Relevant bibliographies by topics / Folk process

Academic literature on the topic 'Folk process'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Folk process"

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Ibragimov, Abdupatto Ahmadjonovich. "The process of improvement of folk instruments." Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 11, no. 11 (2021): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2021.00235.5.

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Babajeva, Ludmila. "THEORETICAL CONCEPT OF LEARNING PROCESS IN FOLK HIGH SCHOOL." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 9, 2015): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2012vol1.73.

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<p>Folk high schools during last 160 years have been known for being unique nonformal education institutions with their own philosophical conception established by Danish philosopher N.F.S. Grundtvig (1783-1872). Founded as national consciousness and Danish culture supportive institutions, folk high schools in short time became centres of democracy. The main ideas of these conception – „living word”, „enlightenment”, „enliving”, „school for life”, „personal development” – have made these institutions as providers of personal enlightenment, development and self-realization, where students enlived their transformations through dimensions of body, feelings and mind.</p>
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Kornienko, E. R. "Folk Text in the Process of Foreign Language Learning." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 1(16) (February 28, 2011): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2011-1-16-255-259.

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Bajic-Stojiljkovic, Vesna. "The process of shaping stage folk music through the prism of the development of folk dance choreography." Muzikologija, no. 33 (2022): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz2233209b.

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Understanding the historical processes in the shaping of stage folk music raises an important question about the application of traditional music in stage choreographic works. Since the 1930s in Serbia, the history of music and dance was cre?ated by prominent individuals, musicians and composers, initiated by the work of choreographers such as Maga Magazinovic, Russian artists, and later by many domestic performing artists gathered around cultural and artistic societies and the National ensemble ?Kolo?. In this article, all available data relevant for the consideration of stage folk music as a specific genre will be presented along with the stage folk dance, precisely through the form of folk dance choreography (FDC), whose developmental path was hinted at since the end of the 19th century. Defining and understanding dance music, that is, music for FDC, opens new horizons in re-examining the process of forming stage folk music in our region.
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MacLaury, Robert E. "Domain-specificity in folk biology and color categorization: Modularity versus global process." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21, no. 4 (August 1998): 582–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x98361270.

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Universal ranks in folk biological taxonomy probably apply to taxonomies of cultural artifacts. We cannot call folk biological cognition domain-specific and modular. Color categorization may manifest unique organization, which would result from known neurology and the nature of color as an attribute. But folk biology does not adduce equivalent evidence. A global process of increasing differentiation similarly affects folk taxonomy, color categorization, and other practices germane to Atran's anthropology of science; this is beclouded by claims of specificity and modularity.
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Khakimyanova, Aigul M. "EXISTENCE OF BASHKIR FOLK TAKMAKS IN THE POST-FOLK SPACE." Folklore: structure, typology, semiotics 5, no. 2 (2022): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-5294-2022-5-2-56-72.

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The article examines the current state of the Bashkir folk takmaks. The specificity of this genre as a fact of folklore dynamics is revealed: takmaks occupy a stable position and successfully evolve. Thanks to various competitions of takmak performers held in the republic, in addition to the previously existing ones, more and more new couplets are being composed. They are distinguished by an extraordinary breadth of topics, a direct orientation towards a real-life situation and a fundamentally evaluative nature of the content. In the light of recent events, new takmaks are being written on the topic of a pandemic, covid 19, self-isolation, distance learning for children, etc. If earlier takmaks were created and performed mainly by young people, now the bearers of the genre are elderly and middle-aged people. In the post-folklore space, takmaks exist and are distributed not only orally, but also in writing, in the dissemination of which folklore ensembles and amateur groups play an important role. Placing the texts of traditional takmaks on the Internet is also a process not only of archiving, but also of being and popularization with the help of Internet technologies.
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Qosimjon Qizi, Olimova Nilufar. "Promotion Technology Of Primary School Students Through Folk Oral Creativity." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 448–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue11-75.

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Speech is the process of speaking and its outcome. In fact, speech is one of the highest, most complex, spiritual tasks of man. A specific function of a person that emerges in the process of social work as a means of communication between people. Man perceives objects and events in the external world with the help of his senses and through speech.
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Sentevska, Irena. "All that turban-folk: Orientalism and neo-folk music in Serbia." Bulletin de l'Institut etnographique 68, no. 3 (2020): 641–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gei2003641s.

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In this paper I look at the ?oriental controversy? of the neo-folk music in Serbia, focusing on the changes in the perception of the longstanding Serbian-Bosnian ensemble Juzni vetar (Southern Wind) in the academic circles, media and various segments of the music industry. The affirmative attitude towards the performers and music legacy of Juzni vetar, which has in recent years gradually entered the media from the alternative (non-commercial) music and art circles, may be observed in the context of the contemporary globalized music industry which constantly challenges orientalist assumptions and divisions between East and West. The key turning point in this process is the newly-embraced understanding of Juzni vetar (and ?turban-folk? in general) as part of Serbia?s cultural heritage. Using a representative sample of academic and media comments, in this paper I shed some light on the shifts in the reception of Juzni vetar primarily as an indication of the wider changes in the reception of the Ottoman legacy and contemporary influences of the ?Orient? in the contemporary Serbian culture, not excluding the wider context of Southeastern Europe.
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DOĞANER, Ali, and Zeynep TÜRKERİ. "Presentation of Folk Songs Today and Changes in Folk Songs Texture." Akademik Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi 6, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.34083/akaded.1085329.

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From the earliest times to the present, the narrators/transmitters of the oral cultural products of Turkish literature have been poets and minstrels ozan, kam, baksı. The oral culture tradition, which has a dynamic structure, has left its place to another literary product over time, formed in accordance with the conditions of the age, the sensitivities of the society and individuals without disturbing its specific features and rules. Folk stories and love stories with folk songs, which have replaced the Turkish epic tradition, have also taken their place in various stages and different cultural environments of our oral literature tradition with its own formation process. Today, it maintains this position with its performers and audience in environments suitable for the conditions of the age. It has been determined that in the structure of folk tales and folk songs, performers/minstrels went to some differentiations and orientations due to the conditions and changes that emerged over time, especially due to the conditions and changes arising from the performance environment. This situation has been transferred from the oral culture environment to the written culture environment, and to environments such as TV, radio, cinema, internet with the developing technology and opportunities. In addition, it created a chain of differences for the changes to be seen, especially in the verse parts of the stories, in accordance with the psychological, sociological, political situations of the audience.
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Zabbarova, Marina G. "Cultivating Interest in Folk Culture in Elementary School Students." Volga Region Pedagogical Search 2, no. 40 (2022): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/2307-1052-2022-2-40-70-77.

