia is considered to be closest to its last common ancestor (LCA). In contrast to biovar viciae, bacteria from Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii (Rlt) inoculate plants from the Trifolieae tribe. Comparison of house-keeping (hkg: 16S rRNA, glnII, gltA, and dnaK) and symbiotic (sym: nodA, nodC, nodD, and nifH) genes of the symbionts of V. formosa with those of other Rlv and Rlt strains reveals a significant group separation, which was most pronounced for sym genes. A remarkable feature of the strains isolated from V. formosa was the presence of the nodX gene, which was commonly found in Rlv strains isolated from Afghanistan pea genotypes. Tube testing of different strains on nine plant species, including all genera from the Fabeae tribe, demonstrated that the strains from V. formosa nodulated the same cross inoculation group as the other Rlv strains. Comparison of nucleotide similarity in sym genes suggested that their diversification within sym-biotypes of Rlv was elicited by host plants. Contrariwise, that of hkg genes could be caused by either local adaptation to soil niches or by genetic drift. Long-term ecological isolation, genetic separation, and the ancestral position of V. formosa suggested that symbionts of V. formosa could be responsible for preserving ancestral genotypes of the Rlv biovar.

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Cordero-Erausquin, Dario. "Transport Inequalities for Log-concave Measures, Quantitative Forms, and Applications." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 69, no. 3 (June 1, 2017): 481–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2016-046-3.

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AbstractWe review some simple techniques based on monotonemass transport that allow us to obtain transport-type inequalities for any log-concave probability measures, and formore generalmeasures as well. We discuss quantitative forms of these inequalities, with application to the Brascamp-Lieb variance inequality.

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Tian, Zhenghong, and Pizhong Qiao. "Multiscale Performance Characterization of Concrete Formed by Controlled Permeability Formwork Liner." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 26, no. 4 (October 2013): 684–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0000199.

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Abdallah, Awad Elkarim Hassan, Abuobieda Bala Abusharib, Abdulhadi Mohamed Elbashir, and Ihab Hamed Nourien. "Utility of urinary calcium/creatinine ratio in evaluation of urinary stone formers: a Sudanese case control study." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 1 (December 19, 2016): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20164538.

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Background: Hypercalciuria is a common cause of urinary stone formation in both children and adults; one of the components of the comprehensive evaluation of stone formers is to measure 24 hours urinary calcium, which is a complicated method especially in children, therefore some physicians depend on calcium creatinine ratio instead of it. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of calcium/creatinine ratio as an evaluation tool for hypercalciuria in urinary stone formers.Methods: This was a case control study in which forty patients of urinary stone formers along with fifteen healthy controls group were enrolled; after fulfilling specific inclusion and exclusion criteria a questionnaire was filled, then an early morning urinary samples were collected for calcium and creatinine measurement to calculate the calcium creatinine ratio.Results: The results showed significantly higher mean value of calcium/creatinine ratio in the stone formers group compared with controls one. Also there were statistically insignificant differences in the urinary calcium between the two groups. Moreover this study showed higher mean values of both calcium and calcium/creatinine ratio in recurrent stone formers when compared with first time stone former.Conclusions: This study concluded that calcium/creatinine ratio is a useful and easier method for the initial evaluation of stone formers.

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Hou, Bing Xue. "Correlation between Slurry Pore Former Content and Electrochemical Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with an Aqueous Tape Casted Anode." Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (September 2013): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.54.

