Academic literature on the topic 'Food habits Australia Longitudinal studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Food habits Australia Longitudinal studies"
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Meulenberg, Cécil J. W. "BRAIN CHANGER. Felice Jacka, 321 pages, Macmillan, 2019 (ISBN: 978-1-76055-651-8)." Exercise and Quality of Life 12, no. 2 (December 16, 2020): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31382/eqol.201206.
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This easy readible and thoroughly scientifically-backed book by australian professor Felica Jacka, explains the recent science on how diet can affect the brain and mental health, with a specific focus on the risk to anxiety and depression. The scientific evidence is drawn from the results with larger cohorts and randomized controlled trials including amongst others: ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, United Kingdom); HELFIMED (Healthy Eating for Life with a Mediterranean Diet, Australia); HUSK (Hordaland Health Study, Norway); PREDIMED (Prevencíon con Dieta Mediterránea, Spain); SMILES (Supporting the Modification of Lifestyles in Lowered Emotional States, Australia). These and other studies show that wherever the geographical area, plant-based Mediterranean-like diets improve the health outcomes of children, adolescents, adults and ageing individuals affected by mental health illnesses, in cost-effective ways. Consecutive chapters illustrate recent understandings of the effects of diets on the immune system, their influence on brain plasticity (which also occurs in older humans), epigenetics, food sensitivities, inflammation, and centrally, the importance of food to the gut microbiota (including the consumption of fermented foods). These effects are explained simply and efficiently in relation to mental health, as well as briefly to psychotic illnesses, autism and ADHD. By doing so, it is possible for every physical-activity researcher or athlete interested in the combination of nutrition, lifestyles and good habits, to get up to date easily, or to make a first aquaintance with the fields of nutrition and brain health. The appendix contains a reference list that restricts itself to the most influential studies like systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Also included is the Modified Mediterranean Diet (ModiMED) food pyramid, and several ModiMEd recipies (used in the SMILES study), as well a weekly meal planner, that all could be of use to get started with an easy intervention study. Although it is intended for the general public, the book is recommended for scholars of any life sciences. With her to-the-point and easy language writing gift, professor Jacka manages to explain the complicated matters of brain health effortlessly. She does this convincingly, but not superficially, relevant and correct, without any simplification. To influence mental health through nutritious, whole foods will be an essential topic to come, also in the fields of sports. In that sense Brain Changer, can be exactly that.
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Anstruther, Se’era May, Erin Barbour-Tuck, and Hassan Vatanparast. "Socioeconomic settings and food consumption patterns of 2–5-year-old children in developed countries: a scoping review." FACETS 6 (January 1, 2021): 1495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0098.
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Introduction: Early childhood overweight and obesity, as a result of unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary life, is a growing global public health concern, particularly in Canada. There are limited data on how socioeconomic factors influence dietary habits of young children living in developed countries. Methods: We conducted a scoping review to examine the existing literature on how socioeconomic settings influence food consumption patterns of children 2–5 years old in developed countries. The inclusion criteria were relevant articles in the English language between 2007 and 2019. Results: From the initial 1854 articles, only 12 articles from Europe, Canada, and the United States met the inclusion criteria. There are differences in eating patterns of preschool-aged children based on parental education, whereas income level did not have a clear influence on dietary patterns. The existing studies suffer from a variety of limitations that limit a cohesive conclusion. Conclusion: Studies with children 2–5 years old are scarce. Parental education seems to influence the dietary habits of young children, whereas the role of income is not clear. There is a need for further high-quality research, preferably longitudinal studies, to inform health promotion initiatives and preventive strategies to facilitate healthy growth and development in young children.
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Li, Lin, Mark J. Taylor, Katarina Bälter, Tian Xie, Berit Skretting Solberg, Jan Haavik, Alejandro Arias Vásquez, Catharina A. Hartman, and Henrik Larsson. "Gene-Environment Interactions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Dimensions: The Role of Unhealthy Food Habits." Genes 13, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13010047.
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Background: Dietary habits were investigated as environmental risk factors for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, no previous studies explored the effects of dietary factors on modifying the role of genetic factors on ADHD. Methods: Based on a Swedish population-based twin study with 1518 twin pairs aged 20–47 years, we tested whether the importance of genetic and environmental effects on ADHD varied as a function of dietary habits. Self-reported dietary habits and ADHD symptoms were collected. Twin methods were used to test the degree to which high-sugar and unhealthy food intake moderated the genetic and environmental influences on ADHD symptoms. Results: In middle-aged adults, genetic influences on inattention symptoms were statistically significantly higher among individuals with higher levels of high-sugar (45%, 95%CI: 25–54%) and unhealthy food intake (51%, 95%CI: 31–60%), compared with those with lower levels of consumption of high-sugar (36%, 95%CI: 25–47%) and unhealthy foods (30%, 95%CI: 20–41%). Similar patterns were also found for the associations between hyperactivity/impulsivity and high-sugar/unhealthy food intake, even though the moderation effects were not statistically significant. Conclusion The present study suggests that genetic factors play a more prominent role in individual differences of ADHD symptoms in the presence of the high consumption of sugar and unhealthy foods. Future longitudinal studies with multiple assessments of ADHD and dietary habits are needed to replicate our findings.
