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Journal articles on the topic 'Foreign influences'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

JACOBS, LAWRENCE R., and BENJAMIN I. PAGE. "Who Influences U.S. Foreign Policy?" American Political Science Review 99, no. 1 (February 2005): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000305540505152x.

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Research in international relations has identified a variety of actors who appear to influence U.S. foreign policy, including experts and “epistemic communities,” organized interests (especially business and labor), and ordinary citizens or “public opinion.” This research, however, has often focused on a single factor at a time, rather than systematically testing the relative importance of alternative possible influences. Using extensive survey data gathered over three decades we conduct a comparative test, attempting to account for the expressed foreign policy preferences of policy makers by means of the preferences of the general public and those of several distinct sets of elites. The results of cross-sectional and time-lagged analyses suggest that U.S. foreign policy is most heavily and consistently influenced by internationally oriented business leaders, followed by experts (who, however, may themselves be influenced by business). Labor appears to have significant but smaller impacts. The general public seems to have considerably less effect, except under particular conditions. These results generally hold over several different analytical models (including two-observation time series) and different clusters of issues (economic, military, and diplomatic), with some variations across different institutional settings (the U.S. House, Senate, and executive branch).

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2

Wake, Bronwyn. "Local or foreign influences." Nature Climate Change 5, no. 2 (January 28, 2015): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2522.

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3

Novais, Rui Alexandre. "National Influences in Foreign News." International Communication Gazette 69, no. 6 (December 2007): 553–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048507082842.

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4

Takim, Liyakatali. "Foreign Influences on American Shi'ism." Muslim World 90, no. 3-4 (September 2000): 459–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.2000.tb03700.x.

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5

Platas-García, Alejandra, Verónica Reyes-Meza, and J. Martín Castro-Manzano. "Jokes in Italian as a foreign language: comprehension, funniness, and sharing." European Journal of Humour Research 10, no. 4 (January 9, 2023): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ejhr.2022.10.4.658.

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This paper analyses whether the comprehension of a joke in Italian as a foreign language is influenced by personal or task elements, whether comprehension influences the perception of funniness, and whether perceived funniness affects intention to share the jokes. A quantitative cross-sectional study was performed. Participants were all native Spanish speakers from Mexico who also read Italian as a foreign language. There were 61 participants, aged 19-64 years (Mage = 26.3; SD = 9.4), comprising 42 females and 19 males. Comprehension was measured using a multiple-choice test. Funniness was measured by a perception scale and sharing was measured by determining intention to share. The objectives were fourfold: to identify whether factors related to the test-taker (gender, occupation, and age) influenced comprehension; to investigate whether factors related to the test task (level of language, reading support, and prior knowledge) influenced comprehension; to explore if comprehension influenced the perception of funniness; and to determine whether funniness influenced the intention to share. To statistically evaluate these question, four generalized linear models were constructed (one corresponding to each objective). The results indicated that: (i) the test-taker’s occupation affects comprehension (p = 0.0499); (ii) the interaction of all of the test-task factors influences comprehension (p = 0.03087); (iii) comprehension affects funniness (p <0.001); and (iv) perceived funniness influences sharing (p <0.001). Finally, a discussion of these results is presented.

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6

Saile, Katharina, Rafael Munz, and Verena Hüttl-Maack. "How providing public COVID-19 mitigation instructions in a foreign language can increase people’s sense of control." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 23, 2022): e0277366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277366.

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Processing information in a learned foreign language can alter one’s judgment or cognitive evaluation of stimuli. Documented consequences include a reduction in perceived negativity and perceived severity of crime or diseases. The global COVID-19 pandemic has offered a unique opportunity to investigate this phenomenon in a real-life public health communication context. The aim of this study is to investigate how foreign language processing influences people’s reaction towards freedom-restrictive messages. In our experimental study (N = 605), we presented participants with pandemic mitigation instructions in their native language versus a learned foreign language and assessed their perceived sense of control, cognitive evaluation of the instructions, and the intention to adhere to them. The results indicated that the use of a foreign language influenced people’s perceived sense of control in a way that might intuitively be surprising: foreign language enhanced sense of control. This positively influenced the cognitive evaluation of the instructions’ effectiveness and the intention to comply with them. The present research demonstrates that foreign language processing influences individuals’ responses to specific, real-life instructions. Our results provide important contributions to the literature on foreign language effects and public communication and enable practitioners to more accurately predict recipient responses to global crisis communications.

