Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fluidised bed drying

Academic literature on the topic 'Fluidised bed drying'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fluidised bed drying"

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López Fontal, Elkin Mauricio. "Coffe drying on fluidised bed." Ingeniería e Investigación 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v26n1.14684.

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All coffee is harvested as cherry grains which are then crushed and extracted traditionally or by applying the Becolsub method. Once the coffee parchment obtained has been washed, it is naturally or mechanically dried. Static dryers are the most used mechanical dryers, generally producing lack of uniformity in the grain's final humidity content which must range from 10% to 12% b.h. Drying by fluidization was used in the present research work; this turns a solid particle bed into a suspended and expanded mass, possessing many of the properties of a liquid. A 5,000 g capacity prototype was designed and constructed in which coffee was dried at three air drying temperatures: 42°C, 46°C and 49°C; drying time lasted 6 to 8 hours. Good uniformity in final grain humidity content was obtained, differences being less than 0.86%. As well as the grain test, a control cup test was used, finding that the product presented good organoleptic qualities.
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Soponronnarit, Somchart, Thanit Swasdisevi, Somboon Wetchacama, and Wivat Wutiwiwatchai. "Fluidised bed drying of soybeans." Journal of Stored Products Research 37, no. 2 (April 2001): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-474x(00)00015-1.

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Gazor, H. R., and A. Mohsenimanesh. "Modelling the drying kinetics of canola in fluidised bed dryer." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 28, No. 6 (December 13, 2010): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/256/2009-cjfs.

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Canola, one of the new oil seeds in Iran, is investigated for drying in Batch fluidised beds. Experiments were conducted to assess the kinetics of drying in the temperature range of 30&ndash;100&deg;C. The drying rate was found to increase significantly with increasing temperature. The drying rate was compared with various exponential time decay models and the model parameters were evaluated. The approximate diffusion and logarithmic models were found to match the experimental data very closely with the maximum Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) less than 0.02. Considering fewer differences in the model evaluation factors and friendly use, logarithmic model was recommended for modelling canola drying. The experimental data were also modelled using Fick's diffusion equation, the effective diffusivity coefficients having been found to be from 3.76 &times; 10&ndash;11 m<sup>2</sup>/s to 8.46 &times; 10&ndash;11 m<sup>2</sup>/s in the range of experimental data covered in the present study. For the process, the activation energy was calculated to be 11.03 kJ/mol assuming an Arrhenius type temperature reliance.
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Taechapairoj, Chaiyong, Isares Dhuchakallaya, Somchart Soponronnarit, Somboon Wetchacama, and Somkiat Prachayawarakorn. "Superheated steam fluidised bed paddy drying." Journal of Food Engineering 58, no. 1 (June 2003): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0260-8774(02)00335-7.

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Anantharaman, N., S. Sundaram, and S. H. Ibrahim. "Fluidised bed drying of agro products." Bioprocess Engineering 23, no. 4 (October 20, 2000): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004499900184.

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López Fontal, Elkin Mauricio. "Fuzzy logic systems applied to fluidise bed coffee drying." Ingeniería e Investigación 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v25n3.14671.

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The present investigation deals with a system for coffee bean drying on a fluidised bed. A prototype was used in which coffee beans were dried using several drying temperatures. The results showed 6 to 8 hour drying periods. The coffee beans presented uniform final humidity content and the product presented good sensory characteristics. Complementing the foregoing and considering this process' degree of uncertainty, fuzzy logic systems were used for establishing some possible preliminary control strategies for drying coffee beans on a fluidised bed related to establishing the point of fluidisation, controlling surface air speed and using air temperature greater than 50°C at the start of the process.
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Thomas, P. P., and Y. B. G. Varma. "Fluidised bed drying of granular food materials." Powder Technology 69, no. 3 (March 1992): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-5910(92)80012-l.

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Valle Vargas, Marcelo Fernando, Ricardo Durán Baron, Jader Alean, and Héctor J. Ciro Velasquez. "Drying kinetics of organic parchment coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.) using microwave fluidised bed: Semi-theoretical modeling." Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín 20, no. 39 (October 23, 2020): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22395/rium.v20n39a10.

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The aim of this study was to model the drying kinetics of microwave and fluidised bed of parchment coffee bean (Coffea arabica L.) using a semi-theoretical approach. A completely randomized design with six treatments: three with microwave drying (MD) and the rest combined with fluidized bed drying (MFBD) was carried out. The drying curves were established until reaching a final moisture content between 10 to 12% w.b. The results indicated that the drying time decreased as the microwave power level increased. When MFBD was used, drying times increased approximately 4-fold compared to MD treatments. The values of effective diffusivity for coffee beans treated with MD and MFBD ranged from 0.913 to1.72×10-9 m2.s-1 and 0.23 to 0.42×10-9 m2.s-1, respectively. Although all the models presented high goodness of fit, the two-term model presented the highest R2 (0.9855 – 0.9978) and lowest RMSE (0.0128-0.0285). In general, all models adequately fitted the experimental data so they can be used to predict the drying kinetics, therefore they could be very useful in equipment design and optimization of the coffee drying process.
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Ciesielski, K., and I. Zbicinski. "HYBRID NEURAL MODELLING OF FLUIDISED BED DRYING PROCESS." Drying Technology 19, no. 8 (August 31, 2001): 1725–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/drt-100107269.

