Academic literature on the topic 'Forensic genetics – Technique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Forensic genetics – Technique"
Decorte, R., and J. J. Cassiman. "Forensic medicine and the polymerase chain reaction technique." Journal of Medical Genetics 30, no. 8 (August 1, 1993): 625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.30.8.625.
Full textGonzález-Jorge, Higinio, Iván Puente, Pablo Eguía, and Pedro Arias. "Single-Image Rectification Technique in Forensic Science." Journal of Forensic Sciences 58, no. 2 (February 20, 2013): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12068.
Full textIhms, Elihu C., and Dennis W. Brinkman. "Thermogravimetric Analysis as a Polymer Identification Technique in Forensic Applications." Journal of Forensic Sciences 49, no. 3 (2004): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs2003252.
Full textDecorte, R., and J. J. Cassiman. "Forensic medicine and the polymerase chain reaction technique." Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine 1, no. 1 (June 1994): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1353-1131(94)90066-3.
Full textHedman, Johannes, Yasmine Akel, Linda Jansson, Ronny Hedell, Nanny Wallmark, Christina Forsberg, and Ricky Ansell. "Enhanced forensic DNA recovery with appropriate swabs and optimized swabbing technique." Forensic Science International: Genetics 53 (July 2021): 102491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102491.
Full textBiwasaka, Hitoshi, Kiyoshi Saigusa, and Yasuhiro Aoki. "The Applicability of Holography in Forensic Identification: A Fusion of the Traditional Optical Technique and Digital Technique." Journal of Forensic Sciences 50, no. 2 (2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs2004333.
Full textMallett, Xanthé, and Martin P. Evison. "Forensic Facial Comparison: Issues of Admissibility in the Development of Novel Analytical Technique." Journal of Forensic Sciences 58, no. 4 (May 29, 2013): 859–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12127.
Full textHorton, Benjamin P., Steve Boreham, and Caroline Hillier. "The Development and Application of a Diatom-Based Quantitative Reconstruction Technique in Forensic Science." Journal of Forensic Sciences 51, no. 3 (May 2006): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00120.x.
Full textAcharya, Ashith B. "Forensic Dental Age Estimation by Measuring Root Dentin Translucency Area Using a New Digital Technique." Journal of Forensic Sciences 59, no. 3 (March 7, 2014): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12385.
Full textAndreola, Salvatore, Guendalina Gentile, Alessio Battistini, Cristina Cattaneo, and Riccardo Zoja. "Forensic Applications of Sodium Rhodizonate and Hydrochloric Acid: A New Histological Technique for Detection of Gunshot Residues." Journal of Forensic Sciences 56, no. 3 (February 3, 2011): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01689.x.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Forensic genetics – Technique"
Schlaphoff, Theresa Elizabeth-Anne. "A study to evaluate variable number of tandem repeat DNA polymorphisms in disputed paternity testing." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1465.
Full textThe use of genetic marker testing to resolve cases of disputed paternity, is well established. The number and range of systems used depends on the expertise of the laboratory, and for this reason various laboratories offer different systems. Standard testing includes tests in the following genetic marker systems: human leukocyte antigen (tissue) typing; red cell blood groups; and red cell enzyme and serum protein testing. The Provincial Laboratory for Tissue Immunology currently offers a range of 16 genetic marker systems capable of excluding >99% of falsely accused men. Following the discovery DNA polymorphisms, particularly VNTR DNA polymorphisms, and the commercial availability of VNTR DNA probes, PLTI decided to offer this service to our clients. This study was the initial phase in the establishment of a VNTR DNA typing laboratory and covered the determination of inter-and intra-gel accuracy and precision, selection of restriction enzyme/probe combination, and evaluation and comparison of the results of 100 disputed paternity cases tested using both standard and VNTR DNA typing. Of the 100 cases tested, in 33 cases, the putative father was excluded using standard testing. These exclusions were confirmed using VNTR DNA typing, and, furthermore, an additional two exclusions of paternity were shown using only VNTR DNA typing. In another two cases of disputed paternity, the exclusions obtained using standard tests required further confirmation. VNTR DNA typing convincingly excluded both falsely accused putative fathers. The VNTR DNA typing laboratory now functions as an integral part of the disputed paternity service. Due to the cost and time involved in VNTR DNA typing it is reserved at this stage for: those cases which require further confirmation of the results of standard testing; when the probability of paternity is low (<99.7%); or when a specific request is made.