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7

Goraieb, Marcelo Ribeiro, Maurício Reinert do Nascimento, and Fabiane Cortez Verdu. "Cultural Influences on Foreign Direct Investment." Internext 14, no. 2 (March 29, 2019): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.18568/internext.v14i2.458.

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8

Marklund, Anders. "Foreign Influences on Nordic (Noir) Borderlands." European Journal of Scandinavian Studies 49, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 178–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ejss-2019-0011.

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Abstract This article analyses the three recent Nordic Noir television series Bordertown (Sorjonen) from Finland, Trapped (Ófærð), from Iceland, and the Danish-Swedish The Bridge (Broen/Bron). All series are located on national borderlands, and this article aims to discern the significance of using such borderland settings. Departing from Doreen Massey’s emphasis on places as being inherently inter-linked with other places, the article characterises the various ways foreign influences are represented and narrativised in these three series.

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9

Dalmia, Taru, and David M. Malone. "Historical Influences on India's Foreign Policy." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 67, no. 4 (December 2012): 1029–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070201206700410.

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10

WESTPHAL, LARRY E., YUNG W. RHEE, and GARRY PURSELL. "FOREIGN INFLUENCES ON KOREAN INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 41, no. 4 (May 1, 2009): 359–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1979.mp41004008.x.

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11

Han, Han, Jane Liu, Huiling Yuan, Tijian Wang, Bingliang Zhuang, and Xun Zhang. "Foreign influences on tropospheric ozone over East Asia through global atmospheric transport." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 19 (October 8, 2019): 12495–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12495-2019.

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Abstract. Tropospheric ozone in East Asia is influenced by the transport of ozone from foreign regions around the world. However, the magnitudes and variations in such influences remain unclear. This study was performed to investigate the influences using a global chemical transport model, GEOS-Chem, through the tagged ozone and emission perturbation simulations. The results show that foreign ozone is transported to East Asia (20–60∘ N, 95–150∘ E) mainly through the middle and upper troposphere. In East Asia, the influence of foreign ozone increases rapidly with altitude. In the middle and upper troposphere, the regional mean concentrations of foreign ozone range from 32 to 65 ppbv, being 0.8–4.8 times higher than its native counterpart (11–18 ppbv). Annually, ∼60 % of foreign ozone in the East Asian middle and upper troposphere comes from North America (5–13 ppbv) and Europe (5–7 ppbv), as well as from foreign oceanic regions (9–21 ppbv). Over the East Asian tropospheric columns, foreign ozone appears most in spring when ozone concentrations in the foreign regions are high and the westerlies are strong and least in summer when the South Asian High blocks eastward foreign ozone from reaching East Asia south of 35∘ N. At the East Asian surface, the annual mean of foreign ozone concentrations is ∼22.2 ppbv, which is comparable to its native counterpart of ∼20.4 ppbv. In the meantime, the annual mean of anthropogenic ozone concentrations from foreign regions is ∼4.7 ppbv, half of which comes from North America (1.3 ppbv) and Europe (1.0 ppbv). Seasonally, foreign ozone concentrations at the East Asian surface are highest in winter (27.1 ppbv) and lowest in summer (16.5 ppbv). This strong seasonality is largely modulated by the East Asian monsoon (EAM) via its influence on vertical motion. The large-scale subsidence prevailing during the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) favours the downdraft of foreign ozone to the surface, while widespread convection in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) blocks such transport. Interannually, the variation in foreign ozone at the East Asian surface is found to be closely related to the intensity of the EAM. Specifically, the stronger the EAWM is in a winter, the more ozone from North America and Europe reaches the East Asian surface because of the stronger subsidence behind the East Asian trough. In summer, ozone from South and South-east Asia is reduced in strong EASM years due to weakened south-westerly monsoon winds. This study suggests substantial foreign influences on ozone at the East Asian surface and in its tropospheric columns. It also underscores the importance of the EAM in the seasonal and interannual variations in foreign influences on surface ozone in East Asia.

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12

Vološin, J., L. Smutka, and R. Selby. "Analysis of external and internal influences on CR agrarian foreign trade." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 57, No. 9 (September 27, 2011): 422–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/137/2010-agricecon.

