Journal articles on the topic 'Food prices – Bangladesh'
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1
Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul, and Dil Bahadur Rahut. "Cereal consumption and marketing responses by rural smallholders under rising cereal prices." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 8, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 461–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-09-2017-0088.
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Purpose International commodity prices have escalated to an unprecedented level since 2008. Although commodity prices have declined recently, prices are still high compared to the pre-2008 levels. Combining this market phenomenon with Bangladesh Government’s Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) data sets HIES 2005 and HIES 2010, and applying the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) estimation process, the purpose of this paper is to examine paddy rice marketing, and the cereal and non-cereal food expenditure behavior of rural smallholders in Bangladesh under rising commodity prices. Design/methodology/approach This study uses information collected by the Government of Bangladesh and applies two-step Heckman-type selection model estimation procedure, first to estimate total rice production by the rice production self-sufficiency status of the household. Second, the study estimates the paddy marketing behavior by the households by their rice self-sufficiency status under rising commodity price regime applying SUR estimation process combing with Heckman’s selection model estimation procedure. Findings Empirical findings demonstrate that there was no positive assertion between higher paddy rice prices and paddy rice marketing by the rural smallholders. Rather, under the rising commodity price regime, smallholders significantly reduced consumption expenditure on high food value-enriched non-cereal food items to adjust to the market shocks. Research limitations/implications This is a Bangladesh-based case study. Individual country-level case studies should be conducted in order to generalize the findings of the present study. Originality/value The present study warns that the market volatility may discourage farm households to market their cereals more due to uncertain future. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to explore the cereal marketing behavior of the farm households in Bangladesh under commodity price hikes by the rice production self-sufficiency status of the farm households.
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Misra, Manoj. "Does Government Intervention Matter? Revisiting Recent Rice Price Increases in Bangladesh." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 11, no. 1 (2012): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156914912x620770.
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Abstract The specter of food crisis is haunting the world again in 2011. This comes after a short period of decline in food prices since they peaked in the summer of 2008. The addition of seven point five million people during the 2007-08 food crisis with the estimated food insecure population of sixty-five point three million in Bangladesh (FAO/WFP 2008) underlines the magnitude of food insecurity in the country. In this article I trace the volatility in Bangladesh’s rice market since the 2007-8 food crisis in terms of the country’s deregulation of agricultural sector and the gradual elimination of market regulatory mechanisms. I demonstrate that despite Bangladesh’s relatively minor dependence on the international rice market and a steady domestic supply, the lack of strong government regulation and monitoring of the market resulted in irrational rice-price increases. I argue that the alleged connections between the domestic and the international rice markets are largely hypothetical, and therefore the domestic price increases must be analyzed in terms of internal management of the market. The methodology of this article involves critical review of literature and data collected from secondary sources. Referring to Stiglitz I conclude that the Bangladesh rice market is far from developed and thus warrants a strong regulatory regime.
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Dorosh, Paul A. "Regional Trade and Food Price Stabilisation in South Asia: Policy Responses to the 2007-08 World Price Shocks." Pakistan Development Review 47, no. 4II (December 1, 2008): 803–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v47i4iipp.803-813.
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World price shocks and disruptions in international cereal trade in 2007 and 2008 caused considerable anxiety and hardship for food importing countries throughout the world. In many countries, high international food prices raised import costs, reduced total supplies for consumers and ultimately led to lower real incomes and food consumption for poor households. In South Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh and India were all affected by these movements in international prices, though the effects on domestic prices in each case was mitigated or exacerbated by each country’s own trade policies, as well as the trade policies of its neighbours. Prior to 2007, the general consensus among most economists and food policy analysts was that openness to international trade, particularly private sector trade, was the most efficient mechanism for stabilising domestic food prices and supplies. In light of the 2007-08 experience, however, many observers have concluded that international markets cannot be trusted and that countries should rely on their own domestic production to ensure national and household food security. This paper argues that liberalised international trade still provides the best mechanism for stabilising prices and food supplies in most years, but that appropriate contingency policies are needed for years in which international prices are extraordinarily high.1 More explicit commitments to cereal trade liberalisation within South Asia would also promote region-wide food security and help avoid a repetition of supply disruptions that raised food prices sharply in Afghanistan and Bangladesh. Section II of this paper briefly
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Chile, Love M., and Dayal Talukder. "The Paradox of Agricultural Trade Liberalization in Bangladesh and Tanzania." American Journal of Trade and Policy 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2014): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v1i1.358.
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This paper examines some of the contradictions and theoretical ambiguities of agricultural trade liberalizationon the welfare of smallholder farmers. Using production, consumption and price data for pre-and post-liberalization periods for two main agricultural crops from Bangladesh (rice) and Tanzania (maize) we critically analyse the correlation between domestic and international prices of rice in Bangladesh and maize in Tanzania to estimate impact of agricultural trade liberalization on price stability/volatility and food security to measure economic benefits of trade liberalization on smallholder farmers. Using coefficient of variation of the level of prices (CV) and corrected coefficient of variation (CCV) as measured by Huchet-Bourdon (2011) we found that the values of both CV and CCV for consumer price in the post-liberalisation were quite large suggesting greater volatility of consumer price of rice in Bangladesh and maize in Tanzania in the post-liberalization period. We conclude that price volatility diminishes the potential benefits of agricultural trade liberalization forsmallholder farmers who are net-deficit producers, net-deficit sellers and recommend supplementary policy interventions to achieve enhanced welfare from trade liberalization.
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Jannat, Arifa, Kentaka Aruga, Jun Furuya, and Miyuki Iiyama. "Investigating the Impact of International Markets on Imported and Exported Non-Cereal Crops in Bangladesh." Agriculture 12, no. 6 (June 9, 2022): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060833.
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To maintain a sustainable market for major non-cereal crops in Bangladesh, the present study evaluated the asymmetric effect of the key macroeconomic variables on the imported and exported non-cereal crops. In this connection, this study evaluated the nonlinear interactions and co-movements between the international market indicators such as the world prices, total trade amount, and gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) and the market prices of potato and rapeseed in Bangladesh. Using yearly data from 1988 to 2019, we used the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to investigate both short- and long-term market dynamics concerning the positive and negative shocks in the macroeconomic variables on imported and exported non-cereal crops. First, the study identifies that during the period investigated, the world potato and rapeseed prices led to an increase in the Bangladesh potato and rapeseed prices when they are increasing. Second, we find that the changes in the trade volume only have an influence on the potato price, both in the long-run and short-run. Finally, our findings revealed that domestic rapeseed prices tend to decrease when the GDPPC increases. Our empirical findings imply that it is important for market participants of potato and rapeseed in Bangladesh to take into consideration the sensitivity of the above-mentioned variables when designing resource allocation decisions in the event of positive and negative effects.
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Aftab, Shafque, Muhammad Rizwan Yaseen, and Sofia Anwar. "Impact of rising food prices on consumer welfare in the most populous countries of South Asia." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 8 (August 7, 2017): 1062–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-01-2016-0016.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the welfare cost resulted from an increase in food prices in the three most populous countries of south Asia (Pakistan, India and Bangladesh). Design/methodology/approach The effect of rising food prices on consumer welfare is analyzed by using the compensating variation technique. The measurement of the total consumer welfare effect requires the estimation of price elasticities which are calculated by using linear approximation version of the almost ideal demand system. Findings The results indicate that cereals (wheat, rice) are relatively price inelastic. However, protein-rich food items like chicken and mutton are relatively more income elastic where consumer welfare declines in all countries mainly for cereals and milk, as these food items are relatively less elastic to price fluctuations. Social implications Pakistan, India and Bangladesh represent together about 37 percent of the total world undernourished population. This study suggests that government should target the most vulnerable consumers (low-income group) to improve the income level in these countries. Originality/value It is the first effort to estimate and compare that how food inflation affects the consumer welfare in the most populated countries of South Asia. This type of study is also important for the policy planners to overcome the welfare cost under different setting of price and income so it is an effort toward this direction.
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Rabbi, Mohammad Fazle, Judit Oláh, József Popp, Domicián Máté, and Sándor Kovács. "Food Security and the COVID-19 Crisis from a Consumer Buying Behaviour Perspective—The Case of Bangladesh." Foods 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 3073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10123073.
