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Academic literature on the topic 'Fluid-Grain'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Fluid-Grain"

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KUROBE, Toshiji, Kazuhiro SHIMENO, and Osamu IMANAKA. "Grain number controlled lapping with magnetic fluid." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 54, no. 8 (1988): 1525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.54.1525.

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Chareyre, Bruno, Chao Yuan, Eduard P. Montella, and Simon Salager. "Toward multiscale modelings of grain-fluid systems." EPJ Web of Conferences 140 (2017): 09027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714009027.

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King, P. J., P. Lopez-Alcaraz, H. A. Pacheco-Martinez, C. P. Clement, A. J. Smith, and M. R. Swift. "Instabilities in vertically vibrated fluid-grain systems." European Physical Journal E 22, no. 3 (January 17, 2007): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/e2007-00001-6.

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Shi, Run, Huaiguang Xiao, Chengmeng Shao, Mingzheng Huang, and Lei He. "Study on the Influence of Geometric Characteristics of Grain Membranes on Permeability Properties in Porous Sandstone." Membranes 11, no. 8 (July 31, 2021): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080587.

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Studying the influence of grain characteristics on fluid flow in complex porous rock is one of the most important premises to reveal the permeability mechanism. Previous studies have mainly investigated the fluid flow laws in complex rock structures using an uncontrollable one single parameter of natural rock models or oversimplified control group models. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel method to reconstruct models that can independently control one single parameter of rock grain membranes based on mapping and reverse-mapping ideas. The lattice Boltzmann method is used to analyze the influence of grain parameters (grain radius, space, roundness, orientation, and model resolution) on the permeability characteristics (porosity, connectivity, permeability, flow path, and flow velocity). Results show that the grain radius and space have highly positive and negative correlations with permeability properties. The effect of grain roundness and resolution on permeability properties shows a strong regularity, while grain orientation on permeability properties shows strong randomness. This study is of great significance to reveal the fluid flow laws of natural rock structures.
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Selim, Mustafa I., Saleh H. El-Sharkawy, and William J. Popendorf. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Fumonisin B1from Grain Dust." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44, no. 10 (January 1996): 3224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf940468j.

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Bottmann, Craig. "Thermal fluctuations in interfaces: From fluid-fluid interfaces to small-angle grain boundaries." Materials Science and Engineering 81 (August 1986): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(86)90292-2.

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Enger, K., M. G. Mousavi, and A. Safari. "Mathematical modelling of fluid flow in electromagnetically stirred weld pool." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1201, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1201/1/012025.

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Abstract In this paper, a mathematical model has been proposed to study the relationship between electromagnetic stirring (EMS) weld parameters and the mode of fluid flow on grain refinement of AA 6060 weldments. For this purpose, fluid flow modelling using Navier-Stokes equation is described first, and then, the proposed mathematical approach has been discussed in detail. For demonstration, calculations to determine the fluid velocity in the weld pool of thin plate AA6060 were performed. The application of the model on the experimental results indicates that the best grain refinement is achieved at a transition mode from laminar to turbulent fluid flow.
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Wang, Honggui, and Hao Zhou. "Bulk Grain Cargo Hold Condensation Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (November 30, 2023): 12878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312878.

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In order to assess whether condensation will occur on the shipside of a bulk grain cargo hold during transportation at sea, this paper has established a ventilation model for the bulk cargo hold of the ship, and optimized the model according to the characteristics of the solid bulk grain stowed on a moving ship at sea. The temperature field, micro-airflow field and relative humidity field of the bulk grain in a cargo hold are simulated by using fluent software (v.2020). Incorporating the impact of grain moisture exchange, the Equilibrium Relative Humidity (ERH) method is introduced alongside the Dew Point (DP) method to determine the condensation on the shipside of the cargo hold. The results of simulation are in agreement with the practical observation results obtained from an actual ship with a heavy cargo damage claim. Conclusively, this paper finds that the risk of the condensation on the shipside of a bulk grain cargo hold always exists if the inner part of the shipside is directly in contact with the grain. Meanwhile, when the grain temperature near the shipside decreases, the moisture in the cargo hold will migrate to the shipside due to the temperature gradient. Furthermore, the longer the voyage, the more obvious the migration of moisture from the central part of the bulk grain to the shipside, and the greater the risk of condensation.
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Su, Chong, Li Da Zhu, and Wan Shan Wang. "Simulation Research on Cutting Process of Single Abrasive Grain." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 3123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.3123.

