Journal articles: 'Food regulation'

1

Liudmyla, Golovko. "Legal regulation of food security in the EU." Law. Human. Environment 10, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/law2019.01.018.

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Danker-Hopfe, Heidi, Kirsten Roczen, and Ute Löwenstein-Wagner. "Regulation of food intake during the menstrual cycle." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 53, no. 3 (June 28, 1995): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/53/1995/231.

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Martland, Rebecca. "Food regulation changes." Child Care 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2014): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/chca.2014.11.12.4.

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Epishov, A. P., A. V. Voronov, and M. A. Kovalenko. "Legal Regulation of Food Waste Handling in Russia." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 20, no. 1 (February 7, 2023): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2023-1-66-75.

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Problems dealing with legal regulations of food waste handling are an acute sphere for the Russian Federation. Foods with expiring period and food losses can contaminate the environment and harmful and dangerous substances, which they exude, can get into near-by springs, rivers and arable fields. Water from contaminated rivers and springs, as well as bread cultivated on such fields can be consumed by peoples living in surrounding villages and towns, which can ruin their health. Today the effective system of food waste regulation includes numerous legislative and normative acts inscribed in different legislative blocks: general legislation, legislation on wastes, veterinary legislation and legislation on technical regulation, sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. However, there are a lot of problems dealing with food waste handling that have not been exposed in a proper way. The Federal Law dated June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ ‘Concerning Wastes of Production and Consumption’ does not provide the definition of ‘food waste’. The requirements for obligatory separate stocking of foods are stipulated only by legislation on technical regulation and sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. The requirements for utilization of foods are envisaged by veterinary legislation, legislation on technical regulation and sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. The owner of food waste can chose ways and conditions of utilization and possible methods of food waste destruction. After analyzing the effective normative acts covering requirements for food waste handling the authors came to the conclusion that the major part of these legislative blocks does not provide conditions of priority utilization of food waste.

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Nie, P. Y., and Y. H. Chen. "A general equilibrium analysis of food industry considering the food quality." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 7 (July 18, 2014): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/115/2013-agricecon.

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By establishing a dynamic equilibrium model, the paper analyses the equilibrium of the food industry and the equilibrium about the food quality as well as quantity is achieved. Firstly, the study examines the effects of competitions on the price, outputs, profits and social welfare. The authors argue that competition reduces the food quality. Secondly, this paper shows that consumers benefit from the quality regulation while producers undertake a loss. Moreover, social welfare first increases then decreases with the regulation. Thirdly, the optimal quality regulation is presented and a higher quality regulation reduces competition, while the lower quality regulation promotes it. Finally, the effects of fixed costs on the equilibrium number of firms in the corresponding industry are captured.  

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Lähteenmäki-Uutela, A., S. B. Marimuthu, and N. Meijer. "Regulations on insects as food and feed: a global comparison." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 7, no. 5 (August 13, 2021): 849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2020.0066.

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Insects, as a food and or feed source, represent an emerging protein source relevant to farmers, feed companies, food companies and food marketers globally. The growth of this industry is somewhat restricted due to outdated food and feed regulations covering insect use. The regulations also do not allow the use of all potential insects as food and feed. Governments aim to ensure food and feed safety, and each country has its own substantive and procedural rules for this purpose. However, the regulatory demands and differences between countries complicate the international marketing strategies for insect products. Food and feed regulation are separate; feed regulation may allow insect usage even when they are not allowed as food. Some countries have specific rules for novel foods, while others do not. This paper compares insect food and feed regulation of the primary production and marketing areas: the European Union, the United States, Canada, and Australia. In addition, the situation in selected countries in Central and South America, Asia and Africa is also discussed.

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Lewis, Janine L. "The regulation of protein content and quality in national and international food standards." British Journal of Nutrition 108, S2 (August 2012): S212—S221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512002425.

