Journal articles on the topic 'Folic acid deficiency'
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Ratajczak, Alicja Ewa, Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak, Anna Maria Rychter, Agnieszka Zawada, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, and Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak. "Does Folic Acid Protect Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease from Complications?" Nutrients 13, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 4036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114036.
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Folic acid, referred to as vitamin B9, is a water-soluble substance, which participates in the synthesis of nucleic acids, amino acids, and proteins. Similarly to B12 and B6, vitamin B9 is involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, which is associated with the MTHFR gene. The human body is not able to synthesize folic acid; thus, it must be supplemented with diet. The most common consequence of folic acid deficiency is anemia; however, some studies have also demonstrated the correlation between low bone mineral density, hyperhomocysteinemia, and folic acid deficiency. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently suffer from malabsorption and avoid certain products, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, which constitute the main sources of vitamin B9. Additionally, the use of sulfasalazine by patients may result in folic acid deficiency. Therefore, IBD patients present a higher risk of folic acid deficiency and require particular supervision with regard to anemia and osteoporosis prevention, which are common consequences of IBD.
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Khaitovich, M. V. "Folates: Modern Pregnant Health Support." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 4(150) (May 30, 2020): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2020.150.37.
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Folates (folic acid-based chemical compounds) got their name from the Latin “folio” - “leaf”, since they were first synthesized from spinach leaves, in which vitamin B9 is found in maximum quantities. As an important cofactor in carbon metabolism, folates are involved in the most important metabolic processes in the body, in particular, they play a key role in the synthesis of nucleotides and DNA replication. The article provides information on the physiological role of folates, their metabolism and its genetic aspects. The clinical significance of folate deficiency is examined, their sources and doses are described, and the interaction of folic acid and drugs is highlighted. Keywords: folate, metabolism, folic acid deficiency, pregnancy.
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Yasmin, Haleema, Shireen Bhutta, and Hasina -. "FOLIC ACID;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 12 (November 29, 2017): 1884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.12.602.
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Objectives: The objective of our study was to assess the effectiveness offolic acid in optimizing the red blood cells folate levels and to observe the frequency of folateresistance among Pakistani female patients. Setting: Outpatient Department of Obstetrics &Gynaecology, Jinnah Post graduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi. Period: January–July2016. Methodology: Participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included after informedconsent. Detail history and physical examination was done in each participant. All studyparticipants received 5mg (400 μg) folic acid as a daily supplement for 24 weeks. Red bloodcell folate concentrations were measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of therapy. Pairedsample t-test was used to find out significant difference between folate levels. Results: A totalof 44 women (23 pregnant while 21 non pregnant) were included in the study. Mean age of theparticipants was 27.6 ± 5.9years and mean BMI was 23.9 ± 4.1kg/m2 respectively. The meanvalues of Red blood cells folate at baseline and at 24 weeks were 623.6 ± 406.6 and 861.9 ±432.4respectively. Paired sample t-test results showed that there was no significant difference.Thirty-two (70.4%) women showed an increase in RBC folate status while 13 (29.6%) womenhad steady or decreased levels of folate after taking folic acid for 24 weekswhich may be dueto RBS enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency. Conclusion: Simplefolic acid supplementation is not very helpful in improving folate status in female Pakistanipatients. Resistant to improvement may be due to MTHFR deficiency in our study subjects.
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Diaz, Karina, Zhu Na, Sorab Gupta, Vikram Arya, Lourdes Martinez, Supreet Dhaliwal, Nora Ajdir, Bhavita Gaglani, Shradha Ahuja, and Ilmana Fulger. "Prevalence of Folic Acid Deficiency and Cost Effectiveness of Folic Acid Testing: A Single Center Experience." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 4878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-111607.
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Abstract Study Objective According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2003-2006 the prevalence of folic acid deficiency in the United States has decreased from 16% to 0.5% since the dietary folic acid fortification program started in the late 1990s. Routine testing for folic acid deficiency remains quite common in the workup of anemia, dementia, alcoholism and other high risk populations. The objective for this study were to determine the prevalence of folic acid deficiency in order to analyze whether routine testing for deficiency should be discouraged or targeted to specific patient populations. In addition to this, we want to assess the economic burden that folic acid level testing adds to the high cost of care of our health system. Methods Cross sectional chart review of all adults tested for folic acid level from March 2014 to March 2015 from the Hospital and Ambulatory Care Center of the Community Hospital was undertaken. Folic acid deficiency was defined as ≤4ng/dl. Folic acid level were further classified as low (≤10ng/dl ), intermediate (10-20ng/dl) and high (>20ng/dl). Age, race, body mass index, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume levels and billing details were recorded of all patients and information was also collected regarding known conditions correlated to the folic acid levels including Vitamin B12 deficiency( <300 ng/dl), dementia, alcoholism, pregnancy malabsorption, sickle cell disease, bariatric surgery, inflammatory bowel syndrome, and drug therapy with HAART (Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy) , TMP-SMX(Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), phenytoin, valproic acid and/or methotrexate (Table 1). Statistical testing using t-test, logistic / linear regressions with α level at 0.05 was used for analysis of data. Results A total of 957 charts of patients who were tested for folic acid between March 2014 to March 2015 at our Heath- Care System were reviewed. 413 (43%) patients were male and 544 (57%) were female. There were 394 (41 %) Hispanics, 325 (34%) African American, 202 (21%) Caucasian and 36 (4%) were from other ethnicity. The mean age was 59.7 years and a mean Hb was 11. 6 g/ dl. Mean folic acid level was 14.5 ng/dl. 16 patients from total of 957 (2 %) had folic acid deficiency with value ≤4ng/dl . Additional results from the study are described in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3. Conclusion The prevalence of folic acid deficiency was 2%, About 33,000 dollars per year were used to identify such a low prevalent disease which can be treated at a low cost (2 cents/day) by oral supplementation. Low levels of folic acid were statistically associated with male sex, African American race, dementia and coexistence of vitamin B12 deficiency. Empiric supplementation of folic acid and possibly limiting testing for folic acid level to this group of patients may represent a more cost effective strategy. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Cristina-Crenguța Albu, Dinu-Florin Albu, Emily-Alice Russu, and Ştefan-Dimitrie Albu. "Folic acid and its implications in genetic pathology." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.1.1097.
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Vitamins are essential for the proper functioning of the body, and Folic Acid, also known as Vitamin B9, has many benefits for the body. Folic Acid contributes to the normal development of the fetus, preventing the risk of fetal birth defects, mainly represented by neural tube defects and orofacial clefts. At the same time, Folic Acid deficiency can cause serious health problems. That is why it is necessary to know the roles of Folic Acid in the body, the symptoms of Folic Acid deficiency, but also what foods are rich in Folic Acid and how to supplement the body's need for Folic Acid.
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Slagman, Anna, Linton Harriss, Sandra Campbell, Reinhold Muller, and Robyn McDermott. "Folic acid deficiency declined substantially after introduction of the mandatory fortification programme in Queensland, Australia: a secondary health data analysis." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 18 (September 4, 2019): 3426–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002258.
