Dissertations / Theses: 'Food Not Bombs (Organization)'

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Fessenden, Sarah Grace. ""We just wanna warm some bellies" : Food Not Bombs, anarchism, and recycling wasted food for protest." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61222.

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Within and against neoliberal systems Food Not Bombs serves hope. Food Not Bombs is a global anarchist-inspired (dis)organization that protests war—among other things—by giving away food for free. This dissertation is an ethnography about Food Not Bombs generally and the Vancouver chapter of Food Not Bombs in particular. It contributes to anthropologies of resistance, specifically those kinds of resistance practiced by Food Not Bombs and alter-globalization activists. Since Food Not Bombs offers a unique perspective on issues such as food-waste and hunger, I follow Food Not Bombs both in its critique of contemporary social life and in its production of alternative cultural forms. I begin by introducing the concepts direct action project and social movement (dis)organization to conceptually locate Food Not Bombs and groups like it. What is unique about direct action projects is that they explicitly weave together critique and hope; in other words, critique and hope are immanent in their direct action tactics. The manner of the critique itself (i.e. direct action) alleviates some of these harsh experiences of life under neoliberalism and, simultaneously, imagines/creates alternative cultural forms. Working with(in) global justice and alter-globalization movements, Food Not Bombs is a social movement (dis)organization, incorporating anarchistic logics and values to protest movements. Working in the interstices of capitalism, Food Not Bombs recovers wasted food, prepares it in collective kitchens using non-hierarchical organization, and serves it for free to anyone in want or need of it in public spaces. “We just wanna warm some bellies” not just in the moment but in such a way as to prefigure a world where people could freely feed themselves and help their neighbors do the same. Appadurai (2013) suggests a politics wherein we do not end with critique but with enacting a new vision for the future in the present. In this dissertation I describe Food Not Bombs as a direct action project that does the work of hope in the present by exploiting the cracks in capitalism and creatively producing new cultural forms as well as cooking up some food to share. In other words, “punk rock DIY belly feeding.”
Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate

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Farrow, David S. "Dropping bombs and bread in parallel the effects-based food drops of Operation Enduring Freedom /." CLICK HERE TO VIEW:, 2004. https://research.maxwell.af.mil/papers/ay2004/ari/Farrow.pdf.

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Parson, Sean Michael 1981. "An ungovernable force? Food Not Bombs, homeless activism and politics in San Francisco, 1988--1995." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11179.

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x, 200 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
This study examines the interaction between two anarchist support groups for the homeless, Food Not Bombs and Homes Not Jails, and the city of San Francisco between 1988 and 1995. Food Not Bombs provides free meals in public spaces and protests government and corporate policies that harm the poor and homeless. Homes Not Jails is a sister group of Food Not Bombs that opens up unused houses and government buildings to provide housing for homeless residents. During the period 1988-1995, two mayors, progressive Art Agnos (1988-1991) and conservative Frank Jordan (1992-1995), mass-arrested members of Food Not Bombs for distributing food in city parks without a permit, handing out over 1,000 arrest and citations to members of the group in that eight year period. While squatting would seem to be a graver offense than distributing free food, Homes Not Jails was treated far more leniently by city officials during the Jordan administrations. I trace the difference in treatment of the two groups to the fact that Food Not Bombs engages in anarchist direct action in public space, while Homes Not Jails does so in private residences. The public nature of Food Not Bombs made them a visible threat to order to both Agnos and Jordan and one they had to confront and stop. While both mayoral administrations persecuted Food Not Bombs, they treated the organization in different ways, which derived from different conceptions of the cause of homelessness. Agnos saw homelessness as a result of structural inequalities and economic conditions and viewed state welfare programs as the only way to address the problem. In response to Food Not Bombs he tried to incorporate them into the broader charity apparatus of the state, and when that failed he used the police to force them into "negotiated management" with the city Jordan saw homelessness as a criminal and public safety problem and wanted to use the police to clean and reclaim the city for wealthier residents and tourists. Jordan saw Food Not Bombs as a threat to public order and tried to use his police force to exclude the group from public space.
Committee in charge: Gerald Berk, Chairperson, Political Science; Joseph Lowndes, Member, Political Science; Deborah Baumgold, Member, Political Science; Michael Dreiling, Outside Member, Sociology

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Saari, Trent Adam. "Democratizing the City Through the Colonization of Public Space: A Case Study of Portland Food Not Bombs." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2393.

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The implementation of neoliberal economic and political policies is often touted as a way to increase overall individual well-being and freedom. While these policies may benefit those already wielding economic security and political power, marginalized populations often bear the negative cost associated with such policies. As deregulation and privatization increases, social safety nets and social spending are dramatically reduced. At the local level, liberalization has resulted in increased surveillance and regulation of public space. Organized resistance to global corporatization and increased economic and political marginalization has occurred across the globe. Resisting neoliberalism is complex as the adaptability of the state and capital requires an adaptive form of resistance. Portland Food Not Bombs provides an empirical example of an oppositional social movement organization that resists neoliberal logic and reclaims public space for collective use by serving free meals. This case study includes participant observation of both Portland FNB chapters conducted at chapter specific meal preparation and serving sites. It also includes ten interviews with individuals who are heavily involved with the SMO. Publicly available documents such as Facebook pages, chapter specific websites, and the FNB website provided important contextual information as well. This study finds that the organizational structure of Portland FNB lends itself to more democratic practices and ideals, coinciding with the values of the respondents. Through transparent, consensus decision-making and a resistance to formal leadership, Portland FNB facilitates a different form of political engagement. By using public space, Portland FNB temporarily alters the physical urban environment by socially constructing a more inclusive space, emphasizing that collectively using public space, is indeed a human right. Portland FNB seeks to create a more just society within the existing institutional framework, while rejecting practices associated with 501(c)(3) organizations and other mainstream SMOs.

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Moustier, Paule. "Organization in the Brazzavillian vegetable market." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321687.

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DiGiulio, Laura. "Food Policy Councils: Does Organization Type Matter." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492620713327182.

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Nomura, Ayaka. "The Hidden Contribution of Food Literacy to Food Waste Reduction." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259081.

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付記する学位プログラム名: 京都大学大学院思修館
京都大学
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(総合学術)
甲第22813号
総総博第15号
新制||総総||2(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院総合生存学館総合生存学専攻
(主査)教授池田裕一, 教授山敷庸亮, 特定講師 Hart Nadav FEUER
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Philosophy
Kyoto University
DFAM

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Smith, Leah. ""Food System Makers": Community Organization and Local Food System Development at the Rural-Urban Interface." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1253581266.

