Relevant bibliographies by topics / Formalism (Art)

Academic literature on the topic 'Formalism (Art)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Formalism (Art)"

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Tchougounnikov, Serge. "European Formalism and Empiriocriticism: Formalism within the International Empiriocritical Movement." Linguistic Frontiers 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lf-2020-0004.

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AbstractThis paper argues that Russian Formalism is to be considered a constitutive part of the international empiriocritical movement—Ernst Mach (1838—1916) and Richard Avenarius’s (1843—1896). The conceptual parallelism between Empiriocriticism and Formalism is striking indeed. Thus, the cornerstones of the empiriocritical approach—the concept of series [Reihe] and the concept of elements [Elemente], understood as sensations [Empfindungen]—are plainly recognizable within formalist theories: the notion of ‘series’ (for example, the notion of ‘literary series’ or ‘poetic series’, leading to the famous concept of ‘literariness’, literaturnost’) and the very formalist idea of a necessarily perceptible character of aesthetic form are only two, most famous, examples of this astonishing affinity. Here are some of the most striking convergences between Empiriocriticism and Formalism: the relativity of any knowledge; continuity between knowledge and perception; the pragmatic dominant; the leitmotif of ‘the Unsalvageable Ego’. Besides, the paper seeks to situate Russian Formalism within European Aesthetic German-speaking Formalism. This kind of formalism formulates some basic oppositions correlated to different types of forming being associated with specific means and specific formal devices to affect them. In this context, particular morphological features result in producing particular feelings conceived in the spatial or syntactic perspective. From its German-speaking analogue, Russian Formalism has inherited this relational and spatial definition of feelings and, largely speaking, of emotionality within art. Indeed, both formalisms treat emotion as a ‘non-subjective’, ‘kinetic’, ‘syntactic’ phenomenon located on the surface of aesthetic objects.
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Lauter, Estella. "Re-enfranchising Art: Feminist Interventions in the Theory of Art." Hypatia 5, no. 2 (1990): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1990.tb00419.x.

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Feminist analyses of the roles gender has played in art lead to an alternative theory that emphasizes art's complex interactions with culture(s) rather than the autonomy within culture claimed for it by formalism. Focusing on the visual arts, 1 extrapolate the new theory from feminist research and compare it with formalist precepts. Sharing Arthur Danto's concern that art has been disenfranchised in the twentieth century by its preoccupation with theory, I claim that feminist thought re'enfranchises art by revisioning its relationship to its contexts.
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Khrenov, Nikolai A. "ART CRITICISM SELF-DEFINITION OF RUSSIAN FORMALISTS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, no. 1 (2024): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2024-1-128-138.

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The article considers the limits of self-definition of Russian formalist philologists as art researchers. It is demonstrated that formalism was in a state of double crisis: the crisis of ambitions of symbolism and the crisis of positivist art criticism. The crisis of symbolism forced the formalists to look for a new positivist code to substantiate their work, while the crisis of positivism itself required the use of particular aesthetic narratives. The era of general aesthetics came, which evolved from a project in the vein of B. Croce into a shared self-definition of art as probing the gap between the possible and the actual. Formalism, with its pathos of the reality of the word, could not entirely renounce the domain of the possible, which was conceptualized as the core aesthetic sphere, including the production of personal reactions to what was happening. Only the contextualization of formalism within the linguistic turn, drawing on the ideas of Bakhtin and Gadamer, allows us to realize the input of the movement not only to the methods of certain humanities, but also to the specification of art in the 20th century.
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Singh, Laishram Samson, and Mousumi Deka. "K.C.S. Paniker's Words and Symbols: A Formalist Approach." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 8923–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.8923ecst.

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Formalism developed from the 19th century aesthetic of “Art for art’s sake.” The Formalist exponents believed in the evaluation of a artwork solely based on its form rather than its content. They reacted to an artwork on its formal and aesthetic qualities. Understanding the depth of Formalism is crucial in appreciating modern abstract art both of the West as well Indian. K. C. S. Paniker, being one of the most important figures in the abstractions of post-independence India, and had many influences from western artists, although he always maintained his Indian identity in his works. His series of ‘Words and Symbols’ is one of his most important contribution to modern Indian art in which he was interested in the formal structure of the ancient Indian texts and symbols. Therefore, this paper aims at understanding the more complex nature of Formalism and how that can be used to reassess Paniker’s works.
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Lapidus, R. "THE AIMS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE RUSSIAN FORMALISTS IN THE YEARS 1913-1925." East European Scientific Journal 3, no. 7(71) (August 11, 2021): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.3.71.94.

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The formalist groups which were active in Russia between the years 1913 and 1925 initiated the formalist method. This method has been shown to have had very significant consequences for the development of the humanities and to a certain degree also for the social sciences in the twentieth century. Although formalism was originally intended only as a method of research, it gave rise - even if indirectly and over many decades - to new conceptions in art and science as a whole. We will now examine the chief basic principles of Russian formalism as revealed in the sources of the period and we will look at its achievements from the vantage-point of more than a hundred years after it began.
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Shorkend, Daniel. "Artistic Formalism in Relation to Sport." International Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 2 (February 20, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v7i2.4081.

