Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Forest conservation behaviour'
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Mäki-Petäys, H. (Hannaleena). "Conservation and management of populations in a fragmented forest landscape:behavioural ecology meets population genetics." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514283482.
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The effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on the genetic structure and vulnerability of populations strongly depend on the behaviour of a particular species. In this thesis, I examined the effects of forest fragmentation on genetic population structure with the aim of identifying and evaluating the different genetic and behavioural factors important for species conservation and management on different geographical scales. The species studied were the mound building red wood ants Formica lugubris and F. aquilonia, and a lekking bird, the capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus.
Habitat loss and fragmentation affected the genetic structure in both wood ants and capercaillie. In general, the effects were related to the time since fragmentation and to the level of habitat loss and isolation from the other existing populations. The loss of genetic diversity due to population fragmentation was less observable than the differences in population structure. The response to habitat fragmentation was further dependent on species characteristics such as dispersal and mating behaviour. Sociality affected the genetic vulnerability of wood ant populations by decreasing gene diversity, increasing inbreeding depression and restricting gene flow between subpopulations. The results on the capercaillie in turn suggested that lekking behaviour restricts dispersal of both sexes, thus elevating the occurrence of inbreeding between individuals.
The present study provided important information on species conservation and management in terms of better understanding species' biology and behaviour, as well as increased knowledge concerning the genetic issues that should be taken into account when planning conservation actions. By examining the genetic structure of the species it was possible to clarify the conservation status including the effective population size, the question of origin, and the genetic vulnerability (genetic diversity, inbreeding and inbreeding depression) of the populations and/or species. Overall, the results emphasised the importance of preserving the effective population size and the connectivity of habitat patches when planning species specific management strategies. There were great differences in conservation needs among the species, which should be taken into account especially in local management actions.
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Geskos, Alkiviadis. "The behaviour, ecology and conservation of the Agrini Capra SP. In the Samaria national Forest Park, Crete, Greece." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535826.
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Mattsson, Mårten. "Markägare i Stockholms län och deras inställning till biodiversitet och skydd av mark /." Umeå : Institutionen för skoglig resurshushållning och geomatik, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/9717170.pdf.
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Zabala, Aiora. "Motivations and incentives for pro-environmental behaviour : the case of silvopasture adoption in the tropical forest frontier." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/253009.
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On the frontier of biodiversity-rich tropical forests, how land is used has an important role in buffering the primary ecosystem. Unsustainable small-scale cattle farming endangers soil quality and degrades the landscape. Silvopasture is a type of agroforestry that provides both ecological and livelihood benefits. A number of projects have been implemented across the tropics to encourage silvopasture adoption, with varying success. This dissertation questions the reasons for variable outcomes among participants within these projects: what motivates smallholders to adopt innovative land-use practices, and what form of incentives may help to overcome obstacles and catalyse adoption. This dissertation contributes to the ongoing debate on payments for ecosystem services, specifically about their suitability and effectiveness. To understand what influences decisions to adopt sustainable land-use practices, I review systematically and quantitatively the literature on adoption predictors, and I empirically analyse participation and short-term adoption in a pilot project for planting fodder trees in the border of a protected forest in Chiapas, Mexico, using primary and secondary data. I focus on subjective perspectives and livelihood strategies of actual and potential participants as explanatory variables, which have received unduly scarce attention in past studies. This lack of attention is partially caused by the difficulties of operationalising internal variables. I address this challenge by developing an analytical approach that increases the precision of the resulting perspectives in Q methodology. I cluster livelihood strategies and model adoption. This in-depth case-study suggests the type of incentives that are adequate to encourage adoption of sustainable land-use practices. Results indicate that payments may not be the best incentive for pioneer adopters, and that the adoption process is composed of separate individual steps, which are influenced distinctly by identifiable predictors, such as livelihood diversity. Uncovering this heterogeneity of motivations towards adoption provides useful knowledge for designing more effective external policy interventions.
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Schulze, Mark D. "Ecology and behavior of nine timber tree species in Pará, Brazil : links between species life history and forest management and conservation /." View online version of this title, 2003. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-436/index.html.
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Schons, Do Valle Stella Zucchetti. "Forests and fisheries in the Brazilian Amazon: Understanding incentives to comply with conservation efforts." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87516.
