Academic literature on the topic 'Focalisation spatiale de données'
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Journal articles on the topic "Focalisation spatiale de données"
Ferraz, Antonio. "DÉTECTION À HAUTE RÉSOLUTION SPATIALE DE LA DESSERTE FORESTIÈRE EN MILIEU MONTAGNEUX." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection 1, no. 211-212 (December 6, 2015): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2015.549.
Full textAubry, Philippe, and Hervé Piégay. "Pratique de l’analyse de l’autocorrélation spatiale en géomorphologie : définitions opératoires et tests." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 55, no. 2 (June 21, 2004): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/008297ar.
Full textBouchard, Diana C. "L’autocorrélation spatiale et les données de santé : une étude préliminaire." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 20, no. 51 (April 12, 2005): 521–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021333ar.
Full textMari, Jean-François, Florence Le Ber, and Marc Benoît. "Segmentation temporelle et spatiale de données agricoles." Revue internationale de géomatique 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2002): 439–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.12.439-460.
Full textTreps, Nicolas. "De l’imagerie quantique aux télécommunications : une histoire de modes." Photoniques, no. 92 (July 2018): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/20189225.
Full textSène, Abdourahmane Mbade, and Claude Codjia. "Dynamiques de l’aménagement du territoire et inégalités sociospatiales au Sénégal." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 60, no. 169 (January 16, 2017): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038663ar.
Full textPrener, Christopher. "Digitizing and Visualizing Sketch Map Data: A Semi-Structured Approach to Qualitative GIS." Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 267–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cart-2020-0030.
Full textDubé, Jean. "Une méthode de réconciliation des données d’enquêtes pour évaluer la dynamique spatiale de l’emploi au Canada, 1987-2008 : Application à l’Enquête sur la population active (EPA)." Articles 87, no. 1 (November 9, 2011): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1006337ar.
Full textBrachet, Christophe, Alice Andral, Georges Gulemvuga Guzanga, Blaise Léandre Tondo, Pierre-Olivier Malaterre, and Sébastien Legrand. "Suivi hydrologique par altimétrie spatiale dans le bassin du Congo." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 384 (November 16, 2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-384-37-2021.
Full textCheriguene, Rabia Sarah, and Habib Mahi. "Comparaison entre les méthodes J-SEG et MEANSHIFT : application sur des données THRS." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 203 (April 8, 2014): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2013.27.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Focalisation spatiale de données"
Molineaux, Guylian. "Spatial Data Focusing for High-Precision Wireless Geocasting : Theoretical System Design and Practical Proof of Concept." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS491.
Full textThis thesis investigates spatial data focusing (SDF) as a means of performing wireless physical-layer geocasting, i.e. location-based multicasting or geographically-confined broadcasting. This novel approach can aid in providing location-based services and messaging to large groups of mobile devices that exist in emerging internet-of-things frameworks for smart cities, industries, healthcare, etc., providing users with information that is related or contextualized to their geographical location. It addresses and avoids privacy concerns that exist in conventional location-based services, where users are required to disclose their location. In addition, it overcomes node self-localization requirements and the challenging balance between overhead, scalability, and delivery rate that exist in network-layer geocast routing algorithms. Most importantly, it succeeds in increasing precision, reducing array size, and minimizing complexity - the most crucial conditions in making physical-layer geocasting an attractive scheme - compared to conventional beamforming-based power focusing approaches. Within the SDF framework, it additionally addresses two fundamental shortcomings. That is, (i) a limitation to focusing in the angular domain only or, equivalently, the inability for range-domain focusing and (ii) a severe sensitivity to multipath propagation that jeopardizes correct operation outside hypothetical free space channels. They are overcome by designing two novel SDF architectures that exploit multi-frequency transmission resources in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and frequency diverse array (FDA) framework. Additionally, an experimental proof-of-concept SDF architecture is developed that demonstrates its practical achievability as a novel geocasting technique
Odhiambo, Michael Derrick. "Spatial data focusing using direct sequence spread spectrum modulation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS060.
Full textThis work proposes the implementation of Spatial Data Focusing (SDF) using spread spectrum techniques. SDF was recently proposed as a candidate alternative to classical power focusing schemes in wireless geocasting applications. Unlike power focusing approaches where radiated power is directed to a defined direction, in SDF, it is the data to be transmitted that is processed in such a manner that it can only be decoded at a predefined location. This work exploits the dual orthogonality due to classical quadrature components and orthogonal Gold spreading sequences to design the IQ and spread spectrum based spatial data focusing (DSSS-SDF-IQ) scheme. It is demonstrated that SDF attains better spatial selectivity than classical power focusing for a given antenna array size. The robustness of the proposed scheme is subsequently demonstrated by implementing it over a classical Urban Canyon 6-ray multipath channel model, where it is shown that the scheme can exhibit beamwidth as narrow as 1 degree with only a 4-antenna array. In SDF, the beamwidth is defined as the area within which data can be decoded as opposed to classical half power beamwidth. Chapter 1 introduces the concept of geocasting. Chapter 2 reviews the different techniques that enable directional capabilities on base stations. Chapter 3 introduces the principles of direct sequence spread spectrum based SDF. Chapter 4 investigates the influence of multipath channel on DSSS-SDF scheme. For all the cases studied above, relevant simulations are implemeneted to validate the discussions. Chapter 5 summarizes the work with a conclusion and perspective on possible future research directions
Gharbi, Zied. "Contribution à l’économétrie spatiale et l’analyse de données fonctionnelles." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A012/document.
Full textThis thesis covers two important fields of research in inferential statistics, namely spatial econometrics and functional data analysis. More precisely, we have focused on the analysis of real spatial or spatio-functional data by extending certain inferential methods to take into account a possible spatial dependence. We first considered the estimation of a spatial autoregressive model (SAR) with a functional dependent variable and a real response variable using observations on a given geographical unit. This is a regression model with the specificity that each observation of the independent variable collected in a geographical location depends on observations of the same variable in neighboring locations. This relationship between neighbors is generally measured by a square matrix called the spatial weighting matrix, which measures the interaction effect between neighboring spatial units. This matrix is assumed to be exogenous, i.e. the metric used to construct it does not depend on the explanatory variable. The contribution of this thesis to this model lies in the fact that the explanatory variable is of a functional nature, with values in a space of infinite dimension. Our estimation methodology is based on a dimension reduction of the functional explanatory variable through functional principal component analysis followed by maximization of the truncated likelihood of the model. Asymptotic properties of the estimators, illustrations of the performance of the estimators via a Monte Carlo study and an application to real environmental data were considered. In the second contribution, we use the functional SAR model studied in the first part by considering an endogenous structure of the spatial weighting matrix. Instead of using a geographical criterion to calculate the dependencies between neighboring locations, we calculate them via an endogenous process, i.e. one that depends on explanatory variables. We apply the same two-step estimation approach described above and study the performance of the proposed estimator for finite or infinite-tending samples. In the third part of this thesis we focus on heteroskedasticity in partially linear models for real exogenous variables and binary response variable. We propose a spatial Probit model containing a non-parametric part. Spatial dependence is introduced at the level of errors (perturbations) of the model considered. The estimation of the parametric and non-parametric parts of the model is recursive and consists of first setting the parametric parameters and estimating the non-parametric part using the weighted likelihood method and then using the latter estimate to construct a likelihood profile to estimate the parametric part. The performance of the proposed method is investigated via a Monte-Carlo study. An empirical study on the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in Sweden using some spatial econometric tools finishes the document
Boutin, Denis. "Outils de mise à jour de données distribuées application aux données à référence spatiale." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0016/MQ56871.pdf.
Full textJouini, Khaled. "Optimisation de la localité spatiale des données temporelles et multiversions." Paris 9, 2008. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090016.
Full textThe efficient management of temporal and multiversion data is crucial for many traditional and emerging database applications. A major performance bottleneck for database systems is the memory hierarchy. One of the main means for optimizing the utilization of the memory hierarchy is to optimize data spatial locality, i. E. To put contiguously data that are likely to be read simultaneously. The problem studied in this thesis is to optimize temporal and multiversion data spatial locality at all levels of the memory hierarchy, using index structures and storage policies. In particular, this thesis proposes a cost model, the steady state analysis, allowing an accurate estimation of the performance of different index structures. The analysis provides database designers tools allowing them to determine the most suitable index structure, for given data and application characteristics. This thesis also studies the impact of version redundancy on L2 cache utilization. It proposes two storage models which, in contrast with the standard storage models, avoid version redundancy and optimize L2 cache and main memory bandwidth utilization
Zenasni, Sarah. "Extraction d'information spatiale à partir de données textuelles non-standards." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS076/document.
Full textThe extraction of spatial information from textual data has become an important research topic in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). It meets a crucial need in the information society, in particular, to improve the efficiency of Information Retrieval (IR) systems for different applications (tourism, spatial planning, opinion analysis, etc.). Such systems require a detailed analysis of the spatial information contained in the available textual data (web pages, e-mails, tweets, SMS, etc.). However, the multitude and the variety of these data, as well as the regular emergence of new forms of writing, make difficult the automatic extraction of information from such corpora.To meet these challenges, we propose, in this thesis, new text mining approaches allowing the automatic identification of variants of spatial entities and relations from textual data of the mediated communication. These approaches are based on three main contributions that provide intelligent navigation methods. Our first contribution focuses on the problem of recognition and identification of spatial entities from short messages corpora (SMS, tweets) characterized by weakly standardized modes of writing. The second contribution is dedicated to the identification of new forms/variants of spatial relations from these specific corpora. Finally, the third contribution concerns the identification of the semantic relations associated withthe textual spatial information
Ahmed, Mohamed Salem. "Contribution à la statistique spatiale et l'analyse de données fonctionnelles." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30047/document.
Full textThis thesis is about statistical inference for spatial and/or functional data. Indeed, weare interested in estimation of unknown parameters of some models from random or nonrandom(stratified) samples composed of independent or spatially dependent variables.The specificity of the proposed methods lies in the fact that they take into considerationthe considered sample nature (stratified or spatial sample).We begin by studying data valued in a space of infinite dimension or so-called ”functionaldata”. First, we study a functional binary choice model explored in a case-controlor choice-based sample design context. The specificity of this study is that the proposedmethod takes into account the sampling scheme. We describe a conditional likelihoodfunction under the sampling distribution and a reduction of dimension strategy to definea feasible conditional maximum likelihood estimator of the model. Asymptotic propertiesof the proposed estimates as well as their application to simulated and real data are given.Secondly, we explore a functional linear autoregressive spatial model whose particularityis on the functional nature of the explanatory variable and the structure of the spatialdependence. The estimation procedure consists of reducing the infinite dimension of thefunctional variable and maximizing a quasi-likelihood function. We establish the consistencyand asymptotic normality of the estimator. The usefulness of the methodology isillustrated via simulations and an application to some real data.In the second part of the thesis, we address some estimation and prediction problemsof real random spatial variables. We start by generalizing the k-nearest neighbors method,namely k-NN, to predict a spatial process at non-observed locations using some covariates.The specificity of the proposed k-NN predictor lies in the fact that it is flexible and allowsa number of heterogeneity in the covariate. We establish the almost complete convergencewith rates of the spatial predictor whose performance is ensured by an application oversimulated and environmental data. In addition, we generalize the partially linear probitmodel of independent data to the spatial case. We use a linear process for disturbancesallowing various spatial dependencies and propose a semiparametric estimation approachbased on weighted likelihood and generalized method of moments methods. We establishthe consistency and asymptotic distribution of the proposed estimators and investigate thefinite sample performance of the estimators on simulated data. We end by an applicationof spatial binary choice models to identify UADT (Upper aerodigestive tract) cancer riskfactors in the north region of France which displays the highest rates of such cancerincidence and mortality of the country
Pasqua, Roberto. "Inférence et modèles de données personnelles : mobilité sociale, proximité spatiale." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30195/document.
Full textThe wide diffusion of smart portable devices allows the collection of a big amount of data concerning the activities of users from mobile apps. We focus our attention on location data, i.e. mobility traces, of a set of users in a crowd. Data collected from these mobile systems are studied following two axies: - Mobility models are used to simulate the behavior of users to develop opportunistic forwarding algorithms. We compare real and synthetic mobility traces to show the distance between the reality and the models. - Information on mobility may endanger the privacy of users. We analyze the impact of such information on privacy of users. The main contributions are: - We analyze the spatial and social properties of human motion from real traces collected by a highly accurate experimental localization system. - We compare the real traces with synthetic mobility traces generated from seven popular mobility models - We provide an inference algorithm based on co-location of users and we show its efficiency on different datasets. - We quantify the effect of probabilistic co-location information by means of a novel co-location attack
Engélinus, Jonathan. "Elaboration d'un moteur de traitement des données spatiales massives vectorielles optimisant l'indexation spatiale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28046.
Full textBig data are in the midst of many scientific and economic issues. Furthermore their volume is continuously increasing. As a result, the need for management and processing solutions has become critical. Unfortunately, while most of these data have a vectorial spatial component, almost none of the current systems are able to manage it. In addition, the few systems who try either do not respect the ISO standards and OGC specifications or show poor performances. The aim of this research was then to determine how to manage the vectorial massive data more completely and efficiently. The objective was to find a scalable way of indexing them, ensuring their compatibility with ISO-19125 and its extensions, and making them accessible from GIS. The result is the Elcano system. It is an extension of the massive data management system Spark which provides increased performance compared to current market solutions.
Hardy, Emilie. "Procédures expérimentales et traitement des données associées pour la mission spatiale MICROSCOPE." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2013. https://hal.science/tel-02095140.
Full textThe MICROSCOPE space mission aims at testing the Equivalence Principle with an accuracy of 1E-15. The instrument will be embarked on board a drag-free microsatellite, and consists in a differential electrostatic accelerometer composed of two test masses submitted to the same gravitional field but made of different material. The accelerations applied to the masses to maintain them relatively motionless are measured and will demonstrate a violation of the universality of free fall if found unequal. The accuracy of the measurement exploited for the test is limited by our a priori knowledge of the instrument physical parameters. An in-orbit calibration is needed to finely characterize them in order to correct the measurement. Appropriate calibration procedures have been determined. In order to validate their performances, they have been implemented in a software tool dedicated to the calibration sessions which simulates the instrument, the satellite and its environment. Other pertubations must be considered during the data analysis : numerical effects arise from the finite time span of the measurement. These effects have been evaluated and a procedure has been determined to process the data with minimal numerical perturbations, in a nominal situation as well as in the case of missing data, which may amplify these effects. Finally, a simulator has been developed for the entire mission scenario in order to study the association of instrumental and numerical simulations. This tool enables to simulate both the calibration sessions and the sessions for the test of the Equivalence Principle, and is therefore used to validate the protocol of measurement correction and analysis
Books on the topic "Focalisation spatiale de données"
Jean-Pierre, Bocquet-Appel, Courgeau Daniel, and Pumain Denise, eds. Spatial analysis of biodemographic data: Analyse spatiale de données biodémographiques / coordonné par Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel, Daniel Courgeau et Denise Pumain. Montrouge, France: John Libbey Eurotext, 1996.
Find full textGérardin, V. Une classification climatique du Québec à partir de modèles de distribution spatiale de données climatiques mensuelles: Vers une definition des bioclimats du Quebec. [Québec]: Direction du patrimoine ecologique et du developpement durable, Ministere de l'Environnement, 2001.
Find full textMichael, Cheliak William, Canadian Forestry Service, Geomatics International, and Service canadien des forêts, eds. Spatial information management concepts and strategies for the Canadian Forest Service : a blueprint for actions towards a Canadian forest spatial data infrastructure : report =: Concepts et stratégies de gestion de l'information spatiale pour le Service canadien des forêts : plan d'action pour une infrastructure de données spatiales concernant les forêts canadiennes : rapport. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Forest Service = Service canadien des forêts, 1996.
Find full textAndrienko, Natalia, and Gennady Andrienko. Exploratory Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Data: A Systematic Approach. Springer London, Limited, 2006.
Find full textExploratory Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Data: A Systematic Approach. Springer, 2005.
Find full textAndrienko, Natalia, and Gennady Andrienko. Exploratory Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Data: A Systematic Approach. Springer, 2016.
Find full textStern, Eliahu, Graham Clarke, and John R. Lombard. Applied Spatial Modelling and Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
Find full textStern, Eliahu, Graham Clarke, and John R. Lombard. Applied Spatial Modelling and Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Find full textApplied Spatial Modelling and Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Find full textStern, Eliahu, Graham Clarke, and John R. Lombard. Applied Spatial Modelling and Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Focalisation spatiale de données"
Courgeau, Daniel. "Les données d’enquête." In Méthodes de mesure de la mobilité spatiale, 137–92. Ined Éditions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.ined.15800.
Full textCourgeau, Daniel. "Estimations à partir de données incomplètes." In Méthodes de mesure de la mobilité spatiale, 325–38. Ined Éditions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.ined.15850.
Full textDUPUTEL, Zacharie. "Phase co-sismique : imagerie de la rupture sismique." In Le cycle sismique, 77–118. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch2.
Full textCourgeau, Daniel. "Les données de recensement sur la mobilité." In Méthodes de mesure de la mobilité spatiale. Ined Éditions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.ined.15795.
Full textGRASLAND, Claude. "Exploration, agrégation et visualisation spatiotemporelle de données massives." In Traitements et cartographie de l’information géographique, 273–302. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9161.ch8.
Full textBrunel, Adrien, Alessandre Giorgis, Noé Bente, Gilles Domalain, and Sophie Lanco Bertrand. "Chapitre 12. La planification spatiale marine dans les contextes pauvres en données." In Planification spatiale marine en Atlantique tropical. IRD Éditions, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.44909.
Full textHILAL, Mohamed, and Julie LE GALLO. "Carte et modèle statistique pour explorer l’hétérogénéité spatiale." In Traitements et cartographie de l’information géographique, 147–88. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9161.ch5.
Full textENCRENAZ, Thérèse, Marcello FULCHIGNONI, Laurent LAMY, Françoise ROQUES, and James LEQUEUX. "Méthodes d’étude du Système solaire." In Le Système solaire 2, 279–328. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9034.ch6.
Full textCEBEILLAC, Alexandre, and Éric DAUDÉ. "Mobilité quotidienne et diffusion des épidémies." In Mobilité quotidienne et santé, 7–47. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9109.ch1.
Full textGauthier, Estelle, Olivier Weller, Pierre Pétrequin, Maréva Gabillot, Robin Brigand, Jehanne Affolter, Pierre Allard, et al. "Les jeux de données et leur exploitabilité." In ARCHAEDYN. Dynamique spatiale des territoires de la Préhistoire au Moyen Âge. Volume 1, 101–22. Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pufc.46812.
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