Relevant bibliographies by topics / FORGET STEEL

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'FORGET STEEL'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "FORGET STEEL"

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Halirova, Marcela, Radek Janousek, Hana Sevcikova, Radek Fabian, and Eva Machovcakova. "Economic Comparison of Fire Fighting Measures of Gypsum-Based Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 835 (May 2016): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.835.467.

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Fire resistance of building structures is important not only in terms of prevention of hazards to human health, but also from the economic point of view. The choice of method of fire protection of steel structures depends on the responsible choice of finish or cladding material and suitable technology implementation. Although the assessment of fire risk is a priority, when selecting the decisive criteria we must not also forget the cost of fire protection measures. This article aims at economic comparison of the two fire protection measures for the steel column of rolled profiles.
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Garanikov, V. V., and E. O. Kornilev. "RESEARCH OF THE PATTERNS OF DEFORMATION ALONG CURVILINEAR TRAJECTORIES OF CONSTANT CURVATURE WITH A CHANGING PROCESS DIRECTION." Bulletin of the Tver State Technical University. Series «Building. Electrical engineering and chemical technology», no. 3 (2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46573/2658-7459-2020-3-17-24.

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Abstract. An experimental study of the vector and scalar properties was carried out when changing the direction of deformation on samples made of 9X2 steel. It is shown that after the exhaustion of a certain interval of the trajectory lengths, scalar and vector properties seem to forget the change in the direction of deformation and correspond to the trajectories without changing the direction.
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Kozák, Vladislav, and Libor Vlček. "Parameters Identification for GTN Model and Their Verification on 42CrMo4 Steel." Materials Science Forum 482 (April 2005): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.482.335.

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The base of this paper is exact measurement of deformation and fracture material characteristics in laboratory, evaluation of these parameters and their application in models of finite element analysis modelling the fracture behaviour of components with defects. The base of the work is dealing with ductile fracture of forget steel 42CrMo4. R-curve is modelled by 3D FEM using WARP3D and Abaqus. Crack extension is simulated in sense of element extinction algorithms. Determination of micro-mechanical parameters is based on combination of tensile tests and microscopic observation. Input parameters for the next computation and simulation were received on the base of image analysis, namely fN and fo. The possibility of transferring these parameters to another specimen is discussed.
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Béres, Gábor, and József Danyi. "Experimental Investigation on Forming of Tailor Welded Blanks." Materials Science Forum 885 (February 2017): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.885.147.

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One of the main aims of automotive developers is vehicle weight reduction. There are many well known ways related to weight reduction, for example using thinner and higher strength sheet materials, or using of formed tubes as load-bearing elements in car body structures. In the field of modern automotive industry we must not forget that the heavy loaded, and in passenger-safety aspect relevant elements frequently consist of tailor welded blanks (TWBs). The components could have different strength or thickness or coatings too. Therefore, certain segments of the welded elements could behave differently during forming. Generally the higher strength coupled with less formability, but in the case of welded blanks, the interaction of each parts are unknown in many aspects.This paper presents the results of the experimental work, carried out to evaluate the drawability of tailor welded blanks. The welded blanks were prepared by laser beam welding technology. The blanks consisted of a well drawing component, marked DC04, and a high strength steel component. The applied high strength steels are DP600, DP800 and DP1000 types. Our current object was to determine some basic parameters of deep-drawability as a typical sheet metal forming operation. It can be stated that as the strength ratio (SR) is increasing between the segments, the limiting drawing ratio is decreasing.
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Koval, Petro, and Vladimir Zelenovskiy. "INFLUENCE OF CONCRETE COMPOSITION ON THE CORROSIVE STATE OF THE STEEL ARMATURES AND DURABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES." Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny, no. 1 (257)’ 2019 (March 29, 2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2019-1-257-33-39.