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Since COVID-19 was confirmed in Bangladesh in March 2020, the government have enacted stringent measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, which has had a significant impact on people’s lives. Food consumption habits of consumers have shifted as a result of declining grocery shopping frequency, negative income shock, and food prices shooting up. This paper aims to explore Bangladeshi consumers’ buying behaviour in association with the stress generated from a food supply shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-outbreak perception of the food industry, using a dataset with 540 online samples collected between July and August 2021. A two-stage cluster sampling method and self-administrated questionnaire techniques were adopted for collecting the data during the third wave of COVID-19. Using partial least squares path modelling (PLS-PM) and multivariate multiple ordered logit regression (MVORD) to reveal the pertinent structure between all the blocks, this study provides two key findings. First, a higher intensity of COVID-19 impact translates into higher food stress associated with income reduction and higher food prices. Second, food stress directly affects consumer buying and consumption behaviour. We strongly recommend connecting consumers with local producers and collective use of shared warehouses through institutions, policies, and reforms to prevent disruption in the food supply chain and to keep food prices stable. Additionally, food producers, distributors, stakeholders, and policy planners should strengthen the food supply chain to stabilize food security.
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Deb, Limon, Yoonsuk Lee, and Sang Hyeon Lee. "Market Integration and Price Transmission in the Vertical Supply Chain of Rice: An Evidence from Bangladesh." Agriculture 10, no. 7 (July 5, 2020): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10070271.
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As a staple food, rice has an enormous market in Bangladesh in terms of market participants and the volume of the product. As the price of rice is always a sensitive factor for producers, poor consumers and policy makers, this paper investigates market integration and price transmission along the vertical supply chain of rice. Johansen’s test of co-integration confirmed that farm, wholesale and retail prices are co-integrated in the long-run. A causality test revealed that prices were found to be at wholesale levels for both the upstream and downstream markets. The asymmetry error correction model (ECM) has discovered short-run and long-run asymmetry in price transmission in the vertical supply chain where both producers and consumers were being affected due to positive and negative asymmetry. Threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum threshold autoregressive (M-TAR) models have confirmed threshold co-integration as well as threshold effect on asymmetry in price transmission. The results highlight the inevitability of policy implementations and increased public interventions to reduce asymmetry for engendering greater pricing efficiency in Bangladesh rice markets.
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Chile, Love, and D. Talukder. "Agricultural trade liberalisation and price volatility in Bangladesh and Tanzania: a comparative analysis." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 44, no. 2 (January 30, 2015): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/70.
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This paper examines the impacts of agricultural trade liberalisation on the welfare of smallholder farmers in Bangladesh and Tanzania. Using secondary data for the pre and postliberalisation periods for two main agricultural crops from Bangladesh (rice) and Tanzania (maize) we analysed the correlation between domestic and international prices of rice and maize to investigate impacts of agricultural trade liberalisation on price stability/volatility and food security with a view to analysing the economic benefits of trade liberalisation for smallholder farmers. To understand price volatility, we used the Huchet-Bourdon (2011) method to estimate the coefficient of variation of the level of prices (CV) and the corrected coefficient of variation (CCV). We found that the values of both CV and CCV for consumer price in the postliberalisation period were quite large, suggesting greater volatility of consumer price of both crops. We further found that productivity growth did not necessarily lead to income gains for smallholder farmers in either country due to price volatility and the lack of market integration. This study illustrates the contradictory outcomes of agricultural trade liberalisation. We recommend complementary policy interventions to achieve enhanced welfare outcomes from agricultural trade liberalisation.
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Saha, Indrani, Alvaro Durand-Morat, Lawton Lanier Nalley, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, and Rodolfo Nayga. "Rice quality and its impacts on food security and sustainability in Bangladesh." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): e0261118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261118.
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Rice market efficiency is important for food security in countries where rice is a staple. We assess the impact of rice quality on rice prices, food security, and environmental sustainability in Bangladesh. We find that while price varies as expected for most quality attributes, it is unaffected by a broken percentage below 24.9 percent. This reveals a potential inefficiency, considering the average 5 percent broken rate observed in the market. An increase in the broken rate of milled rice within the limits supported by our findings can, ceteris paribus, increase rice rations by 4.66 million a year, or conversely, yield the current number of rice rations using 170.79 thousand fewer hectares and cutting emissions by 1.48 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent. Thus, producing rice based on quality assessment can improve food security and its sustainability.
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Islam, Hasibul, Fatema Johora, Asma Abbasy, Masud Rana, and Niyungeko Antoine. "The perceived impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare cost in Bangladesh." Journal of Global Business Insights 6, no. 2 (September 2021): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2640-6489.6.2.1173.
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The study showed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare expenses including the price of medicines, protective equipment, medical devices, healthcare facilities, and food. A self-administered questionnaire was used as the data collection tool and 400 people from different Bangladesh divisions (Dhaka, Chittagong, Barisal, Khulna, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, and Sylhet) participated in this study. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the impact of independent variables on dependent variables. R programming environment was used to perform the statistical analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was used for determination of reliability and found acceptable internal consistency. The price of protective equipment (POPE), the price of a healthcare facilities (POHCF), the consequences of rising prices (CRP), and COVID-19 were independent variables. COVID-19 (CRP) was a dependent variable that measured COVID-19’s impact (IC). The results of the regression analysis indicated a positive and significant impact of POPE, POHCF, and CRP on IC. However, the variance explained was still low (54.4%). Bangladesh should control the prices of all goods and services because of their influence on the impact of COVID-19. Future research should be conducted to discover other variables that affect the impact of COVID-19.
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Khairuzzaman, Md, Fatema Moni Chowdhury, Sharmin Zaman, Arafat Al Mamun, and Md Latiful Bari. "Food Safety Challenges towards Safe, Healthy, and Nutritious Street Foods in Bangladesh." International Journal of Food Science 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/483519.
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The street foods play an important socioeconomic role in meeting food and nutritional requirements of city consumers at affordable prices to the lower and middle income people. The number of food poisoning notifications rose steadily worldwide since the inception ofE. coliO157:H7 outbreak in the 1980s to date. This may be partly attributed to improved surveillance, increased global trade and travel, changes in modern food production, the impact of modern lifestyles, changes in food consumption, and the emergence of new pathogens. Consumer’s knowledge and attitude may influence food safety behavior and practice. For the sake of public health, it is important to understand the epidemiology of foodborne illnesses that help in prevention and control efforts, appropriately allocating resources to control foodborne illness, monitoring and evaluation of food safety measures, development of new food safety standards, and assessment of the cost-effectiveness of interventions. This review paper described the sociodemographic characteristics, common hazards, and occupational hazards of street food vendors, microbial risk associated with street food, food safety interventions and control measures, regulatory aspects and legal requirements, financial constraints, and attitudes.
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Alam, Ashraful, Indranil Dutta, M. Emranul Haque, and Ricardo Nogales. "Impact of Rohingya refugees on food prices in Bangladesh: Evidence from a natural experiment." World Development 154 (June 2022): 105873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105873.
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Reddy, A. Amarender, Ch Radhika Rani, Timothy Cadman, Soora Naresh Kumar, and Anugula N. Reddy. "Towards sustainable indicators of food and nutritional outcomes in India." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 13, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-10-2015-0049.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure performance of India in food and nutrition security relative to other Asian countries like Bangladesh, China, Africa and also developed countries from 1991 to 2016. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on FAO food security indicators under four dimensions, namely, food availability, access, stability and utilization. These indicators are further categorized into determinants and outcome indicators of food security. A comprehensive fifteen indicators are examined in depth. Findings – Food availability in terms of dietary calories and protein per capita was less in India compared to even Africa and Bangladesh. However, food access indicators like road density is better, food prices remain low and stable, which improved food access and stability. However, in utilization indicators, access to water and sanitation remained low, anaemia among pregnant women and undernourishment was relatively higher when even compared to least developed countries like Africa and Bangladesh. Depth of food deficit (an indicator of severity of food deficit) was higher in India except Africa. Research limitations/implications – Future research should focus on policies for decreasing undernourishment and anaemia and severity in depth of food deficit with focus on India. Practical implications – The results highlight the severity of food deficit and anaemia among women, undernourishment and provide benchmark to monitor sustainable development goals in zero hunger goal. Originality/value – This study examined the relative performance of India in various food and nutrition security indicators in comparison to other countries.
