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Journal articles on the topic 'Foreign authors'
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Pristavko, Kseniya Vladimirovna. "Teaching a foreign language in terms of inclusion." Педагогика и просвещение, no. 1 (January 2023): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.1.37316.
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The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the actual problem of teaching a foreign language to people with disabilities in inclusive education. The article also presents the author's view on overcoming the main difficulties associated with teaching a foreign language to people with disabilities. The authors considered: the main legislative acts regulating inclusive education; the main periods of the development of inclusion in European countries. The authors also considered the main differences between the two learning systems: inclusion and integration; the most relevant problems of learning LOVZ in the conditions of inclusion; solutions to these problems proposed by other authors of scientific research.Based on the conducted research, the authors made the following conclusions: inclusive education is one of the strongest of the modern trends in education, due to the change of views on disability and human rights in general; the goal of inclusive education is the comprehensive development of a person with disabilities, his socialization and realization of his potential in society, as well as providing opportunities for academic and professional mobility for LOVZ. The author's contribution in this article is to summarize the results obtained by other researchers. The authors have deduced concrete steps to solve the existing difficulties, as well as proposed their own solutions to the existing difficulties.
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Kokhanova, Lyudmila A., and Huang M. Tianenzi. "Project training of foreign students: authors' experience." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 24, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2019-24-3-554-562.
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The article summarizes the authors' experience in the organization of project training and its essential components (concept, tasks and characteristics). The authors consider the experience of teaching specialized journalism courses for foreign undergraduates of the Faculty of Journalism at Lomonosov Moscow State University. Following the results of several training projects and analysis of participants' profiles, the authors draw conclusions about the prospects of the project form of training journalists: it meets the demands of the media industry in terms of digitalization and ensures personal development. The development of project-based learning is evidence of a paradigm shift in teaching: from the culture of utility, functionality to the culture of dignity and integrative presence.
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Lakits, Adalbert, Rupert Prokesch, and Alexander Bankier. "MRI for metallic foreign bodies?: authors’ reply." Ophthalmology 106, no. 7 (July 1999): 1233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(99)10097-6.
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Zefinescu, Carmen Veronica, Marian Cătălin Voica, and Panait Mirela. "Foreign Direct Investment." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 8, no. 2 (April 2019): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2019040103.
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The world economy is in constant change, the action of multiple forces is sometimes divergent. Transnational corporations and foreign direct investment (FDI) are one of the most important forces contributing to the remodeling of the world economy and host countries. In this article, the authors focused their analysis on the factors favoring the attraction of FDI by the host countries and the motivation of the transnational companies to investment abroad. In the final part of the article, the authors analyzed the flows of FDI for the period 2000-2014. The objectives of this article are to detect changes that have been made to companies' determinants to invest abroad and the evolution of FDI flows, given the period of global economic crises.
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Cook, A. "Foreign travels." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 53, no. 3 (September 22, 1999): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.1999.0082.
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Entering a new millennium the state of the public understanding of science is, and will continue to be, a key to the human condition; stories of the past may help to deepen it. In that hope we intend to mark the end of the present millennium in September 2000 or the start of the new one in January 2001 by an issue with millennial contributions, the choice of date depending on how rapidly potential authors respond to these hints.
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Weinrich, Harald, Marshall Brown, and Jane K. Brown. "Chamisso, Chamisso Authors, and Globalization." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 119, no. 5 (October 2004): 1336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900101798.
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The man. Harald Weinrich, an honorary member of the modern language association since 1996, may be the quintessential interdisciplinary humanist. Having mastered French as a young internee in France at the end of World War II, he began his academic career as a Romance philologist in the tradition of Erich Auerbach and Ernst Robert Curtius, with professorships successively at the universities of Kiel and Cologne. In a second career he became a professor of linguistics at the new University of Bielefeld (which he helped to found and where he served as director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research); then he established in Munich the first program for the teaching of German as a foreign language. Following his compulsory retirement, he received the honor (extraordinary for a foreigner) of an appointment as professor of Romance studies at the prestigious Collège de France, from which he is now also retired. He has published writing of great scholarly and public resonance in all these areas. Among his voluminous output (translated into many languages) are Tempus, a wide-ranging and meticulously nuanced study of tense use in the major literatures of Western Europe; a prizewinning short book of cultural linguistics entitled Linguistik der Lüge (Linguistics of Lying); “text grammars” of French and of German that aim to record not just morphology and syntax but also the usage problems that confront speakers and writers of all foreign languages; Lethe: Kunst und Kritik des Vergessens (Lethe: The Art and Critique of Forgetting, his first book to appear in English) and much other work on cultural topics, including memory and politeness; and dozens of essays on the teaching and learning of languages and on problems of intercultural understanding.
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ALYIEVA, A., and I. OSTAPCHUK. "CORPORAL LINGUISTICS IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES." Current issues of linguistics and translations studies, no. 27 (April 27, 2023): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2023-27-1.
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The article is devoted to the study of the role of corpus linguistics in the teaching of foreign languages, in particular English. It defines the main aspects of corpus linguistics, considers the corpus approach as a method of teaching foreign languages, its advantages and disadvantages, gives a brief history of corpus linguistics as a branch of linguistics, and gives examples of possible tasks based on linguistic corpora. The article presents the tasks of the corpus approach, which are related to the teaching of foreign languages, its main characteristics, which determine its reliability and validity, are indicated. By analyzing researches on corpus linguistics, the authors summarized the typology of corpora. The article substantiates the expediency of using the corpus approach in teaching a foreign language in higher educational institutions. The authors established that the use of corpora in the work of students with the involvement of the inductive method contributes to the students’ awareness of the main language patterns and the development of linguistic intuition, while the study material is authentic texts. The authors revealed the possibility of using a direct and indirect corpus approach in the formation of lexical and grammatical skills of students. Thus, the direct use of this method may involve the teaching of corpus linguistics to university students as a purely academic subject, the performance of certain tasks or exercises using concordance programs, and the implementation of individual research projects of students. The indirect corpus approach includes material development and language testing. The article contains information about special software that can be used to implement training on the main types of tasks that can be offered on the basis of these programs.
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Polovina, Nereida, and Ken Peasnell. "The effect of foreign management and board membership on the performance of foreign acquired Turkish banks." International Journal of Managerial Finance 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 359–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-06-2014-0086.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of appointing foreign directors on the foreign acquired Turkish banks. Based on the developments in the Turkish banking system and the distinctive features of the Turkish market, the authors examine the appointment of foreign directors in three different levels: as a CEO, chairman and board member. The authors analyse how the appointments of foreign directors in each of these three levels affects the profitability and strategies of foreign acquired banks. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use the difference-in-difference (DID) model where the authors compare two groups: foreign acquired banks vs domestic banks for a five-year period. By applying the DID model, the authors aim to remove the time invariant individual characteristics of the banks that could be due to the permanent differences between the two groups, as well as biases from comparisons over time that could be due to trends. Findings – The authors find that the presence of the foreign chairman has a positive effect on the profitability of the foreign acquired bank and on the improvement of the income generated from interest activities, indicating that foreign chairman improves the monitoring of board of directors and brings new skills and experiences. Furthermore, foreign acquired banks are associated with an increase in the income generated from non-interest activities in the fifth year following their acquisitions, showing the introduction of new strategies. The change of the foreign acquired bank’s strategies in the fifth year after acquisition also suggests that it takes time to implement new strategies in a new environment. Originality/value – Though the effects of foreign board membership on bank’s performance have been previously discussed in literature, this study differentiates in that it distinguishes among different positions, e.g. chairman or CEO when examining the effect of a foreign director on a foreign acquired bank’s performance. In addition, the use of foreign acquired Turkish banks in the sample in this context adds to the general academic literature.