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Food regulation aims to protect public health through a safe and nutritious food supply produced by a compliant food industry. Food standards of developed countries generally do not regulate protein content or protein quality because the risk of dietary protein inadequacy in their national populations is very low. Protein is nevertheless regulated for reasons of product quality or protein labelling or to minimise assessed health risks associated with consumption of certain animal- and vegetable-protein foods; analogue products that extend or simulate commonly available animal-protein foods; and special purpose foods such as infant formula and foods, supplementary and medical foods, and foods for weight loss. The extent and approach to protein regulation varies greatly among jurisdictions but where it occurs, it is applied through minimum and sometimes maximum limits on protein content or quality measures or both using an inter-related approach. Protein quality measures range from amino acid profiles and digestibility corrected scores to protein rating, a rat bioassay and reference proteins not further described. Regulatory methods for protein quality determination are referenced to the published scientific literature or developed nationally. Internationally, the Codex Alimentarius regulates the protein content and quality of some foods. The Codex approach varies according to the food but is similar to the approaches used in national and regional food regulation. This paper provides a comparison of the regulation of protein in foods using examples from the food regulations of Australia New Zealand, Canada, the European Union, the United States of America and the Codex Alimentarius.

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Klein, Samuel. "Regulation of Food Intake." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 32, no. 5 (September 2008): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607108321710.

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Ridge, Stephen. "Food Regulation and Retailing." British Food Journal 91, no. 5 (May 1989): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000002295.

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Jukes, D. J. "International Food Regulation Handbook." Food Control 2, no. 2 (April 1991): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7135(91)90150-u.

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Miller, Henry I., and Eric L. Flamm. "Biotechnology and food regulation." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 4, no. 3 (June 1993): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-1669(93)90092-b.

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Sarkadi, Livia Simon, and Veronika Gál. "Novel Foods: Regulation, Health and Safety Considerations." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 66, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-012-0009-9.

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Abstract Under the Novel Food Regulation (258/97/EC), a novel food is defined as a food or food ingredientthat does not have a significant history of consumption within the European Union prior to 15May 1997. Novel foods are required to undergo a pre-market safety assessment and must beauthorised before they can legally be marketed in the EU. A proposal to revise and update the EUNovel Food Regulation was published in 2008. This proposed a definition for nanomaterials, acentralised and faster authorisation procedure and specific measures for traditional foods fromthird countries. As a result of disagreement on the inclusion of foods from cloned animals, theEuropean Parliament and Council were unable to reach agreement on the new regulation beforethe deadline of 30 March 2011. New discussions on the updated Regulation are expected to takeplace in 2012. So far 66 novel foods and food ingredients have been authorised for use in the EU.The most popular products are Noni juice (juice of the fruits of Morinda citrifolia) and phytosterolsin a number of foodstuffs

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Vorzhevitina, H. I. "Legal Regulation of the Level of Food Provision for the Population of Ukraine." Business Inform 1, no. 516 (2021): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-1-171-176.

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The article is concerned with studying the problems of legal regulation of the level of food provision for the population of Ukraine. The norms of both the legislative and by-law acts regulating food security and food provision, as well as the work of scholars who studied this problem before, were examined. Food provision for the population of Ukraine can be defined as the State-based providing citizens of Ukraine with access to food of proper quality in the amount sufficient for the normal functioning of the human body and preservation of its health. This concept is closely related to the concept of food security. Food security is a state of physical provision by the main food groups of the appropriate level of quality and safety, as well as the forming of the State food reserve not lower than the officially established limit norm. The level of food provision for the population of Ukraine should meet the needs of citizens in a sufficient amount of food of proper quality. The normative legal acts regulating the level of food provision for the population of Ukraine can be divided into the following groups: defining requirements for the safety and quality of food products; consolidating the legal status of food producers; carrying out legislative regulation of the legal status of agricultural land; establishing measures of the State support for food producers; implementing the State regulation of imports of agricultural products; intended for legal regulation of wholesale and retail trade in foods; ensuring the State regulation of food prices; determining standards of the subsistence minimum for the citizens of Ukraine. Proposals on amendments to the Law of Ukraine «On subsistence minimum» to ensure an adequate level of food provision for the population of Ukraine are formulated.