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Staples, Amy L. S. "Constructing International Identity: The World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization, 1945-1965." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1393196164.

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Nicholas, Jason J. "An investigation into the limitations and barriers to growth encountered by food shelves in southeastern Minnesota and La Crosse County, Wisconsin." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008nicholasj.pdf.

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Lansing, Stephanie Lipe. "Nutrient removal and indicators of self-organization in an ecological treatment system (ETS) for dairy wastewater." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1413372346.

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Enloe, James Gordon. "Subsistence organization in the Upper Paleolithic : carcass refitting and food sharing at Pincevent /." Ann Arbor (Mich.) : UMI dissertation services, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39090469j.

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Hutchinson, Joe Carruth. "An examination of individual level effects of downsizing in a foodservice organization." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40055.

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This research examined the effect of downsizing on the stress-related perceptions and work-related attitudes and behaviors of employees of a school food service organization. A major purpose of this study was to investigate individual level responses according to the severity of the downsizing. The research also examined the relationships between employees' stress-related perceptions and their work-related attitudes and behaviors, and the moderating effect of demographic factors on these relationships. Data for this research was collected from 527 cafeteria employees from 87 campuses of the focal organization. The results indicated that downsizing severity, expressed as the percentage of school cafeteria labor hour reductions during the past year, had little impact on employees' subjective interpretations or their attitudinal and behavioral responses. There was also a significant and positive relationship between downsizing severity and the campus-level productivity, as measured by the increase in meals served per labor hour. The results indicated no significant relationships between perceived job insecurity and employee attitudinal and behavioral reactions. However, significant and positive relationships were reported between employee role stress, as measured through role conflict and role ambiguity, and their work-related attitudes and behaviors. The correlations between perceived job insecurity and selected demographic variables were found to be either insignificant or contrary to predictions.
Ph. D.

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Kroeger, Trudy J. M. "Proposal to revise training program on harassment awareness at a mid-sized food processing organization." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998kroegert.pdf.

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RUTIGLIANO, MARIACINZIA. "Study of Protein Aggregation Machinery in Processed Food Products: New Details for a Supramolecular Organization." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Foggia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/382359.

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Landis, Rebecca Danielle. "Community Food Work as Critical Practice: A Faith-based Perspective." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56581.

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Historically, many faith-based hunger relief efforts address food insecurity through the emergency food system, but they often do not challenge the systemic causes of the need, which according to some, are poverty and inequality. As a promising alternative, community food work is a radical approach to food system change that imbues values of justice, sustainability, and equity into the food system to reduce the pervasiveness of poverty and inequality in society. I used narrative inquiry as methodology in a faith-based context to explore the role of criticality in community food work. Additionally, I explored the treatment of hegemony in these practitioners' critically reflective practice. I engaged six practitioners in narrative-based interviews and subsequently asked them to read and analyze their own interview. I then gathered all participants for a collective reflection session where we reflected on excerpts from the interviews and used them as a foundation for further dialogue and reflection. Each practitioner used their faith to varying degrees in the performance of their work. I found significant notions of feeling called to serve, and bringing God's kingdom to earth, but an avoidance to use this work to evangelize. The narratives reflected community food work as a community development effort and extended beyond the context of food. Affirming, trusting relationships serve as a foundation to how this group of practitioners approach their work, and provide the space to interact with their work in radical ways and raise critical consciousness.
Master of Science in Life Sciences

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Carruth, Allison. "Global appetites : literary form and food politics from world war I to the world trade organization /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Vincent, Sarah Katherine. "Food and Choice in Non-Profit Organizations: Building Communication between Serve City and the Hamilton Hispanic/Latino Communities." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1114807342.

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Russell, Diane. "Food supply and the state: the history and social organization of the rice trade in Kisangani, Zaire." Thesis, Boston University, 1991. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/41553.

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In Kisangani, as in other parts of Africa subject to political parasitism and economic chaos, people have had to draw on many channels of access to resources in order to survive. This pattern of shifting strategies militates against sustained investment in food supply and thus is a major factor in the food crisis in Africa. Thirteen months of fieldwork in the city of Kisangani and the surrounding subregion of Tshopo revealed how constantly changing regulations, inflation and poor infrastructure forced merchants and farmers into diversification and made long-term investment in rice production and trade risky. Uncertainty in the supply of basic resources such as credit, seeds, fuel, spare parts and produce sacks was linked to the draining of foreign exchange and development funds toward the nonproductive activities of the political élite. Controls on agricultural production such as the forced cultivation of rice led to suppression of African farmers' initiative. Trade in rice was in the hands of expatriate monopsonies until the 1970s, but the indigenization of expatriate businesses and plantations (zairianization) only served to isolate further the rural areas devastated by the Simba rebellion of the mid-1960s. In addition, zairianization fostered parasitism and discouraged investment. In the 1980s, farmers were blocked from organizing their own markets and cooperatives and farm labor was relegated telwomen. Large traders agreed to maintain controls on trade which perpetuated the bureaucracy in order to keep ahead of the mass of mobile small traders. Government programs, and approaches such as privatization and liberalization, initiated by Zaire's external investors, did not change the terms of access to resources within the Zairian economy and, thus, agricultural productivity did not increase. These findings support the theory that multiple survival strategies generated by economic chaos and circumvention of and collaboration with the state lead to declining agricultural productivity. This view has implications for agricultural development policy.

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Conley, Paul A. "The myth of "the bottom line" in war, home, food, healthcare, and relationships." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3681276.

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Human beings have engaged in trade, conducted war, created shelter, obtained food, practiced healing, and lived in community throughout the millennia. Historically, religion served as the overarching container used to create meaning within these human activities. In contemporary culture, the myth of "the bottom line" which is the Market economy has become the overarching container for a culture continually seeking to monetize human activity and create meaning through narratives of profitability.

Archetypal psychology employs polytheistic metaphors to describe the multiple autonomous forces or archetypes that exist within the human imagination. The work of archetypal psychologists and depth psychology authors including James Hillman, Ginette Paris, Michael Vannoy Adams, Karl Kerényi, Charles Boer, and Thomas Moore form the foundation for an archetypal analysis of the myth of "the bottom line." James Hillman calls for attention to the narratives of business and names the myth of "the bottom line," in Kinds of Power , "The drama of business, its struggles, challenges, victories and defeats, form the fundamental myth of our civilization, the story that explains the underlying bottom line of the ceremonies of our behavior" (1).

