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Journal articles on the topic 'Food and nutrition policy'
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Beattie, Shaun, and Susannah M. Sallu. "How Does Nutrition Feature in Climate-Smart Agricultural Policy in Southern Africa? A Systematic Policy Review." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052785.
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The ability to produce and supply more food that is both nutritious and environmentally sustainable is a momentous challenge facing Africa. Where climate change is expected to negatively impact the agricultural resource of many parts of Southern Africa specifically. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) has emerged as an approach considered capable of transforming and realigning agricultural systems to support food and nutritional security, and development under a changing climate. For sustainable food and nutrition security to be achieved, an effective policy environment is required that supports the widespread adoption of CSA application. In light of this context, this study aims to better understand nutrition’s current position within CSA-related policy at the national level by systematically reviewing all agriculture-related policy documents across Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, published between 2010 and 2019. The main findings show that efforts to address nutrition are being made within all countries and a sizeable number of policies, with crop-diversification and intensification presented as popular practices promoted as part of CSA. Nonetheless, the widespread adoption of these efforts remains weak and policies lack detail and instruction for the delivery of nutritional security. Cross-ministerial collaboration is recognised as essential for an improved policy environment, but few provide plans to strengthen such linkages or to include nutritional strategies. Clearer actions and policy outlines that promote nutrition as part of CSA are necessary if more effective action is to be achieved.
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Tims, Wouter. "Food and Nutrition Policy." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 7, no. 2 (June 1985): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658500700213.
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Kent, George. "Food and Nutrition Policy." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 7, no. 4 (December 1985): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658500700403.
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Nestel, Penelope. "Food and Nutrition Policy." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, no. 1 (March 1986): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800107.
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Wallerstein, Mitchell B. "Food and Nutrition Policy." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, no. 2 (June 1986): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800208.
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Smith, Meredith F. "Food and Nutrition Policy." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, no. 3 (September 1986): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800310.
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Bowonder, B., B. Dasgupta, S. Gupta, and S. Prasad. "Food and Nutrition Policy." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, no. 4 (December 1986): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800403.
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An article by Mogens Jul in volume 1, number 3, of the Food and Nutrition Bulletin (1979) indicated benefits for the poor from the Amul Dairy Development Scheme in Gujarat State, India; and an update by the same author was published in volume 7, number 2. However, there have continued to be doubts. This article has been accepted because it provides direct data to confirm the suggestions of the earlier articles. It leaves no doubt that well-designed and implemented dairy operations of this type can benefit medium-size as we/l as large farms, and also improve the income and diet of landless labourers.
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Samoggia, Antonella, Aldo Bertazzoli, and Arianna Ruggeri. "European Rural Development Policy Approaching Health Issues: An Exploration of Programming Schemes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 18, 2019): 2973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162973.
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Malnutrition, obesity, type 2 diabetes, micronutrient deficiencies, and the increase in non-communicable diseases are among the future European key challenges in health and welfare. Agriculture and rural development policies can positively contribute to a healthier and nutritious supply of food. The objective of the research is to analyze to what extent European 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 rural development programmes address the nexus between agriculture, food, health, and nutrition to respond to the evolving dietary needs. The research carries out a quali-quantitative content analysis on all 210 European rural development programmes. Results show that the interconnection between agriculture, food, health, and nutrition is present, with differences in the European agricultural and rural policy programming periods. The main interlinking issues of the nexus are food safety, food quality, diseases, nutritional aspect, animal health and welfare, plant health, and environmental health. Healthier and nutritious food-related issues are emerging, addressing dietary needs, and sustaining consumer food trends. Healthy and nutritious food is pursued by combating foodborne communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases. The future Common Agricultural Policy, including its rural dimensions, should support the consumption of healthy foods produced in ways that are environmentally and economically sustainable.
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Acheson, E. D. "Food Policy, Nutrition and Government." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 45, no. 2 (July 1986): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns19860047.
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POWLES, JOHN. "Victoria's food and nutrition policy." Health Promotion International 2, no. 3 (1987): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/2.3.239.
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Grossman, Jason, and Karen Webb. "Local food and nutrition policy." Australian Journal of Public Health 15, no. 4 (February 12, 2010): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00346.x.
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Vio, Fernando, and Cecilia Albala. "Nutrition policy in the Chilean transition." Public Health Nutrition 3, no. 1 (March 2000): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980000000070.
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AbstractObjectiveThis paper examines socioeconomic, demographic, epidemiological and nutrition changes that have occurred in Chile in the last decades using concepts of epidemiological and nutrition transition, and discusses policies related to nutrition.Design and settingThis is a descriptive, population-based study to analyse changes in the Chilean diet and nutrition situation including some of the main demographic, socioeconomic and epidemiological variables. Data came from the FAO, the National Institute of Statistics, the Ministry of Health and national surveys.Results and policy implicationsIn Chile, the epidemiological and nutrition situation shifted from a pretransition stage with high rates of undernutrition to a post-transition stage with increasing rates of obesity in all groups aged less than 20 years. However, changes were not accompanied by modifications in nutrition policy, which had been successful in reducing undernutrition. Despite changes in diet to a ‘western’ diet and in nutritional status of the population from undernutrition to obesity, food and nutrition programmes have been maintained unaltered. Governmental and university organizations were created in 1994 and 1995 to address the current food and nutrition problems. The accomplishments of these institutions have been the elaboration of dietary guidelines, reformulating the food and nutrition programmes and the promulgation of the Food Sanitary Regulations for Chile.ConclusionsEducation for the prevention of nutrition excess problems should be a main food and nutrition policy in developing countries.