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The influence of the composition of the concrete mixture on the state of reinforcing steel as the main problem of corrosion of reinforced concrete structures is considered. The main attention is paid to the need for individual and mandatory consideration of the influence of the properties of additives to concrete on the passivation of reinforcing steel. The purpose of conducting studies to determine the effect of concrete composition on the state of reinforcing steel is to analyze the causes of corrosion of reinforcement, determine the influence of the environment, apply appropriate prevention of this phenomenon and use methods to determine the corrosion state at the design stage of building structures for which reinforced concrete is used. The composition of concrete, in addition to the standard set in various quantitative combinations (cement, gravel, sand, water) today it is advisable to use special additives. Due to their correct and proportional application, you can create a mixture with significantly improved characteristics: with increased frost resistance, strength, durability, with accelerated or delayed setting of the mixture, etc. Nevertheless, you should not forget that the individuality of the composition of additives could affect the ability of concrete to passivate reinforcing steel. It is possible to eliminate the possibility of reducing the passivation of concrete by testing reinforced concrete samples for its protective properties in relation to the reinforcement. The test method is based on the passivation of reinforcing steel in an alkaline environment and consists in evaluating the protective effect of a sample of concrete in relation to a sample of steel reinforcement by comparing data obtained with a change in potential depending on changes in the density of electric current passing through the sample. The issue of quality and durability of reinforced concrete structures, both technically and economically, is attracting increasing attention of builders. It is obvious that in most cases an increase in the initial cost of manufacturing the structure and its reliable protection is economically justified, if this allows reducing the number and cost of repairs during operation. Keywords: reinforcement, corrosion, concrete, reinforced concrete, concrete additive, concrete composition, corrosion state of reinforcement, durability of reinforced concrete structures.
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Masoud, M. I., M. Tashkandi, J. Al-Jarrah, and A. I. Z. Farahat. "Behavior of triplex steel containing different aluminum content." Advances in Materials Science 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/adms-2017-0003.

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Abstract Medium-carbon alloy steels containing different aluminum contents were hot forged by 95% reduction at 1200°C followed by air cooling. Optical and scanning electron microscopes were used to investigate the morphologies of the different phases present. An austentizing process followed by water quenching (after hot forging) was carried out to obtain different hardness values. The intensity of the different planes was investigated using X-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties were characterized using tensile and hardness tests. Optical and scanning electron micrographs revealed a great effect of aluminum content on the steel properties. A matrix of bainite and pearlite and traces of ferrite was revealed for hot forged steel type 1 containing 1% Al. Steel type 2 containing 2% Al showed a matrix of pearlite and ferrite with the absence of bainite. The hardness increased with increasing the temperature to a maximum value then decreased for steel containing 1 and 2% aluminum. After austentizing at 925°C, the maximum hardness of 649Hv was recorded for hot forged steel type 2 of 2% aluminum, while steel type 1 of 1% aluminum showed a maximum hardness of 531Hv after austentizing at 1000°C. Thus, the maximum hardness of hot forged steels decreased with increasing aluminum content. In addition, the maximum tensile and yield strength were decreased by increasing the aluminum content in the steel. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of these steels could be explained by the effect of aluminum as a ferrite forming element.
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Egashira, Makoto, Shigefumi Nishitani, M. Yuya, and N. Sano. "Effect of Prior Heat Treatment on Hardness Profile after Nitrocarburization in Medium Carbon Steel." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 3200–3205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.3200.

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Gaseous ferritic nitrocarburization is one of the major surface hardening methods to improve the fatigue strength of machinery parts made of medium carbon steels. The fatigue strength of nitrocarburized steel parts depends on the hardness profile below the surface; however, the mechanism of its evolution during nitrocarburization has not been fully understood. Recently, as-forged steels, in which thermal refining process like normalizing is omitted from the viewpoints of environmental considerations, energy savings and manufacturing cost reductions, have been widely used in the machinery parts industry. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism of hardness increase below the surface of the nitrocarburized steels with respect to the effect of prior refining heat treatment. In the present study, the hardness increase at the subsurface region of nitrocarburized steels containing 0.4mass%C was characterized, and the influence of prior normalizing treatment was investigated. Microstructure of both the as-forged and the normalized specimens was the ferrite/perlite mixture, while the ferrite volume fraction in the as-forged steel was smaller than the latter. These as-forged and normalized steels were gaseous nitrocarburized at 853K for 2 hours under the atmosphere of RX gas and NH3 gas mixture, and then they were oil-quenched to 373K. Overall hardness below the surface after nitrocarburization was higher for the specimen without prior normalizing treatment, although both specimens had the similar nitrogen concentration profiles and precipitation behaviors of the nitrides. However, it was found that the individual ferrite grains in the as-forged steel were more hardened than those in the normalized steel. These indicate that the most likely cause of the hardness increase near the surface after nitrocarburization is the solid solution hardening by dissolved nitrogen and that the ferrite grains of the as-forged steel were likely to soak up more nitrogen and were hardened to the higher degree since the similar amount of nitrogen were incorporated mainly within ferrite grains. Thus, the prior heat treatment strongly affects the amount of hardening through the ferrite fraction.
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Olives, Régis, Enrique Ribeiro, and Xavier Py. "Materials for the energy transition: Importance of recycling." MATEC Web of Conferences 379 (2023): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202337907002.

