Academic literature on the topic 'Fluidity of profile'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fluidity of profile"
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Wang, Dao Hong, Bing Yan Jiang, Chun Peng Chu, and Yi Shan Deng. "Effects of Geometric Characteristics on Flow Ratio of the Melt and Modifying the Checking Formula." Advanced Materials Research 102-104 (March 2010): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.102-104.465.
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The melt fluidity of the two typical plastic, including polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene(PE), are studied in the different mold with the different characteristics of channel cross section and channel profile for the fluidity test of the melt. The relationship among the flow ratio, characteristics of channel cross section and channel profile are analyzed. The modified law of the flow ratio was proposed on the basis of the experiment, and discussed in detail. The results are better based on the experiment analysis, and the checking formula of the melt flow ratio could be used to check the designed mold in production.
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Ghosh, Subhajit, Anindita Mondal, Ruma Basu, Sukhen Das, and Papiya Nandy. "Effect of Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on Liposomal Fluidity Profile." Advanced Science Focus 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asfo.2014.1085.
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Górny, Marcin. "Fluidity and Temperature Profile of Ductile Iron in Thin Sections." Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 19, no. 8 (August 2012): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1006-706x(12)60139-3.
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Wilkes, J. M., H. J. Ballard, D. T. Dryden, and B. H. Hirst. "Proton permeability and lipid dynamics of gastric and duodenal apical membrane vesicles." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 256, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): G553—G562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1989.256.3.g553.
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The passive proton permeability (Pnet) of apical membrane vesicles from rabbit parietal cells (gastric) and duodenal and renal cortical brush-border membranes (BBM) was determined by acridine orange fluorescence quenching. Values of Pnet were found to be gastric (4 x 10(-4) cm/s) less than duodenal (10(-3) cm/s) much less than renal (10(-2) cm/s). Arrhenius plots of the temperature profile of proton permeation of gastric vesicles was linear, whereas that of duodenal BBM displayed a discontinuity at 30-33 degrees C. Alcohols (octyl, benzyl, ethyl) increased Pnet in a concentration-dependent manner, with efficacy related to their oil-water partition coefficients. In a parallel series of experiments, structural parameters of the vesicle membrane lipids (fluidity) were monitored from both the steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy of diphenylhexatriene. Fluidity of the membranes was unrelated to Pnet (renal congruent to duodenal less than gastric). Gastric vesicles demonstrated a linear Arrhenius plot of temperature dependence for fluidity, whereas duodenal BBM demonstrated a discontinuity. Membrane fluidity of gastric and duodenal vesicles was increased by alcohols, with the same potency as for Pnet, and these two variables were significantly correlated after perturbation with alcohols. Thus the fluidity of the lipid bilayer is not the major determinant of Pnet, but alteration of its structural parameters, as reflected by fluidity, produces parallel changes in Pnet.
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Joël, Ngoumen Ngassa Dany, Ngondi Judith Laure, and Oben Julius Enyong. "Effect of Autranellacongolensis on Lipid Profile of Rats’ Brain with Experimentally Induced Alzheimer’s Disease." Journal of Food Research 9, no. 4 (July 15, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v9n4p60.
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Lipids are essentials components of the brain. Changes in brain lipid composition affect the physical and functional properties of the neuronal cell membrane and have been implicated in the physiopathology of Alzheimer disease (AD). We evaluated in this study the effect of hydroethanolicbark extract of A. Congolensis on lipid profile of rats’ brain with experimentally induced AD. The experimental model consisted of female rats, which received orally for 8 consecutive weeks a single dose of 50 mg/Kg b.w./day of aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) (except control group) followed by distilled water (disease control group) or doses of the extract (150 or 300 mg/Kg b.w./day) or vitamin E (100 mg/Kg b.w./day) or galanthamine (2 mg/Kg b.w. /day). Brain cholesterol, phospholipids and plasmalogenlevels and fluidity were evaluated. Brain membranes ATPase activities, Ca2+, Mg2+and glucose levels were also assayed. Significant modifications of brain lipid composition and fluidity were observed in disease control group compared with control. In addition, Na+, K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities significantly decreased, the level of intracellular Ca2+ increased, Mg2+ content decreased and brain glucose level was significantly higher. Standard drugs (vitamin E,galanthamine) showed a negative effect on brain lipid profile. The extract of 150 mg showed significant improvements of brain lipid profile and fluidity. It also indicated improved brain ATPase activities, ions and glucose brain homeostasis. The extract (150 mg/Kg b.w. dose) by maintaining the brain lipid composition may protect neuronal cell membraneand probably preventing the progression of AD.