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Ostapenko, Roman I. "Strategies for attracting foreign authors to a new journal." Economic Consultant 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46224/ecoc.2021.4.3.
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A lot of newly established periodicals aiming at international recognition face the problem of finding foreign editors and authors of articles. It is more difficult for periodicals that are not included in respected databases to compete in attracting new authors with more reputable ones. There are quite a few recommendations for promoting a journal in order to involve potential authors who want to submit their articles to the journal. However, practical experience suggests that it is quite a challenge to involve foreign authors. In attracting high-quality materials, it is necessary to employ a multi-faceted approach to the development of a periodical concerning the following issues: the website of the journal; its content; cooperation with authors; use of external resources. It is vital to revise the duties of the editorial board members, who prepare up-to-date reviews in related areas and journal headings that cover a range of issues concerning an international audience or trigger a scientific dialogue among overseas authors.
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Ostapenko, Roman. "How can a newly established journal attract foreign authors?" Economic Consultant 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.46224/ecoc.2021.3.1.
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The geographical diversity of the origin of both editorial staff and authors is one of the crucial criteria in the selection of journals for international recognized databases (Scopus, Web of Science, etc.). The established world-class scientific journals, as a rule, have their own readership, regular authors, and attract new ones due to their own high indicators (Hirsch index, quartile, etc.). Many newly established periodicals aiming at international recognition face the issues of finding foreign editors and authors. It is more difficult for the journals that are not included in recognized databases to compete with more recognized ones in attracting new authors. As a result of evaluations of journals, the members of the Scopus Content Selection & Advisory Board (CSAB) indicate that journals need to significantly expand their international reach in terms of authorship and academic influence. They recommend them to consider publishing more articles in English and to attract more respected authors from other countries. The recommendation is undoubtedly valuable, but the question arises: how to attract foreign authors? In fact, the targeted e-mail distribution as a tool for finding authors and increasing publication activity is poorly effective, since authors are mainly interested in recognized journals indexed in international scientometric databases. Another recommendation from the expert is that it will be helpful if the published articles cover a wider range of research topics and issues that may directly affect an international audience. As N.V. Kirillova rightly notes: “no scientific work can be started without preliminary study and analysis of research carried out earlier on the chosen topic or taking place at present. The results of such an analysis of publications on the topic of research are reflected directly in scientific articles and published in the form of independent systematic reviews.”[1] In conjunction with the foregoing, it is important to reconsider the duties of the members of the editorial board as the direct authors of the newly established journal, who could, for example, on the instructions of the editor-in-chief write up-to-date reviews on the relevant problems and headings of the journal. Published articles can be sent directly to foreign authors, which are cited by the authors who are members of the editorial board. Alternatively, this can induce foreign authors to a scientific dialogue, and, possibly, to publish articles in a newly established journal.
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Blair, Robert A., and Philip Roessler. "Foreign Aid and State Legitimacy." World Politics 73, no. 2 (March 16, 2021): 315–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004388712000026x.
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ABSTRACTWhat are the effects of foreign aid on the perceived legitimacy of recipient states? Different donors adhere to different rules, principles, and operating procedures. The authors theorize that variation in these aid regimes may generate variation in the effects of aid on state legitimacy. To test their theory, they compare aid from the United States to aid from China, its most prominent geopolitical rival. Their research design combines within-country analysis of original surveys, survey experiments, and behavioral games in Liberia with cross-country analysis of existing administrative and Afrobarometer data from six African countries. They exploit multiple proxies for state legitimacy, but focus in particular on tax compliance and morale. Contrary to expectations, the authors find little evidence to suggest that exposure to aid diminishes the legitimacy of African states. If anything, the opposite appears to be true. Their results are consistent across multiple settings, multiple levels of analysis, and multiple measurement and identification strategies, and are unlikely to be artifacts of sample selection, statistical power, or the strength or weakness of particular experimental treatments. The authors conclude that the effects of aid on state legitimacy at the microlevel are largely benign.
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Samusenko, S. A. "Modern managerial accounting theories in works by foreign authors." International Accounting 20, no. 12 (June 28, 2017): 705–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ia.20.12.705.
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Rose, Marilyn Gaddis. "Foreign Words: Translator-Authors in the Age of Goethe." Comparative Literature Studies 44, no. 3 (January 1, 2007): 365–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/complitstudies.44.3.0365.
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Pokotylo, Pavlo. "TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES BY DISTANCE EDUCATION: SOME PECULIARITIES Authors." Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice 75, no. 2 (2023): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2023.2.5.
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The aim of the review is it to highlight some of basic key points of online educational tools. Name some of possible problems and their solutions that teacher can deal with during educational flow. Provide basic features of tools designed for online education considering certain positions we outline. The article is to describe some of most useful functions, their possible integration into curriculum and practical peculiarities of their use. Make some predictions of problems and conflicts that might occur during online education with stated tools limit use. The author gives a suggestion that it is relevant to use learner-centered, approach. Feedback should be fast, provide the teacher with the details and have a system. It is a key to the success. The way to the student heart and mind and therefore better comprehension though a modern technology makes learning more successful. This is possible with the use of the modern technologies. Modern technologies are attention grabbing, user friendly and flexible. With use of modern technologies better results in understanding, team work as well as getting students interested in the study and attract their attention. The author claims that flexibility is the basic point for online learning correlation and functional establishment.
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Beresten, Olena Y., and Oleksandr O. Pliushchai. "GROUP WORK AT A FOREIGN LANGUAGE LESSON." Bulletin of Alfred Nobel University Series "Pedagogy and Psychology" 2, no. 22 (2021): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2522-4115-2021-2-22-20.
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The article is devoted to the topic of group work in a foreign language lesson. Before proceeding to the methodological developments, the authors focused on the analysis of domestic researchers’ publications on this issue. This list includes such authors as M. Bytyanova, Yu.V. Buzova, S.G. Dobrynina, L.A. Kozakova, O. Kondratyuk, O.V. Chikhanova, T.L. Shepelenko. The authors of the article agree with the researcher L.A. Kozakova who states that pair and group work significantly increase the volume and duration of foreign language speech, because students speak at the same time. Indeed, with a large number of students, it is very important to give each student an opportunity to participate in all kinds of work in the classroom. It is group work that enhances the language acquisition process. According to the researcher O. Kondratyuk, only the joint work of the group should be evaluated, without giving students who worked together different grades. The teacher should write down the mistakes of students and then, after listing the good aspects of group work, focus on the main mistakes. The researcher Bytyanova considered the principles of grouping. She emphasizes that only with the correct selection of groups, students begin to respect the opinion of a classmate, cultivate tolerance and tact. The scientist S.G. Dobrynina says that group work is suitable for tasks that require a great amount of work, a variety of knowledge and skills, develop creative thinking, their content is interesting and informative, the level of complexity is average or higher than average. Thus, the authors of the article have developed a number of tasks designed for students learning German at the A2 level. The purpose of these tasks is to revise the grammar learnt at the A1 level and to introduce new vocabulary. The authors offer the first task to meet new members of the group. The originality of the task is to use music as a time limit. The next task developed by the authors is a game of hide-and-seek: one group hides various objects in the class and the other looks for them, training the grammatical material, local prepositions in this case. The next game “quartet” can be adapted to any lexical material, but the authors have devoted it to kitchen utensils. Finally, the authors developed a step-by-step work on the text, which includes frontal, group and individual work. The authors made the following conclusions: group work contributes to students’ collaboration; adds mobility to the lesson; students constantly communicate with each other in the form of a dialogue; passive students are actively involved in work; group work diversifies the learning process.
