Journal articles on the topic 'Fodder nutrient'
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1
Paudel, Tulasi Prasad, Devi Prasad Adhikari, and Ram Prasad Ghimire. "Comparison of Feeding Value of Some Popular Tree Fodders for Goats in the Mid-hill Region of Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 5, no. 4 (December 24, 2017): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v5i4.18401.
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Large numbers of species of tree fodder are being used as green roughage source for goats in several farming systems. A study was carried out at Goat Research Station, Bandipur, Nepal in order to compare the feeding value of commonly used tree fodder leaves in mid-hills of Nepal. Altogether five treatments; tree fodder leaves of Ficus semicordata, Shorea robusta, Ficus glaberrima and Ficus lacor and mixed fodder as the conventional practices of the farmers were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Total of 30 male goats were used for the experiment in five groups, 6 for each treatment. The subsequent experiment was carried out to determine the nutrient digestibility of the tree fodder leaves by using fecal collection method. Nutrient composition, voluntary intake and nutrient digestibility of the fodder leaves and growth performance of goats were monitored. Crude protein (CP), total ash (TA), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), hemicelluloses and cellulose proportion were better for F. glaberrima and F. lacor leaves, whereas the digestibility of those nutrients were better for F. semicordata leaves and moderate for F. glaberrima and S. robusta. Voluntary fodder dry matter intake was highest for F. glaberrima and least for mixed fodders. Growth performance of goats was higher for F. lacor and F. glaberrima than other tree fodder leaves and mixed fodders. The leaves of F. lacor and F. glaberrima had shown better feeding value than the conventional practices of farmers, mixed fodders. The leaves of S. robusta and F. semicordata were observed similar with the mixed fodders for their feeding value.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 442-448
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Kozyr, V. S. "Determination method for the energy-protein balance of harvested fodders." Animal Husbandry of the Steppe of Ukraine 1, no. 2 (November 18, 2022): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31867/2786-6750.1.2.2022.82-89.
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Researches have established that one of the main factors which increase the efficiency of animal production is to provide livestock with a sufficient amount of all types of quality fodder. It is proved that the deficiency of one of them or their nutrient components (protein, fat, carbohydrates, macro- and micronutrients, vitamins) significantly reduces the conversion of the entire diet into products. The suggested nomogram for planning forage crops area at different animal productivity enables to objectively forecast the volume of production of high-quality fodder and products. The intensification of the branch involves not only the optimal quantitative normalized ratio of fodders, but also their balanced nutrient density.
It is proved that the diet balance for nutrients is a crucial condition to show genetic potential of productivity by animals. We recommended classification for harvested fodder into balanced and unbalanced parts. The calculation formulas and corresponding coefficients were determined. The method was developed in order to manage forage production and rational use of the energy and protein resource of the harvested fodders, and also to determine means to prevent possible imbalance.
The energy-protein-balanced diets strengthens the health of animals, increases their productivity and the product quality.
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S, Ajithkumar, Sivakumar SD, Karthikeyan S, Karthikeyan R, and Thirunavukkarasu M. "Effect of fodder resources on nutrient dynamics in perennial fodder sorghum based fodder pellets." Pharma Innovation 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 1260–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2021.v10.i11r.8967.
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Sapakov *, A. Z., S. Z. Sapakova, and D. E. Osser. "LITERATURE REVIEW OF HYDROPONIC DEVICES FOR GROWING GREEN FODDER." Izdenister natigeler, no. 3 (91) (September 30, 2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37884/3-2021/10.
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Growing traditional green fodder requires a lot of land, but also grows with the absorption of large amounts of water and soil nutrients, depending on the metrological conditions in such cultivation. In this case certain costs of cultivation requires and the years when the sun was hot risk of burns. The influence of such factors one way to reduce the cultivation is by hydroponic method. During the study to plants nutrient transfer based on technology the following six types of hydroponic systems (HS) are considered: rising and falling water; HS in the nutrient solution; aeroponics; HS of aquatic crops; drip irrigation HS. At the same time, HS in the production of green fodder an overview of the design was made and their advantages and disadvantages are considered.HS is effective in the cultivation of green fodder nutrients as a technology the cultivation by transfer is. With this technology the cultivation of fodder grasses because it takes place in a closed system, feed solution into this system transfer automation is easy. Optimization of hydroponic feed technology for technological purposes trends control requires modernization of automation equipment (MAE).
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Grigas, Andrius, Aurelija Kemzūraitė, Dainius Steponavičius, Aušra Steponavičienė, and Rolandas Domeika. "Impact of Slope of Growing Trays on Productivity of Wheat Green Fodder by a Nutrient Film Technique System." Water 12, no. 11 (October 27, 2020): 3009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113009.
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Application of hydroponic systems in feed production has not been extensively studied. Therefore, there is insufficient data on the effect of the slope of hydroponic growing trays used in the nutrient film technique on wheat fodder yield and its qualitative parameters. The slope of the trays has only been studied for food crops. This study conducted experimental research using a nutrient film technique hydroponic fodder growing device to evaluate the impact of growing tray slope angle on hydroponic wheat fodder production. The slope angle of the growing trays was changed from 2.0% (1.15°) to 8.0% (4.57°) with increments of 1.5% (0.86°). This research used two different light sources for wheat sprout illumination: indoor lighting (fluorescent lamps) and light-emitting diode illumination. In addition, two nutrient solutions were used for sprout irrigation: tap water and a solution enriched with macro- and microelements. Experimental studies confirmed the hypothesis that the slope angle of growing trays significantly affects the yield of wheat fodder grown for seven days. Analyzing the results, we found that the highest yield of wheat fodder after seven days of cultivation was achieved with growing trays sloped by 6.5% and using indoor lighting. In addition, we achieved the highest wheat fodder dry matter content using a 6.5% slope angle. Experimental studies also confirmed the hypothesis that using macro- and micronutrients in the nutrient solution does not significantly affect the yield of wheat fodder grown hydroponically for seven days.
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Sharma, Jatendra, and Sandeep Sharma. "Effect of Seasonal Variation, Leaf Age and Size on Mineral Contents in the Leaves of Albizia chinensis." Indian Journal of Forestry 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2012-cr38xp.
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Leaf fodder from the trees is exceptionally rich in essential nutrients like crude protein, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, etc. as compared to grasses/dry crop by-products. Seasonal variation in macro and micronutrients concentration in the foliage of Albizia chinensis was studied from bud break (leaf emergence) to leaf abscission. In this species, N, P, K, Zn, Cu and Na contents decreased whereas Ca, Fe and Mn contents increased with the increase in leaf age and size with the advancement of season. Mg, S and Mo did not exhibit any particular trend. On the basis of the seasonal nutrient concentration variation, mid September to October is the optimum time for lopping the nutrient rich and maximum quantity of leaf fodder of this species.
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Jediya, Hemant K., Kavita A. Shende, Rajesh K. Dhuria, Chandrashekar S. Vaishnava, and Yogesh K. Barolia. "Effect of Hydroponic Maize Fodder Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutritive Ratio and Intake of Digestible Nutrient in Gir Calves." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 12, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2021.2232.
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A study was undertaken to assess the effect of addition of hydroponic maize fodder in concentrate mixture on growth performance of gir calves. A feeding trial of 120 days was undertaken on 16 gir calves divided in four groups of four calves. The animals in control group were fed 1.5 kg concentrate mixture, 2.5 kg groundnut straw and wheat straw ad lib. In group second, 75% of CP was met through concentrate mixture and rest through hydroponic maize fodder along with 2.5 kg groundnut straw and ad lib. wheat straw was given. While, in third group, 50% of CP was met through concentrate mixture and rest through hydroponic maize fodder and 2.5 kg of groundnut straw was given along with ad lib. wheat straw. In group fourth, 25% of CP was met through concentrate mixture and remaining by hydroponic maize fodder and 2.5 kg groundnut straw with ad lib. wheat straw was offered. Significantly higher daily weight gain, digestible crude protein percent, total digestible nutrient percent and intake of digestible dry matter and organic matter in respect of g D-1 was observed in the group in which up to 75% of crude protein of concentrate mixture was replaced by hydroponic maize fodder. Highest (p<0.01) digestible crude protein intake and total digestible nutrient intake g D-1, Kg 100 kg BW-1 and g 100 kg-1 MBS (Metabolic body size) was observed in group provided with 75% crude protein through hydroponic fodder. Hydroponics maize fodder has beneficial effect on growth performance and intake of digestible nutrients in gir calves and it can replace up to 75% of crude protein of concentrate mixture.
