Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Folic acid in human nutrition'
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Strahley, Monica L. "Nutrition awareness of folic acid among Thai women." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1259752.
Full textDepartment of Family and Consumer Sciences
Holmes, William Barnett. "Characterization of yeast methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase and study of the requirement for formylation of initiator tRNAfmet in yeast mitochondria /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008353.
Full text"Fmet" after tRNA in title is superscript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-119). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.
Tshitaudzi, Gilbert Tshimangadzo. "Nutritional status of pregnant women (under 20 years of age) with special emphasis on iron and folic acid status." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53529.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Pregnancy and growth have been found to have a detrimental effect on the micronutrient status of adolescent girls. Dietary studies in adolescents have shown serious shortfalls in their dietary iron and folate intake. The competition for nutrients between the fetus and a pregnant adolescent may carry the risk of complications such as intrauterine growth retardation, pre-eclampsia, both maternal and fetal intrapartum mortality, the increased risk of birth injuries and low birth weight. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status of rural black, pregnant teenagers attending the antenatal clinic at Siloam Hospital in the Limpopo Province, with special emphasis on iron and folic acid intake, and evaluation of the newborn babies in terms of weight status and neural tube defects. The nutritional status was determined in 40 pregnant and 40 non-pregnant adolescent girls. The pregnant girls were selected during their first visit to the antenatal clinic, and the non-pregnant girls were selected from nearby schools. The demographic and dietary history questionnaires were used to collect information from the subjects. The dietary intake of the subjects was collected by the completion of a pre-tested quantified food frequency questionnaire. The anthropometric questionnaire was used to get information from the pregnant adolescents and the control group. The infant anthropometric measurements questionnaire provided information on the infant and the outcome of birth. Blood was collected from the pregnant adolescent girls and the control subjects. Anaemia was observed in 57.5% of the pregnant and 27.5% of the non-pregnant adolescents (haemoglobin
Leininger, Dawn. "Consumption and knowledge of folate among college students /." View online, 1998. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211130891409.pdf.
Full textStahlhut, Lynn M. "Folic acid : consumption and knowledge for the prevention of neural tube defects among college-aged women /." View online, 2004. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131180526.pdf.
Full textHersey, Sarah Koltenbah. "The effect of folate intake and extended lactation on material serum, red cell and milk folate status." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041901.
Full textDepartment of Family and Consumer Sciences
Morkel, Ryan Andrew. "Vitamin B12 and folate enrichment of kefir by Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Streptococcus thermophilus strains." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2339.
Full textIn South Africa malnutrition exists due to inadequate dietary intake of micronutrients which is one of the major causes of vitamin deficiencies leading to disease. The treatment of malnutrition over the past years has been a considerable burden on the South African economy. Therefore, food fortification is one of the current strategies used to minimize malnutrition by increasing the nutritional value of staple foods. Commercial dairy products and pharmaceutical nutritional products (food supplements) in South Africa have been developed and produced for affluent consumers. Hence the need to develop an affordable fortified dairy product for the majority of South Africans prompted this study aimed at using a “naturally” fortified kefir beverage with vitamin B12 and folate to increase B-vitamins levels. Since Propionibacterium freudenreichii and Streptococcus thermophilus are known to be good producers of vitamin B12 and folate, respectively, and propionibacteria has the ability to grow symbiotically in the presence of lactic acid bacteria, the inclusion of these organisms with the kefir grains was an achievable objective. In order to conduct the analysis of vitamin B12 and folate in the samples, sample extraction and HPLC assay techniques were developed. The extraction of vitamin B12 and folate were achieved by using KCN extraction buffer and the trienzymatic method, respectively. The samples were also subjected to purification and concentration using solid phase extraction for optimum results. All standards and samples were flushed with nitrogen gas and stored for a maximum of 2 weeks at –20°C to prevent B-vitamin deterioration. The HPLC assembly for the vitamin B12 analysis included a Luna C18 column and a diode array detector (DAD) for the detection and quantification. For the folate analysis it included a Zorbax SB-C18 and Luna C18 columns in tandem and the fluorescence detector (FLD) was used for the detection and quantification of THF, 5-CH3-THF and 5-CHO-THF, while the DAD was used for PGA and pteroyltri-γ-L-glutamic acid concentration in the samples.
Kilker, Katie P. "Is Knowing Half the Battle? An Examination of the Relationship between Folic Acid Knowledge and Awareness and Daily Supplementation with Folic Acid among 18 to 24 year old Women Who are Not Contemplating Pregnancy." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07232007-152434/.