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AbstractObjective:To investigate the prevalence of folic acid deficiency in Queensland-wide data of routine laboratory measurements, especially in high-risk sub-populations.Design:Secondary health data analysis.Setting:Analysis of routine folic acid tests conducted by Pathology Queensland (AUSLAB).Participants:Female and male persons aged 0–117 years with routine folic acid testing between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2015. If repeat tests on the same person were conducted, only the initial test was analysed (n 291 908).Results:Overall the prevalence of folic acid deficiency declined from 7·5 % before (2004–2008) to 1·1 % after mandatory folic acid fortification (2010–2015; P < 0·001) reflecting a relative reduction of 85 %. Levels of erythrocyte folate increased significantly from a median (interquartile range) of 820 (580–1180) nmol/l in 2008 before fortification to 1020 (780–1350) nmol/l in 2010 (P < 0·001) after fortification. The prevalence of folic acid deficiency in the Indigenous population (14 792 samples) declined by 93 % (17·4 v. 1·3 %; P < 0·001); and by 84 % in non-Indigenous residents (7·0 v. 1·1 %; P < 0·001). In a logistic regression model the observed decrease of folic acid deficiency between 2008 and 2010 was found independent of gender, age and ethnicity (ORcrude = 0·20; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·23; P < 0·001; ORadjusted = 0·21; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·23; P < 0·001).Conclusions:While voluntary folic acid fortification, introduced in 1995, failed especially in high-risk subgroups, the 2009 mandatory folic acid fortification programme coincided with a substantial decrease of folic acid deficiency in the entire population.
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Gordon, Neil. "Folic Acid Deficiency from Anticonvulsant Therapy." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 10, no. 4 (November 12, 2008): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1968.tb02925.x.
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Marcus, David L., and Michael L. Freedman. "Folic Acid Deficiency in the Elderly." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 33, no. 8 (August 1985): 552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1985.tb04621.x.
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Speidel, B. D. "FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY AND CONGENITAL MALFORMATION." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 15, no. 1 (November 12, 2008): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1973.tb04872.x.
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Lewis, Dale P., Don C. Van Dyke, Laurie A. Willhite, Phyllis J. Stumbo, and Mary J. Berg. "Phenytoin-Folic Acid Interaction." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 29, no. 7-8 (July 1995): 726–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809502907-816.
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Objective: To review information regarding the dual and interdependent drug-nutrient interaction between phenytoin and folic acid and other literature involving phenytoin and folic acid. Data Sources: Information was retrieved from a MEDLINE search of English-language literature conducted from 1983 (time of the last review) to March 1995. Search terms included folic acid, phenytoin, and folic acid deficiency. Additional references were obtained from Current Contents and from the bibliographies of the retrieved references. Study Selection: All human studies examining the effects of phenytoin on serum folate concentrations and folic acid supplementation on serum phenytoin concentrations were selected. These included studies of patients with epilepsy and healthy volunteers as well as case reports. Case reports were included because of the extensive length of time needed to study this drug interaction. Data Extraction: Data extracted included gender, dosing, serum folate concentrations if available, pharmacokinetics, and adverse events. Data Synthesis: Serum folate decreases when phenytoin therapy is initiated alone with no folate supplementation. Folic acid supplementation in folate-deficient patients with epilepsy changes the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin, usually leading to lower serum phenytoin concentrations and possible seizure breakthrough. Folate is hypothesized to be a cofactor in phenytoin metabolism and may be responsible for the “pseudo-steady-state,” which is a concentration where phenytoin appears to be at steady-state, but in reality, is not. Phenytoin and folic acid therapy initiated concomitantly prevents decreased folate and phenytoin obtains steady-state concentrations sooner. Conclusions: Folic acid supplementation should be initiated each time phenytoin therapy commences because of the hypothesized cofactor mechanism, decreased adverse effects associated with folate deficiency, and better seizure control with no perturbation of phenytoin pharmacokinetics.
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Kononova, I. N., E. N. Kareva, and Yu E. Dobrokhotova. "Fourth-generation folic acid active metabolite Quatrefolic® and micronized, microencapsulated iron Lipofer®: innovative approaches for iron and folic acid deficiencies in women (a review)." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 5, no. 1 (2022): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-18-27.
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To review up-to-date management algorithms for iron and folic acid deficiency in women of reproductive age, we selected relevant publications in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases (2012–2022). Current limitations of using peroral iron salts (malabsorption, poor adherence to treatment due to gastrointestinal adverse reactions, risks of oxidative stress, and ferroptosis resulting from iron overload) were prerequisites for developing innovative technology, Lipofer®. Lipofer® is a micronized and microencapsulated iron in a phospholipid coat which provides better absorption independent of hepcidin status and targeted iron delivery in tissues with minimization of adverse reaction risks. Limitations of using folic acid include low bioavailability in polymorphisms of folate cycle enzymes (dihydrofolate reductase/DHFR and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase/MTHFR) which results in potential toxic effects of unmetabolized folic acid and abnormal homocysteine clearance (risk factors for vascular disorders and B12-deficiency anemia masking). These entities were prerequisites for the development of Quatrefolic®. Quatrefolic® is the glucosamine salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate, an active metabolite of folic acid with high solubility and bioavailability ready to enter the folate cycle without involving reductases. Quatrefolic® is safe and has no risks of overdosing or effects on B12-deficiency anemia diagnosis. A combination of two high-tech molecules is an innovative therapeutic tool for essential microelement requirements in women with high risks of iron and folic acid deficiencies. KEYWORDS: iron-deficiency anemia, ferric pyrophosphate, microencapsulated iron, liposomal form, Lipofer, neural tube defect, folic acid, polymorphism, Quatrefolic, glucosamine salt. FOR CITATION: Kononova I.N., Kareva E.N. Fourth-generation folic acid active metabolite Quatrefolic® and micronized, microencapsulated iron Lipofer®: innovative approaches for iron and folic acid deficiencies in women (a review). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):18–27 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-18-27.
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Liu, Yong K. "Folic Acid Deficiency in Sickle Cell Anaemia." Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 14, no. 1 (April 24, 2009): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1975.tb00295.x.
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Castaldi, G., B. Bagni, F. Trotta, G. Menegale, A. R. Cavallini, and A. Piffanelli. "Folic Acid Deficiency in β-Thalassaemia Heterozygotes." Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 30, no. 2 (April 24, 2009): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1983.tb01456.x.
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Sijilmassi, Ouafa. "Folic acid deficiency and vision: a review." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 257, no. 8 (March 27, 2019): 1573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04304-3.
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Hall, Judith G. "Re: Down syndrome and folic acid deficiency." American Journal of Medical Genetics 131A, no. 3 (2004): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.30364.
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Malik, Saqib, Zainab Syed, Farhat Syed, Najma Rehman, Sadia Rehman, and Talha Durrani. "FREQUENCY OF FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE PRESENTING AT AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL, ABBOTTABAD." Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad 34, no. 3 (June 21, 2022): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55519/jamc-03-10649.