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Skoneczna-Łuczków, Joanna, and Włodzimierz Ciesielczyk. "Exergetic Analysis For A Complete Node Of Fluidised-Bed Drying Of Poppy Seeds." Chemical and Process Engineering 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2015-0031.

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Abstract The article presents an experimental-theoretical analysis of fluidised-bed drying of poppy seeds directed on minimisation of energy. The analysis was performed for a complete drying node incorporating a heat exchanger and a fan. Two complementary factors were used in the exergetic evaluation: exergy efficiency and unit consumption of exergy. An analysis of drying in stationary bed was carried out for comparison purposes. Results of the exergetic analysis can become a basis for innovative works focused on decreasing energy consumption of a technological node being analysed, e.g. by the use of recirculation of fluidising-drying medium.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fluidised bed drying"

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Ireland, Emma. "The impact of high frequency flow pulsation on fluidised bed drying." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16550/.

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Drying is a major contributor to total energy consumption in manufacturing processes. As fluidised bed technology is a common method of particle drying, improvements in efficiencies are widely desirable. Low frequency flow pulsation has been found in the literature to reduce gas pumping requirements in fluidised beds and increase drying rates. However, research to date has used pulsation frequency range that tends to be within a 1-15 Hz limit. Consequently, a high pulsation frequency range of 200-300 Hz was applied to a selection of fluidised bed indicators to determine if a high frequency flow pulsation altered fluidisation when compared to a continuous flow regime. This is the first study to investigate the effects of high frequency flow pulsation of fluidised bed dynamics and drying. The effect of high frequency flow pulsation was studied at three scales: single particle level, 2-dimensional lab scale fluidised bed, and a 3-dimensional fluidised bed. Experiments were designed to directly compare pulsed and continuous flow. The high frequency flow pulsation was achieved using a type of fluidic oscillator. This used no additional energy input to pulse the gas flow. A range of pulsation frequencies and amplitudes were achieved through altering the length of a feedback tube on the oscillator and increasing or decreasing the gas flow rate. It was found that the oscillator operated through both the conventional double outlet mode, but also through a single outlet when one was closed off. This allowed for a comparison between both regimes, with the single outlet mode creating a preferable gas flow distribution. The high frequency pulsed flow regime was found to produce a higher pressure drop over the 3D bed distributor plate than the continuous flow regime. On a single particle level, large Group D single particles were studied through a drying curve whilst suspended in a static crucible in the gas flow or fluidised within a tube. These experiments showed that, in some particles, the pulsed flow regime inhibited or enhanced drying. It also demonstrated that a fluidised single particle has a greater variation in movement under a pulsed flow regime. In the 2D fluidised bed, bubbles were observed to be larger and more populous in a Group A powder under the pulsed flow regime compared to the continuous flow regime. Bed expansion was found to be greater under the pulsed flow regime in the 3D bed. Many of the observed differences between pulsed and continuous flow were small, making it difficult to form firm scientific conclusions. However, these results suggest that the addition of a high frequency flow pulsation to a fluidised bed dryer may change the fluidisation regime and characteristics. Whilst low frequency flow pulsation creates a physical interaction between the gas flow pulse cycles and particle displacement or bubble formation, high frequency flow pulsation is shown by this study to potentially influence fluidised bed indicators through gas vibration or boundary layer alteration.
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Raghavan, Rambali Sundara. "Optimisation of fluidised bed drying using electrical capacitance tomography sensor modelling and measurement." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493952.

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The aim of this research was the development of an accurate, robust and reliable electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor for the online measurement of solids concentration and moisture content profiles of fluidised bed dryers. In the pharmaceutical industry, fluidised bed dryers are used to dry wet particles prior to compression. Although electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) has been traditionally used to obtain images of the fluidisation processes, in this research, capacitance measurements from an ECT sensor mounted on a lab-scale fluidised bed dryer were used to estimate solids concentration and moisture content profiles. The effects of the process parameters, such as particle size, gas velocity, inlet gas temperature and relative humidity, on the moisture content of solids in the batch fluidlsed bed have been analysed theoretically.
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Picado, Apolinar. "An Analytical Solution Applied to Heat and Mass Transfer in a Vibrated Fluidised Bed Dryer." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Teknisk strömningslära, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34241.