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The agrarian sector has a non-substitutable position in most world economics – including the CR. From the viewpoint of functioning of own agrarian trade it can be stated that the CR is roughly self-sufficient by 70–80% in products of a competitive nature. In case of products of a non-competitive nature, the CR shows almost zero self-sufficiency. It means that agrarian foreign trade occupies a non-substitutable position in the CR economy (at least from the export point of view). In the light of our own trade flows, the CR performs as an active exporter and importer (about 100 billion and 130 billion CZK respectively, in 2009). However, together with the still growing needs of the national economy and the inhabitants’ requirements for a varied composition of agri‑food products, the CR does not succeed in the long term to decrease the negative balance of the agrarian foreign trade. It is, however, indisputable that if a serious discussion should be held about the competitiveness of Czech agriculture in confrontation with foreign producers or suppliers of agricultural and food products, the priority task to reach a balanced agrarian foreign trade balance can be accepted only for the competitive products segment. The complexity of a greater participation of the basic Czech agricultural and food products on the EU unified market deepens simultaneously with the acceleration of the liberalisation process on this market. The gradual process of the world agrarian market liberalisation then means that the cost and price relationships are determined by such world producers as are able to offer agrarian products for the most advantageous prices, or offer goods of exceptional quality, with a high added value, brand products, national specialties and so on. Potentially, the space for improvement of the active balance of agrarian foreign trade (AFT) is given to us in much the same way as to our competitors, but actually, our possibilities are limited. The stagnation or even growth of the negative AFT balance was, and is influenced by non-substitutable imports of non-competitive food raw materials and foodstuff products and many other raw materials required by the non-agricultural sectors of the national economy.

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13

Lindsay, James M., and Randall B. Ripley. "How Congress Influences Foreign and Defense Policy." Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 47, no. 6 (March 1994): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3824424.

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14

Jr., James R. Hines. "Dividends and Profits: Some Unsubtle Foreign Influences." Journal of Finance 51, no. 2 (June 1996): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2329375.

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15

Sheehan, Richard G. "U. S. Influences on Foreign Monetary Policy." Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 24, no. 4 (November 1992): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1992804.

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16

Zandstra, J., C. Hiemstra, AH Petersen, J. Zuidema, MM van Beuge, S. Rodriguez, AAR Lathuile, et al. "Microsphere size influences the foreign body reaction." European Cells and Materials 28 (October 28, 2014): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v028a23.

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17

HINES, JAMES R. "Dividends and Profits: Some Unsubtle Foreign Influences." Journal of Finance 51, no. 2 (June 1996): 661–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1996.tb02698.x.

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18

Baldwin, John R., and Beiling Yan. "Domestic and foreign influences on Canadian prices." International Review of Economics & Finance 17, no. 4 (October 2008): 546–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2007.04.001.

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19

Pinheiro-Alves, Ricardo. "Behavioural influences in Portuguese foreign direct investment." Journal of Socio-Economics 40, no. 4 (August 2011): 394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.002.

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20

Lubis, Syaravina. "National Interest and National Identity Affect The Behaviour Of Foreign Policy." Mahadi: Indonesia Journal of Law 2, no. 2 (August 28, 2023): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/mah.v2i2.13363.

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There was a time when national identity influenced foreign policy, as in China, which has its Buddhist impermanence derived from its cultural identity. It has the identity of, and is derived from Japan's experience of the war in its own country. National interests on foreign policy actions are stronger than that of national identity. It targets countries without strong national identity clout, such as Western European countries such as Germany, and other countries such as the United States and Indonesia. The existence of strong national identities therefore only reinforces the influence of national interests influencing foreign policy, as has happened in China and Japan. Indonesia has Pancasila as its national identity. It has influenced its foreign policy by recognizing external threats. Moreover, Pancasila's national identity influences Indonesia's interior rather than its foreign policy. During the New Order era, China was known to be a communist threat to Indonesia, and Indonesia cut ties with China. In Europe and the United States, where societies have become multicultural societies, national interests influence foreign policy more than national identity. We should have more influence on our foreign policy to unite our national interests and multicultural societies.

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21

Sokolova, M., and E. Plisov. "CROSS-LINGUISTIC TRANSFER CLASSROOM L3 ACQUISITION IN UNIVERSITY SETTING." Vestnik of Minin University 7, no. 1 (March 17, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2019-7-1-6.