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. The article presents an analysis of the concepts of “folk culture”, “cultivating interest in folk culture”. The relevance of the issue of cultivating the interest of younger students in folk culture is revealed. The role of folklore in the development of folk culture, as well as the educational potential of one of its genres, a folk tale, are substantiated. The theoretical justification and practical experience on the use of folklore works in the educational process of elementary school through the implementation of pedagogical technologies in the process of designing extracurricular activities (games, computer, group activities) is presented.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Folk process"

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Shao, Luyin. "A STUDY OF ACCULTURATION IN CHINESE-MONGOLIAN ER’RENTAI FOLK OPERA." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/94.

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Er’rentai, or Mongolian dance and song duets, is a genre of folk opera in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. Er’rentai performances can be categorized into two styles—the “western-style” and the “eastern-style.” The aim of this thesis is to explore the acculturation in Chinese-Mongolian er’rentai genre in the following ways. First, I address the historical background of the western-style er’rentai. Then, I draw on fieldwork with Huo Banzhu, a famous er’rentai musician, to introduce contemporary state of er’rentai's development. Finally, I employ musical analysis to demonstrate the borrowings of Mongolian music and culture in the formation and transmission of Chinese-Mongolian er’rentai.
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Kanaridis, Mina, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Contemporary Arts. "Investigating a singing voice in diverse genres and styles : a discussion of context and process." THESIS_CAESS_CAR_Kanaridis_M.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/241.

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The author investigates the voice in diverse genres and styles, documenting and interpreting vocal performance through a contextual analysis of specifically chosen repertoire. This repertoire is drawn from collaboration with two musical groups, the Renaissance Players and Coda and from the author's artistic direction and presentation of four diverse recitals: American Songs, Italian Baroque, American Folk and Theatre and Nostalgia. Each recital is treated as a separate case study, in which the process of selecting, rehearsing and performing the repertoire is closely examined. Recordings and selected examples of scores are included to illustrate the findings. The discussion concludes with a synthesis of context and process within the framework of a global perspective celebrating diversity.
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Набок, Марина Миколаївна, Марина Николаевна Набок, Maryna Mykolaivna Nabok, and Kwesi Gyebi Mintah-Benyin. "The Principles Of Teaching Ukrainian Folk Dumas In Higher Educational Institutions Of Ukraine." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/84788.

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The article deals with the basic principles of teaching Ukrainian folk dumas in higher educational institutions of Ukraine. Cross-cultural education contributes to understanding and acceptance of cultural differences, ethnic tolerance, which is particularly important in the university environment with its close intercultural communication and interaction. The creative interaction between the teacher and the student allows «deeper study of Ukrainian dumas’ role in the formation of the national identity during intercultural communication» and is an integral part of the organization of creative education. The issues of the integration of art into the educational process in the United States are discussed in the works of Dowell and Goering et al.
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Lombardi, David. "Communication and Creative Process Between Musicians From Different Cultures : A report of travels, experiences, exchanges and encounters." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för folkmusik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-4221.

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Kull, Hanna. "Från de värmländska skogarna mot nya landskap och dess musikaliska uttryck : En självobservation av hur jag som värmländsk spelman tar mig an och drar lärdom av estradmusiken från Hälsingland med noterna som ”mästare”." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för konstnärliga studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33172.

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Jag har genom en självobservation studerat hur jag som värmländsk spelman har jobbat för att lära mig Ranungspolskorna av Jon Erik Öst. Syftet har varit att studera min egen läroprocess genom att tillägna mig musik från en annan tradition med noter som mästare. En central fråga i mitt arbete har varit om de förkunskaper jag haft räcker för att spela den nya traditionen eller om jag behöver addera ny kunskap, och i så fall vilken, för att lyckas. Jag har använt mig av videofilmning, ljudinspelning och loggboksskrivande för att dokumentera vad som hänt, och detta material ligger till grund för mitt resultat. Det teoretiska perspektiv som arbetet bygger på är mästarläran, dock med fokus på att det bara har varit jag, instrumentet och noterna som har samarbetat, och inte en ytterligare människa som har agerat mästare. I och med att det bara har varit jag, instrumentet och noterna som samarbetat så har inte ytterligare en människa agerat mästare i studien. Slutligen presenteras resultatet av studien under två rubriker där den första rubriken presenterar läroprocessen och den sista ger konkreta exempel på skillnader och likheter mellan Värmlands och Hälsinglands folkmusikgenre. Resultatet diskuteras därefter i relation till tidigare forskning och bakgrundslitteraturen som använts i föreliggande studie.
I have by a self-observation studied how I as a fiddler from the province of Värmland have worked to learn to play the Ranungspolskorna by Jon Erik Öst. The aim has been to study my own learning process by studying music from a different tradition with sheet notes as a master. A central issue in my work has been to find out if the previous knowledge I already have is enough to play the new music tradition or what new knowledge I need to add to succeed. I have been using video recording, audio recording and writing logbook to document what has happened, and this material forms the basis of my results. The theoretical perspective underpinning the work is master learning, but with focus on the cooperation between myself, my instrument and the sheet notes, and no another person acting as the master in the study. Finally I present the result of the study under two headings. The first one presents the learning process and the second gives concrete examples of the differences and similarities between the folk music genre from the provinces of Värmland and Hälsingand. The result is then discussed in relation to the previous research and background literature used in the present study.
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David, Fabrice. "Étude anthropologique de la création chorégraphique d'un spectacle de danse bretonne : Abenn Dimeurh de l'ensemble musique et danse Kevrenn Alré (Bretagne, France)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL011.

