Academic literature on the topic 'Forensic dentistry'
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Journal articles on the topic "Forensic dentistry"
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Hag Ali, Sarah, Ademir Franco, Emilio Nuzzolese, and Scheila Mânica. "Teaching of Forensic Dentistry in Khartoum, Sudan." Oral 4, no. 1 (February 4, 2024): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oral4010008.
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Background: Dental professionals assist with legal and criminal matters through the practice of forensic dentistry which has evolved over the past century and is now a crucial component of undergraduate dental education in many nations. The need for formal training in the subject and its inclusion in dental curricula were acknowledged and addressed in the 1960s and 1970s. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the teaching of forensic dentistry in dental universities of Khartoum, Sudan, and to propose certain topics and teaching criteria to be standardized in forensic dentistry teaching in Sudan. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive study was conducted, involving all undergraduate dental institutions in Khartoum, Sudan. Institutional websites were searched using the Google search engine to obtain the dental program curricula in English. The curricula were then analyzed to identify the presence of forensic odontology/dentistry teaching. Results: Of the 19 universities included in the study, five (26.3%) teach forensic dentistry in their undergraduate curricula, whereas 12 (63.1%) do not. Two universities (10.6%) indicated the presence of forensic dentistry teaching in their curricula but did not provide actual instruction. The teaching of forensic dentistry mainly occurred during the second, third, and fourth years of the dental program. Three universities considered it an independent subject, while two universities incorporated it into oral and maxillofacial pathology. Four universities provided lectures only, while one university combined lectures and practical sessions. Qualified forensic dentists taught the subject in four universities, while one university had general dentists as instructors. The main topics delivered are: (1) introduction to forensics, (2) human identification, (3) dental age estimation, (4) interpretation of bitemarks, (5) DNA in forensics, and (6) child abuse. Conclusion: Forensic dentistry training is currently undervalued in Sudan due to various limitations. It is recommended that all dental schools in Sudan offer opportunities for students to learn and become acquainted with forensic dentistry as part of their dental programs. The Sudanese Dental Council should establish formal coordination with academic institutions and experienced forensic dentists to ensure the quality and relevance of the proposed modular course within the educational system. Finally, additional topics including dental record-keeping and dental malpractice are suggested for inclusion in the current modules.
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Silva, Cosmo Helder Ferreira da, Antonio Celino Holanda Jardim Junior, and Luiz Filipe Barbosa Martins. "A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ODONTOLEGISTA E DOCUMENTAÇÃO ODONTOLÓGICA PARA RESOLUÇÕES PERICIAIS JURÍDICAS E FORENSE." Revista Expressão Católica Saúde 4, no. 1 (May 28, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25191/recs.v4i1.2230.
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A odontologia legal é uma especialidade imprescindível para soluções de casos jurídicos por negligência ou imprudência no ramo da odontologia, em processos éticos e pode estar relacionada a atuação da busca pela identidade biológica, como identificação de corpos não identificados com auxílio de documentos odontológicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer, através de revisão da literatura, a atuação do cirurgião-dentista especialista em Odontologia Legal dentro de sua capacidade na identificação humana e utilização da documentação odontológica, bem como negligência na publicidade e exposição inadequada de paciente. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura artigos científicos dos últimos 10 anos. Sobre a odontologia legal e documentação odontológica, foi observado que a atuação do dentista elevou os conhecimentos específicos da equipe, melhorando o desdobramento dos casos, e toda documentação de origem odontológica foi muito importante para chegar a conclusões e definições de laudos periciais, possibilitando que a corpos não identificados fosse dado, então, sua real identidade e processos jurídicos fossem esclarecidos. Conclui-se que a atuação da odontologia legal dá um acréscimo bastante expressivo nos resultados dos quais participam, e toda equipe de forense deveria contar com um dentista para alavancar seus conhecimentos e dar mais resultados na busca pela verdade e identidade de cadáver.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FORENSIC ODONTOLOGISTS AND DENTAL RECORDS TO FORENSIC AND LEGAL RESOLUTIONS
ABSTRACT
Forensic Dentistry is an important dental science to legal investigations of negligence or recklessness cases in ethical processes and can be related to the search for biological identity, such as identification of unidentified bodies with the aid of dental records. This paper aimed to understand, through literature review, the performance of dental surgeons in Forensic Dentistry in terms of her/his capacity for human identification and use of dental records, as well as negligence in the publicity and inadequate exposition of the patient. It is a literature review of scientific papers from the last 10 years. It was used the database LILACS SciELO, by means of the descriptors “Forensic Dentistry; Forensic Anthropology; Legal liability”. Concerning Forensic Dentistry and dental records, it was observed that the dentist’s performance increased the dental team’s specific knowledge, improving the development of cases and all documentation of odontological origin was important to achieve conclusions and definitions of legal reporting, making possible that unidentified bodies have their real identity and legal processes would be resolved. It is concluded that forensic dentistry gives an improvement in the results of the cases that they enroll, and all the forensic team should have one forensic dentist to raise their knowledge and give more results in the search for the truth and body identity.
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ASHIRTH B ACHARYA. "The Armchair Forensic Odontologist: A Clear and Present Danger to the Speciality in India." International Journal of Forensic Odontology 8, no. 1 (April 4, 2023): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56501/intjforensicodontol.v8i1.786.
