Academic literature on the topic 'Foreign credential recognition – Canada'

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Journal articles on the topic "Foreign credential recognition – Canada"

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Fulton, Amy E., Annie Pullen-Sansfaçon, Marion Brown, Stephanie Éthier, and John R. Graham. "Migrant Social Workers, Foreign Credential Recognition and Securing Employment in Canada." Canadian Social Work Review 33, no. 1 (July 26, 2016): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037090ar.

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Canada is a culturally diverse receiving country for transnational migration, and social workers are among the professional migrants who arrive in Canada each year. This article draws on findings from a four-year, grounded theory study on the professional adaptation processes and experiences of migrant social workers (n = 66) in the Canadian context. Study findings highlight a range of internal (personal) attributes and external (contextual) elements that interact to serve as either protective or vulnerabilizing factors during the pre-employment phase of professional adaptation. The focus of this article is to describe the interactions of protective and vulnerabilizing factors associated with the experience of obtaining recognition of foreign credentials and securing employment as a social worker in Canada. The findings demonstrate that migrant social workers in Canada face significant barriers in these two pre-employment phases of professional adaptation. A range of research and policy implications is identified. In particular, we highlight the disconnect that exists between Canada’s migration-friendly policies, and the lack of organizational and governmental supports and services to facilitate successful labour market integration of migrant social workers.
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Lordly, Daphne, Jennifer Guy, Paula Barry, and Jennifer Garus. "A Sustainable Dietetics Bridging Program: Development and Implementation in Atlantic Canada." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 75, no. 2 (July 2014): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/75.2.2014.95.

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A provincial focus on immigration and improved foreign credential recognition has led to an investigation of best practices and subsequent recommendations for the development and implementation of a sustainable university-based bridging program for internationally educated dietitians in Atlantic Canada. Data were collected from various sources and used to inform program decisions and direction. An advisory framework was established through a core group representing dietetics education and regulation and internationalization. Subsequently, a key stakeholder group was formed. As a result of this collaboration and research, a dietetics bridging framework was developed and a program pilot tested. Lessons learned may inform similar endeavours and highlight the importance of collaborative leadership and collaboration among multiple stakeholders, and of creatively addressing program sustainability issues while keeping learners (internationally educated dietitians) at the centre.
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Rivas‐Garrido, Camila, and Edward Anthony Koning. "“We don’t want to hear about discrimination”: Evidence slippage and evidence invention in the politics of foreign credential recognition in Canada." Canadian Public Administration 62, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 413–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/capa.12340.

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Donaghy, Greg. "Red China Blues: Paul Martin, Lester B. Pearson, and the China Conundrum, 1963-1967." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 20, no. 2-3 (2013): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-02003006.

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Like any number of American allies, Canada declined to recognize the revolutionary government of the People’s Republic of China, and helped exclude it from the United Nations in the 1950s. By the early 1960s, there were strong pressures for change. This article examines the efforts of Paul Martin, Sr., Canada’s foreign minister from 1963 to 1968, to respond to those pressures and modernize his country’s approach to the emerging Asian giant. After establishing Martin’s diplomatic credentials, the paper traces the evolution of his attitude toward Beijing during the 1950s as he accepted the logic and necessity of recognition. Opposed by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and many of his cabinet colleagues, who feared U.S. retaliation, Martin persisted in trying to win over their backing. Progress, when it finally came in 1966, was incremental and much too late, prompting critical attacks on the minister’s reputation and his “hush puppy style.”
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Zong, Li, and Yixi Lu. "Reconceptualization of “Brain Drain”." International Journal of Chinese Education 6, no. 2 (April 2, 2017): 288–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340084.