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A mathematical model for the drying of particulate solids in a continuous vibrated fluidised bed dryer was developed and applied to the drying of grain wetted with a single liquid and porous particles containing multicomponent liquid mixtures. Simple equipment and material models were applied to describe the process. In the plug-flow equipment model, a thin layer of particles moving forward and well mixed in the direction of the gas flow was regarded; thus, only the longitudinal changes of particle moisture content and composition as well as temperature along the dryer were considered. Concerning the material model, mass and heat transfer in a single isolated particle was studied. For grain wetted with a single liquid, mass and heat transfer within the particles was described by effective transfer coefficients. Assuming a constant effective mass transport coefficient and effective thermal conductivity of the wet particles, analytical solutions of the mass and energy balances were obtained. The variation of both transport coefficients along the dryer was taken into account by a stepwise application of the analytical solution in space intervals with non-uniform inlet conditions and averaged coefficients from previous locations in the dryer. Calculation results were verified by comparison with experimental data from the literature. There was fairly good agreement between experimental data and simulation but the results depend strongly on the correlation used to calculate heat and mass transfer coefficients.   For the case of particles containing a multicomponent liquid mixture dried in the vibrated fluidised bed dryer, interactive diffusion and heat conduction were considered the main mechanisms for mass and heat transfer within the particles. Assuming a constant matrix of effective multicomponent diffusion coefficients and thermal conductivity of the wet particles, analytical solutions of the diffusion and conduction equations were obtained. The equations for mass transfer were decoupled by a similarity transformation and solved simultaneously with conduction equation by the variable separation method. Simulations gave a good insight into the selectivity of the drying process and can be used to find conditions to improve aroma retention during drying.   Also, analytical solutions of the diffusion and conduction equations applied to liquid-side-controlled convective drying of a multicomponent liquid film were developed. Assuming constant physical properties of the liquid, the equations describing interactive mass transfer are decoupled by a similarity transformation and solved simultaneously with conduction equation and the ordinary differential equation that describes the changes in the liquid film thickness. Variations of physical properties along the process trajectory were taken into account as in the previous cases. Simulation results were compared with experimental data from the literature and a fairly good agreement was obtained. Simulations performed with ternary liquid mixtures containing only volatile components and ternary mixtures containing components of negligible volatility showed that it is difficult to obtain an evaporation process that is completely controlled by the liquid-side mass transfer. This occurs irrespective of the initial drying conditions.   Despite simplifications, the analytical solution of the material model gives a good insight into the selectivity of the drying process and is computationally fast. The solution can be a useful tool for process exploration and optimisation. It can also be used to accelerate convergence and reduce tedious and time-consuming calculations when more rigorous models are solved numerically.
QC 20110614
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Laboulfie, Fabien. "Dépôt en couche mince d'un multi-matériau à la surface de particules solides : application à l'enrobage de particules alimentaires." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/18015/1/laboulfie.pdf.

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Cette étude est consacrée à l'élaboration de vernis d'enrobage composites constitués d'une fine dispersion de matériau hydrophobe dans une matrice de polymère. Ce type de matériau est appliqué à la surface de particules alimentaires, grâce à un procédé de pulvérisation en lit fluidisé, afin d'assurer la protection de ces particules vis-à-vis d'atmosphères humides. Nous avons développé un protocole de formulation, des vernis d'enrobage et des outils de caractérisation des dispersions liquides mais également des vernis secs sous forme de films minces. Nous avons étudié l'influence des paramètres liés au protocole de formulation et à la composition sur la stabilité de la dispersion, sur les propriétés d'usage des films d'enrobage secs mais également sur les interactions entre les différents constituants. A partir de l'ensemble de ces résultats, deux formulations ont été retenues. Afin d'étudier l'influence des conditions séchage sur les propriétés des films d'enrobage, nous avons conçu une veine de séchage convectif. Les résultats ont montré que la morphologie et les propriétés des films secs sont essentiellement pilotées par la période de séchage à vitesse décroissante, lorsque la cinétique d'évaporation du solvant est limitée par la diffusion de celui-ci à travers le film de vernis. De plus, nous avons observé que l'augmentation de la température de séchage, notamment pour des températures de séchage proche de la température de fusion des composés fusibles des vernis (40°C pour le PEG 1500 et 55°C pour l'acide stéarique), induit des transformations morphologiques importantes des films. L'apparition de cette nouvelle morphologie provoque une amélioration notable des possibilités de déformation des films secs sans modifier leurs propriétés barrières.
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Goksu, Emel Iraz. "Fluidized Bed, Microwave And Microwave Assisted Fluidized Bed Drying Of Macaroni Beads." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1098789/index.pdf.

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This study is aimed to compare the fluidized bed and microwave drying with microwave assisted fluidized bed drying. For this purpose, macaroni beads (2.4±
0.08 mm diameter) were dried from about 20% to 12% moisture content in a fluidized bed of 7.6 cm diameter, in a domestic microwave oven with a power of 609 W and in the fluidized bed placed in the microwave oven conditions. In the experiments with the fluidized bed three air temperatures
50, 60 and 70°
C at an air velocity of 2.3 m/s and in those with the microwave oven two power levels
50% and 100% were used. The drying curves indicated that the drying rate increased with the air temperature and microwave power in each drying method. Microwave assisted fluidized bed drying reduced the drying time by about 50% and 11% on the average compared with the fluidized bed and microwave drying, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the drying time was reduced more by the effect of microwave energy than the fluidization. The effective diffusivities in the fluidized bed and microwave assisted fluidized bed drying were found to be in the order of 4.125x10-11 and 8.772x10-11 m2/s on the average, respectively. The effective diffusivities for the fluidized bed drying were fitted to an Arrhenius type of equation and the magnitude of the activation energy was found to be in the order of 12595 kJ/kg mol.
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Roe, Eric A. "Vibrofluidized bed drying of citrus processing residue for byproduct recovery." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000628.

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Hajidavalloo, Ebrahim. "Hydrodynamic and thermal analysis of a fluidized bed drying system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0024/NQ31525.pdf.

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Рожновський, Максим Олександрович. "Удосконалення роботи сушарки киплячого шару у виробництві таблетованого ампіциліну." Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/39550.