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Background: Folic acid deficiency is one of the most common deficiencies among women of childbearing age. It can lead to neural tube defects, a significant cause of disability and mortality among infants. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine a folic acid deficiency in women of childbearing age in Ayub Teaching Institute, Abbottabad Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Ayub Teaching Institute, Abbottabad from January 2020 to June 2020. In this study, a total of 193 women of childbearing age were included through consecutive sampling. Results: In this study 193 women of childbearing age were included. Mean age was 30±4.87 years. Out of 193 patients, 56.7% were found to be anemic and 38.9%were found to have folic acid deficiency. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the majority of women of child bearing age are anemic in our set up. Moreover, the frequency of folic acid deficiency is 38.9 % which is high.
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Cieślik, Ewa, and Iwona Cieślik. "Occurrence and significance of folic acid." Pteridines 29, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2018-0017.
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AbstractFolic acid is a naturally occurring pteridine, which was originally isolated from plants. Folic acid (pteroyl-glutamic acid) is composed of pteridine (6-methylptero), p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and glutamic acid. Folic acid (folacin) is a compound of major importance for the proper functioning of the human body. Its adequate supply is essential for the proper course of many biochemical processes in the body, including the process of neural tube closure in the fetus, DNA and amino acid synthesis, growth of red blood cells, and the function of the nervous system. Folic acid is a compound of a high sensitivity to physical and chemical factors, and its bioavailability is limited by interactions with multiple food components. Therefore, folate deficiency is one of the most common deficiencies. This paper presents the structure and characteristics of folic acid as a pteridine, it also discusses dietary sources of folate and the effects of its deficiency.
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Donnellan, Leigh, Bradley S. Simpson, Varinderpal S. Dhillon, Maurizio Costabile, Michael Fenech, and Permal Deo. "Folic acid deficiency increases sensitivity to DNA damage by glucose and methylglyoxal." Mutagenesis 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geac003.
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Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with elevated frequencies of micronuclei (MNi) and other DNA damage biomarkers. Interestingly, individuals with T2D are more likely to be deficient in micronutrients (folic acid, pyridoxal-phosphate, cobalamin) that play key roles in one-carbon metabolism and maintaining genomic integrity. Furthermore, it has recently been shown that deficiencies in these nutrients, in particular folic acid leaves cells susceptible to glucose-induced DNA damage. Therefore, we sought to investigate if the B lymphoblastoid WIL2-NS cell line cultured under folic acid-deficient conditions was more sensitive to DNA damage induced by glucose, or the reactive glycolytic byproduct methylglyoxal (MGO) and subsequent advanced glycation endproduct formation. Here, we show that only WIL2-NS cultured under folic acid-deficient conditions (23 nmol/l) experience an increase in MNi frequency when exposed to high concentrations of glucose (45 mmol/l) or MGO (100 µmol/l). Furthermore, we showed aminoguanidine, a well-validated MGO and free radical scavenger was able to prevent further MNi formation in folic acid-deficient cells exposed to high glucose, which may be due to a reduction in MGO-induced oxidative stress. Interestingly, we also observed an increase in MGO and other dicarbonyl stress biomarkers in folic acid-deficient cells, irrespective of glucose concentrations. Overall, our evidence shows that folic acid-deficient WIL2-NS cells are more susceptible to glucose and/or MGO-induced MNi formation. These results suggest that individuals with T2D experiencing hyperglycemia and folic acid deficiency may be at higher risk of chromosomal instability.
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van der Windt, Melissa, Sam Schoenmakers, Bas van Rijn, Sander Galjaard, Régine Steegers-Theunissen, and Lenie van Rossem. "Epidemiology and (Patho)Physiology of Folic Acid Supplement Use in Obese Women before and during Pregnancy." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (January 23, 2021): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020331.
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Preconception folic acid supplement use is a well-known method of primary prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs). Obese women are at a higher risk for having a child with a NTD. As different international recommendations on folic acid supplement use for obese women before and during pregnancy exist, this narrative review provides an overview of epidemiology of folate deficiency in obese (pre)pregnant women, elaborates on potential mechanisms underlying folate deficiency, and discusses considerations for the usage of higher doses of folic acid supplements. Women with obesity more often suffer from an absolute folate deficiency, as they are less compliant to periconceptional folic acid supplement use recommendations. In addition, their dietary folate intake is limited due to an unbalanced diet (relative malnutrition). The association of obesity and NTDs also seems to be independent of folate intake, with studies suggesting an increased need of folate (relative deficiency) due to derangements involved in other pathways. The relative folate deficiency, as a result of an increased metabolic need for folate in obese women, can be due to: (1) low-grade chronic inflammation (2) insulin resistance, (3) inositol, and (4) dysbiotic gut microbiome, which plays a role in folate production and uptake. In all these pathways, the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism is involved. In conclusion, scientific evidence of the involvement of several folate-related pathways implies to increase the recommended folic acid supplementation in obese women. However, the physiological uptake of synthetic folic acid is limited and side-effects of unmetabolized folic acid in mothers and offspring, in particular variations in epigenetic (re)programming with long-term health effects, cannot be excluded. Therefore, we emphasize on the urgent need for further research and preconception personalized counseling on folate status, lifestyle, and medical conditions.
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Arzoo, Kamran, Jazib Andleep, Hasan Akbar Khan, Fakharu nissa, Shahnaz Bano Memon, and Madiha Afzal. "Prospective Deficiency Symptoms of Iron-Folate in Expecting Women, A Clinical Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 30, 2022): 584–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22165584.
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Aim: To find out importance of folic acid and iron uncovered in pregnant women and physiological complications. Period of study: The Study was conducted from January 2022 to May 2022 in different medical institutes. Methods: For current study 400 women with 29-38 weeks pregnancy (third trimester) were selected and divided them into three different groups. In group-A 100 women were those how were taking regularly folic acid and iron from their pregnancy preparation till to day and in group-2, 150 pregnant women were those how started folic acid and iron in third trimester. Whereas in group-3 150 pregnant women were not taking folic acid and iron regularly. The raw data of all medical complications of individuals were presented Bio-statistically with the application of SPSS. Results: Folic acid levels, hemoglobin levels, weakness, headache, fatigue, pale skin color, shortness of breath, mouth ulcer, disturbed vision, memory lost were measured in mothers of three groups. Whereas Diarrhea, Decreased appetite, short of breath and neural tube defects were observed in delivered new born babies by these women. It was concluded by comparing results of each group that study was significant, and a remarkable significant changes (p<0.05)were seen in the individuals of three groups. Conclusion: Folic acid and iron have a key role for the better health of both mother and new born baby. Folic acid deficiency anemia and decreased biosynthesis of hemoglobin because of iron deficiency caused serious medical complications in mother as well as in fetus. Keywords: Diarrhea, Folic acid, Appetite, Headache, Fatigue
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Adhikari, Prabha M., Mukta N. Chowta, John T. Ramapuram, Satish B. Rao, Karthik Udupa, and Sahana D. Acharya. "Effect of Vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation on neuropsychiatric symptoms and immune response in HIV-positive patients." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 07, no. 03 (July 2016): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.182774.
