Academic literature on the topic 'Foreign country selection'
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Journal articles on the topic "Foreign country selection"
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Clark, Daniel R., Dan Li, and Dean A. Shepherd. "Country familiarity in the initial stage of foreign market selection." Journal of International Business Studies 49, no. 4 (September 21, 2017): 442–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0099-3.
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Wang, Ying, and Gi Tae Yeo. "The Selection of a Foreign Seafarer Supply Country for Korean Flag Vessels." Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 32, no. 4 (December 2016): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2016.12.005.
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El-Higzi, Faiza. "Foreign Market Selection Factors in the Australian Construction Services Sector." Construction Economics and Building 2, no. 1 (November 15, 2012): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v2i1.2891.
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A survey of Australian construction companies is described, aimed at identifying the mainfactors considered when choosing foreign markets for their international activities. Thishighlights the importance of the host country’s economic, political and structural factors,the interplay of company motivations for expansion and the availability of a relevant constructionproject. Other factors influence a company’s approach to overseas operations,but do not significantly affect the choice of country. Also identified is a need to improvegovernment approaches to construction service expansion to other countries, with a focuson specific projects and policy regulations to assist the industry, and to build closer relationsbetween construction companies and financial institutions.
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Huang, Haifeng, and Yao-Yuan Yeh. "Information from Abroad: Foreign Media, Selective Exposure and Political Support in China." British Journal of Political Science 49, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 611–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123416000739.
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What kind of content do citizens in a developing and authoritarian country like to acquire from Western free media? What are the effects of their potentially selective exposure? In a survey experiment involving 1,200 Chinese internet users from diverse socio-demographic backgrounds, this study finds that Chinese citizens with higher pro-Western orientations and lower regime evaluations are more inclined to read content that is positive about foreign countries or negative about China. More importantly, reading relatively positive foreign media content about foreign countries can improve rather than worsen the domestic evaluations of citizens who self-select such content. The article argues that this is because reputable Western media outlets’ reports are generally more realistic than overly rosy information about foreign socio-economic conditions that popularly circulates in China. Consequently, foreign media may have a corrective function and enhance regime stability in an authoritarian country by making regime critics less critical. The article also introduces a new variant of the patient preference trial design that integrates self-selection and random assignment of treatments in a way that is useful for studying information effects.
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Ehrman, Chaim Meyer, and Morris Hamburg. "Information Search for Foreign Direct Investment Using Two-Stage Country Selection Procedures: A New Procedure." Journal of International Business Studies 17, no. 2 (June 1986): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490426.
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Blair, Robert A., and Philip Roessler. "Foreign Aid and State Legitimacy." World Politics 73, no. 2 (March 16, 2021): 315–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004388712000026x.
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ABSTRACTWhat are the effects of foreign aid on the perceived legitimacy of recipient states? Different donors adhere to different rules, principles, and operating procedures. The authors theorize that variation in these aid regimes may generate variation in the effects of aid on state legitimacy. To test their theory, they compare aid from the United States to aid from China, its most prominent geopolitical rival. Their research design combines within-country analysis of original surveys, survey experiments, and behavioral games in Liberia with cross-country analysis of existing administrative and Afrobarometer data from six African countries. They exploit multiple proxies for state legitimacy, but focus in particular on tax compliance and morale. Contrary to expectations, the authors find little evidence to suggest that exposure to aid diminishes the legitimacy of African states. If anything, the opposite appears to be true. Their results are consistent across multiple settings, multiple levels of analysis, and multiple measurement and identification strategies, and are unlikely to be artifacts of sample selection, statistical power, or the strength or weakness of particular experimental treatments. The authors conclude that the effects of aid on state legitimacy at the microlevel are largely benign.
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Granfeldt, Jonas, Susan Sayehli, and Malin Ågren. "The context of second foreign languages in Swedish secondary schools." Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies 13, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/apples/urn.201903011688.
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This article reports the results of a survey focusing on the educational context of second foreign languages (SFL) to which 147 Swedish secondary school leaders responded. The study aims to provide a picture of how SFLs like German, French and Spanish are organised in a representative selection of Swedish schools across the country. The results of the survey show that there are major differences between languages when it comes to the language offer and the number of pupils and teachers in the respective languages. Moreover, there are also important differences between schools, some of which can be related to educational, socio-economic and regional aspects of the responding schools. A general conclusion of the survey is that conditions for SFLs currently vary across languages and across the country. One of the main challenges for the future seems to be to maintain a varying offer of languages in a majority of schools.