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Cette thèse s'intéresse au processus de création chorégraphique d'un spectacle de danses traditionnelles en Bretagne. Elle a été menée à partir d’un terrain effectué au sein de la Kevrenn Alré, ensemble de musique et danse bretonnes basé à Auray dans le Morbihan, de novembre 2010 à novembre 2012. Comme la majorité des groupes bretons, cet ensemble crée son spectacle annuel pour le besoin d'un concours organisé par sa confédération. La recherche analyse les activités et les modes collectifs de production mis en œuvre lors de la fabrication du spectacle Abenn dimeurh sur le thème des préparatifs d'une noce en pays d'Auray vers 1900. La description ethnographique d'un moment de concours et l'analyse des dynamiques internes de la Kevrenn Alré permettent d'abord d'appréhender la relation du groupe à son environnement socio-culturel et d'interroger la façon dont le cadre compétitif façonne le processus de création d'un spectacle. La fabrication d'Abenn Dimeurh est ensuite observée en détaillant les différentes étapes organisées par les chorégraphes : émergence du thème, collectage, présentation du projet aux danseurs, écriture chorégraphique. Cette observation met en lumière la façon dont les responsables de la Kevrenn Alré, pour faire aboutir leur projet artistique, doivent articuler un processus de création nettement ordonnancé et une organisation collective des activités. Au fil du processus sont engagées différentes formes de coopération qui montrent que les acteurs envisagent la notion du collectif et le travail en groupe autour d'une vision commune du sens de l'effort et de la responsabilité partagée. Il se dégage de l’analyse que la définition du travail artistique comme une activité collective est opératoire dans le contexte de la danse bretonne de spectacle en tenant compte des spécificités de l'univers associatif. Dans cet univers, les membres de la Kevrenn Alré s'efforcent de concilier le plaisir du partage et la réussite au concours. De ce constat émerge que le processus de création marque la production de son empreinte en engendrant un spectacle qui exprime leur vision de la culture bretonne
This thesis focuses on the process of choreographic creation of a folk dance performance in Brittany. It is based on fieldwork conducted in Kevrenn Alré, a Breton music and dance ensemble based in Auray in Morbihan, from November 2010 to November 2012. Like most Breton groups, Kevrenn Alré create their show to compete in the annual contest organized by the folk dance organization to which they belong. The research analyses the collective activities and modes of production implemented during the creation of the performance Abenn dimeurh on the theme of the preparations for a wedding in the Auray region around 1900.The ethnographic description of a dance contest and the analysis of Kevrenn Alré's internal dynamics first allow us to understand the group's relationship to its socio-cultural environment and to examine how the competitive framework shapes the creative process of a show. The making of Abenn Dimeurh is then observed by investigating the various steps organized by the choreographers: finding the theme, collecting data, presenting the project to the dancers, making and staging the choreographic score. This observation highlights the way Kevrenn Alré's leaders, in order to carry out their artistic project, must articulate a clearly organized creative process and a collective organization of activities. Throughout the process, various forms of cooperation are initiated, showing that the actors consider the notion of being and working together around a common vision of joint endeavour and shared responsibilities. The analysis shows that the definition of artistic work as a collective activity is operative in the context of Breton folk dance performance, taking into account the specificities of voluntary associations. In this environment, the members of Kevrenn Alré struggle to bring together the pleasure of shared activities and success in the contest. From all this, it emerges that the creative process leaves its imprint on the production by generating a performance that expresses their vision of Breton culture
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Sternelöv, Gustav. "Analysis of forklift data – A process for decimating data and analyzing fork positioning functions." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statistik och maskininlärning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139213.

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Investigated in this thesis are the possibilities and effects of reducing CAN data collected from forklifts. The purpose of reducing the data was to create the possibility of exporting and managing data for multiple forklifts and a relatively long period of time. For doing that was an autoregressive filter implemented for filtering and decimating data. Connected to the decimation was also the aim of generating a data set that could be used for analyzing lift sequences and in particular the usage of fork adjustment functions during lift sequences. The findings in the report are that an AR (18) model works well for filtering and decimating the data. Information losses are unavoidable but kept at a relatively low level, and the size of data becomes manageable. Each row in the decimated data is labeled as belonging to a lift sequence or as not belonging to a lift sequence given a manually specified definition of the lift sequence event. From the lift sequences is information about the lift like number of usages of each fork adjustment function, load weight and fork height gathered. The analysis of the lift sequences gave that the lift/lower function on average is used 4.75 times per lift sequence and the reach function 3.23 times on average. For the side shift the mean is 0.35 per lift sequence and for the tilt the mean is 0.10. Moreover, it was also found that the struggling time on average is about 17 % of the total lift sequence time. The proportion of the lift that is struggling time was also shown to differ between drivers, with the lowest mean proportion being 7 % and the highest 30 %.
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Arzhanov, Alexander. "Gogny-Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov Nuclear Mass Models with Application to r-Process Stellar Nucleosynthesis." Thesis, KTH, Kärnfysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-139303.

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Huan, Junjun. "Wafer-Level Vacuum-Encapsulated Ultra-Low Voltage Tuning Fork MEMS Resonator." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1493253273171541.

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Silva, Érica de Mello. "Espaço de Fock em redes fermiônicas e simetrias de Lie em processos de difusão não-lineares." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/1418.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Física, 2008.
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Neste trabalho estudamos classes de processos estocásticos através do uso de ferramentas fundadas em simetria: exploramos o conceito de representação do espaço de Fock para tratar redes de spin estocásticas e usamos métodos de simetria de Lie para obter equações de transporte generalizadas. Na representação número, desenvolvemos um formalismo para estudar redes fermiônicas, seguindo em paralelo aos métodos utilizados na descrição de bósons. Como aplicação, consideramos o modelo de Glauber linear em d dimensões e deduzimos a magnetização e a função de correlação por pares em termos dos operadores de criação e aniquilação. Com o objetivo de estender uma classe de equações de reação-difusão com coeficiente de difusão logarítmico, utilizamos os procedimentos de simetria de Lie. Partindo inicialmente de uma equação de reação-difusão com álgebra 4-dimensional conhecida, resolvemos o problema inverso, ou seja, encontramos todas as equações em uma dada classe que são invariantes por essa álgebra de simetria. A classe que consideramos primariamente é a de equações de Fokker-Planck não-lineares em que o termo de fonte é um monômio na função de distribuição. Também utilizamos esse procedimento a fim de obter classes de equações de difusão em meio poroso com dependência logarítmica no coeficiente de difusão e nos termos de fonte não-lineares. Adicionalmente, apresentamos soluções invariantes para casos particulares das classes de equações obtidas. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
In this work we address the problem of analyzing stochastic processes through founded symmetry tools: we have explored the concept of Fock space representation to deal with stochastic spin lattices and used the Lie symmetry machinery to obtain generalized transport equations. In the realm of Fock space, we have developed a formalism to treat stochastic fermion-like lattices, following in parallel with the counterpart approach for the case of bosons. As an application, we have considered the d-dimensional linear Glauber model, deriving its magnetization and two-point correlation function in terms of creation and annihilation operators. In order to enlarge a class of transport equations with a logarithmic inhomogeneity of the diffusion coefficient, we have used the symmetry approaches. Starting from a reaction-diffusion equation with 4-dimensional symmetry algebra, we solved the inverse problem, namely, we have found all equations in a given class that are invariant under this symmetry algebra. The class we primary considered is that of nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations for which the source term is a monomial in the distribution function. We have also applied this approach to find a class of porous medium-like equations in which the logarithmic behavior still holds for both diffusity and nonlinear source terms. Some invariant solutions for particular cases of these generalized transport equations are presented.
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Books on the topic "Folk process"

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Sarkar, Amitabha. Religious belief and practices: A portrayal of the integrative process. New Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan, 2010.

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Dasgupta, Samira, 1953- , joint author., ed. Religious belief and practices: A portrayal of the integrative process. New Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan, 2010.

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Prasad, Onkar. Santal music: A study in pattern and process of cultural persistence. New Delhi: Inter-India Publications, 1985.

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Björkholm, Johanna. Immateriellt kulturarv som begrepp och process: Folkloristiska perspektiv på kulturarv i Finlands svenskbygder med folkmusik som exempel. Åbo: Åbo akademis förlag, 2011.

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Bo, Almqvist, Ó Catháin Séamas, and Ó Héalaí Pádraig, eds. The heroic process: Form, function, and fantasy in folk epic : the proceedings of the International Folk Epic Conference, University College, Dublin, 2-6 September 1985. Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, Ireland: Glendale Press, 1987.

