Academic literature on the topic 'FLWKF'

PurposeThis paper aims to design a tip state estimation method for a hybrid-structured flexible manipulator (HSFM) with one rotating joint and one telescopic joint in the vertical plane.Design/methodology/approachThe HSFM model is decomposed into a static deflection model and a vibration model. The sliding discrete Fourier transform (SDFT) is used to filter the high frequency noise and obtain main vibration components to represent the vibration model. Then, a novel fuzzy logic adaptive Kalman filter (FLAKF) is designed to estimate the state of a vibrational equilibrium position. The complete tip state of the HSFM is obtained by superimposing the FLAKF filter results with the SDFT vibration analysis results.FindingsBoth the simulation results and physical experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed tip state estimation method. The vibration analysis based on SDFT is used to represent the vibration model and reduce the computational complexity in the process of solving differential equation. The proposed FLAKF can effectively increase the stability and robustness of the estimator.Originality/valueIn this paper, the tip state estimation problem of the HSFM in vertical plane is first proposed. The effect of gravity on the HSFM is considered by the static deflection model. A precise tip state estimator is designed by a closed loop SDFT and a novel FLAKF, which can provide an accurate feedback for the vibration control controller and make an accurate evaluation of the control effect.

The balancing of digestive tract microbe can improve the digestive health of broiler chickens. Fermented lime waste flour (FLWF) contains citric acid, which can decrease digestive tract pH value to suppress pathogenic bacteria development and improve lactic acid bacteria growth in the small intestine of the broiler. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of using FLWF on pH value and small intestine microbial of broiler chickens. This study used 200 female broiler chickens. The research used a completely randomized design with four treatment levels of FLWF by 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% in every ration, with each treatment replicated five times. The parameters observed are the pH value of the small intestine, lactic acid bacteria ileum, and Coliform ileum. Data were calculated using the analysis of variance and difference test with Duncan's Multiple Range Test using the SPSS 19.0 program. The result indicates that using FLWF decreased (p<0.05) Coliform in the ileum, while pH value of small intestine and ileum lactic acid bacteria among treatments were not influenced (p>0.05). It concludes that adding FLWF at a 1% level could decrease ileum Coliform. Still, it could not decrease the pH value of the small intestine and increase the total lactic bacteria ileum.

<abstract><p>An improved anti-disturbance strategy is proposed to guarantee lateral stability for electric vehicles with external disturbance and input time delay. Firstly, the T-S fuzzy model is applied to describe active front wheel steering system (AFS). Based on the obtained model, a new collective observers including disturbance observer and state observer are structured to estimate disturbance and state simultaneously. Then, a compound control is designed by using the estimation values of collective observers. During the design process, a novel path-independent fuzzy Lyapunov-Krasovskii function (FLKF) and slack variable matrices are introduced to reduce conservatism. Finally, two simulation cases are implemented on Matlab/Simulink-Carsim to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.</p></abstract>

Abstract Mechanisms underlying fetal hemoglobin (HbF) reactivation in adult life have not been elucidated; particularly, the role of growth factors (GFs) is controversial. Interestingly, histone deacetylase (HD) inhibitors (sodium butyrate, NaB, trichostatin A, TSA) reactivate HbF. We developed a novel model system to investigate HbF reactivation: (1) single hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) were seeded in serum-free unilineage erythroid culture; (2) the 4 daughter cells (erythroid burst-forming units, [BFU-Es]), endowed with equivalent proliferation/differentiation and HbF synthesis potential, were seeded in 4 unicellular erythroid cultures differentially treated with graded dosages of GFs and/or HD inhibitors; and (3) HbF levels were evaluated in terminal erythroblasts by assay of F cells and γ-globin content (control levels, 2.4% and 1.8%, respectively, were close to physiologic values). HbF was moderately enhanced by interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment (up to 5%-8% γ-globin content), while sharply reactivated in a dose-dependent fashion by c-kit ligand (KL) and NaB (20%-23%). The stimulatory effects of KL on HbF production and erythroid cell proliferation were strictly correlated. A striking increase of HbF was induced by combined addition of KL and NaB or TSA (40%-43%). This positive interaction is seemingly mediated via different mechanisms: NaB and TSA may modify the chromatin structure of the β-globin gene cluster; KL may activate the γ-globin promoter via up-modulation of tal-1 and possibly FLKF transcription factors. These studies indicate that KL plays a key role in HbF reactivation in adult life. Furthermore, combined KL and NaB administration may be considered for sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia therapy.