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AbstractTraditional approach to the issue of “brain drain” and “brain gain” focuses on outflow and inflow of migration of academics and professionals between countries of origins and destinations. It is suggested that, in the international labor market, the developing countries have experienced the problem of brain drain while the developed countries have benefited from brain gain in the process of globalization and international mobility of talent. From this perspective, “brain drain” or “brain gain” is primarily measured by the number of talented people who have “moved in” or “moved out” of a country, but not the extent to which the “brain” has been utilized. This study redefines the notion of “brain drain” by focusing on the actual utilization of professional talents. Previous research findings show that despite attractive Canadian immigration policy and the increasing number of professional immigrants, Canada as a developed country has the problem of “brain waste” due to its systemic barriers such as the devaluation of foreign credentials and non-recognition of foreign work experience for professional Chinese immigrants. At the same time, China as a developing country has benefited from contributions made by highly educated professionals/students returning to their home country through its attractive and rewarding opportunities for those who have attained knowledge and skills from overseas. China has become a model of “brain gain” for developing countries by implementing a series of open and favorable policies to attract top-notch overseas Chinese and foreign talents to help promote the economic development and global competitiveness of the nation.
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Bonham, Oliver, Bruce Broster, David Cane, Keith Johnson, and Kate MacLachlan. "The Development of Canada's Competency Profile for Professional Geoscientists at Entry-to-Practice." Geoscience Canada 44, no. 2 (July 21, 2017): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2017.44.118.

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Competency-based assessment approaches to professional registration reflect the move by professions, both in Canada and around the world, away from traditional credentials-based assessments centred on a combination of academic achievements and supervised practice time. Entry to practice competencies are the abilities required to enable effective and safe entry-level practice in a profession. In 2012, Geoscientists Canada received funding from the Government of Canada’s Foreign Credentials Recognition Program. A central component of the funding involved the development of a competency profile to assist in assessment for licensing in the geoscience profession. Work concluded with the approval of the Competency Profile for Professional Geoscientists at Entry to Practice by Geoscientists Canada in November 2014. The Competency Profile comprises concise statements in plain language, setting out the skills and abilities that are required to be able to work as a geoscientist, in an effective and safe manner, independent of direct supervision. It covers competencies common to all geoscientists; competencies for the primary subdisciplines of geoscience (geology, environmental geoscience and geophysics); and a generic set of high level competences that can apply in any specific work context in geoscience. The paper is in two parts. Part 1 puts the concept of competencies in context and describes the approach taken to develop the profile, including: input from Subject Matter Experts (practising geoscientists representing a diverse sampling of the profession); extensive national consultation and refinement; and a validation procedure, including a survey of practising Canadian geoscientists. Part 2 introduces the profile, explains its structure, and provides examples of some of the competencies. The full competency profile can be obtained from the Geoscientists Canada website www.geoscientistscanada.ca. Future work will identify specific indicators of proficiency related to each competency and suggest appropriate methodologies to assess such competencies. It will also involve mapping the profile to the existing Canadian reference standard, Geoscience Knowledge and Experience Requirements for Professional Registration in Canada.RÉSUMÉLes approches d'évaluation basées sur les compétences en vue de l'inscription professionnelle reflètent l'abandon par les professions, tant au Canada que partout dans le monde, des évaluations classiques basées sur les titres de compétences et axées sur une combinaison de réalisations académiques et de temps de pratique supervisée. Les compétences au niveau débutant sont les capacités requises pour une pratique efficace et en toute sécurité audit niveau dans une profession. En 2012, Géoscientifiques Canada a reçu un financement du Programme de reconnaissance des titres de compétences étrangers du gouvernement du Canada. Une composante centrale du financement incluait l’élaboration d'un profil des compétences pour faciliter l'évaluation de la délivrance de permis dans la profession de géoscience. Ce travail a été conclu en novembre 2014 avec l'approbation par Géoscientifiques Canada du Profil des compétences pour les géoscientifiques professionnels au niveau débutant. Le profil des compétences comprend des déclarations concises dans un langage clair, définissant les compétences et les capacités requises pour exercer efficacement, en toute sécurité et indépendamment de toute supervision directe, en tant que géoscientifique. Il couvre les compétences communes à tous les géoscientifiques; les compétences pour les sous-disciplines primaires de la géoscience (géologie, géoscience environnementale et géophysique); et un ensemble générique de compétences de haut niveau pouvant s'appliquer dans tout contexte de travail spécifique en géoscience. Le document comporte deux parties. La 1ère partie met en contexte le concept de compétences et décrit l'approche adoptée pour élaborer le profil, y compris : les contributions d'experts dans le domaine (géoscientifiques professionnels représentant un échantillonnage diversifié de la profession); de vastes consultations et perfectionnements à l'échelle nationale; et une procédure de validation, incluant une enquête auprès des géoscientifiques professionnels canadiens. La 2ème partie présente le profil, explique sa structure et fournit des exemples pour certaines des compétences. Le profil des compétences complet est disponible sur le site web de Géoscientifiques Canada www.geoscientistscanada.ca. Les travaux futurs identifieront des indicateurs spécifiques d’aptitude liés à chaque compétence et suggèreront des méthodologies appropriées pour leur évaluation. Ils comprendront également la mise en correspondance du profil avec la norme de référence canadienne existante et les exigences en matière de Connaissances et expérience des géosciences requises pour l'inscription à titre professionnel au Canada.
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Damelang, Andreas, Sabine Ebensperger, and Felix Stumpf. "Foreign Credential Recognition and Immigrants’ Chances of Being Hired for Skilled Jobs—Evidence from a Survey Experiment Among Employers." Social Forces 99, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 648–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz154.