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Freeman, Andrea. "Transparency for Food Consumers: Nutrition Labeling and Food Oppression." American Journal of Law & Medicine 41, no. 2-3 (May 2015): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098858815591520.
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Transparency for consumers through nutrition labeling should be the last, not the first, step in a transformative food policy that would reduce dramatic health disparities and raise the United States to the health standards of other nations with similar resources. Nonetheless, transparency in the food system is a key focal point of efforts to improve health by providing consumers with necessary information to make good nutritional choices, as well as to achieve sustainable food chains and ensure food safety and quality. In fact, nutrition labeling on packaging and in restaurants is the centerpiece of policy designed to decrease obesity, a condition many health advocates consider to be the most urgent public health crisis of the twenty-first century. The resulting increased transparency about food ingredients has led to some changes in industry practices and allowed many middle- and upper-income consumers to make informed choices about the products they purchase and consume. Unfortunately, however, research reveals that increased nutritional information does not improve health.
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McKenna, Mary L. "Issues in Implementing School Nutrition Policies." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 64, no. 4 (December 2003): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/64.4.2003.208.
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The implementation of school nutrition policies poses a challenge to dietitians as they work with schools to increase the availability of nutritious foods. An analysis of the implementation of the Food and Nutrition Policy for New Brunswick Schools, proclaimed by the department of education in 1991, revealed four factors that influenced implementation: selling food for profit, student choice, interpretation of the policy, and the approach to implementation. From 1997 to 1999, data were obtained from 50 participants at the provincial, district, and school levels through semi-structured interviews; supporting evidence was obtained through a review of pertinent documents. The policy goal was to develop good eating habits among schoolchildren. The policy objective to have all food services follow national guidelines for healthy eating was so controversial that implementation was inconsistent and had little impact on school foods. Opponents objected when the sale of certain foods was curtailed, felt the policy limited student choice, were unsure how to interpret it, and resented the department's top-down approach. Dietitians, who had minimal involvement with the New Brunswick policy, need to consider carefully how to work with educational agencies to combine support and pressure to foster the capacity and willingness of schools to implement nutrition policies.
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Johnson, S. R. "How Nutrition Policy Affects Food and Agricultural Policy." Journal of Nutrition 124, suppl_9 (September 1, 1994): 1871S—1877S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/124.suppl_9.1871s.
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McIsaac, Jessie-Lee D., Cindy L. Shearer, Paul J. Veugelers, and Sara F. L. Kirk. "Moving Forward with School Nutrition Policies: A Case Study of Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 76, no. 4 (December 2015): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2015-017.
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Many Canadian school jurisdictions have developed nutrition policies to promote health and improve the nutritional status of children, but research is needed to clarify adherence, guide practice-related decisions, and move policy action forward. The purpose of this research was to evaluate policy adherence with a review of online lunch menus of elementary schools in Nova Scotia (NS) while also providing transferable evidence for other jurisdictions. School menus in NS were scanned and a list of commonly offered items were categorized, according to minimum, moderate, or maximum nutrition categories in the NS policy. The results of the menu review showed variability in policy adherence that depended on food preparation practices by schools. Although further research is needed to clarify preparation practices, the previously reported challenges of healthy food preparations (e.g., cost, social norms) suggest that many schools in NS are likely not able to use these healthy preparations, signifying potential noncompliance to the policy. Leadership and partnerships are needed among researchers, policy makers, and nutrition practitioners to address the complexity of issues related to food marketing and social norms that influence school food environments to inspire a culture where healthy and nutritious food is available and accessible to children.
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Bittle, Cheryl, and Katherine J. Gorton. "Nutrition policy." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101, no. 2 (February 2001): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00041-4.
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Rosenberg, Irwin H. "The Food Label as Nutrition Policy." Nutrition Reviews 50, no. 2 (April 27, 2009): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1992.tb02518.x.
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Reeder, Julie A. "Nutrition Educators and Global Food Policy." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 48, no. 4 (April 2016): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2016.02.008.
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Caraher, Martin, and John Coveney. "Public health nutrition and food policy." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 5 (August 2004): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2003575.
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AbstractFood in its many manifestations allows us to explore the global control of health and to examine the ways in which food choice is moulded by many interests. The global food market is controlled by a small number of companies who operate a system that delivers ‘cheap’ food to the countries of the developed world. This ‘cheap’ food comes at a price, which externalises costs to the nation state in terms of health consequences (diabetes, coronary heart disease and other food-related diseases) and to the environment in terms of pollution and the associated clean-up strategies. Food policy has not to any great extent dealt with these issues, opting instead for an approach based on nutrition, food choice and biomedical health. Ignoring wider elements of the food system including issues of ecology and sustainability constrains a broader understanding within public health nutrition. Here we argue that public health nutrition, through the medium of health promotion, needs to address these wider issues of who controls the food supply, and thus the influences on the food chain and the food choices of the individual and communities. Such an upstream approach to food policy (one that has been learned from work on tobacco) is necessary if we are seriously to influence food choice.
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Swinbank, Alan. "Food and nutrition policy in Europe." Food Chemistry 50, no. 3 (January 1994): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(94)90143-0.
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Mizzi, Leonard. "Food and nutrition policy in Malta." Food Policy 20, no. 6 (December 1995): 475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9192(95)00041-0.
