Relevant bibliographies by topics / Food regulation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Food regulation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Food regulation"

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Liudmyla, Golovko. "Legal regulation of food security in the EU." Law. Human. Environment 10, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/law2019.01.018.

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Danker-Hopfe, Heidi, Kirsten Roczen, and Ute Löwenstein-Wagner. "Regulation of food intake during the menstrual cycle." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 53, no. 3 (June 28, 1995): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/53/1995/231.

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Martland, Rebecca. "Food regulation changes." Child Care 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2014): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/chca.2014.11.12.4.

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Epishov, A. P., A. V. Voronov, and M. A. Kovalenko. "Legal Regulation of Food Waste Handling in Russia." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 20, no. 1 (February 7, 2023): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2023-1-66-75.

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Problems dealing with legal regulations of food waste handling are an acute sphere for the Russian Federation. Foods with expiring period and food losses can contaminate the environment and harmful and dangerous substances, which they exude, can get into near-by springs, rivers and arable fields. Water from contaminated rivers and springs, as well as bread cultivated on such fields can be consumed by peoples living in surrounding villages and towns, which can ruin their health. Today the effective system of food waste regulation includes numerous legislative and normative acts inscribed in different legislative blocks: general legislation, legislation on wastes, veterinary legislation and legislation on technical regulation, sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. However, there are a lot of problems dealing with food waste handling that have not been exposed in a proper way. The Federal Law dated June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ ‘Concerning Wastes of Production and Consumption’ does not provide the definition of ‘food waste’. The requirements for obligatory separate stocking of foods are stipulated only by legislation on technical regulation and sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. The requirements for utilization of foods are envisaged by veterinary legislation, legislation on technical regulation and sanitary and epidemiologic legislation. The owner of food waste can chose ways and conditions of utilization and possible methods of food waste destruction. After analyzing the effective normative acts covering requirements for food waste handling the authors came to the conclusion that the major part of these legislative blocks does not provide conditions of priority utilization of food waste.
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Nie, P. Y., and Y. H. Chen. "A general equilibrium analysis of food industry considering the food quality." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 7 (July 18, 2014): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/115/2013-agricecon.

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By establishing a dynamic equilibrium model, the paper analyses the equilibrium of the food industry and the equilibrium about the food quality as well as quantity is achieved. Firstly, the study examines the effects of competitions on the price, outputs, profits and social welfare. The authors argue that competition reduces the food quality. Secondly, this paper shows that consumers benefit from the quality regulation while producers undertake a loss. Moreover, social welfare first increases then decreases with the regulation. Thirdly, the optimal quality regulation is presented and a higher quality regulation reduces competition, while the lower quality regulation promotes it. Finally, the effects of fixed costs on the equilibrium number of firms in the corresponding industry are captured.  
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Lähteenmäki-Uutela, A., S. B. Marimuthu, and N. Meijer. "Regulations on insects as food and feed: a global comparison." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 7, no. 5 (August 13, 2021): 849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2020.0066.

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Insects, as a food and or feed source, represent an emerging protein source relevant to farmers, feed companies, food companies and food marketers globally. The growth of this industry is somewhat restricted due to outdated food and feed regulations covering insect use. The regulations also do not allow the use of all potential insects as food and feed. Governments aim to ensure food and feed safety, and each country has its own substantive and procedural rules for this purpose. However, the regulatory demands and differences between countries complicate the international marketing strategies for insect products. Food and feed regulation are separate; feed regulation may allow insect usage even when they are not allowed as food. Some countries have specific rules for novel foods, while others do not. This paper compares insect food and feed regulation of the primary production and marketing areas: the European Union, the United States, Canada, and Australia. In addition, the situation in selected countries in Central and South America, Asia and Africa is also discussed.
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Lewis, Janine L. "The regulation of protein content and quality in national and international food standards." British Journal of Nutrition 108, S2 (August 2012): S212—S221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512002425.

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Food regulation aims to protect public health through a safe and nutritious food supply produced by a compliant food industry. Food standards of developed countries generally do not regulate protein content or protein quality because the risk of dietary protein inadequacy in their national populations is very low. Protein is nevertheless regulated for reasons of product quality or protein labelling or to minimise assessed health risks associated with consumption of certain animal- and vegetable-protein foods; analogue products that extend or simulate commonly available animal-protein foods; and special purpose foods such as infant formula and foods, supplementary and medical foods, and foods for weight loss. The extent and approach to protein regulation varies greatly among jurisdictions but where it occurs, it is applied through minimum and sometimes maximum limits on protein content or quality measures or both using an inter-related approach. Protein quality measures range from amino acid profiles and digestibility corrected scores to protein rating, a rat bioassay and reference proteins not further described. Regulatory methods for protein quality determination are referenced to the published scientific literature or developed nationally. Internationally, the Codex Alimentarius regulates the protein content and quality of some foods. The Codex approach varies according to the food but is similar to the approaches used in national and regional food regulation. This paper provides a comparison of the regulation of protein in foods using examples from the food regulations of Australia New Zealand, Canada, the European Union, the United States of America and the Codex Alimentarius.
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Klein, Samuel. "Regulation of Food Intake." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 32, no. 5 (September 2008): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607108321710.

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Ridge, Stephen. "Food Regulation and Retailing." British Food Journal 91, no. 5 (May 1989): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000002295.

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Jukes, D. J. "International Food Regulation Handbook." Food Control 2, no. 2 (April 1991): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7135(91)90150-u.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Food regulation"

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Krizo, Jessica Ann. "Regulation of Food Anticipatory Activity." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1470307781.