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Abstract A large body of empirical research has demonstrated that foreign education is a major cause of ethnic disadvantages in the labor market. However, there are few insights into how these disadvantages of foreign training can be effectively countered. To improve skilled immigrants’ access to positions commensurate with their foreign qualifications, several countries have introduced policies to officially recognize foreign educational credentials. In this study, we examine the extent to which having recognized foreign credentials improves immigrants’ chances of being hired. To identify the causal effect of foreign credential recognition on immigrants’ chances of accessing adequate jobs, we focus on employers’ hiring decisions. Using vignettes, we simulate a hiring process and show randomized profiles of applicants to employers who then rate how likely they are to invite the applicants to a job interview. Our central finding is that having recognized foreign credentials considerably narrows but does not completely close the gap in the hiring chances between foreign- and native-trained applicants. Moreover, we find that the extent to which applicants benefit from foreign credential recognition varies with their occupational experience but not with the quality of the educational system in which they were trained. We conclude that whereas foreign credential recognition is a promising tool to highlight immigrants’ skill potential and reduce the disadvantages of the foreign-trained in the labor market, it hardly harmonizes the hiring chances of native- and foreign-trained applicants.
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Banerjee, Rupa, Feng Hou, Jeffrey G. Reitz, and Tingting Zhang. "Evaluating Foreign Skills: Effects of Credential Assessment on Skilled Immigrants’ Labour Market Performance in Canada." Canadian Public Policy 47, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 358–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2021-014.

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Formal educational qualification is increasingly built into immigrant selection systems in many countries, but in a global context, the transferability and portability of such qualifications has been questioned. In 2013, Canada introduced the requirement for a formal assessment of educational credential equivalence for applicants in the skilled worker category. In this study, we use a Canadian national immigration database and difference-in-differences methodology to investigate whether requiring formal Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) as part of the selection process for skilled immigrants has improved labour market outcomes. Our results indicate that the ECA requirement is positively related to early employment rates and earnings for both men and women. However, this effect is limited to those with no previous employment experience in Canada. We also find that, even with the ECA requirement, significant differences in the earnings of immigrants from different source regions remain. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
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Grierson, Lawrence, Ilana Allice, X. Catherine Tong, Henry Yu-Hin Siu, Margo Mountjoy, Michelle Howard, Jesse Guscott, Alexandra Farag, Alison Baker, and Meredith Vanstone. "Motivations for Pursuing Enhanced Skill Credentials in Family Medicine: A Study of the Certificates of Added Competence in Canada." Family Medicine 54, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2022.213612.