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The energy transition aims, among other things, to reduce the impacts on climate change, and in particular the CO2 emissions linked to the very high consumption of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). The solution lies firstly in energy sobriety, secondly in improving efficiency and finally, in the development of carbon-free energies with, in particular, renewable energies (EnR). On this last point, the deployment of renewable energy processes requires the mobilization of materials in relatively large quantities due to the low concentration of the energy resource (Vidal, 2018). We highlight here the quantities of materials necessary for the implementation of the various energy production systems by focusing on the main materials which are concrete, steel, copper, aluminum, glass and polymers. We will only discuss these materials here. However, we must not forget the so-called critical materials which are also used, albeit in smaller quantities, but which can pose a problem in terms of resources due to their scarcity (IEA 2021). Attention is paid to the recycling of materials which significantly changes the point of view. It is shown the interest of, of course, maximizing this recycling.
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Herbirowo, Satrio, Luqmanul Hakim, and Bintang Adjiantoro. "Microstructure and mechanical characteristics of hot forged lateritic steels." MATEC Web of Conferences 204 (2018): 05007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820405007.

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The current development of steel industry has constraints on the availability of raw materials, so we have developed local raw materials that are lateritic steels as a high potential for alternative manufacturing of steel. This research was conducted to understand the characteristics of lateritic steel through hot forging process by the mechanical and microstructure behaviour. The research methodology was chained by variety of preheating temperature of 800; 1000; 1200 °C and forging force from 0 until 1000 kilonewton. In case of hot forging values was obtained the impact and hardness properties also microstructure that compared with as-cast steels. The results of impact strength increased by 81.83% at the temperature of 1200 °C and the hardness increased by 4.99% at 1000 °C, for the microstructure analysis was produced the ferrite and pearlite phases with the fine grains. The chemical composition of steel is classified in low carbon steel included in lateritic steel it contains low alloy 1.78 Ni and 0.553 Cr %wt.
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Ahmed, A., S. N. Ghali, M. Eissa, and S. A. El Badry. "Influence of Partial Replacement of Nickel by Nitrogen on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel." Journal of Metallurgy 2011 (November 16, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/639283.

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A new modified austenitic stainless steel has been developed through partial replacement of nickel by nitrogen. Nitrogen stainless steel was produced in 10 kg induction furnace under nitrogen pressure, while reference one, AISI 316 steel grade, was produced in open-induction furnace. Both were cast and hot forged, and the total nitrogen was determined. Furthermore, the produced forged steels were subjected to solution treatment at different temperatures. The microstructure of produced stainless steels was observed. The X-ray diffractmeter and Mossbauer effect spectroscopy were used to follow the phase change in reference and modified steels after different heat treatment temperatures. The influence of grain-size, soluble, and insoluble nitrogen on tensile strength and hardness was investigated. The major phase in the modified steel has a fcc structure similar to the reference one, but with finer grains and more expanded lattice. The yield strength and hardness of the nitrogen-modified stainless steel are higher than the reference steel. On the other hand, the increase of nitrogen content deteriorates the steel ductility.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FORGET STEEL"

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Peacock, Simon. "Mechanical properties of rotary forged sintered steel compacts." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319953.

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Yu, Guowang. "Cold-formed Steel Framed Shear Wall Sheathed with Corrugated Sheet Steel." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271921/.