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Finnegan, Carol, Seng-Su Tsang, George Woodward, and Jean Chang. "Foreign retail banner longevity." International Marketing Review 36, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 887–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-01-2018-0036.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a robust examination of the factors that accelerate/decelerate the divestment timing of retail banners in international markets. Design/methodology/approach The sample represents 3,235 foreign market banner operations of 132 international retailers across 144 countries using an accelerated failure time (AFT) parametric survival modelling technique. Findings Banner divestment is accelerated by both weak financial performance and smaller size. Furthermore, there is a synergistic negative detriment to the combination of both factors on divestment. Banner divestment is decelerated by deploying the corporation’s dominant format in the home country. Moreover, inadequately performing dominant banners are allowed more time to turn around their operations than subpar non-dominant banners. Concurrently, when host country markets are growing, poorly performing dominant banners are given more time to improve performance. When home market performance weakens, smaller, poorly performing banner divestment is accelerated. Research limitations/implications The large data set covers more than half of the world so the authors are limited to observing corporate divestments without the benefit of the managerial decision-making process. The authors only have access to divestment data in annual units, which limits the ability to provide precise timing information. Though the authors have a wide variation in country conditions, data on smaller, poorer countries and domestic competitors is limited. Practical implications Small, poorly performing retail chains in foreign markets are divested faster than their counterparts. When retailers internationalize with their dominant chains, management tends to give these banners more time to succeed than non-dominant counterparts. Evidence also suggests that managers hesitate to withdrawal from a foreign market when the dominant banner is involved, regardless of a chain’s stunted growth and subpar performance. Originality/value This study provides the first examination of factors driving the divestment times of international retail chains using rigorous empirical survival time methodologies.
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Liu, Gordon, Meng-Shan Sharon Wu, Wai Wai Ko, Cheng-Hao Steve Chen, and Yantai Chen. "Cause-related marketing." International Marketing Review 37, no. 4 (September 25, 2019): 713–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-04-2019-0114.
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Purpose Cause-related marketing (CRM) focuses on the use of marketing tools to publicize a firm’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. Drawing on legitimacy theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of CRM-led CSR in international business-to-business (B2B) markets. In particular, the authors examine the relationship between supplier CRM-led philanthropic CSR reputation and foreign customer business engagement in an international B2B setting. The authors also test how the foreign customer’s host-country sustainable development level moderates this relationship. Design/methodology/approach The authors collect and analyze dyadic data from multiple sources including: dyadic data from a supplier and its 90 foreign customers; the supplier’s internal company records; and publically available data. Findings The authors find that supplier CRM-led philanthropic CSR reputation positively affects foreign customer business engagement. Furthermore, the authors find that this positive relationship is stronger when host-country environments are characterized by achieving higher level of environmental well-being development. In contrast, this positive relationship is weaker when the foreign customer host-country environment is characterized by achieving higher level of economic well-being development. Originality/value The authors examine that impacts of CRM-led CSR in international B2B markets and differentiate the contingent roles of foreign customer host-country sustainable development in moderating such impacts.
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Litvinov, Aleksandr Victorovich, and Stanislav Leonidovich Bukovsky. "Creative thinking as methodical category of foreign language learning." SHS Web of Conferences 127 (2021): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112701019.
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This article is devoted to the development and improvement of the creative thinking approach of foreign language learning, namely speaking process. In that sense, the authors of the given article consider creative thinking as method and technique of foreign language learning and means of communicative competence development. The authors also describe the estimation system of the given method and its content in a form of methodical algorithm and theoretical principles of foreign language learning using creative thinking as an approach. The aim of the given article to develop a new approach for better development of foreign language communication, especially in skills of speaking, to be based on unique thinking as a technique in learning. The authors of the given article also developed and presented notion called “creativization” as methodical and theoretical category in foreign language learning process comprising some theoretical aspects of the given foreign language learning approach including its own specifics and conceptual points described in the given article. Creativization is also described by the authors of the given article as a technique in foreign language learning especially concerning speaking. The notion “creativization” presents concept ideas and basic principles of creative thinking approach in foreign language learning in a form of several methodical principles and theoretical aspects.
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Driffield, Nigel, Kai Sun, and Yama Temouri. "Investigating the link between foreign ownership and firm performance – an endogenous threshold approach." Multinational Business Review 26, no. 3 (September 17, 2018): 277–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-12-2017-0102.
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PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between foreign ownership and firm performance, using an approach which the authors show is more advanced than existing methods, and more aligned with accepted theory and conceptual frameworks developed in international business. The authors demonstrate that simply relying on a binary distinction between foreign and domestic firms ignores much of the information regarding the importance of ownership structure and is disconnected from the wider literature on ownership structure, motivations for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors illustrate this by using a threshold estimation method to endogenously uncover the level of foreign ownership up to which the transfer of foreign firm advantage from the parent company to the affiliate is the strongest.FindingsThe results show that for Germany, Poland, Italy and the UK, there are significantly different thresholds of foreign ownership over the period, 2001-2010. Due to non-linearities and different thresholds, the authors argue that before one can entertain secondary considerations concerning foreign firm impact on host countries, one needs to apply the appropriate approach.Originality/valueThis is the first paper that uses an endogenous threshold approach on a large firm level data set to show that there are significant differences and non-linearities in the relationship between foreign ownership and productivity.
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Goldsmith, Benjamin E., and Yusaku Horiuchi. "In Search of Soft Power: Does Foreign Public Opinion Matter for US Foreign Policy?" World Politics 64, no. 3 (June 27, 2012): 555–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887112000123.
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Does “soft power” matter in international relations? Specifically, when the United States seeks cooperation from countries around the world, do the views of their publics about US foreign policy affect the actual foreign policy behavior of these countries? The authors examine this question using multinational surveys covering fifty-eight countries, combined with information about their foreign policy decisions in 2003, a critical year for the US. They draw their basic conceptual framework from Joseph Nye, who uses various indicators of opinion about the US to assess US soft power. But the authors argue that his theory lacks the specificity needed for falsifiable testing. They refine it by focusing on foreign public opinion about US foreign policy, an underemphasized element of Nye's approach. Their regression analysis shows that foreign public opinion has a significant and large effect on troop commitments to the war in Iraq, even after controlling for various hard power factors. It also has significant, albeit small, effects on policies toward the International Criminal Court and on voting decisions in the UN General Assembly. These results support the authors' refined theoretical argument about soft power: public opinion about US foreign policy in foreign countries does affect their policies toward the US, but this effect is conditional on the salience of an issue for mass publics.