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Background and Objectives: The College of Family of Physicians of Canada’s Certificates of Added Competence (CACs) denote enhanced-skill family physicians who function beyond the scope of family practice or in specialized areas fundamental to family medicine practice. The credential provides recognition for skill development in areas of need and is intended to augment comprehensive care; however, there are concerns that it increases focused practice and decreases commitment to generalist care. To inform credentialing policies, we elucidated physician and trainee motivations for pursuing the CAC credential. Methods: We conducted secondary analyses of interview data collected during a multiple case study of the impacts of the CACs in Canada. We collected data from six cases, sampled to reflect variability in geography, patient population, and practice arrangement. The 48 participants included CAC holders, enhanced-skill family physicians, generalist family physicians, residents, specialists, and administrative staff. We subjected data to qualitative descriptive analysis, beginning with inductive code generation, and concluding in unconstrained deduction. Results: Family physicians and trainees pursue the credential to meet community health care needs, limit or promote diversity in practice, secure perceived professional benefits, and/or validate their sense of expertise. Notably, family physicians face barriers to engaging in enhanced skill training once their practice is established. Conclusions: While the CACs can enhance community-adaptive comprehensive care, they can also incentivize migration away from generalist practice. Credentialing policies should support enhanced skill designations that respond directly to pervasive community needs.
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Shan, Hongxia. "The disjuncture of learning and recognition: credential assessment from the standpoint of Chinese immigrant engineers in Canada." European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults 4, no. 2 (September 3, 2013): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.rela0105.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Foreign credential recognition – Canada"

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Girard, Magali. "Economic integration of immigrants to Canada and foreign credential recognition." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95095.

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The lack of foreign credential recognition by Canadian employers and professional associations is often cited as one of the explanations for the increasing earnings gap between Canadian workers and immigrant workers. The main objective of my dissertation is to look at different aspects of economic integration of immigrants to Canada, and more specifically at issues related to credential recognition. The objective of the first analysis is to examine the extent to which, after arrival, immigrants find jobs in the same occupations in which they were employed in their home countries. I also examine the effect on earnings of a match between the pre- and post-immigration occupations. Our results suggest that most recent immigrants move into a new occupation when they arrive in Canada and that those whose pre- and post-immigration occupations match tend to earn more. In the second analysis, I determine how many immigrants work in regulated and unregulated occupations and look at how education is associated with the likelihood of working in a regulated occupation. In aggregate, immigrants are slightly less likely to work in a regulated occupation. Immigrants educated in Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean prove to be much less likely to secure access to a regulated occupation than either the native-born or other immigrants. The objective of the third analysis is to understand the transition between immigrants' premigration education and their educational trajectories once in Canada, and the return on investment in postmigration education in terms of employment status and earnings. A third of new immigrants with postsecondary training pursue their education during their early years in Canada. Those who enrol do not see an immediate benefit in terms of their earnings and employment status. In the last chapter, I examine foreign credential recognition processes in Canada and recent public investments to address this issue. Gaining foreign credential recognition from a
Le manque de reconnaissance des titres de compétences acquis à l'étranger est l'une des causes souvent citées pour expliquer l'augmentation de la disparité salariale entre immigrants et non-immigrants au Canada. Le principal objectif de ma thèse est d'examiner différents aspects de l'intégration économique des immigrants au Canada, et plus particulièrement ceux liés à la reconnaissance des titres de compétences étrangers. Le but de la première étude est d'analyser le lien entre le domaine de l'emploi principal occupé par les immigrants avant leur arrivée et les emplois qu'ils ont occupés en début d'établissement, ainsi que l'effet net d'une adéquation des emplois sur le revenu des immigrants récents. Les résultats suggèrent que la plupart de ces immigrants ne se trouvent pas un emploi dans leur domaine; par ailleurs, ceux qui y parviennent ont un salaire plus élevé. Dans la deuxième analyse, je détermine combien d'immigrants travaillent dans des professions réglementées et non réglementées. J'examine comment l'éducation est associée à la probabilité de travailler dans une profession réglementée et, dans l'ensemble, les immigrants sont un peu moins susceptibles de travailler dans de telles professions. Les immigrants formés en Asie, en Amérique latine et dans les Caraïbes ont beaucoup moins de chances d'occuper une profession réglementée que les autres immigrants et les non-immigrants. L'objectif de la troisième analyse est de comprendre la transition entre l'éducation pre-migratoire et les trajectoires d'éducation au Canada, et les effets de l'investissement en éducation post-migratoire sur l'employabilité et le revenu. Un tiers des nouveaux immigrants ayant une formation postsecondaire poursuivent leurs études pendant leurs premières années au Canada. Ceux qui s'inscrivent à un programme de formation ne voient pas un bénéfice immédiat sur leur revenu et les chances d'être en emploi. Dans le dernier chap
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Kaddouri, Kaoutar. "The Experiences of Professional Moroccan Women in the Canadian Job Market." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19801.