This dissertation is an exploration of the way the myth of "the bottom line" and the Market economy affect human experience of the archetype of War in the form of outsourcing of military functions; the archetype of Home in relationship to the commercial entity of a house and the recent market bubble; the archetype of Food in the form of agribusiness, patented seed stock, and processed food; the archetype of Healing in the form of industrialized health care; the archetype of Relationships within social media and technology. This analysis is achieved through an archetypal interpretation of authors who critique the forces of the Market on each of the respective archetypes. In addition, there is archetypal analysis of the voices of the businesses involved in these territories by "reading through" their annual reports and web sites.

Keywords: archetypal psychology, Hillman, Hermes, market, war, home, food, health care industry, social media, technology.

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Ivancic, Sonia R. "Connecting People and Places to Foster Food Justice: A Poststructural Feminist and Aesthetic Account of a Social Benefit Organization." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1531922893596218.

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Perkins, Skyler Knox. "Becoming Eco-Logical With Second-Order Systems Theory: Sustainability In Re-Organization Of Economies And Food Systems." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/869.

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Ecological Economics has emerged across disciplines, and has begun to disentangle, not only the relationship between biophysical earth systems and economic activity, but also, fundamental relationships between objectivity, power, value, ethics, perspective and purpose. In part, this thesis represents an effort to illustrate basic transdisciplinary concepts necessary for understanding the project of Ecological Economics. At present, Ecological Economics is challenged by a seemingly infinite number of available considerations, with a relatively narrow repertoire of impactful mechanisms of control. Given this, it is apparent that the application of Cybernetics to Ecological Economics might provide insights. Cybernetics can help to lend concise language to manners for implementing control and also help to navigate the paradoxes which arise for self- regulating systems. While Cybernetics played an early role in the formulation of the relationship between the economy and an environment with available energy, second- order cybernetics can help to formulate the autonomy of Ecological Economics as a self-regulating system and shed light on the epistemology and ethics of circularity. The first article of this thesis identifies occasions when Ecological Economics has confronted circularity, and explores options moving forward. Ultimately, confronting paradox and circularity provide the means for the substantiation of Ecological Economics. The food system is prominent within Ecological Economics discourse. It serves as a good example of the ‘emergence’ of coordinated activity. In Cybernetics jargon, we can think of the ‘Food System’ as a symbol for the redundancy found in linked characteristics of particular Ecological-Economic inquiry. For instance, when we consider the food system we can be sure that we are dealing with resources that are essential, both rival and non-rival, excludable and non-excludable, and also highly sensitive to boundaries in scope, and scale, and thus highly sensitive to political and social change. In this sense, the food system acts as a symbol for the coordination of activity, and produces an output which is an input to the Ecological Economic ‘boundary’ between the Economy and the Ecosystem. The second article of this thesis provides an analysis of GHG emissions within the Chittenden County Foodshed. We conclude that urban agriculture, dietary change and agro-ecological production in concert, provide emission reductions which are not achieved when these options are considered separately. Given these conditions, we see mitigation beyond 90% of current emissions.

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Banik, Milon Marc. "Performance effects of strategic groups and task environments in food manufacturing industries : augmenting the Bain-Mason paradigm." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56672.

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The concentration-profits relationship of the Bain-Mason paradigm is tested and an alternative "augmented model" is proposed which includes dimensions of task environments of food industries and industry strategy variables. The environment is characterized in terms of Dess and Beard's (1984) dimensions: munificence, dynamism and complexity.
The augmented model was found to be a better descriptor of factors affecting the performance of the food industries than the Bain-Mason model. Profitability was found to be positively related to industrial concentration, and negatively related to munificence and complexity. No significant relationship between dynamism and profitability was found.
Further studies on the performance of the food manufacturing industries should include the use of strategic group typologies based on strategic behaviour specific to the food industries. It is also recommended that investigations of industry environments be conducted using multivariate measures of munificence, dynamism and complexity.

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Ichimi, Godwin S. "The World Trade Organisation and food insecurity in the south : prospects for the ECOWAS sub-region." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=196159.

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This thesis focuses on the topic ‘The World Trade Organisation and Food Insecurity in the South: Prospects for the ECOWAS sub-region'. It is cast against the background of the prevailing global food crisis which is generally accepted as having assumed monumental dimensions in sub-Saharan Africa where a total of over 150 million people are said to be under the direct threat of hunger and starvation. The study appraises the mainstream understanding of the root causes of the on-going food crisis, the policies prescribed for their resolution as well as the efficacy of the neo-liberal multilateral institutional frameworks from within which these are currently being deployed. The global and regional multilateral institutions of reference here are the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) respectively. The study contends that the hegemonic narrative is severely limited; that the perspective which drives it suffers from some highly virulent blind-spots on the critical questions of history and the structural notions of power – notions which go to the very heart of the contemporary structuring of the global food system, and which, in the case of West Africa, is assuring the privileged access of some classes to food and food-producing resources whilst excluding the bulk of the class of the majority. Consequently, from a macro-historical qualitative perspective, the study develops and deploys an alternative conceptual framework from within which it appraises the regional agricultural and related trade policies of the member states of the ECOWAS which were developed in response to the neoliberal regimes of the WTO. With the reality of third world structural dependency as a point of departure, and situating this within the theoretical framework of Robert W. Cox and the tenets of Dependency theory, the study poses the question of whether and/or how, in the specific instance of West Africa, the framing of the region’s food and agricultural policies, couched as they have been in conformity to the broader context of the regimes of the WTO, has resulted in the aggravation of insecurity in food production and consumption. Pursuant to investigating this question, the study finds that as adherence by the member states of the ECOWAS to the rules of the WTO Agreements in particular and the dictates of neoliberal economic agenda in general intensifies, regional food and agricultural development strategies of the region have invariably proven incapable of overcoming the logic of structural capitalist dependency. Rather, as the ECOWAP achieves coincidence with the regimes of the WTO, those exact material conditions that stymie the prospects for structural transformation of the agrarian economy in the West African sub-region are being reinforced. The exacerbation of the associated problems of agricultural productivity decline, as well as the concomitant loss of household and national incomes is effectively putting even the food that is available both in the local and international markets well beyond the reach of the bulk of the poverty stricken majority of the people of Western Africa.

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Parsa, Haragopal. "Exploratory investigation of organization power, and its impact on strategy implementation and firm performance : a study of the hospitality franchise systems /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-164617/.

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Gräwer, Johannes Sebastian [Verfasser], Eleni [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Katifori, and Florentin [Gutachter] Wörgötter. "Food Distribution in Ant Colonies: Trophallaxis and Self-Organization / Johannes Sebastian Gräwer ; Gutachter: Eleni Katifori, Florentin Wörgötter ; Betreuer: Eleni Katifori." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139892347/34.