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Mondal, Dhiman, and Arabinda Maity. "Foreign Authorship Pattern in Selected Library and Information Science Journals of India." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 39, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.39.1.13691.
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Foreign authorship pattern to three leading Indian library and information science (LIS) journals during 2008 to 2017 has been examined to identify the acceptability and popularity of Indian LIS journals among foreign authors. The present study investigates the authorship pattern in terms of different aspects like journals, years, collaborations, prolific authors, countries, research areas, cited papers and citations. It is found that in last 10 year the three LIS journals publish total 186 foreign authored article having total 1267 citation and two-authored papers are predominant. Besides, the authors from Nigeria share maximum articles followed by USA. It is recommended that the Indian LIS authors need to emphasis more on international collaboration to output more foreign authored contributions in national level journals to enrich journals literature.
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Kochetova, Natalya Gennadyevna, and Sergey Aleksandrovich Stroykov. "Development of professional competencies of students, majoring in «Pedagogical education» («Primary education» and «Foreign Language»)." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201871308.
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The following paper considers development of professional competencies of students, majoring in Pedagogical education (Primary education and Foreign Language). The authors analyze legal regulations to teacher training and correlate demands to the teacher that are enumerated in federal state educational standard of general secondary education, in federal state educational standard of higher education and in the professional standard Teacher. The paper also contains Primary Education Department experience of professional competencies development. Based on the example of Professional Competence 4 development the authors introduce its components characteristics as well as diagnostic methods of this professional competence development. The authors note that it is necessary to develop special professional competencies of students, majoring in Pedagogical education (Primary education and Foreign Language). Based on the example of Special Professional Competence (Foreign Language) 2 the authors introduce its components characteristics. The paper also contains problems that Primary Education Department and Foreign Languages Department face while developing professional competencies of students, majoring in Pedagogical education (Primary education and Foreign Language).
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Almutairi, Ali R., and Majdi Anwar Quttainah. "Foreign directors and corporate governance in Islamic banks." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 11, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 765–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-07-2017-0104.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether foreign directors’ influence on opportunistic behavior among managers varies between Islamic banks (IBs) and conventional banks (CBs). It also examines how religious ethics and morals guide foreign directors to be better monitors. Design/methodology/approach A panel fixed effects regression is used to analyze the effect of foreign directors on opportunistic behavior among managers in IBs and CBs. The authors use different proxies such as loss avoidance, discretionary loan loss provision and expense preference behavior to measure management opportunistic behavior. Findings Based on sample of 3,758 bank-year observations for 164 banks over the period 1993-2015, the authors show that the presence of foreign directors in IBs increases boards’ effectiveness in impeding management opportunistic behavior, whereas the presence of foreign directors in CBs reduces boards’ effectiveness in curbing management’s unethical acts. The authors also document that IBs (CBs) with foreign directors demonstrate less (more) earnings management and expense-preference behavior among managers. In addition, the authors’ evidence indicates that the existence of the Shari’ah supervisory boards helps foreign directors be more effective monitors. Research limitations/implications The current study focuses on banks only which makes its results subject to sample bias; there are many other forms of financial institutions (e.g. investments, real-estates and mutual funds) complying to the Shari’ah law. Second, owing to the lack of foreign board directors characteristics, the authors cannot investigate the intensity of the specific characteristics that could have specific directions in affecting managerial behavior. Practical implications The findings in this paper may help standards-setters, auditors, investors and regulators take appropriate measures and create better policies that reduce managers’ discretion. This could in turn improve information transparency decision-making, monitoring, advising and accounting quality. Originality/value The authors’ theoretical framework combines the agency, contingency, resource-dependence, stewardship and stakeholders’ theories and applies them to Shari’ah as an alternative ethical and internal governance mechanism. The authors find that the impact of foreign directors on management opportunistic behavior depends on the corporate religious norms within boards of directors, in particular, suggesting that religious values affect how foreign directors influence bank managers’ behavior.
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Farysenkova, Lyubov V., and Elnura I. Zhellali. "Forming a methodical thesaurus of a foreign author of a manual on Russian as a foreign language." Russian Language Studies 18, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 422–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2020-18-4-422-438.
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The article aims at investigating the specifics of the modern practice of training foreign authors of Russian as a foreign language (RFL) textbooks and identifying the prospects for the formation of a professional thesaurus of this group on the basis of modern educational technologies. This issue is really relevant, since, as it is shown in the article, there are currently almost no methodological studies and manuals addressed to this group of trainees. At the same time, practice shows that foreign colleagues are in urgent need of diverse methodological support from Russian methodologists. The paper shows that in 1970-1980-s, when such support was purposefully implemented, modern textbooks on RFL were created in foreign countries, which contributed to the Russian language spreading in Europe, Asia and Africa. The research materials were textbooks on the Russian language for foreigners, which marked a certain stage in teaching methods of RFL development. The authors of the article rely on general scientific theoretical research methods: comparative analysis of available sources of information, comparative analysis of the conceptual system of the topic under research, synthesis of their own points of view (or positions), based on the analysis of various ways of solving the problem. The article resulted in the proposed topic of training and consulting materials for potential foreign authors of RFL textbooks, which are supposed to be based on the developed electronic platform, as well as the introduction of materials of the round table Designing a communicative textbook of RFL into the system of professional training and advanced training. The authors concluded that potential foreign authors of RFL textbooks are currently in urgent need of systematic scientific and methodological support. In this regard, it is recommended to intensify work with this contingent, using the potential of domestic methodological research, both classic and modern.
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Gargalianou, Vasiliki, Diemo Urbig, and Arjen van Witteloostuijn. "Cooperating or competing in three languages: cultural accommodation or alienation?" Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 24, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 167–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-01-2016-0008.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of using foreign languages on cooperative behavior in a prisoner’s dilemma setting. The cultural accommodation hypothesis suggests that people are less cooperative in English, associated with the Anglophone cultural cluster, than in French, which is – as is Belgium – associated with the more cooperative Latin European cultural cluster. Design/methodology/approach Choices are framed as pricing strategies in the context of duopolistic competition. In total, 422 Flemish-Belgium participants with English and French as foreign and Dutch as their native language played in one of three language treatments. Findings While the authors observe differences between the native and both foreign languages, which are moderated by gender, the authors do not find any difference in effects between the two foreign languages that are associated with different cultures. Extending cultural accommodation arguments, the data suggests an effect specific to the use of the two selected foreign languages. Originality/value The authors contribute to this literature by reporting an experimental test of cultural accommodation and alienation effects related to two foreign languages. The authors explore novel arguments, related to cognitive psychology and gender effects.
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Daurenkyzy, Ayana, Kulyash Duisekova, and Maral Syzdykova. "AN INVESTIGATION INTO CURRENT CONDITION OF THE FORMATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFESSIONAL-COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCIES IN ONLINE EDUCATIONAL FORMAT (IN THE SAMPLE OF NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITIES)." Higher Education in Kazakhstan 46, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.59787/2413-5488-2024-46-2-14-24.