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Seel, Waldemar, Alexander Flegler, Marija Zunabovic-Pichler, and André Lipski. "Increased Isoprenoid Quinone Concentration Modulates Membrane Fluidity inListeria monocytogenesat Low Growth Temperatures." Journal of Bacteriology 200, no. 13 (April 16, 2018): e00148-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00148-18.
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ABSTRACTListeria monocytogenesis a food pathogen capable of growing at a broad temperature range from 50°C to refrigerator temperatures. A key requirement for bacterial activity and growth at low temperatures is the ability to adjust the membrane lipid composition to maintain cytoplasmic membrane fluidity. In this study, we confirmed earlier findings that the extents of fatty acid profile adaptation differed betweenL. monocytogenesstrains. We were able to demonstrate for isolates from food that growth rates at low temperatures and resistance to freeze-thaw stress were not impaired by a lower adaptive response of the fatty acid composition. This indicated the presence of a second adaptation mechanism besides temperature-regulated fatty acid synthesis. For strains that showed weaker adaptive responses in their fatty acid profiles to low growth temperature, we could demonstrate a significantly higher concentration of isoprenoid quinones. Three strains even showed a higher quinone concentration after growth at 6°C than at 37°C, which is contradictory to the reduced respiratory activity at lower growth temperatures. Analyses of the membrane fluidityin vivoby measuring generalized polarization and anisotropy revealed modulation of the transition phase. Strains with increased quinone concentrations showed an expanded membrane transition phase in contrast to strains with pronounced adaptations of fatty acid profiles. The correlation between quinone concentration and membrane transition phase expansion was confirmed by suppression of quinone synthesis. A reduced quinone concentration resulted in a narrower transition phase. Expansion of the phase transition zone by increasing the concentration of non-fatty acid membrane lipids is discussed as an additional mechanism improving adaptation to temperature shifts forL. monocytogenesstrains.IMPORTANCEListeria monocytogenesis a foodborne pathogen with an outstanding temperature range for growth. The ability for growth at temperatures close to the freezing point constitutes a serious contamination potential for cold stored food. The only known mechanism of the species for adaptation of membrane fluidity is modification of the membrane fatty acid composition. We were able to demonstrate that, at least for some strains, this adaptation mechanism is supported by regulation of the menaquinone concentration. The increase of this neutral membrane lipid is correlated with fluidization of the membrane under low-temperature conditions and therefore represents a fatty acid-independent mechanism for adaptation to low temperatures.
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TSUDA, KAZUSHI, SEIKO TSUDA, YOHSUKE MINATOGAWA, HIDEO IWAHASHI, HIROKI SHIMA, HIROYUKI YOSHIKAWA, MASAKO URA, et al. "Membrane fluidity of erythrocytes and its relevance to renin profile in essential hypertension." Japanese Circulation Journal 52, no. 11 (1988): 1301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/jcj.52.1301.
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Kolbeck, Sandra, Hermine Kienberger, Karin Kleigrewe, Maik Hilgarth, and Rudi F. Vogel. "Effect of high levels of CO2 and O2 on membrane fatty acid profile and membrane physiology of meat spoilage bacteria." European Food Research and Technology 247, no. 4 (February 10, 2021): 999–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-020-03681-y.