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Incombustibility is one important advantage of the sheet steel sheathed shear wall over wood panel sheathed shear wall. Compared to shear wall sheathed with plywood and OSB panel, shear wall sheathed with flat sheet steel behaved lower shear strength. Although shear wall sheathed with corrugated sheet steel exhibited high nominal strength and high stiffness, the shear wall usually behaved lower ductility resulting from brittle failure at the connection between the sheathing to frames. This research is aimed at developing modifications on the corrugated sheathing to improve the ductility of the shear wall as well as derive practical response modification factor by establishing correct relationship between ductility factor ? and response modification factor R. Totally 21 monotonic and cyclic full-scale shear wall tests were conducted during the winter break in 2012 by the author in NUCONSTEEL Materials Testing Laboratory in the University of North Texas. The research investigated nineteen 8 ft. × 4 ft. shear walls with 68 mil frames and 27 mil corrugation sheet steel in 11 configurations and two more shear walls sheathed with 6/17-in.OSB and 15/32-in. plywood respectively for comparison. The shear walls, which were in some special cutting arrangement patterns, performed better under lateral load conditions according to the behavior of ductility and shear strength and could be used as lateral system in construction.
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Corner, Sebastien Marc William. "Screw-Fastened Cold-Formed Steel-to-Steel Shear Connection Behavior and Models." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78073.

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This research introduces a proposed model for predicting tilting angle and limit states of single-fastened cold-formed steel-to-steel shear connections. Predictions are validated through an experimental study considering ply configuration and a single Hex #10 -washer head fastener, centered in a 102 mm by 102 mm three boundary window. The fastener tilting angle is captured using an automated, optical non-contact measurement procedure. The results are used to identify cold-formed steel shear connection deformation as load progresses, including tilting, bearing, and combined tilting bearing at the plies and thread tension, shear and bearing fastener failure. Results shows that fastener tilting plays a kinematic affect for the connection. Fastener tilting is predicted in function of ply thickness and fastener pitch. Local ply bending deformation is reported to be the main deformation of the connection during fastener tilting. While fastener bending and shear failure occurred if the fastener does not tilt.
Master of Science
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Jobe, Jeffrey M. "Blast resistant forced entrty [sic] steel stud wall design." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5850.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (January 23, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Yanagi, Noritsugu. "Analytical Model of Cold-formed Steel Framed Shear Wall with Steel Sheet and Wood-based Sheathing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271920/.

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The cold-formed steel framed shear walls with steel sheets and wood-based sheathing are both code approved lateral force resisting system in light-framed construction. In the United States, the current design approach for cold-formed steel shear walls is capacity-based and developed from full-scale tests. The available design provisions provide nominal shear strength for only limited wall configurations. This research focused on the development of analytical models of cold-formed steel framed shear walls with steel sheet and wood-based sheathing to predict the nominal shear strength of the walls at their ultimate capacity level. Effective strip model was developed to predict the nominal shear strength of cold-formed steel framed steel sheet shear walls. The proposed design approach is based on a tension field action of the sheathing, shear capacity of sheathing-to-framing fastener connections, fastener spacing, wall aspect ratio, and material properties. A total of 142 full scale test data was used to verify the proposed design method and the supporting design equations. The proposed design approach shows consistent agreement with the test results and the AISI published nominal strength values. Simplified nominal strength model was developed to predict the nominal shear strength of cold-formed steel framed wood-based panel shear walls. The nominal shear strength is determined based on the shear capacity of individual sheathing-to-framing connections, wall height, and locations of sheathing-to-framing fasteners. The proposed design approach shows a good agreement with 179 full scale shear wall test data. This analytical method requires some efforts in testing of sheathing-to-framing connections to determine their ultimate shear capacity. However, if appropriate sheathing-to-framing connection capacities are provided, the proposed design method provides designers with an analytical tool to determine the nominal strength of the shear walls without conducting full-scale tests.
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Mahdavian, Mahsa. "Innovative Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls with Corrugated Steel Sheathing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849608/.