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Ait, Hou Mohamed <1978&gt. "Export Supply Chain Organization and Food Safety and Quality Standards: a case study of the Moroccan Fruit and Vegetable Sector." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5918/1/AIT_HOU_MOHAMED_tesi.pdf.

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Agri-food supply chains extend beyond national boundaries, partially facilitated by a policy environment that encourages more liberal international trade. Rising concentration within the downstream sector has driven a shift towards “buyer-driven” global value chains (GVCs) extending internationally with global sourcing and the emergence of multinational key economic players that compete with increase emphasis on product quality attributes. Agri-food systems are thus increasingly governed by a range of inter-related public and private standards, both of which are becoming a priori mandatory, especially in supply chains for high-value and quality-differentiated agri-food products and tend to strongly affect upstream agricultural practices, firms’ internal organization and strategic behaviour and to shape the food chain organization. Notably, increasing attention has been given to the impact of SPS measures on agri-food trade and notably on developing countries’ export performance. Food and agricultural trade is the vital link in the mutual dependency of the global trade system and developing countries. Hence, developing countries derive a substantial portion of their income from food and agricultural trade. In Morocco, fruit and vegetable (especially fresh) are the primary agricultural export. Because of the labor intensity, this sector (especially citrus and tomato) is particularly important in terms of income and employment generation, especially for the female laborers hired in the farms and packing houses. Hence, the emergence of agricultural and agrifood product safety issues and the subsequent tightening of market requirements have challenged mutual gains due to the lack of technical and financial capacities of most developing countries.

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Ait, Hou Mohamed <1978&gt. "Export Supply Chain Organization and Food Safety and Quality Standards: a case study of the Moroccan Fruit and Vegetable Sector." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5918/.

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Agri-food supply chains extend beyond national boundaries, partially facilitated by a policy environment that encourages more liberal international trade. Rising concentration within the downstream sector has driven a shift towards “buyer-driven” global value chains (GVCs) extending internationally with global sourcing and the emergence of multinational key economic players that compete with increase emphasis on product quality attributes. Agri-food systems are thus increasingly governed by a range of inter-related public and private standards, both of which are becoming a priori mandatory, especially in supply chains for high-value and quality-differentiated agri-food products and tend to strongly affect upstream agricultural practices, firms’ internal organization and strategic behaviour and to shape the food chain organization. Notably, increasing attention has been given to the impact of SPS measures on agri-food trade and notably on developing countries’ export performance. Food and agricultural trade is the vital link in the mutual dependency of the global trade system and developing countries. Hence, developing countries derive a substantial portion of their income from food and agricultural trade. In Morocco, fruit and vegetable (especially fresh) are the primary agricultural export. Because of the labor intensity, this sector (especially citrus and tomato) is particularly important in terms of income and employment generation, especially for the female laborers hired in the farms and packing houses. Hence, the emergence of agricultural and agrifood product safety issues and the subsequent tightening of market requirements have challenged mutual gains due to the lack of technical and financial capacities of most developing countries.

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Chikura, Cynthia Chipo. "On reconciling rules, markets and power : responding to private voluntary standards through safeguarding the rule of law in international food trade." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26587.

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The proliferation of private voluntary standards (private standards) in international food trade has precipitated a surge of inter-disciplinary discourse on the topic. Conceptual premises have been diverse, but a common thread through the discourse has been their practical impact on developing-country producers (particularly small to medium scale ones). The present paper contributes to legal analyses of private standards. It builds upon existing discourse on rules-based responses to private standards, from the conceptual premise of the rule of law. The perspective of the paper is that private standards are creating conditions wherein the rule of law in international food trade is being placed under strain. With that, the utility of the rules-based system of international food governance has begun to diminish. The viewpoint in this paper is that, from the perspective of the WTO, responses to private standards should be underlain by considerations of safeguarding the rule of law. Underscoring this is that a rule of law approach is the most ideal, in the long-term, for the WTO system and for low income Members themselves. The paper concludes that this will entail a necessarily multipronged strategy towards the challenges presented by private standards – one which incorporates rules-based responses, other interventions from within the WTO, and responses from outside of the WTO.
Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Centre for Human Rights
unrestricted

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30

Seemann, Gisela. "Power Relations in the Discourse of Food and Agriculture : A critical discourse analysis of how the World Trade Organization and La Via Campesina write about the issue of food and agriculture." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-313990.

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Shirai, Tomoko. "The WTO and the mandatory labeling of generically modified foods /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81235.

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The manipulation of nature using modern biotechnology has resulted in the creation of Genetically Modified (GM) foods. There are states already enacting laws requiring the mandatory labeling of GM foods so that consumers can make informed choices as to what food to eat. However, on the flip side, the mandatory labeling of GM foods can also constitute non-tariff barriers as it can impose burdens on states that export GM foods. How should these two interests be balanced? This thesis takes the ambitious challenge of exploring whether the mandatory labeling of GM foods enacted under the government's protection of the consumers' right to information regarding what food to consume is consistent with the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework, particularly the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (MT Agreement). This thesis holds the view that the WTO, an international organization established to promote trade liberalization, can incorporate protection of consumers' interests by including it within to the interpretation of "legitimate objective" contained in Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement. Rather, the heart of problem lies in the threshold setting of exempting mandatory labeling. In particular, the dispersed threshold should be adjusted hi order to solve this issue, this thesis contends that both the TBT Committee and the dispute settlement system should be utilized.

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Speight, Michell. "Why People Work as Hard as They Do| The Role of Work Ethic as a Legitimizing Myth in the Work Lives of New York City's Fast Food Workers." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10638062.

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Intimately interwoven in American culture is the unquestioned notion of paid labor as a personally gratifying moral and civic responsibility. Yet, of the 46 million Americans living in poverty in 2010, 23% held jobs (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). The U.S. fast food industry employs 4 million workers (Statista, 2014) and “pays the minimum wage to a higher portion of its workers than any other American industry” (Schlosser, 2001).

The research methodology for this study was critical ethnography, which explores a cultural phenomenon and attempts to provoke social change by giving voice to marginalized communities (Thomas, 1993). A New York City–based nonprofit organization working to organize fast food workers was the field site for the study. The mining of empirical material involved multiple qualitative research methods, including observation, document and artifact analysis, and interviews with 25 fast food workers who participated at one or more strikes. This study addressed a single research question: What role does work ethic as a legitimizing myth play in the work lives of New York City fast food workers who live and work in New York City and who have participated in work actions or demonstrations? Sidanius (1999) defined legitimizing myths—an element of his social dominance theory—as “values, attitudes, beliefs, causal attributions, and ideologies providing moral and intellectual justifications for social practices that either increase, maintain, or decrease levels of social inequality among social groups” (p. 104).

