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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluoride glasses Thermal properties'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Melnikov, P., R. Rolim, A. Delben, J. R. Delben, A. C. Souza, and A. E. Job. "Thermal properties of fluoride glasses and their gel precursors." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 75, no. 1 (2004): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jtan.0000017331.26326.54.

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2

Baró, M. D., A. Otero, S. Suriñach, A. Jha, S. Jordery, M. Poulain, A. Soufiane, D. W. Hewak, E. R. Taylor, and D. N. Payne. "Thermal properties and crystallization kinetics of new fluoride glasses." Materials Science and Engineering: A 179-180 (May 1994): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(94)90215-1.

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3

Rodríguez Chialanza, Mauricio, Germán Azcune, Heinkel Bentos Pereira, and Ricardo Faccio. "New Perspective on Thermally Stimulated Luminescence and Crystallization of Barium Borate Oxyfluoride Glasses." Crystals 11, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070745.

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The demand for modern materials, especially glasses, used in different applications, such as radiation sensors and spectral converters, requires a detailed study of their properties. The incorporation of fluoride compounds in borate glasses and their crystallization at the nanometric scale allows the properties of these materials to be further enhanced. Although many works showed improvements in some of these properties, some critical aspects, such as the crystallization mechanism and the role of the fluorine phase, need more investigation. We worked with xNaF (100 − x)BaO·2B2O3 glasses with x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35% (in mol) to increase the knowledge in this field. The structural modifications and the thermally stimulated luminescence of the glasses were studied, and their crystallization was analyzed by thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. A continuous trap distribution was found, which was responsible for its very good luminescent signal, especially in glasses with 20% NaF. By selecting a suitable amount of NaF, it is possible to obtain nanocrystals of BaF2. These promising results we reached show the applicability of these materials.

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4

Iqbal, Tariq, Mahmoud R. Shahriari, Glenn Merberg, and George H. Sigel. "Synthesis, characterization, and potential application of highly chemically durable glasses based on AlF3." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 2 (February 1991): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.0401.

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Fluorozirconate glasses are stable with respect to devitrification but have poor chemical durability and only fair mechanical strength. AlF3-based glasses with improved chemical durability and enhanced mechanical strength are reported here. The optical, mechanical, and thermal properties of these glasses are contrasted to the more familiar ZBLAN composition. The infrared edge of these glasses lies at shorter wavelengths than ZrF4-based glasses, but aluminum fluoride glasses offer some interesting opportunities for short-range IR fiber applications such as sensing, remote spectroscopy, and laser power propagation.

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5

Liu, Shujiang, and Anxian Lu. "Physical and Spectroscopic Properties of Yb3+-Doped Fluorophosphate Laser Glasses." Laser Chemistry 2008 (September 25, 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/656490.

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The physical properties including refractive index, Abbe number, nonlinear refractive index, microhardness and thermal expansion coefficient, and spectroscopic properties of Yb3+-doped fluorophosphate laser glasses were investigated. The results show that due to the addition of fluoride, mechanical and thermal properties are promoted, emission cross-section σemi is also greatly enhanced. The largest gain coefficient σemi·τm (0.824 pm2·ms) can be obtained with the minimum pump intensity Imin (1.112 kw/cm2). This kind of Yb3+-doped fluorophosphate glass is an excellent candidate material for Yb3+-doped host for high-power generation.

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6

Lakshminarayana, G., Eric M. Weis, Bryan L. Bennett, Andrea Labouriau, Darrick J. Williams, Juan G. Duque, Mansoor Sheik-Bahae, and Markus P. Hehlen. "Structural, thermal, and luminescence properties of cerium-fluoride-rich oxyfluoride glasses." Optical Materials 35, no. 2 (December 2012): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2012.07.022.

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7

Damrawi, G. El. "Â¬Â¬Chromium fluoride-containing bioactive glasses: Structure and properties." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 13, no. 4 (August 1, 2017): 4868–48775. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v13i5.6042.

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Bioglasses in the system 24.5Na2O.24.5CaO.6P2O5.xCrF2.(45-x)SiO2 have been studied in the composition region of x= 0-10 mol%. CrF2. Glass of molar ratio (Ca+Na)/SiO2 ~1.1 is the base material for the glasses containing different CrF2 concentrations. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetriy (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Vicher hardness (Hv) measurements have been carried out. Crystalline feature of the glasses is followed up by XRD spectroscopy. It is found that crystallinity was enhanced via CrF2 addition. More enhancement was confirmed via thermal heat treatment process. Increasing CrF2 and sintering temperature will induce new ordered phases which will be distributed in the main glassy phase. Well formed flouroapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F and wollastonite Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3 phases containing fluorine and chromium ions are evidenced in CrF2 containing glasses. Increasing glass transition temperature Tg and hardness number Hv upon increasing CrF2 concentration was discussed on bases of formation of additional bonds by the effect of CrF2 molecules. The measured temperature window between Tc and Tg was found to have a great influence in material structure. Wide window is a feature of amorphous glass which free from CrF2. The window scale is found to quickly decrease with increasing CrF2, since crystalline phases are already formed in glasses containing CrF2. Formation of crystalline intermediate phases with more shielded silicate and phosphate structural is considered as the main reason for increasing Tg and (Hv) of the glasses. EDS as well as XRD analyzed spectra confirm that crystalline wollastonite of calcium inosilicate mineral (CaSiO3) phase is well formed. The wollastonite species is evidenced to contain small amounts of chromium and fluorine ions which are substituting for calcium cations. Wollastonite phases with Cr/Si=1 is the most dominant type. This ratio is a characteristic feature of crystalline CaSiO3 species. Small concentration from fluorine ions are involved in apatite phases. Presence of both crystalline apatite and wollastonite in the sample matrix promotes its biocompatibility, particularly orthopedic bioactivity. As a consequence, some of investigated glasses are recommended to be applicable in dental field of applications. This depends on its own crystallinity, hardness, its apatite and wollastonite concentration as biocompatible phases in the crystallized glass

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8

Lakshminarayana, G., Hucheng Yang, Song Ye, Yin Liu, and Jianrong Qiu. "Cooperative downconversion luminescence in Pr3+/Yb3+:SiO2–Al2O3–BaF2–GdF3 glasses." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 11 (November 2008): 3090–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0372.

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Oxyfluoride aluminosilicate glasses with compositions of 50SiO2–20Al2O3–20BaF2–10GdF3–0.5PrF3–xYbF3(x = 0, 1.0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mol%) have been prepared to study their thermal and optical properties. From the differential thermal analysis (DTA) measurement, glass-transition temperatures and onset crystallization temperatures have been evaluated and from them, glass-stability factors against crystallization were calculated. Glass stabilities were decreased gradually with fluoride content increment in all the studied glasses. The photoluminescence and decay measurements have also been carried out for these glasses. In these glasses, an efficient near-infrared (NIR) quantum cutting with optimal quantum efficiency approaching 160% have been demonstrated, by exploring the cooperative downconversion mechanism from Pr3+ to Yb3+ with 481 nm (3P0 → 3H4) excitation wave length. These glasses are promising materials to achieve high-efficiency silicon-base solar cells by means of downconversion in the visible part of the solar spectrum.

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9

Lima, S. M., J. A. Sampaio, T. Catunda, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, M. L. Baesso, A. C. Bento, and F. C. G. Gandra. "Time-resolved thermal lens measurements of thermo-optical properties of fluoride glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 256-257 (October 1999): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(99)00489-5.

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10

S.L, Meena. "Spectral and Thermal Properties of Ho3+ Doped Aluminum- Barium- Calcium-Magnesium Fluoride Glasses." International Journal of Applied Physics 7, no. 01 (January 25, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23500301/ijap-v7i1p103.

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11

Baskov, Pyotr B., Gleb V. Marichev, Vyacheslav V. Sakharov, and Vladimir A. Stepanov. "Nuclear-optical converters for detecting intense neutron." Nuclear Energy and Technology 8, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.8.82558.

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In the design of nuclear-optical converters (NOC) for detecting intense neutron fields (fluxes over 1015 cm–2·s–1), it is proposed to use hybrid gas ionization chambers (IC), in which electrical and optical neutron detecting methods are combined. For hybrid ICs, a technology is proposed for obtaining radiation-resistant and mechanically strong radiator materials capable of operating at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. This technology is based on solid-phase boron diffusion saturation of steel. It is shown that, at thermal neutron fluxes of 1×1010 n/(cm2·s) and higher, the integral intensity of argon luminescence as a result of ionization by α-particles and 7Li ions from layers of boride phases is sufficient for detection. The combination of optical and radiation properties of multicomponent fluoride glasses makes it possible to use them as condensed active substances of NOCs. Choosing the elemental and isotopic composition, it becomes possible to use fluoride glasses for multichannel neutron detection as well as to significantly simplify the procedure for separating gamma and neutron components of radiation under conditions of intense radiation fluxes. It has been experimentally shown that in irradiation with a neutron flux of 1×1017 n/(cm2·s), the intensity of Nd IR luminescence in glasses based on zirconium fluoride (ZBLAN) increases in the presence of Gd, which interacts with neutrons.

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12

Lima, S. M., T. Catunda, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, M. L. Baesso, A. C. Bento, and L. C. M. Miranda. "Temperature dependence of thermo-optical properties of fluoride glasses determined by thermal lens spectrometry." Physical Review B 60, no. 22 (December 1, 1999): 15173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.60.15173.

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13

Antropova, T. V., S. V. Stolyar, I. N. Anfimova, and M. A. Girsova. "Effect of P2O5 Impurities and Fluoride Ions on The Rheological Properties of Porous Glasses and Bismuth-Containing Composites Based on Them." Glass Physics and Chemistry 47, no. 4 (July 2021): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1087659621040040.

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Abstract The results of a study of the rheological properties (shrinkage on heating, viscosity) of porous glasses (PGs) obtained as a result of through acid leaching of two-phase sodium borosilicate glass doped with small additives of P2O5 and fluoride ions, as well as bismuth-containing PGs and quartzoid glasses based on them, depending on the temperature of the heat treatment of the PG and in comparison with the characteristics of the samples obtained from sodium borosilicate glass without additives, are presented. It is found that doping glass with the indicated impurities leads to a decrease in the thermal resistance of the obtained PGs and bismuth-containing PGs. The introduction of bismuth nitrate into PG in the case of the low-temperature treatment (at 120°C) lowers the temperature for the same viscosity values of quartzoid glasses by 15–20°C, in contrast to samples without additives, as well as from higher-temperature treatment (at 650°C) PGs with additives.

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14

Stevic, Smiljka, Radoslav Aleksic, and Nevnka Backovi. "Influence of Fluorine on Thermal Properties of Fluorophosphate Glasses." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 70, no. 10 (October 1987): C—264—C—265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1987.tb04894.x.

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15

Stević, Smiljka, and Radoslav Aleksić. "The influence of fluorine upon the thermal and mechanical properties of fluorophosphate glasses." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 29, no. 1-2 (August 1985): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(00)83307-2.

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16

Kim, So Young, June Park, Seon Hoon Kim, Linganna Kadathala, Jong Hyeob Baek, Jin Hyeok Kim, and Ju Hyeon Choi. "The Tuning Capability of CuO and Na2CO3 Dopant on Physical Properties for Laser Sealing Using Fiber Types of Sealant." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010353.

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PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (PSAB)-based glasses were prepared in order to determine the feasibility for laser sealing in the form of fiber. To reach a high quality of laser sealing, the tuning capability of CuO and Na2CO3 dopant concentration was examined on thermal, thermo-mechanical, and optical properties of glasses. The difference of thermal expansion coefficient was reduced with codoping of 1 wt% CuO-2 wt% Na2CO3 into the PSAB glass system, and it amounted to 0.34 × 10−6/K. The codoped PSAB glass system reached 100% absorption at 810 nm, which corresponds to the wavelength of laser. The glass fiber with a diameter of 180 μm was successfully pulled from the codoped PSAB glass system. The fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate using the glass fiber was successfully sealed. It presented a crack-free sealed surface with a sealing strength of about 41 MPa. These results indicate that the PSAB-based glass system in the form of fiber is proved as a laser sealing material in packaging systems.

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17

Setina, Janina, and V. Akishins. "Amorphous Compositions for Production of Thick Films." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1111.

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The article gives an overview of suitability of three kinds of phosphorus-containing glass systems: phosphate, alumosilicate phosphate and fluorophosphate for production of thick-films. Amorphous compositions based on metaphosphate glasses characterize high electric resistivity, thermal expansion coefficients matching with substrate, appropriate viscosity-temperature relationship, and suitable chemical reactivity, that they can be applied in thick-film technology for screen printed resistors on alumina substrate as an alternative of lead borosilicate glasses. Alumosilicate phosphate glasses are the base for the wide range of glass-crystalline high temperature materials (operating up to 10000C) for sealing of the silicon chip in microelectronics. Perfect adhesion of glass ceramics with substrate (the transition zone 5-7.5 μm) is provided by the formation of chemical bond with the oxidized surface of silicon and by the occurrence of analogous structural elements on the silicon surface and in the glass-ceramics. Due to the unique optical properties, low melting temperature of fluorine containing borophosphate glasses (FBP) can be used as brazing material (optical glue) for SiO2 glass optical fiber construction knots.

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18

Wang, Yujie, Shuangbao Wang, Saifu Deng, Jianting Liu, and Jiahui Zhang. "Effect of the addition of MgF2 and NaF on the thermal, optical and magnetic properties of fluoride glasses for sensing applications." Optical Materials 72 (October 2017): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2017.06.001.

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19

Ragiń, T., A. Baranowska, M. Sołtys, A. Górny, J. Zmojda, M. Kochanowicz, P. Mikulski, R. Jadach, and D. Dorosz. "Up-conversion luminescence in low phonon heavy metal oxide glass co-doped with Er3+/Ho3+." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i1.802.

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In this paper, heavy metal oxide glasses co-doped with erbium and holmium ions have been synthesized. Glass composition, based on the bismuth and germanium oxides, has been selected in terms of high thermal stability (delta T = 125 °C), high refractive index (n = 2.19) and low maximum phonon energy (hvmax = 724 cm-1). Up-conversion luminescence spectra under the 980 nm laser diode excitation have been observed as a result of radiative transitions within the quantum energy level structures of Er3+ and Ho3+ ions. Optimization of rare earth ions content has been conducted, the highest emission intensity in the visible wavelength range has been observed in glass co-doped with molar concentration 0.5 Er2O3 / 0.5 Ho2O3. Full Text: PDF ReferencesF. Zhang, Z. Bi, A. Huang, Z. Xiao, "Visible luminescence properties of Er3+?Pr3+ codoped fluorotellurite glasses", Opt. Materials 41, 112 (2014). CrossRef S. Li, S. Ye, T. Liu, H. Wang, D. Wang, "Enhanced up-conversion emissions in ZnO-LiYbO2:RE3+ (RE = Er or Ho) hybrid phosphors through surface modification", J. All. Comp. 658, 85 (2016). CrossRef J. Fu, X. Zhang, Z. Chao, Z. Li, J. Liao, D. Hou, H. Wen, X. Lu, X. Xie, "Enhanced upconversion luminescence of NaYF4:Yb, Er microprisms via La3+ doping", Opt. Laser Tech. 88, 280 (2017). CrossRef Y. Tian, R. Xu, L. Hu, J. Zhang, "2.7 ?m fluorescence radiative dynamics and energy transfer between Er3+ and Tm3+ ions in fluoride glass under 800 nm and 980 nm excitation", J. Quant. Spec. Rad. Tra. 113, 87 (2012). CrossRef M. Zhang, A. Yang, Y. Peng, B. Zhang, H. Ren, W. Guo, Y. Yang, C. Zhai, Y. Wang, Z. Yang, D. Tang, "Dy3+-doped Ga?Sb?S chalcogenide glasses for mid-infrared lasers", Mat. Res. Bul. 70, 55 (2015). CrossRef G. Yang, T. Li, "Broadband 1.53 ?m emission in Er3+-doped Ga-Bi-Pb-Ge heavy metal oxide glasses", J. Rare Earths 26, 924 (2008). CrossRef Y. Guo, Y. Tian, L. Zhang, L. Hu, J. Zhang, "Erbium doped heavy metal oxide glasses for mid-infrared laser materials", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 377, 119 (2013). CrossRef Z. Hou, Z. Xue, F. Li, M. Wang, X. Hu, S. Wang, "Luminescence and up-conversion mechanism of Er3+/Ho3+ co-doped oxyfluoride tellurite glasses and glass?ceramics", J. All. Comp. 577, 523 (2013). CrossRef X. Li, Q. Nie, S. Dai, T. Xu, L. Lu, X. Zhang, "Energy transfer and frequency upconversion in Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped bismuth-germanate glasses", J. All. Comp. 454, 510 (2008). CrossRef S.S. Rojas, J.E. De Souza, M.R.B. Andreeta, A.C. Hernandes, "Influence of ceria addition on thermal properties and local structure of bismuth germanate glasses", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 356, 2942 (2010). CrossRef M.S. Ebrahim, Irina, Mid-infrared coherent sources and applications, Springer (2008). CrossRef T. Ragin, J. Zmojda, M. Kochanowicz, P. Miluski, P. Jelen, M. Sitarz, D. Dorosz, "Enhanced mid-infrared 2.7 ?m luminescence in low hydroxide bismuth-germanate glass and optical fiber co-doped with Er3 +/Yb3 + ions", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 457, 169 (2017). CrossRef K. Biswas, A.D. Sontakke, R. Sen, K. Annapurna, "Enhanced 2 ?m broad-band emission and NIR to visible frequency up-conversion from Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped Bi2O3?GeO2?ZnO glasses", Spectr. Acta. Part A, Mol. Biomol. Spectr. 112, 301-308 (2013). CrossRef R.S. Romaniuk, D. Dorosz, J. Żmojda, M. Kochanowicz, W. Mazerski, "Upconversion luminescence in tellurite glass codoped with Yb3+/Ho3+ ions", Proc. of SPIE 8903, 890307 (2013). CrossRef

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20

Santos Barbosa, Juliana, Gislene Batista, Sylvain Danto, Evelyne Fargin, Thierry Cardinal, Gael Poirier, and Fabia Castro Cassanjes. "Transparent Glasses and Glass-Ceramics in the Ternary System TeO2-Nb2O5-PbF2." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020317.

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Transparent fluorotellurite glasses were prepared by melt-quenching in the ternary system TeO2-Nb2O5-PbF2. The synthesis conditions were adjusted to minimize fluorine loss monitored as HF release. It was found that 10 mol% of Nb2O5 is the optimum content for PbF2 incorporation up to 35 mol% in the tellurite matrix without loss of glass forming ability. Such glass compositions exhibit a wide optical window from 380 nm to about 6 μm. Crystallization properties were carefully investigated by thermal analysis and compositions with higher PbF2 contents exhibit preferential precipitation of lead oxyfluoride Pb2OF2 at lower temperatures. The lead oxyfluoride crystallization mechanism is also governed by a volume nucleation, barely reported in tellurite glasses. Eu3+ doping of these glass compositions also promotes a more efficient nucleation step under suitable heat-treatments, resulting in transparent Eu3+-doped glass-ceramics whereas undoped glass-ceramics are translucent. Finally, Eu3+ spectroscopy pointed out a progressive, more symmetric surrounding around the rare earth ions with increasing PbF2 contents as well as higher quantum efficiencies. These new fluorotellurite glass compositions are promising as luminescent hosts working in the middle infrared.

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21

Santos Barbosa, Juliana, Gislene Batista, Sylvain Danto, Evelyne Fargin, Thierry Cardinal, Gael Poirier, and Fabia Castro Cassanjes. "Transparent Glasses and Glass-Ceramics in the Ternary System TeO2-Nb2O5-PbF2." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020317.

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Transparent fluorotellurite glasses were prepared by melt-quenching in the ternary system TeO2-Nb2O5-PbF2. The synthesis conditions were adjusted to minimize fluorine loss monitored as HF release. It was found that 10 mol% of Nb2O5 is the optimum content for PbF2 incorporation up to 35 mol% in the tellurite matrix without loss of glass forming ability. Such glass compositions exhibit a wide optical window from 380 nm to about 6 μm. Crystallization properties were carefully investigated by thermal analysis and compositions with higher PbF2 contents exhibit preferential precipitation of lead oxyfluoride Pb2OF2 at lower temperatures. The lead oxyfluoride crystallization mechanism is also governed by a volume nucleation, barely reported in tellurite glasses. Eu3+ doping of these glass compositions also promotes a more efficient nucleation step under suitable heat-treatments, resulting in transparent Eu3+-doped glass-ceramics whereas undoped glass-ceramics are translucent. Finally, Eu3+ spectroscopy pointed out a progressive, more symmetric surrounding around the rare earth ions with increasing PbF2 contents as well as higher quantum efficiencies. These new fluorotellurite glass compositions are promising as luminescent hosts working in the middle infrared.

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22

Secu, Mihail, Corina Secu, and Cristina Bartha. "Optical Properties of Transparent Rare-Earth Doped Sol-Gel Derived Nano-Glass Ceramics." Materials 14, no. 22 (November 14, 2021): 6871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14226871.

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Rare-earth doped oxyfluoride glass ceramics represent a new generation of tailorable optical materials with high potential for optical-related applications such as optical amplifiers, optical waveguides, and white LEDs. Their key features are related to the high transparency and remarkable luminescence properties, while keeping the thermal and chemical advantages of oxide glasses. Sol-gel chemistry offers a flexible synthesis approach with several advantages, such as lower processing temperature, the ability to control the purity and homogeneity of the final materials on a molecular level, and the large compositional flexibility. The review will be focused on optical properties of sol-gel derived nano-glass ceramics related to the RE-doped luminescent nanocrystals (fluorides, chlorides, oxychlorides, etc.) such as photoluminescence, up-conversion luminescence, thermoluminescence and how these properties are influenced by their specific processing, mostly focusing on the findings from our group and similar ones in the literature, along with a discussion of perspectives, potential challenges, and future development directions.

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23

Cimek, Jarosław, Xavier Forestier, Ryszard Stepien, Mariusz Klimczak, and Ryszard Buczynski. "Synthesis conditions of ZBLAN glass for mid-infrared optical components." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i1.804.

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We report on successful synthesis of ZBLAN glass. Different purity of zirconium tetrafluoride used for synthesis and fluorinating agents were analyzed to obtain high optical quality glass. Among fluorinating agents we used ammonium bifluoride, xenon difluoride and sulfur hexafluoride. The best results in form of synthetized glasses have transmission window extending from 0.2 to 8.0 um, which allows to fabricate fibers for mid-infrared applications. Full Text: PDF ReferencesR. Stępień, J. Cimek, D. Pysz, I. Kujawa, M. Klimczak, and R. Buczyński, Soft glasses for photonic crystal fibers and microstructured optical components, Opt. Eng. 53, 071815 (2014). CrossRef D. Pysz, I. Kujawa, R. Stępień, M. Klimczak, A. Filipkowski, M. Franczyk, L. Kociszewski, J. Buźniak, K. Haraśny, R. Buczyński, Stack and draw fabrication of soft glass microstructured fiber optics, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci.-Tech. Sci., 62(4), 667-683 (2014). CrossRef R. Kasztelanic, I. Kujawa, R. Stępień, K. Haraśny, D. Pysz and R. Buczyński, Molding of soft glass refraction mini lens with hot embossing process for broadband infrared transmission systems, Infrared Phys. Technol. 61, 299-305 (2013). CrossRef Moynihan C.T. (1987) Crystallization Behavior of Fluorozirconate Glasses. In: Almeida R.M. (eds) Halide Glasses for Infrared Fiberoptics. NATO ASI Series (Series E: Applied Sciences), 123, Springer, Dordrecht. CrossRef M. R. Majewski, R. I. Woodward, S. D. Jackson, Dysprosium-doped ZBLAN fiber laser tunable from 2.8?m to 3.4?m, pumped at 1.7?m, Opt. Lett. 43, 971-974 (2018). CrossRef G Bharathan, R. I. Woodward, M. Ams, D. D. Hudson, S. D. Jackson, A. Fuerbach, Direct inscription of Bragg gratings into coated fluoride fibers for widely tunable and robust mid-infrared lasers, Opt. Express 25, 30013-30019 (2017). CrossRef Y. Shen, Y. Wang, H. Chen, K. Luan, M. Tao, J. Si, Wavelength-tunable passively mode-locked mid-infrared Er3+-doped ZBLAN fiber laser, Sci. Rep. 7, 14913 (2017). CrossRef J. Méndez-Ramos, P. Acosta-Mora, J. C. Ruiz-Morales, T. Hernández, M. E. Borges, P. Esparza, Heavy rare-earth-doped ZBLAN glasses for UV?blue up-conversion and white light generation, J. Lumin. 143, 479-483 (2013). CrossRef X. Jiang, N. Y. Joly, M. A. Finger, F. Babic, G. K. L. Wong, J. C. Travers, P. St. J. Russell, Deep-ultraviolet to mid-infrared supercontinuum generated in solid-core ZBLAN photonic crystal fibre, Nat. Photonics 9, 133?139 (2015). CrossRef X. Jiang, N. Y. Joly, M. A. Finger, F. Babic, M. Pang, R. Sopalla, M. H. Frosz, S. Poulain, M. Poulain, V. Cardin, J. C. Travers, P. St. J. Russell, Supercontinuum generation in ZBLAN glass photonic crystal fiber with six nanobore cores, Opt. Lett. 41, 4245-4248 (2016). CrossRef A. Medjouri, E. B. Meraghni, H. Hathroubi, D. Abed, L. M. Simohamed, O. Ziane, Design of ZBLAN photonic crystal fiber with nearly zero ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion for supercontinuum generation, Optik 135, 417?425 (2017). CrossRef D. C. Tee, N. Tamchek, C. H. Raymond Ooi, Numerical Modeling of the Fundamental Characteristics of ZBLAN Photonic Crystal Fiber for Communication in 2?3 ?m Midinfrared Region, IEEE Photon. J. 8, 4500713 (2016) . CrossRef Y. Dai, K. Takahashi, I. Yamaguchi, Thermal oxidation of fluorozirconate glass and fibres, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 12, 1648?1651 (1993). CrossRef P. Hlubina, White-light spectral interferometry with the uncompensated Michelson interferometer and the group refractive index dispersion in fused silica, Opt. Commun. 193, 1-7 (2001). CrossRef F. Gan, Optical properties of fluoride glasses: a review, J. Non Cryst. Sol. 184, 9-20 (1995). CrossRef A. Filipkowski, B. Piechal, D. Pysz, R. Stepien, A. Waddie, M. R. Taghizadeh, and R. Buczynski, Nanostructured gradient index micro axicons made by a modified stack and draw method, Opt. Lett. 40, 5200-5203 (2015). CrossRef R. Kasztelanic, A. Filipkowski, D. Pysz, R. Stepień, A. J. Waddie, M. R. Taghizadeh, and R. Buczynski, High resolution Shack-Hartmann sensor based on array of nanostructured GRIN lenses, Opt. Express 25, 1680-1691 (2017). CrossRef

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24

Bruce, Allan J. "Thermal Analysis of Fluoride Glasses." Materials Science Forum 5-6 (January 1985): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.5-6.193.

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25

Takahashi, Shiro. "Optical properties of fluoride glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 95-96 (December 1987): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(87)80102-3.

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26

Dupas, C. "Magnetic Properties of Fluoride Glasses." Materials Science Forum 5-6 (January 1985): 731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.5-6.731.

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27

Ravaine, D. "Electrical Properties of Fluoride Glasses." Materials Science Forum 5-6 (January 1985): 761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.5-6.761.

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28

Jewell, John M., and Ishwar D. Aggarwal. "Thermal lensing in heavy metal fluoride glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 142 (January 1992): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(05)80032-8.

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29

Trnovcová, Viera, R. M. Zakalyukin, N. I. Sorokin, D. Ležal, P. P. Fedorov, Emília Illeková, Andrej Škubla, and M. Kadlečíková. "Physical Properties of Fluoride Glasses for Ionics." Materials Science Forum 480-481 (March 2005): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.480-481.299.

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The ionic conductivity and permittivity of glasses based on ZrF4, BaF2, LaF3, AlF3 and NaF (ZBLAN) or PbF2, InF3, BaF2, AlF3 and LaF3 (PIBAL) are studied. The influence of the glass composition on the glass transition temperature (Tg) and on the crystallization temperature (Tx) is reported. For all ZBLAN glasses the temperature dependencies of the ionic conductivity are close one to another (s500 = 8(2)·10-6 S/cm) and their conduction activation enthalpies are equal to 0.82(1)eV. From the point of view of the ionic conductivity, the best glass compositions are the PIBAL50 (50 m/o PbF2) and PIB45 ( 45 m/o PbF2).

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30

Tesar, A. A. "Nonradiative properties of Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 46, no. 5 (November 1991): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(91)90044-q.

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31

Gan, Fuxi. "Optical properties of fluoride glasses: a review." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 184 (May 1995): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(94)00592-3.

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32

Amaranath, G., S. Buddhudu, and F. J. Bryant. "Spectroscopic properties of Tb3+-doped fluoride glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 122, no. 1 (June 1990): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(90)90226-c.

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33

Kozak, M. M., D. Goebel, R. Caspary, and W. Kowalsky. "Spectroscopic properties of thulium-doped zirconium fluoride and indium fluoride glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 351, no. 24-26 (August 2005): 2009–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.05.008.

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34

Jóna, E., P. Šimon, K. Nemčeková, V. Pavlík, G. Rudinská, and E. Rudinská. "Thermal properties of oxide glasses." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 84, no. 3 (May 2006): 673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-7548-0.

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35

Šimon, P., E. Jóna, and V. Pavlík. "Thermal properties of oxide glasses." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 94, no. 2 (November 2008): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-008-9148-2.

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36

Lendvayová, S., K. Moricová, E. Jóna, J. Kraxner, M. Loduhová, V. Pavlík, J. Pagáčová, and S. C. Mojumdar. "Thermal properties of oxide glasses." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 108, no. 3 (April 3, 2012): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2393-4.

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37

Lendvayová, S., K. Moricová, E. Jóna, S. Uherková, J. Kraxner, V. Pavlík, R. Durný, and S. C. Mojumdar. "Thermal properties of oxide glasses." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 112, no. 2 (March 20, 2013): 1133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3105-4.

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38

Amaranath, G., S. Buddhudu, F. J. Bryant, Luo Xi, B. Yu, and S. Huang. "Spectroscopic properties of pr3+-doped multicomponent fluoride glasses." Materials Research Bulletin 25, no. 10 (October 1990): 1317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(90)90091-f.

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39

Illarramendi, M. A., R. Balda, and J. Fernández. "Optical properties of chromium (III) in fluoride glasses." Journal of Luminescence 48-49 (January 1991): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(91)90197-4.

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40

Lebullenger, R., L. A. O. Nunes, and A. C. Hernandes. "Properties of glasses from fluoride to phosphate composition." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 284, no. 1-3 (May 2001): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(01)00379-9.

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41

Nasu, H., D. P. Yamato, J. Heo, and John D. Mackenzie. "Preparation and Properties of Non-Fluoride Halide Glasses." Materials Science Forum 5-6 (January 1985): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.5-6.121.

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42

Alcalá, Rafael, and Rafael Cases. "Optical properties of Pr3⊕ ions in fluoride glasses." Advanced Materials 7, no. 2 (February 1995): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19950070220.

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43

Buddhudu, S., and F. J. Bryant. "Optical properties of Ho3+: Alkali mixed fluoride glasses." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy 44, no. 12 (January 1988): 1381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0584-8539(88)80186-7.

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44

Risbud, Subhash H., and Wallace L. Vaughn. "Thermal Stability and Crystallization of Nitrogen Containing ZBYA Fluoride Glasses." Materials Science Forum 19-20 (January 1987): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.19-20.515.

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45

Shelby, James E., and Christine E. Lord. "Formation and Properties of Calcia-Calcium Fluoride-Alumina Glasses." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 73, no. 3 (March 1990): 750–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06586.x.

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46

Brekhovskikh, M. N., S. Kh Batygov, L. V. Moiseeva, L. I. Demina, I. A. Zhidkova, S. P. Solodovnikov, and V. A. Fedorov. "Optical properties of europium-activated hafnium fluoride-based glasses." Inorganic Materials 52, no. 10 (September 16, 2016): 1031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020168516100058.

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47

Takashima, Masayuki, Susumu Yonezawa, Tomoo Tokuno, Hidekazu Umehara, and Takehisa Kato. "Synthesis and properties of neodymium containing oxide fluoride glasses." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 112, no. 2 (December 2001): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(01)00518-8.

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Hernández, J., R. Balda, and M. A. Arriandiaga. "Spectroscopic and laser properties of Nd3+ in fluoride glasses." Optical Materials 4, no. 1 (December 1994): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-3467(94)90062-0.

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49

Amaranath, G., S. Buddhudu, F. J. Bryant, Luo Xi, B. Yu, and S. Huang. "Spectroscopic properties of Nd3+ -doped heavy metal fluoride glasses." Journal of Luminescence 47, no. 5 (February 1991): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(91)90018-q.

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Ronchin, S., R. Rolli, M. Montagna, C. Duverger, V. Tikhomirov, A. Jha, M. Ferrari, G. C. Righini, S. Pelli, and M. Fossi. "Erbium-activated aluminum fluoride glasses: optical and spectroscopic properties." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 284, no. 1-3 (May 2001): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(01)00409-4.

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