Van, Winkle Carolyn. "Forensic DNA Extraction Strategies for PCR Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278269/.
Full textCounsil, Tyler I. "Real-time RNA-based amplification allows for sensitive forensic blood evidence analysis." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1391475.
Full textDepartment of Biology
Khoory, Haifa. "The feasibility of transferring cells from archived buccal swabs to FTA card for long term and simple storage of forensic samples." University of Western Australia. Centre for Forensic Science, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0088.
Full textTan, Angela Y. C. "The development of an efficient method of mitochondrial DNA analysis." Monash University, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9525.
Full textBeach, Lisa Renae. "Evaluation of storage conditions on DNA used for forensic STR analysis." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5676.
Full textShort tandem repeat (STR) analysis is currently the most common method for processing biological forensic evidence. STRs are highly polymorphic and allow for a strong statistical power of discrimination when comparing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples. Since sample testing and court proceedings occur months, if not years apart, samples must be stored appropriately in the event additional testing is needed. There are generally accepted methods to store DNA extracts long-term; however, one universally recognized method does not exist. The goal of this project was to examine various methods of storage and make recommendations for a universal storage method that maintained DNA integrity over time. Four variables were evaluated: storage buffer, storage temperature, initial storage concentration and the effects of repeated freeze-thaw cycles. DNA quantity was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and DNA quality was evaluated using STR genotyping. Overall, the Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer outperformed nuclease free water as a long-term storage buffer for DNA extracts. Stock tubes stabilized concentration better than single use aliquots when eluted with TE while tube type was not significant when water was the buffer. For samples stored in TE, temperature had no effect on DNA integrity over time, but samples stored in water were largely affected at room temperature. Additionally, the greater the initial DNA concentration, the less likely it was to degrade in water. As a result of this research, DNA extracts from forensic samples should be stored long-term in TE buffer with a minimum concentration of 0.1 ng/μL. When water is the buffer, frozen storage is recommended.
Counsil, Tyler I. "Microbial forensics and the use of RT-PCR and NASBA for human saliva evidence analysis." 2011. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1652228.
Full textCarter, Megan Elizabeth. "Blood on FTA™ Paper: Does Punch Location Affect the Quality of a Forensic DNA Profile?" 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3244.
Full textForensic DNA profiling is widely used as an identification tool for associating an individual with evidence of a crime. Analysis of a DNA sample involves observation of data in the form of an electropherogram, and subsequently annotating a DNA “profile” from an individual or from the evidence. The profile obtained from the evidence can be compared to reference profiles deposited in a national DNA database, which may include the potential contributor. Following a match, a random match probability is calculated to determine how common that genotype is in the population. This is the probability of obtaining that same DNA profile by sampling from a pool of unrelated individuals. Each state has adopted various laws requiring suspects and/or offenders to submit a DNA sample for the national database (such as California’s law that all who are arrested must provide a DNA sample). These profiles can then be associated with past unsolved crimes, and remain in the database to be searched in the event of future crimes. In the case of database samples, a physical sample of the offender’s DNA must be kept on file in the laboratory indefinitely so that in the event of a database hit, the sample is able to be retested. Current methods are to collect a buccal swab or blood sample, and store the DNA extracts under strict preservation conditions, i.e. cold storage, typically -20° C. With continually increasing number of samples submitted, a burden is placed on crime labs to store these DNA extracts. A solution was required to help control the costs of properly storing the samples. FTA™ paper was created to fulfill the need for inexpensive, low maintenance, long term storage of biological samples, which makes it ideal for use with convicted offender DNA samples. FTA™ paper is a commercially produced, chemically treated paper that allows DNA to be stored at room temperature for years with no costly storage facilities or conditions. Once a sample is required for DNA testing, a small disc is removed and is to be used directly in a PCR reaction. A high quality profile is important for comparing suspect profiles to unknown or database profiles. A single difference between a suspect and evidentiary sample can lead to exclusion. Unfortunately, the DNA profile results yielded from the direct addition have been unfavorable. Thus, most crime laboratories will extract the DNA from the disc, leading to additional time and cost to analyze a reference sample. Many of the profiles from the direct addition of an FTA™ disc result in poor quality profiles, likely due to an increase in PCR inhibitors and high concentrations of DNA. Currently, standardized protocols regarding the recommended locations for removal of a sample disc from a bloodspot on an FTA™ card does not exist. This study aims to validate the optimal location by comparing DNA profiles obtained from discs removed from the center, halfway, and edge locations of a bloodspot from 50 anonymous donors. Optimal punch location was first scored on the number of failed, partial or discordant profiles. Then, profile quality was determined based on peak characteristics of the resulting DNA profiles. The results for all three disc locations were 5.3% failed amplifications, 4.2% partial amplifications, and one case of a discordant profile. Profile quality for the majority of the samples showed a high incidence of stutter and the absence of non-template adenylation. Of the three disc locations, the edge of the blood stain was ideal, due to a presumably lower concentration of DNA and likely more dilute amount of the PCR inhibitor heme. Therefore, based on the results of this study, there is a greater probability of success using a sample from the edge of a blood stain spotted in FTA™ paper than any other location of the FTA™ card.