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Webb, Patrick. "World Food Program Nutrition Policy Papers." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 27, no. 1 (March 2006): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650602700107.
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Cross, Audrey T. "Nutrition Policy for Food-Rich Countries." Topics in Clinical Nutrition 6, no. 4 (October 1991): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008486-199109000-00011.
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Drewnowski, Adam, Nicole Darmon, and Pablo Monsivais. "Affordable Nutrient Density: Toward Economic Indicators of Sustainable Healthy Diets." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 9300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169300.
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Economics represents one of the four dimensions of sustainable nutrition. Affordable nutrient density is a key indicator of access to sustainable healthy diets. While the nutritional value of foods is assessed using nutrient density metrics, affordability metrics assess energy content and nutritional value of foods in relation to their cost. To be nutrition-relevant, such economic indicators are normally expressed in terms of monetary cost per calorie or per nutrient, as opposed to food weight. Affordability of healthy foods can also be related to the relative cost of staple grains and linked to local wages, incomes, and community purchasing power. The same concepts can be extended to the carbon cost of food production. In parallel with the affordability metrics, greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental costs ought to be calculated per 1000 kcal or per nutrient rather than per kilogram of food. Foods and food patterns need to be nutrient-rich, affordable, culturally appropriate, and appealing, and with low impact on natural resources. In this perspective article, we critically reflect on the linkages between the economic and health dimensions of sustainable nutrition and discuss some of the inherent tensions and synergies among them. Finally, we propose an approach to better integrate economic and sustainability considerations in the nutrition policy. Policy goals should prioritize balancing the nutritional value of food against its monetary or environmental cost.
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Lang, Tim. "Food control or food democracy? Re-engaging nutrition with society and the environment." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 6a (September 2005): 730–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005772.
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AbstractObjectiveTo explore the terms on which nutrition should engage with the global challenges ahead.DesignAnalysis of current orientation of nutrition and policy.ResultNutrition faces four conceptual problems. The first is that nutrition has fissured into two broad but divergent directions. One is biologically reductionist, now to the genome; the other sees nutrition as located in social processes, now also requiring an understanding of the physical environment. As a result, nutrition means different things to different people. The second problem is a misunderstanding of the relationship between evidence, policy and practice, assuming that policy is informed by evidence, when there is much evidence to the contrary. The third problem is that nutrition is generally blind to the environment despite the geo-spatial crisis over food supply, which will determine who eats what, when and how. How can we ask people to eat fish when fish stocks are collapsing, or to eat wisely if water shortage dominates or climate change weakens food security? The fourth problem is that, in today's consumerist and supermarketised world, excess choice plus information overload may be nutrition's problem, not solution.ConclusionNutrition science needs to re-engage with society and the environment. The alternative is, at best, to produce an individualised approach to public health or, at worst, to produce brilliant science but be policy-irrelevant.
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Fanzo, Jessica, Alexandra L. Bellows, Marie L. Spiker, Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman, and Martin W. Bloem. "The importance of food systems and the environment for nutrition." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 113, no. 1 (November 24, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa313.
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ABSTRACT Global and local food system transformation is necessary in order to ensure the delivery of healthy, safe, and nutritious foods in both sustainable and equitable ways. Food systems are complex entities that affect diets, human health, and a range of other outcomes including economic growth, natural resource and environmental resiliency, and sociocultural factors. However, food systems contribute to and are vulnerable to ongoing climate and environmental changes that threaten their sustainability. Although there has been increased focus on this topic in recent years, many gaps in our knowledge persist on the relation between environmental factors, food systems, and nutritional outcomes. In this article, we summarize this emerging field and describe what innovative nutrition research is needed in order to bring about food policy changes in the era of climate disruption and environmental degradation.
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McIsaac, Jessie-Lee D., Tarra L. Penney, Louise Mâsse, and Sara F. L. Kirk. "The Association between Perceived Adequacy and Capacity for School Food Policy Implementation with Food Availability and Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia, Canada." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (June 4, 2019): 1974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111974.
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Supporting the implementation of school food and nutrition policies is an international priority to encourage healthier eating among children and youth. Schools are an important intervention setting to promote childhood nutrition, and many jurisdictions have adopted policies, guidelines, and programs to modify the school nutrition environment and promote healthier eating. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between perceived adequacy of facilities or equipment and capacity of staff to support policy implementation with food availability and policy adherence in the province of Nova Scotia (NS), Canada, one of the first regions in Canada to launch a comprehensive school food and nutrition policy (SFNP). A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in 2014–2015 to provide a current-state assessment of policy implementation and adherence. Adequacy and capacity for food policy implementation was used to assess policy adherence through the availability of prohibited ‘minimum’ nutrition foods. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on a selection of available foods, and ‘slow’- and ‘quick’-service food composition measures were dichotomized for food availability. Schools with above-average perceived adequacy and capacity for policy implementation had greater odds (OR = 3.62, CI = 1.56, 8.40) of adhering to a lunch policy, while schools that adhered to a snack and lunch policy had lower odds (OR = 0.48, CI = 0.23, 1.01 and OR = 0.18, CI = 0.08, 0.41) of serving quick-service foods. This study identified the need for appropriate adequacy of facilities or equipment and capacity of staff for policy implementation to ensure policy adherence and improve the school food environment. These findings highlight the relationship between school food and nutrition policies, suggesting that better supporting their implementation could increase the likelihood of their success.
