Relevant bibliographies by topics / Forests Commission

Academic literature on the topic 'Forests Commission'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Forests Commission"

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Elmendorf, William, Vincent Cotrone, and Joseph Mullen. "Trends in Urban Forestry Practices, Programs, and Sustainability: Contrasting a Pennsylvania, U.S., Study." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 29, no. 4 (July 1, 2003): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2003.028.

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Previous studies provided criteria and guidelines both for measuring and increasing the sustainability of urban forests. These studies have also provided evidence that difficulties existed in completing important practices (e.g., inventories, street tree ordinances, management plans), which contribute to both better urban forest programs and sustainability. In a recent study of both small town tree commissions and programs in northeastern Pennsylvania U.S., there was a marked difference between tree commission members' attitudes toward urban forestry practices and the successful completion of them. Focus groups composed of tree commission members were used to gather information on why these differences existed. Our northeastern Pennsylvania study provided evidence that local tree commissions had difficulties completing urban forestry practices for a number of reasons, including a lack of volunteer time and a need for additional support and assistance. The study also showed that small town tree commissioners viewed and defined urban forest sustainability much more practically than has been expressed in the extant literature. Questions continue about how well local urban forestry practices support sustainable urban forest programs and resources.
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Lorenz, Martin, and Volker Mues. "Forest Health Status in Europe." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.17.

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Forest health status in Europe is assessed by the International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests). Established by the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) under the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the ICP Forests has been monitoring forest condition in close cooperation with the European Commission (EC) for 20 years. The present paper describes the latest results of the deposition measurements on permanent monitoring plots and of the extensive defoliation sample survey. The findings reveal marked spatial patterns in bulk and throughfall depositions of nitrate (N-NO3-), ammonium (N-NH4+), and sulfate (S-SO42-), as well as an obvious decrease in bulk and throughfall deposition of sulfate. Latest analyses of defoliation data confirm previous results, indicating a high correlation with weather extremes.
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WOODWELL, GEORGE M. "Forests on a full Earth." Environmental Conservation 24, no. 3 (September 1997): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892997000271.

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Objective: a return to a wholesome human habitatThe continued operation of the biosphere as a wholesome human habitat would be expected to emerge as one of several persistent collective purposes in human affairs. Daly (1993) has pointed to the challenge as accommodating the transition from an empty Earth, where resources exceed demand, to a full Earth, where demand routinely exceeds the resource. Forests are so large in every aspect of the biophysics of the human habitat that their functional integrity is intrinsic to that purpose. How can the functional integrity of forests on a full Earth best be assured on a global basis over the next decades as all pressures on the human habitat continue to soar? Such is the challenge before the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development, now completing its final hearings and preparing its report. The Commission was established in 1995 as a non-governmental group of distinguished citizens from the forested countries to do what governments had been unable to do in 1992 at the Rio Conference, namely to address the critical global and international issues of forests in the context of the emergent public interests, as opposed to continued destructive commercial exploitation. The Commission's staff and offices are in Geneva. Its report will be released in 1998.
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Da Ros, Gildo, and Maurizio Veneziani. "St. Galler Massnahmenplan Wald-Wild-Lebensraum (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 168, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2017.0209.

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The St. Gallen action plan “Forests-Wildlife-Habitat” (essay) Forests and wild ungulates coexist in nature and this coexistence is reflected in forest and hunting legislation. Planning for forestry and for hunting must ensure this coexistence with appropriate measures and optimize it in both time and space. Coexistence between forests and wild ungulates is a permanent area of tension, where escalation of tensions must be avoided. For this reason the Economy Department of the Canton of St. Gallen set up in 2012 a commission on Forests-Wildlife-Habitat, charged with preparing recommendations on how to address this issue. In the commission were represented hunting, forestry and – a new development – agriculture. In 2015, after a three-year process, the action plan for sustainable management of Forests-Wildlife-Habitat, signed by 18 cantonal associations of forestry, agriculture and hunting, could be approved by the Economy Department. The action plan proposes measures in nine areas, with the aim of optimizing ecological habitat quality, regulating game populations in function of the habitat, and improving communication, cooperation and training.
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Nanavaty, Reema. "Feminise our forests: Consultation on the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development." Development in Practice 7, no. 4 (November 1997): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614529754215.

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Francini, Saverio, Costanza Borghi, Giovanni D'Amico, Stefano Santi, and Davide Travaglini. "Automatic mapping of Italian forest disturbances between 1985 and 2019 using Landsat imagery and Google Earth Engine." L’Italia Forestale e Montana 77, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ifm-1616.

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Forests play a key role in the carbon cycle and the fight against climate change. Long-term monitoring of forest dynamics represents a key element for understanding forests transformations due to forest harvestings and disturbances including fires, wind storms, frost or drought events, and pathogen attacks. This work aims at mapping and evaluating the forest disturbances that have occurred in Italy since 1985, using Landsat satellite imagery and apposite algorithms. We predicted about 1.8 million forest disturbances occurring during the observation period. Disturbances ranged between 27.923 ha in 2014 and 261.733 ha in 1985. Most of the forest disturbances have been identified in Sicilia and Calabria. Commission errors fluctuated between 29% in 2012 and 65% in 2001 while omission errors were between 8% in 2014 and 88% in 2003. The results that we present in this work can increase our understanding of Italian forests, and serve as basis for future research, while the methodology we applied can support the production of official statistics on forest disturbances.
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Francini, Saverio, Costanza Borghi, Giovanni D'Amico, Stefano Santi, and Davide Travaglini. "Automatic mapping of Italian forest disturbances between 1985 and 2019 using Landsat imagery and Google Earth Engine." L’Italia Forestale e Montana 77, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ifm-1616.