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The dentist who lacks exposure in handling and solving real-life forensic odontology cases but speaks on the subject as an expert in the field is an ‘Armchair Forensic Odontologist’. Such dentists may have relatively good theoretical knowledge of forensic dentistry but lack real-world case exposure. Since such dentists have not actually handled a single police case, it precludes them from being a specialist in the field. Consequently, they can severely undermine case analysis and training in forensic odontology. To mitigate the problem, the Dental KM minimum requirements for institutions organising courses in forensic odontology. Institutions imparting programmes in forensic dentistry must also ensure they have a tie up with law enforcement for a steady flow of cases and employ only certified and experienced specialists and trainers. Prospective students must be vigilant and do appropriate homework on what the better institutions are, and who the experienced forensic odontologists are to study under
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Simon, Botond. "Az igazságügyi fogorvosszakértés múltja, jelene és jövője." Kaleidoscope history 10, no. 21 (2020): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17107/kh.2020.21.156-164.
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Forensic dentistry dates back more than 200 years. Yet Oscar Amoedo, a Cuban-born dentist, is considered the father of forensic dentistry. He emphasized the dentists’ role in humans’ identification and laid down the general principles of dental identification in his dissertation in 1989. Dental experts must have interdisciplinary knowledge to do his or her job. From the teeth development through the type of materials of various restorations and the appearance of specific diseases, he/she has to consider the entire oral cavity. As it happens today, for the last 60-70 years too, the victim’s dentist testified the positive match by the dental identification. Nowadays, there are available plaster models, paper or digital based patient records, x-rays to support forensic dentistry. In the future, digital technology will make identification even faster and more accurate, and based on the patients’ 3D digital models, CBCT images, or palate samples, artificial intelligence (AI) guided computers will be making identifications even without any human assistance.
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Kurniawan, Arofi, An’nisaa Chusida, Lyvia Vanessa Satigi, Ajeng Dyah Romadhoni, Muhammad Raihan Liandro, Mieke Sylvia Margaretha, Haryono Utomo, Maria Istiqomah Marini, Beta Novia Rizky, and Beshlina Fitri Widayanti Roosyanto Prakoeswa. "Dentist’s Role and Responsible in Identification and Investigation." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 4, no. 2 (November 28, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v4i2.2021.36-40.
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Background: A dentist is responsible for promoting oral health and disease prevention to make the world a better place in terms of oral health. Besides, the dentist also plays an important role in the forensic field and law enforcement. Forensic odontology is an area of dentistry that deals with the proper management and investigation of dental evidence, which aids in identifying people and the presentation of dental evidence in the interest of justice. Purpose: This article discussed the role and responsibilities of dentists in human identification. Review: The world continues to deteriorate as time passes with much criminality and disasters that cannot be prevented. In many cases, the identification process can be done through the unique characteristics of dentition. Various information such as age, sex, and ethnicity are recorded in the tooth. Forensic dentists are responsible to manage and evaluate tooth evidence. Conclusion: Forensic odontology plays an essential role in determining individual identity. The unique features of dentition provide accurate results in identification if all procedures are correctly employed. With the advancement of science and technology, dentistry may now assist in the identification and investigation of forensic cases.
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Al-Dulaimy, Roweda, Harth Rashidi, Rania Alghurary, Rukaya Alsaraf, Ban Alfarag, and Muhanad L. Alshami. "Knowledge, practice, and attitude evaluation of forensic dentistry among Iraqi dentists: Questionnaire-based study." Medical Journal of Babylon 20, no. 4 (2023): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/mjbl.mjbl_162_23.
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Abstract Background: Forensic dentistry is a branch of forensic science that deals with the examination, analysis, and interpretation of dental evidence in legal investigations. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, practice, and attitudes of Iraqi dentists toward forensic dentistry. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was designed with four sections and distributed to dentists. The four sections were demographic, knowledge (assessed the dentists’ knowledge and consisted of 14 questions), practice (evaluated the dentists’ practices and consisted of six questions), and attitude (consisted of two questions to assess the dentists’ attitudes). For the knowledge, practice, and attitude sections, the answers were either “yes” (correct), “no,” or “I don’t know” (incorrect). The correct answer frequencies were calculated, and the mean scores of responses were compared among the different variables. Results: A total of 414 dentists responded, including 196 male dentists and 218 female dentists. The mean age of the responders was 32.57 years, and the responders were divided according to age into: 304 (≤40 years), and 110 dentists (˃40 years), according to qualifications into: 168 (postgraduate) and 246 (graduate), and according to experience years: 228 (≤10 years) and 186 (˃10 years). The questions related to using teeth as indicators of age received the highest number of correct answers, whereas the use of palatal rugae and lips in forensic dentistry received the lowest scores. Conclusion: Iraq dentists had limited knowledge, practice, and attitude about forensic dentistry. Therefore, it is important for undergraduate and postgraduate programs, as well as official training courses, to focus more attention on forensic dentistry.
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Sarwono, Aditya P. "Peran Prostodonsia dalam Identifikasi Manusia: Aspek Terlupakan dalam Odontologi Forensik." e-GiGi 12, no. 2 (November 4, 2023): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/eg.v12i2.50758.
