Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Formation esthétique'
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Mottier, Hélène. "Arts visuels et cognition : Développement visuel et formation du jugement esthétique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALS019.
Full textThis thesis aimed to improve our knowledge on the emergence of the aesthetic preference for visual objects in humans. In order to examine the effect of personal experience in the emergence of aesthetic judgment, we investigated the link between adults’ aesthetic preference judgments and visual preferences of 4-to-24-month-old infants and adults. If personal and cultural experience was necessary for the emergence of aesthetic judgment, differences were expected between subjective aesthetic judgments of adults and infants’ preference. Behavioural similarities in both infants and adults would underline the importance of perceptual processing and implicit memory integration in the formation of aesthetic judgment. High-level cognitive processes and personal experience playing a secondary role. Our first study examined the link between adults’ preference judgment and visual preference of infants and adults for moving dot patterns. For these moving dots, adult preference judgment predicted the looking time of both infants and adults. Studies 2.a and 2.b used portraits, although adults’ aesthetic preference judgments were robust and predicted adults’ looking time, they did not predict infants’ visual behaviour. Likewise for landscapes, adults’ aesthetic preference judgment did not predict the looking time of infants nor adults (study 3). Even if both adults and infants looked more often towards salient regions for portraits and landscapes (study 4), the visual information processed is insufficient to explain the aesthetic preference judgments of adults. The correlation between preference judgment and visual preference in the case of moving dot patterns could be explained by an early preference for moderate degrees of complexity (Berlyne, 1971). Study 5.a focused on the visual preference of infants towards complex or simple biological movements, and study 5.b towards biological movements and their more complex scrambled version. The results supported a preference for complexity in biological and non-biological movement. Personal experience is a necessary step in the formation of aesthetic judgment for works of art, even realistic ones. For singular visual stimuli such as motions or social stimuli such as faces, the formation of aesthetic judgment seems to predate personal experience. Our results may reflect the difference between attractiveness and aesthetics which requires further investigation
Garrido-Wainer, Juan-Manuel. "La formation des formes : essai sur la naissance de la sensibilité dans l'esthétique critique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20062.
Full textIn the schematism without concept that characterizes the reflective aesthetic judgment, the synthesis of apprehension in the intuition becomes free from the synthesis of reproduction in the imagination and of recognition in the concept. Thus, it must be explained in terms of the structure of pure forms of sensibility, space and time. In the realm of the taste, indeed, the synthesis is initially produced at the level of these forms. The beautiful is the play of space-time forming forms or forming itself indefinitely in them, before the formation of any objectivity (even an "indeterminate" one) ; the sublime is the seriousness of an immensity that devastating space and time, challenges intuition to feel its constitutive limits. All of the might imply that the synthesis of pure forms of sensibility is not grounded upon the transcendental imagination. The "Transcendental Aesthetics" might, in this sense, be read from a different perspective than the one derived from "Transcendental Schematism" (and therefore different than the prevailing interpretation of the Kantbuch). The ontological grounds of pure intuition are no longer derived from the "spontaneity" of imagination but they are based upon the very passivity of the sensibility and consequently in the sense-data itself. It is in the ontological condition of data where we locate the first birth or the archi-formation of the formal conditions for any giving ; the synthesis of the pure forms of intuition must be based upon what we here call the syntheses of sensation (interpreted as that factual character of data or as an non-categorial reality) and of the thing (interpreted as the difference phenomenon / thing in itself that allows for phenomenality in general). Starting from these syntheses one can build an ontological theory of the sensible, one that underlies and provides the fundament of the the theory of pure intuition (in the first and third critique). Would this not also imply an aesthetic meaning of being, preceding any ontological understanding (transcendental imagination)?
Darriulat, Jacques. "Qu'est-ce qu'un tableau? : essai sur la formation des images en Europe depuis Giotto." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010560.