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Forests play a key role in the carbon cycle and the fight against climate change. Long-term monitoring of forest dynamics represents a key element for understanding forests transformations due to forest harvestings and disturbances including fires, wind storms, frost or drought events, and pathogen attacks. This work aims at mapping and evaluating the forest disturbances that have occurred in Italy since 1985, using Landsat satellite imagery and apposite algorithms. We predicted about 1.8 million forest disturbances occurring during the observation period. Disturbances ranged between 27.923 ha in 2014 and 261.733 ha in 1985. Most of the forest disturbances have been identified in Sicilia and Calabria. Commission errors fluctuated between 29% in 2012 and 65% in 2001 while omission errors were between 8% in 2014 and 88% in 2003. The results that we present in this work can increase our understanding of Italian forests, and serve as basis for future research, while the methodology we applied can support the production of official statistics on forest disturbances.
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Gregersen, H., P. A. Dewees, H. El-Lakany, B. Singer, and J. Blaser. "Global forest governance and sustainable development: reflections on the life and times of John Spears." International Forestry Review 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 142–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554820829523934.

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The late John Spears' international career coincided with the emergence of global forest governance. His contributions at the World Bank, the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) and at the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development (WCFSD) are characterized by an unfailing call to integrate objectives towards forests and trees into broader development goals and particularly to tap the power of forests and trees to contribute to poverty alleviation.<br/> This paper describes the evolution of global forest governance since the early 1970s, especially focusing on the period when Spears was highly influential in the global forest policy debate. It gives an emphasis to the efforts the international community has made in adopting a more comprehensive perspective toward the role of forests in sustainable development. Despite this, global forest governance has recently tended to focus more narrowly on climate change at the expense of attention to the problem of poverty. While climate change is a major priority in its own right, we argue that this limited perspective needs to be overcome to unlock the full potential of forests in sustainable development, aimed at combating poverty.
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Slee, Conrad. "Forests in a Full World." Pacific Conservation Biology 9, no. 4 (2003): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc040309.

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THE loss of forests globally, and particularly the rapid deforestation occurring in tropical areas is a concerning issue. Forests in a Full World is a book about the role of forests at a turning point in the human economy where natural capital has replaced human capital as the limitation to further development. This represents the "full world" which provides little space for forests and their values. The book is the product of Woods Hole Research Centre and follows on from the report: Our Forests . . . Our Future (1999) by the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development. The book is a logically arranged collection of essays from experts in the field of forest management, which give relevant economic considerations to the sustainable use of forests. It is directed at readers with an interest in the fate of forests globally, particularly those with a desire for some technical information. The book gives reasons for deforestation in the past, the stages in which it occurs, and challenging options for increasing the role of forests in a degraded landscape.
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Bengston, David N., Jonathan Peck, Robert Olson, Melissa Barros, Richard A. Birdsey, Daniel R. Williams, Juan Carlos Leyva Reyes, and Francisco José Zamudio. "North American Forest Futures 2018–2090: Scenarios for Building a More Resilient Forest Sector." World Futures Review 10, no. 2 (February 15, 2018): 152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1946756718757751.

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North American forests and forest management institutions are experiencing a wide range of significant ecological disturbances and socioeconomic changes, which point to the need for enhanced resilience. A critical capacity for resilience in institutions is strategic foresight. This article reports on a project of the North American Forest Commission to use Futures Research to enhance the resilience of forest management institutions in North America. The Aspirational Futures Method was used to develop four alternative scenarios for the future of North American forests and forestry agencies: (1) an extrapolation of current trends into the expectable future titled Stressed Forests, (2) a scenario of growing desperation titled Megadisturbances Call for Military Intervention, (3) a high aspiration future titled High Tech Transformation and Cooperation, and (4) an alternative pathway to a highly preferable future titled Cultural Transformation Embraces Indigenous Values. These scenarios will be used in discussions and futures exercises with forestry leaders to develop foresight and assure that plans are responsive to the challenges and opportunities ahead.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Forests Commission"

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Manukyants, Anna. "Choice experiments and the social value of forests : Forestry Commission woodlands in south-east England, UK." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418574.

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This thesis investigates a relatively new approach to the valuation of the environment the Choice Experiments method, as a way of incorporating social values in forest planning and management processes It is shown that in previous research multidimensional forest values are found to largely reflect more general environmental values and that there is at present a sound rationale for looking for innovative ways of capturing such values in the United Kingdom (UK) forestry decision making processes. The thesis includes a detailed examination of the theoretical principles behind the traditional approaches to valuing the environment which have been dominant in the formation of the UK environmental policy. The main theoretical argument developed in the present research is that in the context of valuing environmental goods and services, elicitation of trade-offs between the conflicting value dimensions is of higher importance and usefulness than the conventional monetary estimation. In the light of this main argument the Choice Experiments( CE) method is examined in detail as a suitable approach for establishing trade-offs. This includes a discussion of both theoretical and methodological aspects of the method which influences the design of the empirical elements of the research. The empirical research is based on a study related to state-owned woodlands in the South East region of England. The CE survey in the local communities around Friston Forest and Abbot's Wood near Eastbourne East Sussex England is designed to explore and explain the relationship between three major dimensions of forest management nature conservation provision for public access and experience of nature. The analysis of the survey data analysis is used to estimate several multinomial logit models which describe the effect of each of the specified dimensions to the overall value placed on the forest environment The models are estimated for the whole sample as well as for sub-groups of the sample distinguished by socio-demographich characteristics There are three key findings from the CE survey. First, the analysis of the choice data reveals strongly expressed preference so wards higher levels of woodland conservation and lower levels of provision for public access in the form of recreational facilities. Second, in different preferences are observed in relation to the form of nature experience in the woodlands. Third, the use of sub-groups and separate models allows differentiation between segments of the population within the whole sample and hence the exploration of heterogeneity in tastes. The application of the CE method demonstrates the usefulness and suitability of this approach for identifying preferences and trade-offs between specified environmental value dimensions including both use and non-use values. A mong the main strengths of the method is the richness of the information obtained as well as the flexibility for estimating separate models to represent preferences of different segments of the studied population.
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Karpowicz, Z. J. "Forestry : the sociology of an occupation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232991.