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Tera Fit Rayani, Yuni Resti, and Ratih Kemala Dewi. "Kuantitas dan Kualitas Fodder Jagung, Padi dan Kacang Hijau dengan Waktu Panen yang Berbeda Menggunakan Smart hydroponic Fodder." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 19, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.19.2.36-41.
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This experiment was aimed to compare varieties and harvest time of green hydroponic fodder based on it’s quantity and quality. Green fodder is made from corn kernels, mung beans and unhulled rice. Green fodder was grown by mart hydroponics sensors and Arduino systems for controlling the water irrigation system and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. Quantity of green hydroponic fodder (corn, mung bean and unhulled rice) based on the biomass production. Quality of green hydroponic fodder based on nutrient content of the forage biomass (dry matter, crude protein, ash, ether extract, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract). Experimental design for fodder productivity was a completely randomized design with 3 x 3 factorial, i.e seed varieties (corn, mung bean and unhulled rice) and harvesting age of the green hydroponic fodder (7, 14 and 21 d). The results showed that total biomass was affected significantly (p<0.05) by harvesting age. Total biomass was increased with longer harvesting age of fodder. Corn green fodder and unhulled rice green fodder produce larger biomass than mung bean green fodder (p<0.05). The nutrient content of greenfodder were higher compared to the seeds. its quality and quantity, the best harvesting age of corn and unhulled rice green fodder was 14 days. Therefore smart hydroponic fodder can be an alternative to provide good quality fodder and land preservative.
Key words: feed, hydroponic, green fodder
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K. C. Manorama Thampatti, Geethu Jacob, and Naveen Leno. "Soil Carbon Fractions, Growth and Yield as Affected by Different Nutrient Management in Fodder Maize (Zea mays L.)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1012.002.
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The present study investigated the effect of different nutrient management practices on soil C fractions, growth and yield of fodder maize variety- African tall. The treatments were seven in number - T1: POP recommendation, T2: Soil test based POP, T3: Organic nutrient management using TOF-F, T4: POP + AMF, T5: Soil test based POP + AMF, T6: Organic nutrient management + AMF, and T7: Absolute control. Among the soil C fractions, highest TOC content was recorded by T3 which was on par with T5 and T6 and highest DOC content was observed for T1 at both levels of sampling depths. The soil labile and recalcitrant fractions followed same trend at both levels of depth of sampling i.e. T5 was found to be superior which was on par with T6. The highest value for shoot weight, root volume, green fodder and dry fodder yield was observed in treatment T5 which was on par with T4. The root weight was higher for organic nutrient and AMF combination treatment – T6 (50.23 g/plant). The results indicated an increased AMF activity in soil test based and organic manured treatments and inoculation with AMF resulted in better growth and yield of fodder maize in all the treatments. The correlation study indicated a strong positive correlation between labile and recalcitrant soil C fractions and fodder yield of maize giving an insight to the importance those C fractions in microbial growth, nutrient cycling, and plant growth.
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Rathna, Kuppuraj, Charan Singh, and Nisha Tripathi. "To assess the potential of Bamboo as livestock food in Northern Floodplains of India." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2020-ch5voj.
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Taking note of the fact that bamboo is a source of income for poor in India including floodplain areas of Uttar Pradesh, present study was undertaken in Uttar Pradesh to assess the importance of utilizing bamboo as an important source of feed and fodder for livestock. Bamboo leaves and twigs, being palatable, can be chewed by cattle and it can be used as a nutrient rich green fodder and dry fodder for cattle in rural areas thereby reducing the consumption of expensive feed concentrates for livestock, poultry and fish. Under current societal regimes, very few people use bamboo leaves as a livestock fodder. Bamboo leaves and twigs and concentrates when used as a supplement yielded satisfactory results. Ensuring continuous supply of nutrient rich feed and fodder is critical to the agriculture, dairy and meat production and also fisheries. The present paper discusses the methods to explore the potential of bamboo as feed and fodder for livestock to improve the overall health and productivity of livestock.
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KUMAR, DINESH, MAGAN SINGH, M. R. YADAV, GOVIND MAKARANA, MANISH KUSHWAHA, SUSANTA DUTTA, S. BHATTACHARJEE, and RAJESH RAJESH. "Growth and yield performance of fodder oats (Avena sativa) grown under different nutrient management practices." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 2 (March 15, 2022): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i2.122250.
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The present experiment was conducted to study residual effect of three maize (Zea mays L.) varieties on oats (Avena sativa L.) (V1: African Tall, V2: J-1006; V3: P-3396) and four nutrient management practices (N0: Control; N1: 100% RDF; N2: 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya spray; N3: 50% RDF + 25% FYM + PGPR + Panchagavya spray) using split plot design. Results showed that residual effect of maize varieties on oats were found to be nonsignificant for different growth attributes and green fodder yield. Nutrient management practices caused significant variations on growth as well as green fodder yield. Significantly better growth in terms of plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, stem girth, number of tillers, CGR as well as RGR at both cuts were recorded with application of 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya spray (N2) compared with control (N0) and 100% RDF (N1). The use of 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya spray recorded significantly highest green fodder yield and production efficiency among all nutrient management practices. Our results indicate that integrated use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources (N2) enhances the productivity of fodder oats, besides reducing 25% dose of chemical fertilizers which can sustain the crop productivity.
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Nedunchezhiyan, M., G. Byju, and R. C. Ray. "Effect of Tillage, Irrigation, and Nutrient Levels on Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato in Rice Fallow." ISRN Agronomy 2012 (December 22, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/291285.
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A field experiment was conducted during the year 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 in Bhubaneswar, India to study the effect of tillage, irrigation and nutrient levels on growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in rice fallow. The results revealed that the conventional tillage system of sweet potato planting recorded maximum fresh root yield. During the year 2007-2008 and 2008-2009, the fresh root yield in this system was 4.6% and 30.3% higher than the minimum tillage treatment, respectively. Similarly 5.6% and 21.7% higher green fodder yields were obtained in conventional tillage compared to minimum tillage treatment during the year 2007-2008 and 2008-2009, respectively. But lower consumptive use and water use efficiency (WUE) were observed in conventional tillage than minimum tillage. Increasing irrigation and nutrient levels increased root and fodder yield significantly in both the years as well as reduced the soil compactness. The consumptive use and WUE were decreased with increasing irrigation levels, and increased with increasing levels of nutrients. Minimum tillage has advanced planting of sweet potato 15 to 17 days and produced 80–90% root and fodder yield of conventional tillage.
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Saha, Priyanka, Jitendra Singh Bohra, Deeptirekha Mahapatra, Harsita Nayak, Tejbal Singh, and Anamika Barman. "Assessment of Nutrient Dynamics of Diversified Rice-wheat Cropping Sequences Under Integrated Farming System of Middle Igp." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 51, no. 3 (October 3, 2022): 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v51i3.62008.
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A field experiment was conducted with 10 crop sequences as treatments to find out nutrient dynamics and nutrient uptake pattern. This study was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Among the different cropping sequence taken under study, sudan fodder- berseem- cowpea fodder recorded highest nitrogen (443.6 kg/ha), phosphorus (146.8 kg/ha) and potassium (306.3 kg/ha) uptake followed by cowpea fodder- berseem- maize fodder with 411, 105.9 and 274 kg/ha nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. Both these crop sequences showed negative nitrogen balance in soil. Meanwhile potassium balance was negative for most of the sequences. However, high value rice- capsicum - vegetable cowpea registered lowest nitrogen (134.5 kg/ha) and potassium uptake (129.20 kg/ha) leading to a positive nitrogen and potassium balance. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(3): 607-613, 2022 (September)
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Ramesh, S., Balakrishna Gowda, H. B. Raghu, and B. C. Shivakumar. "Manurial value of byproducts of bio-diesel feed stocks on finger millet grain and dry fodder productivity." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v1i2.64.
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A replicated field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Madenur located in Hassan District, Karnataka in rainy season during 2007 to assess the manurial value of by-products of bio-diesel feed stocks-pongamia and neem oil seed cakes vis-à-vis conventional plant nutrients sources (combination of farm yard manure and inorganic fertilizers) on the grain and fodder productivity of finger millet, the staple food cereal of southern Karnataka. Grain and dry fodder productivity of finger millet crop grown using pongamia and neem seedoil cakes is comparable to that grown using conventional plant nutrient sources. Application of plant nutrients only through pongamia and neem seed oil cakes resulted in higher available soil Nitrogen, Potassium and Organic Carbon contents.
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Girma, F., and B. Gebremariam. "Review on Hydroponic Feed Value to Livestock Production." Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 7, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7405.