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Nickel oxide/yttrium stabilized zirconia (NiO/8YSZ) anodes with different amounts of pore formers for anode used for solid oxide fuel cell have been prepared by aqueous tape casting technique. The zeta potential of NiO/8YSZ aqueous suspensions with and without dispersants was characterized. Moreover, the viscosity of NiO/8YSZ aqueous suspensions with different amount of dispersants and pore formers were studied by the concentric cylindrical rotational viscometer. The microstructures of the anode with different amounts of pore formers were also studied by SEM. The electrochemical performance of the single cell with different amounts of pore formers (modified by 0.8 wt% of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) over graphite) was evaluated between 700 and 800 °C with hydrogen as the fuel and air as the oxidant. It was observed that the maximum power density of the single cell with the optimum amount of graphite content (20wt%) measured was over 0.8 Wcm-2 at 800 °C and the area specific resistance value was as low as 0.79Ωcm2. The study allowed identifying optimum amount of graphite modified by PVP as the most promising pore formers for the production of supporting anodes prepared by aqueous tape casting for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell application.

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Jahan, SMH, KY Lee, MIA Howlader, HM Bashar, and GN Hasan. "Molecular identification of parasitoid, Encarsia formosa gahan in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and determination of its secondary endosymbionts." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 4 (March 11, 2015): 563–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22532.

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In this study two pairs of primers based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (mtCOI) region and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene region were used for identifying very tiny and morphologically indistinguishable parasitoid Encarsia formosa (Gahan) which are specific to this insect. The fragment amplified by these primer pairs were 860 and 650 bp in length. Species specificity test showed that all E. formosa specimens were detected with no cross reactions with other aphelinid species, including E. sophia (Girault & Dodd), E. luteola, E. Inaron and E. Nigricephala. Using phylogenetic cladogram by the sequences analysis of both mtCOI and 28S rRNA genes could be detected in E. formosa accurately in all replicates. Cardinium and Wolbachia secondary endosymbiont were also detected in E. Formosa used by PCR amplification as well as sequence analysis of 16S-23S rDNA gene region. The molecular technique developed here would be useful for rapid and precise species identification, determination of the host spectrum and more effective utilization of E. formosa. This research work has been performed from January 2011 to June 2012 at the insect molecular physiology lab in the Republic of Korea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22532 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 563-578, December 2014

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Hou, Bing Xue, and Cheng Cheng Wang. "Correlation between Slurry Pore Former Content and Electrochemical Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with an Aqueous Tape Casted Anode." Advanced Materials Research 507 (April 2012): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.507.69.

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Nickel oxide/yttrium stabilized zirconia (NiO/8YSZ) anodes with different amounts of pore formers for anode used for solid oxide fuel cell have been prepared by aqueous tape casting technique. The zeta potential of NiO/8YSZ aqueous suspensions with and without dispersants was characterized. Moreover, the viscosity of NiO/8YSZ aqueous suspensions with different amount of dispersants and pore formers were studied by the concentric cylindrical rotational viscometer. The microstructures of the anode with different amounts of pore formers were also studied by SEM. The electrochemical performance of the single cell with different amounts of pore formers( modified by 0.8 wt% of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) over graphite) was evaluated between 700 and 800 °C with hydrogen as the fuel and air as the oxidant. It was observed that the maximum power density of the single cell with the optimum amount of graphite content (20wt%) measured was over 0.8 Wcm-2 at 800 °C and the area specific resistance value was as low as 0.79Ωcm2. The study allowed identifying optimum amount of graphite modified by PVP as the most promising pore formers for the production of supporting anodes prepared by aqueous tape casting for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell application.

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Leskey, Tracy C., Torri J. Hancock, and Starker E. Wright. "Host-tree-related differences in trap captures and electroantennogram activity of Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Canadian Entomologist 142, no. 3 (June 2010): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n09-074.

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AbstractThe plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), is a serious pest of stone and pome fruits (Rosaceae) in eastern North America. We recorded captures of adult plum curculios in the field and measured electroantennogram (EAG) activity in the laboratory associated with cultivars of four hosts, ‘Formosa’ Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.), ‘Stanley’ European plum (P. domestica L.), ‘Empire’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), and ‘Loring’ peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch) (Rosaceae) to determine whether hosts that may be attractive to the plum curculio under field conditions also elicit positive EAG responses. Trap captures of adults on ‘Formosa’ plum were significantly greater than on any other host, and corresponding headspace extracts also produced strong EAG responses throughout the active season. ‘Stanley’ plum and ‘Loring’ peach, the other stone-fruit hosts included in the study, elicited strong EAG responses throughout the season, although trap captures associated with these hosts were generally not as high as for ‘Formosa’ plum. Throughout the season, trap captures of adults were significantly lower for ‘Empire’ apple than for ‘Formosa’ plum, and EAG responses were much lower than for all stone-fruit hosts. Our results indicate that volatiles from ‘Formosa’ plum likely contain uniquecompounds or are comprised of ratios of stimulating compounds that make it much more attractive to plum curculio in the field.