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Jonasson, Svante. "The European Commission´s macroeconomic forecasts : - A multidimensional accuracy evaluation." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-160440.

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Prigmore, Deborah Susan. "Ground flora variation and management in Forestry Commission plantations at Thetford, East Anglia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297049.

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Kyllingstad, Helena. "From Commission to Decision : Perspectives on CBA in transport planning." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129316.

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Economic analysis is often employed for the purpose of efficient decision-making and allocation of societies’ resources and has been utilized in the Swedish national infrastructure planning since the 1960’s. The topic of this report is the utilisation of CBA in investigating the benefits and costs of transport investments in Sweden and its consequent role as a decision basis. It is the study of various actors’ perspectives on CBA itself, and not least its role within Swedish transport-planning. On the one hand the study concerns the actors interpretation of the current practice, on the other; their perspectives of how CBA ideally should be utilized. The purpose of the study is to be able to, by combining existing ideas, insights and competences in ways which can bridge the diverse perspectives, increase awareness concerning the utilisation and role of CBA in Swedish transport planning. The goal is not to argue against the use of CBA as a method or decision basis, nor to study the technicalities of the method, but rather, it is an attempt to make sense of CBA through the interpretation of various actors’ perspectives from commission to decision. Two main research questions are put forth to lead towards this purpose: First, how does the understanding of CBA vary among actors? And secondly, how can CBA be utilised to its full potential in transport planning?
Ekonomisk analys används ofta för att uppnå ett effektivt beslutsfattande och fördelning av samhällets resurser, i den svenska nationella infrastrukturplaneringen har de nyttjats sedan 1960-talet. Ämnet för denna rapport är användningen av CBA för att utreda nyttor och kostnader av transportinvesteringar i Sverige och dess åtföljande roll som beslutsunderlag. Det är en studie av olika aktörers perspektiv på samhällsekonomisk analys (CBA), och inte minst dess roll inom svenskt transportplanering. Å ena sidan gäller studien olika aktörers tolkning av nuvarande praxis, å andra sidan deras perspektiv på hur CBA helst bör användas. Syftet med studien är att, genom en kombination av befintliga idéer, insikter och kompetenser på ett sätt som kan överbrygga olika perspektiv, öka medvetenheten om användningen och betydelsen av CBA i svensk transportplanering. Målet är inte att argumentera mot användningen av CBA som metod eller beslutsunderlag, inte heller att studera de tekniska aspekterna av metoden, studien syftar snarare att försöka skapa förståelse för CBA genom tolkning av olika aktörers perspektiv från beställning till beslut. Två huvudsakliga forskningsfrågor lyfts fram för att leda mot detta syfte: För det första, hur varierar förståelsen av CBA mellan aktörerna? Och för det andra, hur kan CBA utnyttjas till sin fulla potential i transportplaneringen?
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Mackay, Donald G. "Rural land use agencies in Scotland : an appraisal of the record and effectiveness in Scotland of the Forestry Commission, the Nature Conservancy/Nature Conservancy Council and the Countryside Commission for Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU068760.

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During the second half of this century the institutions exercising the greatest influence upon rural land users over Scotland as a whole have been the agriculture Department (under various titles), the Forestry Commission, the Nature Conservancy/Nature Conservancy Council and the Countryside Commission for Scotland. The three latter institutions may be described as "quangos" (hereafter called "agencies") i.e. centrally-funded public bodies, but having a chairman and a board of management appointed from outwith government. In April 1992 the three agencies were radically reconstructed. The changes were described as having been made in response to criticism - not least in Scotland - of their structure and performance. It therefore seems timely to assess the record and effectiveness of the agencies in relation to Scotland, where both afforestation and nature conservation have had significant effects on land use. The method adopted is, first, to review the constitutional status and role of agencies in the UK, and the place of the land use agencies. Next, each of the three agencies is examined on its own, in terms of its historical origins, evolution and performance, particularly in relation to Scotland; its organisational structure; its efficiency and effectiveness as perceived by various observers; and its relationship with its "client" or interest group. Finally, the significance and achievement of the agencies - both individually and in combination - are appraised in relation to Scotland. It is concluded that they have fallen down on the custodial side of their terms of reference, i.e. their responsibility for the environment of rural Scotland. An explanation of the shortcomings of the agencies is sought in their institutional structure. A more coherent structure of agencies, aimed at curing the ills diagnosed, is suggested.
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Maier-Knapp, Naila. "EU Actorness with and within Southeast Asia in light of Non-traditional Security Challenges." Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8015.