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International Folk Epic Conference (1985 University College, Dublin). The heroic process: Form, function and fantasy in folk epic : the proceedings of the International Folk Epic Conference, University College Dublin, 2-6 September 1985. Dublin: The Glendale Press, 1987.

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Ampene, Kwasi. Female song tradition and the Akan of Ghana: The creative process in Nnwonkoro. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2004.

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Kakan, Crispin Agweyo. The use of folk media for community motivation: A process and experience in the promotion of family planning and health. Nairobi, Kenya: Family Planning Private Sector Programme, 1988.

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Min jian wen hua yu gong min she hui: Zhongguo xian dai li cheng de wen hua yan jiu = Folk culture and civil society : cultural studies of Chinese modern process. Beijing Shi: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2008.

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Min jian wen hua yu gong min she hui: Zhongguo xian dai li cheng de wen hua yan jiu = Folk culture and civil society : cultural studies of Chinese modern process. Beijing Shi: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Folk process"

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Hidayati, Syafitri, F. Merlin Franco, Bibi Aminah Abdul Ghani, Beena Giridharan, and Mohd Zafri Hassan. "Folk Fish Names Are Condensed Forms of Traditional Knowledge: Case Study with the Vaie People of Sarawak, Malaysia." In Case Studies in Biocultural Diversity from Southeast Asia, 227–58. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6719-0_8.

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AbstractFolk names that form the backbone of folk biological classifications are coined using traditional knowledge and linguistic mechanisms. In the process, traditional knowledge on the salient characteristics of the denoted taxa gets encoded in their respective names. In this chapter, we present 132 folk names used by the Vaie community of Sarawak, Malaysia to denote the fish known to them. Based on the apparency of traditional knowledge encoded by these names, we classify them into barefaced and cryptic. We found 61 Vaie fish names encoding traditional knowledge related to ecology, morphology, quality, and utility values of the respective taxa. Of these, 21 names were found to be cryptic (metaphors—11; metonyms—10), and the rest barefaced. Cryptic names such as metonyms and metaphors often encode traditional knowledge that spans beyond the taxon denoted. Folk names encoding traditional knowledge are indicative of the larger body of traditional knowledge held by local communities.
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Bananuka, Twine H., Tiina Kontinen, and Katariina Holma. "Climbing the Ladder? Community Perspectives on Learning to Be a Good Citizen in Uganda." In Learning, Philosophy, and African Citizenship, 197–213. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94882-5_11.

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AbstractThis chapter examines the ways in which members of a rural community in Western Uganda perceive and conceptualize diverse ways of learning to be a good citizen. It analyzes data generated by means of a tool called the ‘ladder of citizenship’, which facilitated explication of local ideas concerning good citizenship, and reflections on how one can ‘climb the ladder’, thus learning to be a better citizen. The chapter draws on, first, the concept of cultural citizenship, which understands citizenship as a continuous learning process that takes place through interaction in informal settings, and second, the notion of folk pedagogies that refers to people’s own conceptualizations of learning. The chapter establishes how the idea of good citizenship revolves mainly around one’s role in the local community. It further identifies five categories of participants’ ideas of learning citizenship, including heredity (obuzalirwaana), religion (ediini), copying and observation (kukopa), challenges (ebizibu) and education and training (kusomesebwa).
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Pogiatzis, Antreas, and Georgios Samakovitis. "A Systematic Local Fork Management Framework for Blockchain Sandbox Environments." In Business Process Management: Blockchain, Robotic Process Automation, and Central and Eastern Europe Forum, 36–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16168-1_3.

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Nishimura, Tamako. "Making the Neural Plate to Fold into a Tube." In New Principles in Developmental Processes, 123–36. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54634-4_10.

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Leyton, Michael. "Five-Fold Part-Formation Operators in the Symmetry-Restricted Interactive Unfoldings of EA 5 and EA −5." In Process Grammar: The Basis of Morphology, 461–537. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1815-3_13.

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Nualart, David, and Josep Vives. "Anticipative calculus for the poisson process based on the fock space." In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 155–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0083763.

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Duffy, Geraldine. "Detecting and Tracking Emerging Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria from Farm to Fork." In Safety of Meat and Processed Meat, 447–59. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89026-5_17.

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Sarangam, Sasikanth, and Kundeti Saranya Chandana Priya. "Range of Fermented Fish Products Across the Globe." In Technological Processes for Marine Foods, From Water to Fork, 183–216. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2019. | Series: Innovations in agricultural and: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429425271-10.

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Singh, Lochan, Kshitiz Kumar, and Vijay Singh Sharanagat. "Waste Management in Processing of Marine Foods." In Technological Processes for Marine Foods, From Water to Fork, 219–70. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2019. | Series: Innovations in agricultural and: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429425271-12.

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Shruthy, Ramesh, and Radhakrishnan Preetha. "Utilization of Fish and Shellfish Byproducts from Marine Food Industries: Benefits and Challenges." In Technological Processes for Marine Foods, From Water to Fork, 271–88. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2019. | Series: Innovations in agricultural and: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429425271-13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Folk process"

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Magomedovna, Rashidova Zoya. "IMPLEMENTATION OF PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL FOLK ART IN THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS." In Folk arts and crafts of the Russian Federation. ALEF, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33580/978-5-00128-340-9-2019-157-159.

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Valeeva, A. K. "The use of folk proverbs in the educational process of modern preschool educational institutions." In Scientific Trends: pedagogy and psychology. ЦНК МОАН, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sciencepublic-04-12-2019-03.

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Chu Xuan, Duc, and Thanh Pham Nam. "Folk Culture, Characteristics and Role of the Process of Protecting Intellectual Property Rights for Folklore Works in Vietnam." In XVII International Research-to-Practice Conference dedicated to the memory of M.I. Kovalyov (ICK 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200321.118.

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Motornaya, Svetlana Evgenievna, and Mikhail Fedorovich Yushutin. "DOUBLE BASS BALALAIKA IN THE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DYNAMICS OF THE PERSONALITY FORMATION." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign International Scientific Conference «Trends in the development of science and Global challenges» by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with AFP. April 2022. – Managua (Nicaragua). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/man2.2022.63.36.002.

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The article substantiates the need of personality formation in the culture space in general and in the folk musical art space in particular. The important condition for the stability and prosperity of society is its familiarization with culture in the personal process of becoming a family member and in the educational process at all levels. The importance of observing the Nature laws as an apodictic basis for creating the natural sounding of instruments in a Russian folk orchestra is analyzed. The role of the double bass balalaika sound for the formation of a person, his sustainable development, understanding the goals and life motives, as well as achieving happiness and harmony is highlighted.
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Fominskaya, V. O., and N. I. Anufriyeva. "FOLK SONG TRADITION AS A SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT TOOL IN THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING THE PERSONALITY OF THE VALUES OF MODERN ART AND CULTURE." In XIV International Social Congress. Russian State Social University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15216/rgsu-xiv-443.