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Osanai, Minoru, Daisuke Hirano, Shiori Mitsuhashi, Kohsei Kudo, Shota Hosokawa, Megumi Tsushima, Kazuki Iwaoka, et al. "Estimation of Effect of Radiation Dose Reduction for Internal Exposure by Food Regulations under the Current Criteria for Radionuclides in Foodstuff in Japan Using Monitoring Results." Foods 10, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040691.

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This study examined the effect of food regulations under the current criteria (e.g., 100 Bq/kg for general foods) established approximately a year after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Foods are monitored to ensure that foods exceeding the standard limit are not distributed; ~300,000 examinations per year have been performed especially since FY2014. This study comprehensively estimated the internal exposure dose resulting from the ingestion of foods containing radioactive cesium using the accumulated monitoring results. Committed effective dose was conservatively calculated as the product of the radioactive concentration randomly sampled from test results, food intake, and dose coefficient. The median, 95th, and 99th percentile of the dose were 0.0479, 0.207, and 10.6 mSv/y, respectively, in the estimation with all test results (without regulation), and 0.0430, 0.0790, and 0.233 mSv/y, respectively, in the estimation with results within the standard limits (with regulation) in FY2012. In FY2016, the dose with and without regulation were similar, except for high percentile, and those doses were significantly smaller than 1 mSv/y, which was adopted as the basis for the current criteria. The food regulation measures implemented in Japan after the FDNPP accident have been beneficial, and food safety against radionuclides has been ensured.

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15

Hron, J., and T. Macák. "Control of food products’ quality." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 5 (June 1, 2009): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/28/2009-agricecon.

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The paper deals with one of the significant parts of the concept related to controlling production quality, which is the analysis of production quality stability done for the following production procedure regulation aimed at the food manufacturing industry. The proposed methodology (respecting the change of location and variability of the food quality characteristics) will be introduced on the milk quality regulation. Also, there is the frequent problem solved out here in the report that relates to food quality measuring – their self-regulation by using the statistical calculation of self-regulation higher classes’ coefficients and also using the functional statement taken from the differential description.

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Shoji, Masahiro, Reiko Adachi, and Hiroshi Akiyama. "Japanese Food Allergen Labeling Regulation: An Update." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0389.

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Abstract The Japanese food allergen labeling regulation was designed to match real Japanese food allergy circumstances and also to be enforced effectively; thus, (1) regulated food allergens were selected by prevalence and seriousness according to food allergy surveys in Japan; (2) the detection criterion for ELISA monitoring, 10 μg food allergen protein/g (or mL) food, was set up as the threshold value to regulate commercial prepackaged foods; and (3) official food allergen analytical methods, which can determine the threshold value accurately, were developed. These three points are distinctive from other countries. Furthermore, as an on-going project, the regulation has been amended according to food allergy circumstances and requirements of society. This paper presents recent changes regarding the Japanese food allergen labeling regulation. To date, the Japanese food allergen labeling regulation has been enforced for more than 15 years and seems to be working effectively. Now would be an opportune time to review the regulation for its next level of development.

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17

Knezevic, Irena. "Illicit food: Canadian food safety regulation and informal food economy." Critical Policy Studies 10, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 410–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19460171.2015.1102750.

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18

Omidvar, Nasrin, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh, Maryam Amini, Mina Babashahi, Zahra Abdollahi, and Mansour Ranjbar. "Food Marketing to Children in Iran: Regulation that Needs Further Regulation." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 722–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.9.3.02.