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AbstractThe membrane is the major protective barrier separating the cell from the environment and is thus important for bacteria to survive environmental stress. This study investigates changes in membrane lipid compositions and membrane physiology of meat spoiling bacteria in response to high CO2 (30%) and O2 (70%) concentrations, as commonly used for modified atmosphere packaging of meat. Therefore, the fatty acid profile as well as membrane fluidity, permeability and cell surface were determined and correlated to the genomic settings of five meat spoiling bacteria Brochothrix (B.) thermosphacta, Carnobacterium (C.) divergens, C. maltaromaticum, Leuconostoc (L.) gelidum subsp. gelidum and L. gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum cultivated under different gas atmospheres. We identified different genomic potentials for fatty acid adaptations, which were in accordance with actual measured changes in the fatty acid composition for each species in response to CO2 and/or O2, e.g., an increase in saturated, iso and cyclopropane fatty acids. Even though fatty acid changes were species-specific, the general physiological responses were similar, comprising a decreased membrane permeability and fluidity. Thus, we concluded that meat spoiling bacteria facilitate a change in membrane fatty acids upon exposure to O2 and CO2, what leads to alteration of membrane fluidity and permeability. The observed adaptations might contribute to the resistance of meat spoilers against detrimental effects of the gases O2 and CO2 and thus help to explain their ability to grow under different modified atmospheres. Furthermore, this study provides fundamental knowledge regarding the impact of fatty acid changes on important membrane properties of bacteria.
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Dabadie, Henry, Claude Motta, Evelyne Peuchant, Pascale LeRuyet, and François Mendy. "Variations in daily intakes of myristic and α-linolenic acids in sn-2 position modify lipid profile and red blood cell membrane fluidity." British Journal of Nutrition 96, no. 2 (August 2006): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061813.
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The present study evaluated the effects of moderate intakes of myristic acid (MA), at 1·2% and 1·8% of total energy (TE), associated with a 0·9% TE intake of α-linolenic acid (ALA) on lipid and fatty acid profiles and red blood cell membrane fluidity. Twenty-nine monks without dyslipidaemia were enrolled in a 1-year nutritional study in which two experimental diets were tested for 3 months each: diet 1, MA 1·2% and ALA 0·9%; diet 2, MA 1·8% and ALA 0·9%. A control diet (MA 1·2%, ALA 0·4%) was given 3 months before diets 1 and 2. Thus, two different levels of MA (1·2%, 1·8%) and ALA (0·4%, 0·9%) were tested. Intakes of other fatty acids were at recommended levels. Samples were obtained on completion of all three diets. For fluidity analysis, the red blood cells were labelled with 16-doxylstearate and the probe incorporated the membrane where relaxation-correlation time was calculated. Diet 1 was associated with a decrease in total cholesterol, in LDL-cholesterol, in triacylglycerols and in the ratio of total to HDL-cholesterol; ALA and EPA levels were increased in both phospholipids and cholesterol esters. Diet 2 was associated with a decrease in triacylglycerols and in the ratios of total to HDL-cholesterol and of triacylglycerols to HDL-cholesterol, and with an increase in HDL-cholesterol; EPA levels were decreased in phospholipids and cholesterol esters. Red blood cell membrane fluidity was increased in both diets (P<0·0001), but the higher increase was obtained with diet 1, mainly in the oldest subjects. Intakes of myristic acid (1·2%TE) and ALA (0·9%TE), both mainly in the sn-2 position, were associated with favourable lipid and n−3 long-chain fatty acid profiles. These beneficial effects coexisted with particularly high membrane fluidity, especially among the oldest subjects.
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Abu-Salah, K. M., A. A. Alothman, and K. Y. Lei. "Lipid composition and fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane in copper-deficient rats." British Journal of Nutrition 68, no. 2 (September 1992): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19920101.
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The influence of dietary copper on lipid composition, phospholipid-fatty acid and protein profiles and fluidity of the erythrocyte membranes of rats is reported. In general Cu deficiency in rats induced some changes in the phospholipid-fatty acid profile of erythrocyte membranes when compared with Cu-adequate animals. Stearic (18:0) and docosadienoic (22:2n-3) acids contents, for example, were significantly increased (P< 0.001) while oleic (18:1n-9) and linolenic (18:3n-3) acid contents were significantly depressed (P< 0.001) as a result of Cu deficiency. Moreover the cholesterol:phospholipids molar ratio and the cholesterol (mol):membrane proteins (mg) ratio in Cu-deficient rats were, to different degrees, significantly lower than in animals fed on Cu-adequate diets. In addition, diets deficient in Cu led to a reduction in erythrocyte membrane fluidity (P< 0.001) as assessed by the intramolecular excimer fluorescence of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyI) propane. However, no significant alteration in the phospholipid:protein ratio was observed as a result of differences in dietary treatment. The pattern of erythrocyte membrane proteins obtained with sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electro-phoresis did not seem to be influenced by Cu-deficient diets.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fluidity of profile"
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Berquet, Laure. "Etude des profils d'expression des petits ARN nucléolaires (snoARN) dans la leucémie lymphoïde chronique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30070/document.