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Mukhametrakhimov, Rustem, Airat Khuzin, and Dinara Khamidullina. "Quality improvement of monolithic steel fiber concrete floor slabs with void formers." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127406001.

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The features of the technology for the monolithic floors construction using void formers have been studied, its disadvantages have been identified and the ways to eliminate them have been proposed. At the first stage of this work, the reasons for the low quality of monolithic floors with void formers were studied by the method of visual and measuring control, and by comparing with known scientific and industrial data. At the second stage, by the method of systematization the main defects and damages arising in the construction, repair and usage of these floor slabs were classified and ways to eliminate them were proposed. At the third stage, the features of the quality control system, carried out directly during the construction of monolithic floor slabs using void formers, were studied, the composition of operations and control tools were proposed. According to the research results, it was found that the use of steel-fiber concrete in floors with non-removable void formers allows to reduce the percentage of reinforcement by 9.82%, compared to other known options, and also to reduce the consumption of concrete in comparison with a solid monolithic slab almost by half. The proposed quality control system will improve the efficiency of monolithic floor slabs using void formers.

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Chien, Hung-yi. "The Psalmanazar Affair and the Birth of Taiwan Studies in Europe: a Reassessment of the Historic Hoax." International Journal of Taiwan Studies 3, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 112–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24688800-00301008.

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A history of European Taiwan studies must mention a controversial man: George Psalmanazar. He not only claimed to be a native Formosan at meetings of the Royal Society but also published a book filled with his fictitious fantasy. This study suggests that Psalmanazar’s bold imposture encouraged the Royal Society to conduct a pioneering study of Formosa/Taiwan. Rather than rely on published travelogues to study remote places, the Royal Society found a qualified witness who had been to Formosa/Taiwan to offer reliable information. Based on Samuel Griffith’s testimony, the Royal Society agreed to reject Psalmanazar’s account. However, they remained silent in public and archived the conclusion against Psalmanazar. After the affair, Psalmanazar repented by providing correct information about Formosa/Taiwan in books that he was later involved with editing in the mid-eighteenth century. Thus, Psalmanazar was not only a catalyst of Formosa/Taiwan studies in Europe but also a researcher of the island.

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Yu, Hsiang-Ping, Peter Ng, and Shu-Ho Wu. "ACANTHONYX FORMOSA, A NEW SPECIES OF SPIDER CRAB (DECAPODA, BRACHYURA, MAJIDAE) FROM SEAWEED BEDS IN TAIWAN." Crustaceana 72, no. 2 (1999): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854099503285.

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AbstractA new species of spider crab, Acanthonyx formosa, is described from seaweed beds in Taiwan. The species is allied to A. euryseroche Griffin & Tranter, 1986, from western Australia, but differs markedly in the proportions of the adult male rostrum, and in the structure of the hepatic tooth, the third maxilliped, the adult male chela, and the male first pleopod. Acanthonyx formosa is only the second species of Acanthonyx known from the Pacific, the other being A. simplex Dana, 1852, from Hawaii. Une nouvelle espece de crabe, Acanthonyx formosa, est decrite de lits d'algues, a Taiwan. L'espece est apparentee a A. euryseroche Griffin & Tranter, 1986, d'Australie occidentale, mais en differe nettement dans les proportions du rostre du male adulte, la structure de la dent hepatique, le troisieme maxillipede, la pince du male adulte et le premier pleopode male. Acanthonyx formosa n'est que la seconde espece du genre connue du Pacifique, la premiere etant A. simplex Dana, 1852, des Hawa.