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Bloem, Martin W., Abdul Hye, Jonathan Gorstein, Marijke Wijnroks, Gillian Hall, Helen Matzger, and Alfred Sommer. "Nutrition Surveillance Bangladesh: A Useful Tool for Policy Planning at the Local and National Levels." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 16, no. 2 (June 1995): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659501600206.
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As a response to the inability of both governmental and non-governmental organizations to provide vital information during the floods of 1987 and 1988 in Bangladesh, a nutrition surveillance system (the NSP) was established in April 7990. This is a collaborative effort that involves international and indigenous non-governmental organizations and the government of Bangladesh, and is coordinated by Helen Keller International and funded by the US Agency for International Development. During the past three years the NSP has demonstrated an ability to provide regular and dependable information on the prevalence of undernutrition and morbidity in children under five years of age, household socioeconomic characteristics, food prices, and the extent of distress at household and community levels from data collected every two months by NGOs and the government in selected rural districts and urban slums in all regions of the country. The system was established as a bottom-up surveillance system based on NGO-specific teams with a continuous central quality control system to ensure the collection of reliable data. The NSP has proved to be an excellent tool for policy makers from several sectors, involving health, agriculture, and food aid The NGOs use it for the continuous monitoring of their development programmes and to identify mechanisms through which services can be delivered most effectively. Regional-level analyses evaluated the impact of the universal vitamin A capsule distribution programme. After the cyclone of 1991, the NSP demonstrated its flexibility by expanding rapidly to cover affected districts and provide pertinent information to those involved in relief efforts. Most recently, the NSP has provided information on the role of food prices on nutrition status and assisted the Ministry of Food in its decision-making. The model is worthy of consideration for replication in other countries in the world.
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Sarker, M. A., M. Hoque, A. H. Chowdhury, and Z. Ferdous. "Can Organic Agriculture Feed the Smallholders? Experience from Rural Bangladesh." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 31, no. 1 (June 2021): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24551333211036938.
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This study empirically tests the benefit of the smallholders from organic farming in Bangladesh through their improved food security which is realised from their increased productivity and farm income. The respondent smallholders were picked up from two districts of Bangladesh namely Mymensingh and Bogra. The respondents (80) were the beneficiaries of the organic agriculture promotion project of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Three years data were collected by the project staff and were crosschecked with the base line. Findings of the study explored that before joining with the project extreme majority (93%) of the small farmers were involved in rice mono-culture and more than half (67%) of them were food deficit. The study also revealed that at the initial year of joining organic agriculture project their farm productivity was 10–12% lesser and it increased continually in the successive years. In some cases, it crossed the yield compared to conventional farming. The findings of the study showed that 100% of the farmers have followed crop diversification with high value vegetables and spices along with rice. Due to adoption of organic practices, the cost of production of the smallholders has declined from 27% to 36% and additionally they enjoy 10% to 15% premium prices which have enhanced their farm income significantly. The study shows that 62.5% of the smallholder farmers had attained household food security due to adoption of organic agriculture. Thus, adoption of organic agriculture effectively increased smallholders’ access to surplus safe food. However, the study also explored that farm size, extension media contact, access to assured market and access to institutional support are the most important factors in improving smallholders’ household food security through participation in organic agriculture programme. Thus, it can be concluded that organic agriculture can feed the smallholders in a better way.
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Jannat, Arifa, Yuki Ishikawa-Ishiwata, and Jun Furuya. "Assessing the Impacts of Climate Variations on the Potato Production in Bangladesh: A Supply and Demand Model Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 29, 2021): 5011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095011.
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From the perspective of nutritional security, we investigated the influence of climate change on potato production in Bangladesh using a supply and demand model by considering the potato as an important non-cereal food crop. To provide an outlook on the variation in potato supplies and market prices under changing climatic factors (temperature, rainfall, and solar-radiation), the yield, area, import, and demand functions were assessed using district-level time-series data of Bangladesh (1988–2013), disaggregated into seven climatic zones. Results suggest that temperatures above or below the optimal range (18–22 °C) lowered yields. Little rainfall and low solar radiation hinder potato cultivation areas during the potato maturity stage. During the simulated period, the annual production was projected to rise from 88 to 111 million metric tons (MT), with an equilibrium farm price of 155 to 215 US dollars MT−1. Between 2014 and 2030, the nation’s per-capita potato intake is expected to increase from 49 to 55 kg year−1 because of changing dietary patterns. According to the estimated equilibrator, scenario simulations that incorporated various dimensions of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios indicate that potato production and consumption can increase in the future.
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Shuvo, Suvasish Das, Md Sakhawot Hossain, Md Riazuddin, Sanaullah Mazumdar, and Deepa Roy. "Factors influencing low-income households’ food insecurity in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 lockdown." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): e0267488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267488.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic and countrywide lockdown could negatively impact household food insecurity among low-income households. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of household food insecurity and its influencing factors among low-income people in Bangladesh during the lockdown of COVID-19. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted through face-to-face interviews from 500 low-income households during the countrywide COVID-19 lockdown. A pretested, structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect socioeconomic characteristics, household income conditions, and food accessibility. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) were used to measure food insecurity. Multinomial logistic regression models were estimated to evaluate and predict risk factors that influence food insecurity. Results The study found that above 67% of households was mild-to-moderate food insecure while 23% experienced severe food insecurity. Significantly, 88%, 97.4%, and 93.4% of the households had anxiety and uncertainty, inadequate quality, and inadequate quantity of food, respectively. The regression analysis revealed the age 36–50 years (RRR: 4.86; 95% CI: 2.31–7.44, RRR: 4.16; 95% CI: 2.25–6.10) and monthly income <58.3 USD (RRR: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.12–5.14, RRR: 3.26; 95% CI: 1.79–4.71) were significantly associated with food insecurity (p <0.001). Likewise, less-income (RRR: 3.87; 95% CI: 1.37–6.46, RRR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.16–4.83), increase in food prices (RRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 0.32–2.33, RRR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.05–1.12), and those who did not have same type of earning as before during the COVID-19 lockdown (RRR: 3.41; 95% CI: 1.33–5.62, RRR: 2.60; 95% CI: 0.99–4.24) were potential risk factor for MMFI and FI. Conclusion This study found that households become more susceptible to food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown period. Based on the findings, we suggest some essential food policies and adequate food assistance to mitigate these negative consequences.
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Rahaman, MS, MAR Sarkar, MJ Kabir, L. Deb, MC Rahman, MA Islam, and MAB Siddique. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Rice Procurement Programme and Farmers’ Profitability in some Selected Areas of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Rice Journal 24, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v24i1.53238.
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Using cross-sectional data obtained through carrying out a sample survey conducted during 2018, we examined the perception of farmers and millers about the paddy and rice procurement system and its feasibility. A probit model was employed to ascertain the factors influencing the likelihood of participating in the procurement system by farmers from two districts of Bangladesh. The results showed that the government procurement system has significant impacts on both the participant farmers and millers. The farmers and millers' net profit was TK 4,205 and TK 3,930 by selling a ton of paddy and cleaned rice, respectively, to the procurement center rather than in the local market. The probit regression analysis revealed nine different factors that significantly influenced farmers' participation in the paddy procurement programme. Results further implied that educated farmers had procurement cards with sufficient system knowledge, residing near the hub with improved road access, and association with political parties get preference in participating in the programme. The findings also indicate that lucrative prices, programme scheduling and good conduct of procurement employees inspire farmers to participate in the programme. The government procurement programme has several drawbacks such as anomalies in selecting farmers, taking extra paddy by the employees, corruption, unsuitable payment system, and procurement capacity. Therefore, the government would be vigilant to ensure that the procurement system will provide farmers with price support. A well-functioning procurement system is crucial for guaranteeing the country's food security by ensuring a fair price for the producers. Finally, the study proposed some policy guidelines based on the findings to establish a sound paddy and/or rice procurement system in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 31-46, 2020
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Golam Rabbani, Md, M. Serajul Islam, and Rozina Yeasmin Lucky. "Marine Fish Marketing and Prices Changes in Different Levels of Market in Bangladesh: An Empirical Study Using Primary Data." Agriculturists 15, no. 2 (January 26, 2018): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v15i2.35467.