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Introduction: the paper investigates cross-linguistic influences between the two previously learnt languages and their effects on classroom L3 acquisition. The study checks the predictions of the existing theories of mechanisms of transfer into the L3 attested for naturalistic learners. The main predictions get confirmed with the population of classroom learners of English as the L3. All the participants are native speakers of Russian. They all learnt their dominant foreign language, either French or German, in the classroom. The results suggest a governing role of the Universal Grammar in classroom language learning. Materials and Methods: the experiment uses three production tasks: written production, oral production and pronunciation task. The written assignment asks the participants to translate sentences from Russian into English. The target sentence contains the existential there are that does not exist in Russian. The way the participants structure the target sentence in English allows for conclusion about possible influences of the first foreign language on the development of their L3- English. In the oral production task, the participants are prompted to produce negative sentences. The influences from previously learnt languages is traced through the placement of the negation not. In the pronunciation task Praat was used to measure the duration and the formant frequency of the nasal [N] in English. Differences in sound quality trace back to the influences from the previously learnt languages. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA for between and within group differences. Results: in the written task, the participants who studied German as their first foreign language prefer verb final placement in the subordinate, which is ungrammatical in English but grammatical in German. The L2-French group put the verb in the right place, but they do not use the existential there are, which required in English. In the oral task, the placement of negation is Russian-like in both groups. In pronunciation, the quality of English [N] is influenced by the amount of nasality the participants learnt before, i.e. French influences make the English [N] more nasalized than the [N] in the group with German as the first foreign language. Discussion and Conclusion: classroom learners of English as the L3 experience influences from all the previously learnt languages, the native language and the first foreign language. These findings pattern with the assumptions of the main generative theories of naturalistic L3 acquisition. Concluding that classroom language learning is governed by universal grammar, the teaching can benefit from predicting what cross-linguistic influences can be facilitative or not for the acquisition of the target language.

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22

Ha, Seung Hee, and JaeHong Park. "Empirical Study About ODA Effects on Job Creation." Journal of Korea Trade 26, no. 6 (October 31, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2022.26.6.1.

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Purpose – This study empirically investigates the effects of Official Development Assistance (ODA) on the economic activities of private actors in recipient countries. As a proxy for the economic activities of private actors, we utilize the job creation activities of foreign subsidiaries in recipient countries. The foreign subsidiaries provide a foundation for economic development by creating paying jobs. That is, if ODA has been successfully transferred to foreign subsidiaries, then these foreign subsidiaries should help economic growth and help create a boom in the local market by providing jobs. These jobs eventually lead to the achievement of the primary aims of foreign aid, including poverty reduction. Thus, this study empirically examines the relationship between ODA and the number of jobs created by foreign subsidiaries in recipient countries. Design/methodology – This is the first study to examine the effects of the ODA on the job creation of foreign subsidiaries because it has been hard to obtain internal information related to the employment status of foreign subsidiaries. Fortunately, we have a unique panel dataset provided by the Export- Import Bank of Korea (KEXIM) for 2006 to 2013. In terms of the empirical specification, we use the generalized least squares (GLS) method. The panel GLS estimator allows us to have an efficient estimation that overcomes the limitations of the panel data. It employs assumptions about the heteroscedasticity between the panels and makes an autocorrelation of the error term within each panel. Findings – We find that ODA influences job creation in foreign subsidiaries. In particular, we found that ODA creates more jobs in sales than in managerial or production positions. This study also shows that the effect of the ODA on the foreign subsidiaries’ job creation activities depend on the purpose of the ODA. By examining ODA effects on the foreign subsidiaries’ economic activities (e.g., job creation), this study fills a gap in the current literature. Originality/value – Existing studies that focus on the ODA effect have either a macroeconomic point or a microeconomic point of view. However, both approaches do not explain how well foreign aid has influenced private economic actors of recipient countries. In essence, previous researchers found it difficult to obtain the necessary data for internal employment status from foreign subsidiaries. However, thanks to the Korea Export-Import Bank, this study shows that ODA indeed influences the job creation activities of foreign subsidiaries even after controlling for other factors such as FDI, GDP growth rate, employment rate, household expenditure, mother firms’ share, etc. By doing so, we can examine how ODA influences the job creation of foreign subsidiaries, which might help economic development and reduce the amount of poverty in recipient countries.

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23

Tromblay, Darren E. "Congress and Counterintelligence: Legislative Vulnerability to Foreign Influences." International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 31, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850607.2018.1418549.

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24

Mervis, Jeffrey. "NIH reveals its formula for tracking foreign influences." Science 366, no. 6461 (October 3, 2019): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.366.6461.19.

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25

Kivimäki, Timo. "Myanmar’s Foreign Policy: Domestic Influences and International Implications." Journal of Peace Research 44, no. 1 (January 2007): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234330704400115.

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26

Heehs, Peter. "Foreign Influences on Bengali Revolutionary Terrorism 1902–1908." Modern Asian Studies 28, no. 3 (July 1994): 533–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00011859.