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Abstract: Human identification continues to pose a significant challenge, with thousands of individuals or corpses remaining unidentified each year, as reported by the National Missing and Unidentified Person System (NamUs). Forensic odontology becomes exceptionally crucial when visual/facial identification and fingerprinting fail, such as in disasters or decomposed remains. By leveraging the expertise of dentists, forensic odontology makes a valuable contribution to the legal system. High-quality dental records are paramount for human identification. Forensic dentistry provides scientific data for legal proceedings. The robust structure of teeth and resilient restorative materials are pivotal in the identification process. Prosthodontics, especially for denture wearers, plays a significant role, with equipment like denture labeling gaining popularity. Specialization in prosthodontics is vital for understanding dental materials, labeling techniques, palatal rugae patterns, bite marks, and lip prints. Application of effective methods in forensic odontology is of paramount importance in identifying individuals. Remarkably, prosthetics in the field of forensic dentistry remains relatively unexplored and often overlooked, even in Indonesia, despite its significant potential in the realm of forensics. In conclusion, forensic identification using prosthodontic tools such as labeling or marking on dentures can provide crucial identification clues. Dental marking techniques namely surface modification techniques and inclusion techniques, have their respective advantages and disadvantages. Keyword: human identification; forensic odontology; denture; identification methods Abstrak: Identifikasi manusia tetap menjadi tantangan signifikan, dengan ribuan individu atau jenazah yang tidak teridentifikasi setiap tahunnya, seperti yang dilaporkan oleh National Missing and Unidentified Person System (NamUs). Odontologi forensik menjadi sangat penting ketika identifikasi visual/wajah dan sidik jari gagal, seperti pada bencana atau jenazah yang terurai. Dengan memanfaatkan keahlian dokter gigi, odontologi forensik memberikan kontribusi pada sistem hukum. Catatan gigi berkualitas tinggi sangat penting untuk identifikasi manusia. Odontologi forensik menyediakan data ilmiah untuk proses hukum. Struktur gigi yang kuat dan bahan restoratif yang tahan terhadap kerusakan menjadi kunci dalam identifikasi. Prostodonti, khususnya bagi pemakai gigi palsu, memainkan peran yang signifikan, dengan peralatan seperti label gigi palsu semakin populer. Spesialisasi dalam bidang prostodontik sangat penting dalam memahami bahan gigi, teknik penandaan, pola rugae palatal, bekas gigitan, dan bekas bibir. Menerapkan metode-metode yang efektif dalam odontologi forensik sangat penting untuk mengidentifikasi individu. Secara mencolok, prostetik dalam ranah odontologi forensik tetap relatif belum tersentuh, sering kali terabaikan di Indonesia meskipun memiliki potensi signifikan dalam dunia forensik. Simpulan studi ini ialah identifikasi forensik dengan menggunakan peralatan prostodontik seperti pelabelan atau pemberian tanda pada gigi tiruan dapat memberikan petunjuk identifikasi penting. Teknik penandaan gigi yaitu surface modification technique dan inclusion technique dengan keunggulan dan kekurangan masing-masing. Kata kunci: identifikasi manusia; odontologi forensik; gigi palsu; metode identifikasi
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Arora, Sheen, Aman Arora, Nitika Gupta, and Aditi Goyal. "Widening The Horizon of Forensic Dentistry." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 04, no. 01 (April 2016): 065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672048.
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AbstractDenture labelling is not a new concept in either prosthetic or forensic dentistry and its routine practice has been urged by forensic dentists internationally for many years. Prosthodontists are playing very important role in forensic dentistry as they are concerned with fabrication of various prosthesis which can serve as an important tool for identification. The main objective of this article is to discuss the various methods available for denture marking along with three case reports.
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Jakush, Judy. "Forensic Dentistry." Journal of the American Dental Association 119, no. 3 (September 1989): 355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1989.0055.
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Shapiro, Sheldon D. "Forensic Dentistry." Journal of the American Dental Association 119, no. 5 (November 1989): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8177(89)95002-2.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Forensic dentistry"
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Kowalski, Michael. "Radiology in forensic dentistry." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4678.
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Marques, Jeidson Antônio Morais [UNESP]. "Prevalência de lesões causadas por mordidas humanas e desenvolvimento de técnica para análise de mordidas na pele em investigações criminais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104207.
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marques_jam_dr_araca.pdf: 1077734 bytes, checksum: 69d5bccdcab64aafc3425a46d3b31a1d (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP)
Um dos mais intrigantes, complexos e controversos desafios da Odontologia Legal é o reconhecimento, registro e análise de marcas de mordidas na pele. Este estudo teve como objetivos: abordar os aspectos relevantes sobre a importância do estudo das marcas de mordidas; produzir informações sobre a ocorrência de casos registrados no Instituto Médico Legal da cidade de Araçatuba-SP, nos últimos cinco anos, envolvendo lesões ocasionadas por mordidas humanas; avaliar comparativamente quatro materiais de moldagem para estudo de marcas de mordidas na pele e testar a aplicabilidade da técnica proposta, por meio de um caso simulado. Foram analisadas 7.550 ocorrências policiais do período de 2001 a 2005. Verificou-se: idade das vítimas, parentesco com o agressor e ocorrência de lesões produzidas por mordidas humanas, bem como, o local mais acometido por tal ferimento. Nas etapas laboratoriais foram utilizados cinco suínos abatidos, com idade média de oito semanas e pesando cerca de seis quilos. Eles foram divididos ao meio e, em seguida, entre dez voluntários foi feito um sorteio sendo que quatro sorteados morderam cada uma das partes, sem conhecimento do pesquisador. A análise das mordidas foi feita de acordo com as normas da ABFO. Foram utilizados os materiais de moldagem: Alginato, Poliéter, Silicone de Condensação e Silicone de Adição. Durante o estudo de caso, a partir dos modelos de gesso e das partes mordidas, foi feita a identificação dos agentes das mordidas, utilizando a técnica da Análise Métrica, e, como controle, a técnica de sobreposições de imagens com uso do Software Adobe Photoshop 7.0. Foram encontrados quarenta e dois casos envolvendo, dentre outros tipos de lesões, as marcas de mordidas. O total de lesões encontradas foi de cinqüenta e seis mordidas: trinta e três pessoas foram vítimas (31 do sexo feminino e 11 do sexo masculino) e oito foram os autores das agressões (todos homens).