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I argue that sport can be considered aesthetic and thus converge with a certain view of art. We can enjoy abundance and proliferation as well as negation and austerity in nature, art and sport. The aesthetics of abundance and negation are “intertwined” in sport as art-like. Sport is well positioned to perform art’s cultural task better than traditional forms of art. Art and sport are intertwined in the sense that sport as an aesthetic, cultural phenomenon may continue the work of art. By aesthetics, the author focuses on notions of formalism in sport. This “will to form” is predicated on the need humans have for order, pattern and harmony. In that sense, art and sport might offer us a vision of clarity and precision. A theory of formalism applies equally to art and sport.
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Verheyen, Leen. "The Aesthetic Experience of the Literary Artwork: A Matter of Form and Content?" Aesthetic Investigations 1, no. 1 (July 16, 2015): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.58519/aesthinv.v1i1.12003.

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Ever since the introduction of aesthetics in philosophy, the literary arts have posed a challenge to common notions of aesthetic experience. In this paper, I will focus on the problems that arise when a formalist approach to aesthetics is confronted with literature. My main target is Peter Kivy's ‘essay in literary aesthetics’ Once-Told Tales, in which Kivy defends formalism and concludes from this approach that literature is a non-aesthetic art form. Contrary to Kivy, I will claim that we have good reasons to consider literature an aesthetic art form and, therefore, that the literary arts naturally pose a challenge to formalism. By showing the inextricable intertwining of form and content in literary artworks, I will demonstrate that the identification of so-called aesthetic properties with purely formal properties of a literary artwork is problematic.
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Behnke, Gregor, Florian Pollitt, Daniel Höller, Pascal Bercher, and Ron Alford. "Making Translations to Classical Planning Competitive with Other HTN Planners." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 9 (June 28, 2022): 9687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21203.

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Translation-based approaches to planning allow for solving problems in complex and expressive formalisms via the means of highly efficient solvers for simpler formalisms. To be effective, these translations have to be constructed appropriately. The current existing translation of the highly expressive formalism of HTN planning into the more simple formalism of classical planning is not on par with the performance of current dedicated HTN planners. With our contributions in this paper, we close this gap: we describe new versions of the translation that reach the performance of state-of-the-art dedicated HTN planners. We present new translation techniques both for the special case of totally-ordered HTNs as well as for the general partially-ordered case. In the latter, we show that our new translation generates only linearly many actions, while the previous encoding generates and exponential number of actions.
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Tomashevsky, Boris, Gina Fisch, and Oleg Gelikman. "The New School of Literary History in Russia." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 119, no. 1 (January 2004): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081204x23818.

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Anthologies of literary theory, the backbone of courses on literary criticism, rely on viktor Shklovsky's “Art as a Device” or Boris Eikhenbaum's “The Theory of the ‘Formal Method‘” to broach the subject of Russian formalism. The canonical status of these essays is well deserved. Written when the author was merely twenty-four, Shklovsky's 1917 essay bristles with a polemical fervor, wit, and knack for example that announce him as a critical prodigy. Marked by the mixture of embittered pride, rigor, and self-conscious malaise typical of later formalism, Eikhenbaum's dense history of the formal school is remarkable for its titanic effort to marry historical considerations to a systematic analysis of the evolution of key formalist doctrines.
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Loesberg, Jonathan. "CULTURAL STUDIES, VICTORIAN STUDIES, AND FORMALISM." Victorian Literature and Culture 27, no. 2 (September 1999): 537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150399272191.

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VICTORIAN STUDIES, in its longstanding resistance to the formalist study of Victorian literature, has to an extent been re-enacting the anxiety of mid-Victorian poets and novelists about being entrapped in a world of art. That anxiety notoriously defined the Victorian resistance to their Romantic forebears (think of Tennyson’s and Arnold’s well-documented, ambiguous attitudes toward Wordsworth and Keats or even Dickens’s satire of Leigh Hunt as Skimpole in Bleak House). And, predictably enough, it led to the backlash of the late-century aestheticism. If one positions the anti-formalism of the various genres of historicism and cultural studies now current in the study of Victorian literature as current versions of that Victorian anxiety at being hermetically enclosed in beautiful but empty forms, then surely an aestheticist and formalist backlash is more than overdue. And, rather than taking an analytical or neutrally critical response to this flux and reflux, I intend to espouse just such a backlash. If backlash implies partialness, the potential partiality of formalism is, I think, one of its less recognized values. Indeed, I will argue, a return to a consideration of aesthetic form may, in its recognition of its own limits, return a genuine interdisciplinarity to Victorian studies, if one intends by interdisciplinary studies not the work of literary scholars treating non-literary texts, but the participation of scholars from different disciplines with different and possibly conflicting grounding questions, concerns and modes of analysis in the study of the same subject matter.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Formalism (Art)"

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Luster, Craig. "Seed Pods, Bases and Formalism: An Artist's Journey." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5259.

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A sculpture can offer visual information that is simple or complex. The work can present only a single facet to ponder or deal with all facets equally polished and linked. There can be enough information to arrange in an order that reads as narrative. All is possible but, without question, the more complex the sculpture, the more information given, the greater the challenge to the artist to make a coherent and interesting whole of everything being presented. The body of work presented in my thesis show represents the outcome of exploring a chain of questions about sculpture. The first question was simply how to present a sculpture of a seed pod. This question led to inquiring what the base could do for the sculpture. Next came a study of the artwork of Constantin Brancusi. I realized that he had used formal qualities of sculpture to link his bases and sculptures, so I wondered about the ability of formal qualities to solve my base/sculpture problems. All of the work was completed with the intent of expanding my personal sculptural lexicon. I also intended to develop a store of knowledge that allowed free use of multiple artistic concepts. The hope was that what was being communicated through a sculpture would be sufficiently complex that a viewer would be intrigued into considering all the possible implications of the visual information.
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Buydens, Mireille. "Formalisme et aformalisme: essai sur le statut de la forme et du regard au travers d'une analyse du maniérisme." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212664.