Full textTitle from file title page. Russ Toal, committee chair; Catherine McCarroll, Joseph Mulinare, committee members. Electronic text (83 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Jan 8, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-83).
Strålsjö, Lena. "Folates in berries : evaluation of an RPBA method to study the effects of cultivar, ripeness, storage and processing /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/a368.pdf.
Full textJohansson, Madelene. "Analytical and nutritional aspects of folate in cereals /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200507.pdf.
Full textLawrence, Mark Andrew, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Folate fortification: A case study of public health policy-making." Deakin University. School of Health Sciences, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.115207.
Full textZilliox, Trish, and Silva Vanessa da. "Folate & Folic Acid- Healthy Moms Mean Healthy Babies." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625289.
Full textBefore they may even know they are pregnant; women’s bodies and their level of folate play a critical role in preventing certain birth defects, specifically neural tube defects (NTDs). NTDs are birth defects in the brain, spinal cord, or spine. Considered ‘one of the most important public health discoveries of this century’ is that daily supplemental folic acid taken before becoming pregnant significantly reduces the risk of NTDs (1). In 1998, the United States made sweeping efforts that fortified cereal grains with folic acid to ensure all Americans consume adequate amounts of this vitamin. So what exactly is folate? What are the functions of this vitamin? What foods have high levels of folate and what is the recommended daily intake? This article will answer these questions and will go on to explain folic acid fortification and the impact fortification has had on the incidence of NTDs in Arizona.
Chapman, Jordan S. "Factors Affecting Folic Acid Stability in Micronutrient Fortified Corn Tortillas." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3026.pdf.
Full textDuda, Charles D. "Dietary and Biochemical Markers of Folate in the Consideration of Depression." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337350909.
Full textAdolphson, Stephen J. "Microflora of Traditional Mexican Corn Masa and Its Effect on Folic Acid Degradation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3390.
Full textChan, Manuel. "Characterization of the 5' region of the human methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR, gene." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0026/MQ50734.pdf.
Full textPérez, Esteve Edgar. "ENCAPSULATION OF FOLIC ACID IN MESOPOROUS SILICA SUPPORTS: A NUTRITIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/58613.
Full text[ES] La presente tesis doctoral que lleva por título "Encapsulación de ácido fólico en soportes porosos de óxido de silicio: una aproximación nutricional y tecnológica" está centrada en el desarrollo de nuevos sistemas inteligentes de liberación controlada de ácido fólico para aplicaciones nutricionales. La primera parte de la tesis muestra la encapsulación de ácido fólico en matrices porosas de óxido de silicio funcionalizadas con poliaminas desde una aproximación nutricional. En ella se ha evaluado la influencia del método de cargado y del tipo de soporte de óxido de silicio utilizado (MCM-41, SBA-15, UVM-7 y Hollow Silica) en la eficacia de encapsulación de ácido fólico. En esta primera parte, también se ha evaluado la influencia de la morfología y el sistema de poros de los diferentes soportes en el perfil de liberación del ácido fólico desde los mismos. Los estudios de liberación de ácido fólico desde los diferentes soportes a diferentes valores de pH han demostrado que los sistemas diseñados son capaces de modular inteligentemente la liberación de ácido fólico en función del pH del medio (inhibición de la liberación a pH ácido -estómago-, liberación controlada a pH neutro -intestino-). Esta capacidad convierte a los sistemas liberación desarrollados en una alternativa excelente a la fortificación directa para modular exitosamente la bioaccesibilidad del ácido fólico a lo largo del tracto gastrointestinal. Por otra parte, se ha evaluado la estabilidad de los soportes durante un proceso de digestión in vitro, demostrando que si bien algunos soportes pueden ser atacados durante la digestión, la funcionalización con moléculas que actúan como puertas moleculares previene este ataque. Por último, los estudios de viabilidad celular llevados a cabo en cuatro tipos de líneas celulares demuestran que ni los soportes, ni los productos de degradación de los mismos durante el proceso de digestión in vitro promueven ningún tipo de toxicidad inespecífica. En la segunda parte se ha evaluado la influencia de la adición de diferentes soportes de óxido de silicio a dos matrices alimentarias, geles de gelatina y yogures. Esta aproximación tecnológica ha permitido conocer que la capacidad de estos sistemas inteligentes