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Nearly four decades of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-European Union (EU) relationship have witnessed the importance of ideas and identity alongside the economic interests in shaping the behaviour of the two sides. The study takes interest in understanding the EU’s actorness and the EU as a normative actor with and within Southeast Asia through a reflectivist lens. The thesis is an attempt to provide a new perspective on a relationship commonly assessed from an economic angle. It outlines the opportunity of non-traditional security (NTS) challenges to enhance EU actorness and normative influence in Southeast Asia. Against this backdrop, the study explores the dialogue and cooperative initiatives of two regions, which attach relatively little salience to each other. The study employs a NTS lens and draws upon the case of the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997-98, the haze in relation to forest governance, the Bali bombings of 2002 and the political conflict in Aceh. The study assumes that these NTS issues can stimulate processes of threat convergence as well as threat ‘othering’. It argues that these processes enhance European engagement in Southeast Asia and contribute to shaping regional stability in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, NTS crises present situations, where norms can become unstable, contested and substituted. This allows us to better examine the EU as a normative actor. To establish an understanding of the EU’s actorness and the EU as a normative actor, the empirical evidence will focus on the threat perceptions, motivations of action and activities of the EU and its member states. For the purpose of differentiating the EU as a normative actor, the study will also include the discussion of the normative objectives and behaviours of the EU and its member states and apply a reflectivist theoretical framework. Hypothetically, NTS crises trigger external assistance and normative influence and thus, they offer an opportunity to establish a more nuanced picture of the EU in the region. At the same time, the study acknowledges that there are a variety of constraints and variables that complicate the EU’s actorness. The thesis seeks to identify and discuss these. So far, scholarly publications have failed to apply the NTS perspective systematically. This thesis provides the first monograph-length treatment of the EU in Southeast Asia through a NTS and reflectivist lens.
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Helliwell, John. "Sustainable forest communities." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13550.

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Hagan, Julie. "Portée et limites de la participation délibérative : le cas de la Commission d'étude sur la gestion de la forêt publique québécoise." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4469.

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Ce mémoire de maîtrise s’intéresse à la portée et aux limites de la participation publique à la gestion des ressources naturelles. Plus spécifiquement, une étude du cas de la Commission Coulombe est réalisée afin de déterminer, d’une part, dans quelle mesure la participation délibérative a favorisé l’émergence de nouveaux discours et quels ont été ses effets politiques, d’autre part. L’argumentation se fonde sur une approche discursive-institutionnelle et, plus précisément, sur la notion d’arrangement politique développé par Bas Arts et Pieter Leroy. L’étude de la Commission Coulombe révèle que la participation délibérative a permis de renforcer la légitimité des institutions étatiques, elle a encouragé l’émergence de préoccupations et de notions nouvelles, elle a eu des effets sur l’élaboration des règles, des politiques et des programmes et a permis une certaine redéfinition des rapports de pouvoirs entre les acteurs du régime forestier québécois. Ses effets sont cependant ambivalents en termes de démocratisation de la gestion publique. Les pouvoirs publics ont utilisé la Commission pour rétablir leur crédibilité, justifier des décisions impopulaires et faire avancer les grandes orientations du gouvernement. De plus, les acteurs qui ont acquis le plus de pouvoir et les enjeux qui ont émergés de façon la plus marquée sont ceux qui étaient favorisés par le contexte politique de modernisation de l’État québécois.
This master’s thesis addresses the scope and limits of public participation in the management of natural resources. More precisely, a case study of the Commission Coulombe is made to determine, on one hand, how deliberative participation has encouraged the emergence of new discourses and what the political effects of this recognition were. The theoretical approach underlying the argument made in this dissertation is both discursive and institutional. It is based on Bas Arts and Pieter Leroy’s “political arrangement” notion. The analysis of the Coulombe Commission reveals that deliberative participation reinforced the legitimacy of state institutions, encouraged the emergence of new concerns and concepts, had effects on the elaboration of rules, policies and programs and fostered – to an extent – a redefinition of the power relations among the actors of Québec’s forest regime. However, its effects on the democratization of public management remain limited. Government officials made use of the Coulombe Commission to reestablish their credibility, to justify unpopular decisions and push forward the principal orientations of their government. Furthermore, the social actors who gained the most power and the issues who became prominent are those who were advantaged by Québec’s political agenda of state modernization.
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Ukwandu, Damian Chukwudi. "Water use and sustainable development in South Africa." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3482.

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This study is non-empirical and is based on the conceptualisations and theoretical foundations that gave rise to the global issue of sustainable development. It also traces the evolution and meaning of sustainable development in the South African socio-cultural context, and shows how the legacies of colonialism and apartheid contributed towards the national policy of sustainable development. This study explains the reasons for the presence (or lack) of sustainable development paradigms in apartheid and post-apartheid South Africa, as well as their implications for the future development of the country as a whole. There is also an analysis of the effects of the liberalisation of the water sector on the citizenry, and how this can disempower millions of poor South Africans. Finally, this study offers solutions for the lack of sustainable use of water in South Africa. Amongst the findings and conclusions are the deleterious effects of employment equity, cut-backs in municipal funding that resulted in the outsourcing of critical services such as water provision, and the deployment of party cadres to local councils.
Human Resources
M.A. (Development Studies)
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Books on the topic "Forests Commission"

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Benson, John F. Valuing informal recreation on the Forestry Commission estate. London: HMSO, 1992.

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Mississippi. Legislature. PEER Committee. A review of the Mississippi Forestry Commission. [Jackson, Miss.]: The Committee, 2000.

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Spencer, Jonathan. Ancient woodland on the Forestry Commission estate in England: Survey report. Bristol: Design & Interpretative Services, Forest Enterprise, 2002.

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African Forestry and Wildlife Commission. Intersessional Meeting. Report of the Inter-Sessional Meeting of the African Forestry and Wildlife Commission: Antalya--Turkey, 15 October 1997. [Accra]: FAO Regional Office for Africa, 1997.