The study found that the role of work ethic as a hierarchy-enhancing legitimizing myth appeared to depend upon what the individual was fighting to achieve when she or he joined the Fight for $15, i.e., emancipation, reciprocity, worker solidarity, or personal development. Stigma and stigmatization appeared to act as a mechanism to maintain group-based social hierarchy and thereby reinforce the legitimization of the work ethic myth. In addition, the research participants had low expectations of escaping poverty in the future and experienced anxiety about the temporal nature of a future positive financial situation, further legitimizing the work ethic narrative. Recommendations based on these findings are offered for theory and research, and policy and practice.

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Downes, Chris. "Much ado about nothing? Reassessing the impact of the World Trade Organization agreement on sanitary and phytosanitary measures on domestic food regulations." Thesis, University of Kent, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594235.

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Legal commentary on the World Trade Organization Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) commonly portrays the regime as a constraint on, and threat to, domestic policy-making. EU adminlstrators, by contrast, generally consider international legal obligations peripheral to their work. This thesis seeks to understand these differing perceptims and ascertain the real influence of the Agreement on domestic food regulations. Part I reviews the legal literature, to better understand the assumptions underlying the prevailing characterisation of the SPS regime. It identifies a dominant paradigm fur analysing the Agreement, one fixated on jurisprudence, predominantly interested in the Agreement's significance for state sovereignty, and informed by the belief that law directly regulates state behaviour. Comrrentators' expectation of constraint flow from this analytical approach, but generally lack empirical foundation. With reference to EU fuod policy, Part II reassesses assumptions about the Agreement. It challenges the prominent criticism that the Agreement inspires regulations based on science and neglecting other vahJ!s, demonstrating that EU SPS measures remain responsive to social values in policy areas vulnerable to WTO challenge.

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Wimby, Max. "How does the perception of food waste and its root causes differ on different levels within a grocery retail organization? : A case study." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277040.

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This thesis revolves around the root causes to food waste and how they are perceived, interpreted and viewed upon on two different levels within a major grocery retail organization. A case study has been performed at Organization X which is a major actor on the Swedish grocery retail market. Experts within areas related to food waste at the parent company has been interviewed together with employees in the stores. Their answers have then been analyzed and compared. The purpose is to investigate if any dissents exists regarding food waste between these two levels of the organization and if so, address them and put them in context to the literature. A reduction in food waste will have economic, social and environmental benefits. Yet, research about food waste in the retail stage of the value chain is lacking. The result from the study concludes three areas related to food waste where it exists dissent today between the stores, parent company and the theory. These areas are customer behavior, width and depth of assortment and on-shelves availability.
Detta examensarbete handlar om rotorsakerna till matsvinn och hur dom uppfattas och återspeglas på två olika nivåer inom en stor dagligvaruhandelsorganisation. En fallstudie har gjorts på Organisation X som är en stor aktör på den svenska dagligvarumarknaden. Experter inom områden relaterade till matsvinn har intervjuats tillsammans med butiksanställda. Deras resultat har sedan analyserats och jämförts. Syftet är att undersöka om några meningsskiljaktigheter finns angående matsvinn mellan dessa två nivåer i organisationen och om så är fallet belysa och sätta dem i kontext till litteraturen. En minskning av matsvinn kommer ha både ekonomiska, sociala och ekologiska fördelar. Trotts detta är forskningen på matsvinn inom försäljningssteget i värdekedjan bristfällig. Resultatet från denna studie drar slutsatsen att det finns tre områden där det finns meningsskiljaktigheter mellan butikerna, moderbolaget och teorin idag. Dessa områden är kundbeteende, bredd och djup av sortiment samt uppfyllnadsgrad i hyllorna.

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Miyaji, Atsuko. "Transition of economic basis and social organization in the Jomon period with respect to environmental archaeology - Viewpoints from plant food exploitation and storage." Kyoto University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148925.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(人間・環境学)
甲第10288号
人博第175号
14||139(吉田南総合図書館)
新制||人||43(附属図書館)
UT51-2003-H709
京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科文化・地域環境学専攻
(主査)教授光谷拓実, 教授福井勝義, 助教授松井章, 教授小林達雄
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Ruxin, Joshua Nalibow. "Hunger, science, and politics FAO, WHO, and Unicef nutrition policies, 1945-1978 /." Thesis, Online version, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.288630.

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Phakathi, S’busiso. "The impact of agricultural subsidies on the policy of agricultural exports in South Africa within the context of WTO jurisprudence." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5123.

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Magister Legum - LLM
The aim of the research is to establish how trade distorting agricultural subsidies have impacted South Africa’s agricultural exports. The research will explore trade distorting subsidies and how South Africa’s trade liberalisation approach relative to its trading partners have impacted South Africa’s trade output, as well as suggesting effective policy recommendations for South Africa’s agricultural trade going forward.

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Field, Evelyn F., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Sex differences in movement organization II : the organization of sex differences in movement during food protection, contact righting, skilled reaching and vertical exploration in the rat : the role of gonadal steroids, body morphology, and the central nervous system." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/14.

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Whether there are sex differences in the kinematic organization of non-reproductive behaviors is rarely addressed. In this thesis, evidence is presented that male and female rats organize their posture and stepping differently during a food protection task, contact righting, skilled reaching, and vertical rearing. Neonatal gonadal steroid exposure can alter sex-typical patterns of movement organization. Whether these differences are due to sex differences in body morphology or central nervous system (CNS) was also addressed using gravid females and tfm males. The results reveal that sex differences in movement are CNS based. Furthermore, the expression and choice of sex-typical patterns of movement can be altered by CNS injury. Finally, evidence is presented that sex differences in movement organization are also present in marsupials and insects. The implications of these results for our understanding of the evolution of sex differences in CNS anatomy and behavior will be discussed.
xvi, 249 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.

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Jimenez, Roxanne. "Effectiveness of Nonprofits on Factors That Influence the Social Aspects of Well-Being in Food Deserts." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1620146299409908.

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Zinschlag, Bryan James. "Cultivating Common Ground? A Case Study of a Community Garden Organization in Northeast Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1828.