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Contribution of fisheries in the national economy of Bangladesh is substantial, particularly with reference to food consumption, nutrition, employment and export. The present study was designed to determine the changes of prices of marine fish at different levels of market and to determine various problems relating to marine fish marketing system in Bangladesh. This study used purposive sampling and data were collected from 168 stakeholders using interview schedule considering 10 major species of marine fish during 2014. Primary, secondary and consumer market were considered in the study. The study revealed that both marketing margins as well as marketing profit are relatively higher in consumer market followed by primary and secondary markets, where baparis and aratders are involved. Marketing costs for per kg of marine fish were estimated to be Tk 8.55, 1.10 and 4.50 for beparis, aratdars and retailers, respectively. Average marketing cost was lower in primary market (Tk 8.86/kg) compared to secondary market (Tk 9.99/kg) and consumer market (Tk 12.29/kg). The marketing system of marine fish in Bangladesh is yet to be developed and since this is facing a lot of problems including post-harvest losses, poor physical facilities, etc. Government and department of fisheries should take necessary action for development of marketing system of marine fishes.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(2) 79-87
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Rakib, Md, Nure Desha, Md Rahman, Md Kabir, Farzana Yasmin, Md Alam, Sonia Akther, and Nasrin Sultana. "Environmental adaptability, morphometric features with reproductive and productive potentialities of indigenous sheep in Bangladesh." Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 9, no. 4 (2022): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2022.i634.
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Indigenous sheep are highly adaptable and widely distributed in different regions of Bangladesh. They are famous for their tolerance to harsh environmental conditions, low demand for feed, and disease resistance with minimum or no housing and management facilities. Ample indiscrimi¬nate research reports and case studies on the native sheep of Bangladesh have been published. Nonetheless, a comprehensive review of reproductive and productive performances, as well as their various morphometric physiognomies and climate resilience capabilities, is lacking. This review was designed to explore and summarize the available research reports on indigenous sheep to highlight the gaps and provide an updated database for the future research plan for sustainable native sheep production in Bangladesh. It covers studies on sheep biodiversity, their adaptabil¬ity to the local environment, morphometric features, feeding and nutrition, reproduction and production performances, diseases and health management, and the problems and prospects of sheep farming in Bangladesh. Due to the increased demand for animal protein, especially red meat, the scope of sheep farming increases along with that of other large and small ruminants. The vital constraints of sheep production in Bangladesh include insufficient feed and fodder sup¬ply with its high prices, higher disease occurrence with low or no management practices, kid mortality, and a poor marketing channel with the lower popularity of sheep meat than goat meat. Future research would be a prerequisite to measuring the impact of native sheep on household economies and food security during the year, evaluating the other challenges, and finding out the possible interventions in the fields of nutrition, reproduction, and health management.
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Amin, M. N., B. C. Kundub, M. Rahman, M. M. Rahman, and M. M. Uddin. "PROMISING EARLY PLANTING AND STRESS-TOLERANT POTATO GENOTYPES FOR NORTHERN BANGLADESH." Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 5, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.01.2021.16.20.
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Potato is the third major food crop in the world. In Northern Bangladesh, potato production outside the regular growing season can contribute to farmers’ profit and prices can be very favorable as consumers’ demand for potatoes is greater than the decreased, off-season supply. However, potato production may be negatively affected by increased pest and disease pressure and higher soil temperature. We hypothesized that some potato varieties would have smaller tuber yield reduction when they are grown outside the normal season. The objective of this experiment was to find out promising genotypes for earlier cultivation prior to mid of November, cultivation in northern regions of Bangladesh. The trials, corresponding to very early, early, normal and late growing seasons were planted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Germination percent, plant height, stems per hill, marketable tuber yield at 65 days, marketable tuber yield at 90 days were recorded. For yield and components of yield contributing characters Clone 13.17, BARI Alu 7(Diamant) and Arizona outperformed in all growing condition and had wider adaptability and stability of tuber yield based on Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI).
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Evenson, Robert E. "The Green Revolution and the Gene Revolution in Pakistan: Policy Implications (The Quaid-i-Azam Memorial Lecture)." Pakistan Development Review 44, no. 4I (December 1, 2005): 359–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v44i4ipp.359-386.
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Pakistan achieved high levels of Green Revolution Modern Variety (GRMV) adoption in the Green Revolution. Pakistan out-performed India and Bangladesh in the Green Revolution. Only China, among major countries, out-performed Pakistan in the Green Revolution. Pakistan does not have the food safety and environmental risk studies in place to support a regulatory environment for biotechnology. In effect, Pakistan is following the “precautionary principle” and applying it to science policy. This paper argues that this is a mistake. Pakistan is paying a “double penalty” for its inability to develop the regulatory systems required to take advantage of genetically modified (GM) crops. Not only does it lose the cost reductions enabled by GM crops, but because other countries have adopted GM crops, world prices are lower as a result and affect Pakistan’s export crops.
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Jannat, Arifa, Yuki Ishikawa-Ishiwata, and Jun Furuya. "Does Climate Change Affect Rapeseed Production in Exporting and Importing Countries? Evidence from Market Dynamics Syntheses." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 16, 2022): 6051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106051.
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Globally, non-cereal crops such as vegetable oils and their associated products will surpass cereals in demand by 2050, according to the World Bank (WB). Despite being considered an energy-efficient food crop, the production and supply capability of rapeseed is mostly influenced by climate conditions. Aiming in this context, the study explored how temperature and rainfall patterns influence rapeseed production, as well as how rapeseed prices in major trading countries may influence production and consumption patterns in developing countries. To do this, a supply and demand model approach has been employed for major exporting (Canada) and importing countries, i.e., China, the United States (U.S.) along with Bangladesh, a developing nation. The baseline study period was considered from 1991 to 2018, and simulations were performed up to 2040. The findings revealed that the most important effect on rapeseed yield is directly related to changes in temperature, which are positively related to the growing season but negatively related to the maturity stages of rapeseed in all studied countries. Rapeseed exports from Canada are expected to rise by 2040, while imports from China and the U.S. will rise simultaneously. In Canada, the per capita consumption of rapeseed oil is expected to increase from 16 to 24 kg per year between 2019 and 2040. Over the projection period, oil per capita consumption has steadily increased in China, the U.S., and Bangladesh. The relative demand for rapeseed oil is projected to increase by 2060, according to representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Therefore, it is necessary to determine market prices considering the probable climatic effect and increasing market demand for rapeseed to sustain the international market access of trading nations.
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Kabir, M. S., MU Salam, AKMS Islam, M. A. R. Sarkar, MAA Mamun, MC Rahman, B. Nessa, et al. "Doubling Rice Productivity in Bangladesh: A Way to Achieving SDG 2 and Moving Forward." Bangladesh Rice Journal 24, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v24i2.53447.
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Built on deep-rooted political and cultural heritage, ‘rice security’ is the foundation of ‘food security’ in Bangladesh. The country has been in production-surplus of rice in the current decade feeding over 165 million people. This on-going ‘selfsufficiency momentum’ would require to maintain to meet increased demand from growing future population. On developmental side, Bangladesh is placed among the three of the world’s fastest growing economies in the years through to 2050. Rice sector would need to match with the pace of this growth. In addition, agriculture sector, that includes rice, is to double the productivity as the government commits to meet the SDG goal 2.3.1. This study addresses those issues through scoping increased rice production and productivity in Bangladesh, developing a plan of work (POW) on translating the scope and designing implementation plans and actions, incorporating efficiency, resilience, stability and sustainability issues, to achieve the POW. The study has used brainstorming, and rigorous analysis to achieve the objectives. The productivity has been explained in terms of yield- and labour-productivity. The developed three-winged ‘doubling rice productivity (DRP)’ framework directs yield enhancement and production accumulation in unexplored spaces (Wing-1); increased adoption of mechanization to impact on labour productivity (Wing-2), and improvements in nutritional quality and rice-based product diversity, and stabilizing the farmgate price (Wing-3). Analyses show, from the baseline figure of 35.29 MT in 2015, rice production in the country can be raised to 46.90 MT in 2030, 54.09 MT in 2040 and 60.85 MT in 2050 with combined contributions of three pillars – yield improvements by enhanced varietal potential (Pillar 1), reduction in existing yield gap (Pillar 2) and production increase by exploring unexplored spaces for rice (Pillar 3) of Wing-1 of the DRP. This production will produce a surplus of 6.50, 10.29 and 13.65 MT in 2030, 2040 and 2050, respectively, over the production target (40.40, 43.80 and 47.20 MT in 2030 and 2050, respectively). Results further reveal that through scale-appropriate mechanization backed up by estimated fair price, labour productivity in rice will be doubled by 2029, meeting the SDG 2.3.1. Good number of released varieties have been identified to have specific nutritional trait, and value adding quality. We have emphasized on much needed actions on demand-driven research for varietal development and field-adoptable management, mechanization for transplanting and harvesting operations, accommodation of rice in unexplored spaces, farmer-based speedy seed multiplication and dissemination system, establishment of commission for agricultural costs and prices, input buffer stock terminals for managing production risk, long-term storage and export of surplus production, and research-publicity-market development for rice-based products through public-private partnership. It is concluded that efficiency, resilience and sustainability around the three wings of DRP in the rice production systems to be ensured to achieve the rice production, productivity and labour use estimates. Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 1-47, 2021
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Agnew, Jessica, Spencer Henson, and Ying Cao. "Are Low-Income Consumers Willing to Pay for Fortification of a Commercially Produced Yogurt in Bangladesh." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 41, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572119895860.