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Les petits ARN nucléolaires (snoARN) sont d'abondants petits ARN non codants impliqués dans la modification post-transcriptionnelle des ARN ribosomiques. Plus récemment, ils ont été associés à de nouvelles fonctions et des dérégulations dans les cancers. La leucémie lymphoïde chronique (LLC) est l'hémopathie maligne la plus courante dans les pays occidentaux. Cette pathologie, bien qu'indolente, est toujours incurable et est très hétérogène en termes d'évolution et de réponse au traitement. Il est ainsi nécessaire de découvrir de nouveaux marqueurs permettant de stratifier le risque d'évolution de la LLC afin d'améliorer la prise en charge thérapeutique des patients. Le but de mon projet a été d'étudier les profils d'expression des snoARN dans la LLC et de les corréler aux données cliniques et biologiques. Par des expériences de PCR quantitative à grande échelle (Fluidigm), j'ai mis en évidence la dérégulation des snoARN dans la LLC. De plus, j'ai pu montrer qu'une signature spécifique était capable de définir un nouveau sous-groupe de mauvais pronostic au sein des patients IGHV-mutés, initialement classés dans un groupe de bon pronostic. La surexpression de la signature est corrélée à un temps de survie sans traitement plus court et semble être principalement activée par les signaux de prolifération. Ainsi, cette étude démontre l'intérêt d'étudier la valeur pronostique des snoARN dans la LLC et plus largement dans les hémopathies malignesSmall nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-coding RNAs responsible for the post-transcriptional modifications of ribosomal RNAs. They have been recently associated with new functions and described as deregulated in many cancers. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent leukemia in the western world. This disease has a slow progression rate but is still incurable and is also very heterogeneous in terms of clinical course and response to therapy. Thus, it is essential to find new molecular markers allowing improvement of patient therapeutic care. This study aimed at establishing the expression profiles of snoRNAs in a CLL cohort and to correlate them to the clinico-biological parameters. By means of high-throughput quantitative PCR, I showed that snoRNAs were deregulated in CLL. Moreover, a specific signature was able to define a new adverse prognostic subgroup among IGHV-mutated patients, initially classified as good prognosis cases. The overexpression of the signature is correlated to a shorter treatment-free survival and seems to be mainly activated by proliferation signals. All in all, this study demonstrates the prognostic value of snoRNAs in CLL and prompts us to further explore their deregulation in hematological malignancies
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Weckel, Alexis. "Characterization of Pressure-Driven and Electro-Kinetically Driven Flow in a Micro-Fluidic Chip Using Particle Imaging Velocimetry." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1393.
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The flow profiles of pressure-driven and electro-kinetic driven flows were compared for a microfluidic chip. It was found that the pressure-driven flow had a parabolic profile while the electro-kinetic flow had a plug shaped flow profile. The measured velocities were similar to those determined by the Poiseuille flow model and the Helmholtz-Smoltchowski equation. Flow uniformity is very important for control in microfluidic mixers. Parabolic flow profiles lead to inconsistent reactions while the more uniform plug shape flow allow for a more steady reaction across the channel. Previous work had been performed to measure the flow of a solution of fluorescent polystyrene beads in PDMS channels using a laser confocal microscope. This showed that particles easily stuck to the channel making it difficult to measure over time. In addition, bubble formation in the channel made measuring velocities difficult. Current work used a LabSmith Video Synchronized microscope with software to measure the flow rates at different areas of the channel. Solutions of fluorescent polystyrene beads were used to visually observe the flow within a channel under a microscope. Four different channels were used for the pressure-driven flows of varying dimensions and materials. The channel with the best measured profile was also measured under electro-kinetic flow. A LabSmith High Voltage Sequencer was used to apply a voltage across the channel for electro-kinetic measurements. This research confirmed the different flow profiles under pressure-driven and electro-kinetic driven flow. Future work can be done to determine how this effects mixing in the channels.