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LI, SHAN, and SHENG-DONG YUE. "THE VIGOROUS SINGING THROUGH HISTORY—AN INVESTIGATION REPORT OF RONG COUNTY'S CARRYING WORKERS’ CHANT." In 2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35729.

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Carrying workers’ chant in Rong County, a county in Zigong city of Sichuan province, has a long history. It is an ancient traditional music culture created and developed by working people in the process of long-term collaborative labor. The carrying workers’ chant on this piece of land is indispensable in people’s daily labor and maintains close contact with production and life. It organically combines folk music with strong physical labor, which has both musical beauty and labor beauty, and has a wealth of cultural connotation. Through long-term field investigations and visits, we start with the historical background, ontological characteristics, main artistic features, living space and other aspects of the carrying workers’ chant in Rong County, and dig out and interpret its cultural and spiritual connotations based on case analysis. Rong County is located in the southwest of Zigong City. The area is influenced by the salt industry culture and the content of folk music is rich and diverse. "Carrying workers’ chant" is a representative of local folk music, among which the chant of carrying stones and carrying workers’ chant of mourning are particularly famous. In 2016, "Salt Workers’ chanting" became the fifth batch of intangible cultural heritage in Zigong City. As the representative work of "Salt Workers’ chant in Zigong", "Carrying workers’ chant" is very necessary to be carried out through systematic investigation and research.
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Slipetskaya, D. R., V. V. Martynov, and N. V. Martynova. "TO THE QUESTION OF RELEVANCE OF STUDYING ORNAMENTAL ART OF PRIAMURYE IN THE SYSTEM OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION IN ART." In INNOVATIONS IN THE SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE. Amur State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/iss.2020.18.

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The article is devoted to the study of the problems of generating interest in the folk art of the Amur region, which allows it to be considered in conditions of additional art education at the level of familiarization with the history of origin and classification of works, teaching ornamental art, interpretation of such with a view to self-realization of students in the creative process, their self-development and cultural identification.
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Liu, Limei. "THE RESEARCH ON THE SOURCES OF CHINESE MATERIALS IN JAPANESE THE LEGENDS OF TŌNO." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.40.

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Tono Monogatari, published in 1910, is the pioneering and classic work of Yanagida Kunio, the father of modern Japanese folklore. Using Tono Monogatari as the starting point, Yanagida himself created the Japanese folklore, which the Japanese are proud of. Japanese academic circles have always regarded Tono Monogatari as a record of the local folk in Tono, Northeast Japan. Even Zhou Zuoren, who first got acquainted with this book in Japan, regarded it as a work of purely Japanese local studies. This article first starts with the text of Tono Monogatari, examines the relationship between its “Chinese style” and Chinese culture, and points out the Chinese cultural influence. On this basis the author traced the source of certain stories in Tono Monogatari, analyzed the way and process of these Chinese materials spread to Japan, and the changes that occurred after they were incorporated into Japanese folklore. By finding out that Tono Story has derived from many aspects of Chinese culture, it refutes the academic view that Tono Story is a pure Japanese folk heritage.
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Cara, Nadejda. "Ethnic peculiarities of fairy tale folklore of the bulgarians from Moldova as an element of traditional culture in a regional manifestation." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.16.

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The article presents some research approaches to the fairy-tale folklore of Bulgarians from the Republic of Moldova. According to the author, the fairy-tales texts of Bulgarians from the Republic of Moldova, their semantic, symbolic, and structural features should be researched as a local (regional) variant of Bulgarian folklore. Identification of ethnocultural markers in the fairy-tales of local Bulgarians on some different levels (such as on the subject, ethno-social and spiritual (church-religious) level) will allow to identify some peculiarities in the adaptation process of Bulgarians that migrated to a new ethnocultural zone, as well as to identify the level of preservation of basic ethnic mentality under the conditions of new “mental environment”. Thus, the study of regional ethnic culture is an interdisciplinary research, which allows discovering how localization in time and space affects ethnic culture, in general, and oral folk art, in particular.
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Кара, Надежда. "Этнические особенности сказочного фольклора болгар Молдовы как элемент традиционной культуры в региональном проявлении." In Simpozionul Național de Studii Culturale, Ediția a 2-a. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975352147.27.

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The article presents some research approaches to the fairy-tale folklore of Bulgarians from the Republic of Moldova. According to author, the fairy-tales texts of Bulgarians from the Republic of Moldova, their semantic, symbolic, and structural features should be researched as a local (regional) variant of Bulgarian folklore. Identification of ethno-cultural markers in the fairy-tales of local Bulgarians on some different levels (such as on the subject, ethno-social and spiritual (church-religious) level) will allow to identify some peculiarities in the adaptation process of Bulgarians that migrated in a new ethnocultural zone. As well as to identify the level of preservation of basic ethnic mentality under conditions of new “mental environment”. Thus, the studying of regional ethnic culture is an interdisciplinary research, which allows to discover how localization in time and space affects ethnic culture in general and oral folk art in particular.
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Reports on the topic "Folk process"

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Zerrad, Essaid. Generalized Hartree-Fock Approach to the (e,2e) Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434300.

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Brodsky, Stanley J. Exclusive Processes in Quantum Chromodynamics and the Light-Cone Fock Representation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/784781.

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Brodsky, Stanley J. Exclusive Processes in Quantum Chromodynamics and the Light-Cone Fock Representation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/784811.

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Law, Edward, Samuel Gan-Mor, Hazel Wetzstein, and Dan Eisikowitch. Electrostatic Processes Underlying Natural and Mechanized Transfer of Pollen. United States Department of Agriculture, May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1998.7613035.bard.