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Kang, Hyeon-Seok. "Changes in English language policy in Kim Jong-un's North Korea." English Today 36, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078419000191.
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One of the most important components of a country's language policy is its planning on foreign languages and its decisions regarding which foreign language(s) to choose and teach to its people in the nation's school system (Cenoz & Gorter, 2012). The government generally makes a selection among the candidate languages on the basis of the languages' perceived economic and socio-political value inside and outside the country. However, the socio-economic power and prestige of languages are variable and bound to change over time (Wright, 2004). For this reason, changes are almost always observed in any country's foreign language policy.
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Lee, Jae-Eun, and Young-Soo Yang. "The Determinants of Foreign Subsidiary CEO Selection: Effects of Internal and External Network Embeddedness of Foreign Subsidiaries and Market Characteristics of Host Country." Journal of Korea Trade 25, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2021.25.2.134.
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Ernazarov, D. Z., Kh N. Avilova, and M. Kh Gulyamova. "Designing authentic reading materials to suit local context in Uzbekistan." Issues of applied linguistics 40 (December 30, 2020): 131–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.40.06.
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What teaching materials are relevant to develop reading skills of my students? Can every Internet resource or course book be used in all classrooms? Should materials meet national standards of a particular country? Teachers usually face the reality while selecting resources to use in their teaching. Teaching materials are an indispensible tool in the majority of language classrooms. This paper gives an overview of reading materials and the selection of authentic materials for designing reading tasks in the English as a foreign language classroom in Uzbekistan. It also seeks theories that support the efforts in developing culturally and locally appropriate EFL reading materials. This article proposes a method of using authentic materials in teaching students a foreign language. The main criteria for the selection of authentic materials in accordance with the purpose and objectives of learning are identified, and the advantages of their use for the development of reading skills in comparison with adapted texts and an increase in the level of motivation for learning a foreign language are analyzed. English learners often say that reading, which is a vital part of language learning, is boring and difficult. This problematic situation may be the result of improper EFL reading practice.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Foreign country selection"
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Thams, Yannick. "Foreign-born CEOs, Country-Specific Skills, Selection, and Strategic Consequences." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/934.
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In this dissertation, I first suggest an extension of the managerial rents model and more specifically the managerial skills typology that it offers. Building on research in international business, I propose adding country-specific skills (CSS) to this typology in addition to firm-specific, industry-specific, and generic skills. I define CSS as managers’ abilities that are applicable and specific to a particular national institutional context. Such skills are distinct from the other three types identified and are likely to influence managers’ performance and the performance of their firms.
So if CSS are distinct skills, what are the implications for strategy and international business research? In an attempt to respond to this question, I conduct two empirical essays in which I examine the implications of this refinement of the typology of managerial skills for CEO selection and firms’ mergers and acquisitions (M&A) strategy.
In the first empirical essay, I puzzle at the fact that although CSS constitute a barrier to high-level executive mobility across countries, there have been a growing number of foreign-born CEOs being appointed across the globe. Why are these individuals being selected for the post of CEO? Using information on the appointment of foreign-born and national CEOs from 2005 to 2010 among global 500 companies, I show that internationalization pressures help explain their selection and that two types of firms are likely to appoint foreign leaders: highly internationalized firms and firms that are likely to internationalize.
In the second empirical essay, I examine the strategic implications of country-specific skills. Employing the same sample as the one used in the first empirical essay, I demonstrate that given that their mindset is likely to be less focused on firms’ home market, foreign-born CEOs may be prone to institute more changes in firms’ cross-border M&A strategy than their domestic counterparts. I also theorize on the moderating influence of CEOs’ insiderness.
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Martins, David Miguel Ramos. "Market selection and market entry recommendations for a non-profit organization's first international venture." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10024.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis Work Project studies the internationalization of non-profit organizations and applies it by developing recommendations for Social Entrepreneurship Institute‟s (IES) first international venture. A model of foreign market selection was used to choose among eight foreign potential markets based on a proximity approach. A market analysis on the selected market was performed to obtain the best decision regarding entry mode. This study concludes that Spain is the market considered to have more proximity with Portugal and therefore less risk for an international expansion. In the case analyzed, a non-equity joint venture is pointed as the safest entry mode.