Mechanisms underlying fetal hemoglobin (HbF) reactivation in adult life have not been elucidated; particularly, the role of growth factors (GFs) is controversial. Interestingly, histone deacetylase (HD) inhibitors (sodium butyrate, NaB, trichostatin A, TSA) reactivate HbF. We developed a novel model system to investigate HbF reactivation: (1) single hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) were seeded in serum-free unilineage erythroid culture; (2) the 4 daughter cells (erythroid burst-forming units, [BFU-Es]), endowed with equivalent proliferation/differentiation and HbF synthesis potential, were seeded in 4 unicellular erythroid cultures differentially treated with graded dosages of GFs and/or HD inhibitors; and (3) HbF levels were evaluated in terminal erythroblasts by assay of F cells and γ-globin content (control levels, 2.4% and 1.8%, respectively, were close to physiologic values). HbF was moderately enhanced by interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment (up to 5%-8% γ-globin content), while sharply reactivated in a dose-dependent fashion by c-kit ligand (KL) and NaB (20%-23%). The stimulatory effects of KL on HbF production and erythroid cell proliferation were strictly correlated. A striking increase of HbF was induced by combined addition of KL and NaB or TSA (40%-43%). This positive interaction is seemingly mediated via different mechanisms: NaB and TSA may modify the chromatin structure of the β-globin gene cluster; KL may activate the γ-globin promoter via up-modulation of tal-1 and possibly FLKF transcription factors. These studies indicate that KL plays a key role in HbF reactivation in adult life. Furthermore, combined KL and NaB administration may be considered for sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia therapy.