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This article is written to determine the peculiarities of formation of foreign language professional-communicative competencies of the non-linguistic university students in online education. The authors scrutinize the key aspects of professional-communicative competencies in foreign language based on the earliest investigations provided by foreign and Kazakhstani scholars and on the results of the questionnaire. Moreover, the authors emphasized the significance of online education in the formation of professional-communicative competencies in foreign languages on the basis of the monitor and report, made by National Center for Higher Education Development. However, authors claim that the challenges persist in some Kazakhstani universities, including non-linguistic ones. Despite the universities have utilized the platform to offer massive open online courses, they still face issues related to methodological and technological aspects of online education implementation. Thus, the authors demonstrate the overview on the procedure of integration of online lessons, especially, for the development of foreign language professsional-communicative competencies in agrarian universities. In this regard, the research was carried out among 200 students and teaching staff of the S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University to identify the current condition of foreign language professional-communicative competencies formation in online education.
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Vinnikova, Мarina N., Nina P. Soboleva, Elena V. Venidiktova, Elmira Robertovna Khairullina, and Aziza Salavatovna Nasretdinova. "Professional competence of foreign language." Laplage em Revista 6, Extra-A (December 14, 2020): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-a560p.75-80.
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The article is devoted to the consideration of the relevance and analysis of the formation of the professional competence of a foreign language teacher. This is due to the modern socio-cultural conditions, new educational standards, and the ever-increasing requirements for the process of teaching foreign languages. The term "professional competence" is considered using an integrated methodology, which includes theoretical and empirical research methods. The authors have concluded that the professional competence of a foreign language teacher is a complex of various skills and abilities facilitating effective cooperation between the teacher and students in certain professional situations. Furthermore, the authors see the solutions to these problems, the creation of a flexible and mobile system of advanced training and the search for more effective forms of interaction between educational institutions, methodological services, and professional associations of teachers for purposeful continuous pedagogical education of teachers of a foreign language.
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Butko, Alexander A. "Foreign Guide to Vietnam." Russian Journal of Vietnamese Studies 7, no. 3-2 (October 2, 2023): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54631/vs.2023.732-568731.
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The review is given to a reference book on modern Vietnam published by the Routledge publishing house (UK), which is a collection of 38 scientific articles by an international team of authors. The book provides a general description of all spheres of life in this dynamically developing country. The reference book will be useful to everyone who studies Vietnam and is interested in the current state of the country.
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Suh, JungHwa, Ho-Young Lee, and Hansol Lee. "The association between foreign directors and opportunistic financial reporting." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 4 (November 8, 2018): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(4).2018.08.
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This study examines the effect of foreign directors in the board of directors on the monitoring function by analyzing the association between foreign directors and opportunistic financial reporting. The authors address this question by examining the effect of the foreign directors in the board on firms’ discretionary accruals and book-tax difference. The researchers analyze by using Korean firm data for the years 2001–2014 as Korea is one of the few countries that nepotism is strong within the board, providing the ideal setting to analyze the effect of foreign directors on the monitoring function of the board. The authors find that foreign directors have a positive effect on the monitoring function of the board, as discretionary accruals and book-tax differences of firms with foreign directors are lower than those without foreign directors. Further, the researchers find that the positive effect of foreign directors on the monitoring function is more pronounced if foreign directors are independent directors or expertise in accounting or finance. Overall, the findings support the view that foreign directors in the board increase the board diversity, which increases the independence of the board and so the monitoring function.
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Bihych, Oksana, and Yelyzaveta Dmytriieva. "Tools for development of Spanish lexical competence." Scientific and methodological journal "Foreign Languages", no. 2 (August 4, 2023): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/1817-8510.2023.2.285388.
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Teaching tools are the required component of the teaching foreign languages and cultures system in high educational institutions. The authors of this article offer to complete the current typology of teaching foreign language and culture tools with the help of two more groups. The lexical competence that is one of the components of foreign language communicative competence still remains the target to develop at various levels of foreign language learning. The authors of this article perform an analytical review of modern tools that can form lexical competence for prospective Spanish teachers, mainly at the stage of introducing new lexical units to students. Some illustrative material is provided by teaching tools offered by the authors of didactic materials posted on professional blogs which are aimed on teaching Spanish as a foreign language, as well as tools created by the co-author of this article, Prof. Bihych O. The authors also analyze the implementation of gamification as a new trend in the educational process in didactic materials of Spanish methodologists.
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Petersson Ivre, Joel, and Eugene Lee. "Making It Personal? A Comparative Study of Institutional Constraints on Foreign Policy in Russia and China." Central European Journal of International and Security Studies 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51870/cejiss.a140302.
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By treating militarism and personalism as institutional constraints on foreign policy, this article examines the role and influence of these constraints on the foreign policies of Russia and China. By looking at empirical evidence the authors argue that domestic institutional constraints in each country have exhibited distinctly different patterns throughout the last twenty years, and this can to some extent explain the difference in their respective foreign policies. However, institutional personalism in China has recently become more similar to that of Russia. The authors argue that current Russian foreign policy bears some elements of similarity suggesting future developments in Chinese foreign policy.
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Toader, Corneliu, Alina Oprea, Olivia Ştefan, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Mircea Drăghici, and Mioriţa Toader. "Diagnosis and treatment of esophageal foregin bodies in children." Romanian Medical Journal 63, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2016.1.16.
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Esophageal foregin bodies are a common finding in the pediatric population. Even though the great majority passes spontaneously, a small part of them can stop at different esophageal levels resulting in occlusions which could complicate with perforations. In 75% of cases, esophageal foreign bodies stop at the anatomical esophageal strictures. The authors present an observational retrospective study performed on a cohort of 49 children who have been hospitalized for esophageal foreign bodies on the ENT Department of Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, during January 2012 and December 2013. The cohort was formed of 22 girls and 27 boys with age ranging from 9 months to 17 years. The main foreign bodies identified were coins and food.
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Albaum, Gerald, and David K. Tse. "Adaptation of International Marketing Strategy Components, Competitive Advantage, and Firm Performance: A Study of Hong Kong Exporters." Journal of International Marketing 9, no. 4 (December 2001): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jimk.9.4.59.19943.
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The authors examine how firms adapt different components of their marketing strategies in foreign markets compared with their domestic market and how such adaptation decisions influence the firms' competitive positions and performance in foreign markets. The authors conceptualize that adaptation of a marketing-mix component is a purposeful process that is influenced by a firm's past adaptation strategy, and they investigate the importance of that marketing-mix component to the firm's success. The authors propose that the adaptation process helps define a firm's competitive advantage, which in turn affects its performance in the foreign market. The authors develop hypotheses and propositions and test them with a sample of 183 export firms in Hong Kong.
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Allahverdiyeva, Vafa. "Innovative productive method of teaching foreign languages to foreign students." Multidisciplinary Science Journal 5 (May 6, 2023): 2023029. http://dx.doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2023029.