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Ángel, Gustavo A. del. La Comisión Nacional Forestal en la historia y el futuro de la política forestal de México. México, D.F: COMISIÓN NACIONAL FORESTAL, 2012.

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A critical geography of Britain's state forests. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

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Meeting, African Forestry and Wildlife Commission Intersessional. Report of the Intersessional Meeting of the African Forestry and Wildlife Commission (AFWC), Accra, Ghana, 26-30 October 1998 =: Rapport de la Réunion intersessionnelle de la Commission des forêts et de la faune sauvage pour l'Afrique (CFFA), Accra, Ghana, 26-30 octobre 1998. [Accra]: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1999.

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African Forestry and Wildlife Commission. Bureau. Meeting. Meeting of the Bureau of the tenth session of the African Forestry and Wildlife Commission: Accra, 27-28 January 1997. [Accra]: FAO Regional Office for Africa, 1997.

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Germany (West). Enquete-Kommission "Vorsorge zum Schutz der Erdatmosphäre." Protecting the tropical forests: A high-priority international task : report of the Enquete-Commission "Preventive Measures to Protect the Earth's Atmosphere" of the 11th German Bundestag. [Bonn: Deutscher Bundestag, Referat Öffentlichkeitsarbeit], 1990.

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Maine. Forest Lands Taxation Commission. Report of the Forest Lands Taxation Commission to the second regular session of the 113th Legislature. [Augusta, Me.]: The Commission, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Forests Commission"

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García-Álvarez, David, Francisco José Jurado Pérez, and Javier Lara Hinojosa. "Supra-National Thematic Land Use Cover Datasets." In Land Use Cover Datasets and Validation Tools, 443–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90998-7_22.

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AbstractSupra-national thematic Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets are not very common. While there are several general datasets mapping all the land uses or covers in different supra-national areas across the world, LUC datasets with a similar extent that focus on the mapping of specific land covers in greater thematic detail are scarce. In this chapter, we review six different supra-national thematic LUC datasets. Three others were also found in the literature, but are not fully available for download, namely the TREES Vegetation Map of Tropical South America, the Central Africa—Vegetation map and FACET. The Circumpolar Arctic Region Vegetation dataset was also excluded from this review because of its specificity and coarse scale (1:7,500,000). Europe is the continent with the most relevant, most updated and most detailed LUC thematic datasets at supra-national scales. This is due to the work being done by the European Commission through its Joint Research Centre (JRC) and the Copernicus Land Monitoring Programme. The High-Resolution Layers (HRL) provide very detailed information, both thematically and spatially (from 10 m), for five different themes: imperviousness, tree cover, grasslands, water and wet covers, and small woody features. The European Settlement Map also provides information on built-up areas at very detailed scales (from 2.5 m). HRL and ESM are recently launched datasets which, therefore, do not provide a long series of historical data. In addition, ESM is an experimental dataset produced within the framework of a research project funded by the European Commission and no updates are expected. The datasets reviewed in this chapter for other parts of the world focus on vegetation covers of tropical forests and other relevant areas in terms of biodiversity and environmental studies. These datasets were produced within projects funded by the European Commission and the United States Agency for International Development. Unlike the previous datasets for Europe, they are already outdated and are usually produced at coarser spatial resolutions: Insular Southeast Asia—Forest Cover Map (1 km, 1998/00); Continental Southeast Asia—Forest Cover Map (1 km, 1998/02). For its part, the Congo Basin Monitoring dataset, although outdated, provides information at a higher resolution (57 m) for two different dates: 1990, 2000. The Joint Research Centre of the European Commission also produced an African cropland mask as a source of information for policy-makers. Of all the datasets reviewed in this chapter, it is the only one to focus on agricultural covers. It was obtained from data fusion at 250 m. Consequently, it does not show the cropland areas of Africa for a specific date across the whole continent.
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Warziniack, Travis, Robert G. Haight, Denys Yemshanov, Jenny L. Apriesnig, Thomas P. Holmes, Amanda M. Countryman, John D. Rothlisberger, and Christopher Haberland. "Economics of Invasive Species." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 305–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_14.

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AbstractWhile the subset of introduced species that become invasive is small, the damages caused by that subset and the costs of controlling them can be substantial. This chapter takes an in-depth look at the economic damages non-native species cause, methods economists often use to measure those damages, and tools used to assess invasive species policies. Ecological damages are covered in other chapters of this book. To put the problem in perspective, Federal agencies reported spending more than half a billion dollars per year in 1999 and 2000 for activities related to invasive species ($513.9 million in 1999 and $631.5 million in 2000 (U.S. GAO 2000)). Approximately half of these expenses were spent on prevention. Several states also spend considerable resources on managing non-native species; for example, Florida spent $127.6 million on invasive species activities in 2000 (U.S. GAO 2000), and the Great Lakes states spend about $20 million each year to control sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) (Kinnunen 2015). Costs to government may not be the same as actual damages, which generally fall disproportionately on a few economic sectors and households. For example, the impact of the 2002 outbreak of West Nile virus exceeded $4 million in damages to the equine industries in Colorado and Nebraska alone (USDA APHIS 2003) and more than $20 million in public health damages in Louisiana (Zohrabian et al. 2004). Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) cause $300–$500 million annually in damages to power plants, water systems, and industrial water intakes in the Great Lakes region (Great Lakes Commission 2012) and are expected to cause $64 million annually in damages should they or quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) spread to the Columbia River basin (Warziniack et al. 2011).
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Parker, John. "The Forestry Commission." In Public Enterprise, 59–72. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003254690-2.