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Rendina, Domenico, Giuseppe Mossetti, Gianpaolo De Filippo, Michele Cioffi, and Pasquale Strazzullo. "Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Is Increased in Calcium Nephrolithiasis with Hypophosphatemia and Renal Phosphate Leak." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1606.

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Abstract Context: Nephrolithiasis affects about 10% of the population in industrialized countries, with calcium salts composing more than 80% of renal stones. A significant percentage of patients with calcium nephrolithiasis and normal parathyroid function show hypophosphatemia and reduced renal phosphate reabsorption (i.e. a renal phosphate leak). Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a regulator of phosphate homeostasis, in 110 recurrent stone formers with or without renal phosphate leak, six patients affected by X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, five patients affected by oncogenic osteomalacia, and 60 unrelated healthy controls. Design: This was a prospective interventional study. Methods: Renal phosphate leak was identified based on the occurrence of idiopathic hypophosphatemia [serum phosphate concentration < 2.50 mg/dl (<0.80 mmol/liter)] and reduced renal threshold phosphate concentration [<2.2 mg/liter (<0.70 mmol/liter)]. Results: In 22 stone formers with renal phosphate leak, serum FGF23 concentration was significantly higher as compared with 88 stone formers without renal phosphate leak and with controls [83.3 (65.6–101.1) vs. 32.1 (26.8–37.4) and 24.5 (19.8–29.1) reference units (RU)/ml, respectively]. Stone formers with renal phosphate leak showed lower FGF23, compared with patients with oncogenic osteomalacia and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets [572.3 (235.9–908.7) RU/ml]. Among stone formers and controls, serum FGF23 concentration displayed a strong inverse association with serum phosphate (r = −0.784, P = 0.009) and the rate of tubular phosphate reabsorption (r = −0.791, P = 0.008). Conclusions: In our study population, renal phosphate leak affected 20% of stone formers and was strongly associated with increased serum FGF23 concentration.

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Chirackal, Robin S., Muthuvel Jayachandran, Xiangling Wang, Samuel Edeh, Zejfa Haskic, Majuran Perinpam, Timothy M. Halling, Ramila Mehta, Marcelino E. Rivera, and John C. Lieske. "Urinary extracellular vesicle-associated MCP-1 and NGAL derived from specific nephron segments differ between calcium oxalate stone formers and controls." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 317, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): F1475—F1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00515.2018.

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Randall’s plaque (RP; subepithelial calcification) appears to be an important precursor of kidney stone disease. However, RP cannot be noninvasively detected. The present study investigated candidate biomarkers associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the urine of calcium stone formers (CSFs) with low (<5% papillary surface area) and high (≥5% papillary surface area) percentages of RP and a group of nonstone formers. RPs were quantitated via videotaping and image processing in consecutive CSFs undergoing percutaneous surgery for stone removal. Urinary EVs derived from cells of different nephron segments of CSFs ( n = 64) and nonstone formers ( n = 40) were quantified in biobanked cell-free urine by standardized and validated digital flow cytometer using fluorophore-conjugated antibodies. Overall, the number of EVs carrying surface monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were significantly lower in CSFs compared with nonstone former controls ( P < 0.05) but did not differ statistically between CSFs with low and high RPs. The number of EVs associated with osteopontin did not differ between any groups. Thus, EVs carrying MCP-1 and NGAL may directly or indirectly contribute to stone pathogenesis as evidenced by the lower of these populations of EVs in stone formers compared with nonstone formers. Validation of EV-associated MCP-1 and NGAL as noninvasive biomarkers of kidney stone pathogenesis in larger populations is warranted.

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Abdel-Wahab, M. A., and E. B. G. Jones. "Decaisnella formosa sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Massariaceae) from an Australian sandy beach." Canadian Journal of Botany 81, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 598–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b03-059.