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Пояснювальна записка до дипломного проекту «Удосконалення роботи сушарки киплячого шару у виробництві таблетованого ампіциліну» містить 92 сторінок, 39 літературних джерел, 21 рисунків, 23 таблиць. В магістерській дисертації розглянуто сушарку з псевдозрідженим шаром та удосконалену частину апарату решітку сушарки псевдозрідженого шару. Решітка сушарки псевдозрідженого шару належить до галузі сушильних апаратів, які застосовують у лініях виробництва харчових продуктів та фармацевтичній галузі. Виробництво твердих лікарських засобів (ЛЗ) є найбільш поширеною і відомою технологією у фармації, в якій на першому місці за кількістю продукції знаходяться таблетки. Базовою вимогою до готової продукції будь-якого виробництва ЛЗ є забезпечення якості, безпечності та ефективності. Забезпечення цієї вимоги обумовлюється використанням обладнання з високою функціональною відповідністю чинній технології виробництва. Пропонована решітка сушарки псевдозрідженого шару забезпечує якісне висушування матеріалу та підвищує ефективність роботи даної сушарки. Для підтвердження працездатності та надійності конструкції були проведені тепловий, гідравлічний, конструктивний і міцнісний розрахунки елементів конструкції. Проведений патентний пошук, за рахунок чого, виконаний порівняльний аналіз основних показників конструкції сушарки з діючими аналогами. Також у проекті розглянуті питання з монтажу та експлуатації теплообмінника. Розрахунки та креслення виконані згідно чинних стандартів, з використанням сучасних системних та інформаційних технологій.
Explanatory note to the diploma project "Improvement of the fluidized bed dryer in the production of ampicillin tablets" contains 92 pages, 39 references, 21 figures, 23 tables. In the master's dissertation the dryer with a fluidized bed and the improved part of the apparatus of the lattice of the dryer of the fluidized bed are considered. The lattice of the fluidized bed dryer belongs to the field of dryers used in food production lines and the pharmaceutical industry. The production of solid drugs (DR) is the most common and well-known technology in pharmacy, in which the first place in terms of the number of products are tablets. The basic requirement for finished products of any drug production is to ensure quality, safety and efficiency. Ensuring this requirement is due to the use of equipment with high functional compliance with current production technology. The proposed lattice of the fluidized bed dryer provides high-quality drying of the material and increases the efficiency of this dryer. To confirm the efficiency and reliability of the structure, thermal, hydraulic, structural and strength calculations of structural elements were performed. A patent search was carried out, due to which a comparative analysis of the main indicators of the dryer design with the current analogues was performed. The project also addresses issues related to the installation and operation of the heat exchanger. Calculations and drawings are made according to current standards, using modem system and information technologies.
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Сухецький, Андрій Геннадійович. "Модернізація решітки сушарки псевдозрідженого шару для дослідження процесу псевдозрідження." Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/34117.

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Пояснювальна записка до дипломного проекту «Модернізація решітки сушарки псевдозрідженого шару для дослідження процесу псевдозрідження» містить 96 сторінок, 37 літературних джерел, 23 рисунків, 21 таблиць. В магістерській дисертації розглянуто сушарку з псевдозрідженим шаром та удосконалену частину апарату решітку сушарки псевдозрідженого шару. Решітка сушарки псевдозрідженого шару належить до галузі сушильних апаратів, які застосовують у лініях виробництва харчових продуктів та фармацевтичній галузі. Новим є те, що, решітка через яку проходить повітря має похилі отвори, які розташовані по спіралі Архімеда для створення вихрових потоків під час висушування матеріалу. Пропонована решітка сушарки псевдозрідженого шару забезпечує якісне висушування матеріалу та підвищує ефективність роботи даної сушарки. Для підтвердження працездатності та надійності конструкції були проведені тепловий, гідравлічний, конструктивний і міцнісний розрахунки елементів конструкції, було здійснено комп’ютерний аналіз та необхідні розрахунки в програмі «Ansys» для перевірки працездатності апарату. Проведений патентний пошук, за рахунок чого, виконаний порівняльний аналіз основних показників конструкції сушарки з діючими аналогами. Також у проекті розглянуті питання з монтажу та експлуатації теплообмінника. Розрахунки та креслення виконані згідно чинних стандартів, з використанням сучасних системних та інформаційних технологій.
The explanatory note to the diploma project "Modernization of the fluidized bed dryer grid for the study of fluidization process" contains 96 pages, 37 literary sources, 23 drawings, 21 tables. The master's thesis deals with the fluidized bed dryer and the improved part of the apparatus of the fluidized bed dryer grid. The fluidized bed dryer grate belongs to the field of drying apparatus used in food production lines and the pharmaceutical industry. What is new is that the grate through which the air passes has sloping openings, which are arranged in an Archimedes spiral to create vortex flows during material drying. The proposed fluidized bed dryer grille provides high-quality drying of the material and increases the efficiency of the dryer. Thermal, hydraulic, structural and durable calculations of structural elements were carried out to confirm the construction's reliability and reliability, computer analysis and the necessary «Ansys» calculations were performed to verify the machine's performance. A patent search was carried out, whereby a comparative analysis of the main parameters of the design of the dryer with its existing analogues was performed. The project also addresses the issues of installation and operation of the heat exchanger. Calculations and drawings are made according to current standards, using modem system and information technologies.
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ALMEIDA, Marcello Maia de. "Secagem de fatias e pedaços cúbicos de goiaba (Pisidium guajava L)." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2004. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1858.

