Academic literature on the topic 'Forced choice'

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Journal articles on the topic "Forced choice"

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Hanley, Lynne T., Lorry M. Fenner, and Marie E. deYoung. "Forced Choice." Women's Review of Books 19, no. 8 (May 2002): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4023982.

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Dhar, Ravi, and Itamar Simonson. "The Effect of Forced Choice on Choice." Journal of Marketing Research 40, no. 2 (May 2003): 146–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.40.2.146.19229.

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Whereas most academic and industry studies of consumer preferences and decision making involve forced choice (i.e., participants are told to choose one of the presented product or service alternatives), buyers usually also have the option not to select any alternative. An implicit assumption in the experimental practice of forcing choice is that the no-choice option draws proportionately from the various available alternatives, such that the qualitative conclusions are unaffected. However, the authors propose that the no-choice option competes most directly with alternatives that buyers tend to select when they are uncertain about their preferences. Building on this general proposition, the authors show that the introduction of the no-choice option strengthens the attraction effect, weakens the compromise effect, and decreases the relative share of an option that is “average” on all dimensions. They also examine the mechanisms underlying the impact of having the option not to choose and the conditions under which the no-choice option is likely to affect relative option shares. The results are consistent with the notion that the no-choice option provides an alternative way of resolving difficult choices that is not available when subjects are forced to choose. The authors discuss the theoretical and practical implications of this research.
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Jung, Jae Yup, John McCormick, and Miraca U. M. Gross. "The Forced Choice Dilemma." Gifted Child Quarterly 56, no. 1 (January 2012): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016986211429169.

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Roehrs, T., Bonita Pedrosi, Leon Rosenthal, Frank Zorick, and Thomas Roth. "Hypnotic self administration: forced-choice versus single-choice." Psychopharmacology 133, no. 2 (September 17, 1997): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050381.

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Pavsic, Rita, and Maria Concetta Pitrone. "La forza della forced choice." SOCIOLOGIA E RICERCA SOCIALE, no. 92 (March 2011): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/srs2010-092005.

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Rose, Richard, and Evgeny Tikhomirov. "Russia's Forced-Choice Presidential Election." Post-Soviet Affairs 12, no. 4 (October 1996): 351–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1060586x.1996.10641429.

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Dunn, Patricia C., and Kathy Brown. "Abortion Forced-Choice Ladder Activity." Journal of Health Education 28, no. 3 (June 1997): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10556699.1997.10603264.

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García-Pérez, Miguel A. "Denoising forced-choice detection data." British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 63, no. 1 (February 2010): 75–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/000711009x424057.

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Schroeder, Mark. "The Epistemic Consequences of Forced Choice." Logos & Episteme 8, no. 3 (2017): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/logos-episteme20178328.

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Tenopyr, Mary L. "Artifactual reliability of forced-choice scales." Journal of Applied Psychology 73, no. 4 (November 1988): 749–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.73.4.749.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Forced choice"

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Langley, Moses Michael. "d' is not appropriate for contrasting yes-no and forced-choice recognition." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.

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Hall, Ashley K. "Examination of Something Else as a Response Alternative in Forced-Choice Questions." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1415117471.

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Convertino, Christina. "Forced to Choose: School Choice and the Spatial Production of Youth Identities in a Post-Industrial Age." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145122.

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In this educational ethnography, I focused on how parents and students enrolled in a public charter high school in Sundale City (pseudonym), Arizona made the choice to attend a charter school. I also focused on educational reforms in the context of two large district high schools to further contextualize family choice-making. In contrast to the prevailing view that it is primarily parents with the requisite cultural and social capital who access school choice, participants in this study were `forced' to choose an alternative to their neighborhood district school due to the harmful effects of being marginalized and penalized in traditional district school contexts. With implications for policy and practice, this anthropological study expands the polemic surrounding school choice by considering the discursive practices inscribed in traditional school contexts that force out disenfranchised students. Understanding of family choice-making and students' experiences contributes to theorizing social inequality and educational reform in new ways that lead to the development of equitable school spaces.
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Wu, Shu-Chen. "Nursing home care for elderly people in Taiwan : a process of forced choice." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423858.