para liberar controladamente el ácido fólico a lo largo de un proceso de digestión in vitro se mantiene incluso tras su incorporación en yogures batidos. Por otra parte, se ha comprobado que el efecto de las matrices sobre las propiedades físicas de los geles, es dependiente tanto del tamaño de las partículas, como de su funcionalización y concentración. Por último, se ha comprobado que debido a la optimización del cargado de ácido fólico alcanzada en la primera parte de la tesis, se puede lograr una fortificación de un yogur con el 100% de la cantidad diaria recomendada de ácido fólico con una cantidad tan pequeña de sistema que ni las propiedades físico-químicas de un yogur, ni la viabilidad bacteriana se ven comprometidas. En resumen, se puede concluir que la presente tesis ha abordado de una manera global la encapsulación de ácido fólico en matrices porosas de óxido de silicio para ser utilizados en aplicaciones nutricionales y alimentarias incluyendo estudios de optimización de cargado, estudios de liberación en función del pH, digestiones in vitro, estudios de estabilidad de las matrices utilizadas, estudios de biocompatibilidad, así como estudios de la influencia de la adición de estos sistemas inteligentes en matrices alimentarias. Los resultados obtenidos han puesto de manifiesto que los sistemas inteligentes de liberación de ácido fólico desarrollados abren la puerta a una nueva manera de fortificar los alimentos sin comprometer sus características.
[CAT] La present tesi doctoral, que porta per títol "Encapsulació d'àcid fòlic en suports porosos d'òxid de silici: una aproximació nutricional i tecnològica" està centrada en el desenvolupament de nous sistemes intel·ligents de lliberació controlada d'àcid fòlic per a aplicacions nutricionals. La primera part de la tesi mostra l'encapsulació d'àcid fòlic en matrius poroses d'òxid de silici funcionalitzades amb poliamines des d'una aproximació nutricional. En esta part, s'ha avaluat la influència del mètode de carrega i del tipus de suport d'òxid de silici que s'ha emprat (MCM-41, SBA-15, UVM-7 i Hollow Silica) en l'eficàcia de l'encapsulació d'àcid fòlic. En esta primera part, també s'ha avaluat la influència de la morfologia i el sistema de porus dels diferents suports en el perfil d'alliberament de l'àcid fòlic des dels mateixos. Els estudis d'alliberament d'àcid fòlic des dels diferents suports a diferents valors de pH han demostrat que els sistemes dissenyats són capaços de modular intel¿ligentment l'alliberament d'àcid fòlic en funció del pH del medi (inhibició de l'alliberament a pH àcid -estómac-, alliberament controlat a pH neutre -intestí-). Esta capacitat fa dels sistemes desenvolupats una excel·lent alternativa a la fortificació directa per a modular amb èxit la bioaccessibilitat de l'àcid fòlic a través del tracte gastrointestinal. D'altra banda, s'ha avaluat l'estabilitat dels suports en un procés de digestió in vitro, demostrant que mentre que les partícules menudes poden ser atacades durant la digestió, la funcionalització amb molècules orgàniques que actuen com a portes moleculars prevé aquest atac. Per últim, els estudis de viabilitat cel·llular duts a terme en quatre tipus de línies cel·lulars demostren que ni els soports, ni els productes de degradació dels mateixos durant el procés de digestió in vitro promouen cap tipus de toxicitat inespecífica. En la segona part, s'ha avaluat la influència de l'addició de diferents sopors d'òxid de silici a dos matrius alimentàries, gels de gelatina i iogurts. Esta aproximació tecnològica ha permés conéixer que la capacitat d'aquests sistemes intel·ligents per alliberar controladament àcid fòlic durant un procés de digestió in vitro es manté fins i tot després de ser incorporats en iogurts batuts. D'altra banda, s'ha comprovat que l'efecte de les matrius sobre les propietats físiques dels gels, és dependent tant de la grandària de les partícules, com de la seua funcionalització i concentració. Per últim, s'ha comprovat que a causa de l'optimització del carregat d'acid fòlic alcançada en la primera part de la tesi, es pot aconseguir una fortificació d'un iogurt amb el 100% de la quantitat diària recomanada d'àcid fòlic amb una quantitat tan baixa del sistema que ni les propietats físico-químiques d'un iogurt, ni la viabilitat bacteriana se'n veuen compromeses. En resum, es pot concluir que en la present tesi s'ha abordat d'una manera global l'encapsulació d'àcid fòlic en matrius poroses d'òxid de silici per a ser utilitzades en aplicacions nutricionals i alimentàries, que inclouen estudis d'optimització de carregat, estudis d'alliberament en funció del pH, digestions in vitro, estudis d'estabilitat de les matrius utilitzades, estudis de biocompatibilitat, així com estudis de la influència de l'addició d'aquests sistemes en matrius alimentàries. Els resultats obtesos han posat de manifest de forma positiva que els sistemes intel·ligents d'àcid fòlic que s'han desenvolupat obrin una porta a una nova manera de fortificar els aliments sense comprometre les seues caracterísitiques.
Pérez Esteve, E. (2015). ENCAPSULATION OF FOLIC ACID IN MESOPOROUS SILICA SUPPORTS: A NUTRITIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/58613
TESIS
Premiado
Zolfaghari, Sara S. "The relationship between folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 intakes and depression in women who use hormonal oral contraceptives." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1604887.
Full textDepression is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, especially for women. No nutrition recommendations exist for depression. Oral contraceptives (OCs) have become the leading form of pregnancy prevention in the United States. Studies have associated OC use with impaired nutrient status, specifically folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6, which also affect brain functions. Dietary folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 self-reported intakes were used to determine the relationship between depression in women who used OCs (n = 34) in a selected cohort ( n = 409) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2008. OC users were more depressed than non-OC users; depression was associated with various quartile levels of vitamin intake (p <.001). No benefit was observed with intakes which exceeded RDAs for non-OC users; OC users were less depressed when intakes exceeded RDAs for folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 by 13%, 75%, and 7%, respectively.
Öhrvik, Veronica. "Folate bioavailability in vitro experiments and human trials /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200963.pdf.
Full textWang, Bing. "The nutritional significance of sialic acid in human milk." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27773.
Full textCrowe, Francesca Lee, and n/a. "A biomarker survey of the fatty acid status of New Zealanders." University of Otago. Department of Human Nutrition, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070328.162638.
Full textNadal, Catala Gema. "The differential ability of methylated folate and folic acid to maintain DNA stability and normal characteristics in human colon cells in vitro." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231796.
Full textHeeraman, Carolyn. "Association between Folate Levels and Preterm Birth in Tampa, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6511.
Full textPhillips, Renee. "Folate Stability in Fortified Corn Masa Flour, Tortillas, and Tortilla Chips." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6124.
Full textAvila-Escalante, Maria L. "The association between dietary intake of folate (F) and vitamin B12 (VB12) with body composition (BC) of adolescents aged 10-18 years from Merida, Mexico." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20121.
Full textHynes, Geoffrey Ronald. "Effects of dietary fatty acid composition and energy restriction on adipose tissue obese mRNA, fatty acid composition and serum leptin levels." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29442.
Full textCrivellenti, Lívia Castro. "Estimativa de folato na dieta de gestantes: o papel da fortificação de farinhas e do suplemento dietético." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17139/tde-26082013-104930/.
Full textObjectives: To estimate the prevalence of inadequacy intake of food folate as well as analyze this prevalence considering the folic acid from flour fortification in pregnant woman. Methods: Observational study, with secondary analysis of data from a prospective study conducted among 103 pregnant women users of the Basic Health Units (BHU) of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Were included in this study all women who had complete data on the dietary intake during pregnancy, on total 82 women. Dietary data were obtained using three 24-hour dietary recalls (IR24H) during pregnancy. The distribution of the usual dietary intake of food folate and dietary folate, which corresponds to food folate added to the folic acid from the flour fortification, has been adjusted by the method of the National Research Council (1986). To estimate the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy employed the method of the estimated average requirement - Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) as the cutoff point. Results: It was found that 100% of pregnant women reported inadequate dietary intakes of food folate. Considering the intake of dietary folate, the prevalence of inadequacy observed was 94%. Conclusion: The prevalence of inadequacy intake of food folate, as well as the dietary folate were high, identifying the fortification of flour with folic acid did had little impact in improving the availability of this vitamin.
Leskanich, Christian O'Neil. "Manipulation of the fatty acid composition of porcine tissues with respect to the human diet." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294169.
Full textAgans, Richard Thomas. "Modeling Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbiota." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1472128769.
Full textKwon, Megan R. "Nutrient Content of Human Breast Milk from Overweight and Normal Weight Caucasian Women of Northeast Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3192.