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Increased exposure to advertising of unhealthy food products is one of the main risk factors for the increased prevalence of childhood obesity and non-communicable diseases. This scoping review aimed to investigate the characteristics and effects of food advertisements targeted at children in Iran and review the existing regulations on food marketing targeted at children in the country. In this study, we searched Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google, and Google scholar, in addition to Iranian scientific search engines, including Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (Iran.doc), Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranmedex, Magiran, and Civilica up to December 2020 to find any literature about food marketing to children in Iran and current related regulations and policies in the country. A total of 23 eligible studies were selected for this review. Most of the studies had focused on television as the media to assess. The main food products advertised with reference to children included: Salty snacks, including cheese puffs, chips, cheese fish snacks, puffed corn, and sweet snacks such as ice creams, cakes/biscuits/cookies and candies, beverages/drinks/soft drinks/fruit juices, dried fruits and fruit rolls, and chocolates. Strategies that most commonly used in marketing foods to children in Iran were emotional appeals, misleading messages/claims, use of music and known characters to children, as well as conveying happiness and/or security. The main reported violation of food regulations included using obese children, either as consumers or presenters of the product. In Iran the advertising of unhealthy food products for the general population is banned; however, it is weakly implemented. There are a limited number of regulations that have addressed children explicitly in this regard. The main barriers identified in partial implementation of regulations included weakness in scientific criteria, legal enforcement guarantee, poor intersectoral collaboration, inadequate infrastructures, and poor monitoring. Policies and regulations in food marketing need to clearly address children as an important audience. It is suggested future policies focused on children cover all forms of food marketing and consider all types of persuasive food marketing strategies targeted at children.

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Martirosyan, Danik, Trevor Lampert, and Morgan Ekblad. "Classification and regulation of functional food proposed by the Functional Food Center." Functional Food Science 2, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffs.v2i2.890.

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There has yet to be a consensus on the definition of functional foods (FF), and accordingly many institutions lack a comprehensive process for its classification. The Functional Food Center (FFC) has previously proposed a multi-step process for the development of functional food products and ways by which to bring them to market without means to classify established items. This article is advancing the previously proposed methodology with the addition of new steps. The newest steps focus on themes of transparency by the publishing of peer-reviewed articles for the functional food product as mandatory for accreditation. In doing so, this will provide greater access to information for the functional food market, as well as, acceptance and trustworthiness of functional claims. Additionally, the Functional Food Center has created a new system for categorizing functional foods. The new categorization system uses improved research on epidemiological and after market studies, and evaluates the quality of evidence for the functional food product (FFP) as A, B, or C. A classification of A denotes the completion of aftermarket research, epidemiological studies, and certification of functional food status. Classification B denotes completion of epidemiological studies and certification of functional food status. Lastly, C indicates that the product has only been certified as functional. The Functional Food Center’s definition of functional foods, steps on how to create functional foods, and proposed categorization will help to describe our proposed regulation of FFP. KEYWORDS: Functional Food Classification, Functional Food Regulation, Functional Food Products, Categorization Grades of Functional Food, How to Create Functional Food, Bioactive Compounds, Functional Food Definition

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Hooker, Neal H. "Food safety regulation and trade in food products." Food Policy 24, no. 6 (December 1999): 653–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-9192(99)00069-x.

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Boon, Brigitte, Wolfgang Stroebe, Henk Schut, and Anita Jansen. "Food for thought: Cognitive regulation of food intake." British Journal of Health Psychology 3, no. 1 (February 1998): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.1998.tb00553.x.

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PAULI, G. H., and L. M. TARANTINO. "FDA Regulatory Aspects of Food Irradiation." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.2.209.

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The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act requires that a food that has been irradiated may not be sold in the United States unless the Department of Health and Human Services finds that the food is safe and issues a regulation specifying safe conditions of irradiation. This presentation briefly outlines the types of information needed to issue an authorizing regulation, describes the conditions under which food may currently be irradiated, and discusses the basis for current regulations.

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Eberhardie, Christine. "Nutritional supplements and the EU: is anyone happy?" Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 66, no. 4 (October 25, 2007): 508–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665107005824.