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Writing to John Morley, the Secretary of State for India, a few days after the first terrorist bomb was thrown by a Bengali, the Viceroy Lord Minto declared that the conspirators aimed ‘at the furtherance of murderous methods hitherto unknown in India which have been imported from the West, and which the imitative Bengali has childishly accepted’.This notion later was taken up and developed by Times correspondent Valentine Chirol, who wrote that Bengalis had ‘of all Indians been the most slavish imitators of the West, as represented, at any rate, by the Irish Fenian and the Russian anarchist’. Chirol went on to say that ‘European works on various periods of revolutionary history figure almost invariably amongst seizures of a far more compromising character whenever the Indian police raids some centre of Nationalist activity.’ This indicated that Bengali revolutionary terrorism was simply a takeoff on the European variety. The only indigenous element in it was the dangerous infusion of Hindu religious fanaticism.

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27

Haller, Walter. "The New Swiss Constitution: Foreign and International Influences." International Journal of Legal Information 30, no. 2 (2002): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500009902.

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The comparative analysis of diverse constitutional orders enables a more sophisticated evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of different models and solutions. Quite often it also serves practical objectives, providing the impulse for improving our own legal system by carefully adopting institutions and procedures that have proven themselves elsewhere. In the case of the Swiss Constitution, the influence of thoughts and concepts developed during the French Revolution and by the Founding Fathers of the U.S. Constitution is quite obvious. More recently, international influences are most apparent in the field of fundamental rights and freedoms.

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28

Bhardwaj, Arjun, Joerg Dietz, and Paul W. Beamish. "Host country cultural influences on foreign direct investment." Management International Review 47, no. 1 (February 2007): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11575-007-0003-7.

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29

Parry, Geraint. "The Interweaving of Foreign and Domestic Policy‐Making." Government and Opposition 28, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1993.tb01274.x.

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These Words Spoken By President Clinton At His Inauguration on 20 January 1993 can usefully serve as a leitmotif for the present issue of the journal Government and Opposition. The issue is itself the outcome of a conference organized by the journal and the Department of Government of the University of Manchester. The theme was the ‘Influences of Domestic and International Factors on Processes of Policy-Making’. However, this title does not quite catch the interactive quality of the phenomenon which the group was seeking to examine. Increasingly, it has been contended, policies at the domestic level whether in what we once called the first, second or third worlds are being profoundly influenced by international or ‘global’ considerations. But it is also the case that international agreements are being accommodated to the sensitivities of the domestic politics of the partners.

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30

Erianto, Erianto. "The Position Of Islam In Foreign Policy During President Joko Widodo's Government (2014-2019)." Vox Populi 2, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/vp.v2i2.12102.

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Indonesia is the 4th most largest population in the world, 87% of 260 million people in Indonesia is a Muslim. Indonesia is the country with the largest Muslim religion in the world, but Indonesia is not a Islamic State. Domestic political conditions influence on foreign policy. Indirectly, what happens in the country influences foreign policy issued. The author use a qualitative methodology to analyze the issue. So, the result of this research is to show the extent to which Islam influenced Indonesia's foreign policy,especially during the President Jokowi government. About how the style of President Jokowi's government in responding to domestic issues that attacked the government. This study also discusses how interest groups bring their interests to influence a policy that is produced.

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31

Li, Yicheng. "The Influences of Foreign Shareholdings on Chinas Financial Market." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 49, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/49/20230526.

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Chinas financial market is one of the largest in the world, with a vast scale and diverse range of financial instruments, including stocks, bonds, currencies, futures, and foreign exchange. Operating within a highly regulated environment, the Chinese financial market continues to advance market-oriented reforms and financial innovation, attracting the attentions of both domestic and international investors. Simultaneously, the Chinese financial market is closely interconnected with the international market, providing crucial support for Chinas economic development, but also facing numerous challenges. As the era progresses, in order to enhance the development level of Chinas financial market, it is necessary to invigorate national enterprises and promote foreign equity holdings. This article aims to explore the influences of foreign shareholding on the development of Chinas financial market from the perspectives of the history of foreign shareholding in China, the positive role it has played, the current issues surrounding foreign shareholding, and the future prospects and suggestions for its development.

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32

Stryzhychenko, Kostyantyn. "Adaptation of Ukrainian financial market to the foreign financial market." Corporate Ownership and Control 11, no. 4 (2014): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i4c7p12.