Full textYngve, Agneta. "Intake of fruit and vegetables in European children and their mothers, folate intake in Swedish children and health indicators : overweight, plasma homocysteine levels and school performance /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-555-0/.
Full text葉翠宜 and Chui-yee Yap. "Production of docosahexaenoic acid by thraustochytrium SP. under heterotrophic conditions of growth." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227004.
Full textYap, Chui-yee. "Production of docosahexaenoic acid by thraustochytrium SP. under heterotrophic conditions of growth /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24533324.
Full textTheunissen, Reza. "An investigation of short-chain fatty acid profiles and influential gastrointenstinal microbiota associated with irritable bowel syndrome." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020943.
Full textChen, Zhoutao 1972. "A mouse model for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency and biochemical studies of the recombinant human enzyme /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37878.
Full textEvidence for cardiovascular pathology was obtained in several ways. Impaired aortic relaxation response to acetylcholine was seen in the Mthfr +/- mice fed a high methionine diet. Both Mthfr+/- and Mthfr-/- mice fed a low folate high methionine diet developed myocardial fibrosis in the left ventricle. Abnormal lipid deposition in the proximal portion of the aorta was observed in older Mthfr+/- and Mthfr-/- mice. After crossing Mthfr -deficient mice with apoE-null mice, we demonstrated that MTHFR deficiency promoted atherogenesis and its progression in the apoE-null mice.
Gene expression in brain of Mthfr-deficient mice was investigated via microarray analysis. Five genes with altered expression in the brain of Mthfr-/- mouse were validated by RT-PCR. In biochemical studies of human MTHFR, both FAD and folate were shown to stabilize the purified recombinant wild type and mutant MTHFRs from the baculovirus expression system against heat inactivation. The effect of folate appeared to be secondary to that of FAD, and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) inhibited purified wild type and mutant MTHFRs with similar efficiency.
This dissertation will significantly contribute to our understanding of the role of MTHFR in human disease.
Cutler, Roy Gail. "Uric Acid Level Is Associated With Postprandial Lipemic Response To A High Saturated Fat Meal." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/221.
Full textHempstock, Wendy. "Effects of short-term supplementation of folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydofolate on cell proliferation and the expression of folate transporters in human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco2) cells." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46541.
Full textChristiansen, Jason K. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Amino Acid Metabolism in Lactobacillus helveticus CNRZ 32." DigitalCommons@USU, 2007. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5539.
Full textChrisley, Barbara Mc. "Separation and quantitation of the seven forms of vitamin B-6 in plasma and 4-pyridoxic acid in urine of adolescent girls by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53934.
Full textPh. D.
Cuthbertson, Abla Zehour. "Effect of animal type or treatment on the efficiency of lean meat production and the fatty acid composition of meat : thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science." Title page, summary and contents only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ac988.pdf.
Full textOkeke, Joy C. "The Effects of Ellagic Acid on Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 in Human Prostate Cancer Cells." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1162343994.
Full textBulcao, Candice. "Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and effects on colon cancer cell biology in vitro." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016128.
Full textPettit, Patty. "The effects of fatty acid chain length and quantity on the bioavailability of calcium." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917028.