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In 2000 an estimated £335×106 was spent on food supplements and herbal remedies in the UK. Until recently, The Trades Description Act 1968, the Food Safety Act 1990 and The Food Labelling Regulations 1996 (amended 2004) were the only form of regulation available to protect the public. The medical community has been concerned about the risk to patients of inaccurate dosages and poor-quality products as well as drug–nutrient and nutrient–nutrient interactions. Following growing concern about the type and quality of food supplements and herbal remedies available in the EU, the European Commission has published directives regulating food supplements (2002/46/EC) and herbal remedies (2004/24/EC and 2004/27/EC) available within the EU. The directives came into force in 2005 and limit the number and quality of permitted food supplements through the creation of a ‘positive list’ of approved supplements. In the present paper the new regulatory frameworks and the implications for the food supplement manufacturers, traditional and complementary therapists, the healthcare professions and patients will be examined. It would appear that there is considerable dissatisfaction with the regulations in their present form. Several questions remain: is regulation the answer; who decides which nutrients go on the positive list; what effect has the regulation had on patient safety and patient choice?

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Sokołowski, Łukasz Mikołaj. "Nowa żywność a współczesne wyzwania żywnościowe – wybrane aspekty prawne." Przegląd Prawa Rolnego, no. 1(22) (June 1, 2018): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ppr.2018.22.1.8.

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The subject of the discussion is the regulation of novel foods, in particular EU Regulation No. 2015/2283, while the aim of the article is to answer the question whether novel foods can help to meet modern food challenges, and in particular to ensure food safety and food security. The solutions adopted in the Regulation enable alternative food to be placed on the EU market, ensuring at the same time a high level of protection of consumers’ health and life. Novel foods are therefore an opportunity to make the right to food a reality, but only if it does not pose a risk to human health and life. Hence, the regulation of the placing of novel foods on the market focuses in particular on ensuring their safety.

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Baraniak, Justyna, and Małgorzata Kania-Dobrowolska. "Fundamental regulations concerning novel food products and food for special medical purposes with plant ingredients." Herba Polonica 65, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2019-0019.

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Summary A lot of products from food category specified in Regulation No. 609/2013 may contain herbal substances or their preparations. Definitions of food for infants and toddlers, food for special medical purposes, and total diet replacement for weight control are now clearly regulated by UE food legislation. The concept and definition of foodstuffs for particular nutritional published in Directive 2009/39/EC of the European Parliament and Council of 6 May 2009 do not apply. On 22 February 2019, Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/128 complementary to Regulation (EU) No. 609/2013, regarding specific compositional and information requirements for food of special medical purposes was applied. Novel foods and novel food ingredients are foods which have not been used for human consumption in UE to a significant degree before 15 May 1997.

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Schmidt, Alexander M. "Science vs. Food Drug Regulation." Clinical Research Practices and Drug Regulatory Affairs 5, no. 5-6 (January 1987): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10601338709032962.

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27

FURUSE, Mitsuhiro. "Food Intake Regulation in Poultry." Japanese poultry science 33, no. 5 (1996): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.33.275.

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Seeley, RJ, and MW Schwartz. "Neuroendocrine regulation of food intake." Acta Paediatrica 88, s428 (February 1999): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb14352.x.

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Cummings, David E., and Joost Overduin. "Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake." Journal of Clinical Investigation 117, no. 1 (January 2, 2007): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci30227.

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Chaptini, Louis, and Steven Peikin. "Neuroendocrine regulation of food intake." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 24, no. 2 (March 2008): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mog.0b013e3282f3f4d8.

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Croall, Hazel. "Food, crime, harm and regulation." Criminal Justice Matters 90, no. 1 (December 2012): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09627251.2012.751218.

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York, David A. "Metabolic Regulation of Food Intake." Nutrition Reviews 48, no. 2 (April 27, 2009): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1990.tb02907.x.

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Goldman, L. R. "Fungicide Regulation and Food Safety." Science 267, no. 5201 (February 24, 1995): 1080–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7726989.

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Mellon, M. "Food Security: Rigorous Regulation Required." Science 328, no. 5975 (April 8, 2010): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.328.5975.171.

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Karhunen, Leila, and Karl-Heinz Herzig. "Neuroendocrinological regulation of food intake." Regulatory Peptides 149, no. 1-3 (August 2008): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regpep.2008.03.013.