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Ivanova Boncheva, Antonina, and Alfredo Bermudez-Contreras. "Blue Carbon in Emissions Markets: Challenges and Opportunities for Mexico." In Springer Climate, 265–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82759-5_13.

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AbstractMangroves are ecosystems made up of trees or shrubs that develop in the intertidal zone and provide many vital environmental services for livelihoods in coastal areas. They are a habitat for the reproduction of several marine species. They afford protection from hurricanes, tides, sea-level rise and prevent the erosion of the coasts. Just one hectare of mangrove forest can hold up to 1,000 tons of carbon dioxide, more than tropical forests and jungles. Mexico is one of the countries with the greatest abundance of mangroves in the world, with more than 700,000 ha. Blue carbon can be a novel mechanism for promoting communication and cooperation between the investor, the government, the users, and beneficiaries of the environmental services of these ecosystems, creating public–private-social partnerships through mechanisms such as payment for environmental services, credits, or the voluntary carbon market. This chapter explores the possibilities of incorporating blue carbon in emissions markets. We explore the huge potential of Mexico’s blue carbon to sequester CO2. Then we analyse the new market instrument that allows countries to sell or transfer mitigation results internationally: The Sustainable Development Mechanism (SDM), established in the Paris Agreement. Secondly, we present the progress of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) to standardize the methodologies to assess their stock and determine the magnitude of the blue carbon sinks. Thirdly, as an opportunity for Mexico, the collaboration with the California cap-and-trade program is analysed. We conclude that blue carbon is a very important mitigation tool to be included in the compensation schemes on regional and global levels. Additionally, mangrove protection is an excellent example of the mitigation-adaptation-sustainable development relationship, as well as fostering of governance by the inclusion of the coastal communities in decision-making and incomes.
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Hodge, S. J., G. Patterson, and R. Mcintosh. "The Approach of the British Forestry Commission to the Conservation of Forest Biodiversity." In Assessment of Biodiversity for Improved Forest Planning, 91–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9006-8_9.

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Milne, David. "Joint Ministerial Responsibilities: The Forestry Commission and the Crown Estate Commissioners." In The Scottish Office, 181–87. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003212782-27.

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Hofer, T., and P. Ceci. "Mission and History of the European Forestry Commission Working Party on the Management of Mountain Watersheds." In Management of Mountain Watersheds, 3–5. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2476-1_1.

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Oikonomou, Iraklis. "The EDA-European Commission Connection in EU Military R&D: Not Seeing the Forest for the Trees." In Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, 261–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68807-7_14.

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Mertens, Christoph, Jesús Alonso, Oscar Lázaro, Charaka Palansuriya, Gernot Böge, Alexandros Nizamis, Vaia Rousopoulou, et al. "A Framework for Big Data Sovereignty: The European Industrial Data Space (EIDS)." In Data Spaces, 201–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98636-0_10.

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AbstractThe path that the European Commission foresees to leverage data in the best possible way for the sake of European citizens and the digital single market clearly addresses the need for a European Data Space. This data space must follow the rules, derived from European values. The European Data Strategy rests on four pillars: (1) Governance framework for access and use; (2) Investments in Europe’s data capabilities and infrastructures; (3) Competences and skills of individuals and SMEs; (4) Common European Data Spaces in nine strategic areas such as industrial manufacturing, mobility, health, and energy. The project BOOST 4.0 developed a prototype for the industrial manufacturing sector, called European Industrial Data Space (EIDS), an endeavour of 53 companies. The publication will show the developed architectural pattern as well as the developed components and introduce the required infrastructure that was developed for the EIDS. Additionally, the population of such a data space with Big Data enabled services and platforms is described and will be enriched with the perspective of the pilots that have been build based on EIDS.
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Oosthoek, K. Jan. "Who Speaks for the Trees?" In Oral History and the Environment, 239—C12.N37. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190684969.003.0013.

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Abstract Anyone who travels through the Scottish Highlands is struck by its bleak beauty, empty moors, and rugged mountains, but also by the large blocks of conifer plantations. The creation of these forest plantations is probably the biggest change in land use since the so-called Clearances of the eighteenth century. The British Forestry Commission created most of these plantations from its inception in 1919. In recent decades, environmentalists have decried the blocks of monotonous conifer plantations on the Scottish hillsides and criticized the foresters that created them for not having regard for landscape aesthetics and nature conservation. In 1998 and 1999, the author interviewed some of the men who created these forestry plantations. The aim of the interviews was to find out how these foresters had created the new forests and what they thought of the criticism leveled at them by environmentalists.
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Conference papers on the topic "Forests Commission"

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Newton, W., C. Gurney, David R. Sloggett, and Ian J. Dowman. "Approach to the automated identification of forests and forest change in remotely sensed images." In Spatial Information from Digital Photogrammetry and Computer Vision: ISPRS Commission III Symposium, edited by Heinrich Ebner, Christian Heipke, and Konrad Eder. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.182812.

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Palubinskas, Gintautas. "Comparison of texture-based and fuzzy classification approaches for regenerating tropical forest mapping using LANDSAT TM." In Spatial Information from Digital Photogrammetry and Computer Vision: ISPRS Commission III Symposium, edited by Heinrich Ebner, Christian Heipke, and Konrad Eder. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.182862.

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Brauen, Ueli. "Wooden Footbridge in a National Heritage Site." In Footbridge 2022 (Madrid): Creating Experience. Madrid, Spain: Asociación Española de Ingeniería Estructural, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24904/footbridge2022.059.