One of the most intriguing, complex and controversial challenges of the Legal Odontology is the recognition, registers and analysis of bite mark. This study objectives was: observe the relevant aspects about bite marks analyses importance, using a literature review; demonstrate the prevalence of bite marks in domestic violence crimes involving physical aggression with were collected data in the Police Station of the Woman's Defense in Araçatuba (São Paulo/Brazil); evaluate comparatively four impressions materials for bite marks analysis on skin and test the proposed technique applicability, with a simulated case. 7.550 occurrences policemen of the period from 2001 to 2005 were analyzed. It was verified: the victims' age, relationship with the aggressor and occurrence of lesions produced for bitten human, as well as, the place more attacked by such wound. In the laboratorial phase, it was used five pigs, with eight weeks ages. They were cute, soon afterwards, among ten volunteers it was made a draw and four raffled they bit each one of the parts, without the researcher's knowledge. The analysis of the bites was made in agreement with the norms of ABFO. The molding materials were used: Alginate, Poliéter, Condensation Silicon and Addition Silicon. During the case study, starting from the models of plaster and of the bitten foods, it was made the agents' of the bites identification, using the technique of the Metric Analysis, and, as control, the technique to put upon of images with use of the Software Adobe Photoshop 7.0. They were found forty two cases involving, among other types of lesions, the marks of bitten. The total of found lesions was of fifty six bitten: thirty three people were victims (31 female and 11 male) and eight were the authors of the aggressions (all men).
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Ramenzoni, Liza Lima. "Analise das bandas de Hunter-Schreger como novo metodo biometrico de identificação humana." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290030.
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Orientador: Sergio Roberto Peres LineDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O esmalte dental é caracterizado por camadas de prismas em direções alternadas regularmente. Estas camadas sucessivas formam as Bandas de Hunter-Schreger (HSB) que aparecem como faixas claras e escuras quando vistas sob forte iluminação lateral. Neste presente trabalho avaliamos a singularidade das HSB em dentes humanos como um método biométrico para identificação pessoal, já que as diferenças no padrão das HSB em dentes ainda não foi estudada. A amostra foi composta de 274 incisivos inferiores. Os procedimentos seguintes foram executados: os dentes foram fotografados em uma lupa esteroscópica e fibra óptica acopladas. O contraste das imagens após digitalização, foi aumentado utilizando Corel Photo Paint 9® e então as mesmas imagens foram analisadas em software de identificação automatizado de base biométrica (Verifinger 4.2 SDK / Fingersec®). O software gerou uma lista de comparações de dados biométricos com uma medida de semelhança (comparações entre ¿minutias¿). As medidas de similaridade do banco de dados foram comparadas em uma matriz de semelhança. Analisamos também a variação das espessuras médias das Bandas desde que este parâmetro é muito variável e pode ser usado para confirmar a identificação. Os resultados demonstraram que o padrão de HSB é altamente variável e único para cada dente analisado. HSB não puderam ser observadas em 4,5% dos dentes examinados. Dentes sem HSB não foram incluídos no banco de dados. Dentes com 0 ou 1 minutias totalizaram 3,3% da amostra. Nestes casos, a distinção pode ser feita através de comparação visual simples. Assim, as medidas biométricas das HSB provaram ser um método com alta potencialidade para identificação pessoal, desde que o tecido do esmalte resiste condições ambientais extremas e as imagens são obtidas facilmente. Estas características fazem das HSB um modelo potencialmente útil para análise forense utilizando medidas físicas ou biológicas pessoais, dando uma descrição correta do indivíduo
Abstract: Dental enamel is characterized by layers of prisms with regularly alternating directions. These successive layers form Hunter-Schreger Bands (HSB) that appear as dark and light bands when viewed under strong illumination. In the present study, we evaluate the HSB singularity in human teeth as a biometric-based method for personal identification since differences in HSB patterns have never been studied. The sample was composed of 274 lower incisors. The following procedures were performed: the teeth were photographed at low magnification, the contrast of the captured images was increased using Corel Photo Paint 9® and then analyzed in automated biometrics-based identification software (Verifinger Demo 4.2 SDK / Fingersec®). The software generated a list of biometric data comparisons with a similarity measure (minutiae matching). The storage of database comparisons could be represented with a similarity matrix. We also analyzed the thickness of the bands since this parameter is very variable and could be used for the identification. The results demonstrated that the pattern of HSB is highly variable and unique for each tooth. HSB bands could not be observed in 4.5 % of the teeth examined. Teeth without HSB could not be included in the database. Teeth having 0 or 1 minutiae comprised 3.3% of our sample. In these cases, the inspection was simply done by visual comparison. Thus, the biometric measurements of HSB proved to be a valuable method for personal identification, since enamel can resist extreme environmental conditions and the images could be easily obtained. These characteristics make HSB a potentially useful model for personal physical or biological measurements to give a correct description of an individual
Mestrado
Histologia e Embriologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Machado, Marcelo Afonso 1978. "Estimativa de idade através de medidas em dentes e ossos do carpo : precisão de uma amostra do sudeste brasileiro." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290735.