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In Canada, the non-recognition of foreign credentials remains a considerable policy issue as well as a challenge for skilled immigrants. Many studies have shed light on the difficulties that foreign professionals face when seeking a placement in the Canadian job market. This thesis focused on the experiences of professional women from Morocco on the basis of the premise that every racialized group’s immigration experience deserves a space in the literature to voice their realities and inspire policy considerations. As a result, this study focused on examining the experiences of Moroccan women in the Canadian job market and the impact thereof, on their socio-economic status, and as such, health and well-being. In order to effectively capture the experiences of this particular community, a fieldwork study was conducted in the form of semi-structured individual interviews with twelve women who immigrated to Canada from Morocco with professional qualifications. Based on the participants’ accounts, I described that systemic discrimination as manifested in Othering and racialization remain major obstacles to the realization of equal access in the Canadian labour market. All in all, this research provides valuable insight into the plight of skilled immigrants in Canada and thus, offers strong policy recommendations to facilitate a more effective integration process for this group into the Canadian Job market.
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Wittuhn, Georg 1958. "Pre-trial discovery in Canada, the corresponding devices under German Law and the impact on judicial cooperation and recognition of foreign judgments." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61749.

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Leiren, Olaf Hall. "A Hobson’s choice : the recognition question in Canada-China relations, 1949-1950." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/10446.

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This paper examines events surrounding Canada's negotiations on the question of recognizing the People's Republic of China in 1949 and 1950, and the reasons why the negotiations failed. The focus is on the work of officials in the Canadian Embassy in Nanking and External Affairs in Ottawa, particularly External Affairs Minster Lester B. Pearson. Both Nanking and External Affairs, Ottawa, strove to promote recognition, which was approved in principal by the Canadian government but never actualized. Pearson and his department, spurred by Canadian officials on the ground in China, chiefly Ambassador T. C. Davis and his second-in-command, China specialist Chester Ronning, favoured early recognition, as a means of influencing the Communist government away from total dependence on the Soviet Union. The Canadian government weighed the desirability of recognition against what it saw as the necessity of solidarity of the North Atlantic alliance with the United Kingdom and the United States, in particular, against what they perceived as the machinations of the Soviet Union in its perceived drive for world domination. In the final analysis the Canadian government, fearful of alienating the United States, opted for solidarity of the Western Alliance on the recognition question. The focus of the essay, based in large measure on External Affairs documents and the Pearson Papers, is to look at the recognition question and how it played out, in Canadian domestic terms, rather than in terms of Great Power relationships, which is largely the preoccupation in the historiography. A brief window of opportunity occurred in late 1949 and early 1950, when Canada might have recognized without potentially serious repercussions on Canada-US relations. That moment passed quickly and the outbreak of the Korean War and China's entry in the conflict against UN forces, essentially destroyed any opportunity for Canada and Communist China to develop normal relations.
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Yoon, Sunju. "Global labour mobility and recognition of the citizenship boundary: The case of temporary foreign workers in Canada and South Korea." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5845.