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Background: There is an active debate over the potential for market-based strategies to address micronutrient deficiencies in low- and middle-income countries. However, there are questions over the viability of market-based strategies, reflecting limited evidence on the value that low-income households attach to the nutritional attributes of processed foods. Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate the willingness to pay of primary food purchasers in low-income households in rural Bangladesh for Shokti+, a nutritionally fortified yogurt produced and distributed by Grameen Danone Foods Limited. Methods: A real choice experiment with economic incentives was conducted with 1000 rural food purchasers sampled from the distribution area of Shokti+ in rural Bangladesh. The choices of respondents revealed attribute nonattendance, favoring the fortification attribute over price. Results: Results from a random parameter logit model found that respondents were willing to pay an average of 18 BDT (US$0.22) for fortification and 6 BDT (US$0.073) for brand name. The market price for Shokti+ at the time of the study was 10 BDT (US$0.12). The results from a random effects model suggest the magnitude of willingness to pay for fortification was primarily driven by the nutritional awareness of respondents but offset by household food insecurity. Conclusions: The article concludes that, while there is a viable market for fortified yogurt in rural Bangladesh, efforts to promote this product as a strategy to address micronutrient deficiency are best targeted at low-income households with some capacity to pay for low priced commercially produced foods.
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Zheng, Guang-Wen, Nazma Akter, Abu Bakkar Siddik, and Mohammad Masukujjaman. "Organic Foods Purchase Behavior among Generation Y of Bangladesh: The Moderation Effect of Trust and Price Consciousness." Foods 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 2278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102278.
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This study aims to identify the factors influencing the purchase behavior of organic foods among young generation customers in Bangladesh. The study adopted the theory of planned behavior as a base and developed 11 hypotheses based on the extant empirical literature. Adopting the purposive sampling method, the primary data were obtained from a cross-sectional sample of 464 young Bangladeshi consumers using a survey method. In order to identify the key relationship among the study variables, the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was employed using AMOS software, version 25. The study employed a purposive sampling method to pick young respondents through online media. The study revealed that health consciousness, environmental consciousness, food safety consciousness, price consciousness, novelty consciousness, and trust are factors that significantly affect purchase intention and subsequently, the actual purchase of organic foods. The novelty consciousness factor got the highest predicting power, followed by food safety concerns among Generation Y. The research also found that trust and price consciousness exhibit positive and negative moderating effects, respectively, on the relationship between purchase intention and actual purchase. However, the study did not find any moderating role of price consciousness on the association between environmental consciousness and purchase intention. As policy recommendations, informing and educating young consumers about organic products, their novelty, and other benefits of consuming is critical for fostering their purchase.
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Khan, AKM Dawlat, and AKM Mazharul Islam. "Food, Nutrition and Health Care: diverse conceptions amongst adolescent population in a semi-urban Bangladeshi Muslim community." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 13, no. 4 (September 27, 2014): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i4.19165.
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Objective: This study explores how the adolescents identify diet and why do they select these types of foods as diet and how they conceptualize health. Methodology: This is an empirical study conducted applying qualitative methods in a semi-urban Muslim community at Sylhet district in the northeastern region of Bangladesh. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. Results: Adolescents had diverse conceptions on foods related to nutrition and health care. Adolescents relate food categorization mainly with the price of food, function of foods and a number of sensory characteristics, such as taste, smell and color. They categorized foods according to the price of foods- poor and rich; and to the function of foods- hot and cold. They had different preferences in different genders according to the sensory characteristics of foods- black color, sour taste etc. They had also some gender specific taboo on some foods. Conclusion: This study reveals that adolescents have diversified thinking on foods related to nutrition and health care practices, which demands to provide special attention for improving their understanding on food, nutrition and health care. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i4.19165 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(4) 2014 p.391-395
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Sohel, Md Salman, Guoqing Shi, Noshin Tasnim Zaman, Babul Hossain, Md Halimuzzaman, Tosin Yinka Akintunde, and Huicong Liu. "Understanding the Food Insecurity and Coping Strategies of Indigenous Households during COVID-19 Crisis in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study." Foods 11, no. 19 (October 5, 2022): 3103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11193103.
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This study examined the food insecurity and coping mechanisms among the indigenous Bangladeshi population of the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) region to extract empirical evidence on the ongoing discussion on the COVID-19 pandemic-exacerbated food-insecurity situation. The study adopted a qualitative approach by interviewing 60 indigenous households. Data were collected in two phases between 15 June 2020, and 30 July 2021 in Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) region. Thematic data analyses were performed using the Granheim approach and NVivo-12 software. The authors used Huston’s social–ecological theory to explain the indigenous coping mechanisms. The research evidence revealed that most households experienced challenges over daily foods, manifesting in the decreasing consumption of them, the increased price of food items, a food crisis due to an income shock, malnutrition, the shifting to unhealthy food consumption, starvation and hunger, and food insufficiency, thereby leading to mental stress. This study further revealed that the indigenous population took crucial coping strategies to survive the pandemic. In response to COVID-19, they took loans and borrowed foods, reduced expenses, changed their food habits, avoided nutritional foods, relied on vegetables, sold domestic animals and properties, collected forest and hill foods, and depended on governmental and societal relief. This study also provides the in-depth policy actions for the urgent intervention of government, stakeholders, policymakers, NGOs, and development practitioners to take necessary initiatives to enhance the quality of life of the people that were affected by the post-pandemic recovery period.
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Alam, Md Jahangir, Abdullah Al-Mahmud, Md Aminul Islam, Md Faruque Hossain, Md Akkas Ali, Eldessoky S. Dessoky, Ehab I. El-Hallous, Mohamed M. Hassan, Nasrin Begum, and Akbar Hossain. "Crop Diversification in Rice—Based Cropping Systems Improves the System Productivity, Profitability and Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 6288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116288.
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Cropping systems in the Level Barind Tract (LBT) of Bangladesh are highly diverse, as Transplanted (T.) Aman and Boro (T. Boro) rice are a common practice in the area. Although. T. Aman is generally cultivated in the rainy (monsoon) season, but the T. Boro rice is the intensive irrigation-based winter rice with high establishment costs as a result of exhaustive tillage and high labours for transplanting of seedlings. Furthermore, pumping of a large amount of irrigation during T. Boro cultivation declines the level of groundwater, which is not environmentally friendly nor cost-effective. Therefore, the replacement of the T. Boro rice from the cropping pattern in the LBT area is the major concern of policymakers. In this context, a replicated three to four crop-based cropping systems (CS) field trial was conducted in LBT of Gaibandha, Bangladesh for consecutive three years (2018–2020) to evaluate productivity, profitability and sustainability of the multiple crop-based cropping systems. Among these CS, existing three crops based CS, CS1: T. Aman–Potato–T. Boro (introduction of the local potato in the existing cropping system) were compared with four crops based CS2: T. Aman–Potato–Cucumber–T. Aus (Introduction of high yielding potato, cucumber and T. Aus as an improved cropping system). After two years of observations, significantly higher system productivity (rice equivalent yield; REY) was found in the improved CS2 than that of existing CS1 in both years (two years’ average 49% or 11.1 t ha−1). As a result of the introduction of the high yielding potato, cucumber and T. Aus rice instead of the T. Boro rice. The CS2 was also found profitable as compared to the CS1 in terms of higher gross margin (by 74%), net return (double) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) (1.69 vs. 1.44) due to higher gross return with slightly higher (by 28%) production cost. It is due to farmers received higher prices for potato, cucumber and two rice crops in the improved CS2 than the existing CS1. On the other hand, protein and energy output was lower (by 17% and 9%, respectively) in the CS2 than the existing CS1, due to the less content of protein and energy value in the vegetable cucumber. The results of the study revealed that crops diversification in the existing T. Boro based CS with high yielding potato, cucumber, and T. Aus rice, improved the system productivity, profitability and sustainability; which lead to improve the food security of the increasing population and also reduce the adverse effect on the environment.