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Decaisnella formosa sp. nov., an undescribed ascomycete, was discovered on intertidal wood from a beach on the Mornington Peninsula, National Park, Victoria, Australia. Of the eleven species described under the genus Decaisnella, none match D. formosa, which is described here as a new species.Key words: Loculoascomycetes, Melanommatales, marine fungi, muriform ascospores.

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Chakraborty, Shaunak, Somnath Ganguly, and Gautam R. Desiraju. "Synthon transferability probed with IR spectroscopy: cytosine salts as models for salts of lamivudine." CrystEngComm 16, no. 22 (2014): 4732–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ce42156b.

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Co-crystal screening of the anti-HIV drug lamivudine was carried out with dicarboxylic acids as co-formers. Salts of cytosine, a molecule that incorporates critical structural features of lamivudine, with the same co-formers, were taken as model systems for IR spectroscopic studies of the synthons in the salts of lamivudine.

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Fabijanić, Ivo. "Ortografija osnovnog oblika anglicizma u ruskoj računalnoj terminologiji i aspekt varijabilnosti." Croatica et Slavica Iadertina, no. 2 (January 18, 2017): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/csi.335.

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U članku se govori o četiri načina formiranja ortograﬁje osnovnoga oblika anglicizama u ruskoj računalnoj terminologiji. Analiza je provedena prema teoretskim i metodološkim principima proučavanja jezičnih dodira Rudolfa Filipovića. Budući da se analiziraju anglicizmi u ruskom, zbog speciﬁčnosti ruskoga fonetskog sustava, uvodi se i peti oblik adaptacije anglicizma na ortografskoj razini. Ortograﬁja osnovnog oblika anglicizma može se formirati na pet načina: prema ortograﬁji i izgovorumodela, njihovoj kombinaciji, utjecaju jezika posrednika i s obzirom na izgovor palataliziranih suglasnika. U analizi i klasiﬁkaciji ortograﬁje računalnih anglicizama u ruskom jeziku, korišteni su indeksi kojima je u Rječniku anglicizama u hrvatskom ili srpskom jeziku Rudolf Filipović označavao ortograﬁju osnovnih oblika anglicizama: 1.) indeks a koji predstavlja formiranje osnovnog oblika anglicizma prema izgovoru modela; 2.) indeks b – osnovni se oblik formira prema ortograﬁji modela; 3.) indeks c – osnovni se oblik formira kombinacijom izgovora i ortograﬁje; 4.) indeks d – osnovni se oblik formira pod utjecajem jezika posrednika te 5.) indeks e - osnovni se oblik formira prema izgovoru palataliziranih suglasnika. Zbog nesređene situacije u ovom dijelu leksika zamjetna je varijabilnost, tj. preinačivanje termina.

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Rockwood, Gary A., Kevin R. Armstrong, and Steven I. Baskin. "Species Comparison of Methemoglobin Reductase." Experimental Biology and Medicine 228, no. 1 (January 2003): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153537020322800111.

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Methemoglobin (MHb) formation is effective in treating cyanide (CN) poisoning. Endogenous activity of the enzyme MHb reductase (MR) reflects the capacity to reduce MHb and thus represents a key factor for evaluating anti-CN efficacy of MHb formers. MR activity was measured in whole blood of nine animal species and was compared with human MR activity. The animals in this comparative study included seven nonhuman primate (NHP) species, the beagle dog, and the ferret. Although exhibiting higher MR activity than in humans, the rhesus and aotus NHPs' average MR activity was the closest to humans', with raw data from each NHP showing overlap with human raw data. The beagle dog, used extensively to study anti-CN characteristics of MHb formers, was the sole species that displayed MR activity lower than in humans, with no data overlap. Based on MR activity, the rhesus and aotus NHPs may each represent a more accurate model for predicting human responses to MHb formers. The data from this study provides a unique interspecies enzyme comparison, which should facilitate future rational development of anti-CN MHb formers.