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This thesis investigates the citizenship boundary encountered by foreign workers in the global labour market, with a focus on Canada and South Korea. In the past few years, there has been an increase in the number of incoming temporary migrant workers to both these countries. Temporary foreign workers often struggle to exercise their legal rights in the country of residence because they lack the membership that imparts the rights and duties inherent in citizenship. Territory-based citizenship fails to address the potential for access to citizenship of these immigrants in their countries of residence and the notion of “stakeholder principle,” initially introduced by Rainer Bauböck, is suggested to provide a flexible perspective on the criteria for access to the membership. This thesis uses the case of temporary foreign workers in Canada and South Korea as a case study to argue the relationship between this membership and its actual application of providing rights and protections to the resident aliens. Stakeholder citizenship provides a means of access to certain legal rights and protections to newcomers, but the limitations placed on certain migrant workers may result in their ineligibility for stakeholder status. The thesis concludes that, if temporary foreign workers cannot gain full access to social rights and integration, they should not be required to participate fully in the duties that accompany those rights. In all cases, both countries, the host state and the sending state, should cooperate to protect the legal status of TFWs.
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Xaba, Gift Manyanani Nkosinathi. "Presence as a basis for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments sounding in money – a comparative study of Canadian and South African law." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11827.

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L.LM. (International Commercial Law)
This dissertation, properly speaking, deals only with the recognition of foreign monetary judgments. In common parlance, however, the terms ‘recognition’ and ‘enforcement’ have blended, with “enforcement” being used more commonly to refer to “recognition” than the term recognition is. Throughout this paper, the terms will be used interchangeably to refer to the classic concept of recognition; that is to say the circumstances in which a court will allow a foreign party to enforce a foreign judgment. Central to this paper is the recent South African Supreme Court of Appeal (hereinafter SCA) case of Richman v Ben-Tovim. This includes a critical discussion of the submissions made by the SCA in reaching its decision. The author is of the view that the SCA in hearing a case of this nature ought to have considered a comparative study of the private international law rules applied elsewhere.
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Books on the topic "Foreign credential recognition – Canada"

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1941-, Tilson David, ed. Recognizing success: A report on improving foreign credential recognition : report of the Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration. [Ottawa]: Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration, 2009.

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Canada. Dept. of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Conformity assessment : Agreeement on mutual recognition in relation to conformity assessment between Canada and the Republic of Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein, and the Kingdom of Norway (with annexes), Brussels, July 4, 2000, signed by Canada July 4, 2000, ratification by Canada November 23, 2000, in force January 1, 2001, in force for Canada January 1, 2001 =: Évaluation de la conformité : Accord de reconnaissance mutuelle en matière d'évaluation de la conformité entre le Canada et la République d'Islande, la Principauté de Liechtenstein et le Royaume de Norvège (avec annexes), Bruxelles, le 4 juillet 2000, signé par le Canada le 4 juillet 2000, ratification du Canada le 23 novembre 2000, en vigueur le 1er janvier 2001, en vigueur pour le Canada le 1er janvier 2001. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, 2001.

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Canada. Dept. of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Conformity assessment : agreement on mutual recognition in relation to conformity assessment between Canada and Switzerland, Ottawa, December 3, 1998, in force May 1, 1999 =: Évaluation de la conformité : accord de reconnaissance mutuelle en matière d'évaluation de la conformité entre le Canada et la Suisse, Ottawa, le 3 décembre 1998, en vigueur le 1er mai 1999. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada = Ministre des travaux publics et services gouvernementaux Canada, 1998.

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Canada. Dept. of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Conformity assessment : agreeement on mutual recognition between Canada and the European Community (with annexes), London, May 14, 1998, in force November 1, 1998 =: Évaluation de la conformité : accord de reconnaissance mutuelle entre le Canada et la Communaute européenne (avec annexes), Londres, le 14 mai 1998, en vigueur le 1er novembre 1998. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada = Ministre des travaux publics et services gouvernementaux Canada, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Foreign credential recognition – Canada"

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Vineberg, Robert. "Foreign Credential Recognition." In Responding to Immigrants' Settlement Needs: The Canadian Experience, 55–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2688-8_9.

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Bachand, Frédéric, and Fabien Gélinas. "Interpretation and Application of the New York Convention in Canada." In Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, 163–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50915-0_6.

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Brown, Marion, Annie Pullen Sansfaçon, Stephanie Éthier, and Amy Fulton. "A complicated welcome: social workers navigate policy, organisational contexts and sociocultural dynamics following migration to Canada." In Transnational Social Work. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447333364.003.0004.