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This thesis presents two major sections with the objective of introducing a new cold-formed steel (CFS) shear wall system with corrugated steel sheathings. The work shown herein includes the development of an optimal shear wall system as well as an optimal slit configuration for the CFS corrugated sheathings which result in a CFS shear wall with high ductility, high strength, high stiffness and overall high performance. The conclusion is based on the results of 36 full-scale shear wall tests performed in the structural laboratory of the University of North Texas. A variety of shear walls were the subject of this research to make further discussions and conclusions based on different sheathing materials, slit configurations, wall configurations, sheathing connection methods, wall dimensions, shear wall member thicknesses, and etc. The walls were subject to cyclic (CUREE protocol) lateral loading to study their deformations and structural performances. The optimal sit configuration for CFS shear walls with corrugated steel sheathings was found to be 12×2 in. vertical slits in 6 rows. The failure mode observed in this shear wall system was the connection failure between the sheathing and the framing members. Also, most of the shear walls tested displayed local buckling of the chord framing members located above the hold-down locations. The second section includes details of developing a Finite Element Model (FEM) in ABAQUS software to analyze the lateral response of the new shear wall systems. Different modeling techniques were used to define each element of the CFS shear wall and are reported herein. Material properties from coupon test results are applied. Connection tests are performed to define pinching paths to model fasteners with hysteretic user-defined elements. Element interactions, boundary conditions and loading applications are consistent with full scale tests. CFS members and corrugated sheathings are modeled with shell elements, sheathing-to-frame fasteners are modeled using nonlinear springs (SPRING2 elements) for monotonic models and a general user defined element (user subroutine UEL) for cyclic models. Hold-downs are defined by boundary conditions. A total of three models were developed and validated by comparing ABAQUS results to full scale test results.
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Francka, Ryan Michael. "Screw connections subject to tension pull-out and shear forces." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Francka_09007dcc8070fae3.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 23, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 52).
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Padilla-Llano, David Alberto. "A Framework for Cyclic Simulation of Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Members in Structural Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52904.

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The objective of this research is to create a computationally efficient seismic analysis framework for cold-formed steel (CFS) framed-buildings supported by hysteretic nonlinear models for CFS members and screw-fastened connections. Design of CFS structures subjected to lateral seismic forces traditionally relies on the strength of subassemblies subjected to lateral loading of systems, such as strapped/sheathed shear walls and diaphragms, to provide adequate protection against collapse. Enabling performance-based seismic design of CFS buildings requires computationally efficient and accurate modeling tools that predict the nonlinear cyclic behavior of CFS buildings, the individual CFS components and connections. Such models should capture the energy dissipation and damage due to buckling and cross-sectional deformations in thin-walled CFS components subjected to cyclic loads such as those induced by earthquakes. Likewise, models for screw-fastened CFS connections should capture the energy dissipation and damage due to tilting, bearing, or screw shear when subjected to cyclic loading. In this dissertation, an analysis framework for CFS structures that captures the nonlinear cyclic behavior of critical components including axial members, flexural members, and screw fastened connections is presented. A modeling approach to simulate thin-walled behavior in CFS members is introduced where parameters were developed using results from an experimental program that investigated the cyclic behavior and energy dissipation in CFS axial members and flexural members. Energy dissipation and cyclic behavior of CFS members were characterized for members experiencing global, distortional and local buckling. Cyclic behavior and energy dissipation in thin steel plates and members was further investigated through finite element analysis in ABAQUS to provide a strategy for modeling steel columns cyclic behavior including local buckling. Model parameters were developed as generalized functions of the hysteretic energy dissipated and slenderness. The capabilities of the analysis framework are demonstrated through simulations of CFS wood sheathed shear wall cyclic responses validated with experimental results from full scale shear wall tests.
Ph. D.
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Lagerqvist, Ove. "Patch loading : resistance of steel girders subjected to concentrated forces." Doctoral thesis, Luleå, 1995. http://epubl.luth.se/avslutade/0348-8373/159/index.html.

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Panyanouvong, Mark. "Bearing Strength of Cold Formed Steel Bolted Connections in Trusses." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115135/.

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The existing design provision in North American Specification for Cold- Formed Steel Structural Member (AISI S100) for the bearing strength of bolted connections were developed from tests on bolted connected sheets which were restrained by bolt nut and head with or without washers. However, in the cold-formed assemblies, particularly in trusses, the single bolt goes through both sides of the connected sections, making the connected sheets on each side unrestrained. the warping of the unrestrained sheet may reduce the bearing strength of the bolted connection. This research investigates the behavior and strength of bearing failure in bolted connections in cold-formed steel trusses. Tensile tests were conducted on trusses connections with various material thicknesses. It was found that the AISI S100 works well for thick connections but provides unconservative predictions for thin materials. Based on the experimental results, a modified bearing strength method is proposed for calculating the bearing strength of bolted truss connections. the proposed method can be used for any cold-formed steel connections with unrestrained sheet.
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Books on the topic "FORGET STEEL"

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Heatley, C. J. Forged in steel: U.S. Marine Corps aviation. Charlottesville, Va: Howell Press, 1987.

