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Academic literature on the topic 'Fluid mosaic model'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fluid mosaic model"

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Jacobson, K., E. Sheets, and R. Simson. "Revisiting the fluid mosaic model of membranes." Science 268, no. 5216 (June 9, 1995): 1441–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7770769.

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Fromherz, Peter. "Spatio-temporal patterns in the fluid-mosaic model of membranes." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 944, no. 1 (September 1988): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(88)90323-9.

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Forslind, B. "A domain mosaic model of the skin barrier." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 74, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555741214.

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The skin barrier primarily protects the body against uncontrolled loss of water and in addition prevents water and matter of the environment from indiscriminately entering the living system. The current concept of the skin barrier suggests that permeability is governed by a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic "channel". To account both for the barrier function and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic pathways through this barrier, we propose a new model, "the domain mosaic model of the skin barrier", which depicts the bulk of the lipids as segregated into crystalline/gel domains bordered by "grain borders" where lipids are in the fluid crystalline state. Such an arrangement provides for an effective "water-tight" barrier that allows a minute and controlled loss of water to keep the corneocytes moistened. In addition the model provides for the necessary mechanical properties permitting bending and stress imposed on the skin surface. Furthermore, the fluid character of the "grain borders" represents areas where lipid and hydrophobic molecules may diffuse through the system on down-hill gradients. It is suggested that in the border areas between the crystalline domains, structural transformations of the lipid organization due to permeation promoters may take place without structural changes in the bulk organization of lipids in the crystalline or gel phase.
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Zhang, Jianbing, Bingwen Jing, Nobuya Tokutake, and Steven L. Regen. "Transbilayer Complementarity of Phospholipids. A Look beyond the Fluid Mosaic Model." Journal of the American Chemical Society 126, no. 35 (September 2004): 10856–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja046892a.

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Nicolson, Garth L., and Gonzalo Ferreira de Mattos. "Fifty Years of the Fluid–Mosaic Model of Biomembrane Structure and Organization and Its Importance in Biomedicine with Particular Emphasis on Membrane Lipid Replacement." Biomedicines 10, no. 7 (July 15, 2022): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071711.

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The Fluid–Mosaic Model has been the accepted general or basic model for biomembrane structure and organization for the last 50 years. In order to establish a basic model for biomembranes, some general principles had to be established, such as thermodynamic assumptions, various molecular interactions, component dynamics, macromolecular organization and other features. Previous researchers placed most membrane proteins on the exterior and interior surfaces of lipid bilayers to form trimolecular structures or as lipoprotein units arranged as modular sheets. Such membrane models were structurally and thermodynamically unsound and did not allow independent lipid and protein lateral movements. The Fluid–Mosaic Membrane Model was the only model that accounted for these and other characteristics, such as membrane asymmetry, variable lateral movements of membrane components, cis- and transmembrane linkages and dynamic associations of membrane components into multimolecular complexes. The original version of the Fluid–Mosaic Membrane Model was never proposed as the ultimate molecular description of all biomembranes, but it did provide a basic framework for nanometer-scale biomembrane organization and dynamics. Because this model was based on available 1960s-era data, it could not explain all of the properties of various biomembranes discovered in subsequent years. However, the fundamental organizational and dynamic aspects of this model remain relevant to this day. After the first generation of this model was published, additional data on various structures associated with membranes were included, resulting in the addition of membrane-associated cytoskeletal, extracellular matrix and other structures, specialized lipid–lipid and lipid–protein domains, and other configurations that can affect membrane dynamics. The presence of such specialized membrane domains has significantly reduced the extent of the fluid lipid membrane matrix as first proposed, and biomembranes are now considered to be less fluid and more mosaic with some fluid areas, rather than a fluid matrix with predominantly mobile components. However, the fluid–lipid matrix regions remain very important in biomembranes, especially those involved in the binding and release of membrane lipid vesicles and the uptake of various nutrients. Membrane phospholipids can associate spontaneously to form lipid structures and vesicles that can fuse with various cellular membranes to transport lipids and other nutrients into cells and organelles and expel damaged lipids and toxic hydrophobic molecules from cells and tissues. This process and the clinical use of membrane phospholipid supplements has important implications for chronic illnesses and the support of healthy mitochondria, plasma membranes and other cellular membrane structures.
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Ohki, Kazuo. "A quarter of century since the proposal of the fluid mosaic membrane model." membrane 21, no. 4 (1996): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.21.220.

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Zhang, Anan, Gaoqiang Peng, Wei Yang, Guanglong Qu, and Huang Huang. "Risk Assessment of Offshore Micro Integrated Energy System Based on Fluid Mosaic Model." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 76715–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2989508.

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Catalá, Angel. "Lipid peroxidation modifies the picture of membranes from the “Fluid Mosaic Model” to the “Lipid Whisker Model”." Biochimie 94, no. 1 (January 2012): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2011.09.025.

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Morange, Michel. "What history tells us XXX. The emergence of the fluid mosaic model of membranes." Journal of Biosciences 38, no. 1 (January 22, 2013): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12038-013-9301-3.

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Fromherz, Peter. "Dissipative Structures of Ion Channels in the Fluid Mosaic Model of a Membrane Cable." Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 92, no. 9 (September 1988): 1010–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.198800252.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fluid mosaic model"

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Iyer, Sahithya S. "Computational Investigation of Heterogeneous Lateral Organisation in Biological Membrane." Thesis, 2020. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4836.

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The study of lateral heterogeneity on membrane surface has come a long way from the fluid mosaic model. Simulations and experimental studies have observed non-random mixing of lipids and proteins in the membrane. In this thesis, we have systematically addressed certain aspects of the current understanding of lateral organisation (summarised above). We believe there is scope for much work in this area. The forefront in investigations of lateral membrane organisation is to do with studying the effect of • membrane lipid and protein asymmetric distribution • cellular environment and physical factors such as presence of glycans, solvation of the membrane and • coupling of membrane lipids and proteins to cortical cytoskeleton on lateral organization in biological membranes. Generating an active model for the membrane which involves studying the coupling of cortical actin meshwork to the lipids and proteins on the membrane to control lateral organisation is a tough problem. With better understanding of physics of active non-equilibrium systems and experimental methods that can image lipid organisation in vivo, we believe we can gain better insights into functional importance of lateral organisation in biological membranes
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Book chapters on the topic "Fluid mosaic model"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Fluid-Mosaic Model." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 893. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13772.

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Stillwell, William. "Basic Membrane Properties of the Fluid Mosaic Model." In An Introduction to Biological Membranes, 131–74. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-52153-8.00009-x.

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Stillwell, William. "Basic Membrane Properties of the Fluid Mosaic Model." In An Introduction to Biological Membranes, 135–80. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63772-7.00009-9.

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Obladen, Michael. "Hepar uterinum." In Oxford Textbook of the Newborn, edited by Michael Obladen, 11–16. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198854807.003.0002.

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The means of fetal nutrition has been debated for over two millennia, with the controversy of oral versus parenteral nutrition already in the Corpus Hippocraticum. In 1587, Aranzio rejected connections between maternal and fetal blood vessels, and coined the term hepar uterinum for the placenta. From the 16th to 18th century, fervent debate focused on the type and extent of connection between maternal and fetal vessels. But up to the middle of the 19th century, an important nutritive function was attributed to amniotic fluid. When with the discovery of oxygen the placenta’s respiratory function became understood, its nutritional function fell from grace. Most scientists realized reluctantly that the organ had numerous functions. As late as the 19th century, the advent of microscopy allowed cell theory to develop, and analytical chemistry furthered the understanding of the transport of nutrients across the placenta. The identification of the syncytiotrophoblast made passive diffusion unlikely. Radioisotopes, molecular biology, and the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane revealed active transport mechanisms for nearly all macronutrients.
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Dagnino, Giovanni Battista. "The Academic Incubator as a Fluid Mosaic: An Ecological Interpretive Framework." In Start-ups and Start-up Ecosystems: Theories, Models and Case Studies in the Mediterranean Area, 79–89. ASERS Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/sse.2015.ch4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fluid mosaic model"

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Ge, Jian, Dalin Zhang, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, and G. H. Su. "Coupled Analysis of Thermal Hydraulics and Neutronics for a Molten Salt Reactor." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67042.

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As one of the six selected optional innovative nuclear reactor in the generation IV International Forum (GIF), the Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) adopts liquid salt as nuclear fuel and coolant, which makes the characteristics of thermal hydraulics and neutronics strongly intertwined. Coupling analysis of neutronics and thermal hydraulics has received considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, a new coupling method is introduced based on the Finite Volume Method (FVM), which is widely used in the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology. Neutron diffusion equations and delayed neutron precursors balance equations are discretized and solved by the commercial CFD package FLUENT, along with continuity, momentum and energy equations simultaneously. A Temporal And Spatial Neutronics Analysis Model (TASNAM) is developed using the User Defined Functions (UDF) and User Defined Scalar (UDS) in FLUENT. A neutronics benchmark is adopted to demonstrate the solution capability for neutronics problems using the method above. Furthermore, a steady state coupled analysis of neutronics and thermal hydraulics for the Molten Salt Advanced Reactor Transmuter (MOSART) is performed. Two groups of neutrons and six groups of delayed neutron precursors are adopted. Distributions of the liquid salt velocity, temperature, neutron flux and delayed neutron precursors in the core are obtained and analyzed. This work can provide some valuable information for the design and research of MSRs.
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LeBlanc, David. "Molten Salt Reactors: A New Beginning for an Old Idea." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75388.

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Molten Salt Reactors have seen a marked resurgence of interest over the past decade, highlighted by their inclusion as one of six Generation IV reactor types. The most active development period however was between the late 1950s and early 1970s at Oak Ridge National Laboratories (ORNL) and any new re-examination of this concept must bear in mind the far different priorities then in place. High breeding ratios and short doubling times were paramount and this guided the evolution of the Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR) program. As the inherent advantages of the Molten Salt concept have become apparent to an increasing number of researchers worldwide it is important to not simply look to continue where ORNL left off but to return to basics in order to offer the best design using updated goals and abilities. A prime example being the trend towards removal of graphite moderation from the central core, as evident in recent French work on the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) and Russian efforts towards the Molten Salt Actinide Recycler and Transmuter (MOSART). Another major change to the traditional Single Fluid, Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR) design and the primary subject of this presentation is a return to the mode of operation that ORNL had in mind for the majority of its MSR program. That being the Two Fluid design in which separate salts are used for fissile 233UF4 and fertile ThF4. Oak Ridge abandoned this promising route due to what was known as the “plumbing problem”. It will be shown that a simple yet crucial modification to core geometry can in fact solve this problem and allow the great advantages of the Two Fluid design that ORNL had sought for many years. It will also be shown that this updated design can be started on Low Enriched Uranium with a simple transition to a pure Th-233U cycle which removes the need for shipping proliferation sensitive material and relieves the constrictions on large scale start up due to limited supplies of Pu or 233U. In addition, another promising route laid out by ORNL was simplified Single Fluid converter reactors that could obtain far superior lifetime uranium utilization than LWR or CANDU without the need for any fuel processing beyond simple chemistry control. Updates and potential improvements to this attractive concept will also be explored.
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