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Cutting processes of single abrasive grain were simulated respectively by fluid-solid interaction method and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method. Advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were compared. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method is superior to fluid-solid interaction method in simulating the deformation behavior of workpiece material for the motion of SPH particles. According to the simulation results, it is concluded that workpiece material occurs plastic deformation, flows to the side and front owing to the extrusion of abrasive grain, and finally forms chip in front of abrasive grain.
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Kruhl, Jörn H., Richard Wirth, and Luiz F. G. Morales. "Quartz grain boundaries as fluid pathways in metamorphic rocks." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 118, no. 5 (May 2013): 1957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50099.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fluid-Grain"

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Schmatz, Joyce [Verfasser]. "Grain-boundary – fluid inclusion interaction in rocks and analogues / Joyce Schmatz." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101649324X/34.

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Lopes, Marco A. F. "Hydration of Colonic Ingesta and Feces in Horses Fed Large Grain Meals or Treated with Enteral Fluid Therapy, Saline Cathartics and Intravenous Fluid Therapy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29338.

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Systemic hydration, plasma electrolytes, ingesta and fecal hydration and gastrointestinal passage of cobalt (after CoEDTA administration via nasogastric tube) in horses fed large grain meals or treated with enteral fluid therapy, IV fluid therapy and enteral laxatives were investigated. In the first study, 0.9% NaCl (10 L/h/8h) was administered slowly via a small-bore nasogastric tube or as 10 L boluses via a large-bore nasogastric tube to four normal horses. In the other studies, horses with a right dorsal colon fistula were used. To create the right dorsal colon fistula, a cannula with 5 cm internal diameter was implanted 2 to 6 weeks after a right dorsal colopexy had been created. Six horses with the right dorsal colostomy were alternately used to test three feeding regimes for 48 h: 1- hay free choice; 2- hay free choice plus 4.5 kg of sweet feed twice daily after a period of 5 days of adaptation; 3- sudden change from hay to hay plus sweet feed. Seven horses with the right dorsal colostomy were alternately used to test 6 experimental conditions while fasted for 24 h: 1- control (no treatment), 2- enteral MgSO4 (1 g/kg), 3- enteral Na2SO4 (1 g/kg), 4- IV lactated Ringer's solution (5 L/h/12 h), 5- enteral water (5 L/h/12 h), 6- enteral electrolyte solution (5 L/h/12 h). In the last study, four horses with the right dorsal colostomy were alternately treated with enteral electrolyte solution (10 L/h/6h) and enteral MgSO4 (1 g/kg) plus IV fluid therapy (10 L/h/6h). Despite the administration regimen, enteral administration of 0.9% NaCl produced diarrhea, hypernatremia and hyperchloremia. Colostomy allowed serial collection of large ingesta samples. Grain ingestion did not change PCV or plasma protein, but affected plasma electrolytes and produced dehydration of ingesta and formation of frothy ingesta. Fasting delayed gastrointestinal transit. Enteral fluid therapy was the most effective treatment in promoting ingesta hydration. Enteral water, MgSO4, Na2SO4, IV fluid therapy and enteral MgSO4 plus IV fluid therapy were either ineffective in promoting ingesta hydration or produced marked plasma electrolyte imbalance. These findings support the use of enteral fluid therapy in horses with gastrointestinal impaction.
Ph. D.
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Meng, Xiannan [Verfasser], Yongqi [Akademischer Betreuer] Wang, and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberlack. "Dynamical modelling and numerical simulation of grain-fluid mixture flows / Xiannan Meng ; Yongqi Wang, Martin Oberlack." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/112881983X/34.

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Schenk, Oliver [Verfasser]. "Grain boundary structure in minerals and analogues during recrystallization in the presence of a fluid phase / Oliver Schenk." Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1170528848/34.

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Jain, Antone Kumar. "Preferential mode of gas invasion in sediments : grain-scale model of coupled multiphase fluid flow and sediment mechanics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51625.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-79).
We present a discrete element model for simulating, at the grain scale, gas migration in brine-saturated deformable media. We rigorously account for the presence of two fluids in the pore space by incorporating forces on grains due to pore fluid pressures, and surface tension between fluids. This model, which couples multiphase fluid flow with sediment mechanics, permits investigating the upward migration of gas through a brine-filled sediment column. We elucidate the ways in which gas migration may take place: (1) by capillary invasion in a rigid-like medium; and (2) by initiation and propagation of a fracture. We find that grain size is the main factor controlling the mode of gas transport in the sediment, and show that coarse-grain sediments favor capillary invasion, whereas fracturing dominates in fine-grain media. The results have important implications for understanding vent sites and pockmarks in the ocean floor, deep sub-seabed storage of carbon dioxide, and gas hydrate accumulations in ocean sediments and permafrost regions. Our results predict that, in fine sediments, hydrate will likely form in veins following a fracture-network pattern. In coarse sediments, the buoyant methane gas is likely to invade the pore space more uniformly, in a process akin to invasion percolation, and the overall pore occupancy is likely to be much higher than for a fracture-dominated regime. These implications are consistent with laboratory experiments and field observations of methane hydrates in natural systems.
by Antone Kumar Jain.