Le wushu, souvent connu en Occident sous le nom de kungfu, est bien plus qu'un simple art martial ; il symbolise une quête profonde d'harmonie entre le corps, l'esprit et l'âme, s'enracinant fermement dans la philosophie chinoise. Son histoire et sa diversité en font un sport riche et complexe, mêlant combats, esthétique, méditation et philosophie. Ses origines, ses caractéristiques, et ses multiples styles montrent la profondeur et la richesse de cet art.Ce sport, autrefois principalement pratiqué en Chine, s'est internationalisé, notamment grâce à l'émigration des maîtres chinois et à la popularisation de Bruce Lee à travers le cinéma. Cependant, malgré cette expansion internationale, le wushu a eu du mal à obtenir une reconnaissance en tant que discipline olympique, ne faisant son entrée qu'aux Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse en 2026. Cette reconnaissance tardive pourrait être perçue comme une manifestation du soft power chinois.Au Liban, le wushu a dû être adapté pour répondre à la culture locale. Néanmoins, avec le temps, cette adaptation est devenue une partie intégrante de la pratique du wushu dans le pays, donnant naissance à des champions de haut niveau malgré un environnement sportif hautement politisé. La première partie de la thèse a également abordé l'aspect institutionnel du wushu, soulignant les efforts de l’IWUF pour augmenter la popularité du sport à l'international. Elle a mis en exergue l'interaction étroite entre sport et politique, citant Pierre Blanc sur l'importance du sport comme reflet des enjeux sociétaux et politiques d'un pays. En fin de compte, le wushu est un microcosme reflétant à la fois des aspirations traditionnelles et des dynamiques modernes.La deuxième section de cette thèse porte sur la genèse et l'évolution du sport au Liban, reflet de l'histoire complexe et fracturée du pays. D'une part, certaines disciplines sportives et clubs témoignent de clivages communautaires, tandis que d'autres révèlent une unité nationale transcendante. L'analyse débute par un examen du paysage sportif libanais, en particulier de la manière dont la distribution politico-religieuse influence le sport. Une attention particulière est accordée à l'histoire des arts martiaux au Liban. Au-delà des violences des années de guerre, les arts martiaux avaient une place dans les traditions villageoises. Avec l'émergence des sports de combat modernes dans les années 1960, certains ont choisi de s'unir sous une fédération, cherchant à standardiser les règles de compétition pour garantir l'équité et la sécurité.Un sport, en particulier, se démarque : le wushu, introduit au Liban par Jean Khoury en 1970. Cette discipline s'est rapidement institutionnalisée et internationalisée, gagnant en prestige grâce à ses performances exceptionnelles. À travers des entretiens, la thèse retrace les trajectoires des fondateurs de la Fédération libanaise de wushu kungfu (FLWKF) ainsi que des membres clés de l'équipe nationale de 2019.La dernière section pose des questions cruciales sur l'identité de la FLWKF. Qui la compose ? Pourquoi certains choisissent-ils le wushu ? Où se situent les femmes dans cette dynamique ? Quelles sont leurs relations avec d'autres entités sportives, telles que le COL ?Bien que la FLWKF soit actuellement majoritairement chrétienne, elle a été fondée par une combinaison de chrétiens et de musulmans. Contrairement à d'autres fédérations, la FLWKF n'a jamais exclu les membres de la communauté musulmane. Les raisons de cette composition sont attribuées à la géolocalisation des clubs et aux choix de carrière des fondateurs. Malgré les tensions sociopolitiques au Liban, la FLWKF démontre que les divisions communautaires n'ont qu'un impact minime sur les performances sportives
The thesis explores the evolution of Wushu Kung-fu in Lebanon, a Mediterranean nation characterized by its political and social challenges. Despite the country's tensions and religious divides, Wushu Kung-fu has been a unifying force among the Lebanese since the 1970s, culminating in the country winning five medals at the 2019 World Championship.At the heart of this research is the story of Wushu's Chinese origins, its introduction in Lebanon and its growth. The thesis analyzes on one hand the Lebanese leaders’ strategies to control community divisions and political-economic challenges within this sport and from the other the role of the Lebanese Wushu Kung-fu Federation and its interactions with both local and external entities. Furthermore, the thesis illuminates the interplay between sports and politics.Wushu, known in the West primarily as kung fu, is a multifaceted sport, deeply rooted in Chinese philosophy, symbolizing the quest for harmony between body, mind, and soul. Its history, diverse styles, and character show its richness. The sport's global propagation is attributed to the diaspora of Chinese masters and Bruce Lee's cinematic influence. Yet, its recognition as an Olympic discipline will only come in the Youth Olympic Games of 2026. In Lebanon, Wushu's integration necessitated adaptations to the local culture, resulting in a uniquely Lebanese version of the sport leading to the interchangeable use of "wushu" and "kung-fu”. Firstly, while examining the martial arts landscape of Lebanon, we note how certain sports and clubs display community divisions while others exhibit transcendent national unity. Through interviews, the thesis unravels the stories of key federation and national team members, with a mention of Wushu's introduction to Lebanon by Jean Khoury in 1970, its subsequent institutionalization, and the accomplishments of the Lebanese Wushu Kung-fu Federation (FLWKF). While the FLWKF is currently comprised of mostly Christian members, its foundation had both Christian and Muslim contributors, and the federation never excluded Muslim community members. The geolocation of clubs and the career paths of its founders are deemed reasons for this makeup. The thesis underscores that despite sociopolitical tensions, sectarian divides minimally impacted the sport's performance.Secondly, the thesis delves into interviews with various sports stakeholders, investigating their perceptions and narratives about the emerging sport, especially regarding women's roles in combat sports. Through a systematic analysis, the research evaluates how sports, specifically Wushu, can shape and disseminate a positive national image, both locally and internationally. The Lebanese Wushu Kung-fu Federation holds notable achievements on the global stage despite budget constraints.In conclusion, this research chronicles the emergence of Wushu as a rallying sport in a country recognized for its significant sectarianism due to eighteen coexisting religious confessions. The Lebanese Wushu Kung Fu Federation's rise, predominantly with a Christian identity, showcases Wushu's potential as a national unifying symbol. The thesis opens on the need to expand the sport across Lebanon, especially in Muslim-majority regions, to promote female participation and to utilize Wushu as a tool for individual and collective well-being in Lebanon's diverse landscape