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The project objective was to more fully understand how the motion of pollen grains may be controlled by electrostatic forces, and to develop a reliable mechanized pollination system based upon sound electrostatic and aerodynamic principles. Theoretical and experimental analyses and computer simulation methods which investigated electrostatic aspects of natural pollen transfer by insects found that: a) actively flying honeybees accumulate ~ 23 pC average charge (93 pC max.) which elevates their bodies to ~ 47 V likely by triboelectrification, inducing ~ 10 fC of opposite charge onto nearby pollen grains, and overcoming their typically 0.3-3.9 nN detachment force resulting in non-contact electrostatic pollen transfer across a 5 mm or greater air gap from anther-to-bee, thus providing a theoretical basis for earlier experimental observations and "buzz pollination" events; b) charge-relaxation characteristics measured for flower structural components (viz., 3 ns and 25 ns time constants, respectively, for the stigma-style vs. waxy petal surfaces) ensure them to be electrically appropriate targets for electrodeposition of charged pollen grains but not differing sufficiently to facilitate electrodynamic focusing onto the stigma; c) conventional electrostatic focusing beneficially concentrates pollen-deposition electric fields onto the pistill tip by 3-fold as compared to that onto underlying flower structures; and d) pollen viability is adequately maintained following exposure to particulate charging/management fields exceeding 2 MV/m. Laboratory- and field-scale processes/prototype machines for electrostatic application of pollen were successfully developed to dispense pollen in both a dry-powder phase and in a liquid-carried phase utilizing corona, triboelectric, and induction particulate-charging methods; pollen-charge levels attained (~ 1-10 mC/kg) provide pollen-deposition forces 10-, 77-, and 100-fold greater than gravity, respectively, for such charged pollen grains subjected to a 1 kV/cm electric field. Lab and field evaluations have documented charged vs. ukncharged pollen deposition to be significantly (a = 0.01-0.05) increased by 3.9-5.6 times. Orchard trials showed initial fruit set on branches individually treated with electrostatically applied pollen to typically increase up to ~ 2-fold vs. uncharged pollen applications; however, whole-tree applications have not significantly shown similar levels of benefit and corrective measures continue. Project results thus contribute important basic knowledge and applied electrostatics technology which will provide agriculture with alternative/supplemental mechanized pollination systems as tranditional pollen-transfer vectors are further endangered by natural and man-fade factors.
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Crispin, Darla. Artistic Research as a Process of Unfolding. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.503395.

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As artistic research work in various disciplines and national contexts continues to develop, the diversity of approaches to the field becomes ever more apparent. This is to be welcomed, because it keeps alive ideas of plurality and complexity at a particular time in history when the gross oversimplifications and obfuscations of political discourses are compromising the nature of language itself, leading to what several commentators have already called ‘a post-truth’ world. In this brutal environment where ‘information’ is uncoupled from reality and validated only by how loudly and often it is voiced, the artist researcher has a responsibility that goes beyond the confines of our discipline to articulate the truth-content of his or her artistic practice. To do this, they must embrace daring and risk-taking, finding ways of communicating that flow against the current norms. In artistic research, the empathic communication of information and experience – and not merely the ‘verbally empathic’ – is a sign of research transferability, a marker for research content. But this, in some circles, is still a heretical point of view. Research, in its more traditional manifestations mistrusts empathy and individually-incarnated human experience; the researcher, although a sentient being in the world, is expected to behave dispassionately in their professional discourse, and with a distrust for insights that come primarily from instinct. For the construction of empathic systems in which to study and research, our structures still need to change. So, we need to work toward a new world (one that is still not our idea), a world that is symptomatic of what we might like artistic research to be. Risk is one of the elements that helps us to make the conceptual twist that turns subjective, reflexive experience into transpersonal, empathic communication and/or scientifically-viable modes of exchange. It gives us something to work with in engaging with debates because it means that something is at stake. To propose a space where such risks may be taken, I shall revisit Gillian Rose’s metaphor of ‘the fold’ that I analysed in the first Symposium presented by the Arne Nordheim Centre for Artistic Research (NordART) at the Norwegian Academy of Music in November 2015. I shall deepen the exploration of the process of ‘unfolding’, elaborating on my belief in its appropriateness for artistic research work; I shall further suggest that Rose’s metaphor provides a way to bridge some of the gaps of understanding that have already developed between those undertaking artistic research and those working in the more established music disciplines.
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Whitehead, Martha, Dale Askey, Donna Bourne-Tyson, Karen Estlund, Susan Haigh, Claire Stewart, Kornelia Tancheva, Tyler Walters, Jennifer Muilenburg, and Judy Ruttenberg. ARL/CARL Joint Task Force on Research Data Services: Final Report. Association of Research Libraries and Canadian Association of Research Libraries, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.arlcarlrdstaskforce2021.

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The Association of Research Libraries (ARL)/Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL) Joint Task Force on Research Data Services formed in 2020 with a two-fold purpose: (1) to demonstrate and commit to the roles research libraries have in stewarding research data and as part of institution-wide research support services and (2) to guide the development of resources for the ARL and CARL memberships in advancing their organizations as collaborative partners with respect to research data services in the context of FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data principles and the US National Academies’ Open Science by Design framework. Research libraries will be successful in meeting these objectives if they act collectively and are deeply engaged with disciplinary communities. The task force formed three working groups of data practitioners, representing a wealth of expertise, to research the institutional landscape and policy environment in both the US and Canada. This report presents the task force’s recommendations for the roles of research libraries with regard to research data principles, policies, and approaches to managing research data. The report also offers strategies for discipline-specific research data approaches, priorities for automation of processes, economic models to scale and sustain shared resources, prioritization of research data to steward, and decision-making rubrics.
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Ehrlich, Marcelo, John S. Parker, and Terence S. Dermody. Development of a Plasmid-Based Reverse Genetics System for the Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses to Allow a Comparative Characterization of the Function of the NS3 Viroporin in Viral Egress. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699840.bard.

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Project Title: "Development of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for the Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease viruses to allow comparative characterization of the function of the NS3 viroporin in viral egress". Project details: No - IS-4192-09; Participants – Ehrlich M. (Tel Aviv University), Parker J.S. (Cornell University), DermodyT.S. (Vanderbilt University); Period - 2009-2013. Orbiviruses are insect-borne infectious agents of ruminants that cause diseases with considerable economical impact in Israel and the United States. The recent outbreaks of BTV in Europe and of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) in Israel, underscore the need for: (i) a better comprehension of the infection process of orbiviruses, (ii) the identification of unique vs. common traits among different orbiviruses, (iii) the development of novel diagnosis and treatment techniques and approaches; all aimed at the achievement of more effective control and treatment measures. It is the context of these broad goals that the present project was carried out. To fulfill our long-term goal of identifying specific viral determinants of virulence, growth, and transmission of the orbiviruses, we proposed to: (i) develop reverse genetics systems for BTV and EHDV2-Ibaraki; and (ii) identify the molecular determinants of the NS3 nonstructural protein related to viroporin/viral egress activities. The first objective was pursued with a two-pronged approach: (i) development of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for BTV-17, and (ii) development of an "in-vitro" transcription-based reverse genetics system for EHDV2-Ibaraki. Both approaches encountered technical problems that hampered their achievement. However, dissection of the possible causes of the failure to achieve viral spread of EHDV2-Ibaraki, following the transfection of in-vitro transcribed genomic segments of the virus, revealed a novel characteristic of EHDV2-Ibaraki infection: an uncharacteristically low fold increase in titer upon infection of different cell models. To address the function and regulation of NS3 we employed the following approaches: (i) development (together with Anima Cell Metrology) of a novel technique (based on the transfection of fluorescently-labeledtRNAs) that allows for the detection of the levels of synthesis of individual viral proteins (i.e. NS3) in single cells; (ii) development of a siRNA-mediated knockdown approach for the reduction in levels of expression of NS3 in EHDV2-Ibaraki infected cells; (iii) biochemical and microscopy-based analysis of the localization, levels and post-translational modifications of NS3 in infected cells. In addition, we identified the altered regulation and spatial compartmentalization of protein synthesis in cells infected with EHDV2-Ibaraki or the mammalian reovirus. In EHDV2-Ibaraki-infected cells such altered regulation in protein synthesis occurs in the context of a cell stress reponse that includes the induction of apoptosis, autophagy and activation of the stressrelated kinase c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK). Interestingly, inhibition of such stress-related cellular processes diminishes the production of infectious virions, suggesting that EHDV usurps these responses for the benefit of efficient infection. Taken together, while the present project fell short of the generation of novel reverse genetics systems for orbiviruses, the development of novel experimental approaches and techniques, and their employment in the analysis of EHDV-infected cells, yielded novel insights in the interactions of orbiviruses with mammalian cells.
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Poverenov, Elena, Tara McHugh, and Victor Rodov. Waste to Worth: Active antimicrobial and health-beneficial food coating from byproducts of mushroom industry. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600015.bard.

