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Academic literature on the topic 'Flux d'émission'
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Journal articles on the topic "Flux d'émission"
González Yanci, M. ª. Pilar, and M. ª. José Aguilera Arilla. "Los países del este nuevo foco de emigración de la Europa actual. Su incidencia en España." Estudios Geográficos 61, no. 239 (November 29, 2017): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/egeogr.2000.i239.529.
Full textBIDDULPH, George Elliot, Yannick Enock BOCKO, Pierre BOLA, Bart CREZEE, Greta DARGIE, Ovide EMBA, Selena GEORGIOU, et al. "Connaissances actuelles et orientations futures des recherches sur le complexe de tourbières de la Cuvette centrale du Congo." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 355 (March 1, 2023): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2023.355.a37152.
Full textMichou, M., and V. H. Peuch. "Échanges en surface dans le modèle de chimie transport multi-échelles MOCAGE." Revue des sciences de l'eau 15 (April 12, 2005): 173–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705492ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Flux d'émission"
Simon, Valérie. "Les hydrocarbures biogéniques monoterpéniques. Taux et flux d'émission par les couverts végétaux." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT063G.
Full textHaziza, Martine. "Contribution à la détermination des taux et flux d'émission des composés isoprénoi͏̈ques par les écosystèmes forestiers." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT024G.
Full textSchwartz, Dominique. "Conception d'un réacteur à flux laser pour l'étude de la combustion de grains de charbon : applications aux mesures d'émission de polluants." Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0206.
Full textTu, Xin. "Caractérisation des plasmas atmosphériques générés par une torche à double anode destinée à la vitrification des REFIOM (Résidus d’Epuration des Fumées d’Incinération des Ordures Ménagères)." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUES015.
Full textThis work is devoted to the study of different atmospheric plasma jets produced by an original double anode plasma torch fed either with argon or with mixtures argon-nitrogen. In the former case, the analysis of the fluctuation emphasizes a “takeover” operating mode while, in the latter case, a “restrike” mode is identified with a 4. 1 kHz characteristic frequency. Spectroscopic measurements performed inside and outside the arc chamber lead to densities and temperatures which are close to the LTE calculated ones. The axial evolution of the excited species reveals a strong engulfment of the ambient air at the exit of the torch. The specific enthalpy of the plasma varies as the inverse of the distance squared. The available thermal flux density decreases from 100 to 10kWm-2 over around 20cm. So, this double anode plasma torch may be considered as a suitable energy source in the purpose of vitrifying MSWI fly ashes
Monna, Virginie. "Réactivité des décharges en flux dans les mélanges de gaz pour le traitement des surfaces." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30051.
Full textThe necessity to develop "clean" processes in the world of material treatments, pushes the industry to look about plasmas processes. This thesis tells about the use of a flowinf post-discharge reactor, at low pressure, for different surface treatments: metallic (aluminium and titanium) surface preparation for adhesion and sterilisation of medical instruments. First, the creation mechanisms in the microwave plasmas formed by gas mixtures (Ar, H2, O2, N2 and H2O) and the destruction of the atomic species H and O in the post-discharge are analysed by spectroscopic means and catalytic probes. Secondary, the treatments are tested in a modulated post-discharge reactor in CPAT. The influence of the experimental parameters is observed by the substrate analysis (FTIR, ESCA, tree points flexion mechanical tests and bacteria culture). .
Hamady, Mohamad. "Calcul du transfert radiatif dans une lampe à décharge à forte intensité par une technique de lancer de rayons." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30142.
Full textThis work presents a method for calculating radiative transfer in high intensity discharge lamps using a technique of ray tracing. The considered discharge is divided into elementary cells responsible for launching rays in all directions. We determine for each ray the crossed mesh and the distance travelled in each mesh. The radiative transfer equation (RTE) is then solved along each ray. We calculate thus the net emission coefficient, the spectral flux emitted by the discharge and also the photometric curves. These calculations consider that the discharge has a cylindrical symmetry and assume that the plasma is at local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). Hence, the only knowledge of the temperature profile and pressure is sufficient to calculate the chemical composition of plasma and to account the mechanisms of broadening of spectral lines in the treatment of radiative transfer. This calculation method is applied into lamps containing pure mercury and mercury doped with metal halides (thallium iodide). We deduce from energy calculations the photometric characteristics: Luminous flux, luminous efficacy, photometric curves, color temperature and chromaticity coordinates. We show the influence of thallium lines in photometric characteristics of the lamp
Rivera, Martinez Rodrigo Andres. "Validation and deployment of greenhouse gas sensors (CH4) for the characterization of industrial and urban sources." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASJ020.