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Orientador: Eduardo Daruge JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Introdução: As radiografias carpais e panorâmicas de crianças e adolescentes são importantes em identificação humana por serem simples de obter e por conterem quantidade significativa de estruturas que trazem informações relevantes sobre o desenvolvimento corporal. Muitas vezes é necessário estimar a idade pelo envolvimento dessas crianças em procedimentos cíveis e criminais. Várias técnicas existentes usam as informações destas radiografias mas, nem todas foram testadas em brasileiros. Objetivo: Este trabalho procurou validar em uma população brasileira três métodos que estimam a idade de crianças e adolescentes a partir de medidas nos dentes permanentes em desenvolvimento e nos ossos da região do carpo e compará-las. Material e método: Esse estudo usou radiografias de 234 crianças e adolescentes (126 meninas e 108 meninos) para validar o método numa população brasileira. Os dados obtidos a partir das radiografias foram inseridos nas fórmulas propostas e comparados com a idade conhecida de cada sujeito da pesquisa. A precisão dos métodos em estimar a idade foi analisada através do teste de regressão linear estatística (ANOVA). Resultados: A partir da comparação entre as três técnicas estudadas, foi encontrado um erro médio para a técnica da região dos dentes (RD) de -0,21 anos, sendo -0,14 anos para meninas e -0,28 anos para os meninos havendo tendência, então, de subestimar a idade. Para a técnica da região do carpo (RC) o erro médio encontrado foi 1,61 anos, sendo 1,89 anos para meninas e 1,29 anos para os meninos, superestimando a idade. Quando foram utilizadas informações dos ossos do carpo e dos dentes (RCD) simultaneamente, o erro médio encontrado foi 0,39 anos, sendo 0,54 anos para meninas e 0,21 anos para meninos, havendo uma tendência a superestimar a idade cronológica das crianças. Conclusão: As técnicas RD e RCD possuem boa acurácia para estimativa da idade numa população do sudeste do Brasil. O método mais preciso foi o RD, seguido pelo RCD e pelo RC
Abstract: Introduction: Hand-wrist and panoramic radiographs of children and adolescents are important in human identification because they are easily obtained and contain a significant amount of structures that provide important information about the body¿s development. It is often necessary to estimate the age of children involved in civil and criminal proceedings. Many methods use the information in these radiographs, but not all of them have been tested in Brazilians. Objective: This study attempted to validate, in a Brazilian population sample, three methods that estimate the ages of children and adolescents using measurements of developing permanent teeth and wrist bones, and to compare the methods. Materials and methods: This study used the radiographs of 234 children and adolescents (126 girls and 108 boys) to validate the methods in a Brazilian population sample. Age was estimated using radiographic data and the pertinent formulas, and compared with the known chronological age of each study subject. The methods¿ accuracy for estimating age was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean error for the tooth region method (TR) was -0.21 years, -0.14 for girls and -0.28 for boys; therefore, this method underestimated chronological age. The mean error for the hand-wrist region method (HWR) was 1.61 years, 1.89 for girls and 1.29 for boys; hence, this method overestimated chronological age. When the two methods were used simultaneously (HWTR), the mean error was 0.39 years, 0.54 for girls and 0.21 for boys; thus, both methods combined overestimated chronological age. Conclusion: The TR and HWTR methods can estimate the chronological age of a population sample from Southeast Brazil with good accuracy. The most accurate method was TR, followed by HWTR and HWR
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Machado, Marcos Paulo Salles 1974. "Análise retrospectiva dos exames realizados no serviço de antropologia forense do Instituto Médico Legal Afrânio Peixoto, Rio de Janeiro-Brasil = Retrospective analysis of the skills performed in the forensic anthropology service of the Afrânio Peixoto Medical Legal Institute, Rio de Janeiro-Brasil." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290733.