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In agriculture hydroponics is an advanced technology. Hydroponic production is used to guarantee a constant production of high quantity of green forage throughout the year for livestock feed with suitable prices. Therefore, this review aims to review hydroponic feed value on livestock production. Hydroponics is a technique of growing of plants without soil but in water or nutrient rich solution in a greenhouse. This fodder increases up to 20-30cm height consisting of roots, seeds and plants. About 1.50-3.0 liters of water is required to produce one kg of fresh hydroponics fodder in seven days since water can be reused. However, DM content of 11-14% is common for hydroponics maize and yields of 5-6 folds on fresh basis. Since the hydroponics, fodder is more palatable, digestible and nutritious while imparting other health benefits to the animals and improve production performance of livestock. The cost of seed contributes about 90% of the total cost of production of hydroponics maize fodder as compared to conventional which is much lower. Supplementing is 5-10 kg fresh hydroponics maize fodder per cow per day. Digestibility of the nutrients of the ration could increase in milk production (8- 13%) by feeding hydroponics fodder. Hydroponics fodder can be produced by farmers to feed their dairy animals using low cost diet in situations, where conventional green fodder cannot be grown successfully. Therefore, there is a need for more research and development endeavor for better utilization in the future.
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Upreti, Sujaya, Ram P. Ghimire, Megh Raj Tiwari, and Niraj Banskota. "Production and Economic Feasibility of Hydroponics Maize Fodder on Performance of Piglets." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 19, no. 2 (October 10, 2021): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v20i1.39445.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydroponics maize fodder on growth and nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets from July 1st, 2017 to August 11th, 2017, for six weeks. The experiment consisted of 75 days old, 15 crossbreed piglets (Duroc x Nagpuri & Duroc) in a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments and five replications. Treatment 1 (T1) contained 100% concentrate feed, Treatment 2 (T2) 90% concentrate feed and 10% hydroponics maize fodder and Treatment 3 (T3) 80% concentrate feed and 20% hydroponics maize fodder in the diet. The study revealed that hydroponics maize fodder contained DM 13.80%, CP 12.54%, NDF 47.04%, and ADL 16.51%. The treatments had non-significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily weight gain, final weight and feed conversion ratio of the piglets. However, piglets fed with 90% concentrate and 10% hydroponics maize fodder had the highest final weight (35.8±5.0 kg), while the lowest (33.6±5.00 kg) was recorded in piglets fed with 80% concentrate and 20% hydroponics maize fodder. The cost of hydroponics maize fodder production was Rs. 20.62 per kg, which was higher than the cost in the Indian context. The difference in Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was also not significant. However, piglets fed with T2 (1:2.58) diet recorded higher FCR than T3 (1:2.56) and T1 (1:2.51). In conclusion, the inclusion of hydroponics maize fodder in piglets diet appeared promising in growth, nutrient digestibility and cost of production.
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Alam, MR, MM Haque, KR Sumi, and MM Ali. "Proximate composition of para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) produced in integrated fish-fodder culture system." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 44, no. 2 (December 19, 2015): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i2.26011.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Pangasius pond sediment on the nutrient uptake by para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) during the period from March to October, 2011 in a Pangasius farm, Dhanikhola, Trishal, Mymensingh. Initially soil chemistry of Pangasius pond sediment and para-grass producing virgin soil was analyzed at the laboratory. The fodder was cultivated at various level of inorganic fertilizer with Pangasius pond sediment having three replications in each treatment. The size of each replication was 25 m2 (5m×5m). The fodder was harvested at the pre-flowering stage (45 days after transplantation). After first cutting, experimental plot was irrigated, and again after 45 days of first cutting second cutting was done. After proper collection and preparation the para-grass samples and rice straw, their proximate composition analysis was done. The nutrient content of para-grass was also compared with rice-straw being used as dairy feed. The analytical results indicated that the nutrients content of Pangasius pond sediment was higher than the virgin soil which was the stimulating factor for para-grass growth and production. The basic nutrients such as crude lipid and protein content of para-grass were found increasing from first to second sampling. However, crude lipid and protein of para-grass at second sampling was found much higher than those of rice straw. Application of Pangasius pond sediment as alternative source of fertilizer enriched nutrient content of para-grass much higher than those of rice straw. Therefore, it could be argued that higher level of lipid and protein content of para-grass is the stimulating factor to dairy cattle production under integrated aquaculturefodder grass production using Pangasius pond sediment.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2015. 44(2): 113-119
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Cirne, Luis Gabriel Alves, Marly Rosa Baroni, Gabriel Jorge Carneiro de Oliveira, Soraya Maria Palma Luz Jaeger, Adriana Regina Bagaldo, Paulo Andrade de Oliveira, Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Da Silva Lêdo, José Carlos Barbosa, and Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho. "Feed value of Gliricidia fodder salt for sheep." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, no. 2 (April 26, 2016): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n2p921.
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This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Gliricidia fodder salt on intake, nutrient digestibility, and feeding behavior of lambs. Twenty-five Santa Inês crossbred male sheep at approximately 180 days of age, with an average live weight of 25 kg, were confined in individual 1-m2 stalls and distributed in a randomized complete design with five treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of 0 (1,000 g/kg?1 NaCl), 930, 950, 970, and 990 g/kg?1 inclusion of Gliricidia hay (70, 50, 30, and 10 g/kg?1 NaCl in the formulation of the fodder salt, respectively). The animals were fed ground Tifton-85 (Cynodon spp.) hay, ground fodder salt and or mineral salt, and water ad libitum, at 07h00 and 17h00. Intakes of dry matter, mineral matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, and neutral detergent fiber were influenced (P<0.05) by supplementation with Gliricidia fodder salt. Crude protein intake increased linearly (P<0.01), while mineral-salt intake decreased linearly (P<0.01) as the levels of Gliricidia hay in the fodder salt were increased. There was no difference (P>0.05) in nutrient digestibility due to supplementation. Rumination time and number of cuds ruminated per day decreased (P<0.05), whereas rumination chews per cud increased (P<0.05). Feed and rumination efficiencies (g DM and NDF h?1) increased (P<0.01) with supplementation, and so did the rumination efficiency (P<0.01) expressed in g DM and NDF cud?1. Supplementation with Gliricidia fodder salt increases nutrient intake and positively changes the feeding behavior of lambs.
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Hassouna, Sulafa M. "Nutrient Composition of Fodder Maize according to Organic Fertilization." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 1894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34418.
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Supplementation of inferior quality roughages with organic fertilizer coming up as a practical approach to increasing crop productivity significantly by way of increasing biological nitrogen fixation, increasing availability or uptake of nutrients through solubilization or increasing absorption stimulation of plant growth through hormonal action or antibiosis or decomposition of organic residues and this reflect to improving roughages utilization and digestibility by animal. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of three types of organic fertilizers; Neem cake (Azdirachta indica), Argel (Solennostemma argel/Del. Hayenne) and Field fertilizer on nutritional quality of fodder maize (Zea mays L.). Four treatments were conducted which included Neem cake, Argel , Field Fertilizer and control. The experiment was arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design, with three replicated. The results showed that no significant differences (P ˃ 0.05) were indicated in all nutrient components of fodder maize except for crude protein (CP). CP increased significantly (P ˂ 0.05) by organic fertilizers comparing with control. Neem cake had the highest value of CP than argel and field fertilizer. No significant differences (P ˃ 0.05) were detected in minerals content measured when used Neem cake, Argel and Field fertilizer as organic fertilizer. It is concluded that organic fertilizers enhanced CP content and quality of fodder maize. As advantages, organic fertilizers is a cheap source of nitrogen that deficient in plant, and is safer than using chemical fertilizers and can avoid any adverse effect on animal health , soil and environmental hazards.
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Sharma, Tushar, and Awadhesh Kishore. "The feeding values of Dinanath grass and Sweet Sorghum fodder at the post-flowering stage for crossbred heifers." YMER Digital 21, no. 05 (May 12, 2022): 511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.05/58.
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The feeding value of Dinanath grass with sorghum fodder at the post-flowering stage was compared in the present study Sixteen crossbred heifers (274±11 d) and weight (85.3±4.9 kg) were grouped in 8 pairs based on their age and live weight. One animal from each pair was randomly allotted to one of the two groups T1 and T2. In T1, the animals were offered Dinanath grass fodder, whereas, in T2 sorghum fodder ad-lib, the fodders were enriched with urea, @ 0.4 and 0.2% on a fresh weight basis, respectively. They were also given 1 Kg concentrate mixture (40% wheat grain; 40% groundnut cake; 20 % gram husk), 30 g common salt, and chalk 30 g daily for 13 weeks. The body weight of the animals was calculated weekly multiplication, of length (cm) and heart girth (cm) of the animal divided by 11200. After 21 days of adaptation, a 7-days digestibility trial was conducted to compare intake and digestibility data. The samples were chemically analyzed for proximate principles using standard techniques. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using suitable methods. It can be concluded that Dinanath grass and sorghum fodders both are equally inferior in nutritive value in the post-flowering stage and should not be continued for a long period as the sole feed without nutrient supplementation.