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Ahmed, Rais Uddin. "Rice price stabilization and food security in Bangladesh." World Development 16, no. 9 (September 1988): 1035–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(88)90107-6.
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Dey, Sudip. "Adverse Rohingya Impacts on Bangladeshi Economy and its Solutions." American Journal of Trade and Policy 5, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v5i2.438.
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Rohingya crisis is a crucial topic for recent time in world media. Due to injustice massacre on Rohingya, they took place in our country. This massacre was illegal and breaks the law of human rights. After arriving the Rohingya in Bangladesh, I have seen it had some adverse economic impacts on our Bangladeshi economy. From my study, I have seen it has effects on our tourism industry, unemployment, price hiking, banking sector, food security, and environment and so on. But the impact of Rohingya crisis on tourism industry was intolerable. At the end of my study, I have suggested some polices to solve the Rohingya crisis.
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Saha, Mousumi, Seikh Mohammad Sayem, A. K. M. Abdullah Al-Amin, and Shankar Majumder. "Oil price volatility and its impact on economic growth and food security in Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 3 (December 28, 2018): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i3.39446.
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This study empirically examines oil price volatility and the impact of oil price changes on the growth of the economy and food security in Bangladesh. The study uses yearly data of macroeconomic variables from 1991 to 2015 and global food security index (GFSI) for the period 2012 to 2015. Furthermore, data of GFSI for previous four years have been simulated using exponential model. The GARCH (2, 1) model with minimum AIC postulates that volatility was high in the previous period and it has been continued to be lower in the current period (i.e. 2015). The co-integration test and error correction model exhibit that both in short-run and long-run case the increasing oil price negatively affected the growth of the economy. The simultaneous equations regression model using three-stage least squares estimator discloses that an increase in oil price declines the economic growth and food security simultaneously and significantly. Moreover, this study suggests that oil price volatility is not a good sign for the economy of Bangladesh, since, the country is an importer of crude oil, government policy should be quick responsive in relation to international oil market to create consistent oil market and sustainable economic development in Bangladesh.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 482–491, December 2018
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Siddique, Md Abu Bakr, Md Abdus Salam, and Mohammad Chhiddikur Rahman. "Estimating the Demand Elasticity of Rice in Bangladesh: An Application of the AIDS Model." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 10, no. 3 (October 19, 2020): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.ajard.2020.103.721.728.
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This study determines the causes of consumption, compensated, and uncompensated demand for rice using the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA-AIDS) model in Bangladesh. The model was used along with the corrected Stone Price Index. The study’s findings showed that the income elasticity of demand for rice was only 0.76, indicating that rice is a normal and necessary food item. The own-price elasticity (compensated and uncompensated) showed that all food items were price inelastic. The rice’s own-price elasticity demonstrated that if the price falls by 10%, rice demand will rise by 8.21%. This cross-price elasticity showed the weak substitution effects of a price change. Therefore, price interference may not lead to a substantial effect on food demand.
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Yaseen, M. R., I. Mehmood, and O. Ali. "Comparative analysis of the food and nutrients demand in developing countries: The case of main vegetable products in South Asian countries ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 12 (December 1, 2014): 570–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/28/2014-agricecon.
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Being the most populous countries of South Asia, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh together represent about 37% of the world total undernourished population. In the article, there are calculated the expenditure elasticities and the own and cross non-compensated price elasticities of main vegetable products of these countries by using the LA-AIDS model. There are used the elasticity estimates to decompose the recent demand fluctuations into price effect, income effect and population effect for each country. Then the ways for the government to improve the protein and energy intake after calculating the vegetable protein and calories elasticities are compared. Wheat and rice in these countries are relatively price inelastic. For these three countries, the population development (as well as the revenue for India and Bangladesh) appears to be the most important and regular cause of the augmentation of demand for vegetable products. A combination of income and price policies may be more effective in influencing the consumption pattern. The government should aim at improving the income level of most vulnerable consumers (low income group) in these countries.
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Rana, Mohammad Bakhtiar, Md Masrurul Mowla, and Md Tarikul Islam. "Key success factors creating values in Marketing: a study on Instant-Food-Products (IFPs) marketing in Bangladesh." Indonesian Management and Accounting Research 10, no. 1 (November 10, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/imar.v10i1.1294.
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<p class="Style4">The concern as a marketer is to determine the key success factors that create value for products to the consumers in Bangladeshi market with regard to selected IFPs. Doing business based on value delivered gives companies the means to get an equitable return for their efforts. This study focusing on three <strong>IFTs </strong>such as <em>Noodles, Biscuits & C'alces, and Chip, </em>has attempted to determine the key success factors that create value for these products to the customers and retailers. Factors are then thoroughly scanned in terms of their merits and weights on the basis of findings from consumers' and retailers' survey. Finally the higher weighted factors have been considered as the key success factors that create va lue for the IFPs in Bangladeshi market. Study reveals an interesting finding that price is not the most important factor that consumers firstly prioritize in order to buy a brand of instant food product, rather taste and quality is the priority that consumers first consider. Moreover, in addition to taste and quality, packaging, price, advertising and availability of the product have been found to be the most important key success factors for instant food product marketing in Bangladesh. As the economy moves forward living styles with consumption pattern are becoming diverse. The criteria of choosing an instant food product, therefore, have been greatly different and factor dependent Marketers need to pay more attention on marketing strategy formation with regard to taste & quality, packaging and advertising as well as product innovation.</p><p class="Style2"><strong>Key words: </strong>key-success-factors, value creation, instant-food products, Introduction</p>
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Rupa, AZ, I. Hussain, and O. Goni. "Production of potato breads." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 48, no. 3 (December 14, 2013): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v48i3.17332.
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This study conduct to produce nutritious bread using locally abundant and available raw materials such as wheat, potato, soybean flour & oil. Potato ranks third in Bangladesh behind rice and wheat, in terms of total production. Potato is commonly used as a vegetable in Bangladesh, but in many other areas potato is treated as a staple food. Policy makers and administrators realize that, to meet the country's growing food requirements, the dependence on cereals must be reduced. A bounty production of potatoes in Bangladesh should channelize to product diversification to legitimize the price of Potatoes will help the potato farmers. It is relatively labor-intensive and land-intensive and would combine well with other crops in cropping systems to use land that would otherwise be idle. A sharp revenue earning will be enjoyed for the Government provided potato diversified use occurs here in Bangladesh. This study was dedicated to very high share use of potatoes in various frequently used foods like bread. Trying to use upto 50% of potato to make various products like bread, cakes & potato flakes. The proximate analysis test or laboratory test shows containing protein 2.26% comparing with market breads 1%. The taste of bread produced in our laboratory was compared with other five company wheat breads, available in market. The product showed extraordinary softness & flavor relative to other market available breads. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v48i3.17332 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 48(3), 201-204, 2013
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Basak, Shib Sankar. "Food Consumption Pattern in Rural Areas of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Public Administration 30, no. 4 (December 22, 2022): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36609/bjpa.v30i4.382.
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The study was conducted to assess the food habit and dietary patterns of rural people in the Bogura district. A total of 37 households were considered as respondents for the study. A specially designed questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting data. The study revealed the rural people's family background, occupation, consumption patterns and average food intake of carbohydrates, protein, oil, fruits and other food items, factors affecting their food selection, and their satisfaction level regarding food under the specific objectives. The interviewees' mean household size was 5.19, whereas most respondents belonged to agricultural households (35.14%). It was found that rice essentially dominated the average daily food intake per person at 422.60 grams making up 52.37% of total food consumption and also constituted the most share of carbohydrate consumption. The respondent also consumes vegetables (185.10g/capita/day) and leafy vegetables (56.67g/capita/day) in moderate amounts but a lesser amount of fruits(35.45g/capita/day). Nutrition and price were the first and second determinants of food choice (16 and 15 of 37 households), and 54.06% of respondents were satisfied with their present food intake. Most households took protein four days a week, with the highest fish consumption (42.05g/capita/day) as of first preference. By conducting more awareness programmes on the importance of balanced food consumption, nutrition, quality food, and homestead gardening by the governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations working in the study area, the present scenario of quality food consumption can be improved.