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Levin, Aaron. "Nutrition and Policy. 3: Food Industry Response to Nutritional Standards." Annals of Internal Medicine 130, no. 12 (June 15, 1999): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-12-199906150-00102.
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Thow, Anne Marie. "Trade liberalisation and the nutrition transition: mapping the pathways for public health nutritionists." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 11 (May 12, 2009): 2150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005680.
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AbstractObjectiveTo describe pathways through which trade liberalisation affects the food environment, relevant to the nutrition transition, in order to enable public health nutritionists to understand trade policy as a macro-level influence on food consumption.DesignThe pathways mapped in the present paper are based on the agreements of the World Trade Organization, which shape national policy. Implications for nutrition are presented based on a comprehensive literature review, and case studies are used to illustrate the various pathways.SettingDeveloping countries are currently experiencing a nutrition transition, resulting in dietary patterns associated with chronic disease. Chronic diseases are amenable to prevention, and trade policy has been highlighted as a potential avenue for nutrition-related prevention.ResultsTrade liberalisation influences the food environment through facilitating trade in goods and services, enabling investment and decreasing support/protection for domestic industry. These policy outcomes facilitate the nutrition transition particularly through increasing the availability and affordability of processed foods and animal products. The framework highlights the complex relationship between trade policy and the nutrition transition, with both negative and positive outcomes arising from different aspects of trade liberalisation.ConclusionsPolicy change associated with trade liberalisation has created incentives for consumption patterns associated with the nutrition transition, but has also had some positive nutritional outcomes. As a result, it is important for public health nutritionists to consider the implications of trade policy decisions in their efforts to prevent and control diet-related chronic diseases.
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Nestle, Marion. "Food Lobbies, the Food Pyramid, and U.S. Nutrition Policy." International Journal of Health Services 23, no. 3 (July 1993): 483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/32f2-2pfb-meg7-8hpu.
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The U.S. Department of Agriculture's 1991 withdrawal of its Eating Right Pyramid food guide in response to pressure from meat and dairy producers was only the latest in a long series of industry attempts to influence federal dietary recommendations. Such attempts began when diet-related health problems in the United States shifted in prevalence from nutrient deficiencies to chronic diseases, and dietary advice shifted from “eat more” to “eat less.” The Pyramid controversy focuses attention on the conflict between federal protection of the rights of food lobbyists to act in their own self-interest, and federal responsibility to promote the nutritional health of the public. Since 1977, for example, under pressure from meat producers, federal dietary advice has evolved from “decrease consumption of meat” to “have two or three (daily) servings.” Thus, this recent incident also highlights the inherent conflict of interest in the Department of Agriculture's dual mandates to promote U.S. agricultural products and to advise the public about healthy food choices.
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Eaton, Jacob C., and Lora L. Iannotti. "Genome–nutrition divergence: evolving understanding of the malnutrition spectrum." Nutrition Reviews 75, no. 11 (October 6, 2017): 934–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nux055.
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Abstract Humans adapted over a period of 2.3 million years to a diet high in quality and diversity. Genome–nutrition divergence describes the misalignment between modern global diets and the genome formed through evolution. A survey of hominin diets over time shows that humans have thrived on a broad range of foods. Earlier diets were highly diverse and nutrient dense, in contrast to modern food systems in which monotonous diets of staple cereals and ultraprocessed foods play a more prominent role. Applying the lens of genome–nutrition divergence to malnutrition reveals shared risk factors for undernutrition and overnutrition at nutrient, food, and environmental levels. Mechanisms for food system shifts, such as crop-neutral agricultural policy, agroecology, and social policy, are explored as a means to realign modern diets with the nutritional patterns to which humans may be better adapted to thrive.
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Maharjan, Kabita, and Deepak Chaudhary. "Scenario and policy of Decent Nutrition and Food Security in the Post-Covid-19 in Nepal." Journal La Sociale 2, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v2i1.251.
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The Covid-19 has drawn a new debate on the issue of food security and nutrition. The literature suggests a positive relationship between food security and nutrition. For low-income countries, access to nutritious food has been challenging. Literature reveals that Nepal faces poor food security and nutrition for decades and this issue has been more surfaced after the Covid-19. This paper explores the prospect of food security along with nutrition based on secondary data and reviews. Food security has been associated with the production, stock, access, and utilization. The utilization normally refers to the use of varieties of nutrition for the human body that is related to the immunity system. Agriculture is the prime occupation of the country as the two-third population depends on agriculture for livelihood. However, the subsistence form of agriculture has been dominated. Due to the lack of agricultural production, Nepal faces poor nutrition and faces mal-nutrition problems. Many of the districts in the western and far-western hilly regions of the country have been faced with food scarcity and malnutrition has become a common phenomenon. Moreover, Covid 19 has further highlighted the issue of food security and nutrition. As the Covid-19 is related to immunity power and its association is with nutritious food is crucial. The policy of the government has prioritized from grass root level to eliminate hunger and malnutrition though there are still challenges.
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Murray, Kris, Alexander Research Committee, Anna Farmer, Katerina Maximova, and Noreen Willows. ""It's huge in First Nation culture for us, as a school, to be a role model": Facilitators and Barriers Affecting School Nutrition Policy Implementation in Alexander First Nation." International Journal of Indigenous Health 12, no. 2 (September 20, 2017): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijih122201717784.