Gunawardane, Dalugama Mudiyanselage Don Dimuth Nilanga. "An assessment of the impact of environmental factors on the quality of post-mortem DNA profiling." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/51067.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medical Sciences, 2009
Dembinski, Gina. "Evaluation of the IrisPlex DNA-based eye color prediction tool in the United States." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4836.
Full textDNA phenotyping is a rapidly developing area of research in forensic biology. Externally visible characteristics (EVCs) can be determined based on genotype data, specifically from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNPs are chosen based on their association with genes related to the phenotypic expression of interest, with known examples in eye, hair, and skin color traits. DNA phenotyping has forensic importance when unknown biological samples at a crime scene do not result in a criminal database hit; a phenotype profile of the sample can therefore be used to develop investigational leads. IrisPlex, an eye color prediction assay, has previously shown high prediction rates for blue and brown eye color in a European population. The objective of this work was to evaluate its utility in a North American population. We evaluated the six SNPs included in the IrisPlex assay in an admixed population sample collected from a U.S.A. college campus. We used a quantitative method of eye color classification based on (RGB) color components of digital photographs of the eye taken from each study volunteer and placed in one of three eye color categories: brown, intermediate, and blue. Objective color classification was shown to correlate with basic human visual determination making it a feasible option for use in future prediction assay development. In the original IrisPlex study with the Dutch samples, they correct prediction rates achieved were 91.6% for blue eye color and 87.5% for brown eye color. No intermediate eyes were tested. Using these samples and various models, the maximum prediction accuracies of the IrisPlex system achieved was 93% and 33% correct brown and blue eye color predictions, respectively, and 11% for intermediate eye colors. The differences in prediction accuracies is attributed to the genetic differences in allele frequencies within the sample populations tested. Future developments should include incorporation of additional informative SNPs, specifically related to the intermediate eye color, and we recommend the use of a Bayesian approach as a prediction model as likelihood ratios can be determined for reporting purposes.
Books on the topic "Forensic genetics – Technique"
Genetic testimony: A guide to forensic DNA profiling. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.
Find full textSheng wu xue zheng ju yan jiu yu ying yong: Research and Application of Biological Evidence. Beijing Shi: Fa lü chu ban she, 2012.
Find full textBelair, Robert R. Forensic DNA analysis: Issues. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1991.
Find full textMazzotta, Guillermo Cejas. Identificación por ADN. 2nd ed. Mendoza: Ediciones Jurídicas Cuyo, 2000.
Find full textBrinkmann, B. DNA-Technologie in der medizinischen Kriminalistik. Lübeck: Schmidt-Römhild, 1997.
Find full textHammond, Holly A. Automated DNA typing: Method of the future? : a summary of a research study conducted. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Program, National Institute of Justice, 1997.
Find full textMeeting, Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Gen-Diagnostik. DNA-Polymorphism in forensic and medicine: 4th Annual Meeting 1988, Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Gen-Diagnostik e.V. Edited by Driesel Albert J, Henke J, and Kömpf J. Heidelberg: Hürtig Buch Verlag, 1990.
Find full textRudin, Norah. Forensic DNA analysis: Protocols in forensic science. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2002.
Find full textInternational Symposium on the Forensic Aspects of DNA Analysis (1989 Forensic Science Research and Training Center, FBI Academy). Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Forensic Aspects of DNA Analysis: June 19-23, 1989, Forensic Science Research and Training Center, FBI Academy, Quantico, Virginia. Washington, DC: The Division, 1989.