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This article describes an innovative productive method of teaching foreign languages foreign students. Increase quantity foreign students in Azerbaijan in recent years has led to changes in the content and structure of learning foreign languages. Communicative competence in the conditions of multilingualism becomes basis fundamental professional training foreign students. In this regard, a productive method of teaching foreign languages allows you to systematize the methodological foundations of integrated language learning by foreign students. In addition, the study of foreign languages based on the basic principles of productive method provides creative development and self-realization of students, reinforced with the help of the developed linguodidactic method of the Personal Multilingual Portfolio (PMP). An analysis of modern educational standards of higher education allows us to conclude that there is a trend towards a practical orientation. This methodological the direction determines the introduction of productive learning in the field of teaching foreign languages, providing a high quality of education. The article reveals the content of this linguodidactic technology in the system of professional training of foreign students. The article shows theoretical and practical methodological Aspects learning foreign languages foreign students, having a low level of knowledge of the Azerbaijani language and an average or low English proficiency level. To test this technology, the authors conducted an ex.periment using the methods of scientific and pedagogical research. AT result It was found out what English, Azerbaijani and native languages can interact and correlate with each other another in the process of learning foreign languages. The authors determined the dynamics formation communicative competence students, including linguistic and discursive aspects. The results of the experiment showed the effectiveness of the developed PMF technology and its successful implementation in training process.
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Preston, Teresa. "A Look Back: The U.S. foreign language problem, as covered in Kappan." Phi Delta Kappan 101, no. 5 (January 27, 2020): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721720903820.
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In this monthly Kappan column, Teresa Preston shares a sampling of what past Kappan authors have written about foreign language instruction U.S. schools. Although it is not a topic that has appeared frequently in Kappan, concern about a lack of such instruction goes back at least as far as the 1930s. Although authors have generally agreed about the need for more foreign language study, disputes have emerged about which languages to study and what methods are most effective for teaching foreign languages. Authors have, however, agreed that language study should start earlier than it generally does.
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Kulamikhina, Irina Valentinovna, Nataliya Vladimorovna Kanunnikova, Elena Aleksandrovna Golubovskaya, and Nadezhda Rashitovna Arupova. "Assessment of generic competences for foreign-language professional communication through applying the ADDIE model." Science for Education Today 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/2658-6762.2402.01.
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Introduction. The paper aims to assess generic competencies for foreign-language professional communication formed through applying the ADDIE model. The goal of the study was to identify the way generic competencies are developed throughout the ESL course for veterinary students based on the authors’ implementation of the ADDIE model. Materials and Methods. The research was based on theoretical review of literature, comparative analysis of sources, terminological analysis, and investigation of teaching practices. The ADDIE method of instructional modeling was used as a fundamental research approach taken to designing a teaching aid and developing a training course, respectively. While testing, a sample of 59 first-year veterinary students and 5 lecturers of the Foreign Language Department at Omsk State Agrarian University were involved. In order to collect and study the research data, the authors applied the following evaluation methods: observation, survey and testing of students. The academic outcomes were evaluated by examining dynamics of foreign language communicative competence by expert teachers. The Wilcoxon T-test and Fisher test were used as mathematical statistics methods. Results. The authors applied the ADDIE instructional model to design a professional communication course in English for veterinary students based on competency-based approach. The materials were delivered during the 2022-23 academic year. The learning outcomes demonstrated by participants in the control and experimental groups proved the effectiveness of the author's teaching procedure in the formation of generic competencies for foreign language professional communication, the validity of which was confirmed using mathematical statistics methods. Conclusions. The proposed technology for designing a foreign language course based on the ADDIE model has demonstrated its effectiveness in the development of generic competencies for foreign-language professional communication, which was confirmed by more pronounced positive dynamics in the experimental group.
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Gureev, Vadim, Nikolay Mazov, and Dmitry Metelkin. "Some Reasons for the Russian Authors Transition to Foreign Journals." Science Management: Theory and Practice 4, no. 3 (September 26, 2022): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2022.4.3.2.
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Aiming to increase Russian journals’ authority and enhance their readership, and consequently, journals’ rankings, detection of reasons for Russian authors’ transition to foreign journals is important. Recent studies demonstrated that up to one-third of Russian authors orients toward top-tiered foreign serials and do not intend to change their publication preferences. One of the obvious formal reasons is in quantitative indexes used in calculations in research organizations while evaluating the research capacity of their staff. However, external circumstances, as well as the risk of part or full restriction for Russian authors in some toptieredinternational journals lead to obstacles to the fulfillment of previous obligations. Under such conditions increase in the reputation of Russian serials, their compliance with international publishing standards, increase in their bibliometric indexes are of high importance. The paper aims to reveal the main issues caused to force Russian authors to select foreign journals and stop collaborating with domestic serials. Analyses of those reasons are believed to help detect the main vector for the successful development of Russian academic journals.
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Rose, Marilyn Gaddis. "Foreign Words: Translator-Authors in the Age of Goethe (review)." Comparative Literature Studies 44, no. 3 (2007): 365–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cls.2007.0069.
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TYMCHUK, I. M., and S. H. POHORILA. "Formation of communicative activity of foreign students in Ukrainian as a foreign language classes." Higher Education of Ukraine in the Context of Integration to European Educational Space 89, (II) 1 (February 20, 2022): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.38014/osvita.2022.89.23.
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The article reveals the peculiarities of teaching the Ukrainian language to foreign students. Considerable attention is paid to the formation of communicative activity through the use of active forms of work in the student foreign language audience. The authors consider the use of the communicative method as leading in the formation of communicative activity in Ukrainian language classes as a foreign language. Examples of effective forms of work in classes with foreign students while studying the Ukrainian language are given. Ways of formation and development of communicative skills of foreign students on the basis of work with texts are offered. Emphasis is placed on the types of work that involve bothcommunicative and situational tasks, and aims to develop communicative knowledge and skills in the use of different types of learningcommunicative situations. The authors give vivid examples of practical application of different types of work. Creative exercises for thedevelopment of productive monologue and dialogic speech are offered. Particular attention is paid to the use of game situations withthe use of dialogic speech on the examples of studying the topics “Services”, “Acquaintance”, “City”.
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Ahmed, Neveen. "The effect of the financial crisis on the dynamic relation between foreign exchange and stock returns." Journal of Economic Studies 45, no. 5 (October 8, 2018): 994–1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-10-2017-0308.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic relationship between foreign exchange and stock returns. Specifically, the authors examine the impact of the 2008 financial crises on the relation between foreign exchange and stock returns in the MENA region. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine the long-run relation between these two variables using VECM and the authors study the volatility behavior of these two variables using the Dynamic VECH–generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. The sample covers the MENA region over the period 2004–2015. Findings The results indicate a regime shift in three countries: Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco. In addition, the results assert asymmetric relation between stock returns and changes in exchange rates during pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. Modeling the volatility of the foreign exchange and stock return and their covariance using VECH–GARCH suggests that the persistence in volatility is more prominent in the crisis/post-crisis period as compared with the pre-crisis period. Finally, the authors also find more significant results for the persistence parameter in the covariance between stock return and foreign exchange in the crisis/post-crisis period as compared with the pre-crisis period. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the studies by Wong and Li (2010) and Caporale et al. (2014) are the only two that have examined the interaction between stock prices and foreign exchange during the recent financial crisis of 2008. To the authors’ knowledge, none of the previous literature examined the impact of financial 2008 crisis on the relation between foreign exchange and stock prices in the MENA.