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ABSTRACT Background: Micronutrients such as B12 and folic acid deficiencies are found in higher number in HIV-infected patients. Objective: We conducted a study to examine the effect of Vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation on neuropsychiatric manifestations, CD4 count, and anthropometric measurements in HIV-positive patients. Materials and Methods: Three different groups of HIV patients, namely, HIV patients with tuberculosis, HIV patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations, and asymptomatic HIV patients with 50 patients in each group were included in the study. Baseline and follow-up CD4 count, anthropometric measurements, neuropsychiatric assessments, Vitamin B12, and folic acid estimation were done. Results: The prevalence of folic acid deficiency was 27.1% in Group I, 31.9% in Group II, and 23.4% in Group III. The prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency was 8.16% in Group I, 6.12% in Group II, and 4.16% in Group III. HIV patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations were noted to have the lowest mean mini–mental score. After the supplementation of vitamins, anthropometric measurements, MMSE as well as Hamilton depression scores, improved in all the three groups whereas Hamilton anxiety scores improved only in Group III. The CD4 count also improved in Groups I and II after the supplementation of vitamins. Conclusion: Folic acid deficiency was highest among neuropsychiatric patients. The majority of people who had a folic acid deficiency have shown improvement in their neuropsychiatric assessment scores as well as CD4 count after its supplementation.
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Radochová, Vladimíra, Radovan Slezák, and Jakub Radocha. "Oral Manifestations of Nutritional Deficiencies: Single Centre Analysis." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 63, no. 3 (2020): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2020.25.
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Introduction: Oral manifestations of deficiency of iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid are thought to be common. Prevalence of these deficiencies among patients with compatible symptoms is not well known. The goal of this study was to summarize evidence from a dental practice of iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency in patients presenting with compatible oral manifestations. Methods: 250 patients who presented with burning mouth syndrome, angular cheilitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, papillar atrophy of the tongue dorsum or mucosal erythema were identified. Patients underwent clinical examination, and the blood samples were taken. Results: 250 patients (208 females; 42 males, mean age 44.1 years) with at least one corresponding symptom or sign were identified. The nutritional deficiency of one or more nutrients was found in 119 patients (47.6%). Seven times more females than males were noted to have one type of deficiency (104 females, 15 males). Iron deficiency as defined was diagnosed in 62 patients (24.8%), vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency in 44 patients (17.6%) and both deficiencies (iron + vitamin B12/folic acid) in 13 patients (5.2%). The only predictive factor was gender and only for iron deficiency. The presence of more than one deficiency was noted in 10 patients (4.9%). Conclusion: The most commonly observed deficiency in dental practice over the course of 11 years was an iron deficiency in the female population. Age, diet and reported co-morbidities did not show statistically significant predictable value in recognizing these deficiencies.
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Cao, Rui, Jun Xie, and Li Zhang. "Abnormal methylation caused by folic acid deficiency in neural tube defects." Open Life Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1679–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0504.
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Abstract Neural tube closure disorders, including anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele, cause neural tube defects (NTDs). This congenital disability remained not only a major contributor to the prevalence of stillbirths and neonatal deaths but also a significant cause of lifelong physical disability in surviving infants. NTDs are complex diseases caused by multiple etiologies, levels, and mechanisms. Currently, the pathogenesis of NTDs is considered to be associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Here, we aimed to review the research progress on the etiology and mechanism of NTDs induced by methylation modification caused by folic acid deficiency. Folic acid supplementation in the diet is reported to be beneficial in preventing NTDs. Methylation modification is one of the most important epigenetic modifications crucial for brain neurodevelopment. Disturbances in folic acid metabolism and decreased S-adenosylmethionine levels lead to reduced methyl donors and methylation modification disorders. In this review, we summarized the relationship between NTDs, folic acid metabolism, and related methylation of DNA, imprinted genes, cytoskeletal protein, histone, RNA, and non-coding RNA, so as to clarify the role of folic acid and methylation in NTDs and to better understand the various pathogenesis mechanisms of NTDs and the effective prevention.
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Dobrokhotova, Yu E., and E. A. Markova. "New treatment options for iron deficiency in women of different ages." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 5, no. 3 (2022): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-201-208.
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Nowadays, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant and perimenopausal women has become an important social and healthcare problem. Despite the implementation of various projects and the availability of multiple clinical guidelines on early anemia diagnosis and prevention, no significant reduction in the global prevalence of IDA is observed. The article discusses the clinical efficacy of a new combination drug, containing ferrous sulfate and folic acid which is used for the treatment of iron deficiency during pregnancy, and the assessment of ferrous sulfate efficacy in perimenopausal women. The article presents a review of literature sources published in the last five years which describe the trials of sustained-release bivalent iron formulations with and without folic acid. The drugs were administered to women with gynecologic diseases that caused a chronic iron loss during menopause and to patients with iron deficiency during pregnancy. The authors discuss the most important findings of the clinical trials assessing sustained-release bivalent iron formulation and its combination with folic acid which were used for treating pregnant women and gynecological patients of different ages. The literature data demonstrate that the combination drug, containing ferrous sulfate and folic acid is characterized by high clinical efficacy in the studied female populations with IDA. KEYWORDS: sideropenia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anemia, pregnancy, bivalent iron, folic acid, menopause, perimenopause, gynecological diseases. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Markova E.A. New treatment options for iron deficiency in women of different ages. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):201–208 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-201-208.
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Lucock, Mark. "Folic Acid: Beyond Metabolism." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 16, no. 2 (March 24, 2011): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210110392950.
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Mandatory and discretionary fortification with folic acid is eliminating deficiency of this vitamin. Blood levels of the vitamin have never been higher, with hematologic folate values commonly exceeding the upper range of calibration. The synthetic analog (pteroylmonoglutamic acid) prevents neural tube defects and lowers homocysteine, both positive attributes, yet negative correlates of pteroylmonoglutamic acid are increasingly reported. These involve increased risk for common cancers (ie, colon, breast, prostate) and antimetabolite effects on natural killer cells and at dihydrofolate reductase, a critical gatekeeper enzyme. This review, however, takes a different, human ecological perspective, examining novel folate-related phenomena distinct from the classic metabolic role of the vitamin in maintaining health and well-being. An argument is developed that at molecular, cellular, and organism levels, folate is crucial to some important events that link light to life.
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Jiao, Baihai, Changlong An, Hao Du, Melanie Tran, Penghua Wang, Dong Zhou, and Yanlin Wang. "STAT6 Deficiency Attenuates Myeloid Fibroblast Activation and Macrophage Polarization in Experimental Folic Acid Nephropathy." Cells 10, no. 11 (November 6, 2021): 3057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10113057.
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Renal fibrosis is a pathologic feature of chronic kidney disease, which can lead to end-stage kidney disease. Myeloid fibroblasts play a central role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms pertaining to myeloid fibroblast activation remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we examine the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) in myeloid fibroblast activation, macrophage polarization, and renal fibrosis development in a mouse model of folic acid nephropathy. STAT6 is activated in the kidney with folic acid nephropathy. Compared with folic-acid-treated wild-type mice, STAT6 knockout mice had markedly reduced myeloid fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the kidney with folic acid nephropathy. Furthermore, STAT6 knockout mice exhibited significantly less CD206 and PDGFR-β dual-positive fibroblast accumulation and M2 macrophage polarization in the kidney with folic acid nephropathy. Consistent with these findings, STAT6 knockout mice produced less extracellular matrix protein, exhibited less severe interstitial fibrosis, and preserved kidney function in folic acid nephropathy. Taken together, these results have shown that STAT6 plays a critical role in myeloid fibroblasts activation, M2 macrophage polarization, extracellular matrix protein production, and renal fibrosis development in folic acid nephropathy. Therefore, targeting STAT6 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for fibrotic kidney disease.