Full textThe iconological analysis of Arnolfini's wedding, by Jan Van Eyck, reveals the three constitutent dimensions of painting : "spectacular", "haullucinar" and "oneiric". Spectacular order comments the foundation : Giotto invents a new space of absolute clearnes - the "majesty"- in which obviousness is necessary truth, an aesthetical perspective whose meaning is panoramic amplitude more than geometrical construction. From mosaic through leaded glass window unto @painting, we can enumerate the degrees of this aperture. Hallucinar order turns upside down and darken this brightness. The conjurer, by H. Bosch, gives us a model : here, the glance is falling into a side trap. The glory of majestic gives up its seat to grotesque figures which come from periphery and invade center. The hallucinar opposition becomes quieter when figures of condensa- tion are appearing : diana the nymph and christopher the ferryman. Then, the infinite development of oneiric time may be opened out. The first anatomy lesson, by Rembrandt, begins this third movement. The sparkle of the hallucinar glance vanishes and the painting becomes the mirror of time. Thus, imaginary cohesions take shape and lead the erudite research : a medievel legend renews the interpretation of the conjurer, by H. Bosch, and confirms its adherence to the hallucinar order. Finally, we way set down the rules of our method : from the point of the aesthetic encounter, the meaning of the images is growing up. It is, first, the fixation of the signal; then, the ambivalence of the symbol; and, at last
Gonthier, Joëlle. "Éléments, l'ambition de l'art et le souci de la formation après Cézanne, Duchamp, Feuys, et leurs célibataires mêmes." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010545.
Full textLaget, Laurie-Anne. "Les premières Greguerías dans le creuset esthétique des années 1910 : formation littéraire et réception de Ramón Gómez de la Serna." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030111.
Full textRamón Gómez de la Serna (1888-1963) was the author of a work that introduced in Spain a kind of writing whose singularity was very early underlined by the critics. In 1912, he created the Greguerías, a brief and playful literary form which was immediately commented on for its novelty tinged with subversion. Within a few years, that form spread throughout the Spanish press and was welcomed in a positive way outside the frontiers of the peninsula. Until 1962, Ramón Gómez de la Serna published numbers of these short paragraphs in newspapers or anthologies. He defined them as the alliance of humour and metaphor, and combined there his research into dissonance with a poetical work on our perception of the world. Yet, it is the later form of the greguería that is best known today; very few studies have focused on the literary education of Ramón Gómez de la Serna and raised the issue of the readings which may have influenced the author or o! f the editorial choices which gave birth to the greguerías. The purpose of this study is to reassess the literary position of Ramón Gómez de la Serna within the context of his training, that of the years 1910. The models of writing prevailing then and the vocational dimension the craft took on at the time — shaped by a daily collaboration with newspapers and magazines — were the essential aesthetic foundations of the writer’s future work. In this context, the Ramonian prose sheds a new light on the plural and syncretic nature of what I have called the aesthetic ferment of the years 1910 in Spain
Hassan, Iyas. "Le récit coranique et sa réécriture au IIe/VIIIe siècle. Éléments d'une mutation esthétique et culturelle autour de la formation des genres narratifs arabes." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030106.
Full textOur research examines story’s genesis in the Arabic literature from two points of view: the role played by religious literature in this genesis and the progressive development of the written culture during the first two centuries of Islam. Unlike thesis which consider narrative as an extraneous genre to Arabic literature, our corpus, based on narrative texts well known by Islamic studies yet often neglected by literature’s researchers, led us to affirm that an Arabic narrativity was born in an archaic oral tradition and that earliest centuries’ texts with religious character represent an essential link in the configuration of the Arabic narrative tradition.The analysis is founded on a comparative study of two versions of the same religious text, one from The Qur’an (Mūsā and the Servant of God, XVIII : 60-82), dating back to the first quarter of the 7th century, and the other from the commentary of Muqātil b. Sulaymān in the middle of the 8th century. It is indeed possible to define an Arabic archaic narrativity rooted in the orality that we can in the first version of the story. Meanwhile the second version, giving the fact that it belongs to a written genre, the commentary, highlights a certain detachment from the oral communication’s structures. Therefore, the period between these two chronological references could be seen as a shifting stage, both cultural and aesthetic. This shifting stage opens the way for a study concerning the development of the writing’s practice in an oral context and as well the impact of this cultural evolution on the conception of story
Nadon, Catherine. "Recherche développement d'un modèle didactique de l'enseignement-apprentissage de l'expérience esthétique de l'art postmoderne dans le cadre de la formation en arts visuels au collégial." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37497.