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Upreti, Sujaya, Ram P. Ghimire, and Niraj Banskota. "Comparison of different cereal grains for hydroponic fodder production in locally constructed polyhouse at Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 5, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v5i1.50378.
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Hydroponic fodder production technology involves an intensive method of quality fodder production in less space and in a shorter duration. An experiment was conducted to compare the different cereal grains under hydroponic fodder production for the fodder yield, fodder quality, and per unit production cost in a locally constructed polyhouse. Maize (Zea mays L.), oat (Avena sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were evaluated as the treatments. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 12 replications at National Pasture and Fodder Research Program in July 2017 and July 2018. The observations were taken on plant morphological characters, fodder yield (including root mat), fodder nutrient composition and expenses in variable costs. The results of the study showed that the fodder yield varied significantly (P<0.05) for different cereal grains. The hydroponic fodder yields from each kg grain were recorded higher in fodder oat (7.96 kg) compared to wheat (6.76 kg) and maize (5.32 kg). Similarly, the crude protein (CP) content of the fodder was higher in wheat (16.16%) compared to oat (13.96%) and maize (12.51%). The cost of hydroponic maize, oat and wheat fodder production were obtained as recorded NPR 20.64, 24.67 and 18.76 per kg, respectively.
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Reetsch, Anika, Kai Schwärzel, Christina Dornack, Shadrack Stephene, and Karl-Heinz Feger. "Optimising Nutrient Cycles to Improve Food Security in Smallholder Farming Families—A Case Study from Banana-Coffee-Based Farming in the Kagera Region, NW Tanzania." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 2, 2020): 9105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219105.
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In East Africa, soil nutrient depletion and low yields jeopardise the food security of smallholder farming families and exacerbate poverty. The main reasons for the depletion of soil nutrients are overuse due to population growth, limited land, and increasing uncertainty in agricultural production caused by climate change. This study aims to analyse and optimise nutrient flows and stocks in the homegardens of smallholder banana-coffee-based farming systems in the Kagera region in NW Tanzania. The plant nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in plant-based biomass and organic farm waste are under investigation. We used data from a farm household survey (150 households) and from focus group discussions with 22 trainers who had been training about 750 farm households in sustainable land management (SLM) at a local farmer field school. In total, we identified six farm household types and calculated a nutrient balance (NB) for the homegardens of each household type. The NB was calculated for the following five management scenarios: S0: business as usual; S1: the use of 80% of the available human urine; S2: the incorporation of 0.5 t yr−1 of the herbaceous legume species Crotalaria grahamiana into the soil; S3: the production of 5 m3 yr−1 CaSa-compost (human excreta and biochar) and its application on 600 m2 land; and S4: a combination of S1, S2, and S3. The results show that the NB varies considerably depending on whether farmers have implemented the SLM training, apply nutrient-preserving manure collection and storage methods, and purchase fodder (imported nutrients), or whether they do not collect manure or do not purchase fodder. Trained farm households are more likely to have a positive NB than untrained households because they have already improved the nutrient management of their farms through the successful implementation of SLM practices. Untrained households would improve the NB in their homegardens under all management scenarios. However, the NB depends on labour-intensive manure collection and compost production, labour shortages, prolonged dry seasons, and socio-economic imbalances. As long as these constraints remain, nutrient deficiencies will not be overcome with mineral fertilisers alone, because soils have to be further enriched with organic matter first. In this paper, we also emphasise the importance of the system boundary, because only a complete NB can give an estimate of actual nutrient removal and the resulting nutrient demand (including removals by fodder and trees). Further improvements in the SLM training may be achieved by (i) measuring the current nutrient status of soils, (ii) analysing the need for the coexistence of free-range livestock on the grassland and zero-grazing in trained households, and (iii) conducting an in-depth analysis of the socio-economic differences between successful and unsuccessful households. In conclusion, if smallholder farmers were to integrate further improved SLM training and optimised nutrient management (S1 to S4), we assume that the NB would turn positive. Last but not least, the SLM training by the farmer field school may serve as a best-practice example for training and policy recommendations made by government institutions.
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Upreti, Sujaya, Ram Prasad Ghimire, Namarata Singh, Gopal Bhandari, and Niraj Banskota. "Production Performance and Nutrient Composition of Fodder Triticale (x Triticosecale W.)." Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council 8 (May 9, 2022): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnarc.v8i.44871.
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A study was undertaken to compare the productivity and nutrient compositions of different varieties of fodder triticale (xTriticosecale W.) from 2019 to 2021. The experiments were laid-out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments consisting three varieties of triticale (Winter Max, Crack Jack, and Bolt) and one local wheat variety (as a check), with three replications. The fodder dry matter (DM) yields of evaluated varieties significantly varied (p<0.05) in 2020 and in 2021, although it was non-significant in pooled data analysis of three years. The interaction effects of the varieties and locations on fodder dry matter yield were non-significant in 2019, 2020 and pooled data analysis of three years but was significantly different in 2021. The seed yield was statistically different for the varieties in different years and also in pooled data analysis. Similarly, the interaction effects of varieties and locations were significantly different in seed yields in all three years. The seed yields were significantly different for the fodder triticale varieties in both the locations and pooled data analysis. The interaction effects of varieties and years were significant for seed yields. The average protein percentage was ranged from 8.88 to 10.39%. Bolt performed well in terms of dry matter and Winter Max did well in terms of seed production in different years while Crack Jack was found to be best for the protein percentage. The temporal and spatial effects on varieties indicate the need of the further niche or region-specific studies.
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KUMAR, DINESH, MAGAN SINGH, SANJEEV KUMAR, RAJESH KUMAR MEENA, MALU RAM YADAV, GOVIND MAKARANA, MANISH KUSHWAHA, SUSANTA DUTTA, RAKESH KUMAR, and RAJESH RAJESH. "Productivity and quality enhancement in fodder maize (Zea mays) cultivars through nutrient management strategies." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i1.120875.
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The present study has been carried out in kharif 2018 and 2019 at ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, with three maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars (V1: African Tall, V2: J-1006; V3: P-3396) and four nutrient management strategies (N0: Control; N1: 100% RDF; N2: 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya spray; N3: 50% RDF + 25% FYM + PGPR + Panchagavya spray) using split plot design. Results revealed that maize cv. J-1006 and African Tall produced significantly high and low dry fodder yield, respectively. Significantly high crude protein (CP), ether extracts (EE) and total ash (TA) yields were recorded with J-1006 during both years. In comparison of nutrient management strategies, the application of 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya spray (N2) recorded significantly high dry fodder, CP, EE and TA yields. The foliar spray of Panchagavya along with reduced dose of chemical fertilizers, PGPR and/ or FYM (N2 and N3) to fodder maize significantly reduced the fibre fractions and improved the nutritive values/ energy (DMI, DMD, TDN and NEl). Our results suggest that selection of J-1006 cultivar and application of 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya spray (N2) enhances fodder productivity, quality and reduces the fibre fractions.
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Harwanto, Harwanto, Eko Hendarto, Bahrun Bahrun, Joni Johanda Putra, and Nur Hidayat. "Pengaruh perbedaan level pupuk urin terfermentasi pada media tanam hidroponik terhadap komposisi dan kecernaan nutrien fodder sorgum." Livestock and Animal Research 19, no. 3 (November 30, 2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/lar.v19i3.46138.
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<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the nutritional value and nutrient digestibility by in vitro of fodder sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench) from the effect of the addition of fermented urine fertilizer to the hydroponic media.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The research used sorghum Numbu varieties grown hydroponically in the fodder phase, which was carried out in June - September 2020. The research treatments consist of water medium (T1), fermented urine 12.5 mL/L (T2) and 25 mL/L media (T3) with 4 replications. The urine fertilizer used was derived from fermented Ongole Crossbreed cow urine for 21 days. Fodder sorghum planted for 15 days. The results of the fodder harvest were analyzed by proximate and in vitro nutrient digestibility. Observation nutritional value parameters consists of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), total nutrient digestible (TDN), dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA design, the significance by Duncan's Multiple Range Test.<strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results</strong><strong>: </strong>The results showed that the addition of fermented urine had no effect on the DM, OM, and EE, but had a significant effect (P <0.05) on CP, CF, TDN and nutrient digestibility. The T2 and T3 treatments increased crude protein by 6.31% and 11.23% compared to T1. T3 treatment increased organic matter digestibility by 3.06% compared to T1.<strong></strong></p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It can be concluded that the crude protein and organic matter digestibility of sorghum fodder at 15 days harvest stage, increases with the addition of fermented cattle urine up to 25.0 ml/L hydroponic media.