Full textThis PhD aims at reconstructing atmospheric CH4 concentrations from voltage signals recorded by low-cost Metal Oxide Sensors (MOS) for the purpose of monitoring CH4 leaks from an industrial facility. Our strategy is based on the collocation of measurements by low-cost sensors and expensive very high accuracy instruments. The CH4 concentrations data from the high accuracy reference instrument are then used as a target variable to be reconstructed using MOS voltage and other predictors. The reconstruction is performed with both machine learning models and parametric models. It is applied to increasingly complex problems, including the reconstruction of: 1) smooth variations of ambient room air CH4 in a laboratory, 2) fast and large variations of CH4 during concentration spikes generated on a test bench in a laboratory with a typical signature similar to that observed for real world leaks, and 3) fast and large variations of CH4 observed in the field during a dedicated controlled release experiment. The first laboratory experiments revealed a high influence of H2O in MOS sensors, and the reconstruction with a Multilayer perceptron model showed good agreement between the references and the reconstructed room air concentrations (Chapter 2). The results of the second experiment (Chapter 3) showed the importance of the selection of the sensor's type in order to produce reconstructions of CH4 concentration with a 1 ppm accuracy (RMSE). We also discovered that the TGS 2611-C00 sensors provided a more accurate reconstruction of CH4 spikes than the TGS 2611-E00 ones. A parsimonious model training strategy allowed us to restrict the training set from 70% to 25% of the data without a degradation in the reconstruction of the CH4 spikes. Emission of controlled releases from reconstructed CH4 concentrations measured by MOS sensors and the inversion of a Gaussian atmospheric model (Chapter 4) were similar to those inverted from high accuracy reference data, with an average emission rate estimation error of 25% over 11 controlled releases and a location error of 9.5 m. The results of this PhD are the basis to explore advanced techniques based on machine learning to produce accurate estimates of CH4 concentrations, and study the information required by inversion modelling that produced best estimates of the emission rate and location of CH4 leaks
Kabbaj, Narjisse. "Etude du transfert radiatif d'un plasma thermique d'air : influence des propriétés radiatives dans la modélisation d'un arc libre." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30024.
Full textIn the simulation of electrical arc, the representation of radiative contribution is essential to provide a satisfactory description of the thermal behavior of the plasma. The accurate prediction of the radiative emission is essential to determine the evolution of the arc temperature. For a precise description of radiative effect, a resolution of the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) , is necessary necessary with knowledge of the absorption coefficient. Unfortunatly, the complexity of this coefficient - dependent on temperature and wavelenghth- makes this equation impossible to solve in term of computational cost. This is why many approximative methods are developed to simplify the calculation of the radiative properties. In this work, we have carried out a detailed description of the spectrum of an air plasma with about 7.106 points on frequency. From this description, we have calculated the divergence of the radiative flux either from the net emission coefficient (NEC) based on a geometric simplification of the plasma, or from the mean absorption coefficients (MAC) calculated after a division of the spectrum into 6 intervals in which we have used different mean functions (Classic, Planck, Planck Modified and Rosseland), or from an exact calculation corresponding to a direct solution of the RTE. This is why many approximative methods were developed to reduce numerical demands . The calculations have been done for 9 simplified configurations in 1D assuming a cylindrical plasma for which the temperature profile varies only with the radius. The different steps of the work are presented and highlight the influence of several parameters such as the temperature profile, the pressure, the copper vapors.... A great part of this work deals with the comparison between the results obtained from the exact resolution with the results deduced from the other approaches in order to validate the use and the accuracy of the different methods. This comparison allowed us to develop an optimization methodology providing improvements to the calculation of the approximate methods (NEC and MAC) allowing a better description of the radiative properties. Finally, this work presents the development of an axisymmetric 2D free-burning arc model solving the Navier-Stockes and Maxwell equations by the finite volume method. This model allows a comparison between the NEC method and the P1 method which takes into account the absorption of radiation in the cold areas
Barthélemy, Olivier. "Caractérisation d'un plasma d'aluminium créé par interaction laser-matière à bas flux sous environnement atmosphérique." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17330.
Full textMaltais-Landry, Gabriel. "Le cycle de l'azote de marais filtrants artificiels : potentiel d'émission de gaz à effet de serre (GES) et exportation de formes azotées." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8125.
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