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In the current work we investigation depend of Ukrainian financial markets segments from influences of the external financial market. In the article we propose the methodology of the investigation which includes three main units. The main ideas of these units are recognition of the most influential external financial market by indicators set, forecasting of the tendencies and influences of the foreign financial markets segments, construction of adaptation decision for the regulation of the Ukrainian financial market. We used the VAR models and variance analysis for the determination of the influences foreign financial market. The investigation of MosPrime Index and DAX Index as most influential indicators of external market allowed to define the adaptation type of the stock and credit segments of the Ukrainian financial market.

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33

del Rocio Gaytan, Ines. "Architecture at Historic Centre of Zacatecas: Foreign Influences along the Porfiriato (1877-1911)." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2024): 836–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24111235236.

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34

Petrikova, Ivica. "Religion and foreign-policy views: Are religious people more altruistic and/or more militant?" International Political Science Review 40, no. 4 (June 6, 2018): 535–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512118756242.

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Religion shapes people’s identity and behaviour, and thus influences their foreign-policy views. Yet, existing research has thus far not explored this issue in depth or cross-nationally. This article contributes to filling this gap by examining the effects of religious belief, belonging, and behaviour on people’s foreign-policy views across a large sample of countries. Further, it investigates how these effects are influenced by religions’ social standing and countries’ income level. The study finds that religion significantly heightens followers’ militant internationalist views. Its effect on cooperative internationalist views is more ambiguous. Frequent religious attendance, self-identification as a religious person, and adherence to Islam tend to make people more altruistic in their foreign-policy views, while affiliation with Christianity and other religious faiths (Hinduism, Buddhism, etc.) may have the opposite effect. Overall, religion has a stronger effect on foreign-policy views among adherents to majority religions and in poorer countries.

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35

Kanet, Roger E., and Susanne M. Birgerson. "The Domestic-Foreign Policy Linkage in Russian Politics: Nationalist Influences on Russian Foreign Policy." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 30, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(97)00018-4.

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36

Jirjahn, Uwe. "Foreign ownership and centralized collective bargaining: Direct and indirect influences." Journal of Industrial Relations 64, no. 1 (December 17, 2021): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00221856211056091.

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Using firm-level data from Germany, this study examines the link between foreign ownership and the coverage by centralized (multi-employer) bargaining agreements. Conforming to theoretical considerations, the empirical analysis shows that it is important to distinguish between a direct and an indirect influence of foreign ownership on centralized collective bargaining. The direct influence of foreign ownership lowers the probability that a firm is covered by a centralized agreement. The indirect influence works through the unionization of the workforce. If the size of the firm does not exceed a critical level, the indirect influence counteracts the direct influence. Foreign ownership leads to a higher share of union members which, in turn, has a positive influence on the coverage by a centralized agreement. However, in very large firms the indirect influence appears to be negative. Foreign ownership is associated with a lower share of union members.

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Yolanda, Ledy, R. Arief Helmi, Rita Komaladewi, and Fachri Eka Saputra. "Etnosentrisme Konsumen, Kerentanan Pengaruh Normatif, Permusuhan Konsumen terhadap Kesediaan untuk Membeli." Journal of Management and Bussines (JOMB) 5, no. 1 (May 30, 2023): 424–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jomb.v5i1.4787.

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This study aims to examine the impact of consumer ethnocentrism, vulnerability to normative influence, and consumer hostility towards purchasing foreign products in Indonesia in the context of Indonesian franchised products. This research method is quantitative. Questionnaires are used to collect sample data. 350 questionnaires were distributed by direct delivery survey to targeted respondents, and 208 were returned for processing. The data analysis used is PLS 3.3.0. The results showed, a) consumer ethnocentrism towards consumer hostility has a value of t count > t table, namely 2.193 > 1.96; b) susceptibility to normative influences on consumer hostility has a value of t count > t table, namely 2.144 > 1.96; c) consumer ethnocentrism towards purchasing foreign products has a value of t count > t table, namely 6.858 > 1.96; d) susceptibility to normative influence on the purchase of foreign products has a value of t count < t table, namely 0.827 < 1.96; e) consumer hostility towards purchasing foreign products has a value of t count > t table, namely 3.524 > 1.96. In conclusion, a) consumer ethnocentrism has a positive relationship with consumer hostility; b) susceptibility to normative influence is positively related to consumer hostility; c) consumer ethnocentrism has a negative relationship with purchasing foreign products; d) vulnerability to normative influences is not related to the purchase of foreign products; e) consumer hostility is negatively related to the purchase of foreign products. Keywords: Consumer Ethnocentrism, Susceptibility to Normative Influences, Purchase of Foreign Products, Consumer Hostility

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Tesamaris, Andiarma, and Siti Fatimah Nurhayati. "ANALISIS KAUSALITAS ANTARA HUTANG LUAR NEGERI DENGAN DEFISIT ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA NEGARA INDONESIA TAHUN 1978 - 2003: PENDEKATAN ERROR CORRECTION MODEL (ECM)." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 6, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v6i2.3996.