Full textDepartment of Home Economics
Du, Toit Joe-Lin. "The modulation of various signal transduction pathways in colorectal carcinoma cells by docosahexaenoic acid." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17350.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The ability of different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially n-3 PUFAs, to prevent the development of cancer has been under intense investigation the past three decades. Numerous studies have shown that these fatty acids can kill cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo whilst normal cells remain unaffected. Unfortunately, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are still poorly understood. This study investigated the signalling pathways modulated by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in an adenocarcinoma cell line, in order to shed some light on these unknown mechanisms. Materials & Methods: NCM460 (normal colon epithelial) and CaCo2 (colon adenocarcinoma) cells were cultured and treated with low doses of palmitic acid (PMA), oleic acid (OA), arachidonic acid (AA), and DHA. The effects of these fatty acids on the proliferation of the cells were measured with the MTT assay. The composition of membrane phospholipids of CaCo2 cells was determined after 48h supplementation with different fatty acids by gas chromatography. Also, CaCo2 cells were treated with DHA (10 μM) only and proteins were harvested at fixed time points ranging from 2 minutes to 48 hours. The protein inhibitors wortmannin (PI3 kinase inhibitor), PD 98059 (MEK inhibitor) and SB 203580 (p38 inhibitor) and also RNA interference (RNAi) of the p38 MAPK protein were used to investigate cross-talk between signalling pathways. ERK, p38 MAP kinase, Akt, and p53 were then analysed by Western blotting using phospho-specific and total antibodies. The cleavage of the apoptotic proteins, caspase-3 and PARP were also analysed. Results and discussion: MTT assays revealed that none of the fatty acids were toxic to normal cells. In addition, DHA was shown to be most effective to kill CaCo2 cells whilst protecting NCM460 cells and a subsequent dose response experiment revealed that lower concentrations are most suitable for this purpose. DHA was also shown to be readily incorporated into phospholipids, along with AA. This is associated with increased membrane fluidity, which could affect the localisation, and downstream effects, of various signalling proteins within the membrane. Western blot analysis revealed a rapid increase in activity in most proteins under investigation, especially ERK and Akt (Ser473). Long-term DHA supplementation suppressed the full activation of Akt. This down regulation of survival signalling could lead to cell death in CaCo2 cells. In addition, it was shown that after 48h, DHA induced the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP, which is indicative of apoptosis. RNAi experiments suggested a possible role for p38 MAPK in the phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15, a site which is associated with DNA damage. Conclusion: DHA exerts its effects by means of cellular signal transduction pathways, particularly by suppression of the important survival-related kinase, Akt. This could have implications for future therapeutic interventions in cancer patients, as fatty acids are safe to use and do not interfere with the functionality of normal tissue.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Die vermoë van verskillende poli-onversadigde vetsure (POVSe), veral n-3 POVSe, om die ontstaan van kanker te voorkom, is intens nagevors die afgelope drie dekades. Menigte studies het aangevoer dat hierdie vetsure kankerselle in vitro asook in vivo kan doodmaak, terwyl normale selle nie daardeur beïnvloed word nie. Ongelukkig word die sellulêre and molekulêre meganismes onderliggend tot hierdie verskynsel nie goed begryp nie. Hierdie studie het verskeie seintransduksie-paaie wat deur dokosaheksaenoësuur (DHS) in ‘n adenokarsinoom sellyn gemoduleer word, ondersoek. Materiale & Metodes: NCM460 (normale kolonepiteel) en CaCo2 (kolon adenokarsinoom) selle is onderhou in ‘n selkultuur-laboratorium en behandel met lae dosisse palmitiensuur (PMS), oleïensuur (OS), aragidoonsuur (AS), en DHS. Die invloed van hierdie vetsure op die proliferasie van die selle is d.m.v. die MTT toets bepaal. The samestelling van membraan-fosfolipiede van CaCo2 selle is na 48h behandeling met die verskillende vetsure bepaal deur middel van gaschromatografie. Die CaCo2 selle is ook met DHA (10 μM) alleenlik behandel en teen vaste tydpunte wat wissel van 2 minute tot 48h, waarna proteïene geëkstraeer is. Die proteïen-inhibitore wortmannin (PI3 kinase inhibitor), PD 98059 (MEK inhibitor), en SB 203580 (p38 inhibitor) asook RNAinterferensie (RNAi) teen die p38 MAPK proteïen is ingespan om oorvleueling tussen seintransduksie–weë te ondersoek. ERK, p38 MAPK, Akt, en p53 is geanaliseer deur middel van die Western–klad metode met fosfo–spesifieke en totale antiliggame. Die kliewing van die apoptotiese proteïene caspase-3 en PARP is ook bepaal. Resultate en bespreking: MTT toetse het ontul dat geen vetsure toksies was vir die normale selle nie. Daar is ook gevind dat DHS die mees effektiewe vetsuur was om CaCo2 selle te dood, terwyl NCM460 selle beskerm word. Gevolglik het ‘n dosis-respons eksperiment getoon dat laer konsentrasies die beste geskik is vir hierdie doel. Daar is ook gevind dat DHA maklik in fosfolipiede geïnkorporeer word, tesame met AS. Dit word geassosieer met verhoogde membraan-vloeibaarheid, wat die ligging, en ook stroom-af werking, van verskeie seintransduksie proteïene in die membraan, kan beïnvloed. Westernklad analises het ‘n vinnige verhoging in die aktiwiteite van die meeste proteïene onder die soeklig, getoon, veral ERK en Akt (Ser473). Langdurige DHS behandeling het die maksimale aktiwiteit van Akt onderdruk. Hierdie afname van oorlewing-gerigte seine kan lei tot seldood in CaCo2 selle. Daar is boonop geving dat DHS die kliewing van caspase-3 en PARP geïnduseer het na 48, wat dui op apoptose. Uit die RNAi eksperiment kon daar ook ‘n moontlike rol vir p38 MAPK in die fosforilering van p53 by Ser15, wat geassosieer word met DNS-skade, getoon word. Gevolgtrekking: DHS beoefen sy effekte deur middel van seintransduksie paaie, veral deur die oorlewing-geassosieerde kinase, Akt, te onderdruk. Dit kan implikasies hê vir toekomende terapeutiese ingrypings in kankerpasiënte, aangesien vetsure veilig is om te gebruik en nie skadelik is vir normale weefsel nie.
