Journal articles: 'FMFC'

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Kubota, Wataru, Dang Trang Nguyen, and Kozo Taguchi. "The Effectiveness of TiO₂-Loaded Air-Cathode in a Floating Microbial Fuel Cell." Key Engineering Materials 896 (August 10, 2021): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.896.67.

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This study shows the effectiveness of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) on a floating microbial fuel cell (FMFC). In the experiment, when a UV cutoff filter attached halogen lamp was used, the power density of the FMFC using pristine TiO₂ (P25) and the FMFC using TiO₂ sintered at 650 °C were was 2.11mW/m2 and 10.44 mW/m2 respectively. Next, when measured without UV cutoff filter, pristine TiO₂ type FMFC and 650°C sintered TiO₂ type FMFC recorded 2.93 mW/m2 and 11.93 mW/m2 respectively. From this result, it was confirmed that the power density was improved up to five times when the UV cutoff filter was used and four times when it was not used. According to the results of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), 650°C sintered TiO₂ is composed of more rutile phase than pristine TiO₂.

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Chiliza, Nompumelelo, Samson Adeoluwa Adewumi, and Bhekabantu Ntshangase. "“Fees Must Fall Campaign” in Higher Institutions of Learning: Understanding Staff Perceptions in University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 5, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i10.522.

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Three South-African Universities, including University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), constantly witnessed students’ protests because of yearly increment in tuition fees. In 2015/2016, an announcement of 10.5% tuition fee increment incited an even higher level of protests among students. Research on the perception of the impact of fees must fall campaign (FMFC), especially among university staff, remains minimal to date. The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of the FMFC on the perception of academic staff of the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Staff perceptions contribute significantly to the success and failure of the university or any organization. Data were elicited through a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews. The target population for this study were academic staff sampled from UKZN. A total of 20 academic staff were recruited with the convenient sampling approach. The NVivo (v.12) qualitative software was employed for the identification of themes and sub-themes while the content qualitative analytical tool was employed to make sense of the themes. The results of the study showed that the #FMFC decreased the quality of education; lectures were suspended for days; and the #FMFC caused disruption on campus for a substantial numbers of times. Concerns were also that the image of the university had been negatively affected, and they felt unsafe. The study recommend the need for the injection of more funds through scholarship and bursary to cushion the effect of the increase in tuition fees, especially for the less-privileged students in order to tame the tide of consistent #FMFC protests.

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Zhang, Wenjuan, Yinping Miao, Hongmin Zhang, and Jianquan Yao. "Low-concentration antibiotic detection in water based on enhanced photothermal effect." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 5 (August 1, 2022): 051102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098034.

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Streptomycin sulfate (STS) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely present in water as a source of pollution. STS produces ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity if ingested in excess. Here, we propose a photothermal sensor to detect contaminated water based on a Nb2CTx MXene integrated few-mode fiber coupler (FMFC) and the photothermal effect of STS. Nb2CTx MXene exhibits strong absorption ability for biomolecules, which can enhance the interaction between STS and light by depositing it on the surface of the FMFC, thereby improving the detection performance of the proposed sensor. Under irradiation of a 405 nm laser, the photon energy is absorbed by STS and converted into heat energy, changing the transmission characteristics of the few-mode fiber. The results show that the sensitivity reaches 210.66 nm/(mg/ml) in the linear range of 0.02–0.1 mg/ml, with a detection limit of 94.93 ng/ml. In practical applications, the photothermal effect is stimulated by natural light to improve the suitability of the device application. Furthermore, this photothermal sensor eliminates complicated sample processing, making it potentially applicable for real-time food safety, environmental pollutant detection, and disease diagnosis.

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Zheng, Hou, Sun, Li, Hong, Ma, Li, Li, Fan, and Qiao. "Optimal Estimation Retrieval of Aerosol Fine-Mode Fraction from Ground-Based Sky Light Measurements." Atmosphere 10, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10040196.

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In this paper, the feasibility of retrieving the aerosol fine-mode fraction (FMF) from ground-based sky light measurements is investigated. An inversion algorithm, based on the optimal estimation (OE) theory, is presented to retrieve FMF from single-viewing multi-spectral radiance measurements and to evaluate the impact of utilization of near-infrared (NIR) measurements at a wavelength of 1610 nm in aerosol remote sensing. Self-consistency tests based on synthetic data produced a mean relative retrieval error of 4.5%, which represented the good performance of the OE inversion algorithm. The proposed algorithm was also performed on real data taken from field experiments in Beijing during a haze pollution event. The correlation coefficients (R) for the retrieved aerosol volume fine-mode fraction (FMFv) and optical fine-mode fraction (FMFo) against AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) products were 0.94 and 0.95 respectively, and the mean residual error was 4.95%. Consequently, the inversion of FMFv and FMFo could be well constrained by single-viewing multi-spectral radiance measurement. In addition, by introducing measurements of 1610 nm wavelength into the retrieval, the validation results showed a significant improvement in the R value for FMFo (from 0.89–0.94). These results confirm the high value of NIR measurements for the retrieval of coarse mode aerosols.

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Pei, Li, Yanbiao Chang, Jianshuai Wang, Jingjing Zheng, Tigang Ning, Jing Li, Bing Bai, Lei Shen, and Li Zhong. "Fiber Residual Stress Effects on Modal Gain Equalization of Few-Mode Fiber Amplifier." Sensors 23, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 2574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052574.

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The modal gain equalization (MGE) of few-mode fiber amplifiers (FMFAs) ensures the stability of signal transmission. MGE mainly relies on the multi-step refractive index (RI) and doping profile of few-mode erbium-doped fibers (FM-EDFs). However, complex RI and doping profiles lead to uncontrollable residual stress variations in fiber fabrication. Variable residual stress apparently affects MGE due to its impacts on the RI. So, this paper focuses on the residual stress effects on MGE. The residual stress distributions of passive and active FMFs were measured using a self-constructed residual stress test configuration. As the erbium doping concentration increased, the residual stress of the fiber core decreased, and the residual stress of the active fibers was two orders of magnitude lower than that of the passive fiber. Compared with the passive FMF and the FM-EDFs, the residual stress of the fiber core completely transformed from tensile stress to compressive stress. This transformation led to an obvious smooth RI curve variation. The measurement values were analyzed with FMFA theory, and the results show that the differential modal gain of the FMFA increased from 0.96 to 1.67 dB as the residual stress decreased from 4.86 to 0.01 MPa.

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Pontié, M., E. Jaspard, C. Friant, J. Kilani, A. Fix-Tailler, C. Innocent, D. Chery, et al. "A sustainable fungal microbial fuel cell (FMFC) for the bioremediation of acetaminophen (APAP) and its main by-product (PAP) and energy production from biomass." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 22 (November 2019): 101376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101376.

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Missiame, Arnold, Patrick Irungu, and Rose Adhiambo Nyikal. "Gender-differentiated stochastic meta-frontier analysis of production technology heterogeneity among smallholder cassava farmers in Ghana." African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53936/afjare.2021.16(2).10.

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This paper assesses the differences in technical efficiency of, and the cassava production systems employed by, male-managed (MMF) and female-managed (FMF) cassava farms in the Fanteakwa District of Ghana. The study employs the translog stochastic meta-frontier model to analyse data obtained from 300 randomly selected smallholder cassava farmers and finds an average metafrontier technical efficiency (MTE) of 0.06 and 0.03 among MMF and FMF respectively. The technology gap ratios (TGR) are 0.25 and 0.04 for the MMF and FMF respectively. The results suggest that both MMFs and FMFs are technically inefficient. However, the production technology operated on MMFs is relatively superior to that operated on FMFs, as shown by the relatively higher TGR for MMFs. The results also reveal that proximity to markets, extension access, off-farm economic activities and formal education are the major contributors to the technical efficiency of the farmers.

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Usha Rani, M., and N. Saravana Selvam. "A Novel Disease Detection and Classification Method Using Improved Fusion Random Weight Support Vector Machine." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 2976–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3903.

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Health informatics is one of the main branch of engineering which provides a solution to a variety of problems like delayed, missed or incorrect diagnoses with the help of computational techniques. With the help of technologies such as bio-computing, health informatics, the disaster impacts on both human health and biological factors can be reduced to a large extend. Using these computational technologies, the country’s economy can also get boosted up and due to increased disease-causing pathogens, which directly impact the human health system. In this research work, a different type of sugarcane disease is detected and classified because manual identification is difficult and time-consuming. So, the farmers couldn’t find a better solution, than on the whole, they go for stubble burning, which is an alarming issue both on human and environmental wellness. The burning of bagasse causes bagassois, an interstitial lung disease that affects the tissues present in the lung through the air sacs. So, this sugarcane disease detection needs to be done early to avoid various health and environmental issues. The proposed work consists of the detection of four types of sugarcane leaf disease directly from the field. The sequence of methods is capturing images with WSN nodes, pre-processing with image enhancement and noise removal (IENR), segmentation with Fuzzy membership function and clustering (FMFC), feature extraction using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix Vector (GLCMV) and classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM). With the help of the effective proposed method, the highest parameters like precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for sugarcane leaf disease have been obtained. Based on the successful implementation process, the accuracy stated for the four sugarcane diseases along with the execution time is given below as Smut disease (87.12, 1.01 sec), Rust disease (90.23, 1.02 sec), Grassy Shoot disease (95.34, 1.047 sec), Red Rot disease (95.51, 1.04 sec).

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Seiffert, Alexander P., Adolfo Gómez-Grande, Alberto Villarejo-Galende, Marta González-Sánchez, Héctor Bueno, Enrique J. Gómez, and Patricia Sánchez-González. "High Correlation of Static First-Minute-Frame (FMF) PET Imaging after 18F-Labeled Amyloid Tracer Injection with [18F]FDG PET Imaging." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 5182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155182.

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Dynamic early-phase PET images acquired with radiotracers binding to fibrillar amyloid-beta (Aβ) have shown to correlate with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET images and provide perfusion-like information. Perfusion information of static PET scans acquired during the first minute after radiotracer injection (FMF, first-minute-frame) is compared to [18F]FDG PET images. FMFs of 60 patients acquired with [18F]florbetapir (FBP), [18F]flutemetamol (FMM), and [18F]florbetaben (FBB) are compared to [18F]FDG PET images. Regional standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) are directly compared and intrapatient Pearson’s correlation coefficients are calculated to evaluate the correlation of FMFs to their corresponding [18F]FDG PET images. Additionally, regional interpatient correlations are calculated. The intensity profiles of mean SUVRs among the study cohort (r = 0.98, p < 0.001) and intrapatient analyses show strong correlations between FMFs and [18F]FDG PET images (r = 0.93 ± 0.05). Regional VOI-based analyses also result in high correlation coefficients. The FMF shows similar information to the cerebral metabolic patterns obtained by [18F]FDG PET imaging. Therefore, it could be an alternative to the dynamic imaging of early phase amyloid PET and be used as an additional neurodegeneration biomarker in amyloid PET studies in routine clinical practice while being acquired at the same time as amyloid PET images.

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Song, Hanlim, Wonbin Jung, Eulgi Lee, Ji-Young Park, Min Sun Kim, Min-Cheol Lee, and Hyoung-Ihl Kim. "Capsular stroke modeling based on somatotopic mapping of motor fibers." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 37, no. 8 (January 1, 2016): 2928–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x16679421.

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Recently, several capsular stroke models have been reported with different targets of destruction. This study was performed to establish an accurate internal capsule (IC) target for capsular stroke modeling in rats. We injected adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV)-CaMKII-EYFP into forelimb motor cortex and AAV-CaMKII-mCherry into hindlimb motor cortex (n = 9) to anterogradely trace the pyramidal fibers and map their somatotopic distribution in the IC. On the basis of the neural tracing results, we created photothrombotic infarct lesions in rat forelimb and hindlimb motor fiber (FMF and HMF) areas of the IC (n = 29) and assessed motor behavior using a forelimb-use asymmetry test, a foot-fault test, and a single-pellet reaching test. We found that the FMFs and HMFs were primarily distributed in the inferior portion of the posterior limb of the IC, with the FMFs located largely ventral to the HMFs but with an area of partial overlap. Photothrombotic lesions in the FMF area resulted in persistent motor deficits. In contrast, lesions in the HMF area did not result in persistent motor deficits. These results indicate that identification of the somatotopic distribution of pyramidal fibers is critical for accurate targeting in animal capsular stroke models: only infarcts in the FMF area resulted in long-lasting motor deficits.

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Yang, Zhiqun, Wenbo Yu, Guanju Peng, Yaping Liu, and Lin Zhang. "Recent Progress on Novel DSP Techniques for Mode Division Multiplexing Systems: A Review." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 3, 2021): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041363.

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This paper provides an overview of latest progress on the novel advanced digital signal processing (DSP) techniques for long-haul mode division multiplexing (MDM) systems with high capacity. Space-division multiplexing (SDM) techniques have been developed for a period to increase the capacity of optical communication system by at least one order of magnitude through MDM techniques using few-mode fibers (FMFs) or multi-core multiplexing (MCM) using multi-core fibers (MCFs). The signals in MDM links are mainly impaired by the linear and nonlinear effects in FMFs, making DSP techniques become necessary to undo these impairments. In this paper, we not only review the advanced multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) DSP techniques for compensating linear impairments in FMFs, but also enclose the state of the art of novel DSP techniques to deal with nonlinear effects. Firstly, we introduce the MIMO schemes for equalizing modal crosstalk and modal dispersion. Then, we focus on the fast tracking of time-varying (TV) channels in FMF links through frequency-domain (FD) recursive least square (RLS) algorithm. Besides, we also cover the mainstream DSP solutions for mode-dependent loss (MDL) and several possible methods to compensate nonlinearity in FMF. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are also discussed for its high nonlinearity tolerance and may bring a revolution in MDM systems on the process of channel equalization, link monitoring, etc. In the end, a brief conclusion and perspective will be provided.

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Dantas, Jéferson Silveira, and Célia Regina Vendramini. "Contradições em torno da relação do Fórum do Maciço do Morro da Cruz com o Terceiro Setor: desafios políticos e pedagógicos." Revista Pedagógica 14, no. 29 (July 15, 2013): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22196/rp.v14i29.1446.

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O referido artigo tem por objetivo traçar, brevemente, a gênese do Fórum do Maciço do Morro da Cruz (FMMC), sua estrutura e suas respectivas comissões nos territórios dos morros de Florianópolis (SC) – em sua área insular –, tendo como balizas: 1) a relação do FMCC com o Estado por meio de suas secretarias; 2) as parcerias do FMMC envolvendo organizações não governamentais (ONGs) e o aparato estatal. Em linhas gerais, procura abordar as complexas contradições em que se move o Fórum do Maciço ao buscar atender demandas históricas dos moradores dos morros relativas à segurança, escola, infraestrutura, trabalho e renda, por meio da organização coletiva, das políticas públicas estatais e das ações do terceiro setor. Além disso, reconhece- e aqui que boa parte destas demandas dos territórios dos morros está inscrita num processo histórico de intensa desigualdade social, que acaba por se refletir em processos de desigualdade de formação escolar para crianças e jovens residentes em tais territórios.

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Yan, Xing, Zhou Zang, Zhanqing Li, Nana Luo, Chen Zuo, Yize Jiang, Dan Li, et al. "A global land aerosol fine-mode fraction dataset (2001–2020) retrieved from MODIS using hybrid physical and deep learning approaches." Earth System Science Data 14, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): 1193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1193-2022.

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Abstract. The aerosol fine-mode fraction (FMF) is valuable for discriminating natural aerosols from anthropogenic ones. However, most current satellite-based FMF products are highly unreliable over land. Here, we developed a new satellite-based global land daily FMF dataset (Phy-DL FMF) by synergizing the advantages of physical and deep learning methods at a 1∘ spatial resolution covering the period from 2001 to 2020. The Phy-DL FMF dataset is comparable to Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) measurements, based on the analysis of 361 089 data samples from 1170 AERONET sites around the world. Overall, Phy-DL FMF showed a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.136 and correlation coefficient of 0.68, and the proportion of results that fell within the ±20 % expected error (EE) envelopes was 79.15 %. Moreover, the out-of-site validation from the Surface Radiation Budget (SURFRAD) observations revealed that the RMSE of Phy-DL FMF is 0.144 (72.50 % of the results fell within the ±20 % EE). Phy-DL FMF showed superior performance over alternative deep learning or physical approaches (such as the spectral deconvolution algorithm presented in our previous studies), particularly for forests, grasslands, croplands, and urban and barren land types. As a long-term dataset, Phy-DL FMF is able to show an overall significant decreasing trend (at a 95 % significance level) over global land areas. Based on the trend analysis of Phy-DL FMF for different countries, the upward trend in the FMFs was particularly strong over India and the western USA. Overall, this study provides a new FMF dataset for global land areas that can help improve our understanding of spatiotemporal fine-mode and coarse-mode aerosol changes. The datasets can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5105617 (Yan, 2021).

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Bektaş, M., S. Sari, N. Koca, E. Oguz, B. Ince, Y. Yalçinkaya, B. Artim-Esen, M. Inanc, and A. Gül. "POS1327 AMYLOID STORM DEVELOPS IN PATIENTS WITH AA AMYLOIDOSIS AND ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER AMYLOID BURDEN AND INCREASED MORTALITY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1001.1–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.251.

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BackgroundAmyloid storm is an emerging condition which was described recently also associated with poor prognosis in patients (pts) with AA amyloidosis (AA-a).ObjectivesWe herein aimed to evaluate the amyloid storm and its associated factors in pts with AA-a.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated AA-a pts who followed in our tertiary referral amyloidosis center. Diagnosis of AA-a was made by Congo red straning and immunohistochemistry. Amyloid storm was defined as follows; developing within two weeks, increase in creatinine and proteinuria levels at least two times from baseline or reach the CRP levels more than 10 times [1].ResultsData of 175 pts with AA-a were evaluated and after exclusion of 11 pts who had missing data, 164 pts were included into the analysis. We identified 9 pts (5.5%; of 4 male) who developed amyloid storm. Five pts were FMF-associated AA-a (FMF-AA) and 4 pts were non-FMF-AA (two pts had ankylosing spondylitis, one patient idiopathic and one patient non-FMF periodic fever syndrome) (p=0.1). Median±interquartile range (IQR) patient age, diagnosis age of FMF and amyloidosis were lower in pts had amyloid storm than had not, but they were not statistically different (p=0.2, p=0.3 and p=0.2 respectively). All pts were M694V homozygous among FMF-AA. Etiology of amyloid storm was infection in 5 pts (56%), treatment non-adherence in 3 pts (33%) and surgery in one patient (11%). Overall, 3 pts with amyloid storm died (33%), but mortality was 10% (n=16) in the remaining pts with AA-a. One patient died during the amyloid storm, and others died within one year after the diagnosis of amyloid storm (median 5 months).In univariable analysis, involvement of ≥3 organs, bone marrow involvement and current proteinuria levels (p=0.4, p=0.05 and p=0.04, respectively) were higher; median number of organ involvement and mortality (p=0.09 and p=0.07) were tended to be higher in pts with amyloid storm than those without it. End stage renal disease (ESRD) development was also higher in pts who had amyloid storm (67%; n=6) than in pts who had not (46 % n=71) but did not reach statistical significance (p=0.3). Median±IQR CRP (48 ±77 vs 9 ±17 p=0.08), creatinine (4.8 ±5 vs1.2 ±0.6 p=0.01) and proteinuria (11 ±12 vs 0.85 ±2.3 p=0.02) levels were higher during the amyloid storm than their previous records. In multivariable analysis, amyloid storm was associated with higher mortality (p=0.045 OR 4.6; 95 % CI 1.03-20).In survival analysis, development of amyloid storm tended to be higher in pts with non-FMF-AA compared to FMF-AA (Log-rank p=0.057). Mortality rate was higher in pts who had amyloid storm than those without it (Log-rank p=0.038).ConclusionThis study showed that 5.5% of pts with AA-a may develop amyloid storm, and this condition was associated with higher amyloid burden. Amyloid storm may develop in AA-a pts associated with both FMF and other diseases, and the mortality rate may reach to 33% within one year.References[1]Kukuy et al. (2021). Rheumatology, 60(7), 3235–3242Table 1.Comparison of clinical and laboratory features of pts with and without amyloid stormVariablesAmyloid storm (n=9)Control (n=155)p valueAge*Ɨ37±1045±200.2Gender, male#4 (44)86 (56)0.7Diagnosis#FMF5 (4)122 (96)0.1non-FMF4 (11)33 (89)Organ distribution#Renal9 (100)152 (98)1Gastrointestinal4 (44)33 (21)0.1Heart2/6 (33)32/111 (29)1Liver1 (11)5 (3)0.3Bone marrow2 (22)5 (3)0.05Diagnosis age of FMF* Ɨ17.5±3024±200.3Diagnosis age of AA-a* Ɨ26±2631±220.2Duration of AA-a* Ɨ10±14.611.2±111Number of organ involvement*2±21±10.09≥3 organ involvement#3/5 (60)20/122 (16)0.04Baseline CRP*ĸ proteinuria (g/dL)* creatinine (mg/dL)*10±85.3±4.30.8±0.620±204±5.70.8±0.60.060.90.6Current CRP* ĸ proteinuria* creatinine*2.7±5.2 3.1±231.5±32.7±7.3 0±1.90±1.90.70.040.04Two exon 10 MEFV variant (n=108, %)3 (100)94 (87)0.5M694V homozygous (n=3, %)3 (100)73 (68)0.2ESRD development #6 (67)71 (46)0.3Mortality#3 (33)16 (10)0.07•.*median±IQR Ɨyears #(n, %) ĸmg/LFigure 1.Comparison of survival rate between pts with and without amyloid stormLog-rank: p=0.038Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

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Knekt, Paul, Harri Rissanen, Ritva Järvinen, and Markku Heliövaara. "Cohort Profile: The Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Surveys FMC, FMCF and MFS." International Journal of Epidemiology 46, no. 6 (June 20, 2017): 1760–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx092.

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Grytsenko, Oleksandr, Ludmila Dulebova, Emil Spišák, and Bohdan Berezhnyy. "New Materials Based on Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Containing Copolymers with Ferromagnetic Fillers." Materials 15, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 5183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155183.

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The article investigates the peculiarities of the effect of ferromagnetic fillers (FMFs) of various natures (Ni, Co, Fe, FeCo, SmCo5) on the formation of the structure and properties of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) copolymers. The composites were characterized using FTIR-spectroscopy, SEM, DMTA, magnetometry of vibrating samples, specific electrical resistivity studies, and mechanical and thermophysical studies. The formation of a grafted spatially crosslinked copolymer (pHEMA-gr-PVP) was confirmed and it was established that the FMF introduction of only 10 wt.% into the copolymer formulation increased the degree of crosslinking of the polymer network by three times. The surface hardness of composites increased by 20–25%. However, the water content decreased by 16–18% and lay within 42–43 wt.%, which is a relatively high number. The heat resistance of dry composites was characterized by Vicat softening temperature, which was 39–42 °C higher compared to the unfilled material. It was established that the obtained composites were characterized by a coercive force of 200 kA × m−1 and induction of a magnetic field at the poles of 4–5 mT and 10–15 mT, respectively. The introduction of FMF particles into pHEMA-gr-PVP copolymers, which, in the dry state, are dielectrics, provides them with electrical conductivity, which was evaluated by the specific volume resistance. Depending on the FMF nature and content, as well as their orientation in the magnetic field, the resistance of filled materials could be regulated within 102–106 Ohm·m. Therefore, the modification of HEMA with PVP copolymers by ferromagnetic fillers of various natures provides the possibility of obtaining materials with unique predicted properties and expands the fields of their use, for instance as magnetic sorbents for various applications, as well as the possibilities associated with their being electrically conductive materials that can respond by changing of electrical conductivity, depending on various factors.

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Woessner, R. D., and A. J. Bitonti. "FMdC." Drugs of the Future 24, no. 5 (1999): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/dof.1999.024.05.532569.

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Obkircher, Markus, Christian Stähelin, and Fritz Dick. "Formation of Fmoc–β-alanine during Fmoc-protections with Fmoc–OSu." Journal of Peptide Science 14, no. 6 (2008): 763–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psc.1001.

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Tian, Zichen, Li Pei, Jianshuai Wang, Kaihua Hu, Wenxuan Xu, Jingjing Zheng, Jing Li, and Tigang Ning. "High-performance mode decomposition using physics- and data-driven deep learning." Optics Express 30, no. 22 (October 13, 2022): 39932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.470445.

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A novel physics- and data-driven deep-learning (PDDL) method is proposed to execute complete mode decomposition (MD) for few-mode fibers (FMFs). The PDDL scheme underlies using the embedded beam propagation model of FMF to guide the neural network (NN) to learn the essential physical features and eliminate unexpected features that conflict with the physical laws. It can greatly enhance the NN’s robustness, adaptability, and generalization ability in MD. In the case of obtaining the real modal weights (ρ2) and relative phases (θ), the PDDL method is investigated both in theory and experiment. Numerical results show that the PDDL scheme eliminates the generalization defect of traditional DL-based MD and the error fluctuation is alleviated. Compared with the DL-based MD, in the 8-mode case, the errors of ρ2 and θ can be reduced by 12 times and 100 times for beam patterns that differ greatly from the training dataset. Moreover, the PDDL maintains high accuracy even in the 8-mode MD case with a practical maximum noise factor of 0.12. In terms of adaptation, with a large variation of the core radius and NA of the FMF, the error keeps lower than 0.43% and 2.08% for ρ2 and θ, respectively without regenerating new dataset and retraining NN. The experimental configuration is set up and verifies the accuracy of the PDDL-based MD. Results show that the correlation factor of the real and reconstructed beam patterns is higher than 98%. The proposed MD-scheme shows much potential in the application of practical modal coupling characterization and laser beam quality analysis.

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Wieruszewski, Marek, and Katarzyna Mydlarz. "The Influence of Habitat Conditions on the Properties of Pinewood." Forests 12, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12101311.

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This article starts a series of articles on dependences between the conditions of the growth of trees in forests and the technical aspects and directions of using the raw material obtained from these trees. This is a key feature for wood purchasers because it determines the efficiency of production and directly affects the final financial result of their activity. Wood represents an environmentally sustainable and renewable material, which is a widely available raw material on the market and must meet specific quality and strength requirements. These parameters indicate the utility values of wood and the possibilities of its use. One of the factors influencing the properties of wood is the type of the forest habitat it comes from. In order to determine this influence, tests were carried out to show how tree growth conditions affected changes in the density and strength of raw wood. The assumption (hypothesis) about the correlation between the static bending strength of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood and the forest habitat was verified on four forest types, i.e., fresh coniferous forest (FCF), fresh mixed coniferous forest (FMCF), fresh mixed forest (FMF) and fresh forest (FF). The properties depend largely on the wood structure, its origin on the cross section and the length of the stems. The raw material selected for the study came from Scots pine trees growing in forests in central Poland. The study confirmed the influence of the habitat on changes in the density and strength of pinewood. There was a correlation between the habitat FMCF and the quality parameters of the raw material, which reflected the wood structure r = 0.775; p < 0.05.

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Yoshino, Ryo, Yoshinori Tokairin, Mari Kikuchi, and Hiroyuki Konno. "Fmoc-OPhth, the reagent of Fmoc protection." Tetrahedron Letters 58, no. 16 (April 2017): 1600–1603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.03.021.

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Adinarayanan, V. R., P. Preethi Kumari, and Suma A. Rao. "Electrochemical and quantum chemical study to assess the role of (2E)-2-(furan-2-ylmethylidene) hydrazine carbothioamide as inhibitor for acid corrosion of mild steel." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 52, no. 3 (December 27, 2021): 627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10800-021-01656-9.

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AbstractSynthesis and inhibition effectiveness of (2E)-2-(furan-2-ylmethylidene) hydrazine carbothioamide (FMHC) as an inhibitor for corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 is reported. Experiments were conducted at various temperatures (303–323 K) by adopting potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Readings obtained demonstrated that percentage inhibition efficiency (% IE) improved with the upsurge in the concentration of FMHC, while it decreased with a rise in temperature. The highest % IE observed was 60% for 2.5 × 10–4 M FMHC at 303 K. FMHC worked moderately as a mixed inhibitor. FMHC obeyed the Langmuir model of adsorption and the mode of adsorption was physisorption on the mild steel surface which was further endorsed by examining the surface using the scanning electron microscope. A clear insight into the mechanistic features of corrosion inhibition by using FMHC was acquired. Calculation of activation parameters helped to suggest an appropriate mechanism for the adsorption of FMHC on mild steel through quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT). Graphical abstract

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Onipe, Oluwatoyin Oladayo, and Shonisani Eugenia Ramashia. "Finger Millet Seed Coat—A Functional Nutrient-Rich Cereal By-Product." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 7837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227837.

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Finger millet (FM) is one of the little millets grown in Asia and Africa. Although still classified as an “orphan crop”, there is an increasing interest in the research of FM seed coat (FMSC), also known as bran. It houses 90% of the seed’s polyphenols and dietary fibre. The calcium and phosphorus content of FMSC is about 6- to 25-fold that of other cereals. FMSC is specifically beneficial for its polyphenols, arabinoxylans, phytates, and flavonoids content. Evidence of the hypoglycaemic, nephroprotective, hypocholesterolemic, and anti-cataractogenic effects of FMSC has been substantiated, thereby supporting the health claims and validating its nutraceutical potential for diabetics. This article discusses FMSC extraction and nutritional properties, focusing on arabinoxylan and polyphenols, their potential health benefits, and their application in food formulations. Although there is a dearth of information on using FMSC in food formulation, this review will be a data repository for further studies on FMSC.

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Szczepańska, Elżbieta, Beata Grobelna, Jacek Ryl, Amanda Kulpa, Tadeusz Ossowski, and Paweł Niedziałkowski. "Efficient Method for the Concentration Determination of Fmoc Groups Incorporated in the Core-Shell Materials by Fmoc–Glycine." Molecules 25, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 3983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173983.

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In this paper, we described the synthesis procedure of TiO2@SiO2 core-shell modified with 3-(aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS). The chemical attachment of Fmoc–glycine (Fmoc–Gly–OH) at the surface of the core-shell structure was performed to determine the amount of active amino groups on the basis of the amount of Fmoc group calculation. We characterized nanostructures using various methods: transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to confirm the modification effectiveness. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) measurement was adopted for the quantitative determination of amino groups present on the TiO2@SiO2 core-shell surface by determination of Fmoc substitution. The nanomaterials were functionalized by Fmoc–Gly–OH and then the fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group was cleaved using 20% (v/v) solution of piperidine in DMF. This reaction led to the formation of a dibenzofulvene–piperidine adduct enabling the estimation of free Fmoc groups by measurement the maximum absorption at 289 and 301 nm using UV-vis spectroscopy. The calculations of Fmoc loading on core-shell materials was performed using different molar absorption coefficient: 5800 and 6089 dm3 × mol−1 × cm−1 for λ = 289 nm and both 7800 and 8021 dm3 × mol−1 × cm−1 for λ = 301 nm. The obtained results indicate that amount of Fmoc groups present on TiO2@SiO2–(CH2)3–NH2 was calculated at 6 to 9 µmol/g. Furthermore, all measurements were compared with Fmoc–Gly–OH used as the model sample.

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Abdeen, Fathima Nishara, Yasangika Gayani Sandanayake, and Thanuja Ramachandra. "A framework for facilities management supply chain performance evaluation: case study of hotel buildings." Facilities 40, no. 3/4 (December 23, 2021): 248–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-12-2020-0125.

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Purpose The performance of the facilities management supply chain (FMSC) in the hotel sector is challenged by the diverse nature of parties involved, their relationships and the flows of services and products. Although performance measurement systems have been endorsed by researchers worldwide as a mechanism to evaluate and improve performance, there seems lack of mechanisms to evaluate the FMSC performance in hotels. Hence, this paper aims to develop a framework that would enable to evaluate FMSC performance in hotels. Design/methodology/approach A case study strategy was used, where 3 five-star hotels in Sri Lanka were studied for the purpose. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 professionals involved in FMSC and through document reviews. A content analysis was performed and the framework was developed. This was validated with 3 subject matter experts in the field. Findings The study findings revealed that the FMSC process is different from manufacturing and service supply chain (SC) processes as it comprises both product and service elements and incorporates internal, as well as external customers. The developed FMSC process comprises seven sub-processes as follows: delivery of products, delivery of services, sourcing, make/fulfil, delivery of FM services and products, receipt of FM services and receipt of products by customers. Based on the derived FMSC process and the key activities, 38 key performance indicators were developed and used in the framework to evaluate the performance of FMSC. Originality/value The developed performance evaluation framework is expected to facilitate performance measurement of the SC and enhance its performance. Further, it would enhance cooperation among FMSC partners and assist in achieving FMSC excellence.

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Zanna, Nicola, Debora Iaculli, and Claudia Tomasini. "The effect ofl-DOPA hydroxyl groups on the formation of supramolecular hydrogels." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 15, no. 27 (2017): 5797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ob01026e.

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Fmoc-l-DOPA-d-Oxd-OH was prepared starting from commercially availablel-DOPA. Its gelation ability was tested by comparison with Fmoc-l-Tyr-d-Oxd-OH and Fmoc-l-Phe-d-Oxd-OH using ten different triggers.

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Saltiki, Katerina, Elli Anagnostou, George Simeakis, Sofia Kouki, Anastasia Angelopoulou, Leda Sarika, Alexandra Papathoma, and Maria Alevizaki. "Familial MTC with RET exon 8 Gly533Cys mutation: origin and prevalence of second malignancy." Endocrine Connections 6, no. 8 (November 2017): 676–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-17-0147.

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Introduction High prevalence of RET p.Gly533Cys (c.1597G > T) has been found in familial MTC in Greece (exon 8 fMTC). We studied their origin and compared clinical characteristics with non-exon 8 fMTC. Methods 102 fMTC (FMTC and MEN2A) patients (31.4% males) were followed for 2.9–37 years (median 6 years). Fifty-one carried the RET exon 8 mutation; the remaining were non-exon 8 fMTC (exons 10, 11, 13, 14). Pre-, post-operative calcitonin, disease extent at diagnosis and follow-up and families’ place of origin were recorded. Results Exon 8 fMTC were older (42.3 ± 13.3 vs 30.8 ± 17.8 years, P < 0.001), including index cases (P = 0.016). In index cases, the stage at diagnosis was more favorable in exon 8 fMTC compared to non-exon 8 fMTC (stage I and II: 65% vs 23.8%, stage III: 25% vs 57.1%, stage IV: 10% vs 19%, P = 0.025). More favorable outcome was noted in exon 8 fMTCs (remission: 72.5% vs 45.8%, stable disease: 27.5% vs 41.7%, progression: 0.0% vs 12.5%, P = 0.001). Exon 8 fMTC patients carried more frequently a second malignancy (25.5% vs 6.3%, P = 0.009); 69% of these were PTCs. Exon 8 fMTC patients were significantly older at diagnosis compared to non-exon 8 moderate-risk RET carriers and presented more favorable clinical outcome (remission: 72.5% vs 50%, stable disease: 27.5% vs 41.7%, progression: 0.0% vs 8.3%, P = 0.021). This difference remained when only index cases were analyzed. ‘Hot spots’ in the origin of exon 8 fMTCs families were recognized. No phenotype or outcome differences were found between the exon 8 families from the various regions. Conclusions In exon 8 fMTCs’ older age, favorable disease stage at diagnosis and favorable outcome suggest slow disease progression compared to non-exon 8 fMTC. Compared with moderate-risk RET mutation carriers, exon 8 fMTC patients have a more favorable clinical outcome. The higher prevalence of second malignancies, especially PTC, not previously reported, merits further investigation. Increased awareness for inherited disease is required for patients with apparently sporadic MTC originating from recognized ‘hot spots’, as the age at presentation is usually delayed.

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Roux, Franck-Emmanuel, Ngiep Oucheng, Valérie Lauwers-Cances, Louisa Draper, Christelle Cristini, Jim Collogly, and Frédéric Lauwers. "Seasonal variations in frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele births in Cambodia." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 4, no. 6 (December 2009): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.7.peds08403.

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Object Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele (fMEC) is relatively common in many Southeast Asian countries, with devastating aesthetic and social consequences for affected children. No cause has been detected to date. Among other factors, the authors of this paper attempt to identify a statistically significant difference in the spread of fMEC births throughout the year compared with other births. This seasonal variation in the incidence of fMEC births may provide clues to the causes of this condition. Methods From a group of 175 children with fMEC who underwent surgery at the authors' humanitarian institution (Children's Surgical Centre) in Phnom Penh between 2004 and 2008, 86 children were studied. These children were born at full term and had an accurately recorded date of birth. The birth dates of this fMEC group were compared with a group of > 15,000 other live births at one of the main maternity units in Phnom Penh in 2005 and 2006. Results Seasonal variation in incidence of fMEC by month of birth was highly statistically significant (p < 0.001), with the peak of births occurring in the dry season (between March and May). This is in contrast to the control group, in which there was an equal distribution of births throughout the year. More than 85% of the parents of children with fMEC who the authors treated were farmers, but this figure reflects the composition of the Cambodian population. Conclusions Uneven spread in the incidence of fMEC births throughout the year suggests that a seasonal factor during the wet season may be suspected in the pathogenesis of fMEC in Cambodia.

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Zou, Yi, Kasra Razmkhah, Nikola P. Chmel, Ian W. Hamley, and Alison Rodger. "Spectroscopic signatures of an Fmoc–tetrapeptide, Fmoc and fluorene." RSC Advances 3, no. 27 (2013): 10854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra41979g.

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Haiouani, Kheira, Xingpeng Chen, and Jiaxi Xu. "Expeditious Preparation of N-Fmoc 2-Aminoethanesulfonyl Chlorides with Functionalized 1-Substituents." Current Organic Synthesis 15, no. 2 (April 24, 2018): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179414666170821120705.

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Aim and Objective: [(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl (Fmoc)-protected 2-aminoethanesulfonyl chlorides with various functionalized 1-substituents may be of use as building blocks for the Fmoc strategic synthesis of sulfonopeptides. Materials and Method: Fmoc-protected 2-aminoethanesulfonyl chlorides with different functionalized 1- substituents were synthesized via radical addition of N-Fmoc allylamine and xanthates with functionalized Ssubstituents, and subsequent oxidative chlorination with N-chlorosuccimide/HCl. Results: Fmoc-protected 2-aminoethanesulfonyl chlorides with different functionalized 1-substituents were synthesized via radical addition and subsequent oxidative chlorination. The mechanism on the oxidative chlorination is proposed. Conclusion: The current method is an expeditious, convenient, and practical method for the synthesis of Fmocprotected 2-aminoethanesulfonyl chlorides with different functionalized 1-substituents in good to excellent yields.

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Adamson, J. Gordon, Mark A. Blaskovich, Hester Groenevelt, and Gilles A. Lajoie. "Simple and convenient synthesis of tert-butyl ethers of Fmoc-serine, Fmoc-threonine, and Fmoc-tyrosine." Journal of Organic Chemistry 56, no. 10 (May 1991): 3447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00010a050.

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Mourtas, Spyridon, Christina Katakalou, Dimitrios Gatos, and Kleomenis Barlos. "Convergent Synthesis of Thioether Containing Peptides." Molecules 25, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010218.

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Thioether containing peptides were obtained following three synthetic routes. In route A, halo acids esterified on 2-chlorotrityl(Cltr) resin were reacted with N-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) aminothiols. These were either cleaved from the resin to the corresponding (Fmoc-aminothiol)carboxylic acids, which were used as key building blocks in solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), or the N-Fmoc group was deprotected and peptide chains were elongated by standard SPPS. The obtained N-Fmoc protected thioether containing peptides were then condensed either in solution, or on solid support, with the appropriate amino components of peptides. In route B, the thioether containing peptides were obtained by the reaction of N-Fmoc aminothiols with bromoacetylated peptides, which were synthesized on Cltr-resin, followed by removal of the N-Fmoc group and subsequent peptide elongation by standard SPPS. In route C, the thioether containing peptides were obtained by the condensation of a haloacylated peptide synthesized on Cltr-resin and a thiol-peptide synthesized either on 4-methoxytrityl(Mmt) or trityl(Trt) resin.

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He, Q., C. Li, F. Geng, Y. Lei, Y. Li, X. Tie, and Q. Yin. "Study on long-term aerosol distribution over the land of East China using MODIS data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 4 (April 4, 2011): 10485–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-10485-2011.

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Abstract. East China is among the fastest developing and most populous area in Asia, where atmospheric aerosol loading is high due to heavy urban and industrial emission. These aerosols may have significant impact on regional climate and environment. In this report, MODIS level 2 aerosol products (2000–2007) were used to study aerosol spatial and temporal distributions, as well as their variations with local meteorological conditions over East China. By combining Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and aerosol Fine Mode Fraction (FMF), we found that the urban/industrial aerosol and dust are two dominant species over northern part, whereas continental, marine and mixed aerosols dominate the southern part of East China, except for Poyang Lake Plain. Both annual mean AOD and area with high AOD increased from 2000 to 2007, with the largest increase seen in Yangtze River Delta region (YRD). In summer, AOD in East China reached the maximum of about 0.8 in YRD, dominated by fine mode particles. The minimum AOD occurred in winter with mostly coarse mode particles. The higher AOD in spring is attributed to coarse particles. Local aerosol properties were analyzed in three typical zones: the northern dry zone (I), the central urban/industrial zone (II) and the southern natural background zone (III). Monthly mean AODs in zone I and II were above 0.5 throughout the entire year, with the maximum AOD in June. High FMFs in this period indicated heavy urban and industrial pollutions. Monthly mean AODs and FMFs in zone III reached maximum of 0.51 in April and September (up to 90.7%) respectively. High AOD in spring in zone III appears mostly due to the long-range dust transport from the North. In fact, dust particles contributed 50–80% to aerosol loading in zone I and II, but only 20% in zone III. The effect of meteorological conditions such as temperature, relative humidity (RH) and wind on aerosol loadings over East China were also investigated.

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Choe, Ranjoo, and Seok Il Yun. "Fmoc-diphenylalanine-based hydrogels as a potential carrier for drug delivery." e-Polymers 20, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2020-0050.

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AbstractSelf-assembled hydrogels from 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-modified diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) peptides were evaluated as potential vehicles for drug delivery. During self-assembly of Fmoc-FF, high concentrations of indomethacin (IDM) drugs were shown to be incorporated into the hydrogels. The β-sheet arrangement of peptides was found to be predominant in Fmoc-FF–IDM hydrogels regardless of the IDM content. The release mechanism for IDM displayed a biphasic profile comprising an initial hydrogel erosion-dominated stage followed by the diffusion-controlled stage. Small amounts of polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) added to the hydrogel (Fmoc-FF 0.5%–IDM 0.5%–PAMAM 0.03%) resulted in a more prolonged IDM release compared with Fmoc-FF 0.5%–IDM 0.5% hydrogel. Furthermore, these IDM-loaded hydrogels demonstrated excellent thixotropic response and injectability, which make them suitable candidates for use as injectable self-healing matrices for drug delivery.

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Fichman, Galit, Tom Guterman, Lihi Adler-Abramovich, and Ehud Gazit. "Synergetic functional properties of two-component single amino acid-based hydrogels." CrystEngComm 17, no. 42 (2015): 8105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ce01051a.

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Roy, Karabi, Suvankar Ghosh, Monikha Chetia, Priyadarshi Satpati, and Sunanda Chatterjee. "Dicyclohexylurea derivatives of amino acids as dye absorbent organogels and anion sensors." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 17, no. 11 (2019): 3026–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ob00014c.

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Dicyclohexyl urea (DCU) derivatives of amino acids Fmoc-Phe-DCU (M1), Fmoc-Phg-DCU (M2) and Fmoc-Gaba-DCU (M3) have been shown to form phase selective, thermoreversible and mechanically robust gels in a large range of organic solvents. Organogels act as dye adsorbants and M1–M3 act as selective anion sensors for F⁻, OH⁻ and OAc⁻.

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Li, Hui, Fei Li, Fang Liu, Xiao Chen, Wenyuan Xu, Liang Shen, Jingkun Xu, Rui Yang, and Ge Zhang. "High-Quality Conjugated Polymers Achieving Ultra-Trace Detection of Cr2O72− in Agricultural Products." Molecules 27, no. 13 (July 4, 2022): 4294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134294.

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In view of that conjugated polymers (CPs) are an attractive option for constructing high-sensitive Cr2O72− sensors but suffer from lacking a general design strategy, we first proposed a rational structure design of CPs to tailor their sensing properties while validating the structure-to-performance correlation. Short side chains decorated with N and O atoms as recognition groups were instructed into fluorene to obtain monomers Fmoc-Ala-OH and Fmoc-Thr-OH. Additionally, their polymers P(Fmoc-Ala-OH) and P(Fmoc-Thr-OH) were obtained through electrochemical polymerization. P(Fmoc-Ala-OH) and P(Fmoc-Thr-OH) with high polymerization degrees have an excellent selectivity towards Cr2O72− in comparison to other cations and anions. Additionally, their limit of detection could achieve 1.98 fM and 3.72 fM, respectively. Especially, they could realize the trace detection of Cr2O72− in agricultural products (red bean, black bean, and millet). All these results indicate that short side chains decorated with N and O atoms functionalizing polyfluorene enables the ultra-trace detection of Cr2O72−. Additionally, the design strategy will spark new ideas for the construction of highly selective and sensitive Cr2O72− sensors.

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Mitchell, K., L. Maxwell, B. Crownover, G. Hoekzema, N. Krug, M. Mazzone, W. F. Miser, S. Schultz, T. Shaffer, and M. Tuggy. "AFMRD FMCC SCHOLARSHIPS." Annals of Family Medicine 11, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): 484–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.1574.

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Kumar, Ashish, Anamika Sharma, Elvira Haimov, Ayman El-Faham, Beatriz G. de la Torre, and Fernando Albericio. "Fmoc-Amox, A Suitable Reagent for the Introduction of Fmoc." Organic Process Research & Development 21, no. 10 (August 24, 2017): 1533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00199.

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Gahane, Avinash Yashwant, Virender Singh, Ashok Kumar, and Ashwani Kumar Thakur. "Development of mechanism-based antibacterial synergy between Fmoc-phenylalanine hydrogel and aztreonam." Biomaterials Science 8, no. 7 (2020): 1996–2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9bm01978b.

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Liyanage, Wathsala, Kanika Vats, Annada Rajbhandary, Danielle S. W. Benoit, and Bradley L. Nilsson. "Multicomponent dipeptide hydrogels as extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds for cell culture applications." Chemical Communications 51, no. 56 (2015): 11260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc03162a.

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Hao, Jiajie, Lieshan Wu, Xiaowei Lu, Yalin Zeng, Bing Jia, Tingting Luo, Shixing He, and Liuling Liang. "A stable Fe/Co bimetallic modified biochar for ofloxacin removal from water: adsorption behavior and mechanisms." RSC Advances 12, no. 49 (2022): 31650–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra05334a.

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Okuneva, G. N., A. M. Cherniavsky, L. M. Bulatetskaya, and A. S. Klinkova. "Diagnostic value of assessment of microcirculation and of pressor response to cold stressor test in patients with coronary artery disease." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 15, no. 5 (October 28, 2009): 603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2009-15-5-603-609.

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62 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), II-III functional class of angina pectoris were observed during rest and stress cold exposure conditions (hand dipping in 4°C water). 75 % of patients had concomitant hypertension. Finger microcirculation flow (FMCF) was measured by laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) method. According to the results of the cold test and systolic blood pressure (SBP) response normotensive patients were divided into 3 groups: 1nd group included patients with normal tonic type of reaction (SBP increase for 0-10 mmHg); 2nd group - with moderate hypertensive reaction (SBP increase for 10-20 mmHg); 3nd group - with marked hypertensive reaction (SBP increase for more than 20 mmHg). The changes in FMCF, hand temperature (HT), finger temperature (FT) and cardiovascular system indices (BP and heart rate (HR)) were assessed. The 3'1 group was found to be different from the others by the lowest FMCF at rest (24,1 ± 3,2 ml/100 g/min.). At the same time FMCF decline during cooling was lower than in the others groups (21,8 ± 3,1 ml/100 g/min.). as well as was FMCF increase (15,4 ± 2,58 ml/100 g/min.) after the test. This testifies the increased sympathetic activity. The local cold test enables establishing the BP response type in normotensivc subjects with CHD and assessment of FMCF changes.

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Danzer, Enrico, Linda M. Ernst, Natalie E. Rintoul, Mark P. Johnson, N. Scott Adzick, and Alan W. Flake. "In utero meconium passage in fetuses and newborns with myelomeningocele." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 3, no. 2 (February 2009): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2008.10.peds08199.

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Object The authors retrospectively investigated whether midgestational fetal myelomeningocele (fMMC) repair alters intrauterine meconium exposure. Methods Prior to the National Institutes of Health Management of Myelomeningocele Study, 54 fetuses underwent fMMC repair at the authors' institution. Forty-six fMMC sacs were available for pathological examination and 53 MMC sacs from postnatally repaired MMCs (pMMCs) were available for comparison. The presence and distribution of meconium were blindly evaluated using a grading system defined as follows: absent (no meconium present), mild (< 10 meconium-positive histiocytes [MPHs]/hpf), moderate (10–25 MPHs/hpf), and severe (> 25 MPHs/hpf). Hall's bile stain was used to confirm meconium and Prussian blue and Fontana Masson stains to exclude hemosiderin and melanin, respectively. Results Compared to pMMCs (79%), meconium histiocytosis was less prevalent in fMMC sacs (57%; p = 0.017). Meconium staining was completely absent in 43% of the fMMC sacs. Mild meconium histiocytosis was found in 35% fMMC and 61% pMMC sacs (p = 0.035). There was no statistical difference between groups with moderate and severe meconium histiocytosis. Conclusions Meconium passage in MMCs can occur early in fetal life. Fetal MMC repair may reduce the duration of meconium exposure, thereby potentially limiting the toxic injury to the vulnerable neural elements.

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Kumar, Ashish, Anamika Sharma, Beatriz G. de la Torre, and Fernando Albericio. "Scope and Limitations of γ-Valerolactone (GVL) as a Green Solvent to be Used with Base for Fmoc Removal in Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis." Molecules 24, no. 21 (November 5, 2019): 4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24214004.

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GVL is a green solvent used in Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. It is susceptible to ring opening in the presence of bases such as piperidines, which are used to remove the Fmoc protecting group. Here we studied the formation of the corresponding acyl piperidides by time-dependent monitoring using NMR. The results, corroborated by theoretical calculations, indicate that a solution of piperidines in GVL should be prepared daily for a better Fmoc removal.

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Yuksel, I., S. Kilincalp, Y. Coskun, H. Akinci, and M. Hamamci. "P733 The influence of concomitant familial Mediterranean fewer on Crohn’s disease course: Data from an FMF endemic area." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S588—S589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.861.

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Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) and Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) are both inflammatory disorders characterised by recurrent abdominal pain and fever attacks. Mutations of Mediterranean (MEFV) gene appear to be associated with stricturing behaviour and extraintestinal manifestations of CD. Further clinical studies regarding progression of CD in coexistence with FMF is still required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of concomitant FMF in CD patients on the course of the CD in FMF endemic area. Methods Total 210 adult patients who had diagnosed with CD with or without FMF between November 2006 and April 2019 were respectively examined. FMF diagnoses were based on Tel-Hashomer criteria. The Montreal classification was used to define location and behaviour of CD. CD patients were divided into two groups FMF positive and FMF negative. Severity of CD was assessed by the need for hospitalisation related to CD, whether biological therapy was received and/or whether surgery was undergone due to CD. All demographic features, MEFV mutations, location/behaviour of disease, and extraintestinal manifestations were analysed retrospectively. Results In the present study, 8 (3.8%) of the total 210 CD patients have concomitant FMF. Mean follow-up time in CD-FMF was 59.55 months and CD-non-FMF was 60.98 months. CD patients with or without FMF showed similar demographic features including age, sex, smoking behaviour, disease location, behaviour, and treatment regimen in maintenance of the remission. Regarding extraintestinal manifestations, only peripheral arthritis was found significantly higher in CD-FMF patients (n = 3, 37.5%) compared CD-non-FMF patients (n = 21, 10.4%). In the CD-FMF patients, a result of MEFV mutation gene analysis was found in medical records 6 patients. Of those, 2 had homozygote MEFV mutation, 2 had heterozygote MEFV mutation and 2 without any MEFV mutations. In CD-FMF group, percentage of patients on biological therapy (n = 4, 50%) was significantly higher than CD-non FMF group (n = 24, 11.9%) (p = 0.012). Steroid dependence and hospitalisation in CD-FMF (n = 3, 37.5% and n = 5, 62.5%) group were relatively higher than CD-non-FMF (n = 83, 41.1%) group, but not statistically significant. The percentage of CD-FMF patients who underwent intestinal surgery (n = 1, 12.5%) was similar to that of CD-non-FMF (n = 33, 16.3%). Conclusion In the current study, the prevalence of FMF in CD patients was detected 3.8% in FMF endemic area. The group of patients on biological therapy in CD-FMF patients was significantly higher than CD-non-FMF patients. Frequency of hospitalisation in CD-FMF patients was relatively higher than CD-non-FMF patients. Our findings indicate that concomitant FMF in CD patients may have a negative effect on the course of CD.

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ADAMSON, J. G., M. A. BLASKOVICH, H. GROENEVELT, and G. A. LAJOIE. "ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Convenient Synthesis of tert-Butyl Ethers of Fmoc-Serine, Fmoc-Threonine, and Fmoc-Tyrosine." ChemInform 22, no. 38 (August 22, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199138258.

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Moldenhauer, Julie S., Shelly Soni, Natalie E. Rintoul, Susan S. Spinner, Nahla Khalek, Juan Martinez-Poyer, Alan W. Flake, et al. "Fetal Myelomeningocele Repair: The Post-MOMS Experience at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 37, no. 3 (August 15, 2014): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000365353.

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Background: Fetal myelomeningocele (fMMC) repair has become accepted as a standard of care option in selected circumstances. We reviewed our outcomes for fMMC repair from referral and evaluation through surgery, delivery and neonatal discharge. Material and Methods: All patients referred for potential fMMC repair were reviewed from January 1, 2011 through March 7, 2014. Maternal and neonatal data were collected on the 100 patients who underwent surgery. Results: 29% of those evaluated met the criteria and underwent fMMC repair (100 cases). The average gestational age was 21.9 weeks at evaluation and 23.4 weeks at fMMC repair. Complications included membrane separation (22.9%), preterm premature rupture of membranes (32.3%) and preterm labor (37.5%). Average gestational age at delivery was 34.3 weeks and 54.2% delivered at ≥35 weeks. The perinatal loss rate was 6.1% (2 intrauterine fetal demises and 4 neonatal demises); 90.8% of women delivered at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and 3.4% received transfusions. With regard to the neonates, 2 received ventriculoperitoneal shunts prior to discharge; 71.1% of neonates had no evidence of hindbrain herniation on MRI. Of the 80 neonates evaluated, 55% were assigned a functional level of one or more better than the prenatal anatomic level. Conclusion: In an experienced program, maternal and neonatal outcomes for patients undergoing fMMC repair are comparable to results of the MOMS trial.

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Ren, Lihai, Dangdang Wang, Chengyue Jiang, and Yuanzhi Hu. "Influence of Foramen Magnum Boundary Condition on Intracranial Dynamic Response Under Forehead Impact Using Human Body Finite Element Model." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 07 (May 10, 2019): 1950029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876219500294.

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The biofidelity is an essential requirement of the application of human head finite element (FE) models to investigate head injuries under mechanical loadings. However, the influence of the foramen magnum boundary condition (FMBC) on intracranial dynamic responses under head impacts has yet to be fully identified until now. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different modeling methods of the FMBC on intracranial dynamic responses induced by forehead impact, especially the axonal injury associated dynamic responses. The total human model for safety (THUMS) was applied in this study. Two FE models with different FMBC modeling methods were developed from the THUMS model. Then, three forehead impact FE models were established respectively, including the original THUMS model. Further FE simulations were conducted to investigate the influence of FMBC modeling methods on intracranial dynamic responses. Though, difference between the intracranial dynamic responses (relative skull-brain motion and strain responses) at areas far from the foramen magnum were slightly, the corresponding difference at the brain stem area were distinctly. Meanwhile, the predicted axonal injury risk of the brain stem white matter was varying among each other. Different modeling methods of FMBC could result in different intracranial dynamic responses of the brain stem, and affect the axonal injury prediction. Therefore, the modeling of the FMBC should be further evaluated for the study of brain stem injury using human head FE models.

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Engelmann, D., D. Koczan, P. Ricken, U. Rimpler, J. Pahnke, Z. Li, and B. M. Pützer. "Transcriptome analysis in mouse tumors induced by Ret-MEN2/FMTC mutations reveals subtype-specific role in survival and interference with immune surveillance." Endocrine-Related Cancer 16, no. 1 (March 2009): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-08-0158.

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Activating mutations in the Ret proto-oncogene are responsible for occurrence of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and 2B, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC). A striking genotype–phenotype correlation between the mutated RET codon and clinical manifestation implies that tumorigenesis is conditioned by the type of mutation. We investigated gene expression profiles between and within distinct MEN2 subtypes through whole-genome microarray analysis in tumors induced by NIH-3T3 cells transformed with defined RET-MEN2A (C609Y, C634R), MEN2B, (A883F, M918T), and FMTC (Y791F) mutations. Expression profiling identified a statistically significant modification of 1494 genes, 628 down- and 866 upregulated in MEN2B compared with MEN2A/FMTC tumors. By contrast, no obvious alterations were observed among individual MEN2B and MEN2A type mutations, or between MEN2A and FMTC. Functional clustering of differential genes revealed RET-MEN2B specific upregulation of genes associated with novel growth and survival pathways. Intriguingly, RET-MEN2A/FMTC-specific tumors were characterized by a considerable number of genes involved in the host antitumor immune response via stimulation of natural killer/T-cell proliferation, migration, and cytotoxicity, which were completely absent in RET-MEN2B related cancers. QPCR on tumors versus cultured NIH-RET cell lines demonstrated that they are largely attributed to the host innate immune system, whereas expression of CX3CL1 involved in leukocyte recruitment is exclusively RET-MEN2A/FMTC tumor cell dependent. In correlation, massive inflammatory infiltrates were apparent only in tumors carrying MEN type 2A/FMTC mutations, suggesting that RET-MEN2B receptors specifically counteract immune infiltration by preventing chemokine expression, which may contribute to the different clinical outcome of both subtypes.

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Journal articles on the topic 'FMFC'

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