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When it comes to the topic of environmental sustainability, most of us will readily agree that we face a litany of local and global environmental threats in the twenty-first century. As such, we would largely agree that the need to address climate change and other issues is urgent. Where this agreement tends to end, however, is on the question of whether this urgency is so great that we need not address issues of inequality and environmental justice when organizing sustainability efforts. Some are convinced that, because sustainability efforts are "saving the world for everyone", so to speak, issues of environmental justice are secondary at best. On the other hand, "just sustainability" advocates argue that no such effort is truly sustainable unless it considers winners and losers from the onset. I will argue the latter and demonstrate the potential consequences of a sustainability effort that has failed thus far at engaging those who might benefit most from involvement. This study is an exploration of the City Soil Network (CSN), a community garden organization comprised of seventeen garden sites throughout Portland, Oregon. Thirteen of these sites are in Northeast Portland, an area with a history of racial and ethnic discrimination and both inequalities and boundaries that prevail across the same lines today. A significant number of these residents are food insecure or at risk of becoming food insecure. Furthermore, recent gentrification in Northeast Portland has disproportionately displaced African Americans and members of other historically marginalized communities. As such, these groups tend to view recent neighborhood changes as a new variation on a decades old theme of injustice. Previous research suggests that community gardens can play a role in addressing all of these problems to some degree. However, this body of research has yet to explicitly analyze the relationship between local historical context, gentrification, the conflicting rhetorics of environmental sustainability and environmental justice and outcomes for community garden organizations. This case study includes content analysis of organizational publications, participant observation from four of the CSN's garden sites in Northeast Portland. It also includes interviews with eleven members of the CSN, representing all three levels of involvement with the organization, and six interviews with representatives of community organizations that serve Northeast Portland in some capacity. This study finds that the CSN largely consists of members of a preexisting community of sustainable agriculture enthusiasts. As such, those involved tend not to live near their garden site(s) and are distinct in a number of ways from the diverse neighborhoods that surround many of the CSN's garden sites. The organization has made very few neighborhood-level outreach efforts thus far, and those that have been made have largely been unsuccessful. Understandings expressed by both groups of interviewees help to explain why this has been the case. They also compel me to introduce the potentially adverse impact of gentrification on understandings of neighborhood socioeconomic conditions into the just sustainability debate; we need to consider that unjust sustainability can be the result of not only a lack of concern for inequality, but also a simple lack of awareness of it. Interviewees also provide suggestions for how the CSN or other community garden organizations might be more successful in appealing to marginalized communities.

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Neumann, Peter. "United Nations procurement regime : description and evaluation of the legal framework in the light of international standards and of findings of an inquiry into procurement for the Iraq oil for food programme /." Frankfurt, M. ; Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien : Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990602338/04.

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Arvidsson, Lars. "Från mål till måltid : Implementeringen av det politiska målet om 25 procent ekologisk mat i offentlig sektor år 2010– en fallstudie kring skolmaten i Växjö." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-152163.

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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the implementation of a political aim – formulatedfrom a context of sustainable development. In 2006 both the Swedish national Parliament andthe municipality of Växjö (among others) stated that 25% of publically served food wouldstem from organic production by the end of 2010. The thesis investigates the outcome of theimplementation of this policy in a local perspective - looking at one part of the public sectorby focusing on four differently organized schools within Växjö municipality. School food in Sweden has a specific institutional setting. It holds the almost unique statusas a non-charged, legal right to all pupils in the compulsory school system. School food as apublic good is affected by the EU legislation of public procurement. The thesis studies theoverall institutional framework (i.e. legislation and regulations) fundamental to school food.With the institutional framework in mind the thesis also describes different organizationalactivities connected to school food. Thus the thesis involves four geographical levels: Theregional (EU), the national, the local and the individual level. The latter is defined in theorganized context from a number of individual professionals. Some of these individuals arefurther considered as so called street level bureaucrats – officials sandwiched between superiorsand their clients. The thesis builds a conceptual framework based on institutional, organizational and streetlevel theory together with policy analysis. Methodologically the thesis is formed around andcarried out as a local case study through a number of semi-structured qualitative interviews.The empirical and analytical part of the thesis is further structured around the three theoreticalconcepts. From the thesis´ purpose three guiding questions were outlined. The main implications of the thesis are that a number of factors were found to be involvedin the policy implementation. The most significant factors for the policy implementation arefirstly the formulation of the political goal, and secondly the individual professionals actuallybuying the food for the schools. As long as the policy of the school food is non-forcing (i.e. anaverage aim of the public sector, and not included in the legislation) the final outcome of thefood depends on the decisions made by the buyer. There is disagreement of the policy intention and of whether organic food is more sustainablethan other food. Thus I end the thesis by suggesting a change of concepts if the politicalaim is to reach sustainability. I encourage a system to control the food´s total ecological footprint.This would be achieved by formulating the policy around a suggested level of the ecologicalfootprint. The level would be calculated and set where experts say it´s in accordancewith sustainable development. From this the street level bureaucrats can sum up the componentsof the lunch they buy and serve. No matter if the individual product is labeled organic,local, conventional, or… This would – according to me – improve the chances for Växjö actually to live up to itslogo: the greenest city in Europe. At least this idea could awake a debate.
Opposition kl. 13.15

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Field, Evelyn F., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Sex differences in movement organization : a kinematic analysis of evasive dodging movements used during food protection in the rat : influence of partner's sex, neonatal and pubertal exposure to androgens." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 1996, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/43.

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The role of sex in the organization of movement is not commonly addressed in the literature. The objective of this thesis was to determine whether differences exist between males and females in the way they organize their movements during dodging to protect a food item. Detailed kinematic analysis of these movements in adult rats shows that females move their snout through a greater spatial curvature, relative to the pelvis, than males. The sex of the robbing animal did not alter the sex-typical movement paterns exhibited. Manipulation of neonatal androgens altered the sex-typical dodge patterns of both males and females. Removal of androgens at weaning however, did not affect the male-typical pattern. The existence of sex differences in the organization of movement provides a new level of analysis for the study of sexual dimorphism in behavior.
x, 228 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.

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Houston, Elizabeth Margaret. "A critical investigation of the Primary Schools Nutrition Programme (PSNP) in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002993.

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The thesis focuses on the Primary School Nutrition Programme (PSNP), particularly in the Eastern Cape, as a government nutrition and education project, and its failure to achieve its stated goals. The programme experienced problems almost as soon as it was introduced. The press reported incidents of fraud and maladministration and the programme was halted and restarted numerous times. The thesis seeks to offer some insight as to why the government was unable to reach its stated objectives in the implementation phase of the programme. State theory informs the thesis in an attempt to further explain why governments often seem unable to attain their intended goals. The thesis provides an alternative to government development programmes, arguing that NGOs are better equipped to deal with the particular problems that people on the ground experience when dealing with issues like nutritional vulnerability. Operation Hunger provides an excellent case study for how development of this nature ought to occur. The essential argument of the thesis is that there is an inherent tension between what a government's stated intentions is and what, it, in reality, intends to gain from such programmes. It is the contention of this thesis that the Government of National Unity embarked on the PSNP, not to ensure nutritional development for its own sake, but rather to curry favour with its constituents. Operation Hunger, and other organisations like it, provide relief to vulnerable communities with no hidden agenda in mind. Their mandate is solely that they provide assistance. The thesis argues, then, that NGOs have a role in domestic and international politics, that they can make up for or do better, or at least well, things that governments struggle to do.

