Academic literature on the topic 'FM pylons'

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves two clinically defined entities, namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Fecal calprotectin (FCAL) is used as a marker to distinguish between organic IBD and functional bowel disease in disorders of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) spectrum. Food components may affect digestion and cause functional abdominal disorders of the IBS spectrum. In this retrospective study, we report on FCAL testing to search for IBD in 228 patients with disorders of the IBS spectrum caused by food intolerances/malabsorption. Included were patients with fructose malabsorption (FM), histamine intolerance (HIT), lactose intolerance (LIT), and H. pylori infection. We found elevated FCAL values in 39 (17.1%) of 228 IBS patients with food intolerance/malabsorption and H. pylori infection. Within these, fourteen patients were lactose intolerant, three showed fructose malabsorption, and six had histamine intolerance. The others had combinations of the above conditions: five patients had LIT and HIT, two patients had LIT and FM, and four had LIT and H. pylori. In addition, there were individual patients with other double or triple combinations. In addition to LIT, IBD was suspected in two patients due to continuously elevated FCAL, and then found via histologic evaluation of biopsies taken during colonoscopy. One patient with elevated FCAL had sprue-like enteropathy caused by the angiotensin receptor-1 antagonist candesartan. When screening for study subjects concluded, 16 (41%) of 39 patients with initially elevated FCAL agreed to voluntarily control FCAL measurements, although symptom-free and -reduced, following the diagnosis of intolerance/malabsorption and/or H. pylori infection. After the initiation of a diet individualized to the symptomatology and eradication therapy (when H. pylori was detected), FCAL values were significantly lowered or reduced to be within the normal range.

Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are among the most common types of chronic pain disorders in children. FAPD symptoms are characterized by chronic abdominal pain and changed bowel movements. The pathophysiology of FAPDs in children is unknown, but these conditions may have an imprecise clinical overlap to food intolerance/malabsorption. We report on 51 consecutive children (23/28 males/females; median age 15.3 years) with investigated FAPDs from 2017 to 2022 in this retrospective pilot study. Small intestinal biopsies in children demonstrated the association of lactase and diamine oxidase (DAO), which prompted us to perform hydrogen (H2) breath tests for lactose intolerance (LIT) and determine serum DAO for the evaluation of histamine intolerance (HIT) in pediatric patients with FAPDs. To complete the food intolerance/malabsorption evaluation tests, we included a search for antibodies against tissue transglutaminase to find celiac disease (CD), performed H2 breath tests to detect fructose malabsorption (FM), and conducted a search for IgA antibodies against H. pylori infection. The results demonstrate that all 51 children evaluated were diagnosed with food intolerance/malabsorption and/or various combinations thereof. Seven children showed FM, eight of the children had HIT, and eight children had LIT. The other children had combinations: thirteen children (25.5%) had HIT and LIT, seven children (9.8%) had FM with HIT, five children (13.7%) had FM and LIT, and three children (5.9%) had a triple combination of FM, HIT, and LIT. By describing this method of personalized investigation for food intolerance/malabsorption in children with FAPDs, we demonstrate that functional abdominal pain disorders may be associated with food intolerance/malabsorption. After such diagnosis in this pediatric population, a registered dietitian helped to establish a reduction and/or exclusion diet individually tailored to their symptomatology.

Electrical and contractile properties of the stomach were assessed in six adult dogs after recovery from surgical treatment for gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), a disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying of the solid phase. Electrodes and strain-gauge force transducers were sutured to the serosa of the antrum and pylorus at the time of surgical intervention for GDV. Ten days after implantation, electrical and mechanical activities were recorded before and after a standardized meal. The analog FM tape recordings of the electrical and mechanical signals were converted to digital time series for analysis by computer. Recordings from dogs after GDV showed increased slow wave propagation velocity in both the fasting and the fed states compared with controls. In addition, the GDV dogs had atypical fasting state phase III activity fronts. We found no difference in gastric slow wave frequency, dysrhythmia, or electromechanical coupling between the two groups. These results indicate that delayed gastric emptying in this syndrome is associated with increased gastric slow wave propagation velocity.

Abstract Purpose Animal studies have linked gastric herpesvirus infections to symptoms associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Herpesviruses have also been hypothesized to contribute to fibromyalgia (FM), a chronic pain syndrome frequently comorbid with FGIDs. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of gastric herpesvirus infection in patients with FGIDs, with and without comorbid FM, to that of controls. Methods For this pilot case–control study, we enrolled 30 patients who met both the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for one or more FGIDs and the American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria for FM, 15 patients with one or more FGIDs without comorbid FM, and 15 control patients. Following endoscopic examination, gastric biopsies were analyzed for herpesvirus DNA and protein, Helicobacter pylori infection, and histological evidence of gastritis. Importantly, the viral nonstructural protein ICP8 was used as a marker to differentiate cell-associated actively replicating virus from latent infection and/or free virus passing through the GI tract. Results Gastric herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, as indicated by ICP8 presence, was significantly associated with FGIDs in the presence (OR 70.00, 95% CI 7.42–660.50; P < .001) and absence (OR 38.50, 95% CI 3.75–395.40; P < .001) of comorbid FM. Neither histological gastritis nor H. pylori infection were found to be associated with FGIDs or FM. Conclusions HSV-1 infection was identified in gastric mucosal biopsies from patients with diverse FGIDs, with and without comorbid FM. Larger, multi-center studies investigating the prevalence of this association are warranted.

There are multiple diseases of the stomach and esophagus that will lead a patient to seek emergent care, including peptic ulcer disease (PUD), esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal foreign bodies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Hemorrhage and perforation are major emergencies in peptic ulcer disease and esophageal disease requiring early recognition with immediate resuscitative efforts to stabilize. This review covers the risk factors, pathophysiology, assessment and stabilization, diagnosis and treatment, and disposition and outcomes for patients with diseases of the stomach and esophagus. Figures show illustrations of esophageal anatomy, an algorithm for the evaluation of dysphagia, the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers, and radiographs demonstrating an esophageal button battery and pneumoperitoneum caused by a perforated ulcer. Tables list some common causes of esophageal stricture and pill-induced esophagitis, differential diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease and commonly used regimens to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection. Key Words: Peptic ulcer disease, esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal foreign body, GERD, H. Pylori, button battery

The overall incidence of gastric carcinoma has decreased in the past few decades, but it remains the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Malignant tumors of the small intestine are rare, and account for fewer than 5% of all gastrointestinal tract malignancies. This review details the classification, risk factors, clinical evaluation, investigative studies, staging, management, and follow-up and management of recurrent disease in gastric adenocarcinoma; in addition, it examines nonadenocarcinomatous gastric malignancies and small bowel malignancies. This review contains 7 figures, 21 tables, and 97 references. Keywords:Gastric adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, gastric lymphoma, Helicobacter pylori, small bowel adenocarcinoma, surgical resection, staging, chemotherapy, radiation therapy

La radio FM reste populaire chez toutes les catégories du grand public. Les antennes FM sont généralement placées sur des structures métalliques, aussi appelées pylônes, que les travailleurs doivent escalader pour effectuer des travaux de maintenance. La législation exige le contrôle de l’exposition lorsque les travailleurs sont exposés à des émetteurs à haute puissance. L’objectif de cette recherche est de caractériser les champs électromagnétiques dans les environnements des pylônes et d’évaluer l’exposition. Les champs électromagnétiques dans les environnements des pylônes sont généralement dans le champ proche des antennes, mais la caractérisation et la compréhension du champ proche dans la littérature est limitée à des cas spécifiques d’exposition. Cette recherche s’est donc focalisée sur la définition d’une nouvelle méthodologie en généralisant l’évaluation de l’exposition en champ proche. Cette étude a examiné l’environnement des champs proches en analysant des indicateurs de champs électromagnétiques que l’on peut trouver dans les pylônes, pour ensuite générer des champs incidents aléatoires aux caractéristiques similaires. Les champs aléatoires ont été validés et sélectionnés par un procédé, pour ensuite effectuer des simulations FDTD pour évaluer le débit d’absorption spécifique (DAS) .Cinq cents simulations FDTD pour l’évaluation du DAS ont été effectuées. Les résultats montrent une forte corrélation entre le DAS local/corps entiers et le champ électrique moyen. Des modèles de substitution permettant de lier le DAS au champ électrique ont été trouvés en utilisant des techniques de Machine Learning. L’incertitude des résultats de DAS et des modèles de substitution a été quantifiée
FM radio is still popular among all segments of the general population. FM antenna arrays are usually placed on metallic structures known as pylons that workers have to climb in order to do maintenance and repair work. Exposure monitoring is required by regulation when workers are exposed to high-power emitters. The purpose of this research is to characterize electromagnetic fields (EMF) in pylon environments and to assess EMF exposure in such cases.EMF in pylon environments tend to be in the near-field region of the antenna arrays, but the characterization and understanding of such environments in the literature is limited to specific exposure cases. This research has therefore focused on defining a new methodology by generalizing exposure assessment in the near-field.Using field metrics analysis in human-sized volumes, this study analyzed the near-field environments found in the transmission pylons and generated random incident fields that have the same characteristics. The random incident fields were subjected to a validation and selection process in order to be used in FDTD simulations for specific absorption rate (SAR) assessment.Five hundred FDTD simulations for SAR assessments were performed. The results showed a high correlation between local & whole-body SAR and averaged electric field strength. Surrogate models linking SAR to electric field strength were built using machine learning techniques. The uncertainty of the SAR results and the surrogate models was quantified