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Chu, May. "The internationalisation of regulation : food safety regulation in China." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/961/.

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The aim of the thesis is to examine the implications of the internationalisation of regulation in China as a developing country. To achieve this, variations in different Chinese food regulatory regimes are compared, ranging from those for domestic consumption to export. In particular, the three control components of a regulatory regime, namely standard-setting, information-gathering and behaviour-modification are analysed. This study finds a pattern of changes in the Chinese food regulatory regimes. At the initial stage, Chinese national food standards were less stringent than international standards, and the gap between established national standards and local enforcement was significantly high. In recent years, it is observed that Chinese national food standards have witnessed an upward movement to converge with international food standards. In the meantime, regulatory enforcement in the localities has undergone continual adjustment to strengthen enforcement force towards areas under public concern. This thesis aims to explain this trend of changes in terms of the internationalisation of regulation. It argues that while coercive international pressure is mainly exerted on the Chinese exported food regulatory regime, the domestic food regulatory regime in China has also been increasingly influenced by global forces over the past decade, in terms of policy transfer from developed countries and policy learning from the transnational professional networks. Regarding domestic food standard-setting, normative influence from the international community has induced a generally higher level of Chinese national food standards. With respect to regulatory enforcement, while enforcement work has been constrained by the incapacity of regulators and the inextricably linked interests in the localities, these domestic factors are becoming less influential under the context of internationalisation of regulation. In particular, food safety crises prompt the Chinese government to push forward regulatory changes in spite of strong resistance in the localities. This has been attributed to the aim of the Chinese government to safeguard the reputation of products ‘Made in China’ under the context of internationalisation of regulation, and build up an international image that China is a committed and responsible trading partner and world leader.
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Klockars, Anica. "Non-caloric regulation of food intake." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-223809.

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Food intake is shaped by environmental, endocrine, metabolic, and reward-related signals. A change in appetite is an outcome of integration of the relevant external and internal stimuli. While the main purpose of eating is to reverse a negative energy balance, mechanisms protecting homeostasis change appetite for other reasons. This thesis examines the role of select brain mechanisms in regulating consumption driven by aspects other than energy. In paper I, an increased percentage of c-Fos positive OT neurons was observed after mice ingested sucrose, while no change was found after Intralipid intake. Given a choice between isocaloric sugar and Intralipid solutions, mice injected with an OT receptor antagonist increase their preference for sucrose, while total calorie intake remains unchanged, suggesting that OT prevents overconsumption of sugar. Paper II addresses whether MCH, which has anxiolytic properties and mediates reward-motivated feeding, has the ability to alleviate conditioned taste aversion in rats. We found that while mRNA expression of MCH and its receptor are changed in aversive animals, central injections of MCH do not prevent the acquisition of aversion, nor do they affect the rate of extinction of the taste aversion. Paper III describes evidence that the N/OFQ system facilitates food intake by alleviating aversive responsiveness. Blocking the NOP receptor delays extinction of aversion and reduces food intake in hungry rats. Paper IV reports that leucine ingestion increases mRNA expression levels of genes known to mediate reward, as well as orexigenic gene expression in the nucleus accumbens (Nacc), a key component of the reward circuit. Adding leucine to drinking water increases activity of the reward system, which possibly contributes to the pleasure of consumption. A separate approach using Drosophila melanogaster is introduced in paper V which provides evidence that knocking down the gene for the transcription factor Ets96B during development results in a simultaneous disruption in sleep patterns and appetite, thus highlighting the interplay between these physiological parameters. We conclude that OT, MCH, N/OFQ and Ets96B belong to mechanisms regulating food intake for reasons other than energy balance. Composition of food and negative associations with diets affect neural networks controlling appetite.
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Chadwick, Anna. "Food commodity speculation, hunger, and the global food crisis : whither regulation." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3222/.

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This thesis takes as its starting point claims that practices of financial speculation in commodity derivative markets were instrumental in the causation of the global food crisis in 2007-08. Adopting an approach informed by critical legal studies, I seek to challenge dominant conceptions about the role that law has played in this context. Campaigners concerned about these practices place great faith in financial regulation as means of restraining ‘excessive’ speculation. Equally, those concerned with the vulnerability of poor communities to its effects — their condition of ‘food insecurity’, as it is designated in the prevailing discourse — turn to human rights, in particular, the right to adequate food, as a means of response. In both instances, law is positioned as the solution to fix malfunctioning markets. Examining the significance of law in the creation of the two global markets in question — one for a trade in financial instruments linked to food commodities, the other for tangible food commodities — I will consider whether this way of positioning law is accurate. I will explore the possibility that a preoccupation with regulatory solutions obscures other roles that law might play in global commodity markets. Focusing on the role law plays in enabling market behaviours, such as speculation, and in entrenching market entitlements that prevent equitable access to food, I will suggest that a body of law that is constituting and entrenching the market might stand in the way of regulatory ambition. The call for financial regulation to tackle food price volatility and for the strengthening of domestic legal regimes to protect against vulnerability is a call on the state to use law to constrain the excesses of the market in the interests of society. Is this a promising strategy, however, when the constitutive role of law and the state in facilitating the operations of the market is taken into account?
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Van, der Velde Peter. "Regulation of gastric emptying and food intake." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ47918.pdf.

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Beale, Kylie Emma Louise. "Central regulation of food intake and reproduction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7096.