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Naefgen, Christoph [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Janczyk. "The similarities and differences of free and forced choice tasks / Christoph Naefgen ; Betreuer: Markus Janczyk." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1179181689/34.

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Lin, Charlette. "Out of Sight Out of Mind? The Effects of Prior Study and Visual Attention on Word Identification." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1430322757.

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Nelson, Nicole L. "A Facial Expression of Pax: Revisiting Preschoolers' "Recognition" of Expressions." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2458.

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Thesis advisor: James A. Russell
Prior research showing that children recognize emotional expressions has used a choice-from-array style task; for example, children are asked to find the fear face in an array of several expressions. However, these choice-from-array tasks allow for the use of a process of elimination strategy in which children could select an expression they are unfamiliar with when presented a label that does not apply to other expressions in the array. Across six studies (N = 144), 80% of 2- to 4-year-olds selected a novel expression when presented a target label and performed similarly when the label was novel (such as pax) or familiar (such as fear). In addition, 46% of children went on to freely label the expression with the target label in a subsequent task. These data are the first to show that children extend the process of elimination strategy to facial expressions and also call into question the findings of prior choice-from-array studies
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Psychology
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Humann, Michael. "Deliberation and implementation activity in forced-choice decision making environments : variations in information processing within a neurocognitive framework." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/5653/.

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This thesis examined decision making in the context of forced-choice situations, as characterised by high-risk consequences and time-limited conditions, within an experimental decision paradigm. By mapping onto basic decision-making stages relating to evaluation, deliberation and implementation of a choice, this research looks at how environmental conditions (emotion) and information (advice) affect cognitive processing in forced-choice or “do or don’t” scenarios. In order to identify these variations on a more fundamental level, a methodological framework was developed, which incorporates neurocognitive, behavioural and qualitative measures. Results identified the distinct sequence of cognitive processes as predicted from basic decision-making models. When individuals lacked any meaningful information to assist in solving the tasks, their responses varied based on the consequential conditions they faced, leading to an accelerated engagement with the decision and faster response, the riskier the outcome. On the other hand, when information was available during the task, differences in responses followed predictions about information processing and cognitive effort required for the different levels of clarity. Here, the consequential conditions did not affect performance, as individuals prioritised the information available. Further, when solving a task lacking any meaningful information on which to base their choice, individuals still engaged in redundant deliberation. Taken together, the research suggests that outcome uncertainty and task ambiguity have a demonstrable effect on the decision-making process. This research, incorporating neurocognitive measures, showed a robust framework to advance current understanding about the interplay of affecting factors and basic decision-making processes. Providing an additional reference, this approach contributes to a more in-depth picture of underlying processes.
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Wu, David, and dwu8@optusnet com au. "Perceptually Lossless Coding of Medical Images - From Abstraction to Reality." RMIT University. Electrical & Computer Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080617.160025.

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This work explores a novel vision model based coding approach to encode medical images at a perceptually lossless quality, within the framework of the JPEG 2000 coding engine. Perceptually lossless encoding offers the best of both worlds, delivering images free of visual distortions and at the same time providing significantly greater compression ratio gains over its information lossless counterparts. This is achieved through a visual pruning function, embedded with an advanced model of the human visual system to accurately identify and to efficiently remove visually irrelevant/insignificant information. In addition, it maintains bit-stream compliance with the JPEG 2000 coding framework and subsequently is compliant with the Digital Communications in Medicine standard (DICOM). Equally, the pruning function is applicable to other Discrete Wavelet Transform based image coders, e.g., The Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees. Further significant coding gains are ex ploited through an artificial edge segmentation algorithm and a novel arithmetic pruning algorithm. The coding effectiveness and qualitative consistency of the algorithm is evaluated through a double-blind subjective assessment with 31 medical experts, performed using a novel 2-staged forced choice assessment that was devised for medical experts, offering the benefits of greater robustness and accuracy in measuring subjective responses. The assessment showed that no differences of statistical significance were perceivable between the original images and the images encoded by the proposed coder.
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Seybert, Jacob. "A New Item Response Theory Model for Estimating Person Ability and Item Parameters for Multidimensional Rank Order Responses." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4942.

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The assessment of noncognitive constructs poses a number of challenges that set it apart from traditional cognitive ability measurement. Of particular concern is the influence of response biases and response styles that can influence the accuracy of scale scores. One strategy to address these concerns is to use alternative item presentation formats (such as multidimensional forced choice (MFC) pairs, triads, and tetrads) that may provide resistance to such biases. A variety of strategies for constructing and scoring these forced choice measured have been proposed, though they often require large sample sizes, are limited in the way that statements can vary in location, and (in some cases) require a separate precalibration phase prior to the scoring of forced-choice responses. This dissertation introduces new item response theory models for estimating item and person parameters from rank-order responses indicating preferences among two or more alternatives representing, for example, different personality dimensions. Parameters for this new model, called the Hyperbolic Cosine Model for Rank order responses (HCM-RANK), can be estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods that allow for the simultaneous evaluation of item properties and person scores. The efficacy of the MCMC parameter estimation procedures for these new models was examined via three studies. Study 1 was a Monte Carlo simulation examining the efficacy of parameter recovery across levels of sample size, dimensionality, and approaches to item calibration and scoring. It was found that estimation accuracy improves with sample size, and trait scores and location parameters can be estimated reasonably well in small samples. Study 2 was a simulation examining the robustness of trait estimation to error introduced by substituting subject matter expert (SME) estimates of statement location for MCMC item parameter estimates and true item parameters. Only small decreases in accuracy relative to the true parameters were observed, suggesting that using SME ratings of statement location for scoring might be a viable short-term way of expediting MFC test deployment in field settings. Study 3 was included primarily to illustrate the use of the newly developed IRT models and estimation methods with real data. An empirical investigation comparing validities of personality measures using different item formats yielded mixed results and raised questions about multidimensional test construction practices that will be explored in future research. The presentation concludes with a discussion of MFC methods and potential applications in educational and workforce contexts.
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Books on the topic "Forced choice"

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Jackson, Robert. BioShock: Decision, forced choice and propaganda. Winchester, United Kingdom: Zero Books, 2014.

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Richard, Rose. Kto kogo: Russia's forced choice presidential election. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde, Centre for the Study of Public Policy, 1996.

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Lavy, Victor. From forced busing to free choice in public schools: Quasi-experimental evidence of individual and general effects. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Risk dilemmas: Forced choices and survival. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Oil privatization, public choice and international forces. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997.

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Hoopes, Stephanie M. Oil privatisation, public choice, and international forces. New Yrok, N.Y: St. Martin's Press, 1997.

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Hoopes, Stephanie M. Oil Privatization, Public Choice and International Forces. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25103-2.

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Varano, Charles S. Forced choices: Class, community, and worker ownership. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999.

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The impulse factor: The hidden force behind the choices we make. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008.

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Jockel, Joseph T. The Canadian Forces: Hard choices, soft power. Toronto: Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Forced choice"

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Schatz, Philip. "Forced-Choice Test." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1460–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_183.

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Schatz, Philip. "Forced-Choice Test." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1067. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_183.

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Schatz, Philip. "Forced-Choice Test." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_183-2.

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Hiscock, Merrill. "Hiscock Forced-Choice Test." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1705–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1990.

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Hiscock, Merrill. "Hiscock Forced-Choice Test." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1252–56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1990.

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Hiscock, Merrill. "Hiscock Forced-Choice Test." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1990-2.

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Brown, Anna, and Albert Maydeu-Olivares. "Modelling Forced-Choice Response Formats." In The Wiley Handbook of Psychometric Testing, 523–69. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118489772.ch18.

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Fleurbaey, Marc. "Forced Trades in a Free Market." In Studies in Choice and Welfare, 227–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46439-7_14.

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Sparks, Maddie, Catherine E. Smith, and David A. Washburn. "Two-Alternative Forced-Choice Paradigm, The." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 7101–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1836.

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Sparks, Maddie, Catherine E. Smith, and David A. Washburn. "The Two-Alternative Forced-Choice Paradigm." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1836-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Forced choice"

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Gallas, Brandon D., and Gene A. Pennello. "Pooling MRMC forced-choice data." In Medical Imaging, edited by Yulei Jiang and Berkman Sahiner. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.709628.

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Huda, W., K. M. Ogden, E. Samei, E. M. Scalzetti, R. L. Lavallee, and M. L. Roskopf. "Inter-reader variability in alternate forced choice studies." In Medical Imaging, edited by Berkman Sahiner and David J. Manning. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.770618.

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Habets, Damiaan F., Brian E. Chapman, Allan J. Fox, Derek E. Hyde, and David W. Holdsworth. "Two-alternative forced-choice evaluation of 3D CT angiograms." In Medical Imaging 2001, edited by Elizabeth A. Krupinski and Dev P. Chakraborty. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.431188.

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Herrmann-Abell, Cari. "Validation Evidence for Forced-Choice and Mixed-Format Knowledge Assessments." In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1687759.

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Hodosh, Micah, and Julia Hockenmaier. "Focused Evaluation for Image Description with Binary Forced-Choice Tasks." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Vision and Language. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-3203.

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Xue, Ping, Kadri N. Jabri, and David L. Wilson. "Adaptive reference/test forced-choice method with application to fluoroscopy perception." In Medical Imaging 1997, edited by Harold L. Kundel. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.271305.

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Abbey, Craig K., Miguel P. Eckstein, and Francois O. Bochud. "Estimation of human-observer templates in two-alternative forced-choice experiments." In Medical Imaging '99, edited by Elizabeth A. Krupinski. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.349653.

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Pulford, Graham W. "Bias analysis of the forced choice detection test for Rayleigh/Rician statistics." In ICASSP 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5947275.

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Cowhy, Jennifer. "Experiences of Forced School Choice for Families of Students With Dis/abilities." In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1689188.

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Molano-Mazon, Manuel, Guangyu Robert Yang, Ainhoa Hermoso-Mendizabal, and Jaime de la Rocha. "RNNs develop history biases in an expectation-guided two-alternative forced choice task." In 2019 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience. Brentwood, Tennessee, USA: Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32470/ccn.2019.1272-0.

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Reports on the topic "Forced choice"

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Underhill, Christina M., Ronald M. Bearden, and Hubert T. Chen. Evaluation of the Fake Resistance of a Forced-choice Paired-comparison Computer Adaptive Personality Measure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada484384.

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Lavy, Victor. From Forced Busing to Free Choice in Public Schools: Quasi-Experimental Evidence of Individual and General Effects. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11969.

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Chang, Arturo, Thomas Ferguson, Jacob Rothschild, and Benjamin I. Page. Ambivalence About International Trade in Open- and Closed-ended Survey Responses. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp162.

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Spontaneous, open-ended survey responses can sometimes better reveal what is actually on people’s minds than small sets of forced-choice, closed questions. Our analysis of closed questions and trade-related open-ended responses to 2016 ANES “likes” and “dislikes” prompts indicate that Americans held considerably more complex, more ambivalent, and – in many cases – more negative views of international trade than has been apparent in studies that focus only on closed-ended responses. This paper suggests that contrast between open- and closed-question data may help explain why the effectiveness of Donald Trump’s appeals to trade resentments surprised many observers.
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Singman, Erinn C. Military Police: The Force of Choice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada510334.

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Putz, Jeffrey L. SOF: The Engagement Force of Choice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada393520.

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Smith, Edward S. Army National Guard: Regionally Aligned Brigade Force of First Choice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561976.

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Cavalcanti, Tiago, Leticia Fernandes, Laísa Rachter, and Cezar Santos. Women and Men at Work: Fertility, Occupational Choice and Development. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004389.

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We investigate how changes in barriers to female labor force participation and in the child penalty affect occupational decisions, fertility and income. We build a general equilibrium model of occupational choice with men and women, human capital investment and fertility. We fit the model to the US and India. Changing gender barriers account for 31% of US growth between 1960 and 2010 (4.1% for India in 1983-2004). The implications of these barriers for the welfare of female workers with children were even larger, with lower child penalty alone increasing the welfare of this group by 7% in the US.
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Domazos, Efthymios. The Choice: Social Representation and the Formation of the Hellenic Armed Forces. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494094.

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Cantwell, Damian M. Force of No Choice: The Role of the Military in Interagency Operations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada485165.

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Record, Jeffrey. Failed States and Casualty Phobia: Implications for Force Structure and Technology Choices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425499.

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