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Background. In this proposal we suggest developing a common solution for three seemingly unrelated acute problems: (1) improving sustainability of fast-growing mushroom industry producing worldwide millions of tons of underutilized leftovers; (2) alleviating the epidemic of vitamin D deficiency adversely affecting the public health in both countries and in other regions; (3) reducing spoilage of perishable fruit and vegetable products leading to food wastage. Based on our previous experience we propose utilizing appropriately processed mushroom byproducts as a source of two valuable bioactive materials: antimicrobial and wholesome polysaccharide chitosan and health-strengthening nutrient ergocalciferol⁽ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2⁾. ᴬᵈᵈⁱᵗⁱᵒⁿᵃˡ ᵇᵉⁿᵉᶠⁱᵗ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉˢᵉ ᵐᵃᵗᵉʳⁱᵃˡˢ ⁱˢ ᵗʰᵉⁱʳ ᵒʳⁱᵍⁱⁿ ᶠʳᵒᵐ ⁿᵒⁿ⁻ᵃⁿⁱᵐᵃˡ ᶠᵒᵒᵈ⁻ᵍʳᵃᵈᵉ source. We proposed using chitosan and vitamin D as ingredients in active edible coatings on two model foods: highly perishable fresh-cut melon and less perishable health bars. Objectives and work program. The general aim of the project is improving storability, safety and health value of foods by developing and applying a novel active edible coating based on utilization of mushroom industry leftovers. The work plan includes the following tasks: (a) optimizing the UV-B treatment of mushroom leftover stalks to enrich them with vitamin D without compromising chitosan quality - Done; (b) developing effective extraction procedures to yield chitosan and vitamin D from the stalks - Done; (c) utilizing LbL approach to prepare fungal chitosan-based edible coatings with optimal properties - Done; (d) enrichment of the coating matrix with fungal vitamin D utilizing molecular encapsulation and nano-encapsulation approaches - Done, it was found that no encapsulation methods are needed to enrich chitosan matrix with vitamin D; (e) testing the performance of the coating for controlling spoilage of fresh cut melons - Done; (f) testing the performance of the coating for nutritional enhancement and quality preservation of heath bars - Done. Achievements. In this study numerous results were achieved. Mushroom waste, leftover stalks, was treated ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵁⱽ⁻ᴮ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵗʳᵉᵃᵗᵐᵉⁿᵗ ⁱⁿᵈᵘᶜᵉˢ ᵃ ᵛᵉʳʸ ʰⁱᵍʰ ᵃᶜᶜᵘᵐᵘˡᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2, ᶠᵃʳ ᵉˣᶜᵉᵉᵈⁱⁿᵍ any other dietary vitamin D source. The straightforward vitamin D extraction procedure and ᵃ ˢⁱᵐᵖˡⁱᶠⁱᵉᵈ ᵃⁿᵃˡʸᵗⁱᶜᵃˡ ᵖʳᵒᵗᵒᶜᵒˡ ᶠᵒʳ ᵗⁱᵐᵉ⁻ᵉᶠᶠⁱᶜⁱᵉⁿᵗ ᵈᵉᵗᵉʳᵐⁱⁿᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2 ᶜᵒⁿᵗᵉⁿᵗ suitable for routine product quality control were developed. Concerning the fungal chitosan extraction, new freeze-thawing protocol was developed, tested on three different mushroom sources and compared to the classic protocol. The new protocol resulted in up to 2-fold increase in the obtained chitosan yield, up to 3-fold increase in its deacetylation degree, high whitening index and good antimicrobial activity. The fungal chitosan films enriched with Vitamin D were prepared and compared to the films based on animal origin chitosan demonstrating similar density, porosity and water vapor permeability. Layer-by-layer chitosan-alginate electrostatic deposition was used to coat fruit bars. The coatings helped to preserve the quality and increase the shelf-life of fruit bars, delaying degradation of ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity loss as well as reducing bar softening. Microbiological analyses also showed a delay in yeast and fungal growth when compared with single layer coatings of fungal or animal chitosan or alginate. Edible coatings were also applied on fresh-cut melons and provided significant improvement of physiological quality (firmness, weight ˡᵒˢˢ⁾, ᵐⁱᶜʳᵒᵇⁱᵃˡ ˢᵃᶠᵉᵗʸ ⁽ᵇᵃᶜᵗᵉʳⁱᵃ, ᵐᵒˡᵈ, ʸᵉᵃˢᵗ⁾, ⁿᵒʳᵐᵃˡ ʳᵉˢᵖⁱʳᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵖʳᵒᶜᵉˢˢ ⁽Cᴼ2, ᴼ²⁾ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵈⁱᵈ not cause off-flavor (EtOH). It was also found that the performance of edible coating from fungal stalk leftovers does not concede to the chitosan coatings sourced from animal or good quality mushrooms. Implications. The proposal helped attaining triple benefit: valorization of mushroom industry byproducts; improving public health by fortification of food products with vitamin D from natural non-animal source; and reducing food wastage by using shelf- life-extending antimicrobial edible coatings. New observations with scientific impact were found. The program resulted in 5 research papers. Several effective and straightforward procedures that can be adopted by mushroom growers and food industries were developed. BARD Report - Project 4784
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9

Yaron, Zvi, Abigail Elizur, Martin Schreibman, and Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695841.bard.