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Gould, Richard Robert, and RichardGould@ozemail com au. "International market selection-screening technique: replacing intuition with a multidimensional framework to select a short-list of countries." RMIT University. Social Science & Planning, 2002. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081125.145312.
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The object of this research was to develop an international market screening methodology which selects highly attractive markets, allowing for the ranges in diversity amongst organisations, countries and products. Conventional business thought is that, every two to five years, dynamic organisations which conduct business internationally should decide which additional foreign market or markets to next enter. If they are internationally inexperienced, this will be their first market; if they are experienced, it might be, say, their 100th market. How should each organisation select their next international market? One previous attempt has been made to quantitatively test which decision variables, and what weights, should be used when choosing between the 230 countries of the world. The literature indicate that a well-informed selection decision could consider over 150 variables that measure aspects of each foreign market's economic, political, legal, cultural, technical and physical environments. Additionally, attributes of the organisation have not been considered when selecting the most attractive short-list of markets. The findings presented in the dissertation are that 30 criteria accounted for 95 per cent of variance at cross-classification rates of 95 per cent. The weights of each variable, and the markets selected statistically as being the most attractive, were found to vary with the capabilities, goals and values of the organisation. This frequently means that different countries will be best for different organisations selling the same product. A
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Hollender, Lina [Verfasser]. "Internationalization Processes of SMEs: Foreign Market Entry Mode Choice, Experiential Learning, and Host-Country Selection / Lina Hollender." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1142000451/34.
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Al, Qur'an Marwan. "Location decision-making processes of internationalising firms: a multiple case study investigation." Curtin University of Technology, Curtin Business School, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16311.
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Research into the location decision of Australian international firms was primarily directed toward investigating motivations of Australian investors for setting up their foreign direct investments (FDI) in specific foreign countries. Nevertheless, the strategic decision-making process concerning the selection of a beneficial foreign country for either Australian or Western Australian international operations has been neglected in the existing literature; hence, an evident and significant gap was identified. Therefore, the current exploratory investigation used an interpretive paradigm to examine ‘how do Western Australian internationalising firms arrive at a beneficial foreign location choice for their international operations and hence attain successful international expansion. As an attempt to provide rich and deep insights into managerial actions and procedures, as well as critical success factors, that should be considered in effective international location decision-making process to attain a beneficial foreign location choice, five empirical comparative in-depth case studies excluding a pilot case study were purposefully selected from among sixteen potential Western Australian firms which established manufacturing and service operations abroad. Furthermore, seven international location decision-making processes were examined within these five cases through relying on several data sources: in-depth face to face interviews, short telephone and follow-up interviews and questionnaire instrument as primary data sources besides field notes, documents review when available and internet sources as secondary data sources. Two main stages of analysis were undertaken in the current research, namely, within and cross-case analyses.The empirical findings of the extant research show that a thorough consultative and international experience-based strategic decision process should be considered to attain effective foreign country selection decisions. The consultative decision process encompasses five crucial managerial phases; that is, (1) strategic analysis of internationalisation drivers, (2) strategic searching and development of location factors and alternatives, (3) acquiring of adequate and relevant information about the prospective locations and, hence, strategic assessment for these alternatives, (4) strategic selection of final beneficial foreign location choice, and finally, (5) effective implementation of the selected location choice. Results reveal that the decision process cannot separately lead to the selection of a beneficial foreign location choice in the absence of four critical success factors, i.e., (1) international business experience of the selected location team, (2) the country knowledge about the potential foreign locations, (3) in-house and external consultations with international business experts and (4) identification of a trustworthy and internationally experienced manager or local partner for the international operation. The findings also illustrate that the comprehensive foreign country selection decision process is a multi-stage decision process which incorporates three separate location selection processes, namely, (1) country selection, (2) city selection and (3) site selection process. The current research extends the satisficing or bounded rational decision theory by confirming the appropriateness and the effectiveness of the theory in foreign country selection decisions.