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Lichtenberg, Alex Leon. "A Historical Review of Five of the Top Fast Food Restaurant Chains to Determine the Secrets of Their Success." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/361.

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The primary goal of this paper is to critically examine five of the top nine US fast food chains to look at their history and to determine what factors have lead to their massive success. The companies that will be analyzed include: McDonald's, Taco Bell, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Domino's Pizza, and Subway. Similarities and differences of these companies are compared and contrasted throughout the paper and clearly demonstrate how each company has managed to capture and maintain major market share in their respective food categories. Areas that are examined range from product quality to to business models to consumer psychology. A review of these companies reveals that there are specific success factors for each, and one overarching factor for all. Specific factors include, but are not limited to marketing technique, organizational structure and overall business concept. The one factor that seems critical to all is entering the market with an innovative and unique concept.

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Silva, Erinaldo Barbosa da. "A cadeia produtiva da agricultura familiar do munic?pio de Couto de Magalh?es de Minas - Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha." UFVJM, 2015. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1046.

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Na regi?o do Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha s?o poucos os estudos voltados para a cadeia produtiva da agricultura familiar. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi o de descrever a cadeia produtiva da agricultura familiar do munic?pio de Couto Magalh?es de Minas a partir da identifica??o e relatos dos agricultores familiares, suas associa??es e parceiros institucionais. Tendo como objetivos espec?ficos identificar as etapas da cadeia produtiva da agricultura familiar, conhecer a import?ncia das organiza??es de agricultores familiares para o processo de comercializa??o de alimentos e diagnosticar os entraves t?cnicos e gerenciais das organiza??es de agricultores familiares. Para coleta de dados junto aos sujeitos de pesquisa foram utilizados question?rios semiestruturados. Participaram da pesquisa 13 agricultores familiares, quatro representantes das organiza??es de agricultores e quatro representantes das institui??es parceiras. A cadeia produtiva da agricultura familiar de Couto de Magalh?es de Minas segue um caminho simples e curto com seus produtos destinados principalmente ao mercado local. A maioria dos agricultores familiares entrevistados considerou que os assuntos tratados nas reuni?es de suas associa??es eram tanto de interesse da diretoria, quanto seus e que os benef?cios advindos da participa??o nas suas associa??es estavam relacionados: ao acesso aos implementos agr?colas, a obten??o de cr?dito rural e maior inser??o no mercado. Por outro lado, os parceiros institucionais destacaram que a import?ncia das associa??es eram relativas ? participa??o no Conselho Municipal de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustent?vel e pela sua representatividade junto ao poder p?blico. Os principais entraves apontados pelos agricultores familiares na cadeia produtiva foram: a aus?ncia de Assist?ncia e Extens?o Rural regular e constante, a falta do recurso h?drico, a falta de mat?ria-prima, a falta de transporte adequado dos produtos, a aus?ncia de divulga??o dos seus produtos e falta de selo de certifica??o sanit?rio. Evidenciou-se que as associa??es de agricultores familiares eram importantes atores sociais para a cadeia produtiva da agricultura familiar do munic?pio. Contudo, faz-se necess?rio que sejam criados mecanismos para que as associa??es sigam o proposto pelo Plano Nacional de Economia Solid?ria. Como proposta para o fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva do munic?pio, sugere-se a implanta??o de uma central de associa??es que aglutine e articule projetos e programas de interesse comum de todas.
Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015.
In the High Jequitinhonha Valley county few studies on the family agriculture production chain are found. The overall goal of this study was to describe the productive chain of family farming in the town of Couto Magalh?es de Minas, drawing from the identification and reports of family farmers, their organizations and institutional partners. More specifically, it aimed to identify the stages in the family farming production chain, learn about the importance of family farmers? organizations for the process of food marketing, and diagnose technical and managerial barriers in these organizations. To collect data, semi-structured questionnaires were used. Subjects included 13 family farmers, four representatives of farmers? organizations and four representatives of partner institutions. The productive chain of family farming in Couto de Magalh?es de Minas follows a short and simple path, with its products primarily intended for the local market. Most family farmers interviewed considered that the issues addressed in their associations? meetings were of interest to the management board as well as to themselves, and that the benefits resulting from participation in their associations related to: access to farm implements, rural credit achievement and greater market insertion. On the other hand, the institutional partners highlighted that the relevance of the associations was subject to their participation in the Municipal Council for Sustainable Rural Development and to its representativeness before the government. The main obstacles mentioned by the subjects about the production chain were: lack of regular and constant assistance and Rural Extension, lack of water resources, lack of raw material, lack of adequate transport of the products, lack of marketing of their products and lack of a sanitary certification seal. It became evident that the family farmers? associations were important social actors for the productive chain of family agriculture in the town. However, it is necessary that mechanisms be created so that they follow what has been proposed by the National Solidarity Economy Plan. As a proposal for the strengthening of the town?s productive chain, it is suggested the implementation of an associations headquarters that clusters and articulates projects and programs of common interest to all.

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47

Dimc, Nathalie. "Pits, Pots and Prehistoric Fats : A Lipid Food Residue Analysis of Pottery from the Funnel Beaker Culture at Stensborg, and the Pitted Ware Culture from Korsnäs." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Arkeologiska forskningslaboratoriet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-64157.

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Investigating Neolithic pottery and vessel use could elucidate the duality between the farming Funnel Beaker Culture and the hunter-gathering Pitted Ware Culture during the Neolithic. The two archaeological groups differ on several accounts that are of great importance when interpreting past societies. However, it is the suggested differential subsistence economies that are of specific interest for this particular investigation. A comparative study based on the absorbed fatty acids in the ceramic material from two different Neolithic sites addresses the food cultures of the farming subsistence and the contrasting, contemporary hunter-gatherer society and the differences in resource-use. The investigation argues that food acts as an active social binder, and stress the importance of incorporating this aspect when discussing past cultures. The results of the analyses display difference in vessel use between the two sites as well as an intra-site difference at Korsnäs. It is argued that these differences are indicative of deviating food-cultures and spatial organisation at Korsnäs respectively. These results are combined with the previously conducted osteological analyses and stable isotopic analyses an approach that contribute to a more dynamic understanding of the Neolithic food cultures than what has been available before. Investigating Neolithic pottery and vessel use could elucidate the duality between the farming Funnel Beaker Culture and the hunter-gathering Pitted Ware Culture during the Neolithic. The two archaeological groups differ on several accounts that are of great importance when interpreting past societies. However, it is the suggested differential subsistence economies that are of specific interest for this particular investigation. A comparative study based on the absorbed fatty acids in the ceramic material from two different Neolithic sites addresses the food cultures of the farming subsistence and the contrasting, contemporary hunter-gatherer society and the differences in resource-use. The investigation argues that food acts as an active social binder, and stress the importance of incorporating this aspect when discussing past cultures. The results of the analyses display difference in vessel use between the two sites as well as an intra-site difference at Korsnäs. It is argued that these differences are indicative of deviating food-cultures and spatial organisation at Korsnäs respectively. These results are combined with the previously conducted osteological analyses and stable isotopic analyses an approach that contribute to a more dynamic understanding of the Neolithic food cultures than what has been available before.