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Warren, Laetitia de. Les fils de vulcain: La saga des maîtres de forges. Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1998.

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Blood on the forge. New York: New York Review Books, 2005.

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Attaway, William. Blood on the forge. New York: Anchor Books, 1993.

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Attaway, William. Blood on the forge. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1987.

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Dollar, Jacques. Historique de l'ancienne forge de La Sauvage. Basacharage: J. Dollar, 1989.

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Steel in the 21st century: Competition forges a new world order. New York: Lexington Books, 1994.

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Sommerfield, Sylvie. Velvet & steel. New York: Dorchester, 1999.

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illustrator, Tortosa Wilson, and Fuentes Benny illustrator, eds. Steel hammer. London: Raintree, 2015.

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S, Najjar Bassam, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Passive damping concepts for free and forced member and grillage vibration. Norfolk, Va: Old Dominion University Research Foundation, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "FORGET STEEL"

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Zayat, K. A. "Steel Beams and Steel Columns." In Structural Wood Detailing in CAD Format, 131–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2104-0_17.

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Abu-Saba, Elias G. "Influence of Axial Forces on Plastic Moment." In Design of Steel Structures, 340–49. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2079-5_12.

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Hembrow, Ian. "Forged in the City of Steel." In Ralph Edwards: RARE EVENTS, 111–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14981-8_8.

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Zayat, K. A. "Steel Roof Beam." In Structural Wood Detailing in CAD Format, 74–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2104-0_12.

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Abu-Saba, Elias G. "Design of Bracings for Wind and Earthquake Forces." In Design of Steel Structures, 150–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2079-5_6.

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Winter, George. "Lateral Bracing of Columns and Beams." In Bracing Cold-Formed Steel Structures, 115–35. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784408179.apc.

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Pham, Ngoc Hieu. "Effects of Hole Locations on the Elastic Global Buckling Loads of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Members with Perforations Under Compression or Bending." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 57–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_6.

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AbstractCold-formed steel members with perforations have been commonly applied to meet the demands for technical installations. The design of the perforated members was regulated in Specification AISI S100-16 using the Direct Strength Method (DSM). This method is based on elastic buckling analyses to predict the capacities of cold-formed steel members. The determination of elastic buckling loads is compulsory for the application of the DSM method in the design and has been presented in the Specification. The specification regulations are only applied for symmetrical and evenly spaced holes. The paper, therefore, investigates the effects of unsymmetrical, unevenly spaced and eccentric holes on the elastic global buckling loads of perforated channel members using finite element analyses. The effect of symmetrical and evenly web holes on the elastic global buckling loads of cold-formed steel channel members in comparison with those of gross section members is also investigated.
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Zayat, K. A. "Diagonal With Steel Frame." In Structural Wood Detailing in CAD Format, 71–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2104-0_11.

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Pham, Ngoc Hieu. "Investigation of Web Hole Effects on Capacities of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Members." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 161–75. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1748-8_13.

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AbstractCold-formed steel structures have been widely applied in structural buildings with advantages in manufacturing, transportation and assembly. Holes can be pre-punched in the sectional members to allow technical pipes to go throughout such as electricity, water or ventilation. This affects the capacities of these such members which have been considered in the design standards in America or Australia/New Zealand. The paper, therefore, investigates the effects of web holes on the capacities of cold-formed steel channel members under compression or bending. Their capacities can be determined according to the American Specification AISI S100-16. The investigated results are the base for analysing the effects of web hole dimensions on the behaviors and capacities of cold-formed steel channel members. It was found that the capacity reductions were obtained for compressive members with the increase in hole sizes, but the flexural capacities were noticeable increase with the increase in the hole heights.
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Dennis, Michael. "Irresistible Forces: Conflict at Republic Steel." In The Memorial Day Massacre and the Movement for Industrial Democracy, 85–120. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230114722_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "FORGET STEEL"

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Santaputra, C., M. B. Parks, and W. W. Yu. "Web Crippling of Cold-Formed Steel Beams using High Strength Sheet Steels." In 6th International Conference on Vehicle Structural Mechanics and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/860823.

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Baldassino, N., R. Zandonini, G. Manzini, F. Scavazza, and C. A. Rogers. "Investigation on Cold-Formed Steel Braced Walls." In 10th Pacific Structural Steel Conference (PSSC 2013). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-7137-9_234.