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This mixed-methods community-based participatory research generated knowledge of school staff perceptions of the facilitators of and barriers to implementation of a Canadian First Nation school’s healthy nutrition policy. Themes derived from seven qualitative staff interviews were integrated with quantitative data derived from 28 staff surveys. The Medicine Wheel was used to describe results, as it provided a non-hierarchical and relational way to categorize all components and stakeholders of nutrition policy implementation. Factors that facilitated policy implementation were associated with the school environment, including the nutritional quality of foods sold or offered at school, administrative support, and foundational health programming prior to policy development. Staff identified the school as a role model for community members and as a key facilitator of policy implementation (for example, in leading health initiatives, providing a place for nutritious food and physical activity opportunities, and acting as a health resource for all community members). Barriers included inconsistency between staff members in policy implementation, uncertainty about staff members’ role in policy implementation, and lack of school communication with parents regarding the policy. One of the informative barriers from a First Nation perspective was the perceived misalignment of traditional foods, such as bannock or wild game, served at First Nation cultural events with federally derived nutrition standards that emphasize a low-fat diet. Results suggest strengthening school nutrition policy implementation by increasing staff nutrition education and certainty of their roles as policy facilitators, advocates, and enforcers; improving communication with families; having supportive school health programming; and ensuring the school, community, and home environment all reinforce healthy eating.
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Mahesh, Rewena, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Clare Dominick, and Boyd Swinburn. "Relative contributions of recommended food environment policies to improve population nutrition: results from a Delphi study with international food policy experts." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 11 (May 2, 2018): 2142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018001076.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine weightings for the relative contributions of nineteen widely recommended good practice food environment policies to improve population nutrition, based on evidence of effectiveness and expert ratings, to facilitate benchmarking of the implementation of food environment policies globally.DesignA two-round Delphi study was performed in 2015, whereby international food policy experts (nRound127,nRound221) compared effectiveness of all possible pairs of policy domains and good practice policies within domains to improve population nutrition according to the Saaty scale (1 to 9). Weightings for each domain and policy were derived from expert ratings based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process method.SettingInternational.SubjectsFood policy experts.ResultsOut of the seven policy domains, Food Prices and Food Promotion received the highest weightings for impact on improving population nutrition, while Food Trade received the lowest weighting. Among the nineteen specific policies, taxing unhealthy foods (3·8 (0·7)), healthy food provision in schools (2·8 (0·4)) and minimizing taxes on healthy foods (2·6 (0·4)) were given the highest weightings, while nutrient declarations on packaged foods (1·2 (0·2)) and healthy food policies in private-sector workplaces (1·0 (0·2)) received the lowest weightings (mean (95 % CI)).ConclusionsExpert-derived weightings on the relative contributions of recommended food environment policies to improve population nutrition will facilitate monitoring and benchmarking the implementation of these policies by governments among countries globally. Additional weightings for contributions of policies to reducing nutrition inequalities and improving consumer and child rights could be developed in the future.
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Mersini, Ehadu, Jolanda Hyska, and Genc Burazeri. "Evaluation of national food and nutrition policy in Albania." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 56, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0015.
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Abstract Introduction The paper aims to describe the progress that has been made in the implementation of the Albanian food and nutrition policy since 2003, so as to consider its impacts to date, and to identify strategic priorities/critical areas and priorities for Albania’s future policy on improving the national food and nutrition situation. Methods In 2011-2012, an expert group applied an intersectoral participatory approach to evaluate the implementation of Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2003-08 in Albania. The experts employed the quantitative method, using a 9 question logical assessment matrix to measure the achievements of the individual goals of the Plan, and a qualitative tool for the interview of an interdisciplinary sample of 68-key informants-persons operating in public health nutrition, food safety and food availability related subfields, from a wide range of pertinent institutions and stakeholders. Results The quantitative and qualitative assessment revealed that the implementation process has faced serious barriers linked to the design of the plan, which did not accurately anticipate a theoretical framework, or structured methods for its implementation. Other impeding factors included the lack of institutional/infrastructure support, lack of intersectoral coordination and motivation, as well as insufficient capacities and know-how. Intersectoral response to the multifaceted nature of double burden of malnutrition is of key importance to improve nutritional wellbeing and health outcomes in Albania. Conclusions Participatory approaches that involve all relevant sectors and actors in the development, monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of public health policies based on comprehensive action-oriented assessments are promising and should be further supported.
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Mannan, M. A. "An Evaluation of the National Food and Nutrition Policy of Bangladesh." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 24, no. 2 (January 2003): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650302400211.
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Food and nutrition policy activities directed toward improvement of the nutritional status of the people of Bangladesh began in the 1980s. The government formulated a national food and nutrition policy and approved it in 1997. Qualitative methods, including observational techniques, in-depth interviews of the key informants, and focus group discussions, were used to collect information on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of the policy. The information obtained has been transcribed and analyzed using this model. The strengths of the policy are that it is a consensus document that emphasizes human rights, was formulated by a multisectoral approach, complements other government policies, and has broad goals and wide-ranging objectives. The weaknesses include lack of implementation, monitoring, and evaluation guidelines; lack of strong government commitment; inadequate support of policy makers; perhaps an excessively ambitious target; and ignorance of past lessons learned. The opportunities include the scope of social mobilization, the wide scope of the policy, suggested programs and measures to improve nutritional status, a congenial policy environment, and the ability to modify the scope of the policy as needed. The threats to the policy are lack of knowledge of the policy, lack of resources to implement the policy, tension between technical people and bureaucrats, vested business interests, and, possibly, discontinuity of political commitment. The key to reducing the weaknesses of the food and nutrition policy of Bangladesh and minimizing the threats to it is for the stakeholders in the policy to coordinate efforts to use the strengths and opportunities of the policy to effectively implement it.