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The work described in this thesis investigates the actions of hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in the control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. Cerebellin 1 (Cbln1) is a 16-amino acid peptide abundantly expressed in the cerebellum and the hypothalamus. I have shown that Cbln1 increases food intake when administered centrally to rats, and that this effect may be partly mediated by neuropeptide Y. I have also demonstrated that Cbln1 mRNA expression within the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus is up-regulated following a 48-hour fast, suggesting that Cbln1 may have a physiological role in the control of food intake. In addition to hypothalamic centres, the reward system has an important role in the control of feeding. The melanocortin system has a well characterised role in the homeostatic control of food intake. My work suggests that the melanocortin system may also have a previously unknown role within the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the hedonic control of feeding. Intra- VTA administration of a melanocortin agonist reduced, whereas an antagonist increased, food intake in rats. My work suggests that the VTA melanocortin system may act upstream of dopamine signalling to influence feeding. Kisspeptin is a hypothalamic neuropeptide with a crucial role in reproduction. The hypothalamus contains two populations of kisspeptin neurones, located in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) and in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus. The physiological role of these two populations is unknown. I used recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) to suppress kisspeptin expression within the Arc in female rats. Animals injected bilaterally into the Arc with rAAV-kisspeptin antisense had significantly fewer oestrous cycles, and an increase in oestrous cycle length, compared to controls. In summary, these studies have identified novel roles for Cbln1 and the melanocortin system in the control of food intake, and have demonstrated the importance of Arc kisspeptin signalling in the regulation of reproduction.
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Borbon, Galvez Yari. "Capabilities meet regulation : the compliance processes of Mexican food supply chains with United States biosecurity regulations." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45518/.

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This thesis explores how Mexican fresh produce supply chains have responded to US bio-security regulations designed to prevent the intentional and accidental contamination of imported food. It explores the compliance processes, which are theorised using a framework drawn from the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the Supply Chain Governance (SCG) literatures. The constructs developed herein regarding capabilities and supply chain ‘governance structures' complement previous Regulation Studies (RS) explaining compliance behaviour. The thesis analysed 12 case studies, and tested causal conditions of compliance using a multi-value Qualitative Comparative Analysis (mvQCA) method. The main results show: 1) the pathways to meet the regulatory requirements; 2) the limited diversity of capabilities associated with higher levels of compliance; and 3) the importance of tight supply chain coordination to source and exchange knowledge for compliance, regardless of how or who governs the supply chain. The thesis contributes to various academic debates. It removes the RVB assumptions that resources and capabilities are intrinsically valuable and complementary, and therefore contributes towards making the theory less tautological. It shows how SCG benefits when the effects of supply chain integration and coordination are examined independently. It differentiates between firms lacking willingness and firms lacking capabilities to comply, making it possible to define suitable regulatory strategies for each type of firm. The thesis makes a methodological contribution as it is one of the first studies applying the mvQCA in Science, Technology and Innovations Studies (STIs). The new methodology is used here to test the causal conditions of compliance, but can also be applied to innovative performance more generally. The thesis concludes by showing how US regulations were effective in achieving their regulatory aims without significant negative consequences, and suggesting that STI regulatory policies can be used to increase business engagement to prevent the intentional and accidental contamination of the food chain.
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Reeve, Belinda Helen. "The food pyramid meets the regulatory pyramid - responsive regulation of food advertising to children." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11643.

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Obesity poses an urgent threat to children’s health. The causes of obesity are many and varied, but evidence suggests that the food industry makes a significant contribution. Multinational companies use a range of communication channels and marketing techniques to promote unhealthy foods and beverages to children. This promotion has a small but significant effect on children’s food preferences and choices, their consumption patterns and diet-related health. While public health advocates call for statutory regulation of unhealthy food advertising, the food industry has mobilised government support for voluntary action. In Australia, there is significant debate over the success of two self-regulatory codes that address food advertising to children. In this thesis I evaluate the food industry’s initiatives using a new approach. Although I consider evidence of the codes’ outcomes, I focus on whether they establish the building blocks of an effective self-regulatory regime. I use regulatory studies and public health law to create a framework for evaluation, drawing particularly on the idea of responsive regulation. I also compare food, tobacco and alcohol advertising regulation to predict whether statutory regulation of food advertising is practical and politically feasible. I find that food and alcohol advertising codes contain a series of ‘escape clauses’ that permit companies to continue with most of their marketing practices. As a result, the codes do not significantly reduce children’s exposure to food and alcohol advertising, or moderate the persuasive techniques used by marketers. Food industry self-regulation lacks the features of a well-designed voluntary scheme, including clear objectives, independent administration and monitoring, effective enforcement and systematic review. Further, regulatory processes are almost entirely industry based, meaning that the scheme is not accountable to external stakeholders. The difficulty of conducting research in this area underscores this conclusion. Food and alcohol companies report high levels of compliance with the codes, and an ethical commitment to responsible marketing practices. However, the initiatives do not place demanding requirements on participants; they only codify existing best practice in advertising to children. Further, industry initiatives exclude some of the main food and alcohol advertisers. In comparison to tobacco, food and alcohol products are highly varied, making regulation a more complex exercise. More fundamentally, these industries have an economic interest in advertising unhealthy products to a wide range of age groups. Accordingly, they are unlikely to accept any tighter restrictions on advertising to children, which might impact on their communication with adult audiences. One way of strengthening self-regulation is to include external stakeholders in regulatory processes. Public health actors engage with the food and alcohol industry (unlike the tobacco industry), creating the potential for more collaborative arrangements. However, experience with the ‘quasi-regulation’ of alcohol advertising illustrates that public health participation may not create a more transparent and accountable scheme. Also, external participation in industry schemes is highly contentious, and public health actors risk their credibility and reputation in doing so. Accordingly, government action is required to broaden the reach of self-regulation and improve its functioning. Given the strong case for government action, the question becomes what form it should take. There are significant political barriers to legislation, including the power of the food industry, and neo-liberal ideologies that favour minimal regulation. Accordingly, I consider options outside of ‘command-and-control’ regulation. Through co-regulation, the government could set clear objectives for the codes to achieve, establish an independent body for monitoring and enforcement, and formalise its oversight of the scheme. It must also threaten the industry with more intrusive regulation, should the improved scheme fail to reduce children’s exposure to unhealthy food advertising. This strategy implicitly endorses a responsive regulatory approach that begins with voluntary action by the food industry itself. However, it also recognises the central role of the state in regulation, and describes new ways for governments to protect public health.
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Smeets, Astrid Jose Pierre Gertrude. "Triggers for food intake regulation sensory and metabolic effects of specific food components /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2008. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=11858.