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Furman, Anatolii, Anastasiia Bessarab, Iryna Leshchenko, Anastasiia Turubarova, Andriy Hirnyak, and Olha Furman. "Psychological Tools Affecting Increasing Motivation to Learn Two Foreign Languages." Journal of Curriculum and Teaching 11, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jct.v11n1p255.
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The problem of the formation and development of motivation to learn occupies one of the central places in educational institutions. Its relevance is due to the priority areas of development and modernization of education. In the article, the authors analyzed the motivation for learning a foreign language, the factors that affect it. Analysis of the literature revealed two main factors that can increase students' motivation to learn a second foreign language. The authors examined the maximum effectiveness of increasing student motivation to learn a second foreign language as a synergy of three components: the teacher's personality, which can create a safe motivating environment, focusing on other people's culture and the connection between two foreign languages. The authors proposed psychological and methodological tools to increase the motivation of students to learn two foreign languages. A distinctive feature is the synergy of 3 components (personality of the teacher, safe motivating environment and connection between two foreign languages). This toolkit was tested in 2 stages during 2019-2021 and showed its effectiveness.
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Rodríguez, Javier, and Herminio Romero. "Assessing foreign funds geographical focus timing skill." Studies in Economics and Finance 33, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-11-2013-0168.
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Purpose This paper aims to study the market timing skill of USA-based foreign open-end mutual funds in their geographical focus market. Design/methodology/approach The authors use daily fund data and two multi-factor extensions of the Treynor-Mazuy (1966) and Henriksson-Merton (1981) timing models to measure US-based foreign funds’ market timing skill during 1999 to 2010. In particular, the authors study fund managers’ skill to time their geographical focus market. Findings The authors report that, in general, foreign funds do not accurately time their geographical focus market. However, during January 2008 to December 2010, the sub period that includes the 2008 global financial crisis, most foreign funds in this sample not only focused on their domestic market, the USA, but also demonstrated statistically significant, good timing skill. Originality/value Although US-based foreign funds’ market-timing skill is not an unexplored topic, this study is the first to consider these funds’ skill to time their geographical focus market, a skill that has been studied in the context of hedge funds.
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Levina, L. V., and A. I. Levin. "About Discipline “Scientific Communication in Foreign Language” in Postgraduate Studies." Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Linguistics and Pedagogy 13, no. 3 (December 26, 2023): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-151x-2023-13-3-136-146.
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Purpose of research. Nowadays the ability to implement scientific communication in a foreign language is an indicator of university teacher`s professional competence. This determines the relevance of the inclusion of the discipline "Scientific communication in a foreign language" into the curricula of postgraduate studies. The purpose of the research is to determine the role of this discipline regarding postgraduate students` preparation to scientific research.Methods. As a methodological basis, the authors apply the communicative approach involving postgraduate students in oral and written communication in the foreign language. The authors consider the formation of foreign language communicative competence taking into account general methodological principles of foreign language teaching.Results. The results of the research reveal the importance of mastering foreign language skills both in oral and written scientific communication in the context of publishing activities, presentation of research results and participation in scientific conferences. It is noted that knowledge of professional terminology in a foreign language increases the competitiveness of a specialist. The importance of communicative practice is specially noted. The annual round table of postgraduate students "Modern world trends in the development of science and technology" is described as an opportunity to practice public speech in a foreign language.Conclusion. The authors have come to the conclusion that the discipline "Scientific communication in a foreign language" forms the competence of a researcher dealing with the following activities: preparation for publication in a foreign scientific journal; participation in scientific conferences, use of a foreign language in teaching.
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CHITTICK, WILLIAM O., and ANNETTE FREYBERG-INAN. "‘Chiefly for fear, next for honour, and lastly for profit’: an analysis of foreign policy motivation in the Peloponnesian War." Review of International Studies 27, no. 1 (January 2001): 069–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026021050001069x.
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This article applies a three-dimensional framework for the analysis of the role of motivation in foreign policy decision-making to the foreign policy decisions of individuals and cities in Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War. First, the authors briefly introduce their framework for analysis. Using the speeches in Thucydides to explicate the motives and goals of individuals and cities, the authors then trace the relationships between the motivational dispositions of foreign policy actors and their foreign policy behaviour. In so doing, they demonstrate both the relevance of a concern with individual motivation for foreign policy analysis and the usefulness of their analytical framework for studying the impact of the relevant motives. The authors also show how ideological statements can be analysed to determine the relative salience of individual motives and collective goals, suggesting a relationship between ideological reasoning and motivational imbalance which can adversely affect the policymaking process. In conclusion, they briefly assess the theoretical and normative as well as practical policy implications of their observations.
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CHITTICK, WILLIAM O., and ANNETTE FREYBERG-INAN. "‘Chiefly for fear, next for honour, and lastly for profit’: an analysis of foreign policy motivation in the Peloponnesian War." Review of International Studies 27, no. 1 (January 2001): 069–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500010706.
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This article applies a three-dimensional framework for the analysis of the role of motivation in foreign policy decision-making to the foreign policy decisions of individuals and cities in Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War. First, the authors briefly introduce their framework for analysis. Using the speeches in Thucydides to explicate the motives and goals of individuals and cities, the authors then trace the relationships between the motivational dispositions of foreign policy actors and their foreign policy behaviour. In so doing, they demonstrate both the relevance of a concern with individual motivation for foreign policy analysis and the usefulness of their analytical framework for studying the impact of the relevant motives. The authors also show how ideological statements can be analysed to determine the relative salience of individual motives and collective goals, suggesting a relationship between ideological reasoning and motivational imbalance which can adversely affect the policymaking process. In conclusion, they briefly assess the theoretical and normative as well as practical policy implications of their observations.
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KRESAN, Olha, Svitlana SMOLIANINOVA, and Tetiana KRESAN. "Psychological aspects of experiencing war stress by students when learning a foreign language." EUROPEAN HUMANITIES STUDIES: State and Society, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.38014/ehs-ss.2023.1.05.
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The article deals with the psychological aspects of experiencing war stress by the students when learning a foreign language. Teaching students in Ukraine nowadays is associated with a high degree of stress. This especially applies to learning a foreign language, which already involves a certain level of stress, as it requires performing a significant number of interactive tasks, constant communication and involves foreign language acquisition. In order to research this issue, the authors analyzed the main approaches to the study of stress in modern psychology as well as physiological and mental state of students while learning a foreign language for specific purposes. The article outlines the didactic and psychological features of foreign language learning and its principles. During practical foreign language classes with students, we conducted an empirical study using the method of included longitudinal observation, chosen in order to avoid psychological traumatization and retraumatization, as well as providing emotional support in educational environment that is familiar to them. As a result of the study, three groups of students have been distinguished according to the way the stress symptoms are revealed: manifestations of minor, moderate and severe stress. The authors analyzed characteristics of their cognitive activity while learning a foreign language and motivation to study. The article presents the author's model of a person's psychological reactions to stress which proves that stressors can affect the human body and mental health in two ways, causing both emotional exhaustion and personal growth, leading to the enrichment of life experience and helping to find meanings in life.