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Orientador: Eduardo Daruge JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a análise retrospectiva dos casos investigados nos dois primeiros anos de funcionamento do Serviço de Antropologia Forense (SAFO) do Rio de Janeiro. Foram recebidas 66 requisições de exames expedidas por autoridades policiais ou judiciárias e cada requisição deu origem a um laudo. Seis requisições continham ossos de origem não humana, três representavam materiais sem interesse forense, enquanto uma outra requisição solicitava exame complementar. As demais 56 requisições continham ossos de 74 diferentes indivíduos, pois nove requisições encaminhavam ossos de mais de uma pessoa. Cinco das 74 ossadas não deram entrada no laboratório do SAFO por terem sido identificados pelo Serviço de Odontologia Forense ou pelo Setor de Necropapiloscopia. Logo, 69 ossadas foram periciadas e o resultados desses exames compõe o presente estudo. Dentre as 56 requisições, 47 (83%) eram constituídas de remanescentes de um único indivíduo, enquanto 9 (17%) traziam ossos de mais de uma pessoa. Menos de 18,8% das 69 ossadas tiveram mais de 95% dos ossos do corpo recuperados, enquanto que apenas 10,14% das 47 ossadas encontradas completamente esqueletizadas tiveram mais de 50% dos seus ossos recuperados. O perfil biológico resultante dos exames das ossadas revelou que a amostra era predominantemente constituída por homens (80%), caucasoides (32%), adultos-jovens entre 21-50 anos (54%) constituindo o grupo de risco. O trauma mais frequentemente observado foi o contundente, correspondendo a 33,3% dos casos, seguido do perfurocontundente, observado em 31,4%. A região mais atingida foi a crânio-cervical, atingida em 42% dos traumas. A relação mais alta observada entre um tipo de trauma e uma região específica do corpo foi a ação perfurocontundente incidindo sobre a região crânio-cervical, correspondendo à 27,3%. 52,1% das ações perfurocontundentes foram observadas na região crânio-cervical. Por fim, a analise dos locais de encontro de ossadas evidenciou um grande número de encontro reduzido a poucas áreas da cidade, revelando que existe concentração da violência
Abstract: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the cases investigated in the first two years of the Forensic Anthropology Service (SAFO) of Rio de Janeiro. Over these two years the laboratory received 66 examination requisitions requested by police or judicial authorities and each of these requests has resulted in a report. Six corresponded to non-human material, other 3 represented material without forensic implications and another one corresponded to a complementary examination requisition. The remaining 56 requisitions comprised a total of 74 different individuals, once there were 9 cases with bones of more than one person. Five out of 74 skeletal remains did not enter the SAFO laboratory because they had been positively identified by the Forensic Dentistry Office or through Necropapiloscopy. Therefore 69 skeletal remains were examined and the resulting data compose the present study. Out of 56 requisitions, 47 (83%) presented skeletal remains of single individuals; whereas the other 9 (17%) conteined bones of more than one individual. Less than 18.8% of 69 skeletal remains recovered comprised more than 95% of body bones, wile only 10.14% of the 47 fully skeletonized remains had more than half of the bones recovered. The biological profile established after skeletal remains were investigated showed that the sample was made up mainly of male subjects (80%), caucasian (32%), young-adults ranging from ages 21-50 (54%), considered as the risk group. Injuries most frequently observed were blunt trauma (33.3%), followed by gunshot (31.4%). The most susceptible body regions were the head and neck, affected in 42% of cases. The highest correlation between type of trauma to a specific body part was observed with gunshot injuries to the head-neck region, corresponding to 27.3% of the cases. Gunshot trauma represented 52.1% of injuries found on the head and neck. Analysis of the places where the remains were recovered reveled a great number of cases restricted to a few areas of the city, which shows the violence is concentrated in these localities
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Blenkin, Matthew R. B. "Forensic Dentistry And Its Application In Age Estimation From The Teeth Using A Modified Demirjian System." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5036.
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Barros, Franciéllen de. "Mensuração da espessura de tecidos moles da face de indivíduos brasileiros adultos /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154031.
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Orientador: Clemente Maia da Silva FernandesResumo: A Reconstrução Facial Forense (RFF) é uma técnica das Ciências Forenses que possibilita o reconhecimento de um indivíduo, a partir da modelagem dos contornos dos tecidos faciais sobre um crânio encontrado sem identificação. Para isto é necessário ter o conhecimento da espessura dos tecidos moles faciais (ETMFs) que recobrem os pontos craniométricos no crânio subjacente, pois os mesmos são utilizados como base para a obtenção do contorno facial. Fatores como sexo, ancestralidade, idade, e índice de massa corporal (IMC) influenciam tais espessuras. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar ETMFs de sujeitos brasileiros adultos vivos, a partir de imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), considerando-se as variáveis sexo, cor de pele, idade e índice de massa corporal. Foram efetuadas mensurações de 21 pontos craniométricos de referência através do uso do software Osirix Lite. Um total de 92 imagens foram analisadas (62 de sujeitos do sexo feminino e 30 do sexo masculino). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os homens, na maioria das vezes, apresentaram espessuras de tecidos moles faciais maiores do que as mulheres. Em relação às outras variáveis, houve interação com o sexo a cor de pele nos pontos glabela, nasion, infradentale, eminência frontal, supraorbital e linha oclusal, mas nos pontos eminência mentoniana e suborbital a significância foi correspondente à cor da pele. O IMC não evidenciou interação com o sexo, porém, nos pontos filtro médio e supradentale, os... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Forensic Facial Reconstruction (FFR) is a Forensic Science technique that enables the recognition of an individual, from modeling the contours of facial tissues on a skull found without identification. For this, it is necessary to know the thickness of the facial soft tissue that covers the craniometric points in the underlying skull, since they are used as the basis for obtaining the facial contour. Factors such as sex, ancestry, age, and body mass index (BMI) influence such thicknesses. The objective of this study was to measure the facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) of living adult Brazilian subjects using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, considering the variables sex, skin color, age and body mass index. Twenty-one reference craniometric points were measured using the Osirix Lite software. A total of 92 images were analyzed (62 females and 30 males). The results showed that men, for the most part, had greater facial soft tissue thicknesses than women. In relation to the other variables, there was interaction with the skin color at the glabella, nasion, infradentale, frontal eminence, supraorbital and occlusal lines, but at the eminence points of the chin and suborbital the significance was corresponding to the color of the skin. The BMI did not show interaction with the sex, however, in the medium and supradentale filter points, the men presented higher values of thickness, independently of the BMI. At the remaining points, only BMI influenced the thickness o... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Sweet Justice." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2681.
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Santos, Leonardo Soriano de Mello 1976. "Viabilidade da utilização de amostras biologicas obtidas de dentes humanos para obtenção de perfis geneticos de DNA." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290762.
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Orientadores: Eduardo Daruge Junior, Darcy de Oliveira ToselloDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Alguns fatores relacionados ao estado e lugares que dentes humanos se encontram, nos que diz respeito a estes enquanto amostras com finalidade forense, ainda constituem desafio ao que tange o uso dos mesmos como material para obtenção de perfis genéticos de DNA. Este estudo visou comparar a extração de DNA feita a partir de dentes humanos com a extração por meios de amostras de sangue fixadas em papel FTA® utilizadas como grupo controle, de maneira a comparar os alelos mapeados e definir se os dentes constituem nestas circunstâncias, fonte viável de amostras para obtenção de perfis genéticos, comparando os protocolos. Dezoito participantes foram abordados e, aceitaram participar da pesquisa por meio de TCLE's, doaram voluntariamente amostras de sangue e os elementos dentários terceiros molares superiores direitos, estes indicados para exodontia por outros profissionais. Verificou-se que os dentes humanos constituíram fontes viáveis de acordo com a análise estatística realizada (Teste de Poisson), onde p<0,0001, entretanto quando comparado com o protocolo de extração de material genético através do sangue, deixa de ser viável devido ao número de passos necessários para a obtenção dos resultados. Ainda, 78,125% dos alelos possíveis de serem mapeados, o foram com sucesso
Abstract: Several factors related to how and where human teeth are found in forensic cases still a challenge to obtain genetic DNA profiles, as using theses elements as source for genetic material. This study aimed to compare the DNA extraction done through blood stains in FTA® paper cards, used as control group, and compare the mapped alleles from these to ones extracted from human teeth samples, as the simplicity of theses protocols when in comparison. Eighteen participants were convinced to join this study. Blood samples and superior right third molars (element 18) were donated. As result, teeth provided good sources of biologic sampling to obtain genetic profiles when analyzed by Poisson statistic analysis (p<0,0001), however, when compared to genetic material extraction protocol by blood, teeth analysis is no longer viable due to extensive laboratorial steps in order to gain the same results. Also 78,125% of the possible locci to be mapped and amplified were indeed
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Tinoco, Rachel Lima Ribeiro. "Antropologia dental = traços não-métricos de uma amostra brasileira." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290758.
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Orientador: Eduardo Daruge JúniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Os traços não-métricos na morfologia dental, por sua excelente preservação, e variação inter-populacional livre de pressão seletiva, são reconhecidamente um dos principais focos de observação para os pesquisadores que analisam variação humana e sua relação com o histórico biológico das populações. Considerando sua utilização em contexto forense, o conhecimento das características morfológicas do arco dental da população local permite utilizar estes traços como critério adicional para identificação humana individual com fins periciais. Objetivo: O presente estudo propôs uma análise antropológica da morfologia dental de brasileiros, do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre 18 e 30 anos, observando a prevalência de alguns traços antropológicos não-métricos encontrados no arco dental de brasileiros, sua relação com os índices levantados por outros pesquisadores, em amostras de diferentes populações, e seu valor pericial como critério adicional na identificação humana. Metodologia: Foram analisados modelos em gesso de 130 indivíduos (59 homens e 71 mulheres), com os seguintes critérios de inclusão: naturalidade brasileira, com ascendentes brasileiros até segundo grau; presença de, no mínimo, dois elementos dentais hígidos, dentre os dentes-alvo; e ausência de relação de consanguinidade com outros participantes. Foi avaliada a presença de seis traços antropológicos, com frequências étnico-geográficas anteriormente publicadas por outros autores, sendo eles: incisivo em forma de pá, tubérculo de Carabelli, quinta cúspide (tubérculo distal acessório), ausência de cúspide disto-palatina, sexta cúspide (tuberculum sextum), e ausência de cúspide disto-vestibular (molar inferior tetra-cuspidado). Resultados: As frequências obtidas de todos os traços avaliados destoaram das frequências anteriormente apresentadas como referentes aos grupos ameríndio ou sulamericano. A amostra analisada possui pouca semelhança com o chamado complexo dental americano, e nítida influência dos complexos caucasóide e subsaariano, o que está de acordo com os acontecimentos históricos locais
Abstract: The non-metric traits in tooth morphology, for their excellent preservation, and inter-population variation, immune from selection pressure, are known to be one of the major sources of observation for researchers who analyze human variation and its relationship to the populations' biological history. In a forensic context, the knowledge of the local morphological characteristics allows its use as additional criterion for human identification purposes. Objective: This study has proposed an anthropological analysis of tooth morphology of Brazilian individuals from Rio de Janeiro, between 18 and 30 years, listing the prevalence of some anthropological non-metric traits, their relationship with frequencies found by other researchers, in different populations, and its value as additional criterion for in human identification. Methodology: The dental casts of 130 individuals (59 males and 71 females) were examined, with the following inclusion criteria: Brazilian naturality, with Brazilian ascendency until second degree, presence of at least two of the target-teeth healthy, and absence of blood relationship with other participants. We evaluated the presence of six non-metric dental traits with populational frequencies previously published by other authors, as follows: shoveling, Carabelli's cusp, cusp 5 (distal accessory tubercle), hypocone absence, cusp 6, and hypoconid absence. Results: The frequencies of all the traits evaluated differ from frequencies previously presented for Amerindian and South American. The sample has little resemblance to the so called american dental complex, and strong influence of the African Sub-Sahara and European patterns, which is in agreement with local historical events
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
Books on the topic "Forensic dentistry"
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Senn, David R. Forensic dentistry. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2010.
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G, Stimson Paul, and Mertz Curtis A, eds. Forensic dentistry. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1997.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1.
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Rötzscher, Klaus, ed. Forensic and Legal Dentistry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01330-5.
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H, Fixott Richard, ed. Forensic odontology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 2001.
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Whittaker, D. K. A colour atlas of forensic dentistry. England: Wolfe Medical Publications, 1989.
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Whittaker, D. K. A Colour atlas of forensic dentistry. London, Eng: Wolfe, 1989.
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National, Symposium on Dentistry's Role and Responsiblity in Mass Disaster Identification (1st 1986 Chicago Ill ). Proceedings: First National Symposium on Dentistry's Role and Responsiblity in Mass Disaster Identification. Chicago: American Dental Association, Council on Dental Practice, 1988.
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American Society of Forensic Odontology. Manual of forensic odontology. 4th ed. [Austin, TX]: American Society of Forensic Odontology, 2007.
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L, Bell Gary, Bowers C. Michael, and American Society of Forensic Odontology., eds. Manual of forensic odontology. 3rd ed. Saratoga Springs, N.Y: American Society of Forensic Odontology, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Forensic dentistry"
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Forensic Orodental Radiology." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 119–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_11.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Forensic Odontology Report." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 201–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_22.
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Vermylen, Yvo. "Liability in Dentistry: Belgium." In Forensic and Legal Dentistry, 23–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01330-5_5.
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Lain, Russell, and Jane Taylor. "Legal Medicine and Dentistry." In Legal and Forensic Medicine, 45–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32338-6_74.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Denture Marking: Forensic Odontology Aspects." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 127–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_12.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Advanced Technologies in Forensic Odontology." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 141–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_14.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "DNA Technology and Forensic Odontology." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 163–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_17.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Cheiloscopy in Identification: Forensic Odontology." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 109–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_9.
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Rötzscher, Klaus. "History of Forensic and Legal Dentistry." In Forensic and Legal Dentistry, 3–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01330-5_1.
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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Forensic Odontology: History, Scope, and Limitations." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 1–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Forensic dentistry"
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Adrianto, Angger Waspodo Dias, Bambang Tri Hartomo, Nurtami Soedarsono, and Elza Ibrahim Auerkari. "DNA adducts, genotoxicity mechanism of alkyl compounds in association with forensic dentistry." In THE 4TH BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING’S RECENT PROGRESS IN BIOMATERIALS, DRUGS DEVELOPMENT, HEALTH, AND MEDICAL DEVICES: Proceedings of the International Symposium of Biomedical Engineering (ISBE) 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5139339.
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Mohite, Sonali, and Bhavana Narain. "Bitemark Evidence in Forensic dentistry for Human Identification using deep learning technique." In Proceedings of The International Conference on Emerging Trends in Artificial Intelligence and Smart Systems, THEETAS 2022, 16-17 April 2022, Jabalpur, India. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.16-4-2022.2318166.
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Alkhafaij, Mahdi abdulkhudur, A. Sahib Oleiwi, Rabei Raad Ali, Eyhab Ali, Muntather Almusawi, and Mustafa Al-Tahee. "Symbiotic Organism Search Optimization with Deep Learning based Bite Mark Identification in Forensic Dentistry." In 2023 6th International Conference on Engineering Technology and its Applications (IICETA). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiceta57613.2023.10351436.
Full textReports on the topic "Forensic dentistry"
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Jarron, Matthew, Amy R. Cameron, and James Gemmill. Dundee Discoveries Past and Present. University of Dundee, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001182.
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A series of self-guided walking tours through pioneering scientific research in medicine, biology, forensics, nursing and dentistry from the past to the present. Dundee is now celebrated internationally for its pioneering work in medical sciences, in particular the University of Dundee’s ground-breaking research into cancer, diabetes, drug development and surgical techniques. But the city has many more amazing stories of innovation and discovery in medicine and biology, past and present, and the three walking tours presented here will introduce you to some of the most extraordinary. Basic information about each topic is presented on this map, but you will find more in-depth information, images and videos on the accompanying website at uod.ac.uk/DundeeDiscoveriesMap For younger explorers, we have also included a Scavenger Hunt – look out for the cancer cell symbols on the map and see if you can find the various features listed along the way!