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BIRCH, LEANN L., and JENNIFER O. FISHER. "Food Intake Regulation in Children." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 819, no. 1 Nutritional I (May 1997): 194–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51809.x.

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Laverty, Anthony A., Simon Capewell, and Christopher Millett. "Regulation and the food industry." Lancet 381, no. 9881 (June 2013): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61155-1.

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Barennes, Hubert, Percy Aaron, Sophie Goyet, and Leila Srour. "Regulation and the food industry." Lancet 381, no. 9881 (June 2013): 1901–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61156-3.

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Bes-Rastrollo, Maira, and Miguel Ruiz-Canela. "Regulation and the food industry." Lancet 381, no. 9881 (June 2013): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61157-5.

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Katz, Russell. "Food and Drug Administration Regulation." CNS Spectrums 13, S16 (2008): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900027085.

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As disease-modifying therapies near realization, there are concerns about the criteria by which these therapies will be judged. It is not yet clear what kind of evidence (clinical, biomarker, or otherwise) will be required to support a disease-modifying claim. When such a drug is approved, regulators must be certain that the claims in the label are factual and unambiguous, yet a definition for “disease modification” remains to be established. One strong potential definition is: “a therapy that affects the underlying pathology and structure of the disease”. However, this is only one possibility, and a consensus definition must be codified before criteria to evaluate it can be determined.There is room for informed speculation, however. Criteria to evaluate disease-modifying effects have been proposed, and typically involve one of two approaches (neither of which has yet been endorsed by regulators). The first is a clinical approach, in which clinical designs are employed that would ideally force a conclusion that a drug has a disease-modifying effect. In one proposed design, patients would be randomized to drug or placebo for an appropriate duration. At the end of that period, and if a difference in outcome between drug and placebo on an appropriate clinical measure or measures has been achieved, patients originally randomized to drug would then be treated with placebo, while patients originally treated with placebo would remain on placebo.

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Cupples, W. A. "Physiological regulation of food intake." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 288, no. 6 (June 2005): R1438—R1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00195.2005.

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Desmarchelier, Patricia M., and Elizabeth A. Szabo. "Innovation, food safety and regulation." Innovation 10, no. 1 (July 2008): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/impp.453.10.1.121.

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Stanley, Sarah, Katie Wynne, Barbara McGowan, and Stephen Bloom. "Hormonal Regulation of Food Intake." Physiological Reviews 85, no. 4 (October 2005): 1131–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00015.2004.

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Our knowledge of the physiological systems controlling energy homeostasis has increased dramatically over the last decade. The roles of peripheral signals from adipose tissue, pancreas, and the gastrointestinal tract reflecting short- and long-term nutritional status are now being described. Such signals influence central circuits in the hypothalamus, brain stem, and limbic system to modulate neuropeptide release and hence food intake and energy expenditure. This review discusses the peripheral hormones and central neuronal pathways that contribute to control of appetite.

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Denbow, D. Michael. "Food intake regulation in birds." Journal of Experimental Zoology 283, no. 4-5 (March 1, 1999): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(19990301/01)283:4/5<333::aid-jez3>3.0.co;2-r.

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Hagan, Scott, and Kevin D. Niswender. "Neuroendocrine regulation of food intake." Pediatric Blood & Cancer 58, no. 1 (September 23, 2011): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.23376.

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Lee, Joo-Hyoung, and Hong-Jun Jeon. "A Comparative Study on the Regulation of Alternative Food Labeling Advertising: Status and Regulation of Alternative Food in the US and the EU." Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute 28 (December 31, 2022): 327–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22397/bml.2022.28.327.