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Chikina, Elena Evgenevna, and Valeria Andreevna Averina. "Foreign language textbook as semiotic phenomenon." Ethnic Culture 5, no. 4 (November 28, 2023): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-108013.
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The aim of this paper is the semiotic analysis of a foreign language textbook as a semiotic phenomenon reflecting the cognitive attitudes of its authors and aimed at forming not only external but also deep layers of the learner's linguistic personality, responsible for motivation, intents and attitudes. The material to be analysed is a popular line of EFL textbooks “English file” by British authors Ch. Latham-Koenig and C. Oxenden. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time a foreign language textbook is considered not as an educational and methodological text, but as an alternative reality, a dynamic complex sign, similar to the discursive space of a fiction book. The study is conducted by applying the method of contextual analysis, the method of cognitive-pragmatic analysis, and the interpretive method to the polycoded texts of EF-textbooks. The authors conclude that the semiotic complex of EF-textbooks exhibits the characteristics of an educational novel of fiction, where the learner assumes the function of a fairy-tale hero, acting in the space of English-language cultural mythologems, reference-metric elements, topoi and narratives. As a result of active realisation of the happy end narrative, supported by the system of topoi and precedent names characteristic of the English-language conceptosphere, the textbook uses the suggestive potential of the so-called soft power to form changes at the motivational-pragmatic level of the linguistic personality.
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Ginoyan, A. B., and A. A. Tkachenko. "EAEU Countries Foreign Trade Policy: Results of Simulation Modeling." Finance: Theory and Practice 26, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-2-175-189.
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The authors examine the impact of foreign trade on the development of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The relevance of the study is related to the role of foreign trade in the integration processes of the EAEU countries. The purpose of the study is to identify, on the basis of a modified gravity model of international trade, the possible contribution of changes in the foreign trade policy of the EAEU countries to the growth of their foreign trade. The authors apply a pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation method, which is Poisson regression. Based on the results of the gravity model, covering the data of 97 countries with volumes of 95% of world GDP and 85% of international trade flows, the authors identified the potential contribution of possible changes in the foreign trade policy of the EAEU countries to the growth of their foreign trade turnover, including the reorientation of country directions. The authors gave a quantitative assessment of the foreign trade potential of the EAEU countries in trade with the main partners. The study presents an assessment of the impact on the volume of foreign trade of Belarus of its possible accession to the WTO, which could increase this volume by 11.4%. Particular attention is paid to modeling the trade potential of the EAEU countries with 40 leading trading partners. An analysis of the foreign trade of these countries shows no noticeable changes in the structure of its directions, and the foreign trade turnover continues to grow at an insufficient rate. The simulation results led to the conclusion that the EAEU countries have significant trade potential with the United States, the United Arab Emirates, Singapore, Sweden, Malaysia, Spain and Brazil, and the actual volume of trade with these countries is less than 50% of the potential. Realization of this potential requires, as shown in the study, significant changes in the foreign economic orientation of the EAEU countries and modification of foreign trade policy.
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Lai, Yu-Cheng, and Santanu Sarkar. "Gender equality legislation and foreign direct investment." International Journal of Manpower 38, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 160–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-08-2015-0133.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences in the effects of gender equality legislation on employment outcomes among female and male workers in industries with different intensity of foreign investment (namely, foreign direct investment (FDI)-intensive industries and non–FDI–intensive industries). The specific employment outcomes that were studied to compare the effects of the legislation are the working hours, employment opportunities, and wages of female and male workers in Taiwan. Design/methodology/approach Using data from the annual Manpower Utilization Survey, the authors applied a differences-in-differences-in-differences estimation method to test the effect of gender equality legislation on employment outcomes. By using multinomial logit, the authors measured the effect of the legislation on employment opportunities. To correct for simultaneity and selectivity problems/biases, the authors adopted Heckman two-stage selection procedures. Likewise, the authors used weighted least squares to solve heteroskedasticity in the wage and working hour equations. Further, the instrumental variable (IV) method was used to correct for simultaneity bias in the equation on working hour. The authors applied three stages estimation method following Killingsworth’s (1983) approach to measure the effect of the legislation on wages and working hours. Findings The authors found the restrictions enforced by the gender equality legislation (namely the Gender Equal Employment Act (GEEA), enacted in 2002) in Taiwan to have made certain impact on the workers’ working conditions in FDI-intensive industries. The major finding indicated that in a country like Taiwan, where the legislature tried tilling the perpetual gender gap in its labour market, by passing a law to counter inequality, could finally narrow the gender gap in wages among workers in the FDI-intensive industries. Although initially after the enactment of the GEEA (between 2002 and 2004), the gender gap in part-timers’ wages has widened, yet over a period of time the gap in their wages too has narrowed down, particularly during 2005-2006. The legislation, however, could not improve the job opportunities for full-time female workers’ in FDI-intensive industries. Besides, post 2002, the female workers were found to have worked for shorter hours than male workers, which according to us, could be largely attributed to the enforcement of the GEEA. Practical implications An in-depth analysis of the labour market effects of gender equality legislation should be useful to policymakers, especially those interested in understanding the impact of legislative measures and policy reforms on labour market and employment outcomes across industry types. If enforcement of a gender equality legislation has succeeded in reducing the gender gap more in one set of industries than the others (e.g. foreign owned instead of domestic industries), as the authors noticed in this study, then the same should have a bearing on revamping of future enactment and enforcement too. Originality/value Current study findings would not only provide the broad lessons to the policymakers in Taiwan, but the results that have emerged from a country case study could be referred by other growing economies who are enthusiastic about improving female workers’ working conditions through legislative reforms.
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Nesmashnyi, Alexander Dmitrievich, and Yulia Aleksandrovna Nikitina. "Local Hegemony: China’s Special Economic Zones in Mauritius and Zambia." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 20, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-1-97-114.
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Chinese Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Africa are part of the Belt and Road Initiative. They account for a fledgling research area in International Relations, with not much research on the topic. The authors regard traditional approaches in research of SEZs as incapable of grasping the difference between domestic (designed by the state on its own territory) and foreign (designed by a foreign state) SEZs. The concept of territoriality, though applicable only to foreign SEZs, has little to offer in terms of generating new knowledge. The research paper endeavours to offer new theoretical and conceptual frameworks for the study of foreign SEZs. The research is based on concepts of hegemony by different schools of thought, including Hegemonic Stability Theory, the three types of hegemony by Yan Xuetong and Neo-Gramscianism. The authors introduce the concept of “local hegemony”. The authors also highlight the fact that most foreign SEZs emerge in territories of limited statehood (or create them). In order to prove vitality of the concept, comparative research of China’s SEZs in Mauritius and Zambia is conducted. The authors point out relatively poor institutional development of Zambia and the existence of stable democratic institutions in Mauritius. The success of the Chinese SEZ in Zambia is also partially attributed to copper mining. Deriving from economic and institutional empirical data the authors try to detect success conditions of SEZs and analyze the related spillover effects that contribute to the development of African nations. The reasons behind the failure of the Chinese SEZ in Mauritius are traced. Authors conclude that the concept of local hegemony is suitable for studying foreign SEZs and suggest that zones of local hegemony could be sustainable and effective in terms of development.