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Akter, Shahnaj, Shahjahan Ali, Mária Fekete-Farkas, Csaba Fogarassy, and Zoltán Lakner. "Why Organic Food? Factors Influence the Organic Food Purchase Intension in an Emerging Country (Study from Northern Part of Bangladesh)." Resources 12, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources12010005.
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Organic farming is functionally integrated and serves as the foundation for circular agriculture. It guarantees resource efficiency in the deployment of nature-based initiatives to mitigate climate change. Organic farming is the most cost-efficient strategy for fighting climate change. Primarily the intensive generation of waste due to strong urbanization effects, the expression of consumer response is particularly powerful while purchasing organic items. This analysis’s major purpose is to examine which various aspects may be applied to consumers’ perspectives towards circular agriculture when buying organic foods. In this research, a well-constructed questionnaire was produced. Of the 1030 participants who participated in the survey, 1001 samples were examined. The major study question was, “Would the customer purchase organic food product that is good environment?” The second issue is, how do eco-label foods, knowledge about climate change, consumer education, and specific socio-demographic features impact the value of organic food consumption? According to the study’s findings, in the case of the studied customers, people’s concerns about climate change, trust, and eco-labels demonstrate a stronger preference for purchasing organic food. It is also a surprise that customer trust has a big effect on consumer buying intention. The new scientific result of the research is that, in the case of emerging countries, due to the significantly lower price level difference between organic products and traditional foods, the healthy properties of foods with an eco-label, as well as the communication of knowledge about climate change, have a significant effect on the level of consumption of organic foods.
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Anik, Asif Reza, and Sanzidur Rahman. "Commercial Energy Demand Forecasting in Bangladesh." Energies 14, no. 19 (October 6, 2021): 6394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196394.
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Although both aggregate and per capita energy consumption in Bangladesh is increasing rapidly, its per capita consumption is still one of the lowest in the world. Bangladesh gradually shifted from petroleum-based energy to domestically sourced natural-gas-based energy sources, which are predicted to run out within next two decades. The present study first identified the determinants of aggregate commercial energy and its three major components of oil, natural gas, and coal demand for Bangladesh using a simultaneous equations framework on an annual database covering a period of 47 years (1972–2018). Next, the study forecast future demand for aggregate commercial energy and its three major components for the period of 2019–2038 under the business-as-usual and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic scenarios with some assumptions. As part of a sensitivity analysis, based on past trends, we also hypothesized four alternative GDP and population growth scenarios and forecast corresponding changes in total energy demand forecast. The results revealed that while GDP and lagged energy demand are the major drivers of energy demand in the country, we did not see strong effects of own- and cross-price elasticities of energy sources, which we attributed to three reasons: subsidized low energy prices, time and cost required to switch between different energy-mix technologies, and suppressed energy demand. The aggregate energy demand is expected to increase by 400% by the end of the forecasting period in 2038 from its existing level in 2018 under the business-as-usual scenario, whereas the effect of COVID-19 could suppress it down to 300%. Under the business-as-usual scenario, the highest increase will occur for coal (3.94-fold), followed by gas (2.64-fold) and oil (2.37-fold). The COVID-19 pandemic will suppress the future demand of all energy sources at variable rates. The ex ante forecasting errors were small, varying within the range of 3.6–3.7% of forecast values. Sensitivity analysis of changes in GDP and population growth rates showed that forecast total energy demand will increase gradually from 3.58% in 2019 to 8.79% by 2038 from original forecast values. Policy recommendations include capacity building of commercial energy sources while ensuring the safety and sustainability of newly proposed coal and nuclear power installations, removing inefficiency of production and distribution of energy and its services, shifting towards renewable and green energy sources (e.g., solar power), and redesigning subsidy policies with market-based approaches.
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Akter, Mohima, Md Nazmus Sadekin, and Ataul Karim Patwary. "An Empirical Study on Students’ Satisfaction from Mawlana Bhashani Science & Technology University, Bangladesh." Review of Economics and Development Studies 6, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 463–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/reads.v6i2.215.
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The main motive of this study is to explore university canteen foodservice attributes (food quality, food variety, price fairness, ambience, staff, and student satisfaction)in Mawlana Bhashani Science & Technology. Data are accumulated through a simple random sampling technique. A total of 355 numbers of valid questionnaires is used for statistic exploration. For measuring the performance of all factors for student satisfaction, 7 points Likert Scale is used.Qualitative& quantitative systems are used in the paper. Microsoft Excel version 10.0, Smart PLS software version 3.0, SPSS software version 20.0, is performed to analyze and test the theoretical model. Following the literature, data are analyzed using Crosstab Analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, Structural Equation Modeling; Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Path Analysis. The findings show that food quality, food variety, ambience & staff have a significant positive influence on student satisfaction, and the price has a negative impact on student satisfaction.
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Rahman, M. H., T. Lund, and I. Bryceson. "Salinity effects on food habits in three coastal, rural villages in Bangladesh." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 26, no. 3 (February 11, 2011): 230–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170511000020.
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AbstractSince shrimp farming started in Bangladesh in the 1970s, it has spread throughout the coastal region, increasing soil and water salinity levels. The water salinity in 2005 in the coastal districts of Khulna, Bagherat and Satkhira ranged from 0.3 to 20.7, 0.4 to 27.1 and 0.7 to 24.8 dS m−1, respectively, whereby it was highly saline for several months of the year. Water salinity above 2.5 dS m−1 is not suitable for irrigation, and may cause animal health problems. Irrigation with saline water may cause ion toxicity and osmotic stress, reducing plant growth and yield. Salinity has reduced the agro-biodiversity in the coastal regions of Bangladesh, and this paper investigates how these changes have impacted human food habits in the three coastal, rural villages Putia (Satkhira district), Srifaltala (Bagerhat district) and Hogolbunia (Khulna district). Fieldwork was conducted from July to December 2006 and Participatory Rural Appraisal methods including transect walks, key informant interviews, group discussions and personal interviews were carried out. In total, 121 respondents were interviewed and historical data from 1975 to 2006 were collected. For historical data, respondents aged above 50 years were sampled, but additional criteria such as socio-economic condition and farm location were applied to assure a sample representative for the population of the coastal areas. The sampled households had characteristics similar to the major part of Bangladeshi households (rural, agrarian based, regarding family size and food habits), and were thus representative of a broader cross-section of households in Bangladesh. As all sampled villages faced increasing salinity and spread of shrimp farming, they were representative of villages in the coastal areas. When salinity increased, the production of vegetables, seasonal fruits, animal species, eggs and milk declined. As the price of the mentioned animal commodities rose, cheaper commodities such as broilers, exotic and marine fish species and exotic oils were introduced. The decision on what to cultivate was also influenced by non-residents converting the farmers' land into shrimp ponds, increasing the salinity in the surroundings and killing the farmers' ducks. These agro-biodiversity changes caused reduced frequency of consumption of beef, goat, native chicken, egg, local freshwater fish, seasonal fruits, vegetables and milk, while broilers, exotic fish, exotic oils and marine fish species were increasingly consumed. Still, the total fish consumption declined. These changed food habits may lead to considerable negative health consequences for the rural, coastal populations.
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Jahan, Ferdous, Mamun-ur-Rashid, and Sharif A. Wahab. "The Role of Fatalism in Resilience to Food Price Volatility in Bangladesh." IDS Bulletin 46, no. 6 (November 2015): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1759-5436.12187.
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Uddin, Mohammed Belal. "Customer loyalty in the fast food restaurants of Bangladesh." British Food Journal 121, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 2791–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2019-0140.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors influencing the satisfaction of customer and customer loyalty in the fast food restaurant industry. A theoretical model, including hypotheses, has been proposed in this study. Design/methodology/approach Data were assembled using convenient sampling method. The hypothesized model was verified with the data from 204 respondents. Principal component analysis and structural equation modeling approach were applied to analyze data. Findings The results (significant at p<0.01 and p<0.05) exhibited that food quality, price and service quality were positively linked to customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction was positively associated with customer loyalty. The empirical results found a contrary association between the location and environment of restaurant and customer satisfaction. Practical implications The managers and owners of fast food restaurants may use the results of this study to confirm customer satisfaction and loyalty of the customer. With loyal customer groups, their businesses can be sustained and gradually grown up. Originality/value This study will provide guidelines for the management of fast food restaurants to formulate their business strategies in the competitive market. It will give a signal to the managers to stay focused on customer relationship management as the ultimate goal of the business.