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Piekarz-Porter, Elizabeth, Julien Leider, Lindsey Turner, and Jamie F. Chriqui. "District Wellness Policy Nutrition Standards Are Associated with Healthier District Food Procurement Practices in the United States." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (November 7, 2020): 3417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113417.
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Food procurement policies often exist to require that schools purchase foods with specific nutrient standards. Such policies are increasingly being used with the hope of improving access to healthier foods and beverages. Local wellness policies, required in any school district that participates in Federal Child Nutrition Programs, often contain specific nutrition standards that detail what can be sold to students during the school day. This study investigated the extent to which nutrition standards in wellness policies may be associated with healthier nutrition standards in district-level purchasing specifications. Cross-sectional data from the 2014–2015 school year for 490 school food authorities from 46 states and the District of Columbia were collected as part of the School Nutrition and Meal Cost Study and the National Wellness Policy Study. Survey-adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were computed to examine the association between district wellness policy nutrition standards and corresponding district food purchasing specifications. Results show that having a district wellness policy with corresponding nutrition standards and being in a rural area were associated with district food purchasing specifications for specific nutrients. These findings contribute to the literature to suggest that having a wellness policy with detailed nutrition standards may help to increase access to healthier foods and beverages.
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Taylor, Jennifer P., Debbie MacLellan, Jane Mary Caiger, Kimberley Hernandez, Mary McKenna, Bob Gray, and Paul Veugelers. "Implementing Elementary School Nutrition Policy: Principals’ Perspectives." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 72, no. 4 (December 2011): e205-e211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/72.4.2011.e205.
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Purpose: We assessed principals’ perceptions about the level of school nutrition policy (SNP) implementation in Prince Edward Island elementary schools, objectively evaluated how closely elementary schools are following SNP regulations for types and frequency of foods offered at school, and explored principals’ beliefs about the key enablers and barriers to SNP implementation. Methods: Phase I involved a cross-sectional survey of principals’ assessment of perceived and actual adherence to SNP components. Phase II included in-depth interviews to explore principals’ perceptions about factors influencing policy adherence. Descriptive statistics were generated. Thematic content analysis was used to identify themes. Results: Forty-one (93%) principals participated in Phase I, and nine of these participated in Phase II. The level of implementation of SNP components varied. Seventy-four percent of all foods sold were categorized as allowed by the SNP; 68% of schools sold at least one “not allowed” food. Key barriers included lost revenue, a higher cost of healthy foods, and limited availability of policy-allowed foods. Enablers were a high level of community support, ready access to food suppliers, and active parent volunteers. Conclusions: While schools are making progress in implementing the SNP, challenges remain. Identifying and communicating strategies for healthy fundraising activities and finding ways to involve parents in SNP implementation are recommended.
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Crockett, Susan J., Eileen Kennedy, and Karen Elam. "Food Industry's Role in National Nutrition Policy." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 102, no. 4 (April 2002): 478–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90111-2.
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Rossiter, Phillipe, and Michael Kipps. "NUTRITION AND FOOD POLICY FOR THE UK." Nutrition & Food Science 88, no. 4 (April 1988): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb059191.
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Hautvast, Jo, Ibrahim Elmadfa, and Mike Rayner. "Policy, trade, economic, and technological aspects of improving nutrient intake and lifestyles in the European Union." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 2a (April 2001): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980001001574.
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Summary of recommendations1.A new Nutrition Committee for the European Union1.1 A new Nutrition Committee for the European Union, should be created to give independent scientific and policy advice on nutrition, diets and physical activity to the Commission. This should be supported by a strengthened Nutritional Unit within the Commission.2.Policy development2.1 There needs to be a comprehensive and coherent nutritional policy for the EU2.2 The development of European dietary goals should continue after the completion of the Eurodiet Project.2.3 The European Commission should revise its Recommended Daily Allowances for vitamins and minerals using a systematic, evidence-based approach. Recommended Daily Allowances should be set at a level which would prevent deficiencies and lower the risk of disease.2.4 The European Commission should produce, preferably every four years, a report on the state of nutrition, diet and physical activity in the EU. This report should contain proposals for action3.Components of a nutrition policyEducation3.1 The European Commission should not be involved in the direct delivery of lifestyle advice to the public.3.2 The European Commission should continue to support networks whose members are involved in educating the public and in training professionals about nutrition, diets and physical activity.Research3.3 European Community funding of health-related research should better reflect the Community's public health priorities.3.4 The European Community should ear-mark funds for large, multi-centre studies into nutrition, diet and physical activity with a duration of up to 10 years.Consumer protectionFood labelling3.5 The European Commission should draw up proposals for the regulation of health claims.3.6 The European Community should agree rules for the use of nutrition claims along the lines agreed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.3.7 The European Commission should review the 1990 Nutrition Labelling Directive particularly with a view to making nutrition labelling more comprehensible and it should encourage the development of other ways of providing consumers with information about the nutrient content of foods though, for example, the Internet.Food composition3.8 The European Commission should review the Novel Food Regulations, particularly with a view to ensuring that the nutritional consequences of consuming novel foods are better assessed and to making approval procedures more efficient.3.9 European Community rules on food fortification and on food supplements should be harmonised but in such a way that the interests of consumers are paramount.Agriculture policy3.10 The Common Agriculture Policy should be subject to a regular and systematic health impact assessment.3.11 Given that there are subsidies under the Common Agricultural Policy designed to increase consumption of surplus food, these should be directed towards promoting the consumption of foods for which there is strong evidence of a need for increased consumption in the EU for health reasons.Special issuesFruit and vegetable consumption3.12 The promotion of increased fruit and vegetable consumption across the EU should be a key aspect of the European Union's proposed nutrition policy.Breast feeding3.13 The European Union should review its policy on breast feeding including assessing and, if necessary, improving its legislation on breast milk substitutes and maternity leave.Physical Activity3.14 The European Union should have a policy for promoting physical activity in Europe. This should be part of, or at least closely integrated with, the European Union's proposed nutritional policy.
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Culas, Richard J., and Kimsong Tek. "Food security in Cambodia: trends and policy objectives." International Journal of Development Issues 15, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 306–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-06-2016-0033.
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Purpose The paper presents food and nutritional status and relevant policy objectives that can sustain food security in Cambodia. This paper aims to review Cambodia’s food security situation over a period. Design/methodology/approach The paper provides an approach for selecting food security indicators in relation to both inputs and outcomes by drawing on a conceptual framework. National level data for the food security indicators are analysed over a period to provide trends in food and nutritional status. Findings Cambodia has not experienced drastic food insecurity yet, as most people are farmers and their livelihoods dependent on agriculture. Agriculture has maintained food availability in the country; however, there is a proportion of the population living in remote areas unable to obtain sufficient, safe, nutritious food. Landlessness, internal migration, rapid population growth, lack of education and skills, limited access to natural resources and agricultural land, poor health and infrastructure leave the people with inadequate employment opportunities, low capabilities and low productivity which in turn bring deeper poverty. Therefore, people are insecure, excluded and vulnerable to food deprivation. Practical implications To tackle the food security challenges, the Government of Cambodia focuses on food-based social safety nets in the sectors of education, nutrition and productive assets/livelihoods support, to enable longer-term, nationally owned food security solutions. Originality/value The paper draws conclusions using a range of recently proposed food security indicators and offers a perspective for policy formulation which may be of interest to development scholars and practitioners.
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Stewart, Derek, Anne Kennedy, and Anthony Pavel. "Beyond nutrition and agriculture policy: collaborating for a food policy." British Journal of Nutrition 112, S2 (September 30, 2014): S65—S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451400230x.
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Global interest in food policy is emerging in parallel with mounting challenges to the food supply and the rising prevalence of diet-related chronic health conditions. Some of the foundational elements of food policies are agricultural practices, finite resources, as well as economic burdens associated with a growing and ageing population. At the intersection of these interests is the need for policy synchronisation and a better understanding of the dynamics within local, regional and national government decision-making that ultimately affect the wellness of the populous and the safety, quality, affordability and quantity of the food supply. Policies, synchronised or not, need to be implemented and, for the food industry, this has seen a myriad of approaches with respect to condensing complex nutritional information and health claims. These include front and/or back of pack labelling, traffic light systems, etc. but in general there is little uniformity at the more regional and global scales. This translation of the nutritional and health-beneficial messages accompanying specific products to the consumer will undoubtedly be an area of intense activity, and hopefully interaction with policy makers, as the food industry continues to become a more global industry.
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McIsaac, Jessie-Lee D., Julia C. H. Kontak, and Sara F. L. Kirk. "Moving from Policy to Practice: A Report of School Nutrition Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 79, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2018-017.
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Purpose: School food and nutrition policies have the potential to encourage healthier eating among children and youth to address rising concerns of poor diet quality. Despite their widespread implementation, there is little reported monitoring of policy adherence. This short report describes adherence to the provincial school food and nutrition policy in Nova Scotia (NS) that was implemented in 2006. Methods: An online survey was distributed to NS public schools in 2014–2015 to assess adherence to the directives and guidelines of the policy. Descriptive information was obtained for schools and indicators for policy adherence were explored. Results: A total of 242 schools completed the survey (73% response rate) and policy adherence was variable across the different components. Few schools adhered to the policy standard related to the sale of unhealthy foods and there was inconsistency in school adherence reported for other policy indicators. Conclusions: This research suggests that further action is need to ensure “minimum nutrition” food and beverages are not available in schools and that healthy eating is reinforced through prioritizing key policy actions like pricing strategies, discontinuing fundraising with unhealthy food, and ensuring food programs are available in a nonstigmatizing manner.
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Doxey, Richmond S., Michael F. Krug, and Rick Tivis. "The Lunch Conference Diet: Fostering Resident Engagement in Culinary Medicine Through a Curriculum Centered on Changes to Provided Conference Food." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 15, no. 3 (February 19, 2021): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827621994499.
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Background. Despite the burden of chronic disease attributable to lifestyle, most internal medicine residents do not receive adequate training in nutrition and nutrition counseling. Methods. We held a culinary medicine workshop in September 2018, followed by didactic sessions throughout the academic year. Changes were made to lunch conference food to more closely follow the Mediterranean diet and to encourage healthy eating. With a modified NUTCOMP (Nutrition Competence Questionnaire) instrument, we assesses residents’ perceived competence with nutrition counseling before and after the curriculum. Results. Twenty-six of 30 residents completed the pre-curriculum and post-curriculum surveys (not the same 26). The mean NUTCOMP score increased from 3.5 to 4.0 ( P < .0001), indicating an increased perceived competence with nutritional counseling. Residents felt that nutritional counseling was important before and after the curriculum (4.2 to 4.3, P = .48). Conference food was more nutritious at the end of the intervention (Mediterranean diet score range 1-4 to 4-7) and residents enjoyed the food more. Conclusions. An innovative, multimodal nutrition curriculum centered on changes to catered lunch conference food improved resident’s confidence with nutritional counseling. This could feasibly be integrated into other residency programs with supportive leadership and adequate training.
