Journal articles on the topic 'Foot Score'
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&NA;. "Maryland Foot Score." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 20, Supplement (September 2006): S96—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-200609001-00022.
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Barnett, Sue, Rona Campbell, and Ian Harvey. "The Bristol Foot Score." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 95, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0950264.
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We sought to develop a patient-centered foot-health assessment tool by conducting in-depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys of relevant patient groups. A total of 400 hospital- and community-based podiatric patients took part in the development of the Bristol Foot Score, which was refined from a 41-item self-administered questionnaire to one containing 15 items. Podiatric patients easily understood the final questionnaire, and rates of completion were excellent. Overall reliability was high (Cronbach α = .9036), and application of the Bland and Altman technique suggested that the foot score produced stable measurements over time. Statistically significant differences were detected in scores before and after toenail surgery, indicating that the Bristol Foot Score is sensitive to change. A poor level of concordance was found between the Bristol Foot Score and a Chiropody Assessment Criteria Score routinely used by podiatrists to assess the need for podiatric care. The Bristol Foot Score reflects patients’ perceptions of their own foot health, providing a useful additional tool for evaluating the efficacy of interventions and describing foot health within populations. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(3): 264–272, 2005)
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Kranzl, A., B. Dumphart, and B. Pobatschnig. "O 058 – The Foot – Gait Profile Score (Foot – GPS (OFM))." Gait & Posture 65 (September 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.06.085.
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McCahill, Jennifer, Julie Stebbins, Andrew Lewis, Robin Prescott, Jaap Harlaar, and Tim Theologis. "Validation of the foot profile score." Gait & Posture 71 (June 2019): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.03.034.
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MOON, MARY ANN. "Severity Score Simplifies Foot Ulcer Management." Family Practice News 36, no. 13 (July 2006): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(06)73438-7.
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Sieradzki, James P., Nicholas Larsen, Ivan Wong, and Richard D. Ferkel. "Symptom and Disability Measurement by Common Foot and Ankle–Specific Outcome Rating Scales." Foot & Ankle International 41, no. 7 (May 28, 2020): 849–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100720920635.
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Background: Well-designed foot and ankle clinical outcomes research requires region-specific subjective outcome measures. Many foot and ankle–specific instruments are now available. Determining which instruments to choose is daunting. We present a patient survey to determine the most relevant questions pertaining to them. Methods: Sixteen foot and ankle–specific outcome instruments were chosen based on popularity, emphasizing valid, reliable, responsive scores. Subjective portions were consolidated and given to 109 patients with osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) (39), ankle instability (35), and ankle arthritis (35). Outcome instruments were measured according to 4 criteria: number of questions endorsed by 51%, number with high mean importance, number with low mean importance, and number with the highest-ranking frequency importance product. Instruments were then ranked based on relative score, with the highest scores indicating the instrument was the most useful for that sample. Results: The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) achieved the highest score in all 4 categories for OLT, followed by Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) Foot and Ankle Score. The FAOS achieved the highest score in all 4 categories for ankle instability, followed by FAAM and AAOS. For osteoarthritis, the FAOS achieved the highest relative score followed by FAAM and AAOS. The AOF, Ankle Osteoarthritis Score, and AAS are instruments commonly used that had lower relative scores. Conclusion: The FAOS, FAAM, and AAOS Foot and Ankle Score contain several items important to patients with osteochondral lesions of the talus, ankle instability, and ankle osteoarthritis. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
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Waller, Rosemary, Peter Manuel, and Lyn Williamson. "The Swindon Foot and Ankle Questionnaire: Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words?" ISRN Rheumatology 2012 (September 26, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/105479.
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Objectives. Despite increased awareness of the high prevalence and significance of foot and ankle problems in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), feet remain neglected. Reasons may include the perception that feet are difficult to assess, they are not included in the DAS28, and lack of freely available foot screening tools specific for RA. Methods. The Swindon Foot and Ankle Questionnaire (SFAQ) is a simply worded 10-point foot and ankle screening questionnaire with diagrams of feet and ankles for use in general rheumatology outpatients. All RA patients on our electronic database were invited to complete the questionnaire and attend clinic for assessment. Patients assessed clinically were scored out of 10 using the parameters from the questionnaire. The SFAQ was compared to the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI), DAS28, HAQ, HAD, and OSRA scores. Results. 597 questionnaires were sent, 301 (50%) returned, and 137 seen in clinic. There was good correlation between the postal SFAQ score, clinic score (), and the MFPDI (). Neither of the foot scores correlated with other RA disease outcome measures. 75% patients completed the picture. 73% corresponded to clinical findings. 45% of patients required an intervention following clinical review and trended towards higher scores. Conclusions. The SFAQ was quick to complete and correlated with the MFPDI. Lack of association with standard RA outcome measures suggests that relying on these scores alone may miss foot pathology. The diagrams were a useful complement. This simple screening tool could aid identification of RA foot and ankle problems.
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P. M, Mohamed Shameem, and Vineeth Rao. "RISK FACTOR DIAGNOSTIC SCORE IN DIABETIC FOOT." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 3, no. 72 (September 8, 2016): 3922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2016/838.
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Leese, G., C. Schofield, B. McMurray, G. Libby, J. Golden, R. MacAlpine, S. Cunningham, A. Morris, M. Flett, and G. Griffiths. "Scottish Foot Ulcer Risk Score Predicts Foot Ulcer Healing in a Regional Specialist Foot Clinic." Diabetes Care 30, no. 8 (May 22, 2007): 2064–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0553.
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Eiguren, Nick M., Katie Peterson, and Zach D. McFarlane. "PSI-35 Foot and hair shedding scores of crossbred cattle grazing native rangeland differ by age group." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.829.
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Abstract Structural soundness is crucial to improve productivity and longevity of beef cattle in rangeland landscapes. In addition, hair shedding scores are utilized to select for heat tolerant cattle. Thus, the objective of this study was to collect data indicative of cattle adaptability to extensive rangeland landscapes in the Cal Poly beef cattle herd. Three trained technicians assigned claw set, foot angle and hair shedding scores. All data were collected over a 2-day period (n = 3 ranch locations) and foot scores were only collected from females (n = 211) that were at least 1 year of age. Each female was assigned a score for foot angle and claw set (1–9, 5 being ideal). A hair shedding score was also allocated (1–5, 1 = 0% winter coat, 5 = 100% winter coat) to both cows and calves of dams assigned to different age groups. Cattle were retrospectively assigned to a group based on age (Young = 2–3 years of age, Moderate = 4–7 years of age, Old = 8+ years of age) and data were analyzed with the main effects of ranch location and cow age group. Ranch location had no impact (P > 0.05) on foot score or hair shedding score. Cow age group had a significant impact (P < 0.01) on claw set, with young cows exhibiting a lower and more ideal foot score. However, cow age had no effect on hoof angle (P = 0.23). Young cows had a greater (P < 0.001) hair shedding score than their counterparts. Calf hair shedding score was not different (P ≥ 0.23) among dam age groups or ranch locations. Thus, these data indicate that feet and leg structure is compromised as cows age, and younger cows with higher hair shedding scores may lack adaptability to heat stress.
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McCahill, J., J. Stebbins, A. Lewis, J. Harlaar, and T. Theologis. "O 066 - correlation of the foot profile score and gait profile score." Gait & Posture 65 (September 2018): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.07.085.
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Sinaga, Ridho, Djony Tjandra, Richard Sumangkut, Billy Karundeng, and Fima Langi. "PEDIS Score Analysis in Diabetic Foot Ulcer following Angioplasty Revascularization Procedure." Journal of Indonesian Society for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 2, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36864/jinasvs.2021.1.007.