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National development in Indonesia needs the big enough number of funds. Principally, there are two kinds of the fund sources, i.e. the domestic funds and foreign funds. In fact, the number of domestic funds is often far smaller than that is needed, so forcing to search for alternative fund sources, namely, foreign loan. Foreign loan risk is big enough. The inflow of foreign loan will increase money in circulation, so that it can trigger inflation. On the other hand, it is obligation to pay in installment of the principal loan and its interest, which annually always burdens the national budget so that it results in larger deficit. All make economic situation more difficult for the future. While from year to year, the fund need in a country is increasingly bigger. It is interesting to study how causality correlation pattern between foreign loan and budget deficit. The result of this research showed that there are two-way causality correlations, namely, foreign loan influences budget deficit and budget deficit influences foreign loan.

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Fitri, Elfira Roza, Enni Savitri, and Al Azhar L. "Influence of Foreign Ownership, Ownership Concentrated, and Environmental Disclosure to Firm Value." Indonesian Journal of Economics, Social, and Humanities 1, no. 2 (October 4, 2019): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ijesh.1.2.91-96.

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This study aims to examine the effect of foreign ownership on firm value, the influence of ownership concentrated on firm value, the influence of the environmental disclosure on firm value. The population used in this study is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2017. Samples were determined by using purposive sampling method and obtained sample of 13 companies with a total of 134 observations. Data analysis was done by multiple regression analysis using SPSS program. The results of the research indicate that: 1) foreign ownership influences on firm value, 2) ownership concentrated influences on firm value, 3) environmental disclosure influences on firm value.

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COSTANDACHE, Ana-Elena. "« Le goût des arts étrangers » et « les esprits nouveaux » dans la culture roumaine du XIXe siècle." Analele Universității „Dunărea de Jos” din Galați. Fascicula XX, Sociologie / The Annals of ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle XX, Sociology, no. 17 (November 23, 2022): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/socio/2022.09.

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At a time when European cultures, considered as elitist, “lived” their full development, the Romanian culture, more modest, tried to “find its way” according to foreign influences, according to political influences. Little by little new spirits began to make themselves known in the Romanian provinces and the arts from abroad proved to be the basis for the renewal of Romanian culture, which still kept the traditional native models and found it difficult to give up legacy of old values. The political, cultural and literary lives directly received European influences adapted to the Romanian realities which were at the beginning of their particular mutations. The literary creative act began to follow models and influences of the first rank, renowned at European level. In this context, our study is based on an analysis of the opinions and informed voices of the time, which declared themselves openly pro or against foreign influences.

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Al Muchith, Aim Matun Nihayati, and Nely Rahmawati Zaimah. "A Relevance of Learning a Foreign Language for an Early Age | Relevansi Pembelajaran Bahasa Asing untuk Anak Usia Dini." Mantiqu Tayr: Journal of Arabic Language 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25217/mantiqutayr.v3i1.3117.

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The process of learning a foreign language in early childhood greatly influences their psychological development. Because of that, teachers are expected to be able to provide variations in each foreign language learning. Interesting learning methods will make children feel happy and not pressured in the process of learning a foreign language.The background of this research is the suitability of foreign language learning in early childhood, due to the lack of adjustment between the roles of parents and teachers in the foreign language learning process.Therefore, researchers are interested in conducting research related to the relevance of foreign language learning. This study aims to determine the suitability of foreign language learning for early childhood.The type of research used is literature study, data collection techniques by examining books, journals, and articles related to the research topic.The result of this literature study is that learning foreign languages for early childhood is very relevant by using a variety of learning methods.In addition to learning methods, the role of teachers and parents also influences the process of learning foreign languages for children. Creating a happy learning atmosphere can also accelerate children's comprehension in learning foreign languages.In psychology, the human brain has been genetically prepared for language, its connection with the existence of foreign language learning for early childhood is to improve human language power as early as possible.

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Donnelly, Roisin. "Steps to Multinationality- Foreign Influences before Becoming an MNC." Academy of Management Proceedings 2019, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 16753. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2019.16753abstract.