Full textHassan, Soulaf. "La pratique des ateliers d'écriture créative en classe de FLE comme formation à la compétence linguistique, interculturelle et esthétique : le texte littéraire au sein du projet didactique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR2049/document.
Full textToday, the practice of creative writing workshops has its place in the classrooms of French Foreign Language (FFL). But it is clear that the activities proposed in these workshops focus mainly on linguistic and cultural learning.This PhD research sets up an original implementation of the action-oriented approach advocated by the CEFR. It proposes to intersect the fields of language teaching, literature teaching and didactics of the production of written FFL, in order to determine the specificity and the impact of literary writing workshops on building linguistic, cross-cultural and aesthetic skills.Through the analysis of literary productions written during the experiment, the study aims to observe how learners of FFL, considered as social actors who use their linguistic and cultural repertoire, show their literary creativity.We focus our attention on the strategies they adopt when appropriating the proposed writing protocols, and on their stylistic choices, whether borrowed or original. We show that limited linguistic knowledge and expertise is not necessarily an obstacle to creativity, and that literary writing tasks urge every learner to work on the language with the purpose of self-expression of his worldview, of the evolution of his relationship to the target foreign language, of its linguistic biography, and of human communication.A concluding chapter offers exploring resources for a course in creative writing and for teacher training
Mapelli, Maria. "La Renaissance, l'intelligence connective et l'âge numérique : un nouveau défi pour repenser la formation." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0138.
Full textThis research-work aims to find the conditions of possibility for the discourses on the virtual moving from a specific perspective: the virtual is, indeed traced back to the reflected image. Thus to the mirror image (specular), therefore to the mirror as a catroptic instrument, which, since the ancient times in the West, has been considered the place of emergence for virtual images. This research therefore aims to indicate the first elements for a genealogy of the virtual. Which allows the focalization of the difference among cognitive orders that depend on the mimesis and theoretical paradigms, technological instruments and practices capable to enhance, by means of phantasia, the production of simulacri that do not depend on transcendent or pre-existent models. The whole first part of this dissertation tries to individuate some of the conditions of possibility for the discourses on the virtual and particularly to account for the distance from the previous tradition that can be especially found in the last writings of Giordano Bruno, which revalue the phantasia and treat the theme of the metaphor of the mirror that is indeed presented as via inveniendi and ratio docendi. The second part of this dissertation presents a particular approach to the Internetworld, to the contemporary virtual worlds: one will present the results of an experimentation that makes use of a collective blog as laboratory for practices of connective intelligence, self-reflection and emergence of identity
Baudin, Rodolphe. "Formation et poétique du roman russe au XVIIIe siècle : le système romanesque des années 1760." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040107.
Full textThe aim of the present work is to consider the novels of the first Russian novelists Fedor Emin, Mikhail Kheraskov and Mikhail Chulkov as a closed system moved by specific dynamics. Figured, according to the polysystem theory, as the expression of the attempts of our three authors to impose their own norm at the center of the system, while rejecting competitive norms to its periphery, these dynamics appear at all levels of the novels' poetics. Widely determined by the readers' judgment, more and more important in the process of literary production as the novel develops, these dynamics progressively exhaust all the possibilities offered by the system, bringing the collapse of the new genre, which disappears in Russia for nearly a decade, and is replaced by the competitive system of satirical journals
Richard, Annette. "Itinéraires pour une appropriation des oeuvres picturales : finalités et conditions d'une initiation à l'art chez des élèves de lycée : propositions de méthode." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA08A009.
Full textGarcia, de la Barga Claudia. "Dynamique identitaire et capacitaire en situation de formation : le cas des créateurs de mode." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30097/document.
Full textThe main purpose of our research was to explore the relation between the creative processes and the identity construction. The creative act is personal, subjective an intimate. «Action is to be found at the heart of subjectivity because it has the power of relating aspirations, representations, as well as values and the sense of ability» (Costalat-Founeau, 2008). Our research leans on the theoretical basis of ego-ecology (Zavalloni & Louis-Guérin, 1984; Zavalloni, 2007) which highlights the complexity of the exchanges contributing to the construction of sense and way of being and acting at the very core of identity dynamics. This approach sees the individual on a holistic way; it conceives identity as an internal environment and focuses on the analysis of social representations built as imaged metaphors of reality. The subject as a transactional and dialogical agent is a discursive subject. It's with and in the speech that ego-ecology and the IMIS method try to find a relation between internal and external environment elements by finding identity words that are used as ontological regulators of the identity dynamic and any creative project. The creative project starts and boosts itself in the subject's subjectivity preferring the expression of emotions, values, aspirations, motivations and abilities that take part of a productive power focused on internal and external coherence. We made this exploratory study on a longitudinal way using as subjects fashion design students during three years
Gewerc, Monique. "Formation culturelle des enseignants : qu'offrent les musées de la ville de Rio de Janeiro ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ2002.
Full textThis thesis seeks to understand the contribution of art museums in the city of Rio de Janeiro as a locus of cultural and aesthetic training for teachers in the early years of basic education and the relationship that teachers establish with these cultural spaces. Understanding cultural training as a right and part of teacher training implies assuming diversity, continuity and mediation as part of ethical, political and aesthetic principles of humanizing teacher training. Cultural formation is configured in an intentional, continued, mediated, reflexive and shared process that provides aesthetic experiences so that cultural formation is not just a veneer that represents only one voice. With the support of authors from the field of Education and Museum Education, the concept of aesthetic and cultural formation is approached from a theoretical review, from the perspective of teachers and museum educators. An online questionnaire, interviews and document analysis were the data production tools used. The research findings indicated that, despite an underutilization of the art museum as a place of formation, the investigated museums offer activities that prioritize the authorship and creativity of teachers in a process that involves listening and the permeability of knowledge. As for the teachers, it was possible to observe that the concept of cultural training is not clear and, in general, the idea of access to legitimate cultural goods prevails as a model. This perception affects the relationship that the teacher establishes with the city's cultural facilities and the compensatory vision that runs through his practice with children. However, it was also possible to observe the emergence of dissonant voices that associate a cultural formation with a sensitive formation that transforms the subjectivity of the subject and privileges diversity and otherness
Pernot, Pascal. "À propos de la cause en psychanalyse." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA083734.
Full textFreud discovers that the cause of thought and desire lies in a "defective translation" between verbal representation, that the mecanisms governing the unconscious subvert the rationality founded on Kantian a priories. They ignore the linearity of time and the binary geometry of space as a result of the absence of negation. Freud develops intrinsically in the clinic of the unconscious a knowledge in harmony with these data. The cause of lack is attributed to the hiatus between verbal chains. Seeking to situate it extrinsically in the positivist science of the 19th century, Freud calls on the erroneous - but accepted at the time - causal hypothesis of the phylogenetic transmission of the memory of the threat of the father of a primitive horde and the guilt resulting from his murder. Biology, logic, ethnology, linguistics, psychology invalidate this theory. Jacques Lacan, taking these criticisms into account as early as 1938, formalises the unconscious reason, the rationality of the subjective cause, the consistence of psychoanalysis using successive topological approaches (graphs and surfaces for instrinsicness, knots for extrinsicness). He substracts analysis from the Popperian critique of tautology and opens a rigorous clinical field independent from biology and psychiatry. His advance opens up to an ethic of the contemporary subject without transcendent alterity. It allows the transmission of knowledge constructed in the cure. The topology of knots after 1972 implies new considerations on the "passe", a device invented by Lacan in his School of psychoanalysis to sanction the end of a cure and guarantee the training of the psychoanalyst
Dupont, Pascal. "Le débat interprétatif littéraire au cycle 3 de l'ecole primaire : émergence d'un genre scolaire disciplinaire." Toulouse 2, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975803.
Full textOur research aims to explore the interpretative literary debate, a new and emblematic subject which appeared in the French primary school programs in 2002, and more particularly the conditions of its emergence as a school subject genre, from three levels: historical and epistemological, didactic, and in terms of classroom practice. To do this, we have developed the concept of the genre mega-tool, borrowed from psycholinguistics, as a place of educational intervention to build a descriptive model that can account for fields that fall within our subject, oral and literature, and translate into observable ordinary practices. We have developed this model to test two case studies in interpretation sessions of literary works. The corpus analyzed compare transcripts of sessions conducted by experienced teachers and beginning teachers, their preparation, and post-session interviews. The first case study validates the categorization of our model and specifies the linguistic components of interaction: modulation of the mediation system and report of the place of the teacher, structuring of exchange of polymanaged rounds, moving postures of student reading. The second, given over to the investment of the mega-tool by teachers to define teaching objects, plan and conduct the activity, shows that school subject genres function as an ecosystem whose components are interdependent and interrelated, and suggests the intricacy of language and subject learning
Tampákī, Anna. "Le thèatre néohellénique : génèse e formation : ses composantes sociales, idéologiques et esthétiques." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0112.
Full textProst, Camille. "Une ontologie du quatuor à cordes : philosophie de la musique pour quatre instrumentistes." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30058/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to build an ontology of the string quartet. The designation ‘string quartet’ can refer to three different meanings: a group of four musical instruments (formation), a genre, or a group of four musicians who play together. In musicology, a string quartet is distinguished by the homogeneity of the timbres, the individuality of voices, the quaternity and the specific dialogism of the voices. This work proposes to describe these three semantic levels and their essential characteristics, hence a wide selected corpus: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Reicha, Bartók, Schönberg, Feldman, F.Baschet amongst others. The first part consists of an ontology of the instrument formation and shows that a quartet is a “structure of performing means” which became autonomous with regard to the “pure structure” as defined by Jerrold Levinson. From that point of view, the string quartet is a reliable paradigm to think of the birth of other formations and their historical developments. The second part consists in constructing an ontology of the genre and demonstrates that the historical evolution of the string quartet is not paradigmatic but exemplary; and that its development is determined by a balance between plasticity and crystallisation. The final part examines the ontological limits of the string quartet: on the one hand, the timbre, and on the other, the musicians’ bodies through specific physical gestures. This thesis, therefore, aims to develop an ontological system that is characterised by its different essential elements, its specific rules (plasticity versus crystallisation), and its limits. These philosophical analyses not only relate to existing musicological research, but also involve a consideration of dance performance, film and various other artistic works
Araújo, Costa Fabiano. "Poétiques du « Lieu Interactionnel-Formatif » : sur les conditions de constitution et de reconnaissance mutuelle de l’expérience esthétique musicale audiotactile (post-1969) comme objet artistique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040107.
Full textThis study consists of a hermeneutic approach of the phenomenon of musical interaction as aesthetic experience, within the inter- and trans-cultural contexts of the post-1969 jazz. A critical review of the traditional musicological analysis on the subject of interaction in jazz was an essential tool for this work to propose a formalization of the hermeneutical concept of the “Interactional-Formative Space” [IFS], which consists of a set of conditions that institutes the interactional aesthetic experience as a dynamic process of constitution and mutual recognition of the artistic rules that, regardless of the poetic agenda pre-adopted, can lead the improvised musical performance into being work of art. There are two key approaches to this conception, which we discuss in the first part of this work: the formativity theory of the Italian philosopher Luigi Pareyson, and the phenomenology and taxonomy of the music experience as audiotactile formativity of Vincenzo Caporaletti. Our main purpose is to build an in-depth view of some characteristics of the Pareysonian formativity, particularly the one regarding the isomorphism between the person and the work in process, alongside with the cultural-cognitive-anthropologic design of the audiotactile formativity theory, which results in a philological contribution to the conceptualization of Caporaletti, making way for a confrontation between these two theoretical systems and the general problem of the interaction. Finally, in the second part, we propose the formalization of the interpersonal, contextual, and systemic dimensions of the IFS and also a series of three analytical essays
Besbes, Fehmi. "Improvisation et dramaturgie, l’« Improturgie » en Tunisie : poïétique de l’œuvre en devenir à l’exemple d’Otages par le Théâtre organique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100132.
Full textThe subject of this study is to investigate the place of improvisation in the Tunisian theatrical creation since its inception, as it appears in many paratheatrical forms (such as el-fedawi, the solo storyteller, Jha, the wise joker, underground theatre, etc.), until nowadays. The focus is laid on the organic relationship between improvisation and dramatic art in Tunisian theatrical formation and creation throughout the last decades. The concept of "improturgie", which spans the whole dissertation, accounts for a poietic which is specific to particular playwrights such as Ezzeddine GANNOUN and Fadhel JAÏBI, and consists of making a play by drawing on the work on stage in the search for a playwrighting which reflects the historical, cultural, social, ideological and political context of the play. In the absence of a dramatic directory, "improturgie" appears not only as a catalyst towards a militant drama – fighting against state imperialism and all forms of fundamentalism – but also as a research laboratory for more novel theatrical forms in the Arab and Muslim worlds
Fjeld, Anders. "L'expérimentation de n'importe qui : Du défi de Marx à la cartographie ranciérienne des formations sociales." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC027.
Full textHow to understand the idea of experimenting as anyone? We will interrogate the way in which experimentation defines its problems, opens new possibilities and engages transformative processes of our social spaces. In order to do so, it is necessary to develop an "aesthetic cartography" of the social realm, in order to map the several worlds being explored in this realm, with their different problems, coordinates and horizons, as well as to understand how they interact and enter into conflict. We enter into these reflexions through a mutual questioning of Karl Marx and Jacques Rancière, trying to identity the democratic tendencies of Marx with the hypothesis that Rancière's philosophy radicalizes them. This will permit us to reject the common interpretations of Rancière and engage a reevaluation of his works from 1974 to today in order to search for other continuities and conceptual developments. From there, we develop the idea of an aesthetic cartography linked to an "ethics of the problem", as well as four experimental registers, and thus four respective social formations: police, utopia, politics and democracy. We will develop these ideas through readings of the experimentations of Claudette Colvin, Alphonse Bertillon, Jean-Baptiste André Godin, Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Louis Gabriel Gauny, Lewis Carroll (revisited by Walt Disney) and James Agee
Larouche, Sophie. "Une démarche de recherche sur la formation de l'acteur : la "vérité" du jeu à travers quatre esthétiques théâtrales." Thèse, 2011. http://constellation.uqac.ca/2519/1/030289078.pdf.
Full textDor, Simon. "Repenser l’histoire de la jouabilité : l’émergence du jeu de stratégie en temps réel." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13964.
Full textThis thesis is a reflection on the stakes of a history of the real-time strategy (RTS) genre. The goal is to understand contexts in which RTS makes sense to historicize its emergence and its classical period. It seeks to document, on the one hand, the crystallization of RTS as an object having a relatively stable form and as a precise and identified corpus and, on the other hand, the emergence of classical RTS gameplay figures. The first part of this thesis describes the object of this research in order to understand the complexity of the words “strategy” and “strategy games.” The second part puts in place the epistemological thinking by showing how gameplay can be taken into account in a history of video games. It defines the gameplay paradigm concept as a discursive formation to regroup actional statements as a logical unit that is not necessarily equivalent to a genre. The third part maps the emergence of the genre from wargames in the 1970s to multiplayer games of the following decade. Two gameplay paradigms are distinguished and will form the classical RTS: the paradigm of decryption and the paradigm of prediction. The last part explains the role of classical RTS by showing how these two paradigms coexist as two different game modes that offer fundamentally different gameplay experiences.
Spitzl-Dupic, Friederike. "LE LANGAGE : ETUDES HISTORIOGRAPHIQUES DES APPROCHES LINGUISTIQUES, PHILOSOPHIQUES ET ESTHETIQUES AU XVIIIème SIECLE." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594885.
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