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Wortha, Silke M., Katharina A. Wüsten, Veronica A. Witte, Nicole Bössel, Wolfram Keßler, Antje Vogelgesang, and Agnes Flöel. "Gastrointestinal Hormones in Healthy Adults: Reliability of Repeated Assessments and Interrelations with Eating Habits and Physical Activity." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (October 26, 2021): 3809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113809.
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Background: Gastrointestinal hormones (GIHs) are crucial for the regulation of a variety of physiological functions and have been linked to hunger, satiety, and appetite control. Thus, they might constitute meaningful biomarkers in longitudinal and interventional studies on eating behavior and body weight control. However, little is known about the physiological levels of GIHs, their intra-individual stability over time, and their interaction with other metabolic and lifestyle-related parameters. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to investigate the intra-individual stability of GIHs in normal-weight adults over time. Methods: Plasma concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, GLP-1 (glucagon-like-peptide), and PP (pancreatic polypeptide) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 17 normal-weight, healthy adults in a longitudinal design at baseline and at follow-up six months later. The reliability of the measurements was estimated using intra-class correlation (ICC). In a second step, we considered the stability of GIH levels after controlling for changes in blood glucose and hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) as well as self-reported physical activity and dietary habits. Results: We found excellent reliability for ghrelin, good reliability for GLP1 and PP, and moderate reliability for leptin. After considering glucose, HbA1c, physical activity, and dietary habits as co-variates, the reliability of ghrelin, GLP1, and PP did not change significantly; the reliability of leptin changed to poor reliability. Conclusions: The GIHs ghrelin, GLP1, and PP demonstrated good to excellent test–retest reliability in healthy individuals, a finding that was not modified after adjusting for glucose control, physical activity, or dietary habits. Leptin showed only moderate to poor reliability, which might be linked to weight fluctuations, albeit small, between baseline and follow-up assessment in our study sample. Together, these findings support that ghrelin, GLP1, and PP might be further examined as biomarkers in studies on weight control, with GLP1 and PP serving as anorexic markers and ghrelin as an orexigenic marker. Additional reliability studies in obese individuals are necessary to verify or refute our findings for this cohort.
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Vannoni, Francesca, Teresa Spadea, Graziella Frasca, Rosario Tumino, Moreno Demaria, Carlotta Sacerdote, Salvatore Panico, et al. "Association between Social Class and Food Consumption in the Italian Epic Population." Tumori Journal 89, no. 6 (November 2003): 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160308900611.
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Aims and background The objectives of the present study were to validate the social stratification variables adopted by the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) by comparing them with data from another independent source and to evaluate the geographic and social distribution of eating habits in the Italian EPIC population. Methods The validation of the socioeconomic data collected by the EPIC study was performed with the Turin Longitudinal Study as gold standard and using Cohen's kappa statistics to evaluate the concordance between the studies. We then analyzed food groups based on the consumption of meat and fats, carbohydrates, sweets and alcohol, and on an index of the Mediterranean diet. The standardized scores for each food group were subdivided into quartiles, which were used to compare persons in the extreme quartiles. Analysis of the differences in eating habits by center and by educational level was conducted separately for men and women, calculating the prevalence rate ratios and controlling for age, area of birth and body mass index. Results Concordance between the two data sources was high for educational level and low for the social-class index based on occupation. Most of the eating habits considered to be potentially harmful (high consumption of meat or fats and alcohol and low consumption of olive oil and fish) were more frequent in Northern than in Southern Italy. These habits were inversely correlated with educational level, especially in the South. Conclusions A significant improvement in health could be obtained in the Italian population if culturally and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals were to abandon their diet rich in meat and fats, as done by more advantaged persons. In the absence of preventive interventions specifically addressed to disadvantaged groups, it is likely that social inequalities in mortality and morbidity will increase.
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Wei, Kai, Junjie Yang, Shaohui Lin, Yi Mei, Na An, Xinyi Cao, Lijuan Jiang, Chi Liu, and Chunbo Li. "Dietary Habits Modify the Association of Physical Exercise with Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 5122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175122.