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Meher, Akshaya P., Asmita A. Joshi, and Sadhana R. Joshi. "Maternal micronutrients, omega-3 fatty acids, and placental PPARγ expression." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 39, no. 7 (July 2014): 793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0518.
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An altered one-carbon cycle is known to influence placental and fetal development. We hypothesize that deficiency of maternal micronutrients such as folic acid and vitamin B12 will lead to increased oxidative stress, reduced long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and altered expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARγ) in the placenta, and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to these diets will increase the expression of PPARγ. Female rats were divided into 5 groups: control, folic acid deficient, vitamin B12 deficient, folic acid deficient + omega-3 fatty acid supplemented, and vitamin B12 deficient + omega-3 fatty acid supplemented. Dams were dissected on gestational day 20. Maternal micronutrient deficiency leads to lower (p < 0.05) levels of placental docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, PPARγ expression and higher (p < 0.05) levels of plasma malonidialdehyde, placental IL-6, and TNF-α. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to a vitamin B12 deficient diet normalized the expression of PPARγ and lowered the levels of placental TNF-α. In the case of supplementation to a folic acid deficient diet it lowered the levels of malonidialdehyde and placental IL-6 and TNF-α. This study has implications for fetal growth as oxidative stress, inflammation, and PPARγ are known to play a key role in the placental development.
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Carney, M. W. P. "Vitamin Deficiency and Mental Symptoms." British Journal of Psychiatry 156, no. 6 (June 1990): 878–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.156.6.878.
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Recently, research into the connection between vitamins and psychiatric disorder, particularly affective changes, has been in the doldrums, with the exceptions perhaps of studies of folic acid and pyridoxine. The best way for research to proceed is first to establish that the association of a vitamin deficiency with a psychiatric disorder is beyond a chance finding. Then, questions should be asked about what mental symptoms it is linked with, and what the other associations (malnutrition, drugs, physical illness, etc) are. Lastly, queries should be raised about whether the association is causal or if the mental symptoms are merely secondary to the anorexia and poor diet so common in mental illness (or whether they are linked in a vicious circle as suggested by Reynoldset al(1971)). These questions became pertinent in the mid-1960s when reliable ways of assaying B vitamins such as folic acid became more generally available. In this review, I present evidence that deficiencies of folic acid, B12, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine and ascorbic acid are not infrequently found in psychiatric practice. It should be remembered, however, that some ways of assaying vitamins are liable to give a larger proportion of spurious low results than other methods (false positives), although the adoption of more reliable ways of assaying vitamins should reduce this.
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Zhou, Dezheng, Zhenshu Li, Yue Sun, Jing Yan, Guowei Huang, and Wen Li. "Early Life Stage Folic Acid Deficiency Delays the Neurobehavioral Development and Cognitive Function of Rat Offspring by Hindering De Novo Telomere Synthesis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13 (June 22, 2022): 6948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136948.
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Early life stage folate status may influence neurodevelopment in offspring. The developmental origin of health and disease highlights the importance of the period of the first 1000 days (from conception to 2 years) of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early life stage folic acid deficiency on de novo telomere synthesis, neurobehavioral development, and the cognitive function of offspring rats. The rats were divided into three diet treatment groups: folate-deficient, folate-normal, and folate-supplemented. They were fed the corresponding diet from 5 weeks of age to the end of the lactation period. After weaning, the offspring rats were still fed with the corresponding diet for up to 100 days. Neurobehavioral tests, folic acid and homocysteine (Hcy) levels, relative telomere length in brain tissue, and uracil incorporation in telomere in offspring were measured at different time points. The results showed that folic acid deficiency decreased the level of folic acid, increased the level of Hcy of brain tissue in offspring, increased the wrong incorporation of uracil into telomeres, and hindered de novo telomere synthesis. However, folic acid supplementation increased the level of folic acid, reduced the level of Hcy of brain tissue in offspring, reduced the wrong incorporation of uracil into telomeres, and protected de novo telomere synthesis of offspring, which was beneficial to the development of early sensory-motor function, spatial learning, and memory in adolescence and adulthood. In conclusion, early life stage folic acid deficiency had long-term inhibiting effects on neurodevelopment and cognitive function in offspring.
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Myszczyszyn, Aneta, Rafał Krajewski, Monika Ostapów, and Lidia Hirnle. "Folic acid – role in the body, recommendations and clinical significance." Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pielxxiw-2019-0007.
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AbstractIntroduction. Folic acid is a compound classified as B group vitamins. In the body it is subject to processes that transfer its inactive form into a form responsible for biological effects of folic acid, i.e. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF). It is, in particular, responsible for processes of the correct biosynthesis of purine and pyridine bases present in the formation of DNA and RNA molecules. Humans do not synthesize the endogenous form of folic acid; therefore, it is vital to supplement this vitamin in its natural form or multivitamin preparations. The most folic acid is found in the green leafy vegetables (spinach, peas, asparagus) and in offal (liver). An adequate supply of folic acid is especially indicated in pregnant women with a reduced amount of folic acid due to its use by an intensively developing foetus. The recommended dose of folic acid during this period is 0.4 mg/24h and this dose varies depending on the patient’s and her family’s medical history. The updated state of knowledge on the role of vitamin B9 in the body has been presented. The importance of its supplementation in specific clinical cases was analyzed.Summary. Many studies indicate an important role of the folic acid in the prevention of congenital defects of the nervous, cardiovascular and urogenital systems. Its deficiency increases the risk of complications in pregnancy, such as recurrent miscarriages, pre-eclampsia or postpartum haemorrhage. For this reason, a prophylactic folic acid supplementation is recommended, in women with increased risk of its deficiency, in particular.
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Kundu, Somashree, Susmita Maiti, Tushar Kanti Das, Debasmita Ghosh, Chandra Nath Roy, and Abhijit Saha. "Exploiting the biomimetic and luminescence properties of multivalent dendrimer–semiconductor nanohybrid materials in the ultra-low level determination of folic acid." Analyst 142, no. 13 (2017): 2491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an02284g.
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In view of the enhanced generation of folate receptors in cancerous cells and diseases linked to the deficiency of folic acid, an ultra-sensitive determination of folic acid is proposed employing dendrimer encapsulated QDs.
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Pogozheva, A. V., E. Yu Sorokina, and T. V. Aristarkhova. "Evaluation of an association of the rs1801133 MTHFR gene polymorphism with folic acid deficiency in obese patients." Almanac of Clinical Medicine 46, no. 3 (August 3, 2018): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2018-46-3-254-257.