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Chalmers, A. H., D. M. Cowley, and J. M. Brown. "A possible etiological role for ascorbate in calculi formation." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.2.333.

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Abstract Studies of recurrent stone formers indicated that they have significantly increased urinary oxalate and decreased ascorbate excretions. Results of oral and intravenous administration of ascorbate indicate an enhanced production of oxalate from ascorbate in recurrent calcium stone formers as compared with normal persons and that most of this oxalate is generated in the gut.

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Auger, Sandrine, Nalini Ramarao, Christine Faille, Agnès Fouet, Stéphane Aymerich, and Michel Gohar. "Biofilm Formation and Cell Surface Properties among Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Strains of the Bacillus cereus Group." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 20 (July 31, 2009): 6616–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00155-09.

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ABSTRACT Biofilm formation by 102 Bacillus cereus and B. thuringiensis strains was determined. Strains isolated from soil or involved in digestive tract infections were efficient biofilm formers, whereas strains isolated from other diseases were poor biofilm formers. Cell surface hydrophobicity, the presence of an S layer, and adhesion to epithelial cells were also examined.

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Omran, Arthur, Cesar Menor-Salvan, Greg Springsteen, and Matthew Pasek. "The Messy Alkaline Formose Reaction and Its Link to Metabolism." Life 10, no. 8 (July 28, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10080125.

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Sugars are essential for the formation of genetic elements such as RNA and as an energy/food source. Thus, the formose reaction, which autocatalytically generates a multitude of sugars from formaldehyde, has been viewed as a potentially important prebiotic source of biomolecules at the origins of life. When analyzing our formose solutions we find that many of the chemical species are simple carboxylic acids, including α-hydroxy acids, associated with metabolism. In this work we posit that the study of the formose reaction, under alkaline conditions and moderate hydrothermal temperatures, should not be solely focused on sugars for genetic materials, but should focus on the origins of metabolism (via metabolic molecules) as well.

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Furukawa, Yoshihiro, Yoshinari Iwasa, and Yoshito Chikaraishi. "Synthesis of 13C-enriched amino acids with 13C-depleted insoluble organic matter in a formose-type reaction in the early solar system." Science Advances 7, no. 18 (April 2021): eabd3575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd3575.

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Solvent-soluble organic matter (SOM) in meteorites, which includes life’s building molecules, is suspected to originate from the cold region of the early solar system, on the basis of 13C enrichment in the molecules. Here, we demonstrate that the isotopic characteristics are reproducible in amino acid synthesis associated with a formose-type reaction in a heated aqueous solution. Both thermochemically driven formose-type reaction and photochemically driven formose-type reaction likely occurred in asteroids and ice-dust grains in the early solar system. Thus, the present results suggest that the formation of 13C-enriched SOM was not specific to the cold outer protosolar disk or the molecular cloud but occurred more widely in the early solar system.

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Le Goff, Gérard. "Une nouvelle espèce rare d’Euglossini pour la Guyane Française : Eufriesea formosa Mocsáry, 1908. Description de l’allotype mâle (Hymenoptera, Apidae)." Osmia 5 (2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.47446/osmia5.1.

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A new rare species of Euglossini for French Guiana: Eufriesea formosa Mocsáry, 1908. Description of the male allotype (Hymenoptera, Apidae). - I report on the presence in French Guiana of Eufriesea formosa Mocsáry, of which several females and a yet unknown male have been discovered. I also provide an illustrated description of the male allotype of this species.

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Jung, Hae Do, and Joo Yong Lee. "Prevention and management of urinary stone." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 63, no. 11 (November 10, 2020): 684–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2020.63.11.684.