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As more and more people do not consume animal ingredients for various reasons such as environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and religious beliefs, “alternative foods” that can supplement nutrients that may be lacking for these people are drawing attention. The term “alternative food” means food manufactured and processed to have a similar taste and texture to existing food by replacing animal-based materials with other ingredients. The alternative food currently on sale only aims to replace existing food, and there are no safety problems because it uses raw materials that have been recognized for safety. These alternative foods have grown through publicity and advertising using meat labeling, such as meat, milk, or cooking names(tteokgalbi, bulgogi, etc.). However, controversy over the labeling of alternative foods has arisen around the world as the traditional livestock industry has claimed the use of meat labeling for alternative foods. In the United States, there are no federal-level alternative food labeling laws, so the state government allows, prohibits, or waits for meat labeling of alternative foods depending on the state's major industries. In states where the state law prohibits meat labeling of alternative foods, lawsuits are continuing between alternative food companies that oppose it. At the EU level, dairy labeling of alternative foods has been banned following the ruling of the EU Court of Justice, and discussions on whether alternative foods are allowed to be labeled with meat continue. The common issue of meat labeling in alternative foods is largely identified in two ways. The first is the question of whether it is reasonable to use meat labeling because alternative foods do not use meat in the traditional sense, so they are not included in the legal scope of meat, dairy products, and meat processed products. The second is whether the use of these markings on foods that do not contain any traditional meat or milk leads to misunderstanding and confusion among consumers. EU and US precedents take conflicting positions on each issue. In order to prevent large-scale disputes such as those that occurred in the United States and the EU, alternative food labeling standards that take into account the average perception of the general public in society should be prepared. In addition, even if standards that take into account the perception of the general public are prepared, measures should be sought to reduce the possibility of misunderstanding and confusion as much as possible.

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Henderikx, Frans. "Labelling of food: A challenge for many." Veterinarski glasnik 71, no. 1 (2017): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl170214001h.

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Background: In food marketing, there is a trend towards artisanal, traditional ?honest? food, and simultaneously to good looking, long lasting, multi-purpose food with a clean label. In addition, marketeers like to upgrade the image of the food, including the label, using various digital techniques. This can produce (un)intended non-conformities with the current food law on labelling, which in this review, refers to Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 (European Union, 2011). Food and meat labelling have been subjected to increased regulation in the recent years, sometimes after scandals (horse-gate, food fraud), sometimes due to wishes of consumer organisations (nutritional information) and sometimes after the introduction of new types of ingredients (sweeteners, phytosterols, nanomaterials). Scope and approach: This review provides information about food labelling. Some experiences gathered by food inspectorate personnel in practice, with reference to the literature data, positive aspects, main problems and trends are discussed. Key findings and conclusion: Food labelling is a complex requirement, with the general demands written down in the harmonized regulation (European Union, 2011). Foods sold by e-commerce must also follow these same regulations. However, many food labels on the market show smaller and/or bigger deviations from the legal requirements, which should be appropriately addressed by the food manufacturers or packers, but also by the competent authorities. Even training of consumers seems to be needed, since all this information is, in the end, intended for consumers to aptly utilise.

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Yuwono Prianto, Viony Kresna Sumantri, and Swara Yudhasasmita. "The Regulation and Protection of Genetically Modified Food." Sociological Jurisprudence Journal 3, no. 2 (August 7, 2020): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/scj.3.2.1801.107-111.

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Genetically Modified foods are now being widely consumed. In 2011, more than 90% of corns and soybeans in the US are genetically modified. Research shows in America the people suffering from allergies are increasing. Some people connected the allergies with the widely consumed genetically modified foods. But other researchers show that genetically modified food bring no harms to human. In fact, genetically modified foods are cheaper and will be a great tool to fight against poverty and hunger. But in countries like Italy, Austria, and the Netherlands, they have fully banned genetically modified organisms, making them the GMO’s free Country. In the survey conducted, most consumers are not educated enough about GMO. They also concern about the impact of genetically modified food on human health, environmental and animal health.

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Antle, John M. "Efficient Food Safety Regulation in the Food Manufacturing Sector." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 78, no. 5 (December 1996): 1242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1243500.

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Mikulášková, B., L. Maletínská, J. Zicha, and J. Kuneš. "The role of food intake regulating peptides in cardiovascular regulation." Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 436 (November 2016): 78–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2016.07.021.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Food regulation'

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