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Background: The use of molecular genetic technologies has made it possible to show that the genetic factor plays a significant role in the development of obesity. In addition, in obese people the supply with vitamins, in particular with folic acid, is largely controlled genetically.Aim: To study an association of the rs1801133 polymorphism of the MTHFR gene with folic acid deficiency in the residents of the Moscow region depending on their body mass index.Materials and methods: rs1801133 polymorphisms were identified in 326 subjects (74 male and 252 female) aged from 20 to 65 years, living in the Moscow region. The DNA was isolated from blood by the sorption on silica gel-coated magnetic particles. DNA was isolated with the use of the epMotion 5075 automatic station (Eppendorf, Germany). To identify the polymorphism, a polymerase chain reaction was used, followed by cleavage of the Hinf1 restriction endonuclease products, with analysis of these products by gel electrophoresis. The equipment CFX96 Real Time System (BIO-RAD, USA) was used. Folic acid was measured by ID-Vit® Folic Acid test system (R-Biopharm, Germany).Results: According to the results of folic acid measurements in blood, a deficiency of this vitamin was found in 24.2% of the studied residents of the Moscow region. Analysis of the genotyping results did not show any association of the rs1801133 MTHFR gene polymorphism with the serum levels of folic acid. However, in the subjects with overweight and obesity, there was a statistically significant association between the T allele of the rs1801133 of the MTHFR gene polymorphism and a low level of folic acid (odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.09–5.74, p = 0.03).Conclusion: The rs1801133 polymorphism of the MTHFR gene significantly contributes to the development of folic acid deficiency in overweight and obese individuals.
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Berry, Robert J. "Lack of historical evidence to support folic acid exacerbation of the neuropathy caused by vitamin B12 deficiency." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 110, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz089.
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ABSTRACTIn 1998 a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for folic acid was established based on case reports from the 1940s suggesting that high-dosage folic acid intake, used to treat patients with pernicious anemia, had the potential to precipitate or speed-up the development of neurological problems. This UL has been employed in the decision-making process used by more than 80 countries to establish programs to fortify staple foods with folic acid to prevent neural tube birth defects. Some have claimed that this UL is flawed and has become an obstacle to the wider adoption of neural tube defect prevention programs and have called for re-evaluation of the scientific validity of this UL. Case reports cannot establish causality, but they can reveal patterns in the timing of the onset and treatment of patients with pernicious anemia. These patterns can be compared with secular trends of usual medical practice for the treatment of pernicious anemia and with the changes in usage of folic acid preparations, including recommended therapeutic dosage and precautions for its usage surrounding the synthesis of folic acid in 1945 and vitamin B12 in 1948. Folic acid package inserts, early editions of hematology textbooks, and international expert reports provide valuable historical information. The recommended therapeutic daily dosage for folic acid of 5–20 mg was unchanged from 1946 through to 1971. The likely cause of the neurological problems encountered is the development of vitamin B12 neuropathy when pernicious anemia was treated with high-dosage folic acid before vitamin B12 was widely available in the early 1950s. Thus, the historical record does not provide compelling evidence that folic acid can potentially cause neurologic complications among those with low vitamin B12 status and lends support for reconsidering the basis for the UL of folic acid.
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Gugel, Abigail, Shilpa Bhaise, Jaqueline Lauer, Archana Patel, Pat Hibberd, and Lindsey Locks. "Anemia and Micronutrient Deficiencies in the First Trimester of Pregnancy Among Women in Eastern Maharashtra, India." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac061.037.
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Abstract Objectives Maternal anemia during pregnancy increases the risk of a myriad of negative birth outcomes, including maternal mortality, neonatal mortality, and low birth weight. In Eastern Maharashtra, India, the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women has been reported to be > 80%. While the most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency, its relative contribution is often unknown, as are rates of other key micronutrient deficiencies including B12 and folic acid. The primary objectives of this study are 1) to determine the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies (iron, folic acid, and B12) and 2) to quantify the contribution of these micronutrient deficiencies to anemia among pregnant women in Nagpur (Eastern Maharashtra, India). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 200 women from four clusters in Nagpur. In the first trimester of pregnancy, trained nurses collected venous blood samples and we used Hemocue on blood samples collected with a finger prick. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 110 g/L, iron deficiency as serum ferritin < 15 µg/mL (adjusted for inflammation), folic acid deficiency as serum folic acid < 3 ng/mL, and B12 deficiency as < 203 pg/mL. Results Among women in our sample, 37.5% were anemic, 40.0% were iron deficient, 30.0% were vitamin B12 deficient, and none were folic acid deficient. Hemocue assessment of capillary blood yielded a prevalence of anemia of 50.0%. Approximately half (53.0%) of women diagnosed with anemia via Hemocue were iron deficient and 31.0% were vitamin B12 deficient. We did not find any folate deficiency in this population. Conclusions We found the prevalence of anemia in Eastern Maharashtra to be lower compared to previous studies collecting capillary blood, though still unacceptably high. Furthermore, as only half of anemia cases were associated with iron deficiency, iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation programs may only partially ameliorate the high prevalence of anemia. Funding Sources This study was funded by the Thrasher Research Fund grant.
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Kim, Sangbum, Jongyeop Park, Seungwoo Lee, and Junwoo Chun. "Nutritional Optic Neuropathy due to Folic Acid Deficiency." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 61, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2020.61.10.1235.
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Markle, H. V. "Unmetabolized folic acid and masking of cobalamin deficiency." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 66, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 1480–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/66.6.1480.
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Melchior, J. C., Y. Blanloeil, N. Milpied, and P. Barriteau. "Pancytopenia with Thrombocytopenia Associated with Folic Acid Deficiency." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 9, no. 5 (September 1985): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607185009005637.
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HANSEN, P. B., and L. M. JØRGENSEN. "Pancytopenia-a rare manifestation of folic acid deficiency." Journal of Internal Medicine 225, no. 2 (February 1989): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.1989.tb00054.x.
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Lin, Jia-You, Soo-Sang Kang, Jiemin Zhou, and Paul W. K. Wong. "Homocysteinemia in rats induced by folic acid deficiency." Life Sciences 44, no. 5 (January 1989): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(89)90225-7.
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Link, H., M. Blaurock, P. Wernet, D. Niethammer, K. Wilms, and P. Ostendorf. "Acute folic acid deficiency after bone marrow transplantation." Klinische Wochenschrift 64, no. 9 (May 1986): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01727528.
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Gaudet, Guylaine, and Jacques Laplante. "Soft drink abuse, malnutrition, and folic acid deficiency." American Journal of Hematology 60, no. 4 (April 1999): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199904)60:4<311::aid-ajh12>3.0.co;2-o.
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Agegnehu, Gashaw, Azeb Atenafu, Henok Dagne, and Baye Dagnew. "Adherence to Iron and Folic Acid Supplement and Its Associated Factors among Antenatal Care Attendant Mothers in Lay Armachiho Health Centers, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2017." International Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2019 (June 2, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5863737.