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Neste trabalho estudou-se inicialmente a secagem de fatias de goiabas cortadas no sentido polar da fruta, os resultados obtidos mostraram que o produto apresentou alterações desfavoráveis a comercialização, apresentando alteração significativa na cor, escurecimento, como também, na textura das fatias. Numa segunda etapa utilizou-se os processos combinados de leito fixo/leito de jorro e de leito fixo/leito fluidizado para a secagem de pedaços cúbicos de goiaba obtidos do mesocarpo da fruta. Inicialmente, fez-se um estudo fluidodinâmico dos pedaços cúbicos de goiaba em leito de jorro e leito fluidizado o qual mostrou a viabilidade do uso dessas técnicas, embora as propriedades físicas do material após pré-secagem em leito fixo tenham afetado sensivelmente a fluidodinâmica dos leitos, os quais sofreram modificações estruturais. No estudo fluidodinâmico em leito de jorro foram determinadas a velocidade mínima de jorro e a altura máxima capaz de manter o jorro estável. Os resultados obtidos experimentalmente foram comparados com correlações da literatura e mostraram boa concordância. Em leito fluidizado determinou-se a velocidade de mínima fluidização experimental os resultados obtidos apresentaram boa com os determinados através de correlações empíricas. Posteriormente, realizou-se um estudo das propriedades físicas, propriedades térmicas e um estudo do equilíbrio higroscópico dos pedaços cúbicos da fruta. Os resultados encontrados da massa específica e do diâmetro mostraram que estes se enquadram na categoria D, segundo a classificação de Geldart, o que favorece a um jorro e fluidização incipiente. Em relação ao estudo do encolhimento dos cubos observou-se um comportamento linear com o volume par todos os níveis de umidade do produto durante a secagem. Contudo, para umidade de 1,5 em base seca, durante a secagem em leito de jorro, duas regiões bem distintas foram caracterizadas pela mudança na inclinação da curva. Em relação às propriedades térmicas estas apresentaram a mesma tendência, ou seja, aumentando com a elevação da umidade passando por um máximo correspondente ao máximo encontrado na massa específica. No estudo do equilíbrio higroscópico, observou-se que as isotermas, dentro da faixa de temperatura estudada, foram ajustadas ao modelo de Henderson apresentando um ajuste satisfatório, não se observando efeito da temperatura. No estudo da cinética de secagem utilizou-se o modelo difusional para esferas, truncado em quatro termos levando-se em conta o efeito do encolhimento, os resultados obtidos para leito fixo/leito de jorro ajustou bem os dados experimentais. Por outro lado, este modelo não prediz satisfatoriamente o comportamento da secagem em leito fixo/leito fluidizado haja vista o fator encolhimento não ter sido utilizado no modelo. O coeficiente de difusão efetivo para níveis de umidades mais elevados apresentaram a mesma ordem de grandeza para ambos os processos independente da altura do leito. A hipótese de controle difusional externo desprezível foi confirmada a partir do número de Biot de massa que foi muito elevado. O desempenho dos secadores foi realizado a partir da determinação das perdas de vitamina C e da eficiência de energética do processo. Verificou-se que a degradação do ácido ascórbico é mais acentuada em leito de fluidizado. Com relação a eficiência energética valores mais elevados foram encontrados em níveis de umidade mais acentuadas. De maneira geral, podemos afirmar que o sistema combinado de secagem de pedaços cúbicos de goiaba aponta de forma promissora para a produção de um novo produto obtido a partir de uma tecnologia simples, obtendo-se produtos com características adequadas à comercialização.
Initially, the objective of this work was to study the drying of whole guava slices cut in the fruit polar direction. The results pointed out that this process introduced adverse aspects for commercialization, such as significant alteration in color, darkness, and slices texture. Looking for a better product quality, studies on combined process fixed bed/spouted bed and fixed bed/fluidized bed for guava cubic pieces drying were performed in a second step. The guava slices were obtained by cutting the fruit pith in approximately 1cm cubic form. A fluid-dynamic study in spouted bed and fluidized bed showed the feasibility of this technique, although the physical properties of guava cubic pieces after pre-drying in fixed bed affected the fluid-dynamics behavior causing structural alteration. The minimum spouting velocity, the maximum spoutable height and the minimum fluidization velocity as well, were determined and the obtained results showed good agreement with literature correlations. In order to characterize the fruit cubic pieces, the physical properties, thermal properties and hygroscopic equilibrium were determined as a function of the moisture content. The results of density and diameter pointed out that the particles were classified as type D according Geldart. In such situation, one may expect a stable spouting with incipient fluidization. In relation to the study of the shrinking and deformation it was observed a linear volume contraction with the moisture reduction at all levels of product moisture content during drying, together with a rapid rounding of the cube vertices. Spite the linear behavior, two distinct regions, limited by 1,5 (db) moisture content, had been observed during the spouted bed drying, characterized by the change in the curve slope. The thermal properties, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat, were measured as a function of moisture content. All three presented the same trend: it was observed a region of increasing value of the property with the moisture content with a maximum in the region of maximum density. The Henderson model was adjusted to the hygroscopic equilibrium isotherms; the results showed a good fitting and little effect of temperature was observed within the studied temperature range. A diffusional model for spheres was proposed to describe the drying kinetics. The Fick's solution, truncated in four terms of the series and including the shrinking effect, was used in the modeling. The fixed bed/spouted bed experimental data showed a good fitting whereas this model does not satisfactorily predict the drying behavior in the fixed bed/fluidized bed system. The failure in this case is probably due to the shrinking factor was not considered in the model for fixed/fluidized bed. The effective diffusion coefficient for high levels of moisture presented the same order of magnitude for both processes, independent of the bed height. The internal diffusional control hypothesis for the mass transfer was then confirmed by the high mass Biot number, calculated for both processes. The driers performance was evaluated by means of analysis of the vitamin C loss and process energetic efficiency. It was verified that the acid ascorbic degradation is more significant in the fluidized bed, probably due to the instable behavior of this configuration. With regard to the energy efficiency higher values were found for the highest moisture content levels. In general, it is concluded that the combined system fixed/spouted or fixed/fluidized bed drying of guava pieces is an expecting suitable process to obtain a new product by a simple technology, getting products with adequate characteristics to the commercialization.
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Books on the topic "Fluidised bed drying"