In addition, the earlier critical success factors are adding new and important aspects of knowledge to the existing research on location decision-making process in international business, as well as foreign direct investment decisions. Accordingly, the former management phases and critical success factors were integrated into a conceptual model. The major and the unique contribution of the current thesis to existing theory is the development of a decision model which combines two fields of management research; that is, strategic decision-making and location decision-making in international business. The research provides important methodological contributions to international business research in relation to an effective multiple case study approach to capture elements of the comprehensive and complex international location decision-making process. Finally, the research findings and decision model have practical managerial implications for both international and internationalising firms by assisting them to improve the effectiveness of their foreign country selection decision processes. Further, the findings provide benefits for foreign investment policy-makers as well as local development officials in both home and host countries by assisting them to increase their outward FDI and attract more inward FDI and, consequently, boost the economic development movement in their countries.
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MULIT, MARK ANTHONY B., and 馬克. "SELECTION OF FOREIGN SEAFARER SUPPLY-COUNTRY FOR TAIWANESE SHIPS." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46k648.
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碩士開南大學
觀光運輸學院碩士班
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UNCATD (2018) has ranked Taiwan as the 11th territory in terms of ownership of world fleet by dead-weight tonnage. However, Taiwanese graduates from maritime colleges prefer not to enter into seafaring (Guo et al, 2005). This event directly affects the supply of ship officers and indirectly affects the supply of masters and chief officers (Lin et al, 2001). Chung et al. (2009) mentioned that the imbalance of supply and demand led to being unable to recruit domestic seafarer leading to the recruitment of foreign seafarer. The employment of mixed seafarers could cut the operating expenses of Taiwan national merchant ship by 48.91% (Fong et al, 2001). In 1994, the government of Taiwan permitted the employment foreign seafarers due to the calls of Taiwan national ship-owners and in order to help the industry in cost reduction. The recruitment of foreign seafarer involves the consideration of important factors. Thus, it requires the use of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). Based upon the review previously published papers the researcher found out fifteen (15) factors categorized into three groups. Based on these factors, shipping manpower experts/managers was asked to evaluate the top 5 seafarer supplier country. Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relation (CFPR) was used to evaluate the relative weight of each factor because it guarantees satisfaction of consistency property which is vital in the computation of relative weights. Then, VIKOR method was used in the ranking of alternatives due to fact that it introduces multi-criteria ranking index on the bases of its particular measure of “closeness” to the ideal solution. This method focuses on ranking and selecting from set of alternatives in the presence of conflicting criteria.
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Moreira, Diana Conduto Viegas. "ActualSales Portugal : the internationalization process and foreign market selection." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/20721.
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The online performance marketing industry (OPM) has been consistently growing double digits for the past 5 years, reflecting the market’s adjustments to a reality where economic challenges predominate and consequently push companies to demand greater evidence of return on investment. Online lead generation, a sub-segment of OPM, is defined as the processof generation and delivery of leads, i.e. prospects interested on a certain product or service. ActualSales is a multinational Portuguese company that operates in the online lead generation industry,currently facing the industry’s paradigm of rapid growth and increasing competition. Henrique Agostinho, managing partner, was responsible indefining the next steps for the company’s internationalization strategy and adaptation to the recent and fast-growing industry, by creating a new subsidiary whether in Argentina or Colombia. Recent contract opportunities in both Latin American countries made the two eligible for consideration; however, the company did not possess enough human resources to tackle both geographies. Consequently, only one country could be chosen.
In this case, students are presented with real life events related to industry and strategy definition, more specificallythe internationalization process and foreign market selection of ActualSales.A indústria de online performance marketing (OPM) tem vindo a crescer consistentementedois dígitos ao longo dos últimos cinco anos, refletindo o ajustamento do mercado a uma realidade onde os desafios económicos predominam e forçaa que as empresas exijam cada vez mais evidências do retorno do investimento. O online lead generation é um subsegmento da indústria OPM, e define-se como sendo o processo de criação e entrega de leads. A ActualSales é uma empresa multinacional Portuguesa que opera na indústria de lead generation e que atualmente compete numa indústria em rápido crescimento e com cada vez mais competidores. Henrique Agostinho, managing partner, é o responsável pela definição da estratégia de internacionalização da empresa para a América Latina, acompanhando assim o rápido crescimento da indústria nestes países. Novas oportunidades contratuais nos países da Argentina e Colômbia, tornaram possível a implementação de uma nova subsidiária. No entanto, a falta de recursos humanos suscetíveis à expatriação, força a que apenas um dos países seja eleito. Este case study expõe eventos reais, permitindo ao leitor uma representação daquilo que são os desafios relacionados com a definição de uma estratégia de internacionalização, assim como o processo de seleção de mercados internacionais.