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Background. Iron deficiency is the leading nutrient deficiency globally affecting the lives of more than two billion people worldwide. Pregnant women are at higher risk of iron and folic acid deficiency due to lack of iron and folic acid or due to poor adherence. Adherence to iron and folic acid supplement is taking 65% or more of the recommended supplement, equivalent to taking the supplement at least 4 days a week during 3 months period using recording, reporting, and checking cards. Objective. The current study aimed at assessing adherence to iron and folic acid supplement during pregnancy and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care. Methods. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Data were collected using structured and pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with adherence to iron and folic acid supplement among pregnant women. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to display the level of significance. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 had been considered statistically significant. Result. Adherence to iron and folic acid in the current study was 28.7% with 95% CI (24.3, 33.6%). Educational status of mothers (AOR= 9.27 (95%CI: 2.47, 34.71)), educational status of husband (AOR= 0.31(95% CI: 0.11,0.88)), family size of four (AOR=3.70(95%CI: 1.08,12.76)), family size of five and above (AOR= 4.88(95% CI: 1.20, 19.85)), mothers who had 2500-3500 Ethiopian birr household average monthly income (AOR= 0.46(95% CI: 0.24,0.89)), mothers who had registered at 17-24 weeks of gestation (AOR=0.40(95% CI: 0.22-0.74)) and registered at 25-28 weeks (AOR=0.20(95% CI 0.10, 0.41)), and mothers who had collected their iron and folic acid starting at first visit at first month of pregnancy (AOR= 2.42(95% CI:1.05, 5.58)) had significant association with iron and folic acid adherence. Conclusion and Recommendation. Adherence of iron and folic acid was only 28.7% in the current study. Maternal and husband education status, family size, registration time, economic status, and first visit in the first month with duration of iron and folic acid taken were factors significantly associated with adherence to iron and folic acid supplement. Therefore, anaemia prevention strategy via improved iron and folic acid supplement adherence should comprise strategies of educating pregnant mothers, improving economic status, and early antenatal care (ANC) registration that can improve adherence to iron and folic acid supplement.
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Attias, Z., H. Werner, and N. Vaisman. "Folic acid and its metabolites modulate IGF-I receptor gene expression in colon cancer cells in a p53-dependent manner." Endocrine-Related Cancer 13, no. 2 (June 2006): 571–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01156.
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The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) has an important role in colorectal cancer development and progression. IGF-IR displays a potent anti-apoptotic activity and is overexpressed in primary tumors and colon cancer-derived cell lines. Folic acid, a member of the vitamin B family, is a chemopreventive agent whose deficiency has been linked to an enhanced colon cancer risk. The present study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that part of the modulatory effect of folic acid on malignant transformation may be attributed to its ability to regulate IGF-IR gene expression. Regulation of IGF-IR gene expression by folic acid was assessed using western blots, RT-PCR, transient transfections and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Activation of the IGF-IR signaling pathway was evaluated by measuring phosphorylation of ERK, and apoptosis was assayed using poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and annexin V-FITC staining. Results obtained showed that folic acid induced a dose-dependent decrease in IGF-IR protein and mRNA levels in the HCT116 +/+ colon cancer cell line. This effect was associated with a significant reduction in IGF-IR promoter activity. Similar effects were elicited by the folic acid metabolites dihydrofolic acid and tetrahydrofolic acid. In addition, folic acid abrogated the IGF-I-stimulated phosphorylation of the downstream signaling molecule ERK1/2 and exhibited a pro-apoptotic activity. Moreover, folic acid induced a significant decrease in Sp1 binding to the IGF-IR promoter region. Finally, folic acid had no effect in wild-type p53-depleted HCT116 −/− and Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, the mechanism of action of folic acid involves regulation of IGF-IR gene expression. The ability of folic acid to downregulate the IGF-I signal transduction pathway may allow the micronutrient to function as a chemopreventive agent. Folic acid deficiency, on the other hand, may lead to increased IGF-IR gene expression, with ensuing pathological activation by endocrine and/or autocrine/paracrine IGF-I.
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Pappalardo, Maria Grazia, Alessandra Di Nora, Andrea Giugno, Concetta Meli, Annamaria Sapuppo, Piero Pavone, and Agata Fiumara. "Dihydropyridine Reductase Deficiency: Acute Encephalopathy Related to Folinic Acid Treatment Interruption in a Girl." Global Medical Genetics 09, no. 03 (September 2022): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756661.
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AbstractWe reported the case of acute encephalopathy related to colonic acid treatment interruption in a 12-year-old female child presenting to our unit with episodes of vomiting, headache, irritability, acute confusional state, seizures, and left lower limb hypotonia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed signs of vasogenic and cytotoxic edema at the cerebellar level bilaterally, and lesions at the temporo-occipito-parietal right level, temporomandibular left, and right thalamic with swelling of the convolutions and reduced differentiation between white and gray matter. The patient had suspended the folinic acid treatment at least 6 months before the present admission. The relation between the clinical signs presented by the girl and folic acid deficiency was confirmed by the result of laboratory assessment and by the answer to the notable clinical improvement with the renewal of folinic acid treatment. Dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by the quinoid dihydropteridine reductase (QDPR) gene mutations. DHPR deficiency impairs the synthesis of the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for the hydroxylation of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. When not precociously treated, the disorder may present whit severe neurologic impairment including developmental delay/intellective disability (DD/ID), microcephaly, seizures, movement disorders, cerebral palsy, and other neurological impairments. The clinical and neuroradiologic anomalies observed in our case were unusual, with signs previously unreported in patients with folic acid deficiency. The present case shows that the clinical presentation and MRI anomalies of the cerebral folic acid deficiency may be various and unusual compared with those reported in the literature, and it confirms the usefulness of the continuation of folinic acid treatment during the course of the disorder in patients with DHPR deficiency.
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Majszyk-Świątek, Marta, Wioleta Kowal, Agata Danielewicz, and Katarzyna Andraszek. "Serum concentration of folic acid in Polish Konik horses kept in a stable system and a free-roaming herd system." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica 20, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.2.03.
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Folic acid has multi-faceted effects on the body. Its biological activity ensures genome stability and the normal course of the cell cycle. A deficiency of this acid can lead to serious consequences for health and life. Folic acid is the most oxidized form of folates taken with food. Folic acid is not produced in horses and must be ingested with food. Its bioavailability is also affected by environmental factors. The aim of the study was to analyse the content of folic acid in the blood serum of Polish Konik horses kept in a free-roaming herd system and a stable system. The folic acid concentrations in all horses were within the normal range of reference values for the species. Higher folic acid concentrations were noted in the free-roaming horses. Variation in the content of folic acid in the serum of stabled horses was higher than in the free-roaming horses. The management system was not found to significantly affect the serum content of folic acid in the horses.
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Pamunuwa, Geethi, Harshika Nilakshi, Gagani Rajapaksha, Farrah Shakoor, and Desiree Nedra Karunaratne. "Sensory and Physicochemical Properties and Stability of Folic Acid in a Pineapple Ready-to-Serve Beverage Fortified with Encapsulated Folic Acid." Journal of Food Quality 2021 (July 19, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9913884.