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Stuart-Moonlight, Belinda Isobel. "Microbial survival on food contact surfaces in the context of food hygiene regulation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249535.

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Books on the topic "Food regulation"

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Miljković, Dragan. Food regulation and trade. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

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Dragan, Miljković, ed. Food regulation and trade. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

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Food regulation and safety. Detroit: Lucent Books, 2012.

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Weimer, Bart C., and Carolyn Slupsky. Metabolomics in food and nutrition. Oxford: Woodhead Publishing, 2013.

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Amanda, Hulme, ed. Food standards regulation: The new law. Bristol: Jordans, 2000.

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Ball, Stephen D. Hot food takeaways: Location and regulation. Leeds: Leeds Metropolitan University, School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 1996.

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Morrison, Jane L. Food intake: Regulation, assessing and controlling. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publisher's, Inc., 2011.

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Food regulation in the European Union. Leatherhead, U.K: Leatherhead Food International, 2002.

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Food and Drug Law Institute (U.S.), ed. Food and drug law and regulation. Washington, D.C: FDLI, 2008.

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O'Reilly, James T. A consumer's guide to food regulation & safety. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Food regulation"

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Gálvez, Antonio, Hikmate Abriouel, Nabil Ben Omar, and Rosario Lucas. "Food Applications and Regulation." In Prokaryotic Antimicrobial Peptides, 353–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7692-5_18.

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Fortin, Neal, and Cathy Weir. "International Food Regulation Foundations." In Regulatory Foundations for the Food Protection Professional, 345–59. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0650-5_22.

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Tseng, Yuan Hung. "Revisiting Novel Food Regulation." In Food Safety and Technology Governance, 146–61. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003271918-13.

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Berdanier, Carolyn D., and Lynne Berdanier. "Regulation of Food Intake." In Advanced Nutrition, 151–69. 3rd ed. 3rd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003093664-9.

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Cheeseman, M. A., and E. J. Machuga. "Threshold of regulation." In Food Chemical Risk Analysis, 296–316. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1111-9_12.

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Smyth, Stuart J., William A. Kerr, and Peter W. B. Phillips. "Alternate Futures for Food Security." In Biotechnology Regulation and Trade, 263–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53295-0_14.

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Coit, Marne, and Theodore A. Feitshans. "Federal regulation of food systems." In Food Systems Law, 21–38. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429426544-3.

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Hughes, Gerrie, and Liz Hammond. "Wholeness, balance and regulation." In Food and Mental Health, 50–73. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003172161-5.

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Smigic, Nada, and and Ilija Djekic. "Food Safety Regulation and Standards." In Food Safety and Protection, 531–61. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153414-16.

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Havinga, Tetty. "Retail Driven Food Safety Regulation." In Food Safety, Market Organization, Trade and Development, 59–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15227-1_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Food regulation"

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Zulhamdani, Muhammad, Ria Hardiyati, Indah Purwaningsih, Chichi Laksani, and Yan Rianto. "The Development of Functional Food in Indonesia: Based on Regulation Compared to Other Countries." In ASEAN Food Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009983401530165.

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Nikitin, V. P., S. A. Kozyrev, and S. V. Solntseva. "DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF CONDITIONED FOOD AVERSION MEMORY." In MODERN PROBLEMS IN SYSTEMIC REGULATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. NPG Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24108/5-2019-confnf-62.

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Kuhlmann, Jan. "Determination of 3-MCPD and glycidol in food emulsifiers: Analytical solution and multi-laboratory validation." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/szmd2851.

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3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and glycidol are potentially harmful substances which might occur as fatty acid esters (3-MCPDE and GE) in various foods. Major source for these food-borne contaminants is elevated heating in course of refining and processing of edible oils and fats. In this context, it seems to be important to recognize certain edible oil-based food emulsifiers, especially mono- and diacylglycerides (MAG and DAG), to be a relevant source for GE and 3-MCPDE. Due to the potential risk for consumers, the European Commission issued a regulation on GE and total 3-MCPD (which stands for the sum of free 3-MCPD and 3-MCPDE) in certain foods. By regulation EU 2020/1322 maximum levels of total 3-MCPD and glycidol are set for marine and vegetable edible oils as well as infant formula. Recently, expansion of this regulation to a number of other processed foods as well as food emulsifiers is discussed by official bodies and stakeholders. In perspective of consumer’s increasing demands for food quality, several food producers and retailers have set internal maximum levels for 3-MCPD and glycidol in their products. Correspondingly, for the food industry as well as for authorities there is a demand for analytical methods which are applicable to food emulsifiers. Unluckily, food additives were in general not in the scope of any of the officially validated methods for determination of total 3-MCPD and GE. Moreover, it has been reported that the most abundant official methods might give unreliable results for GE, especially with MAG and DAG. This presentation targets the introduction of an AOCS Official Method Cd29b-13 (equal to ISO Standard 18363-2) adaption for analysis of certain food emulsifiers and its successful validation by a multi-laboratory trial.
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Liu, Gang. "Food Safety Regulation in Perspective of Environmental Sustainability." In ICITEE '18: International Congress of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering -2018. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3148453.3306277.