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Labidi, Faïza. "Étude de la structure d'écoulement d'un jet immergé dans un lit fluidisé et caractérisation des échanges." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD557.
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L'étude porte sur l'analyse hydrodynamique du comportement d'un jet vertical ascendant immergé dans un lit fluidisé et la compréhension des mécanismes d'intéractions qui s'opèrent entre le jet et le lit environnant. Pour ce faire, nous nous attachons à mesurer les vitesses locales, permettant ainsi d'établir la cartographie détaillée du champ de vitesse de gaz dans le jet, et les pressions statiques au sein du jet et dans le lit. Nous faisons varier un grand nombre de paramètres de fonctionnement (vitesse d'aération supérieure au minimum de fluidisation, vitesse initiale du jet, hauteur du lit et taille des particules) afin de mieux cerner l'importance de ces derniers sur l'hydrodynamique du jet en milieu fluidisé. L'approche théorique destinée à appuyer l'interprétation des résultats expérimentaux nous a suggéré des formes de loi de variation axiale dans le jet, dans la zone des profits semblables, et qui ont été validées. Une première loi de variation de la vitesse axiale traduisant la similitude des profils de vitesse dans le jet qui est indépendante des paramètres de l'étude, et une deuxième loi de similitude pour les variations de la demi-largeur du jet. La combinaison de ces deux lois a conduit aux lois de variation axiale du débit et du flux de quantité de mouvement du jet. Ces derniers (débits et flux de quantité de mouvement) nous ont permis d'identifier les zones d'échanges de gaz entre le jet et le lit, de déterminer l'intensité de ces échanges et d'indiquer le mécanisme d'extinction d'un jet dans un lit fluidisé.
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Azzi, Merched. "Étude des profils de flux de particules dans l'écoulement vertical établi d'une suspension gaz-solide." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPD031.
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La structure de l’écoulement établi d’un mélange gaz-solide en mouvement vertical ascendant a été expérimentalement étudiée dans une colonne à lit fluidisé à recirculation de 144 mm de diamètre intérieur et de 8 m de haut. Le solide utilisé est du catalyseur de cracking de 57um véhiculé par l’air atmosphérique. La colonne est alimentée en solide par l’intermédiaire d’une vanne en L. Les vitesses superficielles d’air ont été variées de 2 m/s jusqu’à 6 m/s, avec des concentrations volumiques qui atteignent 12%. Une sonde et une méthode de prélèvement ont été mises au point pour déterminer les profils radiaux de flux massique des particules. Cette méthode, qui s’affranchit de la condition d’isocinétisme strict des prélèvements, permet de mesurer à la fois les flux ascendant et descendant. Les mesures des profils de flux massique effectuées à des concentrations volumiques inférieures à 4% ont mis en évidence l’exixtence d’un régime des profils semblables qui avait été prévu théoriquement comme solution asymtotique des équations générales probabilistes des mélanges gaz-solide. Par ailleurs, ces mesures ont montré qu’au-delà de cette concentration il existe d’autres profils de flux massique qui se modifient avec l’augmentation du taux de charge, ce régime d’écoulement est appelé régime dense. L’allure des profils ainsi que leurs déformations avec la vitesse du gaz en écoulement dilué et avec la concentration en régime dense ont été examinées en détail. Enfin, des propriétés de la transition locale de régime ont pu être mises en évidence.
Book chapters on the topic "Fluidity of profile"
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Hadjidemetriou, Chryso. "Fluidity in Language Beliefs:." In Endangered Languages. British Academy, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197265765.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses how the revitalization efforts of Kormakiti Maronite Arabic (KMA) in Cyprus may have influenced the beliefs and ideologies of the community towards its language. KMA is spoken by some members of the Kormakiti Maronite community in Cyprus, where the official languages are Greek and Turkish. However, local varieties of Greek and Turkish are used by most people in everyday communication and the use of KMA has declined, especially in terms of intergenerational transmission. The chapter begins with a sociolinguistic profile of the KMA community focusing on: (i) subjective attitudes towards KMA and its speakers, and (ii) the ethnic identity value attached to KMA. Recordings conducted since 2006, when revitalization efforts began, enabled the author to observe a slight change in some speakers’ beliefs about their language, triggered by ongoing revitalization efforts.
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Kelly, Alan. "A Word on the Wonderful Weirdness of Water." In Molecules, Microbes, and Meals. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687694.003.0012.
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Before we move forward from our previous chapters’ exploration of the importance of the microbiology of food from its many different angles to start to focus on how we process food to, among other effects, control that microbiology, we need to consider one more basic constituent of food. This is because, even after several earlier chapters in which the key functions of proteins, sugars, lipids, and other rather high-profile food constituents were discussed, we have yet to discuss explicitly the one that is perhaps the most significant of all. It was mentioned many times of course, lurking in the background like a supporting character actor in a movie who doesn’t dominate the foreground activity but is a key part of the scene. This magically powerful ingredient is water, yes water, that represents the majority of most food products, and without which most of their properties and characteristics would not exist. We have seen already how water can appear in food in many guises, depending on whether it deigns to interact with the other constituents present, leading to apparent logical surprises like the fact that a melon (a solid?) has actually more water per gram of its weight than milk (a liquid?), just because in one case the water is absorbed and robbed of its innate fluidity, while in the other no such restrictions apply. Besides influencing texture in a completely fundamental way, though, water influences behavior of just about every other molecule in food, from the structure of a protein (and hence the texture we perceive) to the suspension of oil droplets in the many food products that are emulsions. As well as this, almost all the dynamic changes we encounter in food, for better or for worse, depend on water. Microbes require water to live, as we can see when we preserve food by removing it (in drying), or else denying it more subtly by adding substances such as sugar or salt, which can suck the very water out of bacterial cells like molecular vampires.
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"Homeric Intimacy In Nbc’S HANNIBAL (2013–2015)." In Ancient Epic in Film and Television, edited by Amanda Potter and Hunter Gardner, 185–200. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474473743.003.0012.
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Lynn Kozac probes the Iliad as a source text for contemporary television, but turns away from the battlefield and towards the often more intimate settings for the relationship between Achilles and Patroklos: she argues that the two Homeric heroes offer a template for the complex relationship between FBI profiler Will Graham and serial killer Hannibal Lecter in NBC’s Hannibal. This comparison is explicitly made in the series, to shed light on a relationship that comprises elements of family, homoeroticism, love and friendship, as well as doubling and interchangeability between the two protagonists. Kozac persuasively argues that both texts illustrate the fluidity of intimate male relationships.
Conference papers on the topic "Fluidity of profile"
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Yamamoto, Takehiro. "Numerical Analysis of Three-Dimensional Flows of Wormlike Micelles Solutions Through Abrupt Contraction Using a Modified Bautista-Manero Model." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-14008.
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Startup flows of wormlike micelles solutions in a three-dimensional rectangular abrupt contraction channel are numerically simulated using a modified Bautista-Manero model as a constitutive equation. The numerical scheme applied is based on the finite volume method with the PISO algorithm, and the DEVSS method is employed to stabilize the numerical computation. Temporal changes in micelle network structures are investigated based on the analysis of the fluidity, which represents the structural change in micelle networks. The numerical results indicate that the orientation behavior of micelle networks around the entrance to the contraction remarkably changes with time. Around the entrance, micelle networks undergo strong elongation and shear deformations and hence the deformation of network is accelerated. Furthermore, the velocity distribution in a cross section takes a plug-like profile similarly to that of viscoplastic fluids because the fluidity rapidly changes near channel walls, where the shear rate is high. Three-dimensional patterns in the distribution of the fluidity appear more remarkably at high Weissenberg numbers, while in a conduit downstream of a contraction part they appears in a limited region near the walls where the fluidity rapidly changes.
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Tong, Wei. "Design of Generator Spline Retaining Ring With Low Windage Loss." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31208.
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Retaining rings in a generator are used to constrain the centrifugal force of the field winding end turns. A conventional retaining ring may cause a high pressure drop at the stator-rotor gap entrance and thus result in a large windage loss. The present work relates to the design of a retaining ring with a spline profile near its inboard end to thereby improve the axial cooling flow fluidity and enhance generator cooling efficiency. By altering the outer profile of the retaining ring, it has been found that approximately 30–60% of the pressure drop across the stator-rotor gap entrance can be reduced. As a result, the overall generator efficiency may increase about 0.005–0.01%.