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Background: Previous studies have confirmed that both healthy diets and physical exercise have preventive effects with respect to cognitive decline with aging. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the associations of physical exercise with cognitive impairment differ in community-dwelling older adults with different dietary habits. Methods: In the 2008/2009 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 14,966 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) were included for analyses. Dietary habits (including daily intake of fruits, vegetables, tea, meat, fish, eggs, food made from beans, salt-preserved vegetables, sugar, garlic, milk products, nut products, mushroom or algae, vitamins and medicinal plants) and physical exercise were assessed. Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Chinese version of the MMSE in the 2008/2009 and 2011/2012 waves. The effect modifications of physical exercise on cognitive impairment by dietary habits were estimated using logistic regression models. Results: Older adults who practiced physical exercise exhibited a trend of decreased probability of cognitive impairment at baseline and follow-up (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.80–1.06, p = 0.273; OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.65–1.05, p = 0.123, respectively) compared with those who did not practice physical exercise. When stratified by dietary habits, physical exercise had a protective effect with respect to prevalent cognitive impairment in older adults who ate fruits (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58–0.94, p = 0.016), ate food made from beans (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.62–0.93, p = 0.007), did not eat sugar (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.68–0.98, p = 0.028) and ate milk products (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.57–0.97, p = 0.030); in the longitudinal analyses, physical exercise had a protective effect with respect to incident cognitive impairment in older adults who ate fruits (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41–0.98, p = 0.040) and milk products (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.35–0.94, p = 0.027). Fruits, food made from beans and milk products modified the associations of physical exercise with prevalent cognitive impairment (p values for interaction = 0.008, 0.005 and 0.082, respectively). Conclusions: The associations of physical exercise with cognitive impairment could be modified by certain dietary habits. Physical exercise was not found to be significantly protective with respect to cognitive impairment in older adults unless they had specific dietary habits. Thus, dietary habits should be emphasized when investigating the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.
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Gketsios, Ioannis, Alexandra Foscolou, Tonia Vassilakou, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, and Rena I. Kosti. "Parental Misperceptions of Their Offspring’s Weight and Their Strategies for Child’s Eating Behavior: A Narrative Review of the Recent Evidence." Children 9, no. 10 (October 16, 2022): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9101565.
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The aim of the present review was to explore the effect of parental misperceptions of their offspring’s weight status during childhood and early adolescence on weight control strategies and children’s eating behavior. Literature searching was limited to the PubMed database and to the English language from January 2000 to August 2022. Eligible studies had clearly associated parental misperception of offspring’s weight with child eating habits or weight management and eating strategies in childhood to early adolescence. Sixteen studies (14 cross-sectional, 1 longitudinal and 1 with cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses) were included in the analysis. Weight loss attempts and child’s eating behavior were the main outcomes. Sixteen studies found significant associations. Parental misperceptions of their offspring’s weight status do influence their child’s weight and eating behavior, especially in overweight children. Parents tend to follow potentially harmful methods when they overestimate their children’s weight (food restriction) and when they underestimate their children’s weight (pressure to eat). However, additional longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the impact of parental weight status perception on health behaviors and children’s weight gain over time. The potential need for preventive intervention studies is warranted.
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Ricotti, Roberta, Marina Caputo, Alice Monzani, Stella Pigni, Valentina Antoniotti, Simonetta Bellone, and Flavia Prodam. "Breakfast Skipping, Weight, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Nutrition Quality in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled and Intervention Longitudinal Trials." Nutrients 13, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 3331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103331.
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Breakfast skipping increases with age, and an association with a high risk of being overweight (OW) and of obesity (OB), cardiometabolic risk, and unhealthy diet regimen has been demonstrated in observational studies with children and adults. Short-term intervention trials in adults reported conflicting results. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the association of breakfast skipping with body weight, metabolic features, and nutrition quality in the groups of young people that underwent randomized controlled (RCT) or intervention longitudinal trials lasting more than two months. We searched relevant databases (2000–2021) and identified 584 articles, of which 16 were suitable for inclusion. Overall, 50,066 children and adolescents were included. No studies analyzed cardiometabolic features. Interventions were efficacious in reducing breakfast skipping prevalence when multi-level approaches were used. Two longitudinal studies reported a high prevalence of OW/OB in breakfast skippers, whereas RCTs had negligible effects. Ten studies reported a lower-quality dietary intake in breakfast skippers. This review provides insight into the fact that breakfast skipping is a modifiable marker of the risk of OW/OB and unhealthy nutritional habits in children and adolescents. Further long-term multi-level intervention studies are needed to investigate the relationship between breakfast, nutrition quality, chronotypes, and cardiometabolic risk in youths.
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Hussain, Sajid, Sohaib Zafar, and Muhammad Baqir. "THE EFFECT OF DIET HABITS, PACKING, AND PRICE BARRIER ARE IMPACT ON ORGANIC FOOD PURCHASE BEHAVIOR." International Journal of Marketing Research Innovation 4, no. 2 (October 15, 2020): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijmri.v4i2.815.
