Relevant bibliographies by topics / Foam cells

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Foam cells'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Foam cells"

1

Damiani, Stefania, Maria Grazia Cattani, Laura Buonamici, and V. Eusebi. "Mammary foam cells." Virchows Archiv 432, no. 5 (May 19, 1998): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050187.

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FOWLER, STANLEY D., EUGENE P. MAYER, and PHILLIP GREENSPAN. "Foam Cells and Atherogenesisa." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 454, no. 1 (October 1985): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb11846.x.

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Yu, Xiao-Hua, Yu-Chang Fu, Da-Wei Zhang, Kai Yin, and Chao-Ke Tang. "Foam cells in atherosclerosis." Clinica Chimica Acta 424 (September 2013): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2013.06.006.

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Kraynik, Andrew M. "Foam Structure: From Soap Froth to Solid Foams." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 4 (April 2003): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.80.

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AbstractThe properties of solid foams depend on their structure, which usually evolves in the fluid state as gas bubbles expand to form polyhedral cells. The characteristic feature of foam structure—randomly packed cells of different sizes and shapes—is examined in this article by considering soap froth. This material can be modeled as a network of minimal surfaces that divide space into polyhedral cells. The cell-level geometry of random soap froth is calculated with Brakke's Surface Evolver software. The distribution of cell volumes ranges from monodisperse to highly polydisperse. Topological and geometric properties, such as surface area and edge length, of the entire foam and individual cells, are discussed. The shape of struts in solid foams is related to Plateau borders in liquid foams and calculated for different volume fractions of material. The models of soap froth are used as templates to produce finite element models of open-cell foams. Three-dimensional images of open-cell foams obtained with x-ray microtomography allow virtual reconstruction of skeletal structures that compare well with the Surface Evolver simulations of soap-froth geometry.
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Shashkin, P., B. Dragulev, and K. Ley. "Macrophage Differentiation to Foam Cells." Current Pharmaceutical Design 11, no. 23 (September 1, 2005): 3061–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612054865064.

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Kruth, Howard, S. "Macrophage foam cells and atherosclerosis." Frontiers in Bioscience 6, no. 1 (2001): d429. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/kruth.

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Kruth, Howard S. "Macrophage foam cells and atherosclerosis." Frontiers in Bioscience 6, no. 3 (2001): d429–455. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/a620.

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Parthasarathy, S., T. R. Das, R. Kumar, and K. S. Gopalakrishnan. "Foam separation of microbial cells." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 32, no. 2 (July 5, 1988): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320207.

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Beranek, J. T. "Histogenesis of foam cells in xanthomas." Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 16, no. 5 (September 1991): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1991.tb00414.x.

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Reiss, Allison B., and Bruce N. Cronstein. "Regulation of Foam Cells by Adenosine." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 32, no. 4 (April 2012): 879–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.111.226878.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Foam cells"

1

FOGLI, Eleonora. "Adenosine receptors modulation of inflammatory cells: the foam cells history." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389328.

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Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside that is constitutively present at low levels outside the cells but might dramatically increase its concentrations following metabolic stress conditions like those induced by hypoxia or ischaemia. After its release adenosine induces its biological effects through the interaction with four cell surface receptors classified by molecular, biochemical and pharmacological data into four subtypes: A1, A2A, A2B and A3. Adenosine through the interaction with A2 and A3 receptors plays a crucial role in inflammation and in the regulation of immune cells. A2A receptors, proposed as “natural” brakes of inflammation, appear to represent a promising pharmacological target to treat a wide variety of diseases characterized by a strong immunoinflammatory component. On the other hand, it may be advantageous in some circumstances to enhance certain aspects of inflammation in order to eliminate the causative agent, as in the case of cancer. In fact, it has to be remarked that tumour defence mechanisms are akin to inflammatory processes. Solid tumours, due to their abnormal vasculature, are often hypoxic and show increased levels of adenosine that may be an important mediator of tumour-associated immunosuppression. It is likely that killer T cells that may be recruited against cancer cells fail to act in an effective manner due to the high level of adenosine in the tumour microenvironment. Because several of these immunosuppressive effects have been attributed to the stimulation of A3 and A2A receptors, expressed on the surface of T cells, adenosine antagonists of these subtypes may be potentially useful in the immunotherapy of cancer. The interest in the elucidation of A3 adenosine receptor involvement in inflammation is evident from the large amount of experimental work carried out in peripheral blood cells of the immune system and in a variety of inflammatory conditions. A3 adenosine receptor subtype play a complex role as both pro and anti-inflammatory effects depending not only on the cell types investigated but also on the model of inflammation used and the species considered. In this study we discuss developments in our understanding of the role of adenosine A3 receptor activation in the function of the different types of cells of the immune system including neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Then we focused our attention on the role of adenosine in atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries, characterized by an hypoxic region with an high concentration of adenosine and a large number of foam cells. Foam cells formation by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) accumulation in macrophages is crucial for development of atherosclerosis. Hypoxia has been demonstrated in atherosclerosis and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) has been shown to promote intraplaque angiogenesis and foam cells development. As hypoxia induces HIF-1α stabilization and adenosine accumulation, we investigated whether this nucleoside regulates HIF-1α in FC. Adenosine, under hypoxia, stimulates HIF-1α accumulation by activating all adenosine receptors, while it has only a slight effect in normoxia. HIF-1α modulation involved extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation in the case of A1, A2A, A2B and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation in the case of A3 receptors. Ado, through the activation of A3 and A2B receptors, stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion in a HIF-1α dependent way. Furthermore ado, through the A2B subtype, induces an increase of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion in a ERK 1/2, p38 and Akt kinases-dependent but not HIF-1α-mediated way. Finally, adenosine stimulates FC formation and this effect is strongly reduced by A3 and A2B blockers and by HIF-1α silencing. In conclusion this study provides the first evidence that A3, A2B or mixed A3/A2B antagonists may be useful to block important steps in the atherosclerotic plaque development adoinduced.
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Wang, Yenfeng. "The role of mast cells in foam cell formation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 1999. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/bioti/vk/wang/.

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Davies, Sian Patricia Mary. "7,8-Dihydroneopterin and its effect on the formation of foam cells." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10908.

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Atherosclerosis (Heart Disease) is an inflammatory disease caused by the formation of plaque within the arterial wall. In response to inflammation, monocytes enter the artery wall, differentiate into macrophages and take up altered low-density-lipoprotein (such as oxidised-LDL). This oxLDL is taken up into the phagocytotic macrophages via the action of the scavenger receptors. If more oxLDL is engulfed than the cell can process, they further differentiate into lipid-loaded foam cells. These are the main cell type found in atherosclerotic plaques. The scavenger receptor CD36 is responsible for 70% of oxLDL uptake by macrophages. Previous studies show that CD36 expression can be down regulated by the antioxidant, 7,8-dihydroneopterin. This research focuses on the effect of CD36 down regulation by 7,8-dihydroneopterin on foam cell formation. Human macrophages prepared from monocytes purified from human blood were incubated with copper oxidised LDL for up to 48 hours. Macrophage accumulation of the sterols was measured using a high performance chromatograph (HPLC) method developed as part of this project. The HPLC analysis measured: cholesterol, cholesteryl-oleate and -palmitate and 7-ketocholesterol accumulation within human macrophages. A flow cytometry procedure was developed where the strongly adherent macrophages could be lifted from the tissue culture plates before immuno staining for CD36. Effect of incubating macrophages with 7,8-dihydroneopterin on the formation of foam cells was studied by measuring the lipid content by HPLC and flow cytometry measurement of CD36. HPLC analysis showed non-cytotoxic levels of oxLDL produced a large accumulation of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in the macrophages. Cholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol and cholesteryl-oleate and -palmitate concentrations in the cells rose significantly over the first 24 hours and stayed at a steady level for the following 24 hours. CD36 levels was further analysed on human macrophages. This study shows that foam cell formation can be measured using human macrophages. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin treatment resulted in a reduction of cholesterol and oxysterol uptake back to basal levels. It also reduced CD36 cell surface expression by a third. These results suggest that even a small reduction in CD36 cell surface expression may have a large effect on foam cell formation. This is another mechanism by which 7,8-dihydroneopterin protects against atherosclerosis developing.
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Mozgowiec, Mark D. (Mark David). "The use of small cells to reduce radiation heat transfer in foam insulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26816.

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Brown, Bronnwyn Elizabeth. "The role of glycation and glycoxidation of low-density lipoproteins in foam cell formation." University of Sydney. Central Clinical School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/682.

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People with diabetes suffer from an increased incidence of atherosclerosis, possibly due to the hyperglycaemia associated with this disease. Glucose may covalently modify proteins via glycation and glycoxidation reactions. Reactive aldehydes (e.g. methylglyoxal and glycolaldehyde) generated from these glycation and glycoxidation reactions, lipid peroxidation and other metabolic pathways may also modify proteins in glycation and glycoxidation reactions. These reactions can result in the formation of advanced glycation end-products, which are increased in diabetes and associated complications such as atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are the main source of lipid in atherosclerotic plaques, and the lipid-laden foam cells contained within. Modification of the single protein in LDL, apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B) by glucose and aldehydes may result in recognition of these altered LDL particles by macrophage scavenger receptors and cellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters; such accumulation is characteristic of atherosclerotic foam cells. The extent and nature of the modifications of LDLs that give rise to this behaviour have been poorly characterised, especially in regards to modification/oxidation of protein versus lipid components induced by glucose and low-molecular-mass aldehydes. Therefore the aims of this project were to: 1) characterise LDL modification by glucose, methylglyoxal and glycolaldehyde; 2) examine the effect of these modified LDLs on arterial cells by monitoring cellular viability, proliferation and cholesterol and cholesteryl ester levels; and 3) examine macrophage handling of apo B from these modified LDLs. Glycolaldehyde induced more rapid and more extensive changes to LDL than methylglyoxal, which was significantly more modified than LDL exposed to glucose, in the presence or absence of Cu2+. LDL was modified by glycolaldehyde and methylglyoxal in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. These aldehyde-modified LDLs were significantly more negatively charged relative (determined by changes in relative electrophoretic mobility), more aggregated (by SDS-PAGE) and lost more Arg, Lys and Trp residues (assessed by fluorescence-based assays) than glucose-modified and control LDLs. Glucose-modified LDL had more modest increases in net negative charge, aggregation and only significantly lost Arg residues. Under the conditions examined none of the modified LDLs contained significant levels of the protein oxidation products DOPA and o-tyrosine, the lipid oxidation products 7-ketocholesterol and cholesteryl ester hydro(pero)oxides, nor marked depletion of the major antioxidant α-tocopherol or significant radical formation (EPR spectroscopy). Therefore these LDLs were glycated, but not (glyc)oxidised, and so allowed the cellular uptake of glycated LDL, rather than glycoxidised LDL, to be examined. These glycated LDLs had no effect on the cellular viability (assessed by LDH release), cell protein (BCA assay), and cholesterol and cholesteryl ester levels (quantified by reverse-phase HPLC) of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The glycated LDLs also had no effects on human and mouse macrophage viability, protein and free cholesterol levels. However, exposure of macrophages to some of the glycated LDLs resulted in significant accumulation of cholesteryl esters and apo B. The greatest cellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters was in cells exposed to glycolaldehyde-modified LDL, which occurred in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Less cholesteryl ester accumulation was observed in cells exposed to methylglyoxal-modified LDL, but some conditions resulted in significantly more cellular cholesteryl esters as compared to control LDLs, unlike glucose-modified LDL. Macrophages endocytosed significantly more apo B from glycolaldehyde-modified LDL labelled with 125I on the apo B, than methylglyoxal-modified 125I-LDL. Apo B from methylglyoxal-modified 125I-LDL was also endocytosed and degraded in greater amounts than control 125I-LDLs, unlike glucose-modified 125I-LDLs. The glycation of LDL by some low-molecular-mass aldehydes have been shown to result in model foam cell formation as characterised by cholesteryl ester and apo B accumulation. This accumulation correlated with increases in net negative charge, aggregation and loss of Lys and Trp residues of the apo B in glycated LDL particles. However, the differences in cellular uptake of glycolaldehyde- versus methylglyoxal-modified LDL were not completely resolved and it is postulated that this may arise from the extent or type of products formed on key amino acid residues, resulting in differential uptake by macrophage scavenger receptors, rather than loss of particular amino acids per se. Therefore these studies provide a potential mechanism to explain the increased atherosclerosis in people with diabetes, and a suitable model to examine the potential inhibition of the effects of glycated LDLs. This could provide potential therapeutic interventions to reduce diabetes-induced atherosclerosis.
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Brown, Bronnwyn Elizabeth. "The role of glycation and glycoxidation of low-density lipoproteins in foam cell formation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/682.

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People with diabetes suffer from an increased incidence of atherosclerosis, possibly due to the hyperglycaemia associated with this disease. Glucose may covalently modify proteins via glycation and glycoxidation reactions. Reactive aldehydes (e.g. methylglyoxal and glycolaldehyde) generated from these glycation and glycoxidation reactions, lipid peroxidation and other metabolic pathways may also modify proteins in glycation and glycoxidation reactions. These reactions can result in the formation of advanced glycation end-products, which are increased in diabetes and associated complications such as atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are the main source of lipid in atherosclerotic plaques, and the lipid-laden foam cells contained within. Modification of the single protein in LDL, apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B) by glucose and aldehydes may result in recognition of these altered LDL particles by macrophage scavenger receptors and cellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters; such accumulation is characteristic of atherosclerotic foam cells. The extent and nature of the modifications of LDLs that give rise to this behaviour have been poorly characterised, especially in regards to modification/oxidation of protein versus lipid components induced by glucose and low-molecular-mass aldehydes. Therefore the aims of this project were to: 1) characterise LDL modification by glucose, methylglyoxal and glycolaldehyde; 2) examine the effect of these modified LDLs on arterial cells by monitoring cellular viability, proliferation and cholesterol and cholesteryl ester levels; and 3) examine macrophage handling of apo B from these modified LDLs. Glycolaldehyde induced more rapid and more extensive changes to LDL than methylglyoxal, which was significantly more modified than LDL exposed to glucose, in the presence or absence of Cu2+. LDL was modified by glycolaldehyde and methylglyoxal in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. These aldehyde-modified LDLs were significantly more negatively charged relative (determined by changes in relative electrophoretic mobility), more aggregated (by SDS-PAGE) and lost more Arg, Lys and Trp residues (assessed by fluorescence-based assays) than glucose-modified and control LDLs. Glucose-modified LDL had more modest increases in net negative charge, aggregation and only significantly lost Arg residues. Under the conditions examined none of the modified LDLs contained significant levels of the protein oxidation products DOPA and o-tyrosine, the lipid oxidation products 7-ketocholesterol and cholesteryl ester hydro(pero)oxides, nor marked depletion of the major antioxidant α-tocopherol or significant radical formation (EPR spectroscopy). Therefore these LDLs were glycated, but not (glyc)oxidised, and so allowed the cellular uptake of glycated LDL, rather than glycoxidised LDL, to be examined. These glycated LDLs had no effect on the cellular viability (assessed by LDH release), cell protein (BCA assay), and cholesterol and cholesteryl ester levels (quantified by reverse-phase HPLC) of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The glycated LDLs also had no effects on human and mouse macrophage viability, protein and free cholesterol levels. However, exposure of macrophages to some of the glycated LDLs resulted in significant accumulation of cholesteryl esters and apo B. The greatest cellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters was in cells exposed to glycolaldehyde-modified LDL, which occurred in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Less cholesteryl ester accumulation was observed in cells exposed to methylglyoxal-modified LDL, but some conditions resulted in significantly more cellular cholesteryl esters as compared to control LDLs, unlike glucose-modified LDL. Macrophages endocytosed significantly more apo B from glycolaldehyde-modified LDL labelled with 125I on the apo B, than methylglyoxal-modified 125I-LDL. Apo B from methylglyoxal-modified 125I-LDL was also endocytosed and degraded in greater amounts than control 125I-LDLs, unlike glucose-modified 125I-LDLs. The glycation of LDL by some low-molecular-mass aldehydes have been shown to result in model foam cell formation as characterised by cholesteryl ester and apo B accumulation. This accumulation correlated with increases in net negative charge, aggregation and loss of Lys and Trp residues of the apo B in glycated LDL particles. However, the differences in cellular uptake of glycolaldehyde- versus methylglyoxal-modified LDL were not completely resolved and it is postulated that this may arise from the extent or type of products formed on key amino acid residues, resulting in differential uptake by macrophage scavenger receptors, rather than loss of particular amino acids per se. Therefore these studies provide a potential mechanism to explain the increased atherosclerosis in people with diabetes, and a suitable model to examine the potential inhibition of the effects of glycated LDLs. This could provide potential therapeutic interventions to reduce diabetes-induced atherosclerosis.
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Baldwin, Zachary D. "Characterization of Anode Conditions and Limitations in Direct Carbon Fuel Cells." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1248203858.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009
Title from PDF (viewed on 19 August 2009) Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Conway, James Patrick. "Systems biology analysis of macrophage foam cells finding a novel function for Peroxiredoxin I /." Connect to text online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1156961185.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2006.
[School of Medicine] Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.
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Conway, James Patrick. "Systems Biology Analysis of Macrophage Foam Cells: Finding a Novel Function for Peroxiredoxin I." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1156961185.

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Ouimet, Mireille. "Regulation of Lipid Droplet Cholesterol Efflux from Macrophage Foam Cells: a Role for Oxysterols and Autophagy." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20399.

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Macrophage foam cells are the major culprits in atherosclerotic lesions, having a prominent role in both lesion initiation and progression. With atherosclerosis being the main factor underlying cardiovascular complications, there is a long-standing interest on finding ways to reverse lipid buildup in plaques. Studies have shown that promoting reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from macrophage foam cells is anti-atherogenic because it alleviates the cholesterol burden of the plaques. The goal of this thesis was to gain insight into the mechanisms that govern cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. The first part of this study looked at the ability of different oxysterols to promote cholesterol efflux in unloaded as compared to lipid-loaded macrophages, and our major finding here is that epoxycholesterol decreases efflux in lipid-loaded macrophages. It appears that epoxycholesterol does so by impairing the release cholesterol from its cellular storage site, the lipid droplet (LD), where it accumulates in the form of cholesteryl esters (CE). These results highlighted the importance of cholesterol release from LDs for efflux; indeed, this process is increasingly being recognized as the rate-limiting step for RCT in vivo. Subsequent experiments aimed at elucidating the mechanisms that govern LD CE hydrolysis in macrophage foam cells lead to the discovery of a novel pathway involved in cholesterol efflux. Macrophage CE hydrolysis is classically defined as being entirely dependent on neutral CE hydrolases. In the second part of this study, we demonstrate that in addition to the canonical CE hydrolases, which mediate neutral lipid hydrolysis, lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) also participates in the hydrolysis of cytoplasmic CE. Autophagy is specifically triggered in macrophages by atherogenic lipoproteins and delivers LD CE to LAL in lysosomes, thus generating free cholesterol for efflux. This autophagy-mediated cholesterol efflux is a process that is primarily dependant on the ABCA1 transporter and, importantly, is important for whole-body RCT. Overall, the studies presented in this thesis support that macrophage LD CE hydrolysis is rate-limiting for cholesterol efflux and shed light on the mechanisms of cholesterol mobilization for efflux in macrophage foam cells.
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Books on the topic "Foam cells"

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Bottalico, Lori A. Regulation and consequences of macrophage foam cell formation. [New York]: [Columbia University], 1993.

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Pop-Iliev, Remon. Processing of fine-cell polypropylene foams in compounding-based rotational foam molding. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1999.

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Panno, Joseph. The cell: Exploring nature's first life-form. New York, NY: Facts on File, 2010.

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Panno, Joseph. The cell: Exploring nature's first life form. New York, NY: Facts on File, 2010.

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Bilodeau, Andre. Building your hull with the bead & cove foam system using core cell foam. [S.l.]: A. Bilodeau, 1997.

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J, Bereiter-Hahn, Anderson O. Roger 1937-, and Reif Wolf-Ernst, eds. Cytomechanics: The mechanical basis of cell form and structure. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Cell wall deficient forms: Stealth pathogens. 3rd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2001.

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Cell wall deficient forms: Stealth pathogens. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1993.

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Bereiter-Hahn, J. Cytomechanics: The Mechanical Basis of Cell Form and Structure. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987.

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Pivar, Stuart. On the origin of form: Evolution by self-organization. Berkeley, Calif: North Atlantic Books, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Foam cells"

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Tiedemann, Anne, Catherine Sherrington, Daina L. Sturnieks, Stephen R. Lord, Mark W. Rogers, Marie-Laure Mille, Paavo V. Komi, et al. "Foam Cells." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 349. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2409.

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de Ory, Ignacio, Gema Cabrera, Martin Ramirez, and Ana Blandino. "Immobilization of Cells on Polyurethane Foam." In Immobilization of Enzymes and Cells, 357–65. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-053-9_31.

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Maksem, John A., Stanley J. Robboy, John W. Bishop, and Isabelle Meiers. "Endometrial Epithelial Metaplasias and Foam Cells." In Endometrial Cytology with Tissue Correlations, 153–87. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89910-7_8.

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de Ory, Ignacio, Gema Cabrera, Martin Ramirez, and Ana Blandino. "Immobilization of Cells on Polyurethane Foam." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 407–15. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_27.

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Jeona, I., Y. Yamadab, T. Yamadab, K. Katoub, T. Sonodab, and T. Asahinab. "Effects of Missing Cells on the Compressive Behavior of Closed-Cell Al Foam." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 773–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_384.

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Koge, Kenji, Yutaka Orihara, and Tsutomu Furuya. "Caffeine Production by Polyurethane Foam Immobilized Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Cells." In Biochemical Engineering for 2001, 299–301. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68180-9_81.

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Gatamorta, F., E. Bayraktar, and M. H. Robert. "Preliminary Study on the Production of Open Cells Aluminum Foam by Using Organic Sugar as Space Holders." In Composite, Hybrid, and Multifunctional Materials, Volume 4, 7–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06992-0_2.

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Kornievsky, Alexandr S., and Andrey V. Nasedkin. "Finite Element Analysis of Foam Models Based on Regular and Irregular Arrays of Cubic Open Cells Having Uniform or Normal Distributions." In Advanced Materials Modelling for Mechanical, Medical and Biological Applications, 251–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81705-3_15.

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Staudt, H., D. Kling, and M. Nordlander. "Inhibitory effects of the Ca2+-antagonist Felodipine on the accumulation of monocytes and their transformation into foam cells in early atherosclerotic lesions." In Arteriosklerotische Gefäßerkrankungen, 385–94. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-19646-4_44.

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Karma, Alain, and Pierre Pelcé. "Deep Cells in Directional Solidification." In Growth and Form, 147–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1357-1_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Foam cells"

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Ganguli, S., A. K. Roy, and R. Wheeler. "Mechanical Properties of Microscale Graphitic Carbon Foam Ligaments and Nodes." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12582.

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Carbon foam is recognized as having the greatest potential to replacement for metal fins in thermal management systems such as heat exchangers, space radiators, and thermal protection systems [1–5]. Carbon foam refers to a broad class of materials that include reticulated glassy, carbon and graphitic foams that are generally open-cell or mostly open-cell. They can be tailored to have low or high thermal conductivity with a low coefficient of thermal expansion and density. These foams have high modulus but low compression and tensile strength. Among the carbon foams, the graphitic foam offers superior thermal management properties such as high thermal conductivity. Graphitic foams are made of a network of spheroidal shell segments. Each cell has thin, stretched ligaments in the walls that are joined at the nodes or junctions. The parallel arrangement of graphene planes in the ligaments confers highly anisotropic properties to the walls of the graphitic foams. The graphene planes tend to be oriented with the plane of the ligaments but become disrupted at the junctions (nodes) of the walls. Since conduction is highest along parallel graphene planes, the thermal conductivity is highest in the plane of the ligaments or struts, and much lower in the direction transverse to the plane of these ligaments. In a previous study [6] extensive mechanical and thermal property characterization of carbon foams from Kopper Inc. (L1) and POCO Graphite, Inc. (P1) were reported. These foams were graphitic ones that are expected to have high thermal conductivity. Figure 1 shows sections of light microscopy images of the three foams of four foams. The most important thing to notice is that the images were not at the same magnification. The large cells in the GrafTech foam have an average diameter of only ∼100 μm but have a bimodal distribution cells with many small closed-cells few micrometers in diameter. Changes in density in the GrafTech foam was accompanied by a change in the large cells’ diameter — larger diameter giving greater porosity and lower density without changing the smaller cells’ sizes that filled the solid phase between the larger bubbles. The POCO foam has a fairly uniform size cell distribution of a few hundred micrometers. The Koppers’ foams show larger cells yet with the left (“L” precursor) having a uniform size while the right-hand (“D” precursor) is a less uniform and lower porosity.
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Funke, Faustina, Hendrik Beckert, Sebastian Reuter, Lan Tran, Kaid Darwiche, Christian Taube, and Lutz Freitag. "Effects of Polymeric Foam on Bronchial Epithelial Cells." In Herbsttagung der Sektion Zellbiologie in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin e. V. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678410.

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Haack, David P., Kenneth R. Butcher, T. Kim, and T. J. Lu. "Novel Lightweight Metal Foam Heat Exchangers." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/pid-25616.

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Abstract An overview of open cell metal foam materials with application to advanced heat exchange devices is presented. The metal foam materials considered consist of interconnected cells in a random orientation. Metal foam materials, manufacture and fabrication into complex heat exchange components are described. Experiments with flat foam panels brazed to copper sheets shows increasing heat removal effectiveness with decreasing product pore size at equivalent coolant flow rates. However, the high-pressure drop associated with flow through small pore-size material makes the use of larger pore size material more attractive.
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Forghani, A., L. Garber, C. Chen, R. Devireddy, J. Pojman, and D. Hayes. "In Situ Polymerization of PEGDA Foam for Bone Defects." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51235.

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The purpose of this study is to develop a novel bone replacement using in situ polymerization of thiol-acrylate with adipose tissue derived adult stem cells (ASCs). Specifically, Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-co-trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) (PEGDA-co-TMPTMP) was synthesized with 10% Hydroxyapatite (HA) foam by an amine-catalyzed Michael addition reaction. Initial characterization studies were performed to determine the temperature profile during the exothermic reaction showing a peak temperature of 50°C. To prevent hyperthermic cell damage and death during the exothermic polymerization procedure, the hASCs were encapsulated in alginate. Characterization of the 3-D structure and interconnectivity of pores in the polymeric foam scaffolds were performed using FIB-SEM and Micro-CT showing uniform distribution of HA. Cell viability experiments within the polymeric scaffold were performed using Vybrant® MTT cell profileration method, as well as fluorescent dyes: Calcein-AM (live) and Ethidium homodimer-1 (dead) showing viability of cells inside the samples.
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Bianco, N., S. Cunsolo, W. K. S. Chiu, V. Naso, A. Migliozzi, and M. Oliviero. "Analysis of Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Through Idealized Open Cell Ceramic Foams: Comparison Between Kelvin and Weaire-Phelan Cell Structures." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17234.

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In the applications of metal foams, the knowledge of the thermal transport properties is of primary importance. Thermal properties of a foam heavily depend on its microstructure. However, the influence of some geometric characteristics of the foam cells on their properties is far from being understood. Foam models are promising tools to study the above said effects. The effect of the cell architecture on heat transfer and pressure drop in open cell foams is investigated numerically using two foam models. The Kelvin and the Weaire-Phelan foam models are developed in an open source software “Surface Evolver”. Heat transfer and pressure drop in samples with different porosities and cell dimensions are studied using COMSOL® Multiphysics. Finally, a comparison between the numerical results obtained from two foam models is carried out in order to evaluate the feasibility to substitute the Weaire-Phelan foam structure, which is more complex and computationally heavier, with the simpler Kelvin foam representation.
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Smirnova, Alevtina, Vladislav Sadykov, Natalia Mezentseva, Vladimir Usoltsev, Oleg Smorygo, Oleg Bobrenok, and Nikolai Uvarov. "Metal-Supported SOFC on Compressed Ni-Al Foam Substrates." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33268.

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This work presents results of design and characterization of metal-supported SOFC using a new type of metallic substrate made of foam Ni-Al alloy compatible with other cell components. Anode nanocomposites NiO/YSZ with graded grain size and porosity were supported via slip casting. A thin (∼ 10 μm) layer of YSZ was supported by MOCVD. Functionally graded layered cathode LSM/LSM+ScCeSZ was supported by electrostatic spray deposition. For button-size cells a power density up to 500 mW/cm2 at 700 °C was obtained using wet H2-air feeds. Cell performance was stable without degradation at short–term tests (∼100h) at 600–800 °C.
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Maurer, M., and E. Lugscheider. "Advanced Metal Foam Composites." In ITSC2002, edited by C. C. Berndt and E. Lugscheider. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2002p0739.

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Abstract Various methods of making metallic foams and sponges have been studied, although the materials have not yet been put to commercial use. For foams produced using powder metallurgy, this is largely due to the poor surface quality and limited wear resistance. With thermal spray coatings, however, the foams can be upgraded to lightweight composites with defined surfaces, high wear resistance, and significantly increased strength. In this paper, commercial aluminum foams with closed cells and a closed foaming skin are coated with metal and ceramic layers by means of electric arc and plasma spraying. The coated foams are characterized based on their microstructure and the results of uniaxial compression testing. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
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Filins'kyy, Leonid. "Study of Microwave Absorption in Foam Structures Using Microstrip Cells." In 2021 IEEE 3rd Ukraine Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (UKRCON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ukrcon53503.2021.9575319.

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Ramesh, N. S. "Bubble Growth in Thermoplastic Foam Extrusion." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0926.

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Abstract A condensed review will be presented regarding the bubble growth study. A modified model fitting to foam extrusion system will be discussed. The improved model focuses on the influence of blowing agent on bubble growth during thermoplastic foam extrusion. Extrusion has been conventionally used for producing low-density foam sheet and rods with physical blowing agents in the last decades. Foam nucleation, bubble growth, and cell coalescence are the three major events in the foaming process. Only the bubble growth study is addressed here. The bubble growth is influenced by the concentration-dependent blowing agent diffusion coefficient, transient cooling of the expanding foam, influence of blowing agent on polymer viscosity, and the escape of blowing agent from the surface of the foam. The blowing efficiency is affected by the escape of gas from the cells closer to the surface of the foam. Previous models in the literature do not consider these significant influences. A modified model will be presented accounting for those more subtle effects. In addition, a new experimental technique will be described to collect experimental bubble growth data. Predictions of the new model reasonably agree with the experimental data.
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Babaee, Sahab, Babak Haghpanah Jahromi, Amin Ajdari, Hamid Nayeb-Hashemi, and Ashkan Vaziri. "Mechanical Properties of Open-Cell Cellular Structures With Rhombic Dodecahedron Cells." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39924.

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We present a series of analytical models and finite element results (FE) for special 3-D open cellular foam to determine the effective material properties of a 3D rhombic dedecahedron open-cell cellular structure. The analytical approach is based on minimizing the total energy associated with small deformation of a single unit cell of the cellular structure. The finite element models were developed for both a single unit cell and three dimensional foam structure and used to obtain the mechanical properties in all three principal directions.
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Reports on the topic "Foam cells"

1

Barsky, Sanford H. The Origin and Significance of Mammary Intraductal Foam Cells. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada474713.

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Delmer, Deborah P., and Prem S. Chourey. The Importance of the Enzyme Sucrose Synthase for Cell Wall Synthesis in Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568771.bard.

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The goal of this work was to understand the role of the enzyme sucrose synthase (SuSy) in synthesis of cellulose and callose in plants. The work resulting from the this grant leads to a number of conclusions. SuSy clearly plays diverse roles in carbon metabolism. It can associate with the plasma membrane of cells undergoing rapid cellulose deposition, such as cotton fibers, developing maize endosperm, gravistimulated pulvini, and transfer cells of the cotton seed. It is also concentrated at sites of high callose deposition (tapetal cells; cell plates). When SuSy levels are lowered by mutation or by anti-sense technology, cell walls undergo degeneration (maize endosperm) and show reduced levels of cellulose (potato tubers). In sum, our evidence has very much strengthened the concept that SuSy does function in the plasma membrane to channel carbon from sucrose via UDP-glucose to glucan synthase complexes. Soluble SuSy also clearly plays a role in providing carbon for starch synthesis and respiration. Surprisingly, we found that the cotton seed is one unique case where SuSy apparently does not play a role in starch synthesis. Current evidence in sum suggests that no specific SuSy gene encodes the membrane-associated form, although in maize the SS 1 form of SuSy may be most important for cell wall synthesis in the early stages of endosperm development. Work is still in progress to determine what does control membrane localization - and the current evidence we have favors a role for Ca2+, and possibly also protein phosphorylation by differentially regulated protein kinases. Finally, we have discovered for the first time, a major new family of genes that encode the catalytic subunit of the cellulose synthase of plants - a result that has been widely cited and opens many new approaches for the study of this important plant function.
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Davis, Stephen C. Novel Elastomeric Closed Cell Foam - Nonwoven Fabric Composite Material (Phase III). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada513665.

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Gupta, Shweta. The Revolution of Human Organoids in Cell Biology. Natur Library, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47496/nl.blog.12.

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Organoids are a new research tool derived from human pluripotent or adult stem cells or somatic cells in vitro to form small, self-organizing 3-dimensional structures that simulate many of the functions of native organs
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Brand, A. D., T. J. Aucott, and D. P. Diprete. Gamma-ray imaging assay of cells 3-5 of the east cell line in the 235-F plutonium fuel form facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1361663.

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Flores, Katharine M. Production of Open Cell Bulk Metallic Glass Foam Structures via Electromechanical Forming. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada564439.

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Flores, Katharine. Production of Open Cell Bulk Metallic Glass Foam Structures via Electromechanical Forming. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada590177.

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Davis, Stephen C., and Jennifer L. Kalberer. Fire Resistant Composite Closed Cell Foam and Nonwoven Textiles for Tents and Shelters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459819.

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Vitali, Juan, and Haskell Beckham. Fire Resistant Closed Cell Foams for Aircraft Shelters Technical Review. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432566.

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Ching, Kathryn. Differential Control of ErbB2 Surface Expression in Breast Cancer Cells by an Alternatively Spliced Form of ERBIN. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427073.

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