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Canada is promoted as a land of opportunity, with its natural beauty purportedly matched by the generosity of its people. Since 1994, Canada has been ranked in the top 10 places to live in the world, and in 2013 it placed third in the global ‘better life index’, recognised for its comfortable standard of living, low mortality rate, solid education and health systems, and low crime rate (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2013). It is a promising option for migrant professionals looking to leave their home countries for a variety of reasons related to social, political and economic conditions. This chapter reports on the experiences of 44 social workers who undertook their social work education outside Canada and migrated to Canada with the intent of continuing to practise social work. We bring analysis to three key areas experienced as problematic: policy, including immigration, recognition of foreign credentials, and registration with the licensing body; organisational context, including issues related to the search for employment and process of hiring; and socio-cultural dynamics, the more subtle relations required to ‘fit in’ and feelings of ‘difference’ in relation to one’s colleagues. The findings for each of these are discussed in detail below, drawing on Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital (Bourdieu, 1986).
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"Forum Shopping Comes to Canada: The Recognition of Foreign Maritime Liens." In The Regulation of International Shipping: International and Comparative Perspectives, 525–39. Brill | Nijhoff, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004202443_027.

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Bauder, Harald. "Devalued Germans." In Labor Movement. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195180879.003.0015.

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Despite the privilege of German citizenship, Spätaussiedler experience difficulties in the German labor market. Unemployment tends to be high, and many of those who are employed fill positions in the secondary segment of the labor market. A problem for many Spätaussiedler is that their former occupations do not exist or are not in demand in Germany. Tractor operators, technicians in the oil industry, and coal miners from the former Soviet Union have difficulty finding employment in their fields, particularly in Berlin. Other Spätaussiedler still work in their general field, but below their original qualifications. Of these, many are denied work in their former occupations because their foreign occupational and educational credentials are not recognized by German authorities and employers. Government efforts to streamline the transferability of foreign credentials have concentrated on countries within the European Union (Schneider 1995); however, Spätaussiedler from the territory of the former Soviet Union do not benefit from these efforts. Although, as German citizens, they are legally entitled to credential assessment, exclusionary practices in the credential assessment and recognition process still make it difficult for Spätaussiedler to obtain work in the upper labor market segment. These immigrants fall victim to a double standard that values domestic and foreign credentials differently. The nonrecognition of foreign credentials as a mechanism of labor devaluation is not unusual in countries that receive large numbers of immigrants, as illustrated in chapter 5 in the case of immigrants in Vancouver. In Germany, Spätaussiedler present an interesting group because they enjoy citizenship rights and privileges unavailable to other immigrant groups. They receive full legal labor market access, economic integration assistance, the right to credential assessment, privileged treatment by labor market institutions, and, unlike foreigners and naturalized migrants, they are able to use their foreign qualifications to establish small businesses and offer vocational apprenticeships. In some instances, Spätaussiedler even receive preferential treatment relative to other Germans, for example, when applying for small business loans (Juris 2003, BFVG §14). In light of these privileges, labor devaluation through legal exclusion is apparently not an issue for Spätaussiedler.
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6

Perrone, Nicolás M. "ISDS in Action." In Investment Treaties and the Legal Imagination, 122–49. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862147.003.0006.

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The legal imagination framing ISDS practice is closely related to how arbitrators connect storytelling with the interpretation of investment treaties and other relevant laws. This chapter examines several influential awards, placing the facts of each dispute within the broader social and political context of the investment, the conflict, and the economic sector. The analysis highlights how arbitrators think of foreign investment relations, and the extent to which they focus on, or silence, issues of distribution, recognition, and embeddedness. The cases are discussed chronologically in order to identify what has changed—and what has not—in arbitrators’ reasoning. Cases covered in this chapter include Santa Elena v. Costa Rica, Metalclad v. Mexico, TecMed v. Mexico, SD Myers v. Canada, Methanex v. USA, Glamis v. USA, Chemtura v. Canada, Occidental v. Ecuador 2, Philip Morris v. Uruguay, and Eli Lilly v. Canada.
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