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Roy, Jean-Paul. "International joint venture partner selection and performance : the role of the host country legal enivronment /." 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11623.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Business Administration.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-233). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11623
Book chapters on the topic "Foreign country selection"
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Johnstone, Andrew. "“A Godsend to the Country”?" In US Presidential Elections and Foreign Policy, 19–39. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813169057.003.0002.
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This chapter argues that foreign policy debates in the election of 1940 have been underestimated. Franklin Roosevelt remained cautious regarding foreign policy issues, in part because he had an election to win, and also because his opponent, Wendell Willkie, did not wholly reflect the Republican Party on foreign policy matters. In addition, congressional isolationism was extremely strong. This chapter also argues that Willkie was more critical of Roosevelt on foreign policy issues than has generally been accepted. This was largely a result of straightforward party politics, and the selection of Willkie as the Republican candidate did not mean that foreign policy issues were off the table. In fact, they remained critical for both candidates throughout the campaign.
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Govindaraj, V. C. "The Law of Obligations." In Private International Law, 17–27. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199489282.003.0003.
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Professor Dicey in England and Beale in the United states propounded the ‘jurisdiction selection’ rule, according to which the law to govern a foreign contract is the law of the country where the contract is entered into, and the law to govern issues of performance is the law of the place of performance. Similarly, in the case of a foreign tort, the governing law is the law of the country where the tort is committed. This jurisdiction selection rule held sway till the first half of the twentieth century. As opposed to the above doctrine, Professor Morris propounded the ‘proper law’ rule to govern the Law of Obligations, whether it be a foreign contract or a foreign tort. According to the proper law doctrine, in Morris’s opinion, it will help achieve results which are ‘commercially convenient and sound’ in the case of foreign contracts and ‘socially convenient and sound’ in the case of foreign torts.
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Capolupo, Rosa, and Vito Amendolagine. "Entry-Mode Selection and Firm’s Productivity across Market Destinations: An Empirical Investigation." In Outsourcing and Offshoring [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95288.
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This work aims at investigating the productivity premia of three alternative modes of internationalization for a panel of Italian manufacturing firms: FDI, international outsourcing, and exporting. By using simple regression tests we try to investigate whether and to what extent these modes of firm‘s entry into the foreign markets increase the productivity of firms at home. Surprisingly, our findings show that firms that self-select in engaging in exporting have the greatest productivity gains. The findings hold true even when we extend the analysis to geographical country penetrations.
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Davis, Christina L. "The Reluctant Litigant: Japanese Trade Policy." In Why Adjudicate? Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691152752.003.0005.
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This chapter examines Japanese trade policy to promote market access for exports. It considers how the delegation of authority to the bureaucracy influences the choice of trade strategies by Japan. The Japanese legislature grants considerable autonomy to the bureaucracy for management of foreign trade policy. As a result, there should be lower demand for adjudication and less politicization of case selection. Compared to the United States, the chapter shows that Japan follows a more selective adjudication strategy and initiates only a few cases for large industries with less obvious political influence on selection. Analysis of a number of case studies reveal the absence of political pressure on the country's foreign economic policy. The chapter also looks at a dataset of trade barriers that represent potential trade disputes.
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Ruiz Ben, Esther, Michaela Wieandt, and Martina Maletzky. "Offshoring in the ICT Sector in Europe." In IT Outsourcing, 310–39. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-770-6.ch018.