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Fortification of food and beverages with folic acid is carried out frequently as a remedy to folic acid deficiency which causes serious health issues. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of incorporation of folic acid encapsulated alginate submicron particles in pineapple ready-to-serve (RTS) beverages. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the particles were 91.54 ± 0.45% and 1.02 ± 0.01%, respectively. The photostability and thermal stability studies of folic acid revealed that encapsulation poses a protective effect on folic acid and that dark and refrigerated conditions contribute to higher stability of folic acid. In this study, sensory evaluation of the RTS beverages was carried out through both ranking tests and acceptance tests using a five-point hedonic scale. The sensory panel showed the highest preference to pineapple RTS with incorporated encapsulated folic acid at a quantity of its recommended daily intake (400 µg/200 mL) before heat treatment. Shelf-life evaluations were carried out through measuring physicochemical properties, and pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids showed negligible or acceptable changes over two months. Folic acid degradation occurred due to heat treatment, but encapsulation in alginate submicron particles provided heat stability to folic acid. Thus, microencapsulated folic acid may be a successful carrier of folic acid which can be incorporated in beverages such as fortified pineapple RTS.
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Putri Alifia Akhmad and Moneca Diah Listiyaningsih. "Literature Review Pengaruh Asam Folat Pada Kadar Hemoglobin Untuk Wanita Prakonsepsi Dengan Anemia." Journal of Holistics and Health Science 3, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35473/jhhs.v3i2.90.
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Folic acid is important in the process of formation and maturation of erythrocytes, so that folic acid deficiency can manifest in anemia. Anemia is defined by hemoglobin levels in preconception women <12.0 g/dl, one of which is due to the lack of erythrocyte. Globally, the prevalence of anemia in women not pregnant (childbearing age) is 1.1%, and affects 19 million women not pregnant. Prevention of anemia in women of childbearing age can improve the degree of health of pregnant women, which ultimately contributes to a decrease in maternal and perinatal death. So that in preconception care is recommended anemia prevention measures in the form of nutritional interventions, one of which is recommended to prevent folic acid deficiency. The purpose of the study was to find out the influence of folic acid on hemoglobin levels of preconception women with anemia. literature review study, study 5 articles that meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. Search through Google Scholar, Garuda, and Pubmed, keywords that iron folic acid, folic acid, and anemia in preconception. from 5 articles examined there was an influence of folic acid on hemoglobin levels in preconception women. hemoglobin levels in preconception women are influenced by the adequacy of folic acid. So folic acid deficiency has an effect on the incidence of anemia in preconception women
ABSTRAK
Asam folat penting dalam proses pembentukan dan pematangan eritrosit, sehingga defisiensi asam folat bisa bermanifestasi pada anemia. Anemia didefinisikan dengan kadar hemoglobin pada wanita prakonsepsi <12,0 g/dl yang salah satunya dikarenakan kurangnya jumlah eritrosit. Secara global, prevalensi anemia pada wanita tidak hamil (usia subur) yaitu 1,1%, dan mempengaruhi 19 juta wanita tidak hamil. Pencegahan anemia pada wanita usia subur dapat meningkatkan derajat kesehatan wanita hamil, yang pada akhirnya berkontribusi pada penurunan kematian ibu dan perinatal. Sehingga dalam pelayanan kesehatan prakonsepsi (preconception care) dianjurkan tindakan pencegahan anemia berupa intervensi gizi yang salah satunya dianjurkan untuk mencegah defisiensi asam folat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh asam folat pada kadar hemoglobin wanita prakonsepsi dengan anemia. Studi literature review, menelaah 5 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pencarian melalui Google Scholar, Garuda, dan Pubmed, kata kunci yang iron folic acid, asam folat, dan anemia in preconception. Dari 5 artikel yang ditelaah didapatkan adanya pengaruh asam folat terhadap kadar hemoglobin pada wanita prakonsepsi. Kadar hemoglobin pada wanita prakonsepsi salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kecukupan asam folat. Sehingga defisiensi asam folat berpengaruh pada kejadian anemia pada wanita prakonsepsi.
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Depuis, Zoé, Sophie Gatineau-Sailliant, Olivier Ketelslegers, Jean-Marc Minon, Marie-Christine Seghaye, Myriam Vasbien, and Marie-Françoise Dresse. "Pancytopenia Due to Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiency—A Case Report." Pediatric Reports 14, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pediatric14010016.
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We report a case of severe pancytopenia in a 15-year-old patient due to a severe deficiency in vitamin B12 and folic acid, probably of nutritional origin. The clinical and biological course was favorable after vitamin supplementation. With this case, we discuss the diagnostic approach of pancytopenia with megaloblastic anemia in children and adolescents, as well as the mechanisms involved in vitamin B12 and B9 deficiency. Hypovitaminosis B12 is known in its severe form but its diagnosis is often made difficult by insidious signs and symptoms. Traditional intramuscular replacement therapy has now proven to be effective orally. The clinical manifestations of folic acid deficiency are relatively similar to those of vitamin B12 deficiency, reflecting their intricate co-enzymatic functions. Its supplementation is administered orally.
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Hlushko, Kateryna, Oksana Boyarchuk, Maria Kinash, Emillia Burbela, Yana Rohalska, and Lesia Dobrovolska. "AWARENESS OF FOLIC ACID USE AND ITS EFFECTS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN UKRAINE." Wiadomości Lekarskie 74, no. 9 (2021): 2033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202109102.
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The aim: To evaluate the awareness of folic acid, its use and effects, general knowledge about neural tube defects among medical students in Ukraine. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted by questioning 114 fourth and fifth years’ students of the Faculty of Medicine. The questionnaire contained questions about folic acid, its dietary sources, effects and periconceptional uses; spina bifida and its main symptoms. Results: Overall, 96.5% of students knew that folic acid was a vitamin and 95.6% were aware of the one natural product which had a high folate level. However, awareness of its amount in different products was insufficient. Overall, 86.8% of surveyed knew that folic acid deficiency during pregnancy caused the congenital malformations. The knowledge of the synthetic folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy was low (67.5% and 53.5% respectively). Only 10 % of women among medical students consumed folic acid regularly. Conclusions: Despite the high level of general knowledge about folic acid and its effects among medical students in Ukraine, there is a poor awareness of the pre-conception administration of folic acid, and the number of people who regularly take folic acid among the respondents was very low.
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Wijaya, Willhans, Ayodhia Pitaloka Pasaribu, Erwin Suteno, Nirmala Husin, and Syahril Pasaribu. "The Effect of Albendazole Administration and Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation on Hemoglobin Level in Primary Schoolchildren with Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, B (October 15, 2020): 938–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5114.
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BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections were the highest infection in children aged 5–15 years old. They lead to iron deficiency anemia and folic acid deficiency. One of the strategies to treat the issues is anthelmintic administration with iron-folic acid supplementation.
AIM: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of single-dose albendazole and albendazole with iron-folic acid supplementation on hemoglobin (Hb) levels in children with STHs.
METHODS: This was an open-label randomized clinical trial conducted in Batubara Regency from September to November 2018. Subjects were primary schoolchildren with STH infections. They were grouped into albendazole and albendazole with iron-folic acid supplementation groups. The data were analyzed by independent t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test.
RESULTS: From 139 children, 72 children received albendazole single dose and 67 children received albendazole with 30 mg iron and 250 μg folic acid weekly for 3 months. The median of baseline hemoglobin level was 12.2 gr/dL, whereas after intervention was 12.7 gr/dL. The hemoglobin level increases did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, clinical improvement was observed.
CONCLUSION: Iron-folic acid supplementation in addition to albendazole did not show any benefit for primary schoolchildren with STH infection in Batubara Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia.