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1

Robison, Robert Russell. "Simulation of fluorine-diffusion behavior and boron-fluorine co-interaction in silicon." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013790.

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2

Jin, Jian-Yue. "Fluorine Adsorption and Diffusion in Polycrystalline Silica." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277986/.

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The measurement of fluorine penetration into archeological flint artifacts using Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) has been reported to be a potential dating method. However, the mechanism of how fluorine is incorporated into the flint surface, and finally transported into the bulk is not well understood. This research focuses on the study of the fluorine uptake phenomenon of flint mineral in aqueous fluoride solutions. Both theoretical and experimental approaches have been carried out. In a theoretical approach, a pipe-diffusion model was used to simulate the complicated fluorine transportation problem in flint, in which several diffusion mechanisms may be involved.
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3

Gao, Chun. "19F DOSY Diffusion NMR Spectroscopy of Fluoropolymers." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1447069266.

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4

Kham, Man Niang. "Reduced boron diffusion under point defect injection in fluorine implanted silicon." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443049.

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5

Gaschen, Annina Alice-Maria. "Relevance of fluorine diffusion for exposure age dating in archeological bones and teeth /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.zb.unibe.ch/download/eldiss/05gaschen_a.pdf.

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6

El, Mubarek Huda Abdel Wahab Abdel Rahim. "Suppression of boron transient enhanced and thermal diffusion in silicon and silicon germanium by fluorine implantation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419196.

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7

Girard-Alcindor, Valerian. "Above barrier narrow resonances in fluorine-15." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC209.

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L’étude des noyaux non liés permet de tester notre compréhension du noyau atom- ique dans des conditions extrêmes. Dans cette thèse nous avons analysé deux expériences distinctes réalisées au GANIL au cours desquels nous avons étudié le fluor 15 situé deux neutrons au delà de la drip-line proton. Une des particularités intéressante de ce noyau est la présence d’états de parité négative particulièrement étroits et situés au dessus des barrières Coulombiennes et centrifuges. Nous nous sommes intéressés dans ce travail à ces états, nous avons confirmé l’existence du second état excité 1/2- et avons observé deux nouveaux états, un état 5/2- et un état 3/2- en mesurant leur décroissance par émission d’un ou de deux protons. Nous avons discuté la structure de ces états et avons tenté d’expliquer l’asymétrie observée entre l’état 3/2- du fluor 15 et son analogue dans le carbone 15. Nous avons détaillé aussi la possibilité d’observer des décroissances gammas entre états non-liés
The study of unbound nuclei beyond the drip-lines allows us to test our understand- ing of the atomic nucleus under extreme conditions. In this thesis, we have analyzed two separate GANIL experiments in which fluorine 15, located two proton beyond the proton drip-line, was studied. One of the interesting particularity of this nucleus is the presence of particularly narrow negative parity states, above the Coulomb and centrifugal barriers. In this work, we were interested in theses states. We have confirmed the existence of the second excited state 1/2- and have observed two new states, a 5/2- state and a 3/2- state by measuring their decay by emitting either one or two protons. The structure of these states has been discussed and we have tried to explain the origin of the asymmetry observed between the 3/2- state of fluorine 15 and its analogue state in carbon 15. We have also detailed the possibility of gamma transitions between unbound states
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8

Diebel, Milan. "Application of ab-initio calculations to modeling of nanoscale diffusion and activation in silicon /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9727.

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9

Evangelakis, Georgios A. "Superconducteurs ioniques de structure fluorine : A) mesure de la conductivité ionique du fluorure de strontium : B) étude des propriétés thermodynamiques du fluorure de calcium par simulation numérique." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10311.

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Dans ce travail nous présentons les résultats d'une étude expérimentale de la conductivité ionique du fluorure de strontium, ainsi que ceux d'une investigation des propriétés thermodynamiques du fluorure de calcium dans le domaine de conduction superionique par simulation à l'aide de la dynamique moléculaire. Les mesures de la conductivité ionique du fluorure de strontium ont été effectuées à haute température (700-1350 K) en fonction de la fréquence du champ électrique utilisé (10 HZ-10 MHZ). Pour toutes les températures exploitées, nous avons trouvé une dépendance de la conductivité en fonction de la fréquence. L'analyse des résultats au moyen de diagrammes d'impédance complexe a montré que cette dépendance est due aux mauvais contacts entre l'échantillon et les électrodes. L'utilisation de ces diagrammes a permis de déterminer la conductivité intrinsèque du matériau. Des diagrammes d'arrhenius pour la conductivité nous avons pu déterminer les énergies d'activation apparentes pour les différentes régions de conduction. Celles-ci ne permettent malheureusement pas d'identifier les mécanismes atomiques de superconductivité ionique. La simulation par la dynamique moléculaire (DM) du fluorure de calcium a été effectuée en utilisant un potentiel d'ions rigides. Nous avons calculé la constante de diffusion, le facteur de structure, la chaleur spécifique, le déplacement quadratique moyen et leur variation en fonction de la température. Les résultats sont en bon accord avec l'expérience, ce qui justifie à postériori le choix du potentiel. En utilisant la DM hors d'équilibre dans la région de réponse linéaire, la superconductivité ionique du fluorure de calcium a pu être obtenue. Les calculs indépendants de la conductivité et la constante de diffusion, fournissent le rapport de Haven, HR 0. 34, dans la région supérionique. Cette valeur suggère que la superconductivité ionique de ce matériau est due à un mécanisme collectif et corrélé ce qui est confirmé par l'analyse des trajectoires des particules
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10

Meiler, Michael Rudolf. "In Vivo Characterization of RIF-1 Tumors via Diffusion and Fluorine-19 NMR Methods." Link to electronic version, 1999. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-100999-170738/.

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11

Lyytik�inen, Katja Johanna. "Control of complex structural geometry in optical fibre drawing." University of Sydney. School of Physics and the Optical Fibre Technology Centre, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/597.

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Drawing of standard telecommunication-type optical fibres has been optimised in terms of optical and physical properties. Specialty fibres, however, typically have more complex dopant profiles. Designs with high dopant concentrations and multidoping are common, making control of the fabrication process particularly important. In photonic crystal fibres (PCF) the inclusion of air-structures imposes a new challenge for the drawing process. The aim of this study is to gain profound insight into the behaviour of complex optical fibre structures during the final fabrication step, fibre drawing. Two types of optical fibre, namely conventional silica fibres and PCFs, were studied. Germanium and fluorine diffusion during drawing was studied experimentally and a numerical analysis was performed of the effects of drawing parameters on diffusion. An experimental study of geometry control of PCFs during drawing was conducted with emphasis given to the control of hole size. The effects of the various drawing parameters and their suitability for controlling the air-structure was studied. The effect of air-structures on heat transfer in PCFs was studied using computational fluid dynamics techniques. Both germanium and fluorine were found to diffuse at high temperature and low draw speed. A diffusion coefficent for germanium was determined and simulations showed that most diffusion occurred in the neck-down region. Draw temperature and preform feed rate had a comparable effect on diffusion. The hole size in PCFs was shown to depend on the draw temperature, preform feed rate and the preform internal pressure. Pressure was shown to be the most promising parameter for on-line control of the hole size. Heat transfer simulations showed that the air-structure had a significant effect on the temperature profile of the structure. It was also shown that the preform heating time was either increased or reduced compared to a solid structure and depended on the air-fraction.
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12

Lyytikäinen, Katja Johanna. "Control of complex structural geometry in optical fibre drawing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/597.

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Drawing of standard telecommunication-type optical fibres has been optimised in terms of optical and physical properties. Specialty fibres, however, typically have more complex dopant profiles. Designs with high dopant concentrations and multidoping are common, making control of the fabrication process particularly important. In photonic crystal fibres (PCF) the inclusion of air-structures imposes a new challenge for the drawing process. The aim of this study is to gain profound insight into the behaviour of complex optical fibre structures during the final fabrication step, fibre drawing. Two types of optical fibre, namely conventional silica fibres and PCFs, were studied. Germanium and fluorine diffusion during drawing was studied experimentally and a numerical analysis was performed of the effects of drawing parameters on diffusion. An experimental study of geometry control of PCFs during drawing was conducted with emphasis given to the control of hole size. The effects of the various drawing parameters and their suitability for controlling the air-structure was studied. The effect of air-structures on heat transfer in PCFs was studied using computational fluid dynamics techniques. Both germanium and fluorine were found to diffuse at high temperature and low draw speed. A diffusion coefficent for germanium was determined and simulations showed that most diffusion occurred in the neck-down region. Draw temperature and preform feed rate had a comparable effect on diffusion. The hole size in PCFs was shown to depend on the draw temperature, preform feed rate and the preform internal pressure. Pressure was shown to be the most promising parameter for on-line control of the hole size. Heat transfer simulations showed that the air-structure had a significant effect on the temperature profile of the structure. It was also shown that the preform heating time was either increased or reduced compared to a solid structure and depended on the air-fraction.
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13

Xu, Yong-Jun. "Relaxation et diffusion des poteus de charge a courte et a longue distance dans quelques conucteurs ioniques de l'ion fluorure." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00150036.

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Les propriétés de transport et de diffusion e l'ion F ont été étudiées au sein de plusieurs séries de matériaux fluorés. La première partie de ce mémoire est consacrée à l'application du modèle des processus de clutérisation établi par J. M. Reau aux solutions solides de structure dérivée du type fluorine et comportant des cations substitutionels tétravalents. Cette étude a montré que ce modèle est un modèle général qui permet 'évaluer la nature et le nombre de porteurs de charge à longue distance en fonction de la composition. Les porteurs de charge dans les solutions solides M1xM"xF2+2x (M = Ca, Sr, Ba Pb ; M" = Th, U) ont été identifiés ux ions fluorure interstitiels F" et les processus de clutérisation ont été proposés au sein de ces solutions soles.
Les propriétés de transport et de diffusion de l'ion F - dans les phases du système BiF"-NH4F sont l'objet de la seconde partie de ce mémoire. Les phases de l'ammonium comparées aux phases homologues du rubidium compotent une plus grande mobilité de l'ion F- qui a été attribuée à des mouvements assistés de rotation/réorientation des ions NH4+. Cette hypothèse est confirmée par des investigations par RMN des phases du système BiF3-NH4F appliquées successivement aux noyaux 1H et 19F.
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14

Power, Jane Elizabeth. "New NMR tools for impurity analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/new-nmr-tools-for-impurity-analysis(f6814907-cb3b-4c67-9702-dda58fbc726c).html.

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New NMR Tools for Impurity Analysis was written by Jane Power and submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences at the University of Manchester, on 31st March 2016.NMR spectroscopy is rich in structural information and is a widely used technique for structure elucidation and characterization of organic molecules; however, for impurity analysis it is not generally the tool of choice. While 1H NMR is quite sensitive, due to its narrow chemical shift range (0 - 10 ppm) and the high abundance of hydrogen atoms in most drugs, its resolution is often poor, with much signal overlap. Therefore, impurity signals, especially for chemically cognate species, are frequently obscured. 19F NMR on the other hand offers extremely high resolution for pharmaceutical applications. It exhibits far wider chemical shift ranges (± 300 ppm) than 1H NMR, and typical fluorinated drugs, of which there are many on the market, have only one or two fluorine atoms. In view of this, 19F NMR is being considered as an alternative for low-level impurity analysis and quantification, using a chosen example drug, rosuvastatin. Before 19F NMR can be effectively used for such analysis, the significant technical problem of pulse imperfections, such as sensitivity to B1 inhomogeneity and resonance-offset effects, has to be overcome. At present, due to the limited power of the radiofrequency amplifiers, only a fraction of the very wide frequency ranges encountered with nuclei such as fluorine can be excited uniformly at any one time. In this thesis, some of the limitations imposed by pulse imperfections are addressed and overcome. Two new pulse sequences are developed and presented, CHORUS and CHORUS Oneshot, which use tailored, ultra-broadband swept-frequency chirp pulses to achieve uniform constant amplitude and constant phase excitation and refocusing over very wide bandwidths (approximately 250 kHz), with no undue B1 sensitivity and no significant loss in sensitivity. CHORUS, for use in quantitative NMR, is demonstrated to give accuracies better than 0.1%. CHORUS Oneshot, a diffusion-ordered spectroscopic technique, exploits the exquisite sensitivity of the 19F chemical shift to its local environment, giving excellent resolution, which allows for accurate discrimination between diffusion coefficients with high dynamic range and over very wide bandwidths. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is investigated and shown to be a suitable reference material for use in 19F NMR. The bandshape of the fluorine signal and its satellites is simple, without complex splitting patterns, and therefore good for reference deconvolution; in addition, it is sufficiently soluble in the solvent of choice, DMSO-d6.To demonstrate the functionality of the CHORUS sequences for low-level impurity analysis, 470 MHz 1H decoupled 19F spectra were acquired on a 500 MHz Bruker system, using a degraded sample of rosuvastatin, to reveal two low-level impurities. Using a standard Varian probe with a single high frequency channel, simultaneous 1H irradiation and 19F acquisition was made possible by time-sharing. Simultaneous 19F{1H} and 19F{13C} double decoupling was then performed using degraded and fresh samples of rosuvastatin, to reveal three low-level impurities (in the degraded sample) and low-level 1H and 13C modulation artefacts.
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15

Leyva-Ramos, Roberto, Nahum A. Medellín-Castillo, Jovita Mendoza-Barron, Laura Fuentes-Rubio, Rosa M. Guerrero-Coronado, and Raul Ocampo-Perez. "Kinetics of fluoride adsorption onto bone char." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-191067.

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16

Loppinet, Benoit. "Etude de la structure de solutions d'ionomères en solvants polaires par diffusion aux petits angles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10208.

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Ce travail presente l'etude, principalement par diffusion aux petits angles (dpa) de neutrons et de rayons-x, de solutions d'ionomeres. Les differentes analyses de l'intensite dpa (variation de contraste, analyse du comportement asymptotique, positions du pic d'interferences), appliquees aux solutions d'ionomeres perfluores (ipf), menent a la conclusion de la presence de particules colloidales de symetrie cylindrique. Cette geometrie est obtenue pour des solutions de trois ipf dans des solvants varies couvrant une gamme importante de constante dielectrique. La valeur du rayon depend de l'ipf et du solvant. En particulier les solutions dans l'eau se trouvent avoir les particules aux rayons les plus importants. Les etudes complementaires de solutions d'ipf par viscosimetrie font apparaitre des comportements dependant fortement du solvant (presence ou non d'effet polyelectrolyte suivant le solvant). Quelques mesures rmn mettent en evidence le comportement atypique des solutions aqueuses. L'etude par dpa de solutions aqueuses d'autres ionomeres, copolymeres d'ethylene et d'acide methacrylique, met la encore en evidence l'existence de particules colloidales, de geometrie ellipsoidale, dont la taille depend du taux de neutralisation
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17

Leyva-Ramos, Roberto, Nahum A. Medellín-Castillo, Jovita Mendoza-Barron, Laura Fuentes-Rubio, Rosa M. Guerrero-Coronado, and Raul Ocampo-Perez. "Kinetics of fluoride adsorption onto bone char." Diffusion fundamentals 11 (2009) 84, S. 1-2, 2009. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14056.

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18

Abdalian, Artin Thoross. "Diffusion Raman électronique par les excitons de haute énergie dans les fluorures de métaux de transition : Texte imprimé." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132012.

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Etude de la structure des niveaux excités du champ cristallin dans les isolants magnétiques. Evaluation du rôle et de l'importance des interactions d'échange dans la définition des états électroniques des cristaux et dans leur couplage avec le rayonnement électromagnetique. Les configurations 3D(6), 3D(7) et 3D(8) ont étè explorées dans KNiF(3), NaNiF(3), K(2)NiF(4), NiF(4), csnif::(3)
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19

Usunoff, Eduardo Jorge. "Factors affecting the movement and distribution of fluoride in aquifers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191137.

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This dissertation presents the results of laboratory experiments in which essential aspects of the movement of F- in saturated media have been addressed. The interactions between F-solutions and quartz, vermiculite, and kaolinite were studied through batch and column experiments. Quartz was found to react slightly with F⁻ , giving data described by a quasi-linear isotherm. Vermiculite adsorbed only minute amounts of F. A large uptake of F⁻ by kaolinite was measured. Ion exchange F⁻ by 0H⁻. may not have been the exclusive mechanism operating under the experimental conditions. The kinetics of the dissolution of fluorite (CaF₂) were investigated by means of batch and column tests. There appears to be a relationship between the dissolution rate and the mean flow velocity. Solution pHs greater than 5-6 may accelerate the dissolution process. For temperatures between 15 and 30°C, the dissolution is characterized by an activation energy of about 7 Kcal/mole, which would indicate that both surface reaction and transport are the rate-limiting step. The percolation of columns containing quartz, vermiculite, and kaolinite with multi-component solutions (including F⁻) resulted in a late breakthrough of F⁻ when compared with that of the other species. Circulation of distilled water led to an almost complete recovery of the F⁻ injected, which exited the column with relative concentrations greater than 1. When the packing included fluorite and distilled water was flushed through the column for 2 days, a concentration of F⁻ of about 1.3 pprn was rapidly reached and remained constant throughout the run. Multivariate analysis techniques (factor and correspondence analyses) were applied to data from two aquifers known to carry high F-waters. Although helpful in discriminating major and minor associations of species, none of those techniques could help unravel the behavior of F⁻ in the study aquifers. It is suggested that laboratory and field studies be continued and that, for the successful modeling of the movement and distribution of F⁻ in aquifers, non-linear source/sink terms should be included in the pertinent differential equation governing the transport of solutes.
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20

Pinoche, Monique. "Transport facilité dans les membranes échangeuses d'ions : application à l'extraction du dioxyde de carbone d'un mélange gazeux par le transporteur éthylènediamine monoprotonée." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES027.

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L'extraction d'un constituant d'un mélange gazeux peut être réalisée par couplage des phénomènes de diffusion et réaction à travers une membrane. Ce mode de transport a été appliqué à des membranes échangeuses d'ions dont les contre-ions, appelés transporteurs, réagissent réversiblement avec le substrat pour former un ou des complexes. Cette étude théorique a été appliquée au transport facilité du dioxyde de carbone par les ions éthylènediamines à travers différentes membranes échangeuses de cations (permion et nafion)
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21

Boutis, Gregory Steven 1975. "Measurement of the spin diffusion rate of dipolar order in single crystal calcium fluoride." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30010.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-74).
This thesis reports on the first measurement of the spin diffusion rate of a two-spin correlated state, known as dipolar order, in a single crystal of calcium fluoride. The experimental results for the component of the spin diffusion rate parallel with the azimuthal axis are ... for the [001] direction and ... for the [111] direction. These rates are significantly faster than those for Zeeman order and are also faster than theories have predicted. The standard method of measuring diffusion in magnetic resonance is to encode a spatial modulation of magnetization in a sample and then measure it's attenuation over time. The difficulty in measuring spin diffusion in solid crystals by these scattering methods is that the spin diffusion rate is very slow (of order 1 x 10⁻¹² cm²/s) and hence the displacement of coherence is very small. The experimental challenge for probing these dynamics is that a modulation must be created with a wavelength on these length scales. To perform the measurement a special probe was developed with a gradient coil constant of 370±10.5[G/cmA]. A special holder was designed for holding the 1mm³ sample in addition to a gradient switcher for switching pulsed currents through the coil. The peak pulsed gradient strengths ranged from 28 to 85 T/m and the spatial wavelengths generated ranged from 1[mu] to 0.5 [mu]/tm.
(cont.) Additional work focuses on correcting for finite pulse widths effects, phase transients and other pulse errors in a time-reversal multiple-pulse cycle known as the magic-echo sequence. The highest resolution achieved was a line-width of 0.5 Hz in a single crystal of calcium fluoride whose natural line-width was approximately 45 kHz, a reduction by 5 orders of magnitude. A phase alternating scheme for generating and detecting high order n-spin azimuthal spin correlations ... was also investigated. The relaxation times of 2, 3 and 4 spin correlations were was found to be comparable to that of dipolar order.
by Gregory Steven Boutis.
Ph.D.
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22

Delzenne, Pascale. "Piézoélectricité et microstructure dans des polymères ferroélectriques : PVF2 et P(VF2-F3E)." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10033.

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Etude de la microstructure polyfluorure de vinylidene (pvf::(2)) en phase beta orientee par diffusion rx centrale. L'organisation, la forme et les dimensions des cristallites sont caracterisees. Analyse de la transition ferro-para electrique du copolymere p(vf::(2)-f::(3)e). Mise en evidence du desordre dynamique de la phase paraelectrique qui induit une reorganisation de la microstructure du polymere oriente par laminage
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23

Cockeram, Brian Vern. "The development, growth and oxidation resistance of Boron- and Germanium-Doped Silicide diffusion coatings by Fluoride-Activated pack cementation /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487859313344332.

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24

Maunier, Caroline. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du fluorure de calcium : simulation des processus de diffusion en volume et dans un joint de grains par la dynamique moléculaire, fluage haute température /." Saclay : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35494882z.

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25

Xu, Yong-Jun. "Relaxation et diffusion des porteurs de charge à courte et à longue distance dans quelques conducteurs ioniques de l'ion fluorure." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10593.

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Les propriétés de transport et de diffusion e l'ion F ont été étudiées au sein de plusieurs séries de matériaux fluorés. La première partie de ce mémoire est consacrée à l'application du modèle des processus de clutérisation établi par J. M. Reau aux solutions solides de structure dérivée du type fluorine et comportant des cations substitutionels tétravalents. Cette étude a montré que ce modèle est un modèle général qui permet 'évaluer la nature et le nombre de porteurs de charge à longue distance en fonction de la composition. Les porteurs de charge dans les solutions solides M1xM"xF2+2x (M = Ca, Sr, Ba Pb ; M" = Th, U) ont été identifiés ux ions fluorure interstitiels F" et les processus de clutérisation ont été proposés au sein de ces solutions soles. Les propriétés de transport et de diffusion de l'ion F - dans les phases du système BiF"-NH4F sont l'objet de la seconde partie de ce mémoire. Les phases de l'ammonium comparées aux phases homologues du rubidium compotent une plus grande mobilité de l'ion F- qui a été attribuée à des mouvements assistés de rotation/réorientation des ions NH4+. Cette hypothèse est confirmée par des investigations par RMN des phases du système BiF3-NH4F appliquées successivement aux noyaux 1H et 19F.
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26

Gosso, Jean-Pierre. "Spectroscopie Raman des excitations magnétiques dans les fluorures antiferromagnétiques cobalteux purs ou desordonnés par substitution." Paris 13, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA132007.

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Description des excitations magnétiques dans k::(2) cof::(4) et rb::(2) cof::(4) par un modèle multi-excitonique construit sur un hamiltonien comprenant champ cristallin, couplage spin-orbite et échange de heisenberg opérant sur le multiplet fondamental de l'ion cobalt en champ cristallin cubique. L'interprétation pour les composés désordonnés par substitution d'un ion magnétique mn se fait par fonctions de green ou modèle de champ moléculaire
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27

Bobe, Jean-Marc. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés de transport et de diffusion des verres fluorés à base de tétrafluorure de zirconium." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10546.

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28

Jeandel, Gérard. "Influence de quelques impuretés sur les thermo-courants ioniques, et la dynamique de vibration des fluorures de baryum et strontium." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10192.

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Interprétation de l'absorption IR par un modèle base sur les fonctions de green et nécessitant la connaissance de la dynamique du cristal et de la perturbation due à l'impureté. Les spectres raman de BAF::(2) : DY**(3+) et SRF::(2) : DY**(3+) comportent des raies à des fréquences voisines ; leur position est identique dans un repère de fréquence absolu pour les raies laser différentes. Cette étude a permis l'interprétation des courbes de thermo-courant ionique par l'intermédiaire de constantes diélectriques
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29

Maunier, Caroline. "Etude theorique et experimentale du fluorure de calcium : simulation des processus de diffusion en volume et dans un joint de grains par la dynamique moleculaire, fluage haute temperature." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112038.

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Dans ce travail, nous reportons l'etude par la dynamique moleculaire de la phase superionique du fluorure de calcium et d'un joint de grains dans ce materiau, ainsi qu'une etude experimentale du fluage du fluorure de calcium a haute temperature. La simulation par la dynamique moleculaire (dm) du fluorure de calcium nous a permis de calculer dans une gamme de temperatures allant de 1300 a 1700 k les concentrations en defauts de frenkel anioniques, les relaxations des positions anioniques autour d'un interstitiel et les frequences de saut des atomes, le tout en bon accord avec les donnees experimentales de diffusion de neutrons. L'analyse de ces resultats et des trajectoires des anions a 1300 k montre que plusieurs mecanismes de diffusion, d'energie d'activation differentes, contribuent a la conductivite de la phase superionique. La simulation d'un joint de grains de flexion de forte desorientation nous a permis d'etudier la structure et les proprietes dynamiques de cet interface. De plus, nous avons mis en evidence que la superionicite se manifestait au joint pour des temperatures bien plus faibles que dans le volume. La faible energie d'activation pour la diffusion intragranulaire comparee a celle du volume indique la plus grande facilite de formation des defauts ponctuels a l'interface. La diffusion anionique est isotrope a l'interface et met en jeu des mecanismes collectifs et complexes. Les experiences de fluage menees dans une gamme de temperatures allant de 1200 a 1610 k, et de contraintes allant de 0. 45 a 10. 75 mpa ne nous ont pas permis de mettre en evidence une eventuelle transition des proprietes plastiques du fluorure de calcium monocristallin associee a l'apparition de la superionicite. L'energie d'activation apparente du fluage determinee est proche de l'energie d'autodiffusion du calcium laissant supposer que la deformation plastique est due a la montee des dislocations controlee par la diffusi
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30

Baudet, Cédric. "La décompression explosive du PVDF en présence de CO2 : modélisation des couplages et de l’initiation de l’endommagement." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2300.

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Le PVDF, polymère semi-cristallin utilisé dans les gaines de pression de flexibles, peut mousser lors de fortes variations de pressions de CO2 au sein de la gaine. L’endommagement irréversible apparaît en raison de forts couplages thermo-diffuso-mécaniques. Dans le logiciel Abaqus, une étude numérique de plusieurs modèles de la littérature a permis de dégager les couplages majeurs intervenant lors d’une décompression. Une modélisation tenant compte de ces derniers est alors développée, le VER est dans ce cas représenté par un milieu biphasique caractérisé par la superposition de deux milieux continus. Le modèle est appliqué à la diffuso-viscoplasticité et une loi de cavitation empirique est introduite. Une étude qualitative du modèle, implémenté dans Abaqus, permet de suivre l’évolution des contraintes dans le matériau et d’un taux initial de cavités lors d’une décompression. Cet outil devrait contribuer à la caractérisation de l’endommagement du PVDF lors d’une décompression de CO2
The PVF2 is a semicrystalline polymer used in the pressure sheaths of flexible oil-carrying pipes. It can foam during strong CO2 pressures variations within the sheath. The irreversible damage appears because of strong thermo-diffuso-mechanics couplings. In the Abaqus software, a numerical study of several models of the literature made it possible to release the major couplings intervening during a decompression. A modelling holding account of the latter is then developed, the ERV is in this case represented by a biphasic medium characterised by the superposition of two continuous media. The model is applied to diffuso-viscoplastic behaviour and an empirical law of cavitation is added to this last. A qualitative study of the model, implemented in Abaqus, makes it possible to follow the evolution of the stress and also of an initial rate of cavities during decompression. This tool should contribute to the characterisation of the damage of the PVDF during a CO2 decompression
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31

Camsonne, A. "Dispositif expérimental pour la diffusion Compton virtuelle dans le régime profondément inélastique dans le Hall A au Jefferson Laboratory." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683591.

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L'expérience de diffusion Compton profondément virtuelle sur le proton (DVCS) du Hall A a pris le faisceau d'électrons de 5,757 GeV polarisé du Jefferson Laboratory de septembre à décembre 2004. Elle a utilisé un spectromètre à haute résolution associé à un calorimètre électromagnétique en fluorure de plomb et à un détecteur de protons tous deux spécialement conçus pour fonctionner à une haute luminosité de 10 puissance 37cm puissance-2s puissance-1 permettant de signer les évènements exclusifs sans ambiguïté. Trois mesures ont été effectuées à x indice bjorken=0.32 constant pour 3 valeurs de Q puissance2 : 1.5 GeV carré, 1.91GeV carré, 2.32 GeV carré. Une électronique dédiée a aussi été mise en place permettant de résoudre l'empilement plus tard à l'analyse ainsi qu'un module de coïncidence électron-photon. Les données de la cinématique à 2.32 GeV carré et s=5.6 GeV carré ont permis d'extraire un résultat préliminaire pour la section efficace d'électrproduction exclusive de pi0 sur le proton
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32

Sarrasin, Florian. "Étude de la perméabilité de polymères semi-cristallins en présence de mélanges de gaz." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10079/document.

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La connaissance et la maîtrise de la perméation des fluides au travers des gaines polymères sont des problématiques de première importance pour optimiser la structure des conduites flexibles transportant des fluides pétroliers, mais aussi d'une façon générale dans le cas des transports de gaz. Une des préoccupations majeures vise à une meilleure compréhension du comportement de ces matériaux et vise à décrire les interactions polymère-gaz dans les flexibles, en particulier dans le cas de mélanges pétroliers agressifs et dangereux contenant de l'H2S. Grâce à l'utilisation d'équipements expérimentaux permettant notamment d'effectuer des essais de perméabilité avec des mélanges gazeux présentant de très faibles proportions d'H2S, nous avons étudié l'influence de la composition du gaz sur les propriétés barrière de deux grades de PVDF utilisés dans les flexibles : le Coflon XD et le Coflon XD déplastifié. Dans une gamme de pression modérée, des effets de pression des gaz purs (CH4 et CO2), puis des effets de couplage entre les gaz CH4, CO2 et H2S ont été mis en évidence sur la perméabilité, la diffusion et la solubilité. Des méthodes de simulation moléculaire de type Monte Carlo dans l'ensemble osmotique ont en outre été utilisées pour étudier la solubilité des gaz dans le PE, notamment pour des pressions très élevées. Les résultats confirment tout d'abord des observations expérimentales faites à pression modérée : les modes de sorption sont de type Henry pour le CH4 et le CO2 et de type Flory-Huggins pour l'H2S. Ils permettent également de mettre en évidence des effets de pression hydrostatique qui limitent à la fois la sorption de gaz, mais également le gonflement du PE dans le domaine des très fortes pressions (jusqu’à 2000 bar) et ce même en condition de mélanges de gaz. Les effets mis en évidence dans cette étude ont été modélisés via des lois en exponentielle de type Flory-Huggins pour la solubilité, Long pour la diffusion et une approche basée sur les travaux de Naito pour les effets de pression hydrostatique observés sur la solubilité
Polymer materials are used in numerous applications where the knowledge and the control of their transport properties are required. Concerning the flexible oil and gas pipes, the main function of polymer sheaths is to ensure the pipe leakproofness with respect to the external environment and also the conveyed fluids such as water, acid gases, crude oil. It is essential to have a deeper understanding of phenomena concerning the permeation of gases at very high pressures and temperatures through thermoplastic polymers, more especially in term of interactions between polymer chains and gases mixtures and particularly with hydrogen sulfide. Thanks to the utilisation of apparatus developed to study the permeability of polymers in presence of gas mixtures, in particular with small contents of hydrogen sulphide, we studied the influence of the gas mixture composition on the barrier properties of two kinds of PVDF used in applications such as sheath of flexible pipes. In a moderate pressure range, pressure effects of pure gases (CH4 and CO2), then coupling effects between the gases CH4, CO2 and H2S have been evidenced on the permeability, the diffusion and the solubility. Monte Carlo simulations in the osmotic ensemble have been performed. It allowed studying the solubility of gases in PE, in particular at high pressure. The results first confirm the experimental observations made at moderate pressure: sorption mode are Henry for CH4 and CO2 and Flory Huggins for H2S. It also allow to evidence effects of hydrostatic pressure which limit gas sorption and polymer swelling in the domain of very high pressure (up to 2000 bar), even in gas mixture condition. The effects evidenced in this study have been modelled via exponential laws. A simplified Flory Huggins type for the solubility, a Long type for the diffusion and an approach based on the works of Naito to take into account the hydrostatic pressure effects observed on the solubility
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33

AYADI, MOHAMED. "Contribution a l'etude de la dynamique de reseau de quelques composes de la serie de la mathlockite (pbfcl)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13183.

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Etude de l'energie de cohesion de composes a structure de mathlockite; conditions de stabilite, expressions de la polarisation ionique, des constantes d'elasticite et des constantes dielectriques (modele de la coquille, presence de sites non centrosymetriques). Condition de synthese et de croissance cistalline de cahcl, bafcl, pbfcl et biocl; spectres raman et ir. Analyse des spectres de reflexion ir de bafcl (kramers-kronig et oscillateur classique). Determination de la densite d'etats et de la dispersion de phonons pour bafcl; calcul de certaines constantes d'elasticite
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34

Lee, Shih-Chieh, and 李世傑. "The Suppression of boron Diffusion of MOSFET by Using Carbon or/and Fluorine Implantation." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92221436967287900215.

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碩士
長庚大學
半導體產業研發碩士專班
95
In this thesis, carbon or/and fluorine implantation in source/drain region were applied to NMOSFETs in peripherally devices of DRAM circuit. According to physical and electrical analysis, the results can be a reference for future CMOS process. Additionally, the effects of implantation before/after spacer formation on electrical characteristic were investigated. From SIMS experimental result, carbon ions occupied the interstitials of silicon ions and boron ions, thus the diffusion of boron ions could be suppressed. However, no obvious improvement could be observed for fluorine implantation. On the other hand, electrical results showed the differences between the carbon and fluorine implantation in source/drain region before/after the formation of the spacer. These differences were verified and discussed by NFETFETs electrical test including threshold voltage, saturated drain current, off-state current, sub-threshold swing, body effect, threshold voltage roll off, overlay capacitance, gate induce drain current, and junction leakage. According to electrical results of the carbon and fluorine implantation after the formation of the spacer, we not only observed the excellent device characteristic but also found the unlikeness of carbon and fluorine implantation.
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35

Wolff, Reinhard. "Fluorite (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-87A4-2.

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36

Brenneman, Jesse. "High-Temperature Oxidation, Fluoride-Ion Cleaning, and Activated Diffusion Brazing of Nickel-Based Superalloy GTD111." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5873.

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The need for industrial gas turbines to operate at higher temperatures and/or speeds has resulted in the continual modification of nickel-based superalloys to provide better high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance for components such as hot-section turbine blades. Thermal-Mechanical Fatigue (TMF) cracking, accelerated by the oxidation that forms as a result of the exposure of bare metal during the crack-opening stages, is one of the most common forms of damage experienced by service-run turbine blades. Due to the high costs associated with manufacturing nickel-based superalloy components, damaged turbine blades must be repaired to restore their original mechanical properties. One such method, Activated Diffusion Brazing (ADB), is under development for this purpose, and involves melting a two-part powder mixture into a damaged region. However, the tenacious oxides formed on nickel-based superalloy components provide an obstacle for the repair process, and must be removed. Fluoride-Ion Cleaning (FIC) uses flowing hydrogen and HF gas to remove tenacious oxide scales through a set of chemical reactions, leaving cleaned components free of oxide compounds and depleted of the strong oxide-formers of Al and Ti. GTD111 is a nickel-based superalloy containing the strong oxidizing elements of Al, Ti, and Cr, and is similar in composition to other nickel-based superalloys such as DD8 and Rene95. Literature concerning the oxidation, cleaning, and brazing of this particular alloy is limited, and as such this thesis serves as a comprehensive overview of the chemical effects of each above process on GTD111. The objectives of this project are to determine, through SEM-EDX and element mapping analysis, the oxidation behavior of nickel-based superalloy GTD111, the effects of oxidation and FIC on the chemistry near the surface of this particular alloy, and the effects of mixing ratio and paste viscosity on the quality of repairs made by ADB. Notches of 8 mm depth and 0.25 mm width were made in coupons of GTD111 via wire-EDM and samples were oxidized between 1 and 452 hours at 900°C. Samples oxidized between 96 and 452 hours were sectioned in half and one half of each sample was cleaned via the standard FIC process at Ti-Coating Inc. Notches of 8 mm depth and 1 mm width, also made via wire-EDM, were repaired by the ADB process with a bonding temperature of 1220°C and a holding time of 65 minutes. Time-dependent multi-layer oxide growth was observed on all samples, consisting of an innermost discontinuous aluminum oxide region, followed by a thin continuous band of Ni-W-Ta oxide and a thicker, very dense chromium oxide layer. Some oxidation times exhibited the presence of weak, inconsistent oxide regions rich in Ni and/or Ti. Since the GTD111 alloy does not contain sufficient amount of Al to form a continuous layer – as 5-7% Al is required – oxidation resistance was provided mainly by the formation of the dense chromium oxide layer. A region heavily depleted of Al and Ti and therefore the strengthening gamma prime phase was observed below and surrounding the Al-rich oxide regions. Chemical analysis of cleaned samples showed that the standard FIC process at Ti-Coating Inc. was able to remove all oxide compounds formed during oxidation at 900°C, and that the prior oxidation time had no effect on the chemistry within the surface of the cleaned samples; however, the depths of elemental and gamma prime phase depletion were affected. The elemental depletions of Al and Ti have been observed in past studies, but depletions of Ni and concentrations of Cr near the surfaces of cleaned components have not been previously observed. Preliminary brazing trials made with varying paste viscosities demonstrated the importance of paste pre-placement and maintaining the molten filler metal within the notch, as better pre-placement resulted in higher densities in the braze-repaired region of the brazing trial samples. Although porosity was observed on all samples, the paste pre-placement was found to be more important in reducing porosity than the mixing ratio and paste viscosity, although using an appropriate paste viscosity allowed for better pre-placement.
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37

Olsen, Lawrence Robert. "The defect chemistry and diffusion of fluoride interstitials in Eu³⁺ doped CaF₂ studied with site selective spectroscopy and high pressure techniques." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34332428.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1995.
Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-176).
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