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Song, X., W. Liu, Y. Cui, C. Wu, and M. He. "Influence of WC-Co Type Thermal Spray Powder Characteristics on HVOF Coating Properties." In ITSC2005, edited by E. Lugscheider. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2005p1105.
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Abstract With the incoming of HVOF, the coating properties and application extent of WC-Co type have been greatly improved, in the recent years, we found that the characteristics of WC-Co powder has some influence on its coating properties prepared by HVOF. In this paper, study has been prepared on powders made from aboard and Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy properties such as fluidity, aspect, profile of coating SEM and carbon content, also phase structure and properties analysis of HVOF coating has been made. Finally, influence of powder preparing technology and HVOF technology parameters of different powders for coating properties have been described.
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Mun, Jiwon, Jaehyung Ju, Byoung-Gwan Yun, Byung-Moon Chang, and Doo-Man Kim. "A Numerical Study of a Molten Aluminum for Investment Casting of 3D Cellular Metals." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62847.
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Investment casting processes are influenced by a variety of parameters. Many researches considering viscosity as a constant have been conducted up to this point. In particular, however, viscosity with temperature change has not been much accounted for solidification and heat transfer simulation of molten metal in the investment casting process. In addition, analysis of behavior of metal flow as well as air gap problems for complex network structures have not been investigated much. The aim of this study is to build transient metal flow and velocity profile models considering temperature dependent viscosity in investment casting processes of cellular structures. In this study, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling tool was used for metal flow and velocity profile in investment casting processing using User Defined Function (UDF) for temperature dependent viscosity. The results of the metal flow and velocity profile inside of the simple cylindrical geometry are represented. It is shown that for the validation of the numerical simulation, the velocity profile between analytical and numerical approaches showed very good agreement. Analytical approaches showed that velocity was reduced with the increase in viscosity, which is applied as a function of temperature. In particular, rapid decreasing in velocity was shown from under the melting temperature of the molten metal. There was no movement on metal flow at the room temperature. Numerical approaches showed that the liquid metal began to be solidified from the wall surface inside of the mold. For the same simulation time, it was shown that the metal flow in a cylinder that has 1mm diameter showed better fluidity rather than that of the cylinder that has 2mm diameter due to the increase in adhesion between liquid metal and the surface of the mold and surface tension between molten metal and air. The effective diameter by solidification is decreased with the time change.
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Gao, Jiaxi, Yuedong Yao, He Bao, and Jinjiang Shen. "Laboratory Evaluation Experiment for Adaptability Analysis of Nitrogen Injection in Yanchang Oil Field." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207275-ms.
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Abstract: Yanchang Oilfield conducts systematic research on nitrogen injection to enhance oil recovery. Through the research of this project, the energy supplement method of horizontal wells suitable for the study area is determined, and its injection system and process parameters are optimized and determined. The optimal energy replenishment method selected by the mine field test achieves the following economic and technical indicators: Provide a nitrogen suitability evaluation plan; Complete the nitrogen flooding matching process design of the target well; Complete the design of the injection-production plan for the target well; Compare with other energy supplement methods. Through the analysis of two supplementary energy methods of water injection and gas injection in indoor and similar reservoirs, the following understandings have been obtained: (1) Nitrogen is insoluble in water, slightly soluble in oil, good swelling, large elastic energy, is an inert gas, exists widely in the atmosphere, inexhaustible, inexhaustible, has a wide range of sources. (2) the recovery rate of nitrogen flooding is significantly higher than that of water flooding. (3) The field test results of water injection and nitrogen test in similar reservoirs show that the supplementary formation energy of nitrogen injection is suitable for the later development of Chang 64 and Chang 71 in the Haobasi oil field. (4) Compared with deep ultra-low permeability reservoirs, it is more economical to use nitrogen to supplement formation energy and change oil. The rate is higher. From the above analysis, it can be seen that the supplementary energy of Chang 64 and Chang 71 reservoirs in the Haobasi oil area should be nitrogen injection as the main supplement, and water injection as a supplement. Gas/water alternate injection is used to adjust the gas injection profile to slow down the escape of injected nitrogen. . Although water injection supplements the formation energy with greater uncertainty, it can be used as a technical means of fluidity control in the gas injection process and is relatively economical.