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Both the genes and cDNA sequences encoding the b-subunits of black carp LH and FSH were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of the bcFSHb and LHb5'flanking regions revealed that the promoter region of both genes contains canonical TATA sequences, 30 bp and 17 bp upstream of the transcription start site of FSHb and LHb genes, respectively. In addition, they include several sequences of cis-acting motifs, required for inducible and tissue-specific transcriptional regulation: the gonadotropin-specific element (GSE), GnRH responsive element (GRE), half sites of estrogen and androgen response elements, cAMP response element, and AP1. Several methods have been employed by the Israeli team to purify the recombinant b subunits (EtOH precipitation, gel filtration and lentil lectin). While the final objective to produce pure recombinantGtH subunits has not yet been achieved, we have covered much ground towards this goal. The black carp ovary showed a gradual increase in both mass and oocyte diameter. First postvitellogenic oocytes were found in 5 yr old fish. At this age, the testes already contained spermatozoa. The circulating LH levels increased from 0.5 ng/ml in 4 yr old fish to >5ng/ml in 5 yr old fish. In vivo challenge experiments in black carp showed the initial LH response of the pituitary to GnRH in 4 yr old fish. The response was further augmented in 5 yr old fish. The increase in estradiol level in response to gonadotropic stimulation was first noted in 4 yr old fish but this response was much stronger in the following year. In vivo experiments on the FSHb and LHb mRNA levels in response to GnRH were carried out on common carp as a model for synchronom spawning cyprinids. These experiments showed the prevalence of FSHP in maturing fish while LHP mRNA was prevalent in mature fish, especially in females. The gonadal fat-pad was found to originate from the retroperitoneal mesoderm and not from the genital ridge, thus differing from that reported in certain amphibians This tissue possibly serves as the major source of sex steroids in the immature black carp. However, such a function is taken over by the developing gonads in 4 yr old fish. In the striped bass, we described the ontogeny of the neuro-endocrine parameters along the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis during the first four years of life, throughout gonadal development and the onset of puberty. We also described the responsiveness of the reproductive axis to long-term hormonal manipulations at various stages of gonadal development. Most males reached complete sexual maturity during the first year of life. Puberty was initiated during the third year of life in most females, but this first reproductive cycle did not lead to the acquisition of full sexual maturity. This finding indicates that more than one reproductive cycle may be required before adulthood is reached. Out of the three native GnRHs present in striped bass, only sbGnRH and cGnRH II increased concomitantly with the progress of gonadal development and the onset of puberty. This finding, together with data on GtH synthesis and release, suggests that while sbGnRH and cGnRH II may be involved in the regulation of puberty in striped bass, these neuropeptides are not limiting factors to the onset of puberty. Plasma LH levels remained low in all fish, suggesting that LH plays only a minor role in early gonadal development. This hypothesis was further supported by the finding that experimentally elevated plasma LH levels did not result in the induction of complete ovarian and testicular development. The acquisition of complete puberty in 4 yr old females was associated with a rise in the mRNA levels of all GtH subunit genes, including a 218-fold increase in the mRNA levels of bFSH. mRNA levels of the a and PLH subunits increased only 11- and 8-fold, respectively. Although data on plasma FSH levels are unavailable, the dramatic increase in bFSH mRNA suggests a pivotal role for this hormone in regulating the onset and completion of puberty in striped bass. The hormonal regulation of the onset of puberty and of GtH synthesis and release was studied by chronic administration of testosterone (T) and/or an analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (G). Sustained administration of T+G increased the mRNA levels of the PLH subunit to the values characteristic of sexually mature fish, and also increased the plasma levels of LH. However, these changes did not result in the acceleration of sexual maturation. The mRNA levels of the bFSH subunit were slightly stimulated, but remained about 1/10 of the values characteristic of sexually mature fish. It is concluded that the stimulation of FSH gene expression and release does not lead to the acceleration of sexual maturity, and that the failure to sufficiently stimulate the bFSH subunit gene expression may underlie the inability of the treatments to advance sexual maturity. Consequently, FSH is suggested to be the key hormone to the initiation and completion of puberty in striped bass. Future efforts to induce precocious puberty in striped bass should focus on understanding the regulation of FSH synthesis and release and on developing technologies to induce these processes. Definite formulation of hormonal manipulation to advance puberty in the striped bass and the black carp seems to be premature at this stage. However, the project has already yielded a great number of experimental tools of DNA technology, slow-release systems and endocrine information on the process of puberty. These systems and certain protocols have been already utilized successfully to advance maturation in other fish (e.g. grey mullet) and will form a base for further study on fish puberty.
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10

Kanner, Joseph, Dennis Miller, Ido Bartov, John Kinsella, and Stella Harel. The Effect of Dietary Iron Level on Lipid Peroxidation of Muscle Food. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604282.bard.

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Biological oxidations are almost exclusively metal ion-promoted reactions and in ths respect iron, being the most abundant, is the commonly involved. The effect of dietary iron levels on pork, turkey and chick muscle lipid peroxidation and various other related compounds were evaluated. Crossbred feeder pigs were fed to market weight on corn-soy rations containing either 62, 131 or 209 ppm iron. After slaughter, the muscles were dissected, cooked and stored at 4°C. Heavily fortifying swine rations with iron (>200 ppm) increase nn-heme iron (NHI), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and decrease a-tocopherol in cooked stored pork but did not increase warmed-over aroma (WOA). NHI and TBARS were higher in cooked pork from pigs fed high-iron diets. Liver iron correlated with muscle iron. TBARS were strongly related with WOA. The role of dietary vitamin E and ascorbic acid on Fe-induced in vivo lipid peroxidation in swine was also evaluated. Moderate elevation in iron stores had a marked effect on oxidative stress, especially as indicated by liver TBARS. Supplemental vitamin E, and to a lesser extent vitamin C, protect against this oxidative stress. Unsupplementation of Fe in the regular diet of turkeys did not affect body weight, blood hemoglobin level, or iron pool in the liver or muscle. The reason being that it contained "natural" ~120 mg Fe/kg feed, and this amount is high enough to keep constant the pool of iron in the body, liver or muscle tissues. Only Fe-supplementation with high amounts of Fe (500 ppm) significantly increased turkey blood hemoglobin and total iron in the liver, in 1 out of 3 experiments, but only slightly affects iron pool in the muscles. It seems that the liver accumulates very high concentations of iron and significantly regulates iron concentration in skeletal muscles. For this reason, it was very difficult to decrease muscle stability in turkeys through a diet containing high levels of Fe-supplementation. It was shown that the significant increase in the amount of iron (total and "free") in the muscle by injections with Fe-dextran accelerated its lipid peroxidation rate and decreased its a-tocopherol concentration. The level and metabolism of iron in the muscles affects the intensity of in vivo lipid peroxidation. This process was found to ifluence the turnover and accumulation of a-tocopherol in turkey and chick muscles. Treatments which could significantly decrease the amount and metabolism of iron pool in muscle tissues (or other organs) may affect the rate of lipid peroxidation and the turnover of a-tocopherol. Several defense enzymes were determined and found in the turkey muscle, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase was more active in muscles with a high trend of lipid peroxidation, lmore so in drumsticks than in breast muscles, or muscles with a low a-tocopherol content. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased several fold in muscle stored at 4°C. Our work demonstrated that it will be much more practical to increase the stability of muscle tissues in swine, turkeys and chickens during storage and processing by increasing the amount of vitamin E in the diet than by withdrawing iron supplementation.
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