1

Temple, S. J. Control of fluidized bed tea drying. Wageningen: Wageningen Universiteit, 2000.

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C, Payne R., and Commission of the European Communities. Directorate-General for Science, Research and Development., eds. Production of hot gas for drying processes using fluidised bed combustion of coal. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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Modelling and Experimental Study of Granular Material Drying in a Vibrated Fluidized Bed. Argentina: The Argentine Association of Chemical Engineers, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fluidised bed drying"

1

Bück, Andreas, Robert Dürr, and Nicole Vorhauer. "Feedback Control of Fluidised Bed Drying." In Intelligent Control in Drying, 403–23. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2018. | Series: Advances in drying science & technology: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429443183-20.

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Shilton, N. C., and K. Niranjan. "Puff Drying of Foods in a Fluidised Bed." In Developments in Food Engineering, 337–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2674-2_105.

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Bahu, R. E. "Fluidized bed dryers." In Industrial Drying of Foods, 65–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1123-2_4.

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Suzuki, Kanichi, Masaaki Ikeda, Muneharu Esaka, and Kiyoshi Kubota. "Characteristics of Vibro-Fluidized Bed Freeze Drying." In Drying ’85, 254–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21830-3_32.

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Moriyama, Takashi, Hiroshi Itaya, and Akihiko Nakamura. "A New Fluidized Bed Dryer for Amorphous Slag." In Drying ’85, 390–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21830-3_52.

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Patil, R. T., and Dattatreya M. Kadam. "Hot Air Drying Design: Fluidized Bed Drying." In Handbook of Food Process Design, 542–77. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444398274.ch20.

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Peglow, Mirko, Sergiy Antonyuk, Michael Jacob, Stefan Palzer, Stefan Heinrich, and Evangelos Tsotsas. "Particle Formulation in Spray Fluidized Beds." In Modern Drying Technology, 295–378. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631728.ch20.

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Peglow, Mirko, Sergiy Antonyuk, Michael Jacob, Stefan Palzer, Stefan Heinrich, and Evangelos Tsotsas. "Particle Formulation in Spray Fluidized Beds." In Modern Drying Technology, 295–378. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631667.ch7.

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Tsotsas, Evangelos, Stefan Heinrich, Michael Jacob, Mirko Peglow, and Lothar Mörl. "Intensification of Fluidized-Bed Processes for Drying and Formulation." In Modern Drying Technology, 85–130. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631728.ch32.

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Tsotsas, Evangelos, Stefan Heinrich, Michael Jacob, Mirko Peglow, and Lothar Mörl. "Intensification of Fluidized-Bed Processes for Drying and Formulation." In Modern Drying Technology, 85–130. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631704.ch04.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fluidised bed drying"

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SRINIVASAKANNAN, C., and N. BALASUBRAMANIAM. "BATCH FLUIDISED BED DRYING: ANALYSIS ON KINETIC MODELS." In The Proceedings of the 5th Asia-Pacific Drying Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812771957_0092.

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Zammouri, Amel, N. Boudhrioua Mihoubi, and N. Kechaou. "Comparison between bubbling and turbulent regime for the simulation of batch pharmaceutical powders fluidized bed drying." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7703.

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The two-phase theory has been frequently used to model fluidised bed drying. At high air velocities, a transition from the bubbling regime to the turbulent regime may occur. In this work, we compare a bubbling model and a turbulent model for the simulation of a two pharmaceutical powders drying in a pilot plant and an industrial plant fluidised bed. The bubbling model was based on a discrete variable bubble size. Heat and mass transfer coefficients were based on the Kunii and Levenspiel correlation [1]. Flow regime was supposed to be completely mixed for the emulsion phase. For the turbulent model, the bubble size is not anymore discrete but continuous and bubble phase is less distinguishable than in the bubbling regime. Heat and mass transfer were those proposed by Foka[2]. In addition, the freeboard section was considered since high entrainment is specific of this regime. Gas backmixing was taken into account by considering a plug flow with axial dispersion for the interstitial gas flow. The bubble phase being dilute, was modeled by a plug flow. A plug flow was also considered for the freeboard gas. The solid phase was supposed to be completely mixed. The bubbling regime simulation gave good agreement with experiment in the case of the pilot plant experiment, while the turbulent model better simulated the industrial scale experiment. Key words: batch fluidized bed, pharmaceutical powder, drying, modeling, bubbling, turbulent
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MEOR TALIB, MEOR ZAINAL, SUHAILA BINTI ABDULLAH, WAN RAMLI WAN DAUD, and SITI MASRINDA TASIRIN. "ON-LINE WEB-BASED DESIGN SIMULATOR OF A PLUG FLOW FLUIDISED BED CROSS-FLOW DRYER." In The Proceedings of the 5th Asia-Pacific Drying Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812771957_0091.

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Chen, Guanyi, Gang Li, Michel P. Glazer, Chunlei Zhang, and J. Andries. "Operation of a Circulating Fluidised Bed Biomass Gasifier." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53659.

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Energy generation from the use of biomass is gaining an increasing attention. Gasification of biomass at present, is widely accepted as a popular technical route to produce fuel gas for the application in boilers, engine, gas/micro turbine or fuel cell. Up to now, most of researchers have focused their attentions only on fixed-bed gasification and fluidised bed gasification under air-blown conditions. In that case, the producer gas is contaminated by high tar contents and particles which could lead to the corrosion and wear of blades of turbine. Furthermore, both the technologies, particularly fixed bed gasification, are not flexible for using multiple biomass-fuel types and also not feasible economically and environmentally for large scale application up to 10∼50 MWth. An innovative circulating fluidised bed concept has been considered in our laboratory for biomass gasification thereby overcoming these challenges. The concept combines and integrates partial oxidation, fast pyrolysis (with an instantaneous drying), gasification, and tar cracking, as well as a shift reaction, with the purpose of producing a high quality of gas, in terms of low tar level and particulates carried out in the producer gas, and overall emissions reduction associated with the combustion of producer gas. This paper describes our innovative concept and presents some experimental results. The results indicate that the gas yield can be above 1.80Nm3/kg with the calorific value of 4.5–5.0MJ/Nm3, and the fluctuation of the gas yield during the period of operation is 3.3%–3.5% for the temperature of 750–800 °C. In genera, the results achieved support our concept as a promising alternative for the gasifier coupled with micro/gas turbine to generate electricity.
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Wang, Haigang, Wuqiang Yang, Ian Proctor, Julian Taylor, Alex Marr, and Trevor Page. "Online monitoring and flow regime identification of fluidised bed drying and granulation processes." In 2009 IEEE International Workshop on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ist.2009.5071643.

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A˚mand, Lars-Erik, Bo Leckner, Solvie Herstad Sva¨rd, Marianne Gyllenhammar, David Eskilsson, and Claes Tullin. "Co-Combustion of Pulp- and Paper Sludge With Wood: Emissions of Nitrogen, Sulphur and Chlorine Compounds." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-097.

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Sludge from wastewater treatment plants in five Swedish pulp and paper mills has been burned together with wood in a circulating fluidised bed (CFB) boiler. The sludge was either mechanically dewatered or pre-dried. The mechanically dewatered sludge had to be fed with a pump, but the pre-dried sludge could be fed by the fuel feed system normally used for coal, wood chips or wood pellets. In parallel to the combustion tests in the CFB boiler the sludges were also investigated as single fuels in a small laboratory FB. The Swedish pulp and paper industry produces three major fractions of sludge: pure fibre sludge, sludge produced by employing a precipitation species like ironaluminiumsulphate, and finally, sludge subjected to biological cleaning. The way of production of the sludge influences its content of, for example, nitrogen, sulphur and chlorine, but the composition of the sludge is also influenced by the pulp and paper process. The present measurements show that the concentrations of nitrogen, sulphur and chlorine in the sludge have a great impact on the corresponding gaseous emissions from combustion. Actions to prevent these emissions could be necessary, depending on the origin of the sludge and treatment process used. In the present project all sludges were burned with wood-pellets as the main fuel under identical operating conditions, typical for a CFB boiler. Wood pellets were chosen as a well defined, low-polluting fuel that makes comparison of emissions from the sludges clear. Co-combustion with wood-pellets has the advantage of enabling operation also with wet sludges that cannot be used as single fuels without pre-drying. No actions were taken to improve sulphur and chlorine retention, by for example adding limestone. From a combustion point of view the co-combustion works well with low levels of carbon monoxide present in the flue gas and no light hydrocarbons.
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Ward, John, Roy Garwood, Randall Bowen, Maurice Fisher, and David Gent. "Design and Development of an Improved Air Distributor for a Large Coal-Fired Fluidised Bed Combustor." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67224.