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<p>The forest management body Groupement Forestier des Agittes, which was creating a discovery trail at La Joux Verte, commissioned Brauen Wälchli Architectes to design a suspended footbridge from which walkers could enjoy a commanding view over the restored ruins of the former dam cutting across the valley. The footbridge was built according to the principles of sustainable development. Renewable and recycled local materials and regional know-how were employed in its construction.</p>
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ALFONSO, David, Ana MEZQUITA, Eliseo MONFORT, and Daniel GABALDÓN-ESTEVAN. "VALORISATION OF FOREST AND AGRICULTURAL BIOMASS FOR THE SPANISH CERAMIC TILE INDUSTRY." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.073.

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Since ceramic tile industry is an energy intensive industry, European ceramic companies are challenged to reduce their CO2 emissions in the medium and long-term. According the Roadmap for moving to a low-carbon economy in 2050 (European Commission, 2011) the objective is to achieve a reduction in CO2 emissions of between 34 % and 40 % by 2030, and between 83 % and 87 % by 2050. In the present paper we present a study on the viability of the incorporation of biofuels in the energy mix of the Spanish ceramic industry with the objective of (1) identifying the potential use of biomass resources, with a special focus of forest and agricultural biomass, in the manufacturing process of ceramic tile products; (2) identify in what part of the production process it can be introduced; and (3) calculate the reduced environmental impact from the manufacture of ceramic materials through a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. In order to proceed we firstly present the relevant state of the art for the study of the use of biomass for the ceramic manufacturing process. We continue with the methodology for biomass resources evaluation and present relevant data on forest and agricultural biomass for the ceramic tile industry. We then present data on the evolution and actual energy demand of the ceramic tile industry to characterize its energy demand. And then we identify an opportunity for biomass use in a specific phase of the manufacture of ceramic products, estimating the savings of fossil fuels and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and therefore assessing the environmental impact reduction through the introduction of biomass in the manufacturing process of ceramic tile products.
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Ascherl, Mike J., and Bryan K. Kendig. "Refurbishment of Rolls-Royce 501 Turbo-Generators for Oil Production in Ecuador." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-274.

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During 1997–1999 an energy company based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada added approximately 17.5 megawatts of electrical generating capacity to its oil production facility in Ecuador. Reservoir pressure was insufficient to permit free flow into the transportation pipeline. Therefore, a series of motor driven, bottom hole pumps had been installed. As is typical with many remote well sites, an electricity source was not available to achieve reliable operation of the bottom hole pumps. Therefore, a decision was made to install seven (7) refurbished on-site turbo-generator sets. The turbo-generators are based on the Rolls-Royce 501K gas generator, were commissioned during the first half of 2000, and today provide electricity for the facility. This paper discusses the refurbishment of the turbo-generator sets. The refurbishment is a noteworthy achievement given the fact that the units sat idle for many years within the unprotected environment of the Venezuelan rain forest. The refurbishment methods and technologies are discussed. Factory test data are also presented.
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Ernst, Thomas, Markus Fritschi, and Stratis Vomvoris. "Stepwise Site Selection in Switzerland: Sectoral Plan Status and Outlook." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40150.

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The stepwise site selection process in Switzerland is governed by the Sectoral Plan. It is divided in three stages, narrowing down the number of potential siting regions (Stage 1) to at least two sites for each of the two geological repositories, the low and intermediate-level waste site (LLW) and the high-level waste site (HLW), in Stage 2, leading to the final selection of a site for each repository (Stage 3) for the application of a general license. In October 2008, Nagra proposed a total of 6 siting regions for the LLW repository and three for the HLW repository; the latter would also be suitable for shared use with the surface facilities and part of the access tunnels for the two types of repositories. The review of Nagra’s proposals by the safety authority (ENSI — the Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate) and its supporting commission was completed in February 2010. ENSI found Nagra’s analysis justified comprehensive and transparent and approved the six proposed regions. A similar overall conclusion was reached by KNS, the Swiss Commission for Nuclear Safety. The decision-making process continues in 2010 with an evaluation of the review and recommendations of ENSI by the various agencies at the governmental, cantonal and local level, an open public consultation and finally, a resolution of the comments received by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE). Stage 1 will be concluded in 2011 with the decision by the Swiss Federal Government. Stage 2 foresees a provisional safety analysis for each potential site as an additional criterion to be used in the narrowing down to two sites for each type of waste repository. The guidelines for this have been recently published by ENSI. The main findings of the review by the authorities, the next steps and preparatory activities for the initiation of Stage 2, as well as how the criteria and guidelines specified by ENSI will be applied by Nagra in order to meet the requirements for a successful completion of Stage 2 are described below.
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Rudland, David L. "Can Inservice Inspections Be Eliminated for Passive Components in the U.S. Nuclear Fleet?" In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-78318.

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Abstract For the last 50 years, inservice inspection (ISI) of passive components, i.e., vessels, piping, etc., has played a pivotal role in maintaining the safety of the current nuclear fleet. The original inspection programs were designed on a sampling strategy, where a sampling of similar components is scheduled to provide a measure of assurance that all components are safe. Over the last several years, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission has approved plant-specific extensions to in-service inspection frequencies with a basis that includes operational experience and risk-informed arguments. In addition, risk assessment has been used to allow classification of components into risk categories with low-risk categories being exempt for certain inservice inspection requirements. From a risk-perspective, the impact of passive component failure on overall plant safety is typically small. However, these calculations are based on current state of knowledge and many times lack the ability to foresee potential degradation issues. The operational experience suggests that even though the discovery of new degradation mechanics has slowed over the years, continuing degradation and its impact on risk-insights should be considered when evaluating the need for periodic inspection of passive components. This paper presents some thoughts on the impacts of eliminating in-service inspection requirements for passive components and how monitoring performance is essential to plant safety.
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Hoyos, Carolina Manrique, and Bruce Haglund. "Wood+: Strategies for a Material Shift in Architectural Design." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.26.