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Lim, Whay Chuin, Mohd Noor Hisham Mohd Nadzir, Mark Wen Han Hiew, Md Shuhazlly Mamat, Muhamad Hazim Nazli, and Shamarina Shohaimi. "Potential of Open-air Hydroponic System in Producing Highly Nutritional Composition Maize Fodder for Goat Farming." Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 45, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjtas.45.1.07.
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This study aimed to identify the chemical composition of hydroponic maize fodder (HMF) from two varieties of maize grains (popcorn and feed corn). A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was used in which popcorn was irrigated with clean tap water (T1) and nutrient solution (T2); feed corn irrigated with clean tap water (T3) and nutrient solution (T4). Seven-days green fodders were sampled for chemical analysis. The crude protein (CP) content was the highest at 7.48% in T4 compared to popcorn (P<0.05) and T3 (P>0.05). Treatment 3 showed the highest dry matter content as 94.42% (P>0.05) and organic matter content observed as 98.29% especially compared with T1 (P<0.05). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of feed corn were insignificantly different, but T3 was observed as 67.66% and 41.55%, respectively, which were higher than T1 (P<0.05). Although feed corn had better nutritional value than popcorn, popcorn showed a 7% higher germination rate than feed corn (P<0.05). As a result, the total yield of 1.5 kg hydroponic maize fodder per kg feed corn was lower than popcorn (2.5 kg per kg grains). Hence, popcorn was used to grow HMF with the open-air hydroponic system. HMF showed better feed nutritive composition than conventionally planted Napier grass. A lower concentration of indigestible fiber (P<0.05) and a higher concentration of crude protein (12.28%) was observed in HMF compared to CP in Napier grass (7.22%) (P<0.05). In conclusion, the open-air hydroponics system can be an alternative method among smallholders by replacing conventionally planted fodder.
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Shiyal, Vikram, H. K. Patel, C. H. Raval, M. K. Rathwa, P. S. Patel, and H. K. Patel. "Fodder Yield and Economics as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management on Fodder Dual Purpose Oat (Avena sativa)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 10, 2020): 3752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.911.450.
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Dhakal, Bhojan, Naba Raj Devkota, Sabita Subedi, Chet Raj Upreti, and Maheswar Sapkota. "Fodder Production and Livestock Rearing in Relation to Climate Change and Possible Adaptation Measures in Manaslu Conservation Area, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v7i2.23973.
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A study was conducted to find out the production potential, nutrient composition, and the variability of the most commonly available fodder trees along with the varying altitude to help optimize the dry matter requirement during winter lean period. The study was carried out in Lho and Prok Village Development Committee of Manaslu Conservation Area (MCA), located in Gorkha district of Nepal.The study was conducted in two parts: social and biological. Accordingly, a households (HHs) survey was conducted to collect primary data from 70 HHs, focusing to the perception of respondents on impacts of climatic variability to the feeding management. The next part consisted of understanding yield potential and nutrient composition of the four most commonly available fodder trees (M. azedirach, M. alba, F. roxburghii, F. nemoralis), within two altitudes range: (1500-2000 masl and 2000-2500 masl) by using a RCB design in 2*4 factorial combination of treatments, each replicated four times. Fresh yield and dry matter yield of the each fodder trees was significant (P<0.01) between the altitude and within species. Fodder trees yield analysis revealed that the highest dry matter (DM) yield (28 kg/tree) was obtained for F. roxburghii but that remained statistically similar (P>0.05) to the other treatment. On the other hand, most of the parameters: ether extract (EE), acid detergent lignin (ADL), acid detergent fibre (ADF), cell wall digestibility (CWD), relative digestibility (RD), digestible nutrient (TDN), and Calcium (Ca) among the treatments were highly significant (P<0.01).
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 227-235
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DAS, M. M., K. K. SINGH, A. K. RAI, and S. K. MAHANTA. "Effect of feeding micronutrient fertilized sorghum hay based diet on nutrient utilization and mineral balance in sheep." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88, no. 8 (September 6, 2018): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v88i8.82956.
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The present work was undertaken to study the effect of feeding micro-nutrient rich sorghum hay in the diet of sheep on nutrient intake and its utilization. Twelve adult Jalauni sheep (weighing 39.11±1.02 kg) were randomly divided into 2 groups of 6 animals each. The sheep of control group (G1) were fed on NPK fertilized chopped sorghum hay and crushed barley grain (300g/d) based ration, while the sheep of group G2 were offered NPK + 50% recommended dose of micronutrients (Zn, Mn and Cu 10, 5 and 2.5 kg/ha) + seed priming in 0.05% solution of ZnSO4 for 12 h + VAM inoculated sorghum hay along with barley grain (300g/d) for 30 days. Micro-nutrient (Cu, Zn and Mn) fertilization improved mineral content (ppm) in sorghum hay for Cu (7.47 vs 9.22), Zn (22.69 vs 27.48) and Mn (73.56 vs 102.01). The effective intake of minerals was Cu, 8.71and 10.06, Zn, 26.23 and 30.18; Mn, 62.59 and 86.05 ppm in G1and G2, respectively. The additional mineral supplementation through micronutrient rich sorghum hay had no significant effect on dry matter intake. Similarly, the intakes of digestible crude protein, metabolizable energy and digestibility of DM, CP, NDF, ADF, were also comparable among the groups. However, micro-nutrient (Cu, Zn and Mn) supplementation through fodder sorghum improved the mineral retention (Cu 2.84 vs 3.72 mg/d, Zn 11.72 vs 15.46 mg/d and Mn 26.19 vs 40.28 mg/d) without affecting significantly the absorption coefficient in adult sheep. The apparent absorption and retention of N was positive and comparable between thegroups. Nutrient content (%) in terms of DCP and TDN in both type diets fed to sheep were also similar. Thus, it can be concluded that micro-nutrient (Cu, Zn and Mn) application to fodder sorghum improved the mineral content in the fodder, and feeding of micronutrient fertilized sorghum hay based diet improve the intake and retention of micro-minerals significantly without affecting nutrient intake and nutrient utilization in adult Jalauni sheep.
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Jakubus, Monika, and Małgorzata Graczyk. "Quantitative Changes in Various Nutrient Ratios in Fodder Plants as an Effect of Compost and Fly Ash Application." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (July 2, 2022): 8136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138136.
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Despite the popularity of concentrated feed, fodder crops are still important, especially in organic livestock farming. However, this type of feed must meet certain criteria, which are often described using correct nutrient ratios. The research investigates the influence of compost and fly ash on quantitative changes in nutrient ratios determined for lupine and oat cultivated on soil slightly contaminated with Cu. A pot experiment was conducted on medium soil. Immobilizing agents (compost and fly ash) were applied at the dose of 40 t per ha. Plant materials were subjected to chemical analyses to assess their macronutrient content and, based on these data, mutual proportions of individual nutrients were calculated as mass ratios of K:Mg, K:Na, Ca:P, Ca:Mg, K:(Ca+Mg) and (K+Na):(Ca+Mg). Changes in ratio values were visualized using statistical tools, i.e., Anova, correlation coefficients and dendrograms. It was found that immobilizing agents constituted a source of the chosen nutrients because their amounts in plants grown on the soil fertilized with either compost or fly ash compost were significantly higher than in the control plants. This phenomenon was especially visible with regard to Ca and Mg for both lupine and oat. It should be emphasized here that the effect of compost or fly ash on the content of Ca and K in plants was comparable. In general, the application of compost contributed to higher values of the analyzed nutrients in both plants. The control and fertilized fly ash plants were characterized by lower values of nutrient ratios. The expected optimal value range of 2–3:1 was determined only for Ca:Mg, which was found in both lupine and oats. The proper values of K:Mg (2–6:1) were found only in the case of fodder plants cultivated on soil amended with compost.
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NINGOJI, SANTOSH NAGAPPA, M. N. THIMMEGOWDA, B. BORAIAH, M. R. ANAND, R. KRISHNA MURTHY, and N. N. ASHA. "Influence of nutrient sources and spray schedule on growth, dry matter accumulation, yield, quality and economics of hydroponic fodder maize." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 90, no. 10 (April 5, 2021): 1407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i10.111417.
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The experiment was conducted at AICRP for Dry Land Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru to study the influence of nutrient sources and spray schedule on growth, dry matter accumulation, yield, quality and economics of hydroponic fodder maize during 2017–18. The experiment was laid in Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept with three replications each using four different nutrient sources (urea @ 1%, MOP @ 1%, urea and MOP each @ 1% and 19:19:19 @ 1%) and two levels of spray schedules (one spray at 6 DAS and two sprays at 3 and 10 DAS) and no spray was taken as control. The results revealed that two sprays of urea and MOP each @ 1% at 3 and 10 DAS recorded significantly higher shoot length, root length, total dry matter accumulation, fodder yield and superior quality parameters, viz. crude protein, total carbohydrates and crude fibre. Higher returns (₹ 204/m2) and B : C ratio (2.41) were noticed with same treatment combinations and accounted for 17.22% higher fodder yield over control.
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Kolackova, Ivana, Barbora Smolkova, Oldrich Latal, Sylvie Skalickova, Jiri Skladanka, Pavel Horky, Pavel Knot, et al. "Does Digestate Dose Affect Fodder Security and Nutritive Value?" Agriculture 12, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12020133.
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With the rising interest in digestate use as a fertilizer on permanent cultures, there is a need to examine its effects on food and feed quality. This study is focused on the use of digestate in grassland fertilization and its effects on nutritive value parameters such as mycotoxin contamination (deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin, and T-2 toxin) and nutrient content (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, nitrogen-free extract, digestibility of organic matter, acid detergent fiber, and ash-free neutral detergent fiber). The experiment was carried out in the Czech Republic, and the effects of fertilization regime, year, and harvest date (summer and fall cuts) on nutritive value were observed. An effect of the year on DON, AFB1, and T-2 contamination levels was observed. An effect of the harvest or fertilization regime on mycotoxin contamination was not observed. Significant differences were observed in the content of all nutrients, except ash, depending on the year. Differences were found only in the case of ADF levels, depending on the harvest date, as well; however, no differences were found between fertilization regimes. Our findings suggest that digestate does not negatively affect fodder in terms of nutritive value nor safety.
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Poonam, Rajan Bawa, and D. Nayak. "Nutrient Loss from the Major Ecosystems of Cold Desert of Himachal Pradesh, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-y8ty8t.
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The present investigation was conducted in village Goshal, located in Lahaul and Spiti cold desert district of Himachal Pradesh, India during 2010 to 2013 to assess nutrient status and nutrient flow in two major ecosystems viz; Agro Ecosystem, and Alpine Pasture Ecosystem. In Alpine Pasture Ecosystem of the 70 percent aboveground biomass which is grazed by the animals 50 percent decomposed after penning and returned back to the system, and rest 50% goes to the yard and in the form of FYM goes to the agricultural fields thus removed out of the system. In Agro Ecosystem, Since 90 percent of aboveground biomass is harvested for fodder and winter stall feeding and in the form of FYM it returns back to agricultural fields and 100 percent of belowground and 10 percent of aboveground nutrient remains as such in the field, which get decomposed and the nutrients are returned back to the system.
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SINGH, V. K., B. B. SHARMA, and B. S. DWIVEDI. "The impact of diversification of a rice–wheat cropping system on crop productivity and soil fertility." Journal of Agricultural Science 139, no. 4 (December 2002): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002666.
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Field experiments were conducted at the Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during 1996/97 and 1997/98. Each experiment comprised 10 crop sequences: (a) wheat–rice, (b) chickpea–rice, (c) lentil–rice, (d) pea–rice, (e) wheat–mungbean green manure–rice, (f) wheat–Sesbania green manure–rice, (g) wheat–fodder–rice, (h) chickpea–fodder–rice, (i) lentil–fodder–rice and (j) pea–fodder–rice, in a randomized block design with four replications. The crop sequences were compared in terms of economic rice equivalent yield (REY), protein production, apparent nutrient balances and effect on soil fertility status. Amongst crop sequences involving two crops each year (200% cropping intensity), chickpea–rice gave highest REY and protein production. Of the sequences involving three crops each year (300% cropping intensity), chickpea–fodder–rice and wheat–fodder–rice were superior to others. The P balances were positive for all sequences, whereas K balances were generally negative except for sequences involving green manure legumes. Green manuring with Sesbania or mungbean helped restore soil fertility, indicating the advantage of green manure for higher productivity and sustainability of rice–wheat system. Chickpea–rice and chickpea–fodder–rice appeared promising alternatives to rice–wheat crop sequence.
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DEVA, SAHAJA. "Yield of fodder oat and balance sheet of nutrients influenced by tillage practices and nutrient management." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2015): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/11.1/112-115.
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Onte, Santosh, Magan Singh, V. K. Meena, Sanjeev Kumar, B. L. Meena, and Susanta Dutta. "Organic Nutrient Management in Context to Sustainable Fodder Production: A Review." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 09 (September 10, 2019): 2434–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.809.282.
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Chen, Li Li, Yan Feng, Dang Quan Zhang, Ying She Luo, Rong Chen, and Xiao Lei Zhang. "Nutritional Value Change during Processing Forage Block from Under-Forest Interplanting Lolium Perenne." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1849.
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In order to make use of the under-forest economy, Lolium perenne were interplanted under the trees, and the effect of coarse fodder processing on the nutrient content of under-forest interplanting Lolium perenne was analyzed. The result showed that the contents of calcium and phosphorus of under-forest interplanting Lolium perenne were 0.79% and 0.119%, while those of forage blocks processed were 0.82% and 0.115%, and the one starch-added were 0.74% and 0.125%, respectively. The calcium contents were 0.51%, 0.67% and 0.76% when the ratio of Lolium multiflorum/ Illicium verum were 100:1, 200:1 and 300:1 in the processed forage blocks, and the phosphorus contents were 0.121%, 0.123% and 0.127%, respectively. The results suggested that the coarse fodder processing and additive have no obvious influence on the mineral nutrients of Lolium perenne during forage block processing, and the optimal ratio of Lolium perenne/ Illicium verum is 300:1 in the forage.
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Trong Hung, Dao, Harold Hughes, Markus Keck, and Daniela Sauer. "Rice-Residue Management Practices of Smallholder Farms in Vietnam and Their Effects on Nutrient Fluxes in the Soil-Plant System." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 19, 2019): 1641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061641.
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In Vietnam, approximately 39 million tons of rice (Oryza sativa) residues accrue every year. In this study, we quantified soil nutrient balances of paddy rice fields under different crop-residue management practices in northern Vietnam. On twelve farms, we calculated nutrient balances for the four prevalent rice-residue management practices, i.e., (1) direct incorporation of rice residues into the soil, (2) application of rice-residue compost, (3) burning of rice residues on the field, and (4) the use of rice residues as fodder for livestock. Soils under practices (1) to (3) showed a positive nutrient balance, which indicates that soil fertility can be maintained under these practices and that the amounts of chemical fertilizers can be considerably reduced. If not, there is a risk of eutrophication in the surrounding surface waterbodies. Practice (4), in contrast, resulted in a negative nutrient balance, which indicates the need for returning nutrients to the soils. From our findings we conclude that knowledge about the effects of rice-residue management practices on nutrient cycles may help to optimize the use of fertilizers, resulting in a more sustainable form of agriculture.
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Edwards, J. P., K. Mashlan, D. E. Dalley, and J. B. Pinxterhuis. "A survey of dairy cow wintering practices in Canterbury, New Zealand." Animal Production Science 57, no. 7 (2017): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16459.
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Low pasture growth rates in the South Island of New Zealand dictate the use of grazed crops and stored supplements over winter to feed dairy cows. However, grazed crops represent a significant risk for nutrient loss. Little is known about the extent of different wintering practices. The aim of the present research was to document the prevailing winter management practices in Canterbury, allowing changes in management to be tracked in the future. A telephone survey of 238 dairy farms in Canterbury (20% of the total 1208 farms) was completed in March 2016. Results indicated a heavy reliance on wintering off the milking platform (93% of the cow.weeks), mostly on support blocks managed by the dairy farmer (68%). Twenty-five per cent of the wintering occurred on a farm not owned or managed by the dairy farmer, commonly on arable farms. Kale (46%) and fodder beet (40%) were the most common winter crops fed to cows. Optimising kale and fodder beet management represents a significant opportunity to improve nutrient management and reduce nutrient loss from grazed crops.
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R, Sumathi, Brindha B, Suresh Babu D, Murugesan S, and Senthilkumar N. "Effect of fibre fractions of Ailanthus excelsa roxb. on in-vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) and Metabolisable energy." International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences 7, no. 5 (September 11, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2022.v07.i05.001.
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Forages usually constitute the major portion of the ruminant feeds in our country. Availability of feed containing imbalanced chemical composition and metabolisable energy is major handicap in ruminant production the world over. The present study aimed to evaluate the fibre fractions of Ailanthus excels Roxb. fast growing multipurpose indigenous tree species used as cattle fodder as the leaves are rated as highly palatable and nourishing with high percentage of crude protein. The fiber fractions i.e. Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL) values were measured for Ailanthus excels Roxb. leaves and observed that AD Fvaried from 0.91% to 74 %and the average was recorded as 48.93 ± 8.36 %, NDF ranged from 28.49 % to 94.77 % with an average of 5.6± 0.97 % and recorded the minimum of 0.2% to the maximum of 17.5 % of ADL value. Low or high NDF value indicate the dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake that will result in a decrease or increase in livestock consumption. Hemicellulose and cellulose, the slowly digestible fibre materials present in the cell wall ranged from 1.72 to 82.5 % and 0.45 to 96.72 % respectively. The digestibility of the A.excelsa leaves was tested for 24 hrs and 48 hrs were observed that almost all accessions showed digestibility greater than 50%.Metabolizable energy (ME) and Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) are the other two energy requirement of cattle other than IVDMD and ME observed to be more than 8.23(MJ/Kg DM) for all the accessions and TDN value more than 40 %. Though fodder is nutrient treasure, the IVDMD decides the nutrient intake by the cattle. With the desirable fibre fraction and promising IVDMD and metabolizable energy values of A. excel accessions can be an alternate tree fodder for cattle during lean period.
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Fasae, O. A., M. M. Abiola, T. O. Fabunmi, A. O. Yusuf, R. Y. Aderinboye, and E. O. Fakoya. "Yield and nutrient composition of fertilized maize as fodder for ruminant production." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i2.38.
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Maize plant generates a lot of underutilized leaves which if properly harnessed can be cheaper source of nutrients for cattle, sheep and goat production, thereby improving the challenges of dry season feed shortages. In the study, the fodder yield and the nutritive value of fertilized maize were investigated as feedstuff for ruminant production. Six treatments comprised of maize fertilized with cattle, sheep, swine and poultry manures, NPK and the control were arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replicates in a fiel study in the early and late cropping seasons. Parameters on chemical composition, leaf and grain yield as well as plant height were determined. Results showed that crude protein content ranged from 10.08 ± 0.70 to 12.48 ± 0.82% with manure fertilized maize leaves having the highest (P < 0.05) values in both seasons. The neutral detergent and acid detergent fibre contents ranked the same statistically (P > 0.05) across fertilized maize with values ranging from 53.70 ± 0.81 to 59.90 ± 0.83% and 33.70 ± 0.60 to 37.32 ± 0.63%,respectively. Acid detergent lignin varied (P < 0.05) and ranged from 5.01 ± 0.25 to 8.82 ± 0.31% across treatments. Leaf yield and yield components were also higher in manure fertilized maize compared to maize fertilized with NPK and the control. Leaf yield ranged from 883.33 to 1113.24 kg DM/ha with maize fertilized with sheep manure having the highest values in the early season. It can be concluded that animal manures have excellent potential to increase fodder yield and nutrient composition of maize plants.
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Kotsyumbas, G. I., V. M. Lemishevskyi, and A. K. Kostyniuk. "The influence of probiotic fodder additives on the morphofunctional state of duodenum pigs." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 87 (April 26, 2018): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8705.
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The article is dedicated to the study of the effect of a class of microorganisms and substances of microbial and other origin that are used in feeding pigs to achieve maximum growth in animal mass, as well as therapeutic purposes. Study of the effect of biologically active additives on the state of the pig's digestive system. The article considers the rational nutrition that increase the productivity and reproductive capacity of animals, and also prevent the emergence of profound disturbances of all metabolic processes which leads to a decrease in resistance to productivity, a clinically pronounced disease of adult animals and young animals. The authors pay attention to the morphometric parameters, ultrastructure and content of nucleic acids in the wall of the duodenum of pigs by forage feeding with the addition of probiotic fodder additive «Probion-forte» in dose of 1 g/kg of fodder. Research were conducted on 28 day pigs, breed «Large White». It was formed two groups of piglets per 30 heads; piglets were fed with standard mixed fodders; piglets from the first group were received standard mixed fodder with the addition of probiotic fodder additive «Probion-forte» in dose 1 g/kg of fodder for 42 days. After the slaughter of piglets, pieces of duodenum for histological, histochemical and ultrastructural studies were selected. Statistical significance of differences was determined by Student's t test , assuming 5% estimate error. It was shown that feeding with forage within 42 days from the addition of probiotic fodder additive «Probion-forte» at a dose of 1 g/kg, villus height is increase, crypt depth and a number of plasma cells in the lamina propria of mucosa of the duodenum, which helps the digestive process and increase the area of nutrient absorption in the intestines. The number of plasma cells are increased in the lamina propria of mucosa and testify immunomodulatory effect of fodder additives. Ultra structural alteration of microvilli and changes in the nuclei of duodenal enterocytes of piglets of the first group indicates a more pronounced acfunctional activity of enterocytes and thereby increases the activity of parietal digestion in the intestine. As a conclusion, the task by definition performed of the effective dose of probiotic in feed for pig it can be considered completed and we can state the probiotics can be incorporated, as a alternative to antibiotics and increase the weight gain of animals and also to increase the level of immune resistance of the organism.
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Nieman, Christine C., and Ashley C. Conway-Anderson. "Effects of Packing Density and Inoculation with Lactic Acid-Producing Bacteria to Evaluate the Potential for North American Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis L.) Fodder as Silage." Agronomy 12, no. 12 (December 18, 2022): 3212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12123212.
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Commercial elderberry production requires complete pruning in late fall to maintain productive canes. For integrated farms (livestock and crops), this biomass has potential as ensiled fodder for ruminant livestock. The objectives of this study were to determine the forage nutritive value of late-season (November) pruned elderberry (Sambucus canadensis L. “Rogersville”) fodder when ensiled. A 2 × 2 factorial laboratory silo experiment was conducted testing two packing densities with or without inoculation with lactic acid-producing bacteria silage inoculant to determine effects on silage nutritive values and fermentation parameters. Pre-ensiled elderberry fodder, composited from plants over 2000 m2, averaged 5.6% crude protein, 62.5% acid detergent fiber (ADF), 72.5% neutral detergent fiber, 11.4% non-fiber carbohydrates, 53% total digestive nutrients, and 52% relative feed value (RFV). The two packing densities were 160.2 kg dry matter/m3 and 240.3 kg dry matter/m3. Packing density did not affect any nutrient characteristics of the ensiled fodder. Acid detergent fiber was greater (p = 0.01) in un-inoculated silage, resulting in lower (p < 0.01) RFV for un-inoculated silage. Only lactic acid concentration was affected by packing density with greater concentrations (p = 0.04) in high-density silos. Inoculant affected several fermentation parameters with greater concentrations of (p < 0.01) propanediol, (p = 0.01) propanol, and (p < 0.01) acetic acid, while un-inoculated silages had greater concentrations of (p = 0.03) ammonia-nitrogen, (p < 0.01) lactic acid, (p = 0.02) succinic acid, and (p < 0.01) ethanol. Overall, late-season elderberry fodder was successfully ensiled, but nutritive value was low. Packing density did not affect nutritive value but did increase lactic acid concentration. Inoculation improved the RFV by reducing ADF, and though acetic acid production was greater in inoculated silage, total acid concentration was not affected.
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Madne, Prof A. N., Vazira Moon, Mohit Gautre, Sameer Selokar, Ashish Bhimte, Vaibhav Sayankar, and Kaustubh Watekar. "Auto Indoor Hydro Phonic Fodder Grow Chamber." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41216.
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Abstract 1) Hydroponics is changing the agriculture industry slowly. the ability to grow indoor brings another dimension to agriculture. We have develop a mini fodder grow chamber, they aregrow a fodder within week, 2) A chamber maintain a temperature and moisture monitoring to ensure proper indoor growconditions for a good growth. 3) The system makes use of arduino controller and many more senser to control temperaturemoisture. 4) The system use the motor to ensure water level, pump motor and adjust water level motorssome types of motor are use for maintain water level in chamber. 5) 5 ) In chamber we use artificial sunlight is switched on and off as per use. 6) In this chamber water are circulate in water pump and also added a some nutrient in wateralso. And fan work at a maintain a surrounding atmospheric air.
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Daniel S, Akoto, Partey Samuel T, Mensah Michael, Abugre Simon, Akoto Sellassie, and Seidu Issah. "Bamboo leaf as quality fodder supplement for goat production in the dry semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana." Global Journal of Ecology 7, no. 2 (July 22, 2022): 052–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/gje.000061.
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Limited access to fodder with fair nutritive characteristics especially during dry periods is a challenge to livestock farming. However, it is envisaged that evergreen bamboo with year-round litter production and high nutritive characteristics, may provide a valuable supplementary source of feed. In Ghana, bamboo use as fodder is largely unknown and efforts to promote its use will require an understanding of base feed quality and results disseminated. Therefore, a field fodder quality experimentation using twenty Djallonké kids (juvenile goats) of 1-year-old with a mean initial weight of 13.77 ± 1.16 kg for the trial and allotted to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized block design with five replicates per treatment was conducted. The study sought to assess the effect of leaves of two bamboo species (Oxytenanthera abyssinica and Bambusa balcooa) as a feed supplement to goats fed on basal diets of Pennisetum purpureum and Brachiaria decumbens. The fodder quality results indicated that nutrient composition and in vitro gas production of the treatments varied significantly among the grasses and the bamboo supplement. The highest crude protein and in vitro gas production was observed in O. abyssinica. Besides, O. abyssinica diets recorded the highest daily gain and the lowest feed-to-gain ratio. The treatment effect was significant on blood variables measured. Bamboo leaves are a viable feed supplement for goats as shown by their nutrient profile and positive influence on the growth performance of goats. Hence, the leaves of any of the bamboo species could be used as supplemental feed for goats.
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Bhat, G. M., M. A. Islam, A. R. Malik, T. A. Rather, F. A. Shah Khan, and A. H. Mir. "Productivity and economic evaluation of Willow (Salix alba L.) based silvopastoral agroforestry system in Kashmir valley." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 11, no. 3 (September 10, 2019): 743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v11i3.2104.
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Performance of two fodder crops namely, sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) was investigated with Willow (Salix alba L.) to evaluate productivity and economics of the silvopastoral agroforestry system in Kashmir valley. The experiment was laid out by planting two year old willows at 2.0m × 2.0m spacing and dividing the main plot into sub-plots of size 8m × 2m each with 5 replications in randomized block design (RDB). The intercrops of sorghum and maize were maintained at 20cm × 10 cm spacing and supplied with recommended doses of fertilizers. The economics of the willow plantation intercropped with fodder crops was compared with sole willow farming by the benefit-cost ratio and net present worth. The study revealed the differential behaviour of Salix alba regarding growth parameters (height, diameter and girth) by different intercrops and various fodder intercrops with respect to yield, above ground biomass, dry matter production and soil nutrient status (pH, organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). The willow based silvopastoral system was estimated to have benefit-cost ratio of 2.71 with maize and 2.68 with sorghum, while as sole crop the willows accrued a benefit-cost ratio of 2.66. The study is useful in discovering growth of willows, productivity of fodder crops and soil nutrient status under various silvopastoral agroforestry systems for maximizing economic gains. The findings envisaged evidences in favour of adopting willow based silvopastoral agroforestry instead of sole tree farming and the knowledge of interactions will be helpful in proper management of the system for sustained multiple productions.
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Muklada, Hussein, Eric S. Fabio, and Lawrence B. Smart. "Growth, Nitrogen Uptake, and Nutritional Value of a Diverse Panel of Shrub Willow (Salix spp.) Genotypes in Response to Nitrogen Fertilization." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 2678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112678.
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Riparian buffers are a practical strategy to reduce N runoff. Shrub willows (Salix spp.) are a well-suited natural means to manage water quality due to dense aboveground biomass growth, diffuse root systems at a shallow depth, and low water- and nutrient-use efficiencies that will maximize uptake. Perennial forage crops in the margins of agricultural lands could provide biomass for fodder. The response of fifty genotypes to a single N level of fertilizer under standard conditions at a very high nutrient loading level (500 ppm N, delivered weekly) was compared with water-only controls. Irrigation with excess N caused greater aboveground growth measured as biomass, stem length, and diameter, as well as morphological properties that varied significantly by genotype, indicating a potential for selection in a breeding program. SPAD was a reliable indicator of the effect of fertilizer on foliar crude protein and showed different effects of fertilizer on N uptake and nutritional value among genotypes. We identified genotypes that display high N uptake and good relative feed value. This intentional design for environmental benefits could have a dual purpose should this potentially nutrient-dense biomass by used as fodder for small ruminants.
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Chatzimpiros, P., and S. Barles. "Nitrogen food-print: N use and N cascade from livestock systems in relation to pork, beef and milk supply to Paris." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 2 (February 20, 2012): 1971–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-1971-2012.
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Abstract. A bottom-up approach is constructed to determine N losses from livestock farming systems and to relate these losses to the supply of fresh milk, pig and beef to Paris. First, the three products are expressed in terms of their nitrogen content; then, their fodder equivalent is determined by modelling feed formulas for swine, beef and dairy cows to meet their energy and protein requirements. Fodder deficits in livestock farms are determined by comparing the nutrient requirements of the livestock with the fodder production on the livestock farms. This allowed determining the geography of the livestock systems according to the imports of fodder to the livestock farms from external crop farms. Then we assessed the "farm-gate" N budgets in all crop and livestock farms of the entire livestock systems using data on total N fertilization, atmospheric deposition and manure management practices to finally derive N losses in relation to fodder cultivation and to manure management. Measured in N, the supply of milk, beef and pig to Paris sum 1.85 kg N/cap and the corresponding N losses from the farming systems total 8.9 kg N/cap. N losses per unit of product differ among the three livestock systems according to where and how the fodder is grown and to what densities the livestock is reared.
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Kamathker, A., K. B. Ranpariya, and J. V. Polara. "Influence of saline and sodic irrigation water on Bajra- II : Effect on concentration and uptake of nutrient." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 17, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijps/17.1/28-31.
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A pot experiment was conducted at Net House, Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh to assess the different levels of saline and sodic irrigation water on content and uptake of nutrient by bajra during the summer-2020. The treatment consist of four levels for each of salinity (2, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1) and sodicity (5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 SAR) of irrigation water on Bajra by adopting factorial CRD with three replications. The results indicated that application of different levels of saline and sodic irrigation water produced significant effect on concentration and uptake of N, P and K by grain and fodder of bajra crop.The highest N, P and K content (1.11%, 0.31% and 0.60 %) and uptake (225.5, 62.6 and 121.2 mg pot-1) by grain and content (0.88 %, 0.21% and 0.33%) and uptake (976.0, 225.8 and 362.5 mg pot-1) by fodder were observed with EC 2 dS m-1 level of salinity of irrigation water and the lowest content and uptake by grain were observed with EC 8 dS m-1 level of salinity of irrigation water, respectively. While the highest N, P and K content (1.15%, 0.30% and 0.59%) and uptake (256.9, 67.5 and 131.4 mg pot-1) by grain and content (0.98%, 0.19% and 0.34%) and uptake (1072.7, 210.6, 370.2 mg pot-1) by fodder were observed with SAR-5.0level of sodicity of irrigation water and the lowest content and uptake by grain were observed with SAR-20.0level of sodicityof irrigation water. The interaction effect between salinity and sodicity levels of irrigation water on uptake of N by grain and fodder where found significantly the highest with C1× S1(EC-2.0 dSm-1 ×SAR-5.0) level of salinity and sodicity of irrigation water.
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Ghimire, R. P., D. P. Adhikari, D. Adhikari, S. H. Ghimire, and R. Amgain. "Comparison of Fodder Species with or without Nutrient Supplementation for Paddy Straw-based Dairy Cattle Production in Hills of Nepal." Journal of Agroforestry and Environment 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.55706/jae1510.
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Productivity of crossbred dairy cattle in the milk production pockets of Nepali hills are considerably low due to their severe undernourishment in the paddy straw-based feeding regimes. An experiment was carried out at on-farm of Tanahun district in order to compare popular fodders (Ficus semicordata cv. Montana S.M. Amatya and Pennisetum purpureum K. Schumach. cv Mott) with and without nutrient supplementation via the urea-molasses-mineral block (UMMB) for milk yield, milk fat content and lactometer reading. The experiment was conducted in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 10 replications. The milking cattle of Jersey crossbred from third to fifth parities with similar milk yields and stages of lactation were taken as the experimental animals. The results of the study showed that Rai khanayo (F. semicordata) fodder performed better (p<0.01) than Napier (P. purpureum) for milk yield, milk fat content, and lactometer reading. Likely, significantly enhanced (p<0.05) milk yield with better fat content and lactometer reading were obtained for the UMMB supplemented group. Feeding 10 kg of F. semicordata fodder with 300 g of UMMB supplementation, 10 kg of rice straw and 2 kg of wheat bran as the daily ration improved the milk yield, milk fat content, and lactometer reading considerably (p<0.05) than other treatment combinations in the farmers’ field. These simple and practical technologies can rigorously be used for the substantial improvement of the milk yield and its constituents of crossbred dairy cattle, and also for their health in the hills of Nepal.