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van, Boekel Lambertus Gerardus. "Painting in the computer era: the transformation of archaic structures to contemporary formalism." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1382709534.

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Christofides, Sheila School of Art History &amp Theory UNSW. "The intransigent critic: reconsidering the reasons for Clement Greenberg???s formalist stance from the early 1930s to the early 1970s." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Art History and Theory, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20562.

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This thesis investigates the reasons for Greenberg???s aesthetic intransigence ??? that is, his adherence to a formalist/purist stance, and his refusal to countenance non-purist twentiethcentury avant-garde trends evident in the art he ignored or denigrated, and in the art he promoted. The most substantial body of work challenged is Cold War revisionism (exemplified by the scholarship of Francis Frascina, Serge Guilbaut, and John O???Brian) which casts Greenberg as a politically expedient party to the imperialist agendas of various CIA-funded organisations. The major conclusions reached are that: Greenberg???s aesthetic intransigence was driven by a similarly intransigent ethico-political position, and that his critical method reflected patterns of argumentation set up in ???Avant-Garde and Kitsch??? (1939). This essay, and Greenberg???s ethico-political position, derived, not least, from his direct encounter with American Nazism and anti-Semitism which led him to realise that America (with what he saw as its decadence, cultural apathy, and low-level mass taste) was as vulnerable to the threat of totalitarianism as Europe and Russia. Reflecting this fear, ???Avant-Garde and Kitsch??? had juxtaposed a stagnant, impure culture with a vigorous avantgarde culture of impeccable vintage ??? in the process infusing politics into a formalist, historical conception of modernism Greenberg first devised in the early 1930s and then augmented, during 1938-9, with Hans Hofmann???s theories and others. Thus established, this rudimentary paradigm for Greenberg???s art writing was elaborated upon and made canonical in ???Towards a Newer Laocoon??? (1940), and entrenched after the war concurrent with the entrenchment of his ethico-political position. In the face of a Stalinist/capitalist war of wills, continuing anti-Semitism, and what Greenberg perceived as increasing decadence, he continued to argue for a serious, professionally-skilled (predominantly abstract) art, which would be resistant to the ersatz, yet not dehumanized by excluding the natural. By promoting this as the only genuine avant-garde art (while ignoring or denigrating playful, humorous and anarchic avant-garde tendencies), and by reiterating in the 1950s his pre-war Marxist sympathies, Greenberg was effectively demonstrating his continued hope for a utopian culture (luxuriant, formal, informed and socialist) first visualised in the late 1930s.
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Millward, William. "Abstract painting the development and analysis of innovative processes." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2003. http://d-nb.info/990055116/04.

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Vroombout, Lynn. "Striking a balance between formalism and expression in visual arts practice and visual arts education." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/859.

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This creative arts project is an exploration of the benefits of an approach to visual arts education that balances the need for both formal (i.e. visual arts language, knowledge of skills, techniques and processes) and expressive content. As an artist, my tendency to focus on formal concerns can override the effective of expressive content of my artworks. I recognize the potential for my artwork to become static when the expressive elements are given insufficient consideration. Whilst acknowledging the importance of formal content an increasing awareness of the value of expression in artwork has led to a philosophical re-evaluation. This in turn has impacted upon my teaching practices as a balance between formalist and expressive approaches is pursued. This creative arts project followed an action research process where I explored ways of incorporating increasingly expressive elements in my artwork. I identified and documented evidence of change. A series of visual diaries that recorded the development of ideas accompanied the creative project, as does an exegesis. Through the research I explored whether it was possible to resolve the inherent tension between formalism and expressionism in both visual arts practice (my art work) and visual arts education (my work as an art teacher). I believe the Western Australian Curriculum Framework has sufficient scope to address the need for both formalism and expression in visual arts education. This Creative Arts Project was predicated on the belief that although The Arts Outcomes made provision for the exploration of both formal and expressive concerns, in practice the focus was on form and the production of outwardly “successful” art works. Through the research project I aimed to strike a balance where the two components of art production lent their strength to each other. This was evidenced by student achievement and increased expressive content within my own artwork.
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LaFountain, Jason David. "The Puritan Art World." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11006.

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In this dissertation, I argue that the iconoclastic and anti-materialistic "art of living to God" is the central theoretical preoccupation of English and American Puritan intellectuals. I call attention to a wealth of previously unacknowledged writing about image, art, architecture, and form in Puritan literature, while highlighting how recent materialist analyses of Puritan culture have effectively obscured evidence of iconoclasm and anti-materialism in this milieu. In the first chapter, I explore the Puritan inheritance of John Calvin's theology of the "living image," which defines human beings as God-made pictures and greater than all images that are man-made. I explain how Puritan image theory is wedded to a theorization of the art of living to God, such that Puritan art and image theory are one and the same. The second chapter delineates various ways in which the imitation of Christ undergirds the conceptualization of "art work" in Puritanism. Here I focus on how Puritan ideas about both art and image intersect with their theorizations of happiness, shining, walking, and printing/pressing. I examine the theology of "edification" in my third chapter, probing how godly Puritans were understood to be "living architecture" and "living plants." In Chapter 4 I consider how Puritan anti-formalism contributes to and complicates Puritan art and image theory. More than anything else, a preoccupation with theorizing image, art, architecture, and form is what makes intellectual Puritanism a coherent tradition across space (England and the Netherlands to New England) and time (ca. 1560-1730). In the fifth and concluding chapter, I address an aspect of Puritan ministerial writings in which pastoral practice is defined not as art work but in terms of image curatorship and conservation. I then suggest that Puritan biographical literatures are archives or histories of artful and edificatory performativity. I argue that texts such as broadside elegies, funeral sermons, the monumental collections of lives by Samuel Clarke and Cotton Mather, and perhaps even gravestones should be understood as histories of Puritan art and architecture.
History of Art and Architecture
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Burnett, Matthew Christian. "Aesthetic/ activism : the liminal area between aesthetic formalism and socio-political activism in art education." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14856.

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This thesis inquires into how an elementary art education curriculum can embody the space in/between aesthetic formalism and socio/political activism. I call this curricular approach aesthetic/activism. Visual texts will be the catalyst for research subjects to engage with aesthetic/activism through art-making, writing and dialogue. I am also interested in the learning and meaning-making that happens as a result of an aesthetic/activist curriculum. This research is situated in an after-school elementary art program in a multicultural, urban area. Much research has been written about engaging secondary students with socially activist curriculum (see Alter-Muri, 2004; Brown, 2007; Chalmers, 2005; Darts, 2004; Desai , 2006; Gude, 2007; Lanier, 1969; McFee, 1974). There is little research concerned with how younger students would respond to such curriculum. Two questions guided this research inquiry. The first question is: How can a curriculum be enacted that uses visual texts to inquire into the liminal area between aesthetic formalism and socio/political activism? The second question is: What learning results from such a curriculum? The research methodology of a/r/tography was used to inquire into these questions, which requires art, research and teaching to be integral parts of academic inquiry. The process of inquiring into the two research questions stated above led to new learning and knowledge that was co-created by the researcher and the research subjects. While most subjects conformed to the dominant discourse in the classroom as constructed by the teacher, a minority of subjects had the initiative to express their personal, subjective values when analysing and producing artworks. Most subjects demonstrated an appreciation for the therapeutic qualities of natural environments unaffected by the corrupting influence of human activity. A number of students did use art-making as a vehicle to engage with socio/political problems. Finally, some subjects demonstrated an understanding of aesthetic activism and the inter-relationships between visual and textual data. These results are fully explained in the Findings and Discussion chapter. This thesis is organized into five chapters. The introduction is the first chapter, which will explain the purpose, rationale and objectives of my research, as well as my research questions. The second chapter includes a literature review that will survey the history of aesthetic formalism and socio/political activism in art education research, as well as criticisms of each of these paradigms. An inquiry into art, art curriculum and art education theory that embodies both aesthetics and activism will provide a context for my research. The third chapter explains my research methodologies: what they are and how I will use them, as well as a description of the actual research process which involves teaching and art-making activities. The fourth chapter, the Findings and Discussion will analyse my research data. The last chapter is the conclusion of my research and my recommendations for further inquiry.
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Kolokytha, Chara. "Formalism and ideology in 20th century art : Cahiers d'Art, magazine, gallery, and publishing house (1926-1960)." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/32310/.

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The thesis examines the activities of Cahiers d’Art as a magazine, gallery and publishing house active in Paris from 1926 to 1960 with special attention, and without particular regards to biography, to the intellectual development of its founder Christian Zervos from his early years in Alexandria at the beginning of the century to his professional establishment in the French capital. Its originality resides in the presentation of a significant corpus of unpublished archival information and the examination of the role that the network centred around Cahiers d’Art played in the institutionalisation of independent art in the first half of the century, the propagation of abstraction through the popularisation of European primitivism which was presented as a direct link to the modern era, and the passage from the Mechanist to the Atomic Age, its effects in the artistic domain and the ideological connotations it encased. The overall analysis focuses on particular transitional phenomena that marked the course of the 20th century. Particularly, the passage from analysis to synthesis which found diverse expressions in the contemporary artistic discourse since the beginning of the century giving birth to an increased interest in pragmatist approaches to art and architecture, social engagement, and a course towards formal simplification. The thesis observes the way in which the medieval and the primitive past contributed to the consecration of the international School of Paris and the conflicts of interest of their exponents. It furthermore pays close attention to Zervos’ position-taking with regards to these conflicts, his disdain for antiquity, its aftermath in western art, and the way that these positions affected his presentation of Picasso’s work in the voluminous catalogue raisonné of the artist’s work. Finally, it seeks to re-appreciate from the perspective of Cahiers d’Art, a significantly influential network of worldwide reputation, issues associated with the consecration and popularisation of international independent art in France and abroad, as well as the conflicting aspirations for decentralisation in a context dominated by Eurocentric attitudes and the formal and ideological projections of post Wold War Two liberal critique.
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Slivo, Yalda. "Den rörliga bildens formlöshet : En studie av den rörliga bilden." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148312.

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Denna studie syftar till att studera den rörliga bildens historia och relation till måleriet utifrån de två modernistiska konstnärliga rörelserna minimalism och abstrakt expressionism.
This study aims at understanding the history and relation between the moving image and two modernistic art movements, minimalism and abstract expressionism.
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Books on the topic "Formalism (Art)"

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Kikodze, Evgenii͡a. Urbanisticheskiĭ formalizm: Urban formalism. Moskva: Izdatelʹskai︠a︡ programma "Interrosa", 2007.

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Yilmaz, Dziewior, and Kunstverein in Hamburg, eds. Formalismus: Moderne Kunst, heute = Formalism : modern art, today. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2004.

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Richard, Woodfield, and Sedlmayr Hans 1896-, eds. Framing formalism: Riegl's work. Amsterdam: G+B Arts International, 1999.

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Simmons, William J. Queer formalism: The return. Berlin: Floating Opera Press, 2021.

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Twitchell, Beverly H. Cézanne and formalism in Bloomsbury. Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI Research Press, 1987.

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Galván, José María Moreno. Autocrítica del arte. La Puebla de Cazalla, Sevilla: Barataria, 2010.

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Rosalind Krauss and American philosophical art criticism: From formalism to beyond postmodernism. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2002.

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Olin, Margaret Rose. Forms of representation in Alois Riegl's theory of art. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1992.

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Joe, Andrew, ed. Poetics of the text: Essays to celebrate twenty years of the neo-formalist circle. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1992.

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Levy, Evonne Anita. Baroque and the political language of formalism (1845-1945): Burckhardt, Wölfflin, Gurlitt, Brinckmann, Sedlmayr. Basel: Schwabe Verlag, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Formalism (Art)"

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Seidel, Linda. "Formalism." In A Companion to Medieval Art, 171–94. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119077756.ch7.

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Newall, Diana, and Grant Pooke. "Formalism, modernism and modernity." In Art History, 31–54. 2nd ed. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: The basics: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315727851-21a.

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Babulski, Timothy. "Formalism and False History." In What Art Teaches Us, 49–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27768-0_3.

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Horton, Ian, and Maggie Gray. "Variations of Formalism, Modernism, Abstraction." In Art History for Comics, 43–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07353-3_5.

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Šustar, Predrag, and Iris Vidmar. "Beyond Formalism in Kant’s Fine Art." In Natur und Freiheit, edited by Violetta L. Waibel, Margit Ruffing, and David Wagner, 3105–12. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110467888-315.

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Méndez Baiges, Maite. "Other Criteria. Problematic Nudes." In Les Demoiselles d'Avignon and Modernism, 37–48. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-656-8.05.

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In the 1960s and 1970s this formalist version seen in the previous chapter began to show signs of fatigue. Some critics and art historians began to show interest in the personages on stage in Les Demoiselles. Early on John Nash linked the damsel squatting at lower right of the canvas with the myth of Medusa. Leo Steinberg immediately formulated a series of questions that constituted a direct attack against the formalist version. Why should we examine a painting that presented five naked prostitutes, all gazing fixedly at the viewer, merely from the formalist perspective? The time had come to take into account the content of the painting and consequently all of modern art which had been restricted by the prevailing formalism. This chapter tells how the formalist arguments were refuted and cleared the way for the iconological studies that placed the powerful sexual content in the foreground. The person mainly responsible for this was Leo Steinberg who sparked off an authentic revolution on the way to deal with this work and Modernism as a whole.
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Green-Cole, Ruth. "Painting Blood: Visualizing Menstrual Blood in Art." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 787–801. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_57.

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Abstract While there are isolated cases of reverence for menstruation, many societies impose a strict set of rules about the visualization of menstrual blood in art and visual culture. Green-Cole examines these hegemonic and patriarchal codes controlling discussion, commemoration, or visualization of menstruation, which have been internalized by millions of women worldwide as negative and shameful. One of the main tools used to maintain menstrual stigma is to erase the presence of the scene of menstruation in speech, image, and representation. Green-Cole argues that by publicly acknowledging menstruation and making it visible, the artworks discussed in this chapter are instrumental in undermining this stigma. She demonstrates how this process of undermining also changes what we assume to be the function and value of art. Finally, Green-Cole analyzes the ways in which artists have used paint to signify or stand in for blood as a challenge to the decorum of modernist formalism, which conveniently erased women’s issues.
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Randazzo, Juan M., Carlos Marante, Siddhartha Chattopadhyay, Heman Gharibnejad, Barry I. Schneider, Jeppe Olsen, and Luca Argenti. "ASTRA, A Transition Density Matrix Approach to the Interaction of Attosecond Radiation with Atoms and Molecules." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 115–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47938-0_11.

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AbstractA new formalism and computer code, ASTRA (AttoSecond TRAnsitions), has been developed to treat the interactions of short, intense radiation with molecules. The formalism makes extensive use of transition density matrices, computed using a state-of-the-art quantum chemistry code (LUCIA), to efficiently calculate the many-body inter-channel-coupling interactions required to simulate the highly correlated electron dynamics due to atoms and molecules exposed to attosecond laser radiation.
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Iacono, Mauro, Stefano Marrone, Nicola Mazzocca, Francesco Moscato, and Valeria Vittorini. "A Model Analysis of a Distributed Monitoring System Using a Multi-formalism Approach." In Applied Parallel Computing. State of the Art in Scientific Computing, 499–508. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11558958_59.

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Staten, Henry. "Art as Techne, or, The Intentional Fallacy and the Unfinished Project of Formalism." In A Companion to the Philosophy of Literature, 420–35. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444315592.ch22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Formalism (Art)"

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Morard, Damien. "A formalism to model higher-order function." In '20: 4th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3398479.

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Bustos-Brinez, Oscar, Joseph Gallego, and Fabio Gonzalez. "Anomaly Detection through Density Matrices and Kernel Density Estimation (AD-DMKDE)." In LatinX in AI at Neural Information Processing Systems Conference 2022. Journal of LatinX in AI Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52591/lxai2022112810.

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This paper presents a novel anomaly detection method, called AD-DMKDE, based on the use of Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) along with density matrices (a powerful mathematical formalism from quantum mechanics) and Fourier features. The proposed method was systematically compared with eleven state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods on various data sets, and AD-DMKDE shows competitive performance. The method uses neural-network optimization to find the parameters of data embedding, and the prediction phase complexity of the proposed algorithm is constant relative to the training data size.
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Yahalom, Asher. "A Finite Element Approach Derived From the Simplified Variational Principle." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59013.

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In previous papers [1–4] we have described how by minimizing the fluid action numerically one can obtain a solution of the fluid steady state equations. The action which was used was the four function action of Seliger & Whitham [5]. In a recent paper [6] we describe how one can improve upon previous art by reducing the number of variables in the action. Three independent functions variational formalism for stationary and non-stationary barotropic flows is introduced. This is less than the four variables which appear in the standard equations of fluid dynamics which are the velocity field ν⃗ and the density ρ. In this paper we will discuss a possible finite element approach related to the usage of the new action principles as basis for a CFD algorithms.
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Zhou, Honglu, Advith Chegu, Samuel S. Sohn, Zuohui Fu, Gerard de Melo, and Mubbasir Kapadia. "Harnessing Neighborhood Modeling and Asymmetry Preservation for Digraph Representation Learning." In Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-23}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/731.

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Digraph Representation Learning aims to learn representations for directed homogeneous graphs (digraphs). Prior work is largely constrained or has poor generalizability across tasks. Most Graph Neural Networks exhibit poor performance on digraphs due to the neglect of modeling neighborhoods and preserving asymmetry. In this paper, we address these notable challenges by leveraging hyperbolic collaborative learning from multi-ordered partitioned neighborhoods and asymmetry-preserving regularizers. Our resulting formalism, Digraph Hyperbolic Networks (D-HYPR), is versatile for multiple tasks including node classification, link presence prediction, and link property prediction. The efficacy of D-HYPR was meticulously examined against 21 previous techniques, using 8 real-world digraph datasets. D-HYPR statistically significantly outperforms the current state of the art. We release our code at https://github. com/hongluzhou/dhypr.
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Rubio Garrido, Alberto. "Le Corbusier y la autonomía de la arquitectura." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.682.

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Resumen: Tres han sido los intentos de vincular la obra de Le Corbusier con la “autonomía de la arquitectura”. El primero, aquel formulado por Emil Kaufmann en 1933, reposa en una analogía ética conducida por medio de ciertos mecanismos compositivos. El segundo lo alentó Johnson durante la posguerra e identifica en Le Corbusier un sistema de composición autorreferencial pretendidamente ajeno a todo condicionante exterior que enfatiza el purismo de sus operaciones formales. El tercero fue conducido por un grupo de autores englobados en el “autonomy project” que vio en su obra la posibilidad de entender la arquitectura simultáneamente como hecho social y producto formal. Cada intento ensalzó ciertas características de Le Corbusier y obvió otras en la medida en que se adscribieron a las diversas, y por momentos divergentes, interpretaciones de la autonomía de la arquitectura. En este texto defenderé que la aparente multiplicidad de las interpretaciones de la obra de Le Corbusier que derivan de estos intentos puede superarse atendiendo al sentido filosófico originario de “autonomía” y su incorporación al arte. A la postre, remiten a una paradoja difícilmente superable y que puede identificarse como consustancial a la modernidad arquitectónica: la dialéctica entre la forma y la función. Abstract: There have been three attempts to link Le Corbusier’s work with the "autonomy of architecture". The first one, the one conducted by Emil Kaufmann in 1933, lies in an ethical analogy through some compositional mechanism. Johnson encouraged the second one during the postwar. He identified in Le Corbusier a system of self-referential composition, supposedly alien to all outside constraint, which emphasizes the purity of its formal operations. The third was led by a group of authors, members of the “autonomy project”. They saw in his work the possibility of understanding architecture simultaneously as a social fact and formal product. Each attempt praised certain features of Le Corbusier and others were disregarded, following the pattern of controversial interpretations of the autonomy of architecture. In this paper I will argue that this apparent multiplicity of interpretations of Le Corbusier’s work can be overcome taking the original philosophical sense of "autonomy" and its incorporation into art. In the end, they refer to an insurmountable paradox, which can be identified as integral to modern architecture: the dialectic between form and function. Palabras clave: Le Corbusier, autonomía de la arquitectura, compromiso, formalismo, dialéctica. Keywords: Le Corbusier, autonomy of architecture, commitment, formalism, dialectics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.682
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Gerlach, Lukas, David Carral, and Markus Hecher. "Finite Groundings for ASP with Functions: A Journey through Consistency." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/375.

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Answer set programming (ASP) is a logic programming formalism used in various areas of artificial intelligence like combinatorial problem solving and knowledge representation and reasoning. It is known that enhancing ASP with function symbols makes basic reasoning problems highly undecidable. However, even in simple cases, state of the art reasoners, specifically those relying on a ground-and-solve approach, fail to produce a result. Therefore, we reconsider consistency as a basic reasoning problem for ASP. We show reductions that give an intuition for the high level of undecidability. These insights allow for a more fine-grained analysis where we characterize ASP programs as "frugal" and "non-proliferous". For such programs, we are not only able to semi-decide consistency but we also propose a grounding procedure that yields finite groundings on more ASP programs with the concept of "forbidden" facts.
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Lee, Nian-Ze, Yen-Shi Wang, and Jie-Hong R. Jiang. "Solving Stochastic Boolean Satisfiability under Random-Exist Quantification." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/96.

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Stochastic Boolean Satisfiability (SSAT) is a powerful formalism to represent computational problems with uncertainly, such as belief network inference and propositional probabilistic planning. Solving SSAT formulas lies in the same complexity class (PSPACE-complete) as solving Quantified Boolean Formula (QBF). While many endeavors have been made to enhance QBF solving, SSAT has drawn relatively less attention in recent years. This paper focuses on random-exist quantified SSAT formulas, and proposes an algorithm combining binary decision diagram (BDD), logic synthesis, and modern SAT techniques to improve computational efficiency. Unlike prior exact SSAT algorithms, the proposed method can be easily modified to solve approximate SSAT by deriving upper and lower bounds of satisfying probability. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithm on random k-CNF formulas and has effective application to approximate SSAT on circuit benchmarks.
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Alfano, Gianvincenzo, Sergio Greco, and Francesco Parisi. "Efficient Computation of Extensions for Dynamic Abstract Argumentation Frameworks: An Incremental Approach." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/8.

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Abstract argumentation frameworks (AFs) are a well-known formalism for modelling and deciding many argumentation problems. Computational issues and evaluation algorithms have been deeply investigated for static AFs, whose structure does not change over the time. However, AFs are often dynamic as a consequence of the fact that argumentation is inherently dynamic. In this paper, we tackle the problem of incrementally computing extensions for dynamic AFs: given an initial extension and an update (or a set of updates), we devise a technique for computing an extension of the updated AF under four well-known semantics (i.e., complete, preferred, stable, and grounded). The idea is to identify a reduced (updated) AF sufficient to compute an extension of the whole AF and use state-of-the-art algorithms to recompute an extension of the reduced AF only. The experiments reveal that, for all semantics considered and using different solvers, the incremental technique is on average two orders of magnitude faster than computing the semantics from scratch.
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Wang, Zhe, Peng Xiao, Kewen Wang, Zhiqiang Zhuang, and Hai Wan. "Query Answering for Existential Rules via Efficient Datalog Rewriting." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/268.

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Existential rules are an expressive ontology formalism for ontology-mediated query answering and thus query answering is of high complexity, while several tractable fragments have been identified. Existing systems based on first-order rewriting methods can lead to queries too large for DBMS to handle. It is shown that datalog rewriting can result in more compact queries, yet previously proposed datalog rewriting methods are mostly inefficient for implementation. In this paper, we fill the gap by proposing an efficient datalog rewriting approach for answering conjunctive queries over existential rules, and identify and combine existing fragments of existential rules for which our rewriting method terminates. We implemented a prototype system Drewer, and experiments show that it is able to handle a wide range of benchmarks in the literature. Moreover, Drewer shows superior or comparable performance over state-of-the-art systems on both the compactness of rewriting and the efficiency of query answering.
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Faedo, Nicolás, Giuseppe Giorgi, John V. Ringwood, and Giuliana Mattiazzo. "Nonlinear Moment-Based Optimal Control of Wave Energy Converters With Non-Ideal Power Take-Off Systems." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-81267.

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Abstract The mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion stage in wave energy devices is commonly affected by losses associated with the power take-off (PTO) system, inevitably leading to non-ideal conversion in practical scenarios. Such behaviour needs to be incorporated within the wave energy converter (WEC) energy-maximising control design procedure, so as to guarantee optimal operation of the device under these non-ideal conditions. Motivated by this requirement, we present, in this paper, a nonlinear moment-based energy-maximising control solution for WECs under non-ideal PTO behaviour. We show that the mathematical formalism proposed always admits a globally optimal energy-maximising solution, facilitating the application of state-of-the-art numerical routines, leading to real-time performance. Numerical results are presented for a heaving point absorber WEC system, illustrating the capabilities of the proposed controller in a non-ideal PTO conversion scenario, including a comparison with a benchmark control strategy.
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Reports on the topic "Formalism (Art)"

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Liu, Hongkai, Carsten Lutz, Maja Miličić, and Frank Wolter. Description Logic Actions with general TBoxes: a Pragmatic Approach. Aachen University of Technology, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.156.

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Action formalisms based on description logics (DLs) have recently been introduced as decidable fragments of well-established action theories such as the Situation Calculus and the Fluent Calculus. However, existing DL action formalisms fail to include general TBoxes, which are the standard tool for formalising ontologies in modern description logics. We define a DL action formalism that admits general TBoxes, propose an approach to addressing the ramification problem that is introduced in this way, and perform a detailed investigation of the decidability and computational complexity of reasoning in our formalism.
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Baader, Franz, and Benjamin Zarrieß. Verification of Golog Programs over Description Logic Actions. Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.198.

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High-level action programming languages such as Golog have successfully been used to model the behavior of autonomous agents. In addition to a logic-based action formalism for describing the environment and the effects of basic actions, they enable the construction of complex actions using typical programming language constructs. To ensure that the execution of such complex actions leads to the desired behavior of the agent, one needs to specify the required properties in a formal way, and then verify that these requirements are met by any execution of the program. Due to the expressiveness of the action formalism underlying Golog (situation calculus), the verification problem for Golog programs is in general undecidable. Action formalisms based on Description Logic (DL) try to achieve decidability of inference problems such as the projection problem by restricting the expressiveness of the underlying base logic. However, until now these formalisms have not been used within Golog programs. In the present paper, we introduce a variant of Golog where basic actions are defined using such a DL-based formalism, and show that the verification problem for such programs is decidable. This improves on our previous work on verifying properties of infinite sequences of DL actions in that it considers (finite and infinite) sequences of DL actions that correspond to (terminating and non-terminating) runs of a Golog program rather than just infinite sequences accepted by a Büchi automaton abstracting the program.
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Bosch, Mariano, and Julen Esteban-Pretel. Labor Market Effects of Introducing Unemployment Benefits in an Economy with High Informality. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011471.

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Unemployment benefit systems are nonexistent in many developing economies. Introducing such systems poses many challenges, which are partly due to the high level of informality in the labor markets of these economies. This paper studies the consequences on the labor market of implementing an unemployment benefit system in economies with large informal sectors and high flows of workers between formality and informality. We build a search and matching model with endogenous destruction, on-the-job search, and intersectoral flows, where agents in the economy decide optimally whether or not to formalize jobs. We calibrate the model for Mexico, and show that the introduction of an unemployment benefit system, where workers contribute when employed in the formal market and collect benefits when they lose their jobs, can lead to an increase in formality in the economy, while also producing small increases in unemployment. The exact impact of incorporating such benefits depends on the relative strength of two opposing effects: the generosity of the benefits and the level of the contributions that finance those benefits. We also show important policy complementarities with other interventions in the labor market. In particular, combining the unemployment benefit program with policies that reduce the cost of formality, such as lower employment taxes and firing costs, can produce greater decreases in informality and lower impacts on unemployment than when the program is applied in isolation.
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Borgwardt, Stefan, and Veronika Thost. LTL over EL Axioms. Technische Universität Dresden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.213.

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Aus der Einleitung: Description Logics (DLs) [BCM+07] are popular knowledge representation formalisms, mainly because they are the basis of the standardized OWL 2 Direct Semantics, their expressiveness can be tailored to the application at hand, and many optimized reasoning systems are available.
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Baader, Franz, Carsten Lutz, Maja Miličić, Ulrike Sattler, and Frank Wolter. Integrating Description Logics and Action Formalisms for Reasoning about Web Services. Aachen University of Technology, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.145.

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Motivated by the need for semantically well-founded and algorithmically managable formalism that is based on description logics (DLs), but is also firmly grounded on research in the reasoning about action community. Our main contribution is an analysis of how the choice of the DL influences the complexity of standard reasoning tasks such as projection and executability, which are important for Web service discovery and composition.
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Baader, Franz, Carsten Lutz, Maja Miličić, and Frank Wolter. Integrating Description Logics and Action Formalisms for Reasoning about Web Services. Technische Universität Dresden, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2010.145.

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Motivated by the need for semantically well-founded and algorithmically managable formalism that is based on description logics (DLs), but is also firmly grounded on research in the reasoning about action community. Our main contribution is an analysis of how the choice of the DL influences the complexity of standard reasoning tasks such as projection and executability, which are important for Web service discovery and composition.
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Borgwardt, Stefan, and Rafael Peñaloza. Undecidability of Fuzzy Description Logics. Technische Universität Dresden, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.184.

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Fuzzy description logics (DLs) have been investigated for over two decades, due to their capacity to formalize and reason with imprecise concepts. Very recently, it has been shown that for several fuzzy DLs, reasoning becomes undecidable. Although the proofs of these results differ in the details of each specific logic considered, they are all based on the same basic idea. In this report, we formalize this idea and provide sufficient conditions for proving undecidability of a fuzzy DL. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by strengthening all previously-known undecidability results and providing new ones. In particular, we show that undecidability may arise even if only crisp axioms are considered.
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Borgwardt, Stefan, Marco Cerami, and Rafael Peñaloza. Subsumption in Finitely Valued Fuzzy EL. Technische Universität Dresden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.212.

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Aus der Einleitung: Description Logics (DLs) are a family of knowledge representation formalisms that are successfully applied in many application domains. They provide the logical foundation for the Direct Semantics of the standard web ontology language OWL2. The light-weight DL EL, underlying the OWL2 EL profile, is of particular interest since all common reasoning problems are polynomial in this logic, and it is used in many prominent biomedical ontologies like SNOMEDCT and the Gene Ontology.
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Hair. L52003 Application of the Crack Layer Theory for Understanding and Modeling of SCC in High Pressure. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010893.

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A stochastic features of SCC colony, such as corrosion pit distribution, SC crack initiation from the pits and SC crack aspect ratio, SC crack cluster formation, SC cluster interaction and instability, are observed and characterized. A concept of a single crack equivalent to a cluster of cracks is introduced to simplify computational work on clusters evolution and instability. Various criteria of equivalence for different stages of clusters evolution are discussed. An accelerated test with a number of accelerating factors has been designed and performed for simulation of individual SC crack growth. Corrosion products at each stage of single crack propagation are investigated by means of Raman and FTIR analysis. The crack layer theory is adopted for modeling of SC crack growth. It provides the formalism for modeling of the effect of such processes as electro-chemical reactions, hydrogen embrittlement, and mechanical loading rates on crack growth rate. Finally, a computer simulation of SC crack growth was performed and validated by the available set of experimental data.
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Lutz, Carsten. Reasoning about Entity Relationship Diagrams with Complex Attribute Dependencies. Aachen University of Technology, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.119.

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Entity Relationship (ER) diagrams are among the most popular formalisms for the support of database design [7, 12, 17, 6]. Their classical use in the (usually computer aided) database design process can roughly be described as follows: after evaluating the requirements of the application, the database designer constructs an ER schema, which represents the conceptual model of the new database. CASE tools can be used to automatically transform the ER schema into a relational database schema, which is then manually fine-tuned. During the last years, the initially rather simple ER formalisms has been extended by various means of expressivity to account for new, more complex application areas such as schema integration for data warehouses [12, 3, 13]. Designing a conceptual model with such enriched ER diagrams is a nontrivial task: there exist complex interactions between the various means of expressivity, which quite often result in unnoticed inconsistencies in the ER schemas and in implicit ramifications of the modeling that have not been intended by the designer. To address this problem, Description Logics (DLs) have been proposed and succesfully used as a tool for reasoning about ER diagrams and thereby detecting the aforementioned anomalies [5, 6, 8].
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