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Consumers purchase environmentally friendly products ‘’Organic food’’. This study is applied in Pakistan a country in which there is concern about safety and quality. The ‘’SEM’’ model is used to support our study. Three independent variables while one dependent variable is taken in that scenario. Data were obtained from 300 respondents, 278 backed us their response. We conclude from the above-mentioned model that the packing factor has much important than that of other variables. This sort of research can conduct in developed countries such as the US, CHINA, CANADA and other geographic areas. Also, green marketing factors can be replaced for future studies. Different independent variables contribute to future research like organic food labeling, lack of knowledge, and availability. We can also use different aspects such as environmental concern, health concern, and food safety concern using them as independent variables we can further use them in new research as a research gap. this research can also be done as longitudinal research.
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Medeiros, Adriana Jesus de, Poliana De Araújo Palmeira, Jackson Silva Lima, and Vanille Valério Barbosa Pessoa Cardoso. "Longitudinal monitoring of the nutritional status of schoolchildren in a public school." Journal of Human Growth and Development 30, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.v30.10367.
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Introduction: The nutritional transition in Brazil has also reached the infant population. In this context, studies have demonstrated high prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-aged children.
Objective: analyze the nutritional and anthropometric status of children in a public school between the years of 2013 and 2015.
Methods: for which a longitudinal study was developed using a 2013 baseline study. The final sample consisted of 73 students with initial age between 3 and 9 years. Socioeconomic, anthropometric and school feeding practices were collected using questionnaires according to the school age. The nutritional status was determined by the collection of measures of weight and height, later these were used for expression z Weight / Age and Height / Age scores. SPSS was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The results showed that a significant percentage of schoolchildren remained overweight and obese from the Weight / Age index (21.8%) and at low weight risk by the Height / Age and Weight / Age (4.1% and 3%, 6%). These students presented a growth and weight gain within the norms of normality and the majority presented adequate weight for the age, nevertheless there was an expressive portion of schoolchildren who are underweight and overweight / obese.
Conclusions: The nutritional status of children is related to several factors that should be addressed through actions to develop food and nutrition surveillance and food and nutrition education with students to promote healthy eating habits.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Food habits Australia Longitudinal studies"
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Wennberg, Anna Lena. "Pregnant women and midwives are not in tune with each other about dietary counseling : studies in Swedish antenatal care." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Allmänmedicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-107691.
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Background During pregnancy, a healthy diet is beneficial for the expecting mother and her fetus. Midwives in antenatal care have an ideal position for promoting a healthy diet and thereby help women to not only lower the risks of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes, but improve maternal health. The overall aim of this thesis was to describe diet and dietary changes during pregnancy from the women’s and the midwives’ perspectives with a focus on dietary counseling. The thesis comprises four studies. The specific aims in the respective studies were to: I) Describe pregnant women’s attitudes to and experiences of dietary information and advice, as well as dietary management during pregnancy. II) Explore midwives’ strategies in challenging dietary counseling situations. III) Describe how midwives’ perceive their role and their significance in dietary counseling of pregnant women. IV) Describe women’s food habits during pregnancy and up to six months postpartum. Methods Studies I-III were qualitative. Study I included focus group interviews with 23 pregnant women. Study II included telephone interviews with 17 experienced midwives working in Swedish antenatal health care. Study III included the same 17 interviews from study II and supplemented them with four face-to-face-interviews. Qualitative content analysis was performed in all three studies. Study IV was a longitudinal study including a quantitative analysis of a questionnaire, which was given to women at five occasions during and after pregnancy. It concerned their food habits and it was answered by 163 women. The quantitative data was analyzed using comparative and descriptive statistics. Results The overall findings of the thesis were summarized as the main theme “Pregnant women and midwives are not in tune with each other about dietary counseling”. The main theme included the two themes ‘Pregnant women are concerned about risks for their child but fail to change to healthier dietary habits over time’, and ‘Midwives view themselves as authorities, though questioned ones’. In subthemes it was highlighted that pregnant women are well informed and interested in risk reduction for their child’s best and that they try to do their best to improve their diet during pregnancy. However, their diet did not reach levels of healthy eating recommendations and became even unhealthier after pregnancy. It was also highlighted that midwives experienced insufficient knowledge in dietary issues and related risks and that they had difficulties to give dietary support to pregnant women. Midwives were found to mainly focus on giving information and they lacked sufficient competence for challenging counseling. Conclusion Pregnant women, on the one hand, experience a lack of support from the midwives when dealing with dietary changes. The midwives, on the other hand, feel exposed and express a need for both further education in dietary issues and training in counseling. Women’s food habits during, but in particular after pregnancy need improvement, and dietary counseling could be more focused on healthy eating in a long-term perspective.Felaktigt ISSN angivet i avhandlingen och på spikbladet.
Books on the topic "Food habits Australia Longitudinal studies"
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Smil, Vaclav. Japan's dietary transition and its impacts. Cambridge, Masa: MIT Press, 2012.
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