Find full textExpert Working Group on Human Factors in Latent Print Analysis. Latent print examination and human factors: Improving the practice through a systems approach : the report of the Expert Working Group on Human Factors in Latent Print Analysis. [Washington, D.C.]: NIST, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Forensic genetics – Technique"
Raghunath, Rajshree. "Research Trends in Forensic Sciences." In Advances in Standardization Research, 108–24. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3457-0.ch008.
Full textNichols, Richard A. "The Application of Molecular Genetic Techniques in Forensic Science." In Biotechnology, 649–57. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078432-32.
Full textAneja, Mannat Jot Singh, Tarunpreet Bhatia, Gaurav Sharma, and Gulshan Shrivastava. "Artificial Intelligence Based Intrusion Detection System to Detect Flooding Attack in VANETs." In Handbook of Research on Network Forensics and Analysis Techniques, 87–100. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4100-4.ch006.
Full text"Genes." In Examining the Causal Relationship Between Genes, Epigenetics, and Human Health, 205–35. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8066-9.ch010.
Full textT., Subbulakshmi. "Combating Cyber Security Breaches in Digital World Using Misuse Detection Methods." In Advances in Digital Crime, Forensics, and Cyber Terrorism, 85–92. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0193-0.ch006.
Full textSitaram Kadu, Sandeep. "DNA Finger-Printing: Current Scenario and Future." In Biological Anthropology - Applications and Case Studies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99305.
Full textParrington, John. "Life as a Machine." In Redesigning Life, 209–33. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198766834.003.0010.
Full text"which a social group or individual thinks is wrong. So the first port of call will be the courts, where we should be able to expect an independent judiciary. However, it is also true that sometimes actions and decisions are taken which, although in themselves not contentious, accumulate along with other legislation to create a highly questionable situation. Note here that the situation becomes questionable: an interpretation of the rules becomes possible which some would simply not agree with. For example, progressive attitudes towards free speech has resulted in the situation being taken advantage of by extreme groups for political ends. There are a number of very specific points which can be made about the use of DNA by society and more especially the construction and use of DNA databases. It is unlikely that anybody would really object to construction of anonymous databases so that we can produce a precise and reliable figure for the probability of finding a DNA profile in the general population by chance alone. What many people do have objections to is the construction of databases of named individuals. Strangely, it would seem that the country that has always been in the van of development of DNA technology is developing a rather poorer reputation for riding roughshod over the rights of its population, the UK. The problems and objections with databases of named individuals start with the practitioners and political will by successive governments. Luckily, there is an outspoken reaction to the UK government’s belief that all uses of DNA are good, but we should be aware that this is not so. Current thinking is that in the future it will be possible to determine facial shape, such as nose type and eye colour, with a simple test. This is put forward as a distinct possibility by the Forensic Science Service, with little regard to the extreme complexity of both the genetics and the environmental input into such things, not to mention plastic surgery. While it was always the belief that rapid turnaround of DNA results would be a good thing, this is only if the techniques are highly controlled. The idea that a hand held machine, as has been suggested, could be taken to a scene of crime and the DNA analysed in situ should fill any self-respecting scientist with horror. It has already been stated that there is a 40% chance of a stain found at a crime scene being linked to a name on the database of named individuals. As databases become larger as well as the number of individuals putting data on the database, so the likelihood of error increases; remember that error in this sense is quite likely to ruin a life. Names get onto databases for perfectly innocent reasons. Two of these are the husband or partner of a rape victim and, which is even more demeaning, the DNA profile of the victim herself. This was admitted in the House of Lords. So why is the British public so lacking in interest or apparently not in the least bit bothered by this staggering lack of feeling for the innocent? There is no mechanism for the removal of a DNA sample from the database after consent has been given. It is of interest here that both the police, forensic scientists and politicians are extremely reluctant to give a sample which can be held on the named database. Why is this? Fear? Fear of what may be done with such intimate information. This includes medical analysis and data which they have no right to access. It would be." In Genetics and DNA Technology: Legal Aspects, 109. Routledge-Cavendish, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843146995-17.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Forensic genetics – Technique"
Zhiming, Liu, Wang Cheng, and Li Jiang. "Solving Constrained Optimization via a Modified Genetic Particle Swarm Optimization." In 1st International ICST Conference on Forensic Applications and Techniques in Telecommunications, Information and Multimedia. ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/wkdd.2008.2663.
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