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In the context of globalization and internationalization, offshoring processes in the ICT Industry have increased considerably in the software and service sector in recent years due to the cost saving strategies and market entry policies of ICT organizations. Through the heterogeneity of the European ICT sector a regionalization trend regarding host country selection for ICT offshore is, nevertheless, observable. Historical and cultural ties between host and home countries as well as related national stereotypes play an important role in the regionalization process. Moreover, due to favorable EU policies and regulations, off- and nearshoring within the European Union acquire an additional attractive character for some major European producers, such as, for example, Germany. Thus the Eastern European Member States, which already build out certain sectoral specialization in regard to ICT service provision, have benefited from direct foreign investments. Off- and nearshoring also imply risks and hidden costs linked to structural aspects in host countries as well as to the overestimation of cultural and historical nearness. In our chapter we discuss the trends of the internationalization process in the European ICT sector taking into account related risks in off- and nearshore processes. We argue, furthermore, that long-term cooperation and intercultural training, with the support of local and European institutions, should be considered to confrontin a better way the challenges of the internationalization of ICT in Europe.
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Bozorg-Haddad, Omid, Mohammad-Reza Rajabi, and Hugo A. Loáiciga. "Land use planning and overseas production." In Water Resources: Future Perspectives, Challenges, Concepts and Necessities, 87–102. IWA Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789062144_0087.
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Abstract Land use planning is defined as the regulation of the relationship between space and human activities. Space occupied by human settlements, farmland and forests, parks, fallow land, rivers and lakes, and by transportation networks constitutes a network of areas dedicated to land uses such as agriculture, forestry, rangeland, industry, mining, recreation, and fishing. Land use planning is a comprehensive and long-term approach to planning human relations and their activities in space; it is the task of regulating and coordinating the strategies and general orientations of sectors, and it is the foundation of economies and human activities. The purpose of land use planning is to achieve an optimal distribution of economic and social activities. Land use selection and management are commonly done without regard to the carrying capacity of the land which, when exceeded, results in economic losses and in a reduction of environmental quality. The overall goal of land use planning is to achieve the optimal use of the land within the national interest framework. Accordingly, formulating a successful plan for managing the development of a country requires proper attention to the roles of geography and land use. Creation of a suitable balance between the Earth and its use by human activities can be achieved by proper land management. The increasing importance of environmental issues and human alteration of natural environments calls for sustainable development and land use practices that conserve natural resources while benefiting society and the environment. Nowadays, due to many factors such as climate change, population growth, changing standards of living, poverty, access to education, and mismanagement of natural and water resources, there is a need to diversify food and agricultural production in a variety of ways. Overseas cultivation is one of them, and it has potential for improving agricultural production. The practice of overseas cultivation by a country means planting and harvesting of a variety of agricultural products in other countries to be sold in its domestic market or in foreign markets. There are five basic principles that underline the success of overseas cultivation involving any group of countries: (1) mutual respect for the governance of all countries; (2) making and abiding by agreements between the countries; (3) non-interference in the internal problems of each country and respect for the territorial integrity of all countries; (4) optimal use of human resources and capacities to support agricultural activities and trade; and (5) expanding security and military cooperation.
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Abdelaaty, Lamis Elmy. "Selective Protection in Turkey." In Discrimination and Delegation, 90–131. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197530061.003.0005.
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By analyzing the case of Turkey as a refugee-receiving country, chapter 5 allows a comparison with the more typical Egyptian case laid out in chapter 4. One of only a handful of countries that retains a geographical limitation to the 1951 Refugee Convention, Turkey has experienced several mass refugee influxes and boasts one of the largest refugee resettlement programs. The conventional wisdom in this “extreme” case emphasizes a dichotomy between European and non-European refugees. This chapter establishes that Turkish policies are more nuanced than this conventional wisdom expects. Once again, it draws on a range of sources to examine how Turkey responded to Bulgarians, Iraqis, Iranians, refugees from the former Yugoslavia, and refugees from Soviet and post-Soviet states. This analysis reveals that even seemingly general policies that exist on the books were applied selectively, a pattern that betrays the influence of foreign policy and ethnic politics on Turkey’s asylum policies.
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Ohno, Kenichi. "Meiji Japan." In How Nations Learn, 85–106. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841760.003.0005.
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In the second half of the nineteenth century, Japan transformed itself from an agro-based feudal society to one of the leading industrial nations of the world. This was attained by aggressive learning and local adaptations of Western technology. Meiji Japan’s learning began with simple methods such as book study and turnkey projects directed by foreign advisers, but in time progressed to the generation of a large number of proficient Japanese engineers, analysis and copy production of imported machinery, and selective acquisition of frontline technology through licensing, technical cooperation agreements, and joint ventures with foreign giants. In most cases, the Japanese side quickly mastered the technology offered and graduated from foreign help. Country ownership in technology transfer also increased over time. Private dynamism inherited from previous periods was the main driver of technology learning while policies of the Meiji government were mostly appropriate and supportive of private effort.