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Harris, Jody, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Lan Mai Tran, and Phuong Nam Huynh. "Nutrition transition in Vietnam: changing food supply, food prices, household expenditure, diet and nutrition outcomes." Food Security 12, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 1141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01096-x.
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Abstract While literature has noted the presence of a nutrition transition in terms of changing nutrition outcomes in Vietnam, very limited evidence linking changes in upstream food system factors to downstream diet and nutrition changes exists. Combining available data from different sources and analyzing it through a conceptual food systems framework, our study examines different pathways of nutrition transition through food supply, food prices, household food expenditures, diets, and nutrition outcomes in Vietnam. Our findings show that while Vietnam is at the start of its nutrition transition, change is happening rapidly. Undernutrition is falling, obesity is rising, and nutrition-related chronic diseases account for a significant burden of diseases and death. In terms of changes in healthful foods, the supply of vegetables and fruits is plentiful, and expenditure on vegetables remains consistent and small. Notably however, vegetable consumption has dropped, and increasing meat and milk consumption have been double-edged swords for nutrition. In terms of foods associated with the negative sides of the nutrition transition, the availability of sweets and sweetened beverages has risen in recent years, with oils and fats rising less. The expenditure share on food eaten away from home, in many contexts a marker for less healthful diets, has increased over time. While these changes are typical of a nutrition transition, Vietnam is also somewhat of an outlier in some respects: wet markets and daily fresh food purchases continue to dominate food purchasing behaviour, and food eaten away from home means a different thing in a country renowned for its diverse and healthy street food and roadside restaurant culture. While this study brings together important data on the food system drivers of a nutrition transition in Vietnam, it cannot link each of these issues into a standard statistical model of change due to data gaps at different levels, calling for data collection improvement in future diet and food systems research. Vietnamese health policy explicitly acknowledges nutrition transition issues, with targets for obesity reduction. This work on the food system drivers of the nutrition transition points to the need to further adapt policy in other sectors beyond health, however. At the same time as making nutrient-rich foods more accessible, nutrient-poor or ultra-processed foods need to be made less accessible and desirable if additional income is to contribute to a healthy diet in limiting Vietnam’s emerging nutrition transition.
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Tedstone, Alison. "Food Standards Agency: nutrition." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 63, no. 4 (November 2004): 501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2004380.
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The Food Standards Agency undertakes a range of activities with the aim of improving the dietary health of the population and determining how best to communicate key messages to achieve dietary change. Activities include obtaining sound evidence from research and surveys, and seeking advice from independent experts. Work is also undertaken to inform and motivate the population about diet and to identify ways of improving their diet. The effectiveness of the work is monitored in order to inform future policy decisions and interventions and to understand cost implications.
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Hirschman, Jay, and Jamie F. Chriqui. "School food and nutrition policy, monitoring and evaluation in the USA." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 6 (September 25, 2012): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012004144.
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AbstractObjectiveTo provide an overview of school food and nutrition monitoring from 1980 to the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 and data on school food availability in the USA.DesignA review of the history of school food and nutrition policy, monitoring and evaluation efforts in the USA over the past three decades.SettingUSA.SubjectsSchool food service, school districts and schools nationwide.ResultsThe school food environment in the USA is governed by a patchwork of federal, state and local laws and policies. The federal government has primary authority over the school meal programmes and has recently issued updated regulations governing the food and nutrient requirements for meals sold or served through the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs. Competitive foods (i.e. foods and beverages sold/served outside the meal programmes) are governed primarily by state and district laws and policies, although new federal regulations are expected to set minimum standards in this area. The USA has a long history of data monitoring and evaluation funded by government and private foundations which has enabled decision makers to monitor progress and opportunities to improve the foods and beverages made available to students in school.ConclusionsSchool food-related monitoring and evaluation research has been highly influential in influencing legislation and policy, leading to improvements in the foods and beverages available to children at school as part of planned meals and individual items sold outside the meal programmes. The lessons learned from the US experience provide insights that may be valuable for implementation, monitoring and evaluation of school food programmes in other countries.
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Pietinen, Pirjo, Satu Männistö, Liisa M. Valsta, and Sirpa Sarlio-Lähteenkorva. "Nutrition policy in Finland." Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 6A (June 2010): 901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010001072.
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AbstractThe present study describes the main actions in Finnish nutrition policy during the past decades. The main actor is the National Nutrition Council, which provides nutritional recommendations and action programmes, and sets up expert groups to solve nutritional problems in the population. The main fortification programmes have been the iodization of table salt, supplementation of selenium to fertilizers and the vitamin D fortification programme. As an example of national legislation, labelling the salt content of foods is described. Finnish nutrition policy is based on a good monitoring system of nutrition and risk factors of chronic diseases, as well as active epidemiological research. However, the authorities have not often taken proposed fiscal measures seriously but have instead considered agricultural and economic policies more important than health policy.