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Mannan, Mahafuz, Nusrat Chowdhury, Priodorshine Sarker, and Riasat Amir. "Modeling customer satisfaction and revisit intention in Bangladeshi dining restaurants." Journal of Modelling in Management 14, no. 4 (October 11, 2019): 922–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-12-2017-0135.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide an insight into the crucial antecedents of customer satisfaction and revisit intention in the context of dining restaurants in a holistic approach, taking Bangladesh as a unit of analysis. Design/methodology/approach The research design was cross-sectional. Data were collected from 30 dining restaurants in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The proposed model was tested using partial least square structural equation modeling with a sample size of 600 respondents. Findings The antecedents of customer satisfaction (i.e. service quality, food quality, atmospherics, other customers and perceived value/price) were found to have significant positive effects on customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction and restaurant reputation were found to have significant positive effects on revisit intention, while variety seeking tendency was found to have a significant negative effect on revisit intention. Trust was found to partially mediate the customer satisfaction-revisit intention and restaurant reputation-revisit intention relationships. Originality/value This study is among the first to provide a holistic approach toward the crucial antecedents of customer satisfaction (i.e. service quality, food quality, atmospherics, other customers and perceived value) and revisit intention (i.e. customer satisfaction, variety seeking tendency, trust and restaurant reputation) in one structural equation model, and investigated their interrelationships in the context of dining restaurants. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that has investigated the mediating role of trust between the customer satisfaction-revisit intention and restaurant reputation-revisit intention relationships in the context of dining restaurants. From a market-specific context, this the first study to investigate and link the examined variables in the context of Bangladeshi dining restaurants.
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Shely Khatun, Mosa, and Purbasha Dash. "Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction towards Restaurant Services–A Study on Northern Part of Bangladesh." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation 9, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jebi.v9i2.20625.
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The aims of the study is to explore the components influencing customer satisfaction in the restaurant services in Bangladesh. The method of the study is both quantitative and qualitative based on primary and secondary data. Primary data and secondary data of 520 participants has gathered using questionnaire survey from the consumers of various restaurants placed in Northern part of Bangladesh and the books, articles and government publications respectively. Collected data will be analyzed and interpreted by applying the SPSS software followed by the research objectives. The main findings of the study are that the standard service, delicious food, numerous item, payment of money, lengthy service, availability, pure quality, neatness, surroundings, furnishing design and decor, Staff’s behavior, look of the staff, employee’s awareness and place of the restaurants are immensely associated on pleasure of customers on restaurant services. Among them delay in serving for the food, neatness of the restaurant, supply of food, furnishing design and decor, look of the staff and place of the restaurant affect remarkably on customer satisfaction. 3.66 is the average mean value of the elements. Price occupies the bellow mean value of 2.88 and place has the top most mean value which is 4.18 which shows the satisfaction and disappointment of customers regarding foods. So, the study recommends some ways for service marketers to enhance the customer’s satisfaction by formulating adequate policy and strategy by considering the satisfaction and dissatisfaction criteria and also concludes that the study provides some tactics to take better decision of marketing.
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Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul, Dil Bahadur Rahut, and Ashok K. Mishra. "Modeling rice grain-type preferences in Bangladesh." British Food Journal 119, no. 9 (September 4, 2017): 2049–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2016-0485.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the rice consumption by rice grain types under the rising income scenario in Bangladesh. Generally, with an increase in income, households tend to consume more food items that are high-value, enriched foods and protein, such as meat and fish, by substituting for cereals. However, consumers also substitute when it comes to grain quality. For example, cereals, such as rice, are available in a range of qualities from the ordinary type (coarse-grain) to the premium type (fine grain). The authors postulate that as household incomes increase, households may consume more premium-type rice (or fine-grain rice), while overall consuming less rice or fewer carbohydrates. Design/methodology/approach Using the Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2000, 2005, and 2010, and applying multivariate probit and seemingly unrelated regression estimation procedures, this study quantifies the impact of income, household demographics, and urbanization on rice consumption by rice grain types (coarse-grain, medium-grain, and fine-grain types). Findings The results show that urban, wealthy households and, households headed by educated heads and spouses, are more likely to consume fine-grain rice than their counterparts. Originality/value After yield, grain type is the second most important factor for farmers when considering the adoption of a new variety. The price of rice and other cereals is highly associated with the grain type. This study concludes that plant breeding programs of major cereals, such as rice and wheat, should take into account the consumer grain-type preferences when developing new varieties.
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Khalid, Muhammad Waqas, Ashar Sultan Kayani, Jamal Mohammed Alotaibi, Muhammad Muddassir, Bader Alhafi Alotaibi, and Hazem Kassem. "Regional trade and food security challenges: The case of SAARC countries." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 66, No. 7 (July 21, 2020): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3/2020-agricecon.
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Higher consumption and increased import requirements for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) region can be catered through neighboring trade partners if resources are optimally utilized. The purpose of this research is to analyze the connection between regional trade of SAARC countries and the food security challenges faced by the region. The study uses data from 1990–2018 for Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh to econometrically analyze the determinants of the volume of food trade. The results show that the gross domestic product of importing or exporting countries and foreign direct investment (FDI) have positive impact on regional trade. The bilateral exchange rate between trading partners has a negative impact on the trade volume. The results also showed the absence of a long-run relationship between volume of trade and food security using Johansen’s cointegration test. Our analysis suggests that policy makers should focus on the means for creating favorable environment in Pakistan and India to not only meet the increasing global demands for food but also increasing their competitiveness for high-quality and low-quality priced products in major exports markets.
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Alam, G. M. Monirul, and Most Nilufa Khatun. "Impact of COVID-19 on vegetable supply chain and food security: Empirical evidence from Bangladesh." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): e0248120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248120.
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In Bangladesh, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have substantial effects on the livelihood of people, but smallholder vegetables growers will be even more affected because of the perishability nature of the product. The first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Bangladesh on 8th March, 2020 and consequently the country went into lockdown on 26 March, 2020. This study has made a survey of vegetables farmers through a mobile phone to understand the impact of COVID-19 on vegetables supply chain, gross margin and the future production plan of the growers. In Bangladesh, the lockdown has disrupted the food supply chain and increases the likelihood of food insecurity. Lockdown has impeded vegetable farmers’ access to markets, thus limiting their productive and sales capacities. The price of yield has dropped by more than half resulting in huge loss for vegetable growers. The loss incurred by the farmers for producing Brinjal, Cucumber, Pointed gourd, Yardlong beans and Bottle gourd are BDT 4900, BDT 10900, BDT 57400, BDT 52500 and BDT 18500 per acre respectively as a result of COVID-19. The decreased income increases farmers’ likelihood of vulnerability and food insecurity and poses a challenge to continued produce. ‘Cash support’ is more important than ‘food support’ in order to keep vegetable farmers in farming, to ensure a ready supply of necessary low-cost resources, and to help fight against the upcoming food shortage.
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Chowdhury, Afroza. "Food Habit and Dietary Intake of Garment Workers in Semi-Urban Area of Bangladesh." American International Journal of Agricultural Studies 2, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijas.v2i1.113.
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The study was conducted to assess the food habit and dietary pattern of garment workers who work at semi-urban area of Dhaka and Gazipur. Under the specific objectives the study tried to reveal the family background of garment workers, reasons of migration and involving in garment factory, monthly budgetary allocation for food, access to commodity market, rice consumption pattern, average food intake and changes in overall livelihood pattern. The result showed that,12 percent of the respondent was the only earning member of the family. Average family size of the respondents was 7 whereas number of dependent family member on his/her income was 3(on an average). Most of the respondent garment workers belong to farming community (78%). The majority (58 percent) of them were migrated for extreme poverty or insolvency. The finding ensured that cereals, notably rice, constitute the most important item of food consumed by the garment workers. Rice essentially dominated average daily food intake per person at 443 grams making up 52.37% of total food consumption. Among the respondent’s 36 percent took rice thrice a day and rice were also being consumed as snacks in different forms as well. Varietal preference of rice was found dependent on respondent’s budget constraints and per unit retail price.