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The prevalence of urolithiasis is increasing not only in South Korea but also around the world. Urolithiasis has a high recurrence rate, therefore, reducing it is very important in the quality of life for stone formers. For this purpose, dietary modifications and drug therapy can be performed through stone analysis and 24-hour urine collection. Stone analysis is recommended for all stone formers, and the 24-hour urine collection is usually recommended for recurrent stone formers or high-risk groups. A general dietary modification for all stone formers includes a sufficient fluid intake, low levels of sodium, sugar, and animal protein, a normal calcium diet, as well as a high amount of citrate intake. Drug therapy should be performed in cases such as the recurrence of stones or increase of the existing ones, even after the application of preservation therapy, such as dietary modification. The ideal drug therapy should prevent the occurrence of urolithiasis, have no side effects, and have a suitable patientsʼ compliance. Follow-up should be performed periodically, through 24-hour urine collections and imaging studies. For follow-up imaging studies, a lowdose non-enhanced computed tomography is recommended, and it can be performed once a year if the patient is in a stable state. To control various and complex metabolic abnormalities in recurrent stone formers, multiple approaches may be required through diet modifications, drug therapy, treatment of the metabolic syndrome, and lifestyle modifications.

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Stansbridge, Elizabeth M., Damian G. Griffin, and Valerie Walker. "Who makes uric acid stones and why—observations from a renal stones clinic." Journal of Clinical Pathology 66, no. 5 (March 1, 2013): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201373.

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AimsExcessively acidic urine is the dominant factor in uric acid stone formation. Recent evidence implicating insulin resistance has revived interest in its causation. We reviewed data on uric acid stone formers attending a general stones clinic to find out whether this supports and adds to current concepts.MethodsA retrospective database study of 1504 stone formers investigated at the Southampton renal stones clinic from 1990 to March 2007. Uric acid stone formers and idiopathic calcium stone formers were compared using non-parametric tests.ResultsFifty-nine patients (3.9%; 43 men) had uric acid stones. In men the commonest associated conditions were diabetes (20%), gout (20%) and an ileostomy (15%); in women, diabetes (33%), urinary infections (27%) and hyperparathyroidism (20%). Most patients with diabetes (85% of men, 75% of women), however, produced calcium stones. Risk factors did not differ significantly between calcium and uric acid stone formers with diabetes, gout or ileostomies. The median urine pH of men with idiopathic calcium stones was 6.20, idiopathic uric acid stones 5.47, diabetes 5.68, gout 6.05, diabetes and gout 5.20 and ileostomy 5.10. Plasma urate was higher with gout and idiopathic uric acid stones. Urate excretion was increased in gout. Oxalate excretion was lower with idiopathic uric acid stones (new finding). Urine volume decreased and oxalate concentration increased with ileostomy.ConclusionsUric acid stones are increased in diabetes, but most patients with diabetes make calcium stones. Different mechanisms may explain low pH with diabetes, gout and idiopathic stones. Low oxalate excretion with idiopathic urate stones needs confirmation.

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KVIFTE, GUNNAR MIKALSEN. "Pericoma nielseni nom. nov., a replacement name for Pericoma formosa Nielsen, 1964, preoccupied by Pericoma formosa Meunier, 1905 (Diptera: Psychodidae)." Zootaxa 2726, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2726.1.4.

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Pericoma formosa Meunier, 1905 was described from Baltic amber and is of dubious systematic placement within the Psychodinae (Hennig, 1972; Meunier, 1905). Pericoma formosa Nielsen, 1964 was described from Zealand in Denmark and has later been found in Norway, France, Finland and the Czech and Slovak Republics (Ježek, 2006; Nielsen, 1964). The current work resolves the hitherto unrecognised homonymy of these names.

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Fons-Badal, Carla, Antonio Fons-Font, Carlos Labaig-Rueda, M. Fernanda Solá-Ruiz, Eduardo Selva-Otaolaurruchi, and Rubén Agustín-Panadero. "Analysis of Predisposing Factors for Rapid Dental Calculus Formation." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 3 (March 20, 2020): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030858.