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48

Douville, Michelle. "North American Ecological Zone classification for the UN Food and Agriculture Organization's Forest Resource Assessment 2000 project, map compilation and validation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0034/MQ64345.pdf.

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49

Jalloh, Neneba Adama. "Differences in the effect of protein intake on the nutritional status of children whose mothers did or did not participate in the food and agriculture organization program in Koinadugu district of Sierra Leone." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/770953.

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The high rate of malnutrition (180/1000 live births) in Sierra Leone (U N Demographic Year Book, 1985) has become a major concern to the government, development agencies, medical and nutritional personnel. This study was designed to determine whether there were any significant differences between the nutritional status of the children women who participated in an FAO project and those who did not and was conducted in six villages in the Koinadugu District of Sierra Leone.By referring to a list of local protein rich foods, three-day recall of food frequency was done to estimate the protein intake. Anthropometric measures were collected and body mass index was determined. All measures were compared with standards for African-American population.The weight-for-age was significantly greater for the the 50th percentile than that of the non-project children (NPC). Protein intake less than the average of 57 grams, were seen among older children with lower weight-for -height percentile, suggesting that total food intake was inadequate for the older children. This researcher believes that the FAO project should continue but that nutrition education should be an important component of the program.
Department of Home Economics

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Camargo, Adriane de Sousa. "Globalização e hegemonia nas relações internacionais: o caso da Via Campesina por uma perspectiva gramsciana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-31012014-120405/.

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Diferentemente das abordagens estadocêntricas clássicas que valorizam processos decisórios top-down, os recentes estudos sobre a atuação da sociedade civil internacional têm desempenhado importante papel nos enfoques que valorizam as dinâmicas de cooperação bottom-up. Dentre elas, a abordagem gramsciana parte da perspectiva de que a sociedade civil internacional é portadora de projetos hegemônicos alternativos, sendo o lócus onde se concentrariam as forças potencialmente transformadoras da ordem estabelecida. Assim, ao partir da perspectiva gramsciana, o analista depara-se com o potencial que a sociedade civil possui de transformação da realidade. Nela encontram-se os movimentos sociais que, através de sua atuação nas arenas internacionais de negociação, buscam resistir à hegemonia da globalização neoliberal. Dessa maneira, por meio de sua atuação em escala global, os movimentos sociais de resistência procuram expandir sua esfera de consenso em relação a seus projetos alternativos de desenvolvimento. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetiva demonstrar como se dá a abordagem dos movimentos sociais de resistência nas Relações Internacionais a partir de sua introdução na categoria analítica de \"contra-hegemonia\", tendo por referencial teórico alguns dos conceitos de Gramsci e a tradução destes conceitos para a área das Relações Internacionais realizada por Robert Cox. Dentre os movimentos sociais de resistência que atuam em escala global, encontra-se a Via Campesina. Atuando junto à Organização das Nações Unidas para Agricultura e Alimentação (FAO), a Via Campesina tem projetado um discurso alternativo, consubstanciado pelo conceito de Soberania Alimentar, ao discurso capitalista enredado nas políticas agrícolas internacionais. Assim, objetiva-se apresentar alguns resultados da análise dessa interação, enfocando a problemática da modificação genética dos recursos fitogenéticos e o contraponto estabelecido pela Via Campesina à concepção de Segurança Alimentar sustentada pela FAO. Tendo em vista que a ação política internacional dos movimentos sociais vem sendo objeto de consideração da literatura científica de Relações Internacionais, o propósito é desenvolver uma leitura interdisciplinar do assunto, de modo a problematizar quais as possibilidades e limitações da área de Relações Internacionais em analisar o tema. Para tanto, privilegia-se esta análise a partir da perspectiva da Teoria Crítica, buscando abordar como a sociedade civil, traduzida de termos gramscianos, possui a capacidade de influenciar a hierarquia da política internacional intergovernamental por meio de sua atuação transnacional direcionada ao questionamento da manutenção e reprodução da ordem social capitalista.
Unlike the classical state-centric approaches which value top-down decision-making processes, recent studies about the performance of international civil society have played an important role on the approaches that value bottom-up cooperation dynamics. Among them, the Gramscian approach departs from the perspective that international civil society is the bearer of alternative hegemonic projects, being the locus where potential forces that can change the established order are concentrated. Thus, from the Gramscian perspective, the analyst faces the potential that civil society has to transform the reality. Included in this concept, are social movements that, through its action in the international negotiation arenas, seek to resist to the hegemony of the neoliberal globalization. There for, through its action on a global scale, the resistance social movements seek to expand their sphere of consensus regarding their alternative projects of development. In this sense, this paper aims to demonstrate how is the approach of the resistance social movements in International Relations by their introduction in the analytical category of \"counter-hegemony\", and by taking some of the Gramsci\'s theoretical concepts and its translation to the field of International Relations executed by Robert Cox. Among the resistance social movements that act on a global scale, it is located La Vía Campesina. Acting within Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), La Vía Campesina has designed an alternative discourse, embodied by the concept of Food Sovereignty, to the capitalist discourse existent in international agriculture policies. Thus, it is aimed to present some results of the analysis of this interaction, focusing on the genetic modification of plant genetic resources issue and on the counterpoint provided by La Vía Campesina to actual concept of Food Security supported by FAO. Given that the international political action of the resistance social movements has been subject of consideration of the scientific literature in International Relations, the purpose is to develop an interdisciplinary reading of the thematic, in order to discuss the possibilities and limitations of International Relations in analyzing the theme. Therefore, the focus is the analysis from the Critical Theory perspective, seeking to address how civil society, translated from Gramscian terms, has the capacity to influence the international intergovernmental political hierarchy through its transnational activity driven to questioning the maintenance and reproduction of the capitalist social order.

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