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Kruja, Alba Demneri, and Eltona Berberi. "Tourism and Handicraft Industry." In Cases on Global Leadership in the Contemporary Economy, 119–36. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8088-1.ch007.
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Tourism is one of the most crucial sectors contributing to country development. In Albania, the sector`s contribution to GDP has an increasing trend through the years. This study aimed to explore the role of tourism in supporting the development of handicraft sector and analyzing the constraints faced by artisans during their daily activities of crafts production process. Albania is known for the tradition of crafts with precious values, created for centuries by masters of folk, in every province according to the features and specifications of different areas. The most known handicrafts in Albania are works in wood, iron, copper, and precious materials like gold, silver, leather, wool, etc. These values are inherited generation to generation have aroused great interest to visitors and local and foreign researches. In cities like Kruja and Scutari, a diversity of crafts with high utilitarian and aesthetic level is distinguished. This is also the reason of selecting the surveyed sample of artisans from Kruja and Scutari.
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Makarov, Vitaliy, and Mykola Kaplin. "MODELING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAS INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE." In Priority areas for development of scientific research: domestic and foreign experience. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-049-0-33.
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The subject of the research is the directions of development of the gas industry of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to develop a mathematical model for calculating the program of development of the country's gas industry to solve the problem of choosing options for commissioning of new natural gas fields and intensification of existing fields. The methods of system analysis, linear programming, comparative analysis and expert evaluations are used in the work. A model for calculating a program for the development of the gas industry is proposed to solve the problem of choosing options for commissioning new natural gas fields and intensifying existing fields. The model is based on representing development options with achievable volumes of annual production increase in integer linear programming problems. New and operating natural gas fields can be presented in the model with statistical information on their distribution by reserves and depths with the corresponding development costs, as well as the dependences of the predicted annual production volume on the measures taken and technologies to improve the efficiency of gas extraction. Model calculations provide a two-stage method for determining the options for the development of the industry. At the first stage, a variety of options are optimized according to the criterion of unit costs per 1,000 m3 of gas produced during the entire program period. The second stage ensures the optimal distribution of the selected options between the periods of the program using the criterion of the production volume and with the limited costs of the previous period for the preparation, prospecting and exploration of deposits. The results of calculating feasible options for the development of the gas production industry based on statistical information on volume, mining and geological and cost indicators of the development of resources and natural gas reserves are presented. The calculations investigated the options for the uniform distribution of investment, as well as their growth from the first stage to the next. For both cases, the priority is set for the selection of fields with large reserves at the same depths. Such a procedure for putting fields into operation is expedient, both from the point of view of the criterion for the optimal functioning of the industry over a long period of time – the unit costs of production, and on the basis of considerations of achieving the highest volumes of extraction in the shortest possible time. In the case of small capital investments in the development of the industry, the model selects small-volume reserves of deposits according to the structure of Ukrainian reserves.
Conference papers on the topic "Foreign country selection"
1
Ganiev, Junus, Damira Baigonushova, and Mairam Baigonusheva. "The Impact of Foreign Debt and Foreign Investments on Total Output: Kyrgyzstan Case." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.01998.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to investigate the impact of foreign debt and foreign direct investments on GDP in Kyrgyzstan. Annual data for the period 1995-2016 and the ARDL cointegration approach were used in the study to analyze the relationship between foreign debt, foreign direct investment and gross domestic product. As a result, it was found a cointegration relation between foreign direct investment and GDP. According to the coefficient value, a $1 increase in foreign direct investments leads to a $4.4 increase in total output in the long run. That is, the increase in foreign direct investments makes a significant contribution to the country’s economy and welfare level. On the other hand, we could not find any statistically significant effect of external debt on total output. From the results obtained in the study, it is proposed that the government should give more importance to foreign direct investments than external debt in foreign resource selection. It is obvious that more effective steps should be taken in attracting domestic and foreign private capital to infrastructure investments such as roads and dams, especially by using “public private cooperation” methods.