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Wu, Wentan, and Baoming Cao. "Analysis on China's Food Policy under Government Regulation." In Asia-Pacific Social Science and Modern Education Conference (SSME 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssme-18.2018.33.

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Абдусаломова, Нилуфар, and Хулкар Усманова. "FOOD INDUSTRY QUALITY AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." In Status and development trends of standardization and technical regulation in the world. Tashkent state technical university, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-conf.22.1-77-0025.

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Stricter requirements for food manufacturers, their quality and safety, requires implementation at food industry enterprises effective quality management and safety systems based on requirements of international standards
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Shabashev, V. A., and Yu S. Neznakina. "Indicative regulation of the food industry of the region." In Integracija Sibiri v globalnoe socialno-jekonomicheskoe prostranstvo. Tomsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/9785946218696/19.

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Zhang, Hao, and Yu Liu. "An Evolutionary Game Model of Online-food Safety Regulation." In 2018 8th International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/liss.2018.8593264.

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Jiang, Shu-bo. "Notice of Retraction: Game analysis of food safety regulation." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5886844.

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Zou, Peng, and Yan Liu. "HOW CHINESE FIRMS RESPONSE TO FOOD NUTRITION LABEL REGULATION." In Bridging Asia and the World: Global Platform for Interface between Marketing and Management. Global Alliance of Marketing & Management Associations, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/gmc2016.05.01.05.

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Reports on the topic "Food regulation"

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Research, IFF. Small and Micro Food Business Operator (FBO) Tracking Survey: Wave 3 2021 - Technical Report. Food Standards Agency, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.sty242.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) has been tracking small and micro Food Business Operator (FBO) attitudes towards food-related topics, and trust in the FSA and food system, since 2018. This has helped inform engagement and intervention activity targeted at businesses with fewer than 50 staff. The survey was initially developed to assess the perceived impact of changes as a result of the UK’s exit from the European Union (EU), and the Achieving Business Compliance (ABC) programme, which aims to modernise the regulation of food businesses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since then, it has evolved to regularly track small and micro FBO views on a range of subjects. In 2021, the third wave of the annual tracking survey was carried out, with the following aims: To gain insight, and understand the implications of the EU Exit on small and micro enterprises To ‘unpack’ attitudes towards regulation and deepen insights and knowledge of small and micro enterprises, including with regards to the FSA’s ABC priority To measure trust in the FSA and extent to which FSA is considered a modern, accountable regulator All fieldwork for wave 3 was carried out by IFF Research, an independent market research company, commission by FSA. This paper outlines the methodological approach taken for wave 3 of the research, including sampling; feasibility testing; pilot and mainstage fieldwork; response rates; and weighting.
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Gillespie, Rebecca, and Stephanie Friend. Trends in Twitter conversations about food during 2019-20. Food Standards Agency, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.lbs663.

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As part of our responsibilities, we work to understand the continuing evolution of the food landscape to identify opportunities to improve standards of food safety and/or authenticity. To do this, we use science and evidence to tackle the challenges of today, to identify and address emerging risks, and to ensure the UK food safety regulation framework is modern, agile and represents consumer interests. One way we build our understanding of consumer interests and concerns is through social media analysis, which permits real time monitoring of key issues relating to food safety and other consumer concerns.
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Short, Samuel, Bernhard Strauss, and Pantea Lotfian. Emerging technologies that will impact on the UK Food System. Food Standards Agency, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.srf852.

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Rapid technological innovation is reshaping the UK food system in many ways. FSA needs to stay abreast of these changes and develop regulatory responses to ensure novel technologies do not compromise food safety and public health. This report presents a rapid evidence assessment of the emerging technologies considered most likely to have a material impact on the UK food system and food safety over the coming decade. Six technology fields were identified and their implications for industry, consumers, food safety and the regulatory framework explored. These fields are: Food Production and Processing (indoor farming, 3D food printing, food side and byproduct use, novel non-thermal processing, and novel pesticides); Novel Sources of Protein, such as insects (for human consumption, and animal feedstock); Synthetic Biology (including lab-grown meat and proteins); Genomics Applications along the value chain (for food safety applications, and personal “nutrigenomics”); Novel Packaging (active, smart, biodegradable, edible, and reusable solutions); and, Digital Technologies in the food sector (supporting analysis, decision making and traceability). The report identifies priority areas for regulatory engagement, and three major areas of emerging technology that are likely to have broad impact across the entire food industry. These areas are synthetic biology, novel food packaging technologies, and digital technologies. FSA will need to take a proactive approach to regulation, based on frequent monitoring and rapid feedback, to manage the challenges these technologies present, and balance increasing technological push and commercial pressures with broader human health and sustainability requirements. It is recommended FSA consider expanding in-house expertise and long-term ties with experts in relevant fields to support policymaking. Recognising the convergence of increasingly sophisticated science and technology applications, alongside wider systemic risks to the environment, human health and society, it is recommended that FSA adopt a complex systems perspective to future food safety regulation, including its wider impact on public health. Finally, the increasing pace of technological
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Simone, Piras, Laura García Herrero, Stephanie Burgos, Flavien Colin, Manuela Gheoldus, Charles Ledoux, Julian Parfitt, Dominika Jarosz, Matteo Vittuari, and H. E. J. Bos-Brouwers. Policy assessment methodology : D3.2 Unfair Trading Practice Regulation and Voluntary Agreements targeting food waste: a policy assessment in select EU Member States. Wageningen: REFRESH, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/448932.