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Our architecture program is committed to promote the use of wood as the major structural material in architectural design, reinforcing a much-needed material shift to mitigate climate change. Wood is a robust alternative to concrete and steel, sequestering carbon rather than spewing it into the atmosphere. Our region is experiencing a rapid re-emergence of the use of timber and manufactured wood structural products. Timber can be sustainably harvested and locally milled, further reducing carbon pollution in the supply chain. The development of timber construction offers an opportunity to increase our Architecture Program’s commitment to address- ing environmental sustainability in architecture education. Our program has addressed this commitment by expanding curricular and pedagogical strategies encouraging a material shift in key courses in undergraduate and graduate curricula. This paper presents those strategies in four of our architectural design studios where a wood-focused theme inspires our students to be “future stewards to shape zero-net-car- bon buildings and communities1” These strategies exemplify efforts to explore intersections between research and teach- ing, and partnerships between academia and industry in the United States and abroad. The four architectural design studios discussed include: a third-year undergraduate competition-based studio that is tied to our one-year structural systems sequence and is sponsored by a State Commission funded by the forest industry since 2012; a 400/500 level vertical studio; and our Integrated Architectural Design graduate studio where we have defined the use of mass timber as the theme for comprehensive architectural design projects that include the AIA Framework for Design Excellence (previously known as the COTE Top Ten Toolkit2); and our immersive United Kingdom (UK) Study Abroad graduate program (a spring preparatory seminar and a summer research studio in the UK) where we expanded content and pedagogical strategies on green buildings and cities to include cross-laminated timber (CLT).
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Ceastina, Ala. "The outstanding architect Alexander Iosifovich Bernardazzi (1831–1907)." In Patrimoniul cultural: cercetare, valorificare, promovare. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975351379.20.

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This year marks the 190th birthday of the famous Swiss architect of Italian origin A.I. Bernardazzi, who is also known for creating various historic buildings in Ukraine, Bessarabia and Poland. Archival documents were an evidence of the beginning of architectural career of Bernardazzi, when the Bessarabian Road and Construction Commission appointed him as the technician for urban planning of Akkerman and Bendery in 1853 and also for building some bridges and causeways in those districts. He took part in the organization of the third market in the Forest Square in Kishinev in September of 1855. This was the first mission of his creativity in Kishinev. Alexander Bernardazzi executed his duty as municipal architect from 1856 to 1878 having taken the place of another architect Luca Zaushkevich. All his subsequent monumental buildings became the best examples of European architecture by their style, shape, and quality. . In Bessarabia, he participated in the design and construction of many buildings such as the temporal theatre, the Lutheran school, the railway station, the Greek Church, the Manuk-Bei’s palace, etc. As for Kishinev, the architect Bernardazzi performed the beautification of paving many streets, the construction of urban water supply and the cast-iron railing in the city park. Also, he participated in many architects’ meetings where he submitted interesting reports referring to the theater, some windows, fire safety of buildings and so on. After his arrival to Odessa in 1878, Alexander Bernardazzi continued to participate in designing social and civil buildings in Bessarabia. For his enormous creative contribution to urban development, he was appreciated with the title of honorable citizen of Kishinev and appointed member of the Bessarabian department of the Imperial Russian Technical Society.
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Wan, Ping K., Alice C. Carson, and Desmond W. Chan. "Climate Change Considerations in Sustainable Development of Nuclear Power Plants in the United States." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29331.

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Nuclear power generation has become an increasingly attractive alternative in the global power market due to growing demand for electric power, increasing global competition for fossil fuels, concern over greenhouse gas emissions and their potential impact on climate change, and the desire for energy independence. Nuclear energy plays an integral role in providing carbon free energy for sustainable development of global electric power generation. Assuring the protection of people and the environmental is a prime consideration in the design, construction, and operation of nuclear power plants. Potential environmental and safety concerns must be carefully evaluated and addressed. In order to assure that the nuclear power plant designs are sufficiently robust, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) requires that applicants for early site permits (ESP) and construction/operating licenses (COL) identify the most severe natural phenomena historically reported for the site and surrounding area to ensure sufficient design margin exists, considering the limited accuracy, quantity, and time in which the associated data has been collected. Because these permits are valid for a period up to 40 years, the potential impacts of climate change on the severity of natural phenomena, as it relates to the design basis and nuclear safety and environmental impacts are of increasing interest. Although no conclusive evidence or consensus of opinion is available on the long-term climatic changes resulting from human or natural causes, the USNRC has requested that climate change forecasts be considered for their potential affecting the most severe natural phenomena. The specific subject areas of concern include: • Extreme temperature and extreme precipitation (liquid & frozen) statistics – review 100 years of data around the site versus a review of the previous 30 years of data. • Extreme wind/basic wind speed – review previous 100 years of tropical cyclone data (including hurricanes) in the site vicinity versus previous 30 years of data. • Tornado – review of frequency and intensity trends and forecasts. • Drought – review of water availability / water supply during drought conditions and drought of record. • Stagnation Potential – review of conditions that would result in restrictive dispersion of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines the challenges and constraints in identifying and developing appropriate design- and operating-basis site/regional meteorological conditions while accounting for potential climate change during preparation of an ESP and/or COL. Because there is no regulatory guidance or quantitative acceptance criteria currently available, the methodology used to address climate change in a recent issued ESP will be discussed as an example.
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