Bridges, Kayla Marie. "The omega-3 fatty acid content of krill protein concentrate influences bioavailability, tissue deposition, peroxidation, and metabolism in young rats." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10241.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 42 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-35).
Leonard, Franciska. "Modulation of the intestinal vitamin D receptor and calcium ATPase activity by essential fatty acid supplementation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24269.
Full textSmedman, Annika. "Milk Fat Intake and Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Supplementation : Dietary Markers and Associations to Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4820.
Full textMcCullagh, James Stephen Oswin. "Development of new analytical techniques for amino acid isotope analysis and their application to palaeodietary reconstruction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670162.
Full textSharp, Carwyn. "The effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation Rebuild II [TM], on cortisol levels in healthy resistance trained males." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221280.
Full textSchool of Physical Education
Dalton, Annalien. "Development and effect of an N-3 fatty acid-rich spread on the nutritional and cognitive status of school children." Thesis, Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1119.
Full textLong-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), especially the n-3 LCPUFA metabolic products eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) play an important role as regulators in many biological processes. To date hake (Merluccius capensis) heads, a rich source of EPA and DHA, have been discarded at sea. The South African Fisheries Policy Development Committee concerned with the environmental impact of this practice has rendered it undesirable. The high prevalence of under-nutrition amongst children in South Africa can be addressed by the supplementation of their diet with this unexploited fish source. The aim of the current study was to develop a microbiologically safe and sensory acceptable sandwich spread using fish flour prepared from fish heads, as a prime ingredient. The intervention trial aimed to compare the effects of an increased dietary intake of n-3 LCPUFA, specifically DHA, on the blood fatty acid levels and absenteeism (as indicator of immune function), as well as the cognitive status, of the subjects. The microbiological content of the sandwich spread was determined after storage for 20 d at 5°C and 15 d at 25°C. Sensory evaluation was performed by consumers (n = 95; M:F = 44:51; 6 – 9 yr) to determine acceptance of the five different flavours individually incorporated into the sandwich spread to mask the fishy note and to provide different flavour options. For the intervention trial subjects (n = 351) were stratified within class group (A - E) and gender and randomly assigned to two treatment categories, an experimental group (EG; n = 174) receiving 25 g sandwich spread.d-1 (191.66 mg DHA. d-1) and a control group (CG; n = 177) receiving an analogous placebo. On school days (104 d), each subject received two sandwiches consisting of two slices of bread (ca. 60 g), spread with 25 g of either the placebo or the experimental spread. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and post intervention. Plasma fatty acid and red blood cell (RBC) membrane status, C-reactive protein levels, as well as vitamin and micronutrient status, were determined. Trained test administrators conducted a battery of cognitive tests. According to South African Government health standards, the sandwich spread remained microbiologically safe after storage. Male and female consumer respondents revealed a significant difference between gender preferences of the five different spread flavours (p <0.05). Significant treatment effects (p <0.05) were observed in n-3 LCPUFA status of the EG, as well as for their absenteeism from school. The two subtests of the Hopkins Verbal Learning test, Recognition and Discrimination Index, showed significant differences between the EG and CG (p <0.05) post intervention in the Grade 2 subjects. The Spelling tests also showed a significant difference between the two groups (p <0.05). In the current study a microbiologically safe and sensory acceptable sandwich spread was developed and tested during an intervention trial, and could possibly in future, provide a healthier option in the School Nutritional Programme. This study proved that supplementation of children (6 - 9 yr) with n-3 LCPUFA, with specific reference to EPA and DHA from a marine source, could have a beneficial effect on their fatty acid status and absenteeism from school. Based on the outcomes of the Hopkins Verbal Learning test and Spelling test, the current study proved that an n-3 fatty acid-rich spread improved the learning ability and memory of children.