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Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is one of the major health care problems. Diabetic foot ulcers are a combination of vascular and non-vascular disorders. Vascular disorders that occur in the form of diabetic angiopathy which can be in the form of macro angiopathy if the condition occurs in large blood vessels, and micro angiopathy if it occurs in arterioles and capillaries. Revascularization can be done minimally invasive and has become the gold standard in the management of chronic limb ischemic (CLI). WHO recommends Perfusion, Extent / Size, Depth / Tissue Loss, Infection, Sensation (PEDIS) classification to diagnose and to determine the management of diabetic foot. We conduct a study to find out whether there are improvements in the PEDIS score of diabetic foot ulcer patients post angioplasty Methods: This study was designed in the form of a quasi-experiment, in which measurements before and after treatment were carried out on patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) who underwent revascularization angioplasty without any measurement for control patients. From November 2019 to September 2020, there were 48 cases of diabetic foot ulcer with peripheral artery disease (PAD) who underwent angioplasty. Before the procedure, a clinical evaluation and calculation of the PEDIS score were carried out then angioplasty was performed, after the procedure the PEDIS score was calculated and evaluated in the first, second and third weeks. Results: The PEDIS scores of the patients prior to angioplasty had a median score of 8 (IQR 7; 9). Post-procedure the median quantity fell to 6 on both the immediate post angioplasty and two weeks afterward measurement with the width of the IQR narrowing slightly at the last measurement. The male patients’ PEDIS scores did not differ relatively from those of the female patients at the three measurement times, and their scores were almost identical to the scores for the patients as a whole. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is an improvement in the PEDIS score in diabetic foot ulcer patients after revascularization angioplasty.
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Halstead, Jill, Carmen Martín-Hervás, Elizabeth M. A. Hensor, Dennis McGonagle, Anne-Maree Keenan, Anthony C. Redmond, and Philip G. Conaghan. "Development and Reliability of a Preliminary Foot Osteoarthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score." Journal of Rheumatology 44, no. 8 (June 1, 2017): 1257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.160617.
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Objective.Foot osteoarthritis (OA) is very common but underinvestigated musculoskeletal condition and there is little consensus as to common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. The aim of this study was to develop a preliminary foot OA MRI score (FOAMRIS) and evaluate its reliability.Methods.This preliminary semiquantitative score included the hindfoot, midfoot, and metatarsophalangeal joints. Joints were scored for joint space narrowing (JSN; 0–3), osteophytes (0–3), joint effusion/synovitis, and bone cysts (present/absent). Erosions and bone marrow lesions (BML) were scored (0–3) and BML were evaluated adjacent to entheses and at sub-tendon sites (present/absent). Additionally, tenosynovitis (0–3) and midfoot ligament pathology (present/absent) were scored. Reliability was evaluated in 15 people with foot pain and MRI-detected OA using 3.0T MRI multi-sequence protocols, and assessed using ICC as an overall score and per anatomical site.Results.Intrareader agreement (ICC) was generally good to excellent across the foot in joint features (JSN 0.90, osteophytes 0.90, effusion/synovitis 0.46, cysts 0.87), bone features (BML 0.83, erosion 0.66, BML entheses 0.66, BML sub-tendon 0.60) and soft tissue features (tenosynovitis 0.83, ligaments 0.77). Interreader agreement was lower for joint features (JSN 0.43, osteophytes 0.27, effusion/synovitis 0.02, cysts 0.48), bone features (BML 0.68, erosion 0.00, BML entheses 0.34, BML sub-tendon 0.13), and soft tissue features (tenosynovitis 0.35, ligaments 0.33).Conclusion.This preliminary FOAMRIS demonstrated good intrareader reliability and fair interreader reliability when assessing the total feature scores. Further development is required in cohorts with a range of pathologies and to assess the psychometric measurement properties.
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Huyer, Rodrigo Guimarães, Mário Sérgio Paulillo Cillo, Carlos Daniel Cândido Castro Filho, Hallan Douglas Bertelli, and Renato Morelli Berg. "Functional assessment of foot and ankle tendinopathies treated with tendoscopy." Journal of the Foot & Ankle 15, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/jfootankle.2021.v15.1531.
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Objective: To assess postoperative clinical functional outcomes, based on the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, of tendoscopies performed in the treatment of foot and ankle pathologies. Methods: Our comparative assessment used AOFAS scores obtained preoperatively and at early and late postoperative stages - 1 month and 6 to 12 months after surgery - of 14 patients with foot and ankle tendinopathies. These included peroneal tendon dislocation, peroneal tendonitis, and tearing of the peroneus longus or brevis, all treated with tendoscopy for peroneal reconstruction and tenorrhaphy. The AOFAS score was obtained by functional assessment during outpatient physical examination. We presented a descriptive analysis of cases, comparing scores over time through the Friedman test followed by Dunn’s test. The relationship between score variations and sex was assessed using the Mann-Whitney test; their comparison with age used Spearman’s linear correlation coefficient. Significance levels were 5%.Results: The AOFAS score showed important improvements such as preoperative scores of 56 and 67 followed by postoperative scores of 100 both in the early and late stages, supporting the efficacy and persistence of this treatment strategy. The p-value obtained after statistical analysis was <0.0001. Conclusion: We concluded that the treatment of foot and ankle comorbidities with tendoscopy, in addition to being less invasive, shows consistency and efficacy as demonstrated by the AOFAS score and functional assessment via postoperative physical examinations. AOFAS scores were increased and maintained at high levels in the postoperative period, demonstrating the efficacy of this procedure and the duration of treatment results. Level of Evidence IV; Case Series; Therapeutic Studies - Investigation of Treatment Results.
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Piller, A., S. Bergmann, A. Schwarzer, M. Erhard, J. Stracke, B. Spindler, N. Kemper, et al. "Validation of histological and visual scoring systems for foot-pad dermatitis in broiler chickens." Animal Welfare 29, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.29.2.185.
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In this study, an appropriate visual scoring system for foot-pad dermatitis was validated, considering the histologically measured depth of the inflammation zone and the histopathological grade (no lesion, mild lesion, ulcer). The aim being to evaluate whether the visual, macroscopic scoring of foot-pad dermatitis can represent the histological, microscopic findings. Two hundred Ross 308 broiler chicken feet (birds aged 39–42 fattening days) were collected at a slaughterhouse and scored macroscopically according to a modified version of the Welfare Quality® Assessment Protocol for Poultry. Afterwards, 200 histological slides (one per foot) were prepared, the extent of the inflammation measured and all slides scored by veterinarian pathologists using Michel et al's modified scheme. The statistical relationship between microscopic and macroscopic score and depth of inflammation were estimated via regression models. Increasing macroscopic score was found to be linked with an increase in microscopic score and the depth of inflammation. In particular, feet without lesions and feet with ulcers were identifiable using the macroscopic score. Macroscopic scoring of foot-pad dermatitis can mirror histological findings once certain limitations are taken into account (superficial lesions were not clearly identifiable). Foot-pad dermatitis is considered a useful indicator of animal welfare and our findings suggest that visual, macroscopic scoring could be a practicable assessment tool.
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Cody, Elizabeth A., Huong T. Do, Jayme C. B. Koltsov, Carol A. Mancuso, and Scott J. Ellis. "Influence of Diagnosis and Other Factors on Patients’ Expectations of Foot and Ankle Surgery." Foot & Ankle International 39, no. 6 (February 15, 2018): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100718755473.
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Background: Many patient factors have been associated with higher or lower expectations of orthopedic surgery. In foot and ankle surgery, the diverse diagnoses seen may also influence expectations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between diagnosis and patients’ preoperative expectations of elective foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Two hundred seventy-eight patients undergoing elective foot or ankle surgery for 1 of 7 common diagnoses were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Preoperative expectations were assessed with the Hospital for Special Surgery Foot & Ankle Surgery Expectations Survey. Patients also completed the Foot & Ankle Outcome Score, Short Form 12, pain visual analog scale, and questionnaires for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Patient factors and diagnosis were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis to identify independent predictors of higher expectations and determine the effect of diagnosis relative to other patient factors on expectations. Results: The multivariate regression analysis adjusting for demographics and other clinical characteristics showed that diagnosis contributed the most to the model, accounting for 10.5% of the variation in expectations survey scores. Patients with mid- or hindfoot arthritis ( P < .001), hallux valgus ( P = .001), or hallux rigidus ( P = .005) had lower scores (lower expectations) than those with ankle instability or osteochondral lesion. In the model, female sex ( P = .001), non-Caucasian race ( P = .031), and lower scores on the Foot & Ankle Outcome Score daily activities subscale ( P = .024) were associated with higher scores. Conclusions: Diagnosis of ankle instability or osteochondral lesion, female sex, non-Caucasian race, and lower Foot & Ankle Outcome Score daily activities subscale score were all associated with higher expectations. These findings may help inform and guide surgeons as they counsel patients preoperatively. Level of Evidence: Level II, cross-sectional study.
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Bijlani, Rahul, Laurie M. Lomasney, Michael Pinzur, and Katherine Dux. "Examining the Potential Use of a Novel Radiographic Scoring System for Determining Surgical Intervention in Diabetic Charcot Arthropathy." Foot & Ankle Specialist 10, no. 3 (November 1, 2016): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938640016675407.
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Introduction. Although Eichenholtz and the Schon systems are commonly used to evaluate foot Charcot arthropathy on radiographs, a novel system with expanded characterization may have added benefit. Methods. Patients with Charcot arthropathy and foot radiographs were grouped in nonsurgical group 1 (imaging sets at minimum 2-year interval) and surgical group 2 (imaging preceding fusion and/or amputation). Radiographs were scored with Eichenholtz and Schon systems, and a novel scoring system (summation of 0-3 rank for bone density, distention/swelling, debris, disorganization, and dislocation/subluxation). Summative scores of the 2 groups were compared. Differences in scores of each system from serial images of group 1 were compared and average scores from each of the systems for preoperative imaging sets of group 2 were compared. Results. A total of 111 patients were included (group 1, 19 patients; group 2, 92 patients). The novel system provided a broad numerical characterization of the radiographs (range 1-15). Summative scores of the novel system for groups 1 and 2 were statistically different with lower median score in the nonsurgical group (nonsurgical median score 6 vs surgical median score 9). Individual characteristic scores from 4 (distention, debris, disorganization, and dislocation) of 5 categories for the novel system were statistically different, with lower scores for the nonoperative group. The narrower numerical scores from the Eichenholtz and Schon systems did not yield statistically significant results. Conclusion. The novel scoring system provides a broad numerical description of radiographic findings in Charcot arthropathy of the foot and has potential advantage for surgical predictive value. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Retrospective
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Roy, Raymol, M. Sekhar, Gabriel Rodrigues, and V. Rajesh. "Preparation and readability assessment of patient information leaflets for diabetic foot ulcers." Journal of Social Health and Diabetes 01, no. 02 (December 2013): 079–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-0656.115304.
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AbstractContext: Patient counseling is the mainstay for prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcer. Hence, patient information leaflet (PIL) can act as an educational material for imparting patient education regarding diabetic foot care for better patient outcome.Aim: The objective of this study was to develop and to assess the readability of PIL for diabetic foot ulcer.Materials and Methods: Various online resources such as Patient UK and Micromedex data base were used to prepare PILs on diabetic foot ulcer. Physicians were validated the content of the leaflet. Leaflet was designed and modified according to the physician's suggestions. PILs-readability was checked online by using the website www.readability-score.com and calculated Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FK-GL). Layout and design features of the PILs were assessed by using Baker Able Leaflets Design (BALD) method.Results: Readability of the leaflet was assessed by using the FRE and FK-GL scores. After initial assessment leaflets were modified to achieve ideal readability scores. The best FRE score achieved was 69.9 and FK-GL score achieved was 7.1. The BALD score was 27.Conclusions: PILs prepared had ideal readability score and layout design. The leaflet's estimated FRE and FK-GL scores rate showed that it was fairly easy readable.
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McGuire, Clayton L., Jeremy G. Powell, Reagan Cauble, Bryan Kutz, Karen Anschutz, Toby D. Lester, and Walker Gragg. "119 Foot scoring effects on cow and calf performance at breeding and weaning." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_1 (July 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz053.112.
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Abstract Foot soundness is essential for optimum performance in beef cattle. When evaluating foot soundness, emphasis is placed on foot angle (FA) and claw set (CS). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of foot angle and claw set scores on cowherd performance. Data were collected on 491 crossbred Angus-based cows over a three-year period. At weaning, FA and CS were evaluated according to American Angus Association guidelines. Scores are based on a nine-point scale, where a score of one indicates straight pasterns and short, divergent toes, and nine indicates weak, sunken pasterns and long, curled toes. Cows that exhibited scores ranging from four to six were considered acceptable. If either score fell outside this range, the cow was considered undesirable. Acceptable and undesirable cows were evaluated for performance traits including pre-breeding body weight (PBW), pre-breeding body condition score (PBCS), cow body weight at weaning (CWW), cow body condition score at weaning (WBCS), pregnancy rate, 205 d adjusted weaning weight (AWW), and weaning performance (WP). Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.19) for WP, PBW, PBCS, CWW, or pregnancy rate. Cows with acceptable foot scores had a WBCS 5.49% greater (P < 0.001) than undesirable cows. Acceptable cows possessed an average WBCS of 4.9 compared to 4.6 in undesirable cows. Acceptable cows weaned calves 3.39% heavier (P = 0.024) compared to undesirable cows. Acceptable cows weaned calves with a mean AWW of 216.67 kg compared to undesirable cows with a mean of 209.56 kg. The results from this study suggest that cows with acceptable foot scores may maintain more desirable BCS and wean heavier calves. These results could be used to help predict cow performance based on FA and CS.
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Manjunath, Meghana, and Nandini T. "Prospective study on the knowledge and practice of foot care among diabetic patients." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 9, no. 6 (May 21, 2020): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20202183.
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Background: The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and the amputation rates due to DFUs are high in India. Proper diabetic foot care can minimize these rates. Although numerous such studies have been done, reinforcement of awareness to practice diabetic foot care is necessary to reduce the incidents of DFUs.Methods: 134 voluntary participants from SSMC, Tumkur and Karnataka Institute of Endocrinology and Research, Bangalore were included following ethical clearance. The patients were requested to fill the validated knowledge and practice questionnaire which were presented to them in their own language. Demographic details of the participants were also collected. The responses were recorded and statistically analyzed. A score of >70% was gauged as good, 50 to 70% as satisfactory and <50% as poor.Results: Of the 134 participants, 73.13% had good knowledge on foot care, 22.8% had good foot care practice and 73.13% had a satisfactory practice score. Patients with history of foot ulcer had a mean score (±SD) of 12.75 (±1.91) knowledge score and 47.75 (±6.05) practice score which is lower compared to those without history of ulcers, 13.86 (±2.37) and 55.40 (±6.88) respectively. Patients from urban and rural areas had about the same mean scores, 13.51 (±2.50), 54.98 (±6.83) and 13.30 (±2.60), 54.73 (±7.49) (knowledge, practice score) respectively.Conclusions: Foot care among diabetics is only satisfactory and has to be improved. Knowledge is the key to better practice so early diagnosis, repeated counselling, regular follow ups and good sugar control is necessary to reduce incidents of DFUs.
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McCahill, J., J. Stebbins, A. Lewis, R. Prescott, J. Harlaar, and T. Theologis. "P 163 – Validation of the Foot Profile Score." Gait & Posture 65 (September 2018): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.07.084.
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Cöster, Maria C., Björn E. Rosengren, Ann Bremander, Lars Brudin, and Magnus K. Karlsson. "Comparison of the Self-Reported Foot and Ankle Score (SEFAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS)." Foot & Ankle International 35, no. 10 (July 11, 2014): 1031–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100714543647.
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Kate, Riddhi, and Anagha Palkar. "Effect of Intrinsic Foot Muscle Exercises on Foot Posture Index in Obese Individuals with Pes Planus." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2021): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20211037.
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Background: Flatfoot (pes planus) is a postural deformity in which the arch of the foot collapses. Obesity increases the stresses applied to the foot directly, via increased bodyweight, and indirectly, via alterations to foot structure. Extrinsic and intrinsic foot muscles act as the main components of foot function. Foot posture index is a clinical tool used to quantify the degree to which a foot is pronated, neutral or supinated. Studies done have concluded that strengthening intrinsic muscles enhances dynamic support of MLA and foot stability. There is lack of literature on effectiveness of intrinsic exercise on flat foot in obese individuals, hence the present study is undertaken to assess and evaluate the effect of intrinsic foot muscle training on Foot Posture Index in obese individuals with pes planus. Methodology: This study was an experimental study where 30 obese patients were selected using convenient sampling. Pre and post treatment score of foot posture index was calculated. After that intrinsic foot muscle exercises and SFE were implemented on the subjects. Protocol (2times/day for 6weeks). Results: This study included 30 subjects consisting of 16 females and 14 males. Intra-group comparison of right leg and left leg foot posture index revealed that the FPI score scores were significantly reduced in obese individuals at sixth week from baseline (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Six-week short foot exercises and intrinsic foot muscle training was effective on reducing the foot pronation, pain and there was significant reduction in the FPI score in obese individuals with pes planus. Key words: SFE-Short Foot Exercises, FPI- Foot Posture Index, Pes Planus, Flat foot, Obese, Intrinsic foot muscle training.
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Kopen, Leni, Angela BM Tulaar, and Nyoman Murdana. "Foot Posture Characteristics in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis Patients." Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 7, no. 02 (November 1, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36803/ijpmr.v7i02.139.
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Introduction: Alteration of foot posture may influence the knee loading, particularly in medial compartment. The purpose of this study was to find the relation of foot postures with clinical finding in medial knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods: Subjects with medial KOA who met inclusion criteria were recruited consecutively, in Nursing home on August to October 2018. The foot posture has determined by Foot Posture Index (FPI). The severity of KOA has measured by Kelgreen-Lawrence (KL) grading system, and pain level using numeric rating score (NRS).Results: There were 37 subjects consisted of male and female with normal foot subsequently 17(8.5%) and 3(15%), male and female with abnormal food subsequently 3(15%) and 1(16%). There were 12 (32.43%) of pronated foot, 5 (13.51%) of supinated foot, and 20 (54.06%) of normal foot subjects. The subjects with abnormal foot posture have severe medial KOA (p<0.001), while the pain sensation similar between groups (p=0.321, p=0.688).Conclusion: There was a correlation between foot posture and the severity of medial KOA.Keywords: Foot posture, Knee osteoarthritis, Foot posture index, Numeric rating score
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Madeley, N. Jane, Kevin J. Wing, Claire Topliss, Murray J. Penner, Mark A. Glazebrook, and Alastair SE Younger. "Responsiveness and Validity of the SF-36, Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale, AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot Score, and Foot Function Index in End Stage Ankle Arthritis." Foot & Ankle International 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/fai.2012.0057.
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Background: We examined four commonly used scores, the SF-36, the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle Hindfoot Score, and the Foot Function Index (FFI) to determine their responsiveness and validity. Methods: Patients with end stage ankle arthritis were recruited into a prospective multicenter cohort study and baseline and one year outcome scores were compared. The Standardized Response Mean and Effect Size for the AOS, AOFAS, and FFI were calculated and the three region- or disease-specific scores were compared with the SF-36 to determine their criterion validity. Results: All four scores showed acceptable responsiveness, and when using the validated SF-36 as the standard the three region or disease specific scores all showed similar criterion validity. Conclusion: All four scores are responsive and can be considered for use in this population. The objective component of the AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot Score may make it harder to perform than the other three scores which have subjective components only, and as yet its objective component has not been shown to demonstrate reliability. We recommend use of a purely subjective score such as the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale or Foot Function Index as the region- or disease-specific score of choice in this population. As the SF-36 shows acceptable responsiveness, using it alone could also be considered. Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Comparative Study
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Lau, Johnny T. C., Nizar M. Mahomed, and Lew C. Schon. "Results of an Internet Survey Determining the Most Frequently Used Ankle Scores by AOFAS Members." Foot & Ankle International 26, no. 6 (June 2005): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070502600609.
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Background: With technological advances in ankle arthroplasty, there has been parallel development in the outcome instruments used to assess the results of surgery. The literature recommends the use of valid, reliable, and responsive ankle scores, but the ankle scores commonly used in clinical practice remain undefined. Methods: An internet survey of members of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) was conducted to determine which three ankle scores they perceived as most commonly used in the literature, which ones they believe are validated, which ones they prefer, and which they use in practice. Results: According to respondents, the three most commonly used scores were the AOFAS Ankle score, the Foot Function Index (FFI), and the Musculoskeletal Outcomes Data Evaluation and Management System (MODEMS). The respondents believed that the AOFAS Ankle score, FFI, and MODEMS were validated. The FFI and MODEMS are validated, but the AOFAS ankle score is not validated. Conclusions: Most respondents preferred using the AOFAS Ankle score. The use of the empirical AOFAS Ankle score continues among AOFAS members.
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Dube, Abhay Shankar, Manvender Gaur, Avinash Rastogi, and Rajat Kapoor. "Correlation of Foot Bimalleolar Angle with Pirani Scoring System in Clinical Evaluation of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus." Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery (Asia Pacific) 2, no. 1 (2015): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10040-1022.
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ABSTRACT The correlation of anteromedial foot bimalleolar angle with Pirani score evaluated prospectively in 120 children (204 feet) with congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV). The patients were divided into groups I, II and III based on clinical severity before casting, having the Pirani score 0 to 2, 2.5 to 4 and 4.5 to 6 respectively. Mean foot bimalleolar angle 75.75°, 67.62° and 58.28° of groups I, II and III respectively was correlated by standard deviation with their Pirani scores to evaluate the severity difference among the groups before initiation of the casting treatment. The change in clinical severity or Pirani score was further correlated with the change in mean foot bimalleolar angle at the time of completion of casting and before bracing. The foot bimalleolar angle is an objective, quantitative and reproducible method which can be used to classify, prognosticate and to monitor the progress of the treatment. Background The prospective observational study on role of foot bimalleolar angle against the Pirani scoring in clinical evaluation of club foot in 120 children (204 feet) with mean age of 5.4 months treated by Ponseti technique of casting. How to cite this article Dube As, Gaur M, Rastogi A, Kapoor R. Correlation of Foot Bimalleolar Angle with Pirani Scoring System in Clinical Evaluation of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2015;2(1):17-21.
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Bertelli, Hallan Douglas, Bruno Arvatti Michelin, Isabela Ferreira Perucci, Mário Sérgio Paulillo de Cillo, Carlos Daniel Candido Castro Filho, and Rodrigo Guimarães Huyer. "Functional evaluation of patients undergoing endoscopic calcaneoplasty for Haglund deformity." Journal of the Foot & Ankle 15, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/jfootankle.2021.v15.1564.
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Objective: To analyze the functional outcomes of patients undergoing endoscopic calcaneoplasty for the treatment of Haglund deformity. Methods: This study consists of a case series of patients undergoing endoscopic calcaneoplasty. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale, was used to evaluate patients before and 12 months after the procedure, providing preoperative and postoperative scores. Results: Nineteen patients were evaluated for a total of 24 endoscopic calcaneoplasties. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scale provided a mean preoperative score of 31.4 and a mean postoperative score of 93.3, which shows a significantly increased score after surgery. The mean patient age was 52 years, and the youngest patient was 25 years old and the oldest patient was 73 years old. However, no significant relationship was found between age and change in the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score. No complications were observed in the immediate or late postoperative periods. Conclusion: Arthroscopic resection is efficient in the treatment of Haglund deformity given the significant improvement in the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score observed after the procedure. Also, no postoperative complications were seen in patients who underwent endoscopic calcaneoplasty. Level of Evidence: IV; Therapeutic Studies; Case series.
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Mahendra, Juandra Prisma, and Fitriani Rahayu. "UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL BILANGAN DENGAN METODE BERMAIN FOOT AND HAND GAMES PADA ANAK KELOMPOK A PAUD YATINA PENJOR." Jurnal Riset Pendidikan dan Pengajaran 1, no. 2 (August 6, 2022): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.55047/jrpp.v1i2.240.
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This study aims to improve the ability to recognize numbers in children of group A in PAUD Yatina Penjor by using the method of playing foot and hand games. The type of research that researchers use is Classroom action research. The number of subjects in this study was 15 children consisting of 7 boys and 8 girls. Researchers used observation, test, and documentation techniques in data collection. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that through the foot and hand games method, children showed an increase in the results before the action was carried out, namely children who were completed or children who got BSH and BSB scores at the time before the action there were only 5 children with a score (33.3%) with an average score of 52, while increasing in cycle 1, namely children obtained completeness as many as 9 people with a score (60%) with an average score of 68.3. Meanwhile, in cycle II, the results were obtained that children with BSH and BSB scores increased to 13 children with a score (86.6%) with an average score of 84. It can be concluded from the results of the cycle that the foot and hand games method can improve the ability to recognize numbers in children of group A in PAUD Yatina Penjor.
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Christian, Matthew, Clifford Jeng, Rebecca Cerrato, John T. Campbell, Scott Koenig, Nathan O’Hara, and Michael Hull. "Patient reported disability of ankle, hindfoot, midfoot and hallux metatarsophalangeal arthritis." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000141.
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Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis, Hindfoot, Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: There has been in increased interest in foot and ankle arthritis in the literature in recent years. A significant focus of the literature has been which operative techniques are best for managing these problems. Some work has been done analogizing disability due to ankle arthritis to more familiar joints such as the hip. There is little data explaining how much patient reported disability is associated with each type of isolated foot and ankle arthritis. Various clinical rating scales have proven how debilitating foot and ankle arthritides can be to patients. The purpose of our study was to use Functional Foot Index (FFI) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) rating scales to compare the patient reported disability associated with ankle, hindfoot, midfoot, and hallux metatarsalphalangeal (MTP) arthritides. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the FFI and SF-12 (both Physical Component Scores (PCS) and Mental Component Scores (MCS)) of patients who presented to a high volume orthopaedic foot and ankle practice between 2010 and 2016 with either ankle, hindfoot, midfoot or hallux MTP arthritis. We included patients between 18-65 years of age who underwent a surgical procedure for arthritis within 6 months of their initial presentation. We excluded patients with any medical or surgical co-morbidities known to affect disability scores. A total of 214 FFI and 195 SF-12 data sets were included. Results: Study population SF-12 PCS scores for all patients with ankle or foot arthritis were significantly lower than US age-based norms. Patients with ankle arthritis had the highest disability (FFI score 46.5, SF-12 PCS 32.3). Patients with midfoot and hindfoot arthritis had intermediate disability (Midfoot FFI score 34.9, SF-12 PCS 34.5; Hindfoot FFI score 44.3, SF-12 PCS 34.5). Patients with hallux MTP arthritis had the lowest disability (FFI score 32.9, SF-12 PCS 40.7). All FFI and SF-12 PCS scores were statistically significant. SF 12 MCS were not statistically significant. Conclusion: All patients with foot and ankle arthritis had increased disability compared to US age-based norms. Patients with ankle arthritis experience the most self-reported disability and patients with hallux MTP arthritis experience the least self- reported disability of the isolated types of arthritis in orthopaedic foot and ankle.
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Cohen, A. D., A. Wolak, M. Alkan, R. Shalev, and D. A. Vardy. "AFSS: Athlete's foot severity score. A proposal and validation." Mycoses 45, no. 3-4 (April 2002): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0507.2002.00734.x.
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MOON, MARY ANN. "Wound Severity Score Aids Prognosis of Diabetic Foot Ulcers." Skin & Allergy News 38, no. 2 (February 2007): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-6337(07)70076-1.
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Bennett, Paul. "The Foot Heath Status Questionnaire—Correct scale score calculation." Foot 21, no. 2 (June 2011): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2011.01.002.
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Bansal, Rahul, Angad Jolly, P. B. Mohammed Farook, Idris Kamran, Syed Wahaj, and Vikas Hanasoge. "Management of congenital talipes equino varus using Ponseti method: 3 year follow up in 166 club feet." International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics 3, no. 4 (June 23, 2017): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20172890.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Our aim was to study the effectiveness of Ponseti method using Pirani score in children with club foot treated over the past three years at our hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We studied 111 children with 166 idiopathic club feet who were treated at our teaching hospital between period of January 2012 and January 2017.The foot deformities were assessed using Pirani score at the time of first visit and the scores were recorded with each subsequent visit, with each casting and manipulation until correction of deformity. Tenotomy was performed on all the idiopathic club feet and continued with Steenbeek foot abduction brace (FAB) and the scores were recorded with every follow up and the progress was noted. All the relevant data in terms of treatment and demographics were recorded with dates and maintained.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total of 166 feet of 111 children was treated out of which 72 were males and 39 were females. 55 children had bilateral involvement remaining were unilateral. Mean Pirani score was 5.5 (range 4-6) when the treatment was started. On an average 5.7 casts (range 3-9) were required before preforming a tenotomy. Tenotomy was performed on all the feet (100%) with idiopathic club foot. Foot abduction orthosis was given to all the patients and 108 patients (97.3%) were compliant. Mean Pirani score after three years of treatment was 0.26. Skin complications like blister formation were seen in three children during the course of the treatment. Four patients did not follow up and defaulted. Three patients had relapse or worsening of Pirani score. The recurrence or worsening of scores is thought to be due to poor compliance while using the foot abduction brace.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Ponseti method of treatment for CTEV is very effective, simple, non-invasive and convenient with excellent outcomes over long term with no significant complications.</p>
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George, Robinson, Joe Mathew, Vishnu M. L., and Jacob P. Thomas. "Efficacy of diabetic ulcer severity score in patients with diabetic foot ulcer in predicting prognosis." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 2961. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20213977.
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Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a full-thickness wound, skin necrosis or gangrene below the ankle induced by peripheral neuropathy or peripheral arterial disease in patients with diabetes. There are well-accepted classification systems for DFUs, namely Wagner’s scoring system, university of Texas scoring system etc. However, only few are scientifically validated. Diabetic ulcer severity score (DUSS) introduced by Beckert et al consists of easily accessible clinical parameters which categorizes wounds into specific subgroups for comparison of outcomes.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 250 diabetic ulcer patients, attending the out-patient department (OPD) of surgery, Pushpagiri institute of medical sciences, Tiruvalla.Results: Most common age group affected with diabetic foot was between 51-60 years (mean 58.9±10.2 years). Males accounted for 54% of patients. Most common ulcers were of score of 2 followed by score 3. Overall, 105 (42%) of 250 people had amputations in our study with majority undergoing minor amputation (30%) than the major amputation (12%). None of the patients with scores 0, 1 and 2 had major amputation. Probability of healing among the various scores were-100% for score 0, 97.9% for score 1, 83.4% for score 2, 17.7% for score 3 and 4.8% for score 4. Lower score is strongly associated with primary healing and higher score with amputations.Conclusions: DUSS system is an easy wound based diagnostic tool for anticipating probability of healing or amputation and need for surgery by assessing the four clinical parameters and combining them which is safe and easily reproducible.
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Menezes, Jose V. Francisco, Sreenidhi G. M., and Satya Vani K. "Clinical utility of diabetic ulcer severity score in surgical practice." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 7 (June 29, 2019): 2469. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20192976.
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Background: In surgical practice we come across many diabetic foot ulcer patients who often present late, leading to limb loss and even death. In the search for an effective screening tool to assess the severity of the disease and predict the outcome we have adopted the DUSS.Methods: Prospective study from October 2016 to April 2018 including 200 patients with diabetic foot ulcers conducted at Surgery Department in KIMS, Bangalore. DUSS was applied at the time of admission. DUSS comprises 4 clinical parameters: 1) pedal pulses, 2) probing to bone, 3) ulcer site and 4) ulcer number. These wounds were graded into score 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. Standard management was given to all patients according to a protocol. The outcome of treatment was recorded as healed ulcer, minor amputations, (toe or forefoot) or major amputations (below or above knee). Co-relation between the DUSS scores and final outcome was done.Results: Healing rates were higher in those with lower DUSS scores (88.9% in score 0 compared to 0% in Score 4). Minor amputation rates for scores 0, 1, 2,3 were 11.1%, 30.5%,28.3% and 44.1% respectively. Major Amputation rates were higher in patients with high DUSS scores i.e. 3 (41.8%) and 4 (100%).Conclusions: DUSS is an effective clinical tool to assess the severity of diabetic foot ulcers. DUSS scores help in predicting the outcome of treatment hence it can be used to counsel the patient regarding the disease and its prognosis. Patients with higher DUSS scores should require a more aggressive approach to minimise morbidity and mortality.
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Yucel, Ufuk, Sami Kucuksen, Havva T. Cingoz, Emel Anlıacik, Orhan Ozbek, Ali Salli, and Hatice Ugurlu. "Full-length silicone insoles versus ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection in the management of plantar fasciitis: A randomized clinical trial." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 37, no. 6 (March 7, 2013): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613478328.
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Background: Plantar fasciitis often leads to disability. Optimal treatment for this clinical condition is still unknown. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of wearing a full-length silicone insole with ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection in the management of plantar fasciitis. Study design: Randomized clinical trial. Methods: Forty-two patients with chronic unilateral plantar fasciitis were allocated randomly to have an ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection or wear a full-length silicone insole. Data were collected before the procedure and 1 month after. The primary outcome measures included first-step heel pain via Visual Analogue Scale and Heel Tenderness Index. Other outcome measures were the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score and ultrasonographic thickness of the plantar fascia. Results: After 1 month, a significant improvement was shown in Visual Analogue Scale, Heel Tenderness Index, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, and ultrasonographic thickness of plantar fascia in both groups. Visual Analogue Scale scores, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score pain, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score for activities of daily living, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score for sport and recreation function, and plantar fascia thickness were better in injection group than in insole group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Although both ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection and wearing a full-length silicone insole were effective in the conservative treatment of plantar fasciitis, we recommend the use of silicone insoles as a first line of treatment for persons with plantar fasciitis. Clinical relevance Silicone insole may be considered as a first-line treatment option in patients with plantar fasciitis.
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Yam, Timothy Tsz Ting, Shirley Siu Ming Fong, and William Wai Nam Tsang. "Foot posture index and body composition measures in children with and without developmental coordination disorder." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): e0265280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265280.
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Background Foot posture which forms the distal supporting structure influences on postural stability. Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) who are more likely to be overweight or obese may present with flat foot with symptoms that affect daily activities. The aim of this study was to compare the foot posture and body composition measures between children with and without DCD. In addition, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between foot posture and fat percentage. Methods Fifty-nine children with DCD (mean age = 8.07±1.10) and sixty-two typically developing children (mean age = 7.97±1.05) were recruited to the DCD and control group respectively. All children received a foot posture assessment and a whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. Foot Posture Index 6 (FPI-6) total scores, sub-scores and lower limb body composition measures including fat mass, lean mass, total mass, fat percentage and fat mass index were measured. Results Children with DCD revealed a significantly higher FPI-6 left (1.12; 95% CI: 0.172, 2.061) and right (1.15; 95% CI: 0.218, 2.079) total score. FPI-6 sub-scores (talar head palpation and abduction/adduction forefoot on rearfoot) illustrated significant differences between children with and without DCD. Children with DCD had a significantly higher total fat mass (1247.48g; 95% CI: 121.654, 2373.304), total fat percentage (1.82%; 95% CI: 0.115, 3.525) and fat mass index (0.56kg/m2; 95% CI: 0.036, 1.069). There was a significant relationship between FPI-6 right total score and total fat percentage. Conclusion The findings of this study showed that children with DCD exhibited significantly more pronated foot posture and higher body composition measures compared to typically developing children. Moreover, with FPI-6 right total score significantly related to the total fat percentage, it may require more than just detecting abnormal foot structures in children with DCD but also promoting a healthy lifestyle to prevent obesity.
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Kurkis, Gregory, Amalie Erwood, Samuel David Maidman, Wesley J. Manz, Ehab Nazzal, Thomas Lane Bradbury, and Jason Tyler Bariteau. "Mobility Limitation After Surgery for Degenerative Pathology of the Ankle, Hindfoot, and Midfoot vs Total Hip Arthroplasty." Foot & Ankle International 41, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100720907034.
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Background: Surgery for degenerative foot and ankle conditions often results in a lengthy recovery. Current outcome measures do not accurately assess postoperative mobility, especially in older patients. The Life-Space Assessment (LSA), a questionnaire quantifying patients’ mobility after a medical event, was used in this study to assess perioperative mobility in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and foot and ankle surgery patients. We hypothesized that patients undergoing elective foot and ankle surgery would have greater postoperative mobility limitation than THA patients. Methods: Preoperative, 3-month, and 6-month postoperative LSA data were collected from THA and foot and ankle cohorts. Twelve-month postoperative data were obtained for the foot and ankle group as well. Patient demographics were recorded, and data were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Twenty-eight degenerative foot and ankle operative patients and 38 THA patients met inclusion criteria. Only patients aged ≥60 years were included in this study. The mean preoperative LSA score was lower in the foot and ankle group (68.8) compared with THA (74.0), although the difference was not statistically significant ( P = .602). THA patients showed a significant increase in LSA score from preoperative (74) to 6 months postoperation (95.9) ( P = .003); however, foot and ankle patients showed no significant difference between preoperative (68.8) and 6-month (61.2) scores ( P = .468). Twelve months postoperatively, foot and ankle patients showed improvement in LSA score (88.3) compared with preoperation ( P = .065). Conclusion: Compared with THA, recovery of mobility after foot and ankle surgery was slower. THA patients exhibited improved mobility as early as 3 months after surgery, whereas foot and ankle patients did not show full improvement until 12 months. This work will assist the foot and ankle specialist in educating patients about challenges in mobility during their recovery from surgery. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.
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Ibrahim, Hilman, Willy Muljono, and Aria Kekalih. "Correlation of Spectral Doppler USG of Limb with PEDIS Score on Diabetic Foot Ulcers." Journal of Indonesian Society for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36864/jinasvs.2020.1.010.
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Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the most severe complications in a patient with diabetes mellitus because it will lead to with amputation, which results in disability and death. Doppler ultrasound is an easily available and non-invasive modality for evaluating lower limb arteries and can detect the severity of blood flow disorders or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). WHO recommends the classification of perfusion, extent/size, depth/tissue loss, infection, and sensation (PEDIS) as a tool for establishing the diagnosis and helping determine the management of diabetic foot. This study aims to see the correlation of PEDIS scores in assessing impaired lower limb arterial flow with Doppler ultrasound in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Method: This was a cross-sectional study with subjects who has diabetic foot ulcer treated in the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. The data of PEDIS scores and spectral ultrasound in the femoral artery, popliteal artery, dorsalis pedis artery, and posterior tibial artery were taken. Results: As many as 81 subjects participated in this study, with 52 people (64%) were male, 29 people (36%) were female, and an average age of 59.8 ± 10.5 years. Pedis cut-off scores were obtained using ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves, with popliteal arteries scores of >10, dorsalis pedis arteries, and posterior tibial arteries scores of >8 had the best values as diagnostic tools compared to USG as reference standards. Conclusion: PEDIS score could be use as assessment for impaired lower limb arterial flow, compare to Doppler ultrasound. Keywords: PEDIS score, Doppler ultrasound spectral, diabetic foot ulcer
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Cabe, Taylor N., Carolyn Sofka, Bryan Ang, Harry G. Greditzer, Sydney C. Karnovsky, and Mark C. Drakos. "Can the MOCART Scoring System Correlate with Patient Reported Foot and Ankle Outcome Scores After Ankle Cartilage Repair Procedures?" Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 2473011419S0012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419s00126.
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Category: Ankle, Arthroscopy, Sports Introduction/Purpose: The magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) scoring system was developed and modified to allow for assessment of articular cartilage repair tissue in the foot and ankle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the MOCART score following a variety of surgical procedures to repair chondral injuries within the ankle joint as well as to correlate these scores to clinically relevant functional outcomes scores. By correlating functional outcome scores with each variable evaluated by the MOCART scoring system as well as the presence of edema and cysts postoperatively, we aimed to identify the radiographic parameters most closely associated with clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients treated for a chondral injury after August 2006 by a fellowship-trained foot and ankle surgeon at our institution were included if their postoperative MRI and Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) were completed within 5 months of one another. Surgical interventions used to stimulate reparative cartilage formation included osteochondral graft transplantation, debridement, microfracture, microfracture augmented by bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), juvenile particulate cartilage implantation, or another adjunctive therapy like micronized allogenic cartilage extracellular matrix. Two radiologists (R1-R2) independently reviewed and scored each MRI using the MOCART system. A total MOCART score ranging between 0 and 100 was calculated for each patient. In addition, the presence or absence of postoperative cysts and edema was documented. Inter- and intra- rater reliability were calculated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and MOCART scores were correlated with FAOS to test for relative functional and clinical relevance. Correlations were calculated as Pearson Correlation Coefficients. Results: Forty-six patients (average age 35 +/- 13.49) under the care of nine different surgeons met inclusion criteria. Average follow-up was 18 months. For overall MOCART score, intra-rater ICC = 0.87 (p<0.01) for R1 and ICC = 0.78 (p<0.01) for R2. Inter-rater reliability ICC = 0.55 – 0.69 for total MOCART score (p<0.01). Overall MOCART score negatively correlated with pre-to-postoperative differences in FAOS subcategories. Correlation coefficients ranged from -0.09 to -0.48 for these variables. This correlation was significant (p<0.01) for the difference in the FAOS Pain and Activities of Daily Living subcategories. In addition, change in FAOS Pain subcategory (r = 0.42; p=0.01) and lesion size (r=0.45; p<0.01) had a moderate but significant correlation with the presence of postoperative cysts (r = 0.42; p=0.01). Conclusion: Intra-rater reliability for an overall MOCART score was relatively strong for each rater while the correlation between raters ranged from strong to moderate. As such, an overall MOCART score appears to be a somewhat reproducible measure. Weak to moderate negative correlational coefficients between the overall MOCART score and postoperative FAOS scores and changes in FAOS scores indicated the MOCART score may be limited in its ability to predict clinical outcomes. Finally, presence or absence of a postoperative cyst may be a useful category that significantly helps predict changes in FAOS pain as well as the size of the lesion preoperatively.
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Tsai, Meng-Chien, Hsiao-Ling Chuang, Cheng-Yi Huang, Shu-Hsin Lee, Wen-Chun Liao, Meng-Chih Lee, and Ching-Pyng Kuo. "Exploring the Relationship of Health Beliefs and Self-Care Behaviors Related to Diabetic Foot Ulcers of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 7207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137207.
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Objective: Diabetic foot ulcers are an invasive complication of diabetes and are increasing. This study investigates the relationship between health beliefs and foot self-care behaviors, among people with type II diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted, and 98 patients were recruited from outpatient clinics of the endocrine department. The questionnaires of Demographic, Diabetes Foot Ulcer Health Belief Scale (Health Beliefs, DFUHBS), and Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale (Self Care, DFSBS) were used to collect data. Results: Among the subjects living alone or who had diabetes less than ten years, the score of DFSBS was significantly lower than among those living with families or who had diabetes for ten years or more. The frequency of performing diabetes foot self-care behavior, among males was lower than among females significantly. Although there was no significant difference in the Health Belief total score, there were differences in the benefit subscale. Those who had junior high school level or less or had diabetes less than ten years, their score was significantly lower than those with senior high school level or more or had diabetes ten years or more. In a multivariable regression model, living with family, diabetes duration, and health beliefs explained 42.9% of the variance of diabetic-foot self-care behaviors. Conclusions: Living alone, shorter duration of diabetes, male gender, and lower health belief scores predict less adequate diabetic foot self-care behavior. Health care providers should assess these factors when designing individual care plans.
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Yıldırım Usta, Yasemin, Yurdanur Dikmen, Songül Yorgun, and İkbal Berdo. "Predictors of foot care behaviours in patients with diabetes in Turkey." PeerJ 7 (February 8, 2019): e6416. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6416.
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Background The management of diabetic foot complications is challenging, time-consuming and costly. Such complications frequently recur, and the feet of individuals with diabetes can be easily infected. The variables that predict foot care behaviours must be identified to improve foot care attitudes and behaviours. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the predictors of foot care behaviours in individuals with diabetes and the role of these variables. Methods This descriptive and analytic study was carried out between July 2015 and July 2016, and 368 outpatients with diabetes from a public hospital in Turkey were included. The participants had no communication, psychiatric or neurological problems and had been diagnosed with diabetes for at least 1 year. Foot care behaviour was the dependent variable and was evaluated with the foot care behaviour questionnaire. The relationship among foot care behaviours and sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes-related attitudes, disease perception, health beliefs and perceived social support was evaluated. Factors that independently predicted effective foot care behaviours were estimated via a linear regression analysis. Results The foot care behaviour score of the participants was above average (54.8 ± 5.0). Gender (t = −2.38, p = 0.018), history of a foot wound (t = −2.74, p = 0.006), nephropathy (t = 3.13, p = 0.002), duration subscale of the illness perception scores (t = 2.26, p = 0.024) and personal control subscale of the health belief scores (t = −2.07, p = 0.038) were significant predictors of foot care behaviours. These variables, which provided model compatibility, accounted for approximately 22.0% of the total variance of the foot care behaviour score (R = 0.47, R2 = 0.22, F = 5.48, p ≤ 0.001). Discussion Our results show factors that may affect diabetic foot care behaviours. Several of these factors prevent individuals from practising these behaviours. Further studies on the roles of barriers as predictors of foot care behaviours must be conducted.
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Wukich, Dane K., Junho Ahn, Katherine M. Raspovic, Javier La Fontaine, and Larry A. Lavery. "Improved Quality of Life After Transtibial Amputation in Patients With Diabetes-Related Foot Complications." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 16, no. 2 (April 21, 2017): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734617704083.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate health-related quality of life after major lower-extremity amputation in a cohort of patients with diabetes mellitus. We evaluated 81 patients with diabetes and transtibial amputation (TTA) who had a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Of these 81 patients, 50.6% completed the Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) preoperatively and postoperatively. Outcome measures before and after TTA were compared using Welch’s ANOVA for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. There was significant improvement in all 8 subscales of the SF-36, physical component summary (PCS) score, mental component summary (MCS) score, and the FAAM. The median SF-36 PCS score improved from 26.2 to 36.6 preoperatively versus postoperatively ( P < .0005). The postoperative PCS score improved in 75.6% of patients and worsened in 24.4%. The median SF-36 MCS score improved from 43.7 to 56.1 preoperatively versus postoperatively ( P < .0005). Both the FAAM activities of daily living (ADL; P < .005) and FAAM sports scores ( P < .05) improved significantly. The postoperative FAAM general/ADL score improved in 75.6% of patients and worsened in 24.4%. Patients who were nonambulatory postoperatively had significantly lower SF-36 general health subscale scores and lower FAAM scores than patients who were ambulatory postoperatively. In select patients with nonfunctional lower extremities resulting from instability and/or chronic infection, TTA can result in significant improvement in quality of life and lower-extremity function. We acknowledge that 25% of patients had a reduction in self-reported quality of life; however, 75% of patients improved their quality of life.
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Gandhi, Chinmay, Prameyratna Kadam, Venkateswarlu Kamepalli, and Yugantara Kadam. "PEDIS grading and its role in diabetic foot ulcer management." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 7 (June 29, 2019): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20192990.
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Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is the commonest cause of hospitalization in diabetic patients. Amputation is one of its dreaded complications, which deteriorates quality of life and increases mortality. Most of amputations are preventable and it is essential to define standard and efficient approach to treat diabetic foot ulcer in a timely manner. The first step is to define correct grade of diabetic foot ulcer and its risk of developing complications. Aim was to assess the outcome of treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with the given PEDIS score and to find the role of PEDIS score in predicting the outcome.Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. PEDIS score was calculated after all variables were categorized for a give patient and documented. PEDIS score was recorded for each patient. Patients followed up for 6 months and outcome was categorized as healed, unhealed, amputed, or death. Study was carried out till adequate sample size was achieved.Results: High PEDIS score in diabetic foot ulcer was associated with peripheral neuropathy. Adverse outcome like amputation and unhealed ulcer were more seen with high PEDIS score. All amputed patients were having high PEDIS score.Conclusions: PEDIS score is more useful in clinical practice for diabetic foot ulcer grading and can be uniformly applied to compare outcome all over the world.
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Cody, Elizabeth, Carol Mancuso, Jayme Burket, Anca Marinescu, Aoife MacMahon, Constantine Demetracopoulos, David Levine, et al. "Patients’ Expectations from Foot and Ankle Surgery." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 2473011416S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000007.
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Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Few authors have investigated patients’ expectations from foot and ankle surgery, and standardized means of assessing expectations are lacking. Managing patients’ preoperative expectations may help improve their ultimate satisfaction with surgery. In a previous study (in press), we developed a valid and reliable patient-derived expectations survey for patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery. In this study, we aimed to examine relationships between patients’ preoperative expectations and their demographic and clinical characteristics. We hypothesized that patients with more disability and those with anxiety or depressive symptoms would have greater expectations. Methods: All adult patients scheduled for elective foot or ankle surgery by one of six orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons were screened for inclusion over eight months. Preoperatively, patients completed the Foot & Ankle Surgery Expectations Survey in addition to the Foot & Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), Short Form (SF)-12, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7), and pain visual analog scale (VAS). The expectations survey contains 23 expectations categories, each with five answer choices ranging from I do not have this expectation to complete improvement expected. It is scored from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater expectations. Differences in expectations score with categorical variables were assessed with t-tests and single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differences in number of expectations and number of expectations with complete improvement expected were assessed with Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests. Relationships between expectations and continuous variables were assessed with linear regression. Results: 352 patients (average age 55 ± 15, range 18 to 86) were enrolled. Expectations were not significantly related to age. Women expected to achieve complete improvement more often than men (p = 0.011). Other factors significantly associated with higher expectations (p < 0.05) included non-Caucasian race, workers’ compensation, use of a cane or other assistive device, diagnosis of ankle instability or osteochondral lesion, and greater medical comorbidity (Table). Patients with a history of prior orthopaedic surgery were less likely to expect complete improvement. Worse function and quality of life (as assessed by all FAOS subscales and SF-12 physical and mental components), more depressive and anxiety symptoms, and higher pain VAS scores were associated with higher expectations scores and more expectations (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion: The results of this study may help inform surgeons’ preoperative discussions with their patients regarding realistic expectations from surgery. Generally patients with worse function and more disability had higher expectations from surgery. Addressing these patients’ expectations preoperatively may help improve their ultimate satisfaction with surgery.
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Alrub, Ahmad Abu, Dana Hyassat, Yousef S. Khader, Radwan Bani-Mustafa, Nidal Younes, and Kamel Ajlouni. "Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life among Jordanian Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer." Journal of Diabetes Research 2019 (January 17, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4706720.
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Objective. This study is aimed at determining factors associated with the quality of life among Jordanian diabetic patients with foot ulcers. Methods. 144 consecutive patients with diabetic foot ulcers aged ≥ 18 years who were attending the diabetic foot clinic at a diabetes-specialized center were included in this study. Health-related quality of life was assessed using two self-administered questionnaires: Diabetic Foot Scale-Short Form (DFS-SF) and Short Form-8 (SF-8). Results. Patients with diabetic foot ulcer had low mean DFS-SF score and low mean scores on physical and mental component summary scales (PCS8 and MCS8). Males had significantly higher DFS-SF score indicating better health-related quality of life than females (P value 0.038). A patient with stressful life events had significantly lower health-related quality of life using DFS-SF scale and SF-8 summary scales. Patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and patients with obesity had lower DFS-SF and PCS8 quality of life. Conclusion. Patients with diabetic foot ulcer had low quality of life. Female gender, obesity, presence of PVD, and stressful life events were the most important factors associated with lower quality of life in patients with diabetic foot ulcer.
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R, Venkat, Suguru Rav Kumar, Penugonda Ravi Shankar, and Deety Lakshmi Venkatesh. "To Evaluate the Role of Pirani Score in Deformity Assessment and Management of Club Foot by Ponseti Method – A Hospital Based Prospective Study from Tirupati." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 29 (July 19, 2021): 2633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/485.
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BACKGROUND Pirani scoring system is one of the classification systems in management of club foot which is simple and easy to use. However, there is paucity of studies using Pirani system to determine the severity and monitor progress in the treatment of club foot. We therefore set out with the aim of assessing severity and monitoring the progress of treatment using the Pirani scoring system. The Pirani scoring system, together with the Ponseti method of club foot management, was assessed for its predictive value. METHODS It was a hospital-based prospective study of 57 club foot in 41 patients designed to evaluate the role of Pirani score in deformity assessment and management of club foot by Ponseti method. Consecutive patients presenting at the outpatient department at SVRRGGH, Tirupati with idiopathic club foot, and in-patients department with idiopathic club foot were recruited into the study. Informed consent was obtained from parents/guardians of the patients that were recruited in the study. This was a prerequisite for obtaining the ethical approval. Data collected from the study groups was entered into a worksheet, and analysis was performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software for windows version 21. Significant statistical inferences were drawn at p & lt ; 0.05. RESULTS The correlation between the midfoot score, hindfoot score, Pirani score and the number of casts to achieve correction was significant (P = 0.001). Also, there was correlation between the Pirani score and the need for tenotomy (P = 0.001); between the number of casts to achieve correction and the need for tenotomy (P = 0.001). Moreover, the progress of treatment can be monitored with the Pirani score (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Pirani scoring system is a simple, easy, quick and reliable system to determine severity and monitor progress in the treatment of club foot with excellent interobserver variability. KEYWORDS Pirani Score, Club Foot, Ponseti Method
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Freibott, Christina, Seth C. Shoap, and J. Turner Vosseller. "Readability and Suitability of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Health Literacy Assessment." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00218.
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Category: Other; Ankle; Hindfoot; Midfoot/Forefoot; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Health literacy is consistently reported as one of the best predictors of health status. This becomes even more important considering the complex medical information that is communicated to a patient during a clinical visit. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used on a standard of care basis in orthopedic surgery, and consistently included in research projects to elucidate meaningful clinical information. While there have been published assessments on the reading grade level of orthopedic PROMs in general, few address foot and ankle specific outcome measures. There have been no reports on aesthetic component of these PROMs, which have a major impact on readability. The purpose of this study is to report on the literacy, readability, and suitability of PROMs in foot and ankle surgery. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted to identify the most frequently utilized foot and ankle PROMs. Two recent systematic reviews identified 86 total PROMs in orthopedic surgery, 8 of which were foot and ankle specific. For the readability component, the Flesh-Kincaid reading grade level was assessed for each PROM. For the aesthetic component, the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) was utilized to assess for content, literacy demand, graphics, layout, typography, learning stimulation, motivation and cultural appropriateness. SAM is a validated measure for analyzing print materials, and designate rankings of not suitable, adequate, or superior, based on results of the analysis. SAM scores were evaluated for all included PROMs by two investigators and averaged together for increased validity. Descriptive statistics were performed on all results. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Version 24.0. Results: The average Flesh-Kincaid grade for all PROMs was 6.12 (+-2.2, range 3.9-8.5). 5 of the 8 (62.5%) PROMs were at or below the AMA-recommended 6th grade reading level, with 6 of 8 (75.0%) below the NIH-recommended 8th grade reading level. The average SAM score for all included foot and ankle PROMs was ‘adequate,’ receiving a score of 1. 1 PROM was designated ‘not suitable,’ with the remaining 7 deemed ‘adequate.’ The area that scored the lowest on the SAM assessment was the ‘graphics’ section. Conclusion: The PROMs used in foot and ankle surgery perform well on the Flesh-Kincaid score in comparison to both the AMA and NIH reading grade level standards. The highest rating for the SAM score was average, indicating room for improvement in suitability. The inclusion of graphics and illustrations would make these scores more easily understood by patients, which can improve their healthcare experience and improve patient satisfaction and health outcomes.
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DeZeeuw, Katrina G., and Nancy Dudek. "Orthosis Comfort Score: Establishing initial evidence of reliability and validity in ankle foot orthosis users." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 43, no. 5 (August 5, 2019): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364619866611.
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Background: Comfort of an orthosis is an important characteristic that is likely to dictate use of and satisfaction with a device. However, instruments to assess only orthosis user comfort do not exist. The Prosthetic Socket Fit Comfort Score, developed previously for prosthesis users, may be adapted to serve this purpose. Objectives: This study’s purpose was to assess the validity and reliability of the Orthosis Comfort Score, a self-report instrument adapted from the Prosthetic Socket Fit Comfort Score. Study design: This is a prospective, observational study designed to establish initial evidence of validity and reliability for an outcome measure that assesses comfort. Methods: Ankle foot orthosis users completed the Orthosis Comfort Score and two validated patient satisfaction questionnaires. An orthotist documented an assessment of fit. Post-visit Orthosis Comfort Scores were documented after the appointment and 2–4 weeks later. Orthosis Comfort Scores were compared to the patient satisfaction questionnaires, assessment of fit and orthosis use (hours per week). Results: There were 46 study participants. Orthosis Comfort Scores had a moderate positive correlation with their orthotist’s assessment of fit, very strong positive correlations with patient satisfaction questionnaires and fair positive correlation with orthosis use (all correlations p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates initial evidence for the validity and reliability of the Orthosis Comfort Score in ankle foot orthosis users. Clinical relevance The Orthosis Comfort Score is a simple patient-reported outcome measure that can be readily incorporated into clinical practice or research study to obtain a rapid assessment of comfort. It can be used to facilitate communication about device fit, evaluate comfort over time and/or assess changes in comfort with a new device.