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Seo, Eun Jung, John Speer, David Matlock, and R. L. Cryderman. "Characteristics of Precipitates in an Al- and N-Added Steel and Mo- and Nb-Added Steels for High-Temperature Vacuum Carburizing." In International Conference on Advances in Metallurgy of Long and Forged Products. Association for Iron & Steel Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/301/008.

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Gunalan, S., and M. Mahendran. "Improved Design Rules for Cold-formed Steel Columns." In 10th Pacific Structural Steel Conference (PSSC 2013). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-7137-9_271.

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Hoche, F. X., and D. Forgeoux. "Direct Quench Steel for Forged Parts." In International Conference on Advances in Metallurgy of Long and Forged Products. Association for Iron & Steel Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/301/009.

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Teo Kok Jin, Allan, J. Y. Richard Liew, S. L. Chan, Tian Wee Tan, Choon Guan Tay, and G. Gunasekaran. "Flower Dome and Cloud Forest Conservatories @ Gardens by the Bay." In 10th Pacific Structural Steel Conference (PSSC 2013). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-7136-2_304.

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Ng Ling Ying, Adeline, and Mei Chee Chiang. "Experimental Investigation on Cold-Formed Lipped C-Channel in Bending." In 10th Pacific Structural Steel Conference (PSSC 2013). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-7137-9_210.

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Oki, Koji, Takumi Ishii, and Kazuyuki Matsui. "Study on Structural Use of Cold-Formed Rectangular Hollow Section." In 10th Pacific Structural Steel Conference (PSSC 2013). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-7137-9_226.

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S., Käpplein, Misiek TH., Dacheva A., and Ummenhofer TH. "Introduction of Tensile Forces in Sandwich Panels with Mechanical Fasteners." In 4th International Conference on Steel & Composite Structures. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-6218-3_bus-th024.

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Kuntz, Matthias, Simon Lille, Garry Wicks, Thomas Sourmail, Victor Jimenez, and Carlos Garcia-Mateo. "Tailored Steel Microstructures for Fatigue Applications." In International Conference on Advances in Metallurgy of Long and Forged Products. Association for Iron & Steel Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/301/001.

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Reports on the topic "FORGET STEEL"

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Leis, Flamberg, and Rose. BB78ES8 Vintage Line Pipe Properties via Battelle's Archives. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011082.

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Pipeline fitness-for-service and maintenance prioritization both require knowledge of the line pipe�s mechanical properties and fracture resistance. This report presents such information for a broad range of steels, including vintage Grades A and B as well as early X-grades up through X52 produced from 1930 to 1970. Thirty-six data sets for steels over this range of grades were presented in terms of full-range curves for steels produced up through 1960, while results for another ~150 steels produced until 1970 were summarized in tabular format. Strength and toughness (via CVN and/or DWTT) data were presented with pipe vintage, line-pipe geometry, seam type, steel chemistry, and supplier.
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Leis. L51845 Database of Mechanical and Toughness Properties of Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010150.

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�The lower-strength grades of steel used for transmission pipelines into the 60s were much like those used in other steel construction in that era. These steels gained strength by traditional hardening mechanisms through chemistry changes, largely involving carbon and manganese additions. Improvement of these grades, primarily through control of ingot chemistry and steel processing, became necessary when running brittle fracture was identified as a failure mechanism in gas-transmission pipelines in the late 50s. Eventually, this avenue to increasing strength was exhausted for pipeline applications because this approach causes increased susceptibility to hydrogen-related cracking mechanisms as strength increases. For this reason, modern steels differ significantly from their predecessors in several ways, with the transition from traditional C-Mn ferrite-pearlite steels beginning in the mid 60s with the introduction of high-strength-low-alloy (HSLA) steels. This report presents the results of projects, PR-3-9606 and PR-3-9737, both of which were planned as multi-year projects. The first of these projects initially was conceived to provide broad evaluation of the fitness-for-service of wrinkle bends while the second was conceived to generate mechanical and fracture properties data for use in the integrity analysis of both the pipe body and weld seams in modern gas-transmission pipeline systems. As possible duplication between a joint industry project and the PRCI project became apparent, this project was scaled back to focus on properties of steels used in construction involving wrinkle bends. Consideration also was given to a more modern steel such as might be found in ripple bends, which are formed in bending machines that now have become widely used. The second project likewise was reduced in scope, with a focus on only the pipe body. Because both projects ended being centered on mechanical and fracture properties, both are presented in this combination report.
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Pound. L52104 Differentiation of Corrosion Mechanisms by Morphological Feature Characterization. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011097.

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Corrosion of liquid and gas pipelines can occur by various mechanisms. The ability to differentiate between mechanisms is crucial if corrosion control measures are to be effective. The objective of this work was to determine whether corrosion of pipeline steels results in characteristic morphological features that are diagnostic for specific corrosion mechanisms, particularly with regard to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Coupons of 1018 carbon steel were exposed for two weeks in 5 wt% NaCl under abiotic and biotic conditions in different environments (N2, N2-CO2, and N2-H2S). Pitting occurred in all environments both with and without bacteria present. Many of the pits formed under biotic conditions were similar in morphology to those formed under abiotic conditions. However, other pits exhibited a different morphology from the abiotic pits in the N2 and N2-CO2 environments. In the N2-H2S environment, the presence of bacteria did not result in any discernible differences in pit morphology. The biotic pits in the N2 and N2-CO2 environments were similar in shape and size to those previously found on pipeline steel in a biotic culture medium, where MIC was essentially the sole cause of pitting. Thus, identification of pits associated with MIC appears feasible for natural gas environments.
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Switzner, Nathan, Ted Neidt, John Hollenbeck, J. Knutson, Wes Everhart, R. Hanlin, R. Bergen, and D. K. Balch. HYDROGEN-ASSISTED FRACTURE IN FORGED TYPE 304L AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1134047.

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Kyprianou, Constantinos, Pinelopi Kyvelou, Leroy Gardner, and David A. Nethercot. NUMERICAL STUDY OF SHEATHED COLD-FORMED STEEL COLUMNS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.090.

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Selvaraj, Sivaganesh, and Mahendrakumar Madhavan. COLD-FORMED STEEL BUILT OF COLUMNS: EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.168.

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Morgan, Michael J. 2014 Accomplishments-Tritium aging studies on stainless steel: Fracture toughness properties of forged stainless steels-Effect of hydrogen, forging strain rate, and forging temperature. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170524.

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Briggs, Nicholas E., Robert Bailey Bond, and Jerome F. Hajjar. Cyclic Behavior of Steel Headed Stud Anchors in Concrete-filled Steel Deck Diaphragms through Push-out Tests. Northeastern University. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering., February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.17760/d20476962.

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Earthquake disasters in the United States account for $6.1 billion of economic losses each year, much of which is directly linked to infrastructure damage. These natural disasters are unpredictable and represent one of the most difficult design problems in regard to constructing resilient infrastructure. Structural floor and roof diaphragms act as the horizontal portion of the lateral force resisting system (LFRS), distributing the seismically derived inertial loads out from the heavy concrete slabs to the vertical LFRS. Composite concrete-filled steel deck floor and roof diaphragms are ubiquitously used in commercial construction worldwide due to the ease of construction and cost-effective use of structural material. This report presents a series of composite steel deck diaphragm Push-out tests at full scale that explore the effect that cyclic loading has on the strength of steel headed stud anchors. The effect that cyclic loading has on structural performance is explored across the variation of material and geometric parameters in the Push-out specimens, such as concrete density, steel headed stud anchor placement and grouping, steel deck orientation, and edge conditions. As compared to prior tests in the literature, the push-out tests conducted in this work have an extended specimen length that includes four rows of studs along the length rather than the typical two rows of studs, and an ability to impose cyclic loading. This provides novel insight into force flows in the specimens, failure mechanisms, and load distribution between studs and stud groups.
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Nicolas, Hadjipantelis, Gardner Leroy, and Wadee M. Ahmer. PRESTRESSED COLD-FORMED STEEL BEAMS – PARAMETRIC STUDIES AND DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.023.

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Wilson, Andy. PO164-173840-R01 TWI Laser Surface Hardening Report - Calibration Plates. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012234.

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TWI's demonstration of the potential of using the laser surface hardening technique to generate multiple streak-like surface hardened regions on thermo-mechanically controlled steel plates to match a specified profile map. This is not in a standard PRCI format.
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