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This PhD dissertation represents an effort to understand individual behavior leading to decisions regarding natural resource use and compliance with conservation policy at the government and at the community levels through the analysis of specific cases in the Brazilian Amazon. I first analyze the case of smallholder land clearing along the Transamazon and BR-163 highways in the face of Brazilian Forest Code enforcement by the federal government. My hypothesis is that smallholder land clearing paths over time are affected by assessments of the probability of being caught violating the Forest Code. I develop a dynamic decision model that considers the potential benefits and costs accrued from land clearing through time by a representative smallholder and include her perception of the probability of Forest Code enforcement, unobserved to the researcher. I apply an endogenous switching regressions econometric model to data collected with a sample of 542 households in 2003 and 2013/14. I find that longer land tenure frontiers where there are opportunities for smallholders to transition to cattle grazing from agriculture deserve the attention of enforcement of land clearing laws and restrictions and that the use of the forest by a smallholder is a protective signal that must be considered and encouraged. My results suggest that alleged government efforts to enforce the Forest Code among smallholders in the sample region have been ineffective. The second case I analyze is that of fisher households that enforce community fishing agreements, known as accords, in the floodplains of the Amazon River surrounding the city of Santarém. My hypothesis is that individual households benefit from their own fishing accords enforcement effort through fishing time savings. A factor demand analysis applied to data collected with over 600 households reveals that statistically important drivers of labor demand and fuel include the level of dedication of a household and its history in implementing fishing accords, the landscape, the flood cycle, the distance to the main regional market and biomass. The average household fishing time savings from enforcing accords range between 59 and 36 eight-hour days for a six-month-period, an important argument for continuing the enterprise.PHD
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Newing, Helen S. "Behavioural ecology of duikers (Cephalophus spp.) in forest and secondary growth, Tai, Cote d'Ivoire." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2179.
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The behavioural ecology of duikers (Cephalophus spp.) was studied in mature forest and mixed secondary vegetation around TaI National Park, Cöte d'Ivoire. The most common species in both vegetation types was C. maxwelli, followed by C. dorsalis, C. ogilbyi, C. niger, C. zebra and C. lentinki in mature forest, and C. niger, C. dorsalis and C. sylvicultor in secondary vegetation. Population surveys were carried out by a number of methods. Transect censuses by night were found most efficient in mature forest, whereas in secondary vegetation, only pellet transect censuses and drives into nets were possible. C. maxwelli populations were estimated at about 63 km2 in mature forest and 79 km2 in secondary vegetation. Duikers were primarily frugivorous, but the proportion of leaves taken increased in the season of fruit scarcity. Fruit abundance in different habitats increased with the age of the vegetation. Six C. maxwelli in mature forest and four in secondary vegetation were radio-collared to determine ranging patterns and social behaviour. They were diurnal and lived in groups of one male with one or two females and young. Home ranges, which were about 5 ha in size in mature forest and 3.6 ha in secondary vegetation, were defended by males, and the boundaries were marked by latrine areas by both sexes. In mixed secondary vegetation, all habitats were used except open fields and bamboo thickets. Implications for conservation and management are discussed. The continued preservation of mature forest and the control of poaching are essential for the survival of the three rarer species (C. -jentinki, C. zebra and C. ogilbyi). The control of poaching must precede any programme of sustainable harvesting of the more abundant species, which could be carried out in secondary vegetation. Duiker farming may be possible if low-cost sources of fencing and forage can be identified.
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Willson, Susan K. "Army ants and obligaate ant-following birds : a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns and behavior in Amazonian Peru /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091978.
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Gaugris, Jerome Yves. "The impacts of herbivores and humans on the utilisation of woody resources in conserved versus non-conserved land in Maputoland, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06052008-162658.
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Haley, Ryan C. Haley Ryan C. Fox Shane M. Klotzbach Roy Michael. "Best practices in the Navy's energy programs strategic communication factors operating in the tactical forces." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FHaley%5FMBA.pdf.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009."Advisor(s): King, Cynthia. ; Salem, Anita. "December 2009." "MBA Professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on April 12, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Energy Conservation; Strategic Communication; U.S. Navy Energy Conservation Programs; Motivations; Incentives; Behavior Change Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-87). Also available in print.
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Gakunde, Yves P. "The potential role of payment for ecosystem services in protected area management in Rwanda: A case study from Gishwati-Mukura national park." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1597951038532134.
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Lough, Hamish. "Predicting the spatial distribution of stoats, ship rats and weasels in a beech forest setting using GIS." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1276.
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Using trap data the Hawdon, Poulter and South Branch valleys, a spatial distribution model was created for Stoats (Mustela erminea), Ship Rats (Rattus rattus) and Weasels (Mustela nivalis) in the North Branch of the Hurunui River. Ten spatial attributes were analysed in this thesis as potential spatial predictors of Stoats, Ship rats or Weasels; four of which were distance related measurements (distance from ecotonal edge, distance from river, distance from river tributary and distance from trapping edge); three were climate based variables (mean maximum temperature, mean minimum temperature and mean precipitation) and three were topographical based variables (elevation, aspect and slope). Relationships that existed between each spatial attribute and the number of Stoats, Ship Rats and Weasels caught were quantified by comparing the significance of the mean trapping rate with each spatial attribute and expressed spatially as maps in a Geographical Information System (GIS). Results from this thesis found elevation, aspect and distance from ecotonal edge as potential spatial predictors of Stoat populations. Elevation and aspect were found to be potential predictors of Ship rat and Weasel populations. GIS is able to predict the spatial distribution of pest species to a similar (or better) level compared to more formal associative models. The potential of GIS is however, restrained by the same limitations associated with these models. By using a larger trapping data set and identifying a number of social interactions between Stoats, Ship Rats and Weasels, one can improve the accuracy of spatially modelling each species within a Beech forest environment. Therefore, improve our understanding how landscapes influence the distribution of each pest species.
