Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fluidizing

Academic literature on the topic 'Fluidizing'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fluidizing"

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Yamada, Jun, Yasuo Kurosaki, and Takanori Nagai. "Radiation Heat Transfer Between Fluidizing Particles and a Heat Transfer Surface in a Fluidized Bed." Journal of Heat Transfer 123, no. 3 (January 8, 2001): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1370503.

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We have investigated the radiation heat transfer occurring in a gas-solid fluidized bed between fluidizing particles and a cooled heat transfer surface. Experimental results reveal that cooled fluidizing particles exist near the surface and suppress the radiation heat transfer between the surface and the higher temperature particles in the depth of the bed. The results also clarify the effects of fluidizing velocity, optical characteristics of particles, and particle diameter on the radiation heat transfer. Based on these results, the authors propose a model for predicting the radiation heat transfer between fluidizing particles and a heat transfer surface.
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Jeong, Y., B. G. Park, and J. S. Chung. "High Performance Biofilm Process for Treating Wastewater Discharged from Coal Refining Plants Containing Nitrogen, Cyanide and Thiocyanate." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2005): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0709.

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Wastewater discharge from coal refining plants contains a number of biologically toxic compounds; 2000–2500mg/l of COD of which 40% is composed of phenol, 100–400mg/l of thiocyanate, 10–40mg/l of cyanide, 100–250mg/l of NH4+-N and 150–300mg/l of total nitrogen. In order to treat this kind of high strength wastewater, we have developed a high performance biofilm process using fluidizing bio-carriers of the tube chip type. The fluidizing biofilm carriers are made of a composite of polyethylene and several inorganic materials, whose density is controlled at 0.97–0.98g/ml. The fluidizing biofilm carriers show sound fluidization characteristics inside bioreactors. The wastewater is treated using three consecutive series reactors in oxic–anoxic–oxic arrangement. Each reactor is charged with the fluidizing biofilm carriers of 50 vol%. Furthermore, newly cultured active microorganisms for the thiocyanate biodegradation are added in the biofilm process. At total hydraulic retention time of 2.2 days, this process can achieve steady state removal efficiencies: COD, 99%; thiocyanate, 99%; NH4+-N, 99% and total nitrogen, 90%.
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Friedman, J., P. Koundakjian, D. Naylor, and D. Rosero. "Heat Transfer to Small Horizontal Cylinders Immersed in a Fluidized Bed." Journal of Heat Transfer 128, no. 10 (March 22, 2006): 984–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2345425.

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Heat transfer to horizontal cylinders immersed in fluidized beds has been extensively studied, but mainly in the context of heat transfer to boiler tubes in coal-fired beds. As a result, most correlations in the literature have been derived for cylinders of 25-50mm diameter in vigorously fluidizing beds. In recent years, fluidized bed heat treating furnaces fired by natural gas have become increasingly popular, particularly in the steel wire manufacturing industry. These fluidized beds typically operate at relatively low fluidizing rates (G∕Gmf<5) and with small diameter wires (1-6mm). Nusselt number correlations developed based on boiler tube studies do not extrapolate down to these small size ranges and low fluidizing rates. In order to obtain reliable Nusselt number data for these size ranges, an experimental investigation has been undertaken using two heat treating fluidized beds; one a pilot-scale industrial unit and the other a lab-scale (300mm diameter) unit. Heat transfer measurements were obtained using resistively heated cylindrical samples ranging from 1.3 to 9.5mm in diameter at fluidizing rates ranging from approximately 0.5×Gmf (packed bed condition) to over 10×Gmf using aluminum oxide sand particles ranging from dp=145-330μm (50–90 grit). It has been found that for all cylinder sizes tested, the Nusselt number reaches a maximum near 2×Gmf, then remains relatively steady (±5-10%) to the maximum fluidizing rate tested, typically 8-12×Gmf. A correlation for maximum Nusselt number is developed.
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Annamalai, Kalyan, Miguel Ruiz, Nhat Vo, and Vadakkath Anand. "Locally fluidizing feeder for powder transport." Powder Technology 73, no. 2 (December 1992): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-5910(92)80079-c.

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PAN, T. W., D. D. JOSEPH, R. BAI, R. GLOWINSKI, and V. SARIN. "Fluidization of 1204 spheres: simulation and experiment." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 451 (January 25, 2002): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001006474.

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In this paper we study the fluidization of 1204 spheres at Reynolds numbers in the thousands using the method of distributed Lagrange multipliers. The results of the simulation are compared with an experiment. This is the first direct numerical simulation of a fluidized bed at the finite Reynolds numbers encountered in applications. The simulations are processed to give straight lines in log–log plots leading to power laws as in the celebrated experimental correlations of Richardson & Zaki (1954). The numerical method allows the first direct calculation of the slip velocity and other averaged values used in two-fluid continuum models. The computation and the experiment show that a single particle may be in balance with respect to weight and drag for an interval of fluidizing velocities; the expectation that the fluidizing velocity is unique is not realized. The numerical method reveals that the dynamic pressure decreases slowly with the fluidizing velocity. Tentative interpretations of these new results are discussed.
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Wu, Xing, Yaxiang Li, Xiefei Zhu, Lingrui Huang, and Xifeng Zhu. "Experimental study on fluidization behaviors of walnut shell in a fluidized bed assisted by sand particles." RSC Advances 8, no. 70 (2018): 40279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07959e.

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Aronsson, Jesper, David Pallarès, Magnus Rydén, and Anders Lyngfelt. "Increasing Gas–Solids Mass Transfer in Fluidized Beds by Application of Confined Fluidization—A Feasibility Study." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 14, 2019): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040634.

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Fluidized bed applications where the bed material plays an active role in chemical reactions, e.g. chemical looping combustion, have seen an increase in interest over the past decade. When these processes are to be scaled up to industrial or utility scale mass transfer between the gas and solids phases can become a limitation for conversion. Confined fluidized beds were conceptualized for other purposes in the 1960’s but are yet to be applied to these recent technologies. Here it is investigated if they can prove useful to increase mass transfer but also if they are feasible from other perspectives such as pressure drop increase and solids throughflow. Four spherical packing solids, 6.35–25.4 mm in diameter at two different densities, were tested. For mass transfer experiments the fluidizing air was humidified and the water adsorption rate onto silica gel particles acting as fluidizing solids was measured. Olivine sand was used in further experiments measuring segregation of solids and packing, and maximum vertical crossflow of solids. It was found that mass transfer increased by a factor of 1.9–3.8 with packing solids as compared to a non-packed reference. With high-density packing, fluidizing solids voidage inside the packing was found to be up to 58% higher than in a conventional fluidized bed. Low density packing material favoured its flotsam segregation and with it higher fluidization velocities yield better mixing between packing and fluidizing solids. Maximum vertical cross-flow was found to be significantly higher with low density packing that fluidized, than with stationary high-density packing. Conclusively, the prospect of using confined fluidized beds for improving mass transfer looks promising from both performance and practical standpoints.
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Karlicic, Nikola, Aleksandar Jovovic, Dejan Radic, Marko Obradovic, Dusan Todorovic, and Miroslav Stanojevic. "The Effect of Permeability on Lignite Fly Ash Pneumatic Conveying System Design." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.2.6103.

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The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of permeability on the mode of flow that lignite fly ash will support in a pneumatic conveying pipeline. This research was initiated by recurring problems with the long distance and high capacity low grade lignite ash pneumatic conveying system at the 1200 MWe thermal power plant, such as clogging, unsteady flow mode, significant increase of velocity due to pressure drop and erosive wear of pipeline. Ash samples were taken during pneumatic conveying system clogging for further analysis. The experiment was limited to measuring parameters that provide data to determine minimum fluidizing velocity and permeability. The results showed very heterogeneous materials of group B by Geldart, what caused specific phenomenon during the experimental fluidization tests. Minimum fluidizing velocity for this kind of material is not authoritative for defining pneumatic conveying system, since extremely heterogeneous materials at this air speed will remain stationary or will convey very slow or with stoppage, and that required velocities are from 10 to 15 times higher than minimum fluidizing velocity. According to the results, this ash is the most suitable for dense phase pneumatic conveying.
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Li, Hongzhong, Rouyu Hong, and Zhaolin Wang. "Fluidizing ultrafine powders with circulating fluidized bed." Chemical Engineering Science 54, no. 22 (November 1999): 5609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(99)00293-6.

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Chyang, Chien-Song, and Yen-Chin Lin. "A Study in the Swirling Fluidizing Pattern." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 35, no. 6 (2002): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.35.503.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fluidizing"

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Jiang, Bo. "Experimental investigation of a batch, fluidizing dry forming process." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22325.pdf.

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Song, Di. "Study of Electrostatic Charging and Particle Wall Fouling in a Pilot-scale Pressurized Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed up to Turbulent Flow Regime." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36007.

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In gas-solid fluidized beds, the generation of electrostatic charges due to continuous contacts between fluidizing particles, and the particles and the fluidization vessel wall, is unavoidable. Industrial operations, such as the production of polyethylene, are susceptible to significant operational challenges caused by electrostatics including reactor wall fouling, a problem known as “sheeting”. The formation of particle sheets can require shutdown periods for clean-up which results in significant economic losses. To gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of electrostatic charging in gas-solid fluidized beds, in an attempt to eliminate or minimize this problem, a pilot-scale pressurized gas-solid fluidization system was designed and built, housing an online electrostatic charge measurement technique consisting of two Faraday cups. The system permits the study of the degree of particle wall fouling at pressures and temperatures up to 2600 kPa and 100°C, respectively, and gas velocities up to 1 m/s (covering a range including turbulent flow regime). The system also allowed, for the first time, the measurement of the fluidizing particles’ mass, net charge and size distribution in various regions of the bed, especially those related to the wall coating under the industrially relevant operating conditions of high pressures and gas velocities. Experimental trials were carried out using polyethylene resin received from commercial reactors to investigate the influence of pressure and gas velocity on the bed hydrodynamics and in turn, the degree of bed electrification. Mechanisms for particle charging, migration and adherence to the column wall were proposed. The size distribution of the gas bubbles shifted towards smaller bubbles as the operating pressure was raised. Thus, higher pressures lead to greater mixing within the bulk of the bed and resulted in a higher degree of particle wall fouling. Moreover, the extent of wall fouling increased linearly with the increase in gas velocity and as the bed transitioned to turbulent regime, due to the increase in particle-wall contacts. Bipolar charging was observed especially within the wall coating with smaller particles being negatively charged. Overall, particle-wall contacts generated negatively charged particles resulting in a net negative charge in the bed, whereas particle-particle contacts generated positively and negatively charged particles resulting in no net charge when entrainment was negligible. The formation of the wall layer and its extent was influenced by the gravitational and drag forces balancing the image force and Coulomb forces (created by the net charge of the bed and the metallic column wall as the attraction between oppositely charged particles).
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Манастирний, Максим Миколайович. "Процес гранулоутворення у псевдозрідженому шарі при застосуванні механічного диспергатора." Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/23171.

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Магістерська дисертація на тему: «Процес гранулоутворення у псевдозрідженому шарі при застосуванні механічного диспергатора» / НТУУ «КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського»; Керівник Я.М. Корнієнко. – К., 2018. –с. Виконавець – М.М. Манастирний. Об’єкт дослідження: процес утворення органо-мінерально-гумінових добрив з пошаровою структурою, при зневоднені гетерогенних рідких систем із застосуванням механічного диспергатора. Предмет дослідження: кінетика процесу гранулоутворення, диспергування гетерогенних рідких систем механічним диспергатором різних конструкцій. Метою роботи є встановлення закономірностей процесу утворення органо-мінерально-гумінових добрив із заданими властивостями та розроблення ефективного обладнання. Розвинуто фізичну модель руху рідини в механічному диспергаторі конічного типу з урахуванням сил поверхневого натягу при зневодненні гетерогенних систем. Встановлено закономірність впливу конструкції диспергатора на розподілення щільності зрошення в робочому об'ємі диспергування. Експериментально визначено залежність розміру крапель від конструкції та технологічних параметрів механічного диспергатора. Експериментально визначено конфігурацію температурного поля в зоні диспергування при застосуванні механічного диспергатора конічного типу. Сформульовано базові принципи конструкції камери гранулятора із застосуванням системи введення рідкої фази через механічні диспергатори. Розроблено конструкцію конічного двокамерного механічного диспергатора.
Master's thesis on the topic: «The process of granulation in a fluidized bed with the use of mechanical disperator» / National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”;Scientific advisorY. Korniyenko.– K., 2018. – . p. The performer – M. Manastyrnyi. The object of the research: the process of formatting an organic-mineral-humic fertilizers with a layered structure with dehydration of heterogeneous liquid systems with the use of mechanical disperator. The subject of the research: kinetics of the granulation process, dispergation of heterogeneous liquid systems by a mechanical disperser of various constructions. The aim of the work is to establish the regularities of an organic-mineral-humic fertilizers formation process with the given properties and development of efficient equipment. The physical model of fluid motion in mechanical cone-type disperator with taking into account the surface tension forces in process of heterogeneous systems dehydration is developed. The regularity of disperator's design influence on distribution of an irrigation density in the working volume of the dispergation is established. The dependence of the droplets size from the mechanical disperator's design and technological parameters is experimentally determined. The temperature field configuration in the dispergation zone with the use of mechanical conical-type disperator is experimentally determined. The basic principles of the granulator's chamber design with the use of liquid phase injection system through mechanical dispersants are formulated. The design of a conical two-chamber mechanical dispersant is developed.
Магистерская диссертация на тему: «Процесс гранулообразования в псевдоожиженном слое при применении механического диспергатора» / НТУУ «КПИ им. Игоря Сикорского»; Руководитель Я.Н. Корниенко. – К., 2018. – с.Исполнитель – М.Н. Манастырный. Объект исследования: процесс образования органо-минерально-гуминовых удобрений с послойной структурой, при обезвоженные гетерогенных жидких систем с применением механического диспергатора. Предмет исследования: кинетика процесса гранулообразования, диспергирования гетерогенных жидких систем механическими диспергаторами различных конструкций. Целью работы является установление закономерностей процесса образования органо-минерально-гуминовых удобрений с заданными свойствами и разработка эффективного оборудования. Развито физическую модель движения жидкости в механическом диспергаторе конического типа с учетом сил поверхностного натяжения при обезвоживании гетерогенных систем. Установлена закономерность влияния конструкции диспергатора на распределения плотности орошения в рабочем объеме диспергирования. Экспериментально определена зависимость размера капель от конструкции и технологических параметров механического диспергатора. Экспериментально определено конфигурацию температурного поля в зоне диспергирования при применении механического диспергатора конического типа. Сформулированы базовые принципы конструкции камеры гранулятора с применением системы ввода жидкой фазы через механические диспергаторы. Разработана конструкция конического двухкамерного механического диспергатора.
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Le, Dirach Jocelyn. "Contribution à l'industrialisation d'un procédé de gazéification." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL024N.

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La diversification des sources d’énergies s’appuyant sur les énergies renouvelables doit contribuer à réduire la part des énergies fossiles dans la production d’électricité, en accord avec les directives européennes qui prévoient, pour la France de produire 21% de notre énergie à partir d’EnR en 2010.Les travaux rapportés dans ce mémoire s’attachent à l’industrialisation d’un procédé de gazéification de bois en vue de la production de chaleur et d’électricité. Des expériences de pyrolyse rapide de bois ont été menées sous diverses conditions expérimentales (densité de flux entre 0.9 et 6.3 MW/m², humidité entre 0 et 60%) pour comprendre et analyser les phénomènes fondamentaux impliqués lors de la gazéification du bois. Les divers produits (char, vapeurs et gaz) sont récupérés et analysés. Les résultats permettent de déterminer les rendements en chacun des produits pour différentes conditions expérimentales.La modélisation numérique du phénomène de pyrolyse du bois a ainsi été réalisée en se basant sur les données cinétiques fournies par la littérature puis comparée aux résultats expérimentaux. Même s’il n’y a pas concordance parfaite, les ordres de grandeur sont respectés. Ces modèles servent de base à la modélisation d’un réacteur de gazéification basé sur le réacteur DFB de Güssing incorporant la description hydrodynamique, la pyrolyse du bois, la gazéification du char et les réactions des vapeurs et des gaz. Ce modèle permet ainsi de déterminer l’efficacité du réacteur et ses différents paramètres opératoires.Mots clés : bois, pyrolyse, gazéification, processus élémentaires, modélisation, Güssing, énergies renouvelables, lit fluidisé circulant, génie des procédés
Diversification of energy sources based on renewable energies must contribute to reduce the share of fossil fuels in power generation, in agreement with the European directives which impose to France to generate 21% of its energy from renewable energies before 2010.The present work reported in this manuscript focus on the industrialization of a wood gasification process for the production of heat and electricity. Experiments of wood fast pyrolysis were performed under various experimental conditions (flux density between 0.9 and 6.3 MW/m2, moisture between 0 and 60%) for understanding and analysis of fundamental phenomena related to the gasification of wood. The various products (char, condensible vapours and gases) are recovered and analyzed. The results help to determine the yields of each of the products for various experimental conditions.The numerical modeling of wood pyrolysis phenomena has been achieved on the basis of kinetic data found through literature review and then compared to the experimental results. Even if there is no perfect agreement, orders of magnitude are respected. These models are used as a basis to develop a gasification reactor model for Güssing DFB reactor, including the hydrodynamics description, wood pyrolysis, char gasification, vapours and gases reactions. This model is used to determine the efficiency of the reactor and its various operating parameters
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Chiu, Hui-Ching, and 邱惠靖. "The Assessment Model of Fluidizing Landslide Slope in the Catchment." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20459744171178525013.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
水土保持系所
103
The assessment model of fluidizing landslide was developed in this study since the debris flow was frequently related to the fluidized landslides from gullies or slopes in the catchment. Three debris flow streams which occurred in Typhoon Morakot in Kaoping river basin were studied to develop the assessment model. The process of the analysis unit delineation has established based on the micro topography through the tool of GIS, aero photos, the DEM of morphology, and the field verification. The criterion, the basin area larger than 1.5 hectares with the same outlet of a zero-order basin or slope, was applied to the delineation of analysis unit. A total of 198 analysis units were achieved from three debris flow catchments. Eight factors, including A,B, and C, of discriminant model on fluidizing landslide developed by Yang (2014) was selected in this study. Assessed by discriminant model, three catchments have achieved with 50 potential fluidizing landslide units and 148 slope units. Verified with the 21 real fluidized landslide and 40 general landslide events occurred within three catchments in Typhoon Maroka, the good match rate of 82% was achieved. Three verification catchment, one debris flow event and two no debris flow events, have been also conducted through the same delineation procedure to explore the relationship between the among of potential fluidizing landslides to the occurrence of debris flow of a catchment. After total of 6 catchments study, 4 occurred and 2 did not occurred, found that the high occurrence probability to the catchment as the area ratio of potential fluidizing landslide larger than 30%.
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Wu, Wen-sheng, and 吳文聖. "Mineralizing Carbonate by Reacting with Basic Oxygen Furnace Slags via Fluidizing Crystallization Processes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33858279342857282941.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程研究所
100
This study aims to develop a mineralization process for removing carbonate (CO3-2) from the water in a fluidized bed reactor by reacting with alkaline earth metallic ions. The alkaline ions came from wasted basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag generated from practical metallic industries. In the investigation, for achieving suitable environmental conditions for carbonate precipitation and crystallization process taking place, the metastable zones for calcium carbonate and magnesium reacting with carbonate were also determined. The experimental results indicate that the pH level of solution can reach as high as 12 while BOF slag added to the water. After being analyzed with ICP, both calcium and magnesium were two major metallic ions that would be released from BOF slag and the releasing rates were enhanced by reducing solution pH levels and BOF slag particle size. The released calcium concentration was significantly increased by 6.32 times in pH= 1 solution. The experimental results also demonstrated that carbonated can be efficiently removed in the proposed fluidized-bed crystallization reaction system. Under ambient temperature and pressure for a reaction time of 40 mins, the 50 mesh BOF slag particle could remove 0.0309 g(CO2)/g(BOF) when the solid-liquid ratio was equal to 1.0 wt% and solution pH level was 12. It is estimated that ,ore than 62.7% of calcium in the proposed BOF slag could be applied to reacting with carbonate.
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黃聖芳. "The effect of turbulence of fluidizing particles on nitriding in fluidized-bed furnace." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49328666974689804829.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fluidizing"

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Katoh, Yasuo, Masahide Miyamoto, Shingo Kaneko, Hidetoshi Miike, and Kazutoshi Koga. "Image Analysis with Spatial Filtering Method for Fluidizing Particle Velocity in a Circulating Fluidized Bed." In Flow Visualization VI, 740–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84824-7_132.

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Boon, Jaap J., and Frank G. Hoogland. "Investigating Fluidizing Dripping Pink Commercial Paint on Van Hemert’s Seven-Series Works from 1990–1995." In Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, 227–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10100-2_16.

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Leion, H., A. Lyngfelt, and T. Mattisson. "Effects of Steam and CO2 in the Fluidizing Gas when Using Bituminous Coal in Chemical-Looping Combustion." In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion, 608–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02682-9_92.

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Shukrie, Ahmmad, Shahrani Anuar, and Azri Alias. "Characterization and Development of Geldart’s Fluidizing Velocity Profile of Sand Particles for the Application in Fluidized Bed Combustor (FBC)." In Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014), 147–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0534-3_14.

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"Walking and Running on Yielding and Fluidizing Ground." In Robotics. The MIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9816.003.0049.

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Kirichek, Alex, Katherine Cronin, Lynyrd de Wit, and Thijs van Kessel. "Advances in Maintenance of Ports and Waterways: Water Injection Dredging." In Sediment Transport - Recent Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98750.

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The main objective of this chapter is to demonstrate developments in port maintenance techniques that have been intensively tested in major European ports. As regular port maintenance is highly expensive, port authorities are considering alternative strategies. Water Injection Dredging (WID) can be one of the most efficient alternatives. Using this dredging method, density currents near the bed are created by fluidizing fine-grained sediments. The fluidized sediment can leave the port channels and be transported away from the waterways via the natural force of gravity. WID actions can be successfully coupled with the tidal cycle for extra effectiveness. In addition, WID is combined with another strategy to reduce maintenance dredging: the nautical bottom approach, which enables the vessel to navigate through the WID-induced fluid mud layer. The nautical bottom approach uses the density or the yield stress of sediment to indicate the navigability after WID rather than the absolute depth to the sediment bed. Testing WID-based port maintenance requires thorough preparation. Over the years modeling and monitoring tools have been developed in order to test and optimize WID operations. In this chapter, the application of the recently developed tools is discussed.
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Chan, Lung Sang, Walter Alvarez, Peter Geiser, and Enrico Tavarnelli. "Fluid-assisted brecciation of Lower Cretaceous Maiolica limestone in the Umbria-Marche Apennines: Hydrodynamical implications." In From the Guajira Desert to the Apennines, and from Mediterranean Microplates to the Mexican Killer Asteroid: Honoring the Career of Walter Alvarez. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.2557(07).

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ABSTRACT The formation of the “expansion breccia” observed in the Lower Cretaceous Maiolica limestone in the Umbria-Marches region of Italy is attributable to a fluid-assisted brecciation process that occurred during the late Miocene exhumation of the Northern Apennines. The hydrothermal fluids probably originated as brine solutions trapped in the Burano anhydrite while it was in a plastic state. The migration of the Burano from the plastic to the brittle domain during unroofing resulted in liberation and injection of over-pressured hydrothermal fluids into the overlying limestone, causing hydraulic fracturing. Mapping of breccia morphology along a 400-m transect showed structures produced by different flow regimes, with chaotic and mosaic breccia characterizing the core parts of the section and mineral-filled fractures and veins in the margins. Based on the clast size in the chaotic breccia, the estimated velocities for fluidizing the aggregates of clasts and sustaining the clasts in suspension are, respectively, 15 cm/s and 65 cm/s. Crack growth was probably the main mechanism for the fragmentation of the limestone. Explosion fracturing patterns were only sporadically observed in the breccia, indicating substantial heat loss of the over-pressured fluids during their ascent to the Earth’s surface.
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Conference papers on the topic "Fluidizing"

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Ogata, Koichiro, Tomoya Furukawa, and Yusuke Yamamoto. "Influence of Fluidizing Velocity on Fluidized Powder Conveying in a Horizontal Rectangular Channel." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-12012.

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This study experimentally investigated the high dense pneumatic conveying of glass beads in a horizontal rectangular channel using the fluidizing air. The powder used belongs to Geldart A particle, where the mean diameter is 53 μm, the particle density is 2523kg/m3 and the minimum fluidizing velocity is 4.329mm/s. The fluidized powder conveying system consists of a powder supply hopper, a horizontal rectangular channel at the side of hopper and a receiving tank. The powder was fluidized by air through the porous membrane at the bottom of hopper and horizontal channel. Then, this system could be transported the fluidized powder toward the horizontal direction. In this study, the mass of transported powder, the bed height of powder in a hopper and the supply air pressure were measured when the fluidizing velocities at the bottom of hopper and horizontal channel were changed. The mass of transported powder with the fluidizing air to the bottom of hopper multiplied rapidly when the fluidizing velocity at the bottom of horizontal channel was larger than the minimum fluidizing velocity. Therefore, the fluidizing air at the bottom of hopper and horizontal channel was important to obtain smooth powder conveying on this system. Also, the mass flow rate of powder and the solid loading ratio were estimated from the mass of transported powder against the elapsed time. As the result, the solid loading ratio has taken a one peak when the fluidizing velocity at the bottom of channel was larger than the minimum fluidizing velocity. It was found from the analyzed solid loading ratio that the high dense powder conveying was possible in this system.
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Qian, Feifei, Tingnan Zhang, chen Li, Aaron Hoover, Pierangelo Masarati, Paul Birkmeyer, Andrew Pullin, Ronald Fearing, and Dan Goldman. "Walking and running on yielding and fluidizing ground." In Robotics: Science and Systems 2012. Robotics: Science and Systems Foundation, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.15607/rss.2012.viii.044.

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Kapadia, Jaimeen, and Mark Yim. "Design and performance of nubbed fluidizing jamming grippers." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2012.6225111.

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"Fluidizing Mechanism and Application of Polycarboxlate-Based Superplasticizers." In SP-173: Fifth CANMET/ACI International Conference on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/6193.

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Ogata, Koichiro, Sumito Yamashita, and Tomoya Hirose. "Flow Characteristics on Fluidized Powder Conveying in a Horizontal Rectangular Channel." In ASME/JSME/KSME 2015 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2015-32191.

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This study experimentally examined the dense phase pneumatic conveying in a horizontal rectangular channel using the fluidizing air. The powder used is PVC belong to Geldart A particle, where the mean diameter is 151μm, the particle density is 1382kg/m3 and the minimum fluidizing velocity is 9.0mm/s. As the experimental conditions, the fluidizing velocity at the bottom of a vessel and the horizontal channel has been changed. Also, the mass of transported powder, the supply air pressure and the height of powder bed inside a vessel were measured. In the case of PVC, we confirmed the flow characteristics of the powder conveying and air pressure. Further, we found that the fluidizing air to the bottom of a vessel was required to the powder conveying of this system, and that the fluidizing velocity at the horizontal channel needs to be larger than the minimum fluidizing velocity. These results were also obtained on the previous study when two kinds of glass bead was used. The mass flow rate and solid loading ratio were estimated by the measured data of the mass of transported powder. In addition, these results were compared with the conveying characteristic of two kinds of glass beads belongs to Geldart A and B particle. As a result, the mass flow rate and solid loading ratio of PVC were smaller than that of two kinds of glass beads.
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Friedman, Jacob, Polo Koundakjian, and Dennis Rosero. "Heat Transfer to Small Cylinders Immersed in a Fluidized Bed." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78038.

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Heat transfer to horizontal cylinders immersed in fluidized beds has been extensively studied, but mainly in the context of heat transfer to boiler tubes in coal-fired beds. As a result, most correlations in the literature have been derived for cylinders of 25–50mm diameter in vigorously fluidizing beds. In recent years, fluidized bed heat treating furnaces fired by natural gas have become increasingly popular, particularly in the steel wire manufacturing industry. These fluidized beds typically operate at relatively low fluidizing rates (G/Gmf < 5) and with small diameter wires (1–6mm). Nusselt number correlations developed based on boiler tube studies do not extrapolate down to these small size ranges and low fluidizing rates. In order to obtain reliable Nusselt number data for these size ranges, an experimental investigation has been undertaken using two heat treating fluidized beds; one a pilot-scale industrial unit and the other a lab-scale (300mm diameter) unit. Heat transfer measurements were obtained using resistively heated cylindrical samples ranging from 1.3 mm to 9.5 mm in diameter at fluidizing rates ranging from approximately 0.5 × Gmf (packed bed condition) to over 10 × Gmf using aluminum oxide sand particles ranging from dp = 145–330 μm (50 to 90 grit). It has been found that for all cylinder sizes tested, the Nusselt number reaches a maximum near 2 × Gmf, then remains relatively steady (± 5–10%) to the maximum fluidizing rate tested, typically 8–12 × Gmf. A correlation for maximum Nusselt number is developed.
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Raveendran, K., A. D. U. S. Amarasinghe, W. S. Botheju, and W. A. R. Jayarathna. "Study on Bedplate Configuration for Fluidizing Orthodox Broken Type Tea." In 2019 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mercon.2019.8818811.

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Deza, Mirka, Francine Battaglia, and Theodore J. Heindel. "Modeling a Biomass Fluidizing Bed With Side Port Air Injection." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78372.

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Fluidized beds are used to gasify materials such as coal or biomass in the production of producer gas. Modeling these reactors using computational fluid dynamics is advantageous when performing parametric studies for design and scale-up. While two-dimensional simulations are easier to perform than three-dimensional simulations, they may not capture the proper physics. This paper compares two- and three-dimensional simulations with experiments for a reactor geometry with side port air injection. The side port is located within the bed region so that the injected air can help promote mixing. Of interest in this study is validating the hydrodynamics of fluidizing biomass. Two operating conditions of the fluidized bed are studied for superficial gas velocities of 1.5Umf and 3.0Umf, where Umf is the minimum fluidization velocity. The material used to represent biomass is ground walnut shell because it tends to fluidize uniformly and falls within the Geldart type B classification. The simulations are compared to experimental data of time-averaged local gas holdup values using X-ray computed tomography. Results indicate that for the conditions of this study, two-dimensional simulations overpredict the gas holdup trends when compared to the experiments. However, the three-dimensional simulations compare exceptionally well with the experiments, thus predicting the fluidization hydrodynamics, irrespective of flowrate or complexity due to the side air port. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the importance of using a three-dimensional model for bubbling fluidized beds with complex physics.
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Kotteda, V. M. Krushnarao, Anitha Kommu, Vinod Kumar, and William Spotz. "Uncertainty Quantification of a Fluidized Bed Reactor." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-4844.

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Abstract Fluidized beds are used in a wide range of applications in gasification, combustion, and process engineering. Multiphase flow in such applications involves numerous uncertain parameters. Uncertainty quantification provides uncertainty in syngas yield and efficiency of coal/biomass gasification in a power plant. Techniques such as sensitivity analysis are useful in identifying parameters that have the most influence on the quantities of interest. Also, it helps to decrease the computational cost of the uncertainty quantification and optimize the reactor. We carried out a nondeterministic analysis of flow in a biomass reactor. The flow in the reactor is simulated with National Energy Technology Laboratory’s open source multiphase fluid dynamics suite MFiX. It does not possess tools for uncertainty quantification. Therefore, we developed a C++ wrapper to integrate an uncertainty quantification toolkit developed at Sandia National Laboratory with MFiX. The wrapper exchanges uncertain input parameters and critical output parameters among Dakota and MFiX. We quantify uncertainty in key output parameters via a sampling method. In addition, sensitivity analysis is carried out for all eight uncertain input parameters namely particle-particle restitution coefficient, angle of internal friction, coefficient of friction between two-phases, velocity of the fluidizing agent at the inlet, velocity of the biomass particles at the inlet, diameter of the biomass particles, viscosity of the fluidizing agent, and the percentage of nitrogen/oxygen in the fluidizing agent.
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Kremer, Matthew J., and Savas Yavuzkurt. "The Modeling and Analysis of a Package-Scale Circulating Fluidized Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0002.

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The preliminary analysis of a package-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustor through modeling and experimentation was performed to help determine particle trajectories and carbon burnout efficiency. The CFB consisted of a primary fast fluidizing bed and two bubbling beds. The fluidized bed models found in literature and a freeboard model utilizing a commercial code, FLUENT, were used in simulations. Primary gas velocity of the fast fluidizing bed was varied between 4.9 and 12.2 m/s and gas temperatures were varied between 800 and 1200 K. For comparison with computations of hydrodynamics, a scaled down version of the combustor was run using granulated plastic particles at 300 K. The results of computations showed that the freeboard has a very complex flow with many recirculation zones that usually become larger and move away from the walls with increasing primary velocity. There was less particle movement in the experiments than in the simulations due to the differences in particle diameters, the type of particles, the gas temperature, and the scaling geometry.
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Reports on the topic "Fluidizing"

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Kirkbride, R. A. Evaluation of minimum-fluidizing velocity correlations for bed particles used in fluidized-bed calcination processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6110111.

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