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SHEVERUN, Nadiia, Nina NIKOLSKA, and Olha KOSITSKA. "Interlingual influences and foreign borrowings in English transport terminology." Проблеми гуманітарних наук. Серія Філологія, no. 50 (2022): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2522-4565.2022.50.25.

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Bent, Tessa. "Lexical influences on children's perception of foreign‐accented speech." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 128, no. 4 (October 2010): 2486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3508922.

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Wright, Margaret. "Influences on learner attitudes towards foreign language and culture." Educational Research 41, no. 2 (June 1999): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013188990410207.

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Lingling, Zhou, Gu Alun, Teng Fei, and He Jiankun. "Influences of Border Carbon Adjustments on China’s Foreign Trade." Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment 10, no. 2 (June 2012): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10042857.2012.10685081.

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Incera, Sara, Amee P. Shah, Conor T. McLennan, and Matthew T. Wetzel. "Sentence context influences the subjective perception of foreign accents." Acta Psychologica 172 (January 2017): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.11.011.

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Horváth, Emőke. "Foreign Relations between Hungary and Latin America in the Early Years of the Cold War (1947–1959)." East Central Europe 49, no. 1 (April 7, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763308-49010006.

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Abstract This article examines Hungarian foreign relations toward Latin America in the period between the end of World War ii and the victory of the Cuban Revolution and characterizes the problems raised by the general guidelines of Hungarian foreign policy toward the region. It seeks to answer the following questions: What political influences triggered Hungary’s turn toward Latin America? Is it possible to distinguish subperiods with independent characteristics within the analyzed period, and if so, what were the incentives of the subperiods? The article also analyzes the extent to which the fluctuations in Soviet–Latin American relations influenced the development of Hungarian trade and diplomatic relations, and how it reshaped Hungarian interest in the region.

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Chen, Taotao, Ronald W. McQuaid, and Maktoba Omar. "Foreign direct investment industry characteristics and spillovers." Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-02-2015-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a double mechanism model to separate two foreign direct investment (FDI) intra-industry spillovers mechanisms: spillovers by FDI intensity and by FDI efficiency. This paper seeks to illustrate the potential use of the double mechanism model rather than provide precise estimates of spillovers. The evidence on the links between technology and the nature, size and mechanisms of FDI spillovers effects in economically developing countries is mixed. Design/methodology/approach – A model is developed and tested, in principle. Empirical testing was conducted in two steps. In the first step, the authors examined the effect of each influencing factor to FDI spillovers separately. To complete this step, the authors divided the whole sample industry into sub-groups and tested them with the double-mechanism using ordinary least squares regression. This study applies Chinese National Bureau of Statistics manufacturing industry level data, for the years 2000, 2001 and 2002, including the food industry, beverage industry, textile industry, textiles and garments, chemicals and chemical products industry, overall manufacturing equipment, special equipment, computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries. Findings – The analysis suggests significant differences between types of spillovers: export orientation of domestic firms mainly influences FDI spillovers by intensity; the capability gap between local and foreign firms influences spillovers by efficiency; and the growth of local firms influences both types of spillovers. This paper develops existing models of FDI and suggests that disaggregating spillovers types may provide important theoretical and policy insights. Originality/value – This study has found, first, that compared with the classic single mechanism model, the double mechanism model is more appropriate for testing FDI intra-industry spillovers, as it is able to separate spillovers by intensity and spillovers by efficiency, which are shown as two distinct mechanisms for FDI spillovers. This allows a deeper analysis into each mechanism and the identification of relevant influencing factors.

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Collins, Todd, Kenneth A. Wink, James L. Guth, and C. Don Livingston. "THE CHURCH AND CONGRESS: RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY VOTING IN THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES." POLITICS AND RELIGION JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 345–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54561/prj0702345c.

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Recent literature in the religion and politics area has focused on the effect of various measures of religious affiliation on the political behavior of the mass public. Here we add to the evolving literature examining the influence of religious orientation on political elite behavior, focusing on the U.S. House of Representatives. Method. We use data on the religious affiliations of U.S. House members and National Journal scores of foreign policy voting to test the influence of religion on foreign policy ideology from 1998-2003. Our findings indicate that even after controlling for traditional political factors, religious identity influenced foreign policy voting in the House. African-American Protestants, Latter-day Saints (Mormons), and Evangelical Protestants present the most distinctive patterns. Conclusions. From this analysis we see further indications that religion influences legislative behavior in a way that, although intertwined with political partisanship, appears distinct from traditional political factors.

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