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(8098112), Ben L. Gottesman. "Using Soundscapes to Measure Biodiversity, Habitat Condition, and Environmental Change in Aquatic Ecosystems." Thesis, 2019.
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Biodiversity loss is the silent crisis of the 21st century. Human activities are drastically altering the diversity of life on Earth, yet the extent of this transformation is shrouded by our limited information on biodiversity and how it is changing. Emerging technologies may be suited to fill this information gap, and as a result increase our capacity to measure and manage natural systems. Acoustic monitoring is a remote sensing technique that is rapidly reshaping the temporal and spatial scales with which we can assess animal biodiversity. Through recording and analyzing soundscapes—the collection of sounds occurring at a given place and time—we can assess biodiversity, habitat condition, and environmental change. However, the relationships between soundscapes and these three ecological dimensions are still in the early phases of categorization, especially in aquatic systems.
This dissertation investigates how soundscapes can be used to measure biodiversity, habitat condition, and environmental change in aquatic habitats. It addresses several knowledge gaps: First, I develop a framework for classifying unknown sounds within a soundscape, which I use to measure the acoustic diversity and dynamics within a tropical freshwater wetland. Second, I demonstrate that soundscapes can reflect the resilience of animal communities following disturbance events. Altered soundscapes revealed that Hurricane Maria, which swept through Puerto Rico in September 2017, impacted dry forest animal communities more than adjacent coral reef communities. Third, in kelp forest habitats off the coast of California, USA, I showed that soundscape variables correlated with ecological variables associated with regime shift in kelp forests, including urchin density, kelp cover, and fish diversity. Overall, this dissertation demonstrates that soundscape recording and analysis is a promising way to assess the ecological conditions of aquatic systems.
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Rödde, Sandy Marie-Christine. "Verhalten und Raumnutzung von Exmoorponys im Reiherbachtal (Solling)." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-6056-3.
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Vom Herbst 2011 bis zum Herbst 2013 wurde das Verhalten und die Standortwahl einer Herde Exmoorponys unter seminatürlichen Bedingungen im Naturpark Solling-Vogler untersucht.
Die zehn Fokustiere lebten auf einer rund 140 ha großen Fläche.
Die Verhaltensweisen wurden für jedes Individuum mittels focal-animal-sampling notiert. Im Durchschnitt verbrachten die Exmoorponys im Solling 72,4% des gezeigten Gesamtverhaltens mit der Nahrungsaufnahme, 15,5% mit dem Ruhen, 6,5% mit der Lokomotion, 2,1% mit dem Komfortverhalten, 1,4% mit dem Stehen, 1,3% mit dem Sozialverhalten, 0,7% mit dem Defäkationsverhalten und 0,2% mit der Aufnahme von Flüssigkeiten.
Die Verhaltensweisen unterlagen dabei einem Tages- sowie Jahresrhythmus.
Der Grund für diese saisonalen Schwankungen waren die entsprechenden Vegetationsgegebenheiten sowie die klimatischen Bedingungen während der Jahreszeiten.
Bei Gegenüberstellung der individuellen Verhaltensweisen war auffallend, dass die Tiere besondere Vorlieben und Charakterzüge zu haben schienen. Nach Auswertung der Habitatnutzung mittels des electivity-Index, welcher die Nutzung in Zusammenhang mit der Größe des Gebietes stellt, fiel auf, dass die Ponys vor allem die offenen Areale präferierten. Die Fichten- und Eichenforste wurden nur entsprechend der Verfügbarkeit genutzt und sogar teilweise gemieden. Zudem fiel eine Kopplung bestimmter Verhaltensweisen an ausgesuchte Areale auf. So wurden die offenen Flächen eher zum Grasen und die Wälder eher zum Ruhen genutzt.