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Kurz, Julia, and Reinhard Niehuis. "Detailed Analysis of Boundary Layer Control by Fluidic Oscillators on a Highly Loaded Profile." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-76174.
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One application method of active flow control is the exploitation of the interaction between transition and flow separation on a profile. As turbulent flows are able to withstand higher adverse pressure gradients the enforcement of the transition process can be utilized to prevent or to reduce flow separation. This paper focuses on gaining a better understanding of high frequency active flow control (AFC) by fluidic oscillators and its influence on the transition process for a separated boundary layer. Flow control is applied on a highly loaded turbine exit case (TEC) profile which was in particular designed for this application. The profile is investigated in the high-speed cascade wind tunnel at the Bundeswehr University Munich. Significant loss reduction by AFC could be observed by total pressure loss determination in the low Reynolds number regime. In order to gain a better understanding of development of the suction side boundary layer, several boundary layer profiles are determined by hot-wire measurements at six axial positions on the suction side of the profile. Differences between the boundary layer development and the extent of the separation can be detected. Furthermore, a stability analysis of the boundary layer upstream of separation is conducted and compared to the measured frequency spectra.
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Li, Yongqian, Liding Wang, and Zheng Xu. "Deviations of Electroosmotic Fluidic Profile from Electric Double Layer Theory." In 2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nems.2006.334653.
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Doan, Hong Duc, Naoki Iwatani, and Kazuyoshi Fushinobu. "Laser Processing by Using Fluidic Laser Beam Shaper." In ASME 2013 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2013-73059.
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Laser beam shaping techniques are important to optimize a large number of laser-material processing applications and laser-material interaction studies. The authors have developed a novel fluidic laser beam shaper (FLBS) with merits such as flexiblility, versatility and low cost. This work presents a fundamentally new approach for laser beam shaping by using FLBS. A Gaussian beam profile is transformed to a flat top beam and annular beam profile in the focal plane. The shaped laser beam is used for laser drilling to investigate the influence of the laser intensity profile in laser processing. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research and potential applications for further the work.
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Shinohara, Kyosuke, and Yasuhiko Sugii. "Micro Chemical Reaction Flow Measurement Using PIV and LIF Technique." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45757.
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Using micro PIV technique and micro LIF technique, velocity distributions and pH distributions of chemical reacting flow in micro fluidic device were measured. The micro fluidic device was Y-junction channel. In order to generate a neutralization reaction, acetic acid and ammonia hydroxide were introduced into each channel respectively. The results of velocity profiles of the chemical reacting flow corresponded closely to the theoretical profile of Poiseuille’s flow. This was characteristic of laminar flow. The results of pH distribution of the chemical reacting flow showed two kinds of distribution. In one case interface was straight and mixing was not noticeable at higher flow speed. In the other hand mixing or molecular diffusion due to chemical reaction definitely caused at lower flow rate. Applying both results we compared the experimental diffusion with theoretical value. In one case the experimental result corresponded close to theoretical value. However, it did not agree with theory in the other case. The results indicate that acetic acid and ammonia hydroxide mixed faster than theory in micro scale.
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Mack, Marion, Reinhard Niehuis, Andreas Fiala, and Yavuz Guendogdu. "Boundary Layer Control on a Low Pressure Turbine Blade by Means of Pulsed Blowing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69029.
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The current work investigates the performance benefits of pulsed blowing with frequencies up to 10 kHz on a highly loaded LPT blade. The influence of blowing position and frequency on the boundary layer and losses are investigated. Pressure profile distribution measurements and midspan wake traverses are used to assess the effects on the boundary layer under a wide range of Reynolds numbers from 50000 to 200000 at a cascade exit Mach number of 0.6 under steady as well as periodically unsteady inflow conditions. High frequency blowing at sufficient amplitudes is achieved with the use of fluidic oscillators. The integral loss coefficient calculated from wake traverses is used to assess the optimum pressure ratio driving the fluidic oscillators. The results show that pulsed blowing with fluidic oscillators can significantly reduce the profile losses of the highly loaded LPT blade T161 with a moderate amount of air used in a wide range of Reynolds numbers under both steady and unsteady inflow conditions.