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The air distribution system in a fluidised bed combustor is usually required to provide a reasonably uniform distribution of combustion air over the cross-sectional area of the entire bed. Various designs of distributor have been employed and one of the simplest and cheapest constructions is the so-called sparge pipe system, in which an array of horizontal pipes is fitted near the base of the bed. Combustion air is then supplied to one end of each pipe and enters the bed through a series of downward facing holes positioned along the pipe length. This paper describes the re-design and subsequent modification of an existing sparge pipe distributor for a large coal fired fluidised bed combustor which produced hot exhaust gases for drying of pressed sugar beet pulp. The air flow out of the holes in the existing pipes varied by a factor of approximately 3.8:1 along the length and moreover the overall flow was limited by the high pressure drop within the system. As a result the thermal output of the combustor cannot always meet the demands of the drying process. Excessive erosion and wear of the walls of the pipes near some of the holes can also be a problem. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was undertaken of the flow characteristics of different designs of sparge pipe and the results validated by flow and pressure measurements on full scale laboratory models. The flow distribution was substantially improved and the overall flow rate increased by approximately 7% by varying the hole diameters and spacings between adjacent holes. In addition much greater increases in predicted overall flow rates can be achieved by reducing the thickness of the pipe wall (whilst maintaining a constant outer diameter) although this may reduce the operating life of the pipe because of erosion and excessive wear. Erosion of the outside of the pipes was studied in near ambient temperature fluidised beds using multiple thin layers of different coloured paints on the outside of the pipes to assess the wear patterns. These patterns were found to be similar to those observed on actual sparge pipes at the end of an operating campaign. Quantitative measurements of the rate of wear of the paint layers indicated that pipe wall erosion can be substantially reduced by reducing the angle of inclination of the downward facing holes in the pipes.
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8

Ward, John, Muhammad Akram, and Roy Garwood. "Fluidised Bed Combustion of Blends of Coal and Pressed Sugar Beet Pulp." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44093.

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It can be difficult to burn relatively cheap, poor quality, unprepared biomass materials in industrial heating processes because of their variable composition, relatively low calorific values and high moisture contents. Consequently the stability and efficiency of the combustion process can be adversely affected unless they are co-fired with a hydrocarbon support fuel. There is a lack of information on the “optimum” conditions for co-firing of coal and high moisture biomass as well as on the proportions of support fuel which should be used. This paper is therefore concerned with the pilot scale (<25 kW thermal input) fluidised bed combustion of blends of coal with pressed sugar beet pulp, a solid biomass with an average moisture content of 71%. The experimental work was undertaken in collaboration with British Sugar plc who operate a coal-fired 40 MW thermal capacity fluidised bed producing hot combustion gases for subsequent drying applications. The project studied the combustion characteristics of different coal and pressed pulp blends over a wide range of operating conditions. It was found that stable combustion could only be maintained if the proportion of pulp by mass in the blended fuel was no greater than 50%. However evaporation of the moisture in the pressed pulp cools the bed so that the excess air which is necessary to maintain a specified bed temperature at a fixed thermal input can be reduced as the proportion of biomass in the blended fuel is increased. Therefore, with a 50/50 blend the bed can be operated with 20% less fluidising air and this will be beneficial for the output of the full scale plant since at present the flow rate of the air and hence the amount of coal which can be burnt is restricted by supply system pressure drop limitations. A further benefit of co-firing pressed pulp is that NOx emissions are reduced by about 25%. Agglomeration of the bed can be a problem when co-firing biomass because of the formation of “sticky” low melting point alkali metal silicate eutectics which result in subsequent adhesion of the ash and sand particles. Consequently longer term co-firing tests with a 50/50 blended fuel by mass were undertaken. Problems of bed agglomeration were not observed under these conditions with relatively low levels of alkali metals in the ash.
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9

Kaur, Amanat, Yvan Gariépy, Valérie Orsat, and Vijaya Raghavan. "Microwave assisted fluidized bed drying of celery." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7368.

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The drying kinetics of celery in a microwave assisted fluidized bed dryer was studied at different drying air temperatures (45°C, 55°C and 65°C) and at different initial microwave power densities (0W/g, 1W/g and 2W/g). Dried product quality, product mass, air temperature, air relative humidity, and electric power consumption were used to monitor the performance of the drying process. The results showed that the Midilli-Kucuk model was best in predicting the moisture ratio as a function of drying time. At any given temperature, the utilization of the microwave energy reduced by more than 50% the drying time. Keywords: drying; celery; MWFBD
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10

Yüksel, Hira, Tuğçe Türkoğlu, Hale Baykal, Gülşah Çalışkan Koç, and Safiye Nur Dirim. "The intermittent drying of wheat by microwave and fluidized bed drying." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7467.

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The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of different drying processes (convective hot air, microwave, and fluidized bed drying) and combined drying methods on the drying characteristics and physical properties of the dried wheat and the power consumption of the dryers. The lowest moisture content and water activity values were observed for the 25min of drying in fluidized bed dryer (60°C) and following 16min in microwave dryer (540W). The lowest power consumption was observed in the 60°C-180W fluidized bed-microwave combination (0.77kWh) compared to the other combined trials. Keywords: wheat; convective drying; microwave drying; fluidized bed drying intermittent drying
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Reports on the topic "Fluidised bed drying"

1

Boysen, J. E., C. Y. Cha, F. A. Barbour, T. F. Turner, T. W. Kang, M. H. Berggren, R. F. Hogsett, and M. C. Jha. Development of an advanced process for drying fine coal in an inclined fluidized bed. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6273657.

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Boysen, J., T. Kang, C. Cha, M. Berggren, and M. Jha. Development of an advanced process for drying fine coal in an inclined fluidized bed. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5586826.

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Boysen, J. E., C. Y. Cha, M. H. Berggren, and M. C. Jha. Development of an advanced process for drying fine coal in an inclined fluidized bed: Technical progress report for the second quarter, January 19--March 31, 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6089545.

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