Bei abschließender Betrachtung des Sozialverhaltens fallen starke individuelle Unterschiede sowie eine Abhängigkeit des Sozialverhaltens von den Jahreszeiten auf. Im Frühling und im Winter wurde Sozialverhalten häufiger gezeigt als in den Herbstmonaten. Das vorgestellte Projekt kann ein guter Leitfaden für nachfolgende Projekte sein, welche eine Ganzjahresbeweidung in vorwiegend forstlich geprägten Bereichen anstreben. Erste Auswirkungen sind bereits abzusehen. So ist die Anwesenheit von Megaherbivoren beispielsweise förderlich für die großflächige Verjüngung von Eichen (Quercus robur und Q. petrea), da große Pflanzenfresser dazu tendieren, eher die jungen Pflanzen der Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica) zu verbeißen. Dieser Verbiss fand vor allem im Winter sowie im Frühjahr statt, wenn den Ponys keine alternativen Nahrungsmittel zur Verfügung standen.
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De, Marino Fernandes Larissa. "Nature-based tourist behavior and the conservation of natural resources : the case of Itacare in the Brazilian Atlantic forest." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4025/1/M12048.pdf.
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Le tourisme en milieu naturel connaît aujourd'hui une montée spectaculaire. Cela engendre une augmentation de la pression anthropique sur des écosystèmes fragiles. Le secteur du tourisme en milieu naturel a développé des stratégies pour gérer l'industrie du tourisme, les sites touristiques ainsi que les visiteurs. Cependant, on observe toujours des impacts écologiques négatifs causés par des comportements indésirables commis par les touristes lors d'activités et excursions touristiques. Ces impacts se produisent parce que le secteur du tourisme en milieu naturel possède peu de connaissances sur les comportements des touristes de nature. La majorité des études sur les comportements des touristes se concentrent sur la satisfaction du client et la commercialisation des destinations et peu sur la conservation des ressources naturelles des sites visités. Ce constat nous a menés à questionner la relation entre les comportements des touristes de nature et la conservation des ressources naturelles des sites visités. Par le biais d'une étude de cas conduite au village d'Itacaré, dans la forêt atlantique brésilienne, nous avons identifié deux grandes lignes pour répondre à notre questionnement : la relation que les touristes établissent avec les ressources naturelles des sites visités et la relation que les représentants du secteur du tourisme en milieux naturels établissent avec les ressources naturelles des sites où ils opèrent. Les touristes sont attirés par les milieux naturels pour vivre des expériences qui leur permettent de satisfaire leurs désirs personnels de divertissement. Certaines déficiences dans le degré d'encadrement peuvent aussi contribuer au manque de respect accordé à la conservation des environnements visités. Les visiteurs sont ainsi plus susceptibles de commettre des actions indésirables lors d'activités et excursions touristiques afin de satisfaire leurs désirs et leurs attentes. Afin de contrer et influencer les comportements des touristes de nature, le secteur du tourisme en milieu naturel doit établir une relation symbiotique entre le tourisme et l'environnement. Des activités et excursions touristiques orientées vers la communion entre les touristes et les ressources naturelles des sites visités doivent être favorisées pour que le tourisme en milieu naturel contribue au développement durable de la planète.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : tourisme, milieu naturel, tourisme de nature, comportement des touristes, conservation des ressources naturelles, impacts écologiques.
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Lei, Ssu-Kuang, and 雷嗣光. "An Assessment of Environmental Attitudes, Personal Responsibility, Locus of Control, Environmental Knowledge, and Environmental Behavior of 6th Graders towards Taiwan Black Bear and Forest Conservation in Hualien and Taitung of Taiwan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7rgzc4.
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Lin, Cheng, and 林震. "An Assessment of Environmental Attitudes, Personal Responsibility, Locus of Control, Environmental Knowledge, and Environmental Behavior of 6th Graders towards Taiwan Black Bear and Forests Conservation in Southern Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r62f2a.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
野生動物保育研究所
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The main purpose of the study was to assess environmental attitudes, personal responsibility, locus of control, environmental knowledge, and environmental behavior regarding conserving endangered Taiwan black bear （Ursus thibetanus formosanus） and forest of 6th graders in southern Taiwan. The author collected 669 copies of questionnaires, including 329 from aboriginal communities, 110 from rural areas and 230 from cities. In addition, the author chose another 306 copies from those who had participated in the "Taiwan Black Bear School Curing Course" for further analysis. Among the students of three areas, the findings showed that as the level of urbanization increased, environmental attitudes, personal responsibility, environmental knowledge toward bears and forests conservation tended to increase. On the other hand, teachers had stronger impacts on students in aboriginal communities than in rural areas and cities. However, there were no significant differences between areas in other three factors, i.e. locus of control, environmental behavior, and family influence. As for the regression model of predicting bear conservation-related and environmental behavior, it further showed that family influence, Environmental Attitudes and personal responsibility can significantly explain the variation. Our result revealed the importance of family education on cultivating environmental literacy of children. Moreover, we suggested further integrations of affective-domain teaching in school curriculums to enhance students’ environmental attitudes and personal responsibility.