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Background: Calculus accumulation varies widely between individuals. Dental calculus has been associated with the principal periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze individual characteristics, and salivary and microbiological parameters among patients considered to be rapid calculus formers and patients who form calculus slowly. Methods: Individual characteristics were recorded in a sample of 74 patients (age, sex, smoking, periodontal diagnosis, and dental crowding), as well as salivary parameters (unstimulated saliva flow, pH, and biochemical analysis of saliva) and microbiological parameters (by means of semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis). Results: A statistically significant association (p = 0.002) was found between the rate of calculus formation and the diagnosis of periodontal disease. A greater presence of dental crowding was observed among the group of rapid calculus formers. Urea and phosphorus levels were higher among rapid calculus formers. Regarding microbiological parameters, differences were found in Streptococcus mutans, this being higher in the group of slow formers. Conclusions: Rapid calculus formation appears to be linked to patients diagnosed with more severe periodontal diseases. Rapid calculus-forming patients present more dental crowding and a lower proportion of S. mutans.

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Martins, Gabriela Neves, Messias Gonzaga Pereira, Roberto Ferreira da Silva, Anna Christina Sanazário de Oliveira, and Franceli da Silva. "Efeito do pólen nas características físicas e fisiológicas de sementes de mamão." Revista Brasileira de Sementes 31, no. 2 (2009): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-31222009000200002.

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A ocorrência do fenômeno xênia, considerado como o resultado do cruzamento que se manifesta na primeira geração da planta mãe, há muito é conhecida. Entretanto, pouco é conhecido a respeito da contribuição do efeito do pólen no comportamento das sementes de mamão. Objetivou-se neste trabalho, avaliar a influência do pólen nas características físicas e fisiológicas das sementes de mamão. As sementes utilizadas foram provenientes de frutos dos grupos Solo e Formosa, oriundos de polinização manual, correspondente aos seguintes tratamentos: T1- Solo autofecundado; T2 - Formosa autofecundado; T3 - Solo x Formosa; T4 - Formosa x Solo; T5 - T3 autofecundado; T6 - T4 autofecundado. Foram realizadas as seguintes determinações e testes: número de sementes por fruto, tamanho da semente, peso de mil sementes, testes de germinação, primeira contagem, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento da radícula, hipocótilo e teste de frio. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Não se verificou efeito da origem do pólen nas características físicas das sementes. Para qualidade fisiológica das sementes não foi possível avaliar o efeito da xênia, uma vez que, observou-se a manifestação precoce da heterose.

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Marin, Sergio Lucio David, Messias Gonzaga Pereira, Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior, Luiz Aurélio Peres Martelleto, and Carlos David Ide. "Partial diallel to evaluate the combining ability for economically important traits of papaya." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 6 (December 2006): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000600005.

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The dependence of Brazil on imported improved papaya seeds was the main motivation for this research that primarily intended to evaluate the combining ability of eight genotypes from the 'Solo' group, crossed with eight genotypes from the 'Formosa' group following a partial diallel scheme. The traits mean fruit weight, brix degree and flavor revealed prevalence of additive effects in both genetic groups, while plant height was preponderantly additive only for the 'Solo' genotypes. On the other hand, the yield trait expressed additive superiority for the 'Formosa' genotypes. For intrapopulation breeding for higher yield, the indicated genotypes are 'Maradol' and 'Cariflora' from the 'Formosa' group as well 'Sunrise Solo 783' and 'Sunrise Solo TJ' from the 'Solo' group; but, when the objective is to breed for better fruit quality, the genotypes 'JS 12' and 'JS 11' ('Formosa' group), and 'Sunrise Solo72/12' and 'Baixinho de Santa Amália' ('Solo' group) are indicated. Based on the set of evaluated traits, the best hybrid combinations were 'Sunrise Solo 72/12 × JS 12', 'Sunrise Solo TJ × JS 12', 'Baixinho de Santa Amália × JS 12', 'Sunrise Solo TJ X JS 11' and 'Sunrise Solo 72/12 × Costa Rica'.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Formord'

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