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Solovyanenko, Nina I. ЮРИДИЧЕСКИЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ АГРАРНОГО БИЗНЕСА. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0131-5226-2021-70004.

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t.The development of global agricultural production and food trade in recent decades implies a digital transformation and the transition to a new technological order, which is an essential factor for sustainable development. Digitalization of agriculture and the food sector is carried out on the basis of IT 2 platforms, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain technology. Fragmented and unclear legal mechanisms, slow updating of legal regulation hinder the introduction of digital solutions. A modern regulatory framework based on digital strategies should strengthen the confidence of farmers in "smart agriculture". In Russia, the legal mechanism of strategic planning covers the development of the national platform "Digital Agriculture". Digital strategies also include updating basic legislation.
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Friedman, Haya, Julia Vrebalov, and James Giovannoni. Elucidating the ripening signaling pathway in banana for improved fruit quality, shelf-life and food security. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594401.bard.

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Background : Banana being a monocot and having distinct peel and pulp tissues is unique among the fleshy fruits and hence can provide a more comprehensive understanding of fruit ripening. Our previous research which translated ripening discoveries from tomato, led to the identification of six banana fruit-associated MADS-box genes, and we confirmed the positive role of MaMADS1/2 in banana ripening. The overall goal was to further elucidate the banana ripening signaling pathway as mediated by MADS-boxtranscriptional regulators. Specific objectives were: 1) characterize transcriptional profiles and quality of MaMADS1/2 repressed fruit; 2) reveal the role of additional MaMADSgenes in ripening; 3) develop a model of fruit MaMADS-box mode of action; and 4) isolate new components of the banana ripening signaling pathway. Major conclusion: The functions of the banana MaMADS1-5 have been examined by complimenting the rinor the TAGL1-suppressed lines of tomato. Only MaMADS5 exhibited partial complementation of TAGL1-suppressed and rinlines, suggesting that while similar genes play corresponding roles in ripening, evolutionary divergence makes heterologous complementation studies challenging. Nevertheless, the partial complementation of tomato TAGL1-surpessed and rinlines with MaMADS5 suggests this gene is likely an important ripening regulator in banana, worthy of further study. RNA-seqtranscriptome analysis during ripening was performed on WT and MaMADS2-suppressed lines revealing additional candidate genes contributing to ripening control mechanisms. In summary, we discovered 39 MaMADS-box genes in addition to homologues of CNR, NOR and HB-1 expressed in banana fruits, and which were shown in tomato to play necessary roles in ripening. For most of these genes the expression in peel and pulp was similar. However, a number of key genes were differentially expressed between these tissues indicating that the regulatory components which are active in peel and pulp include both common and tissue-specific regulatory systems, a distinction as compared to the more uniform tomato fruit pericarp. Because plant hormones are well documented to affect fruit ripening, the expressions of genes within the auxin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic and ethylene signal transduction and synthesis pathways were targeted in our transcriptome analysis. Genes’ expression associated with these pathways generally declined during normal ripening in both peel and pulp, excluding cytokinin and ethylene, and this decline was delayed in MaMADS2-suppressed banana lines. Hence, we suggest that normal MaMADS2 activity promotes the observed downward expression within these non-ethylene pathways (especially in the pulp), thus enabling ripening progression. In contrast, the expressions of ACSand ACOof the ethylene biosynthesis pathway increase in peel and pulp during ripening and are delayed/inhibited in the transgenic bananas, explaining the reduced ethylene production of MaMADS2-suppressed lines. Inferred by the different genes’ expression in peel and pulp of the gibberellins, salicylic acid and cytokinins pathways, it is suggested that hormonal regulation in these tissues is diverse. These results provide important insights into possible avenues of ripening control in the diverse fruit tissues of banana which was not previously revealed in other ripening systems. As such, our transcriptome analysis of WT and ripening delayed banana mutants provides a starting point for further characterization of ripening. In this study we also developed novel evidence that the cytoskeleton may have a positive role in ripening as components of this pathway were down-regulated by MaMADS2 suppression. The mode of cytoskeleton involvement in fruit ripening remains unclear but presents a novel new frontier in ripening investigations. In summary, this project yielded functional understanding of the role and mode of action of MaMADS2 during ripening, pointing to both induction of ethylene and suppression of non-ethylene hormonal singling pathways. Furthermore, our data suggest important roles for cytoskeleton components and MaMADS5 in the overall banana ripening control network. Implications: The project revealed new molecular components/genes involved in banana ripening and refines our understanding of ripening responses in the peel and pulp tissues of this important species. This information is novel as compared to that derived from the more uniform carpel tissues of other highly studied ripening systems including tomato and grape. The work provides specific target genes for potential modification through genetic engineering or for exploration of useful genetic diversity in traditional breeding. The results from the project might point toward improved methods or new treatments to improve banana fruit storage and quality.
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Fromm, Hillel, Paul Michael Hasegawa, and Aaron Fait. Calcium-regulated Transcription Factors Mediating Carbon Metabolism in Response to Drought. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699847.bard.

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Original objectives: The long-term goal of the proposed research is to elucidate the transcription factors, genes and metabolic networks involved in carbon metabolism and partitioning in response to water deficit. The proposed research focuses on the GTLcalcium/calmodulinbindingTFs and the gene and metabolic networks modulated by these TFs in Arabidopsis thaliana. The specific objectives are as follows. Objective-1 (USA): Physiological analyses of GTL1 loss- and gain-of-function plants under water sufficient and drought stress conditions Objective 2 (USA / Israel-TAU): Characterizion of GTL target genes and bioinformatic analysis of data to eulcidate gene-network topology. Objective-3 (Israel-TAU): Regulation of GTLmediated transcription by Ca²⁺/calmodulin: mechanism and biological significance. Objective-4 (Israel-BGU): Metabolic networks and carbon partitioning in response to drought. Additional direction: In the course of the project we added another direction, which was reported in the 2nd annual report, to elucidate genes controlling drought avoidance. The TAU team has isolated a few unhydrotropic (hyd) mutants and are in the process of mapping these mutations (of hyd13 and hyd15; see last year's report for a description of these mutants under salt stress) in the Arabidopsis genome by map-based cloning and deep sequencing. For this purpose, each hyd mutant was crossed with a wild type plant of the Landsberg ecotype, and at the F2 stage, 500-700 seedlings showing the unhydrotropic phenotype were collected separately and pooled DNA samples were subkected to the Illumina deep sequencing technology. Bioinformatics were used to identify the exact genomic positions of the mutations (based on a comparison of the genomic sequences of the two Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes (Columbia and Landsberg). Background: To feed the 9 billion people or more, expected to live on Earth by the mid 21st century, the production of high-quality food must increase substantially. Based on a 2009 Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, a target of 70% more global food production by the year 2050 was marked, an unprecedented food-production growth rate. Importantly, due to the larger areas of low-yielding land globally, low-yielding environments offer the greatest opportunity for substantial increases in global food production. Nowadays, 70% of the global available water is used by agriculture, and 40% of the world food is produced from irrigated soils. Therefore, much needs to be done towards improving the efficiency of water use by plants, accompanied by increased crop yield production under water-limiting conditions. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: We established that AtGTL1 (Arabidopsis thaliana GT-2 LIKE1) is a focal determinant in water deficit (drought) signaling and tolerance, and water use efficiency (WUE). The GTL1 transcription factor is an upstream regulator of stomatal development as a transrepressor of AtSDD1, which encodes a subtilisin protease that activates a MAP kinase pathway that negatively regulates stomatal lineage and density. GTL1 binds to the core GT3 cis-element in the SDD1 promoter and transrepresses its expression under water-sufficient conditions. GTL1 loss-of-function mutants have reduced stomatal number and transpiration, and enhanced drought tolerance and WUE. In this case, higher WUE under water sufficient conditions occurs without reduction in absolute biomass accumulation or carbon assimilation, indicating that gtl1-mediated effects on stomatal conductance and transpiration do not substantially affect CO₂ uptake. These results are proof-of-concept that fine-tuned regulation of stomatal density can result in drought tolerance and higher WUE with maintenance of yield stability. Implications: Accomplishments during the IS-4243-09R project provide unique tools for continued discovery research to enhance plant drought tolerance and WUE.
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Salavisa, Isabel, Mark Soares, and Sofia Bizarro. A Critical Assessment of Organic Agriculture in Portugal: A reflection on the agro-food system transition. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2021.05.

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Over the last few decades, the organic agriculture sector has experienced sustained growth. Globally, as well as in the European Union and Portugal, organic production accounts for just under 10% of total Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) (FiBL, 2019; Eurostat, 2019; DGADR, 2019; INE, 2019; GPP, 2019). This growth has been seen in terms of production, number of producers, amount of retail sales, imports and exports. This article attempts to build on the multi-level perspective (MLP) of the socio-technical (ST) transitions theory by employing a whole systems analysis (Geels, 2018) of organic agriculture in Portugal, which defends an integrated vision of the systems, where multiple interactions occur within and among the niche, the regime and the landscape levels. This approach has been employed in order to develop a critical analysis of the current state of the Portuguese organic agriculture sector, stressing the multiplicity of elements that are contributing to the agro-food system´s transformation into a more sustainable one. In fact, the agro-food system is related with climate change but also has connections with other domains such as public health, water management, land use and biodiversity. Therefore, it is affected by shifts in these areas. This analysis considers developments in increasing domestic organic production, number of producers, amount of retail sales, imports, exports, market innovations, and the sector´s reconfiguration. The organic sector´s increase has been attributed to European regulation, institutionalization, standardization, farmer certification, external (government) subsidy support programs, incremental market improvements (visibility and product access), the emergence of new retailers, the rise of supporting consumers and a shift away from conventional agriculture (Truninger, 2010; DGADR, 2019; Pe´er et al, 2019). However, together with positive incentives, this sector also faces numerous barriers that are hindering a faster transformation. Difficulties for the sector to date have included: product placement; a disconnect between production, distribution and marketing systems; high transport costs; competition from imports; European subsidies focused on extensive crops (pastures, olive groves, and arable crops), entailing a substantial growth in the area of pasture to the detriment of other crops; the fact that the products that are in demand (fresh vegetables and fruit) are being neglected by Portuguese producers; expensive certification procedures; lack of adequate support and market expertise for national producers; the hybrid configuration of the sector; and price. Organic agriculture as a niche-innovation is still not greatly contributing to overall agricultural production. The low supply of organic products, despite its ever-increasing demand, suggests that a transition to increased organic production requires a deeper and faster food system reconfiguration, where an array of distinct policies are mobilized and a diversity of actions take place at different levels (Geels, 2018; Pe´er et al, 2019). This paper will attempt to contribute an overall critical assessment of the organic sector´s features and evolution and will identify some of the main obstacles to be overcome, in order to boost the sustainability transition of the agro-food system in Portugal.
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Sukenik, Assaf, Paul Roessler, and John Ohlrogge. Biochemical and Physiological Regulation of Lipid Synthesis in Unicellular Algae with Special Emphasis on W-3 Very Long Chain Lipids. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604932.bard.

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Various unicellular algae produce omega-3 (w3) very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA), which are rarely found in higher plants. In this research and other studies from our laboratories, it has been demonstrated that the marine unicellular alga Nannochloropsis (Eustigmatophyceae) can be used as a reliable and high quality source for the w3 VLC-PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This alga is widely used in mariculture systems as the primary component of the artificial food chain in fish larvae production, mainly due to its high EPA content. Furthermore, w3 fatty acids are essential for humans as dietary supplements and may have therapeutic benefits. The goal of this research proposal was to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms which regulate the synthesis and accumulation of glycerolipids enriched with w3 VLC-PUFA in Nannochloropsis. The results of our studies demonstrate various aspects of lipid synthesis and its regulation in the alga: 1. Variations in lipid class composition imposed by various environmental conditions were determined with special emphasis on the relative abundance of the molecular species of triacylglycerol (TAG) and monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG). 2. The relationships between the cellular content of major glycerolipids (TAG and MGDG) and the enzymes involved in their synthesis were studied. The results suggested the importance of UDP-galactose diacylglycerol galactosyl (UDGT) in regulation of the cellular level of MGDG. In a current effort we have purified UDGT several hundredfold from Nannochloropsis. It is our aim to purify this enzyme to near homogeneity and to produce antibodies against this enzyme in order to provide the tools for elucidation of the biochemical mechanisms that regulate this enzyme and carbon allocation into galactolipids. 3. Our in vitro and in vivo labeling studies indicated the possibility that phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are associated with desaturation of the structural lipids, whereas shorter chain saturated fatty acids are more likely to be incorporated into TAG. 4. Isolation of several putative mutants of Nannochloropsis which appear to have different lipid and fatty acid compositions than the wild type; a mutant of a special importance that is devoid of EPA was fully characterized. In addition, we could demonstrate the feasibility of Nannochloropsis biomass production for aquaculture and human health: 1) We demonstrated in semi-industrial scale the feasibility of mass production of Nannochloropsis biomass in collaboration with the algae plant NBT in Eilat; 2) Nutritional studies verified the importance algal w3 fatty acids for the development of rats and demonstrated that Nannochloropsis biomass fed to pregnant and lactating rats can benefit their offspring.
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Gothilf, Yoav, Roger Cone, Berta Levavi-Sivan, and Sheenan Harpaz. Genetic manipulations of MC4R for increased growth and feed efficiency in fish. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600043.bard.

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The hypothalamic melanocortin system plays a central role in the regulation of food consumption and energy homeostasis in mammals. Accordingly, our working hypothesis in this project was that genetic editing of the mc4r gene, encoding Melanocortin Receptor 4 (MC4R), will enhance food consumption, feed efficiency and growth in fish. To test this hypothesis and to assess the utility of mc4r editing for the enhancement of feed efficiency and growth in fish, the following objectives were set: Test the effect of the mc4r-null allele on feeding behavior, growth, metabolism and survival in zebrafish. Generate mc4r-null alleles in tilapia and examine the consequences for growth and survival, feed efficiency and body composition. Generate and examine the effect of naturally-occurring mc4r alleles found in swordfish on feeding behavior, growth and survival in zebrafish. Define the MC4R-mediated and MC4R-independent effects of AgRP by crossing mc4r- null strains with fish lacking AgRP neurons or the agrpgene. Our results in zebrafish did not support our hypothesis. While knockout of the agrpgene or genetic ablation of hypothalamic AgRP neurons led to reduced food intake in zebrafish larvae, knockout (KO) of the mc4r gene not only did not increase the rate of food intake but even reduced it. Since Melanocortin Receptor 3 (MC3R) has also been proposed to be involved in hypothalamic control of food intake, we also tested the effectofmc3r gene KO. Again, contrary to our hypothesis, the rate of food intake decreased. The next step was to generate a double mutant lucking both functional MC3R and MC4R. Again, the double KO exhibited reduced food intake. Thus, the only manipulation within the melanocortin system that affected food intake in consistent with the expected role of the system was seen in zebrafish larvae upon agrpKO. Interestingly, despite the apparent reduced food intake in the larval stage, these fish grow to be of the same size as wildtype fish at the adult stage. Altogether, it seems that there is a compensatory mechanism that overrides the effect of genetic manipulations of the melanocortin system in zebrafish. Under Aim 3, we introduced the Xna1, XnB1l, and XnB2A mutations from the Xiphophorus MC4R alleles into the zebrafish MC4R gene. We hypothesized that these MC4R mutations would act as dominant negative alleles to increase growth by suppressing endogenous MC4R activity. When we examined the activity of the three mutant alleles, we were unable to document any inhibition of a co-transfected wild type MC4R allele, hence we did not introduce these alleles into zebrafish. Since teleost fish possess two agrpgenes we also tested the effect of KO of the agrp2 gene and ablation of the AgRP2 cells. We found that the AgRP2 system does not affect food consumption but may rather be involved in modulating the stress response. To try to apply genetic editing in farmed fish species we turned to tilapia. Injection of exogenous AgRP in adult tilapia induced significant changes in the expression of pituitary hormones. Genetic editing in tilapia is far more complicated than in zebrafish. Nevertheless, we managed to generate one mutant fish carrying a mutation in mc4r. That individual died before reaching sexual maturity. Thus, our attempt to generate an mc4r-mutant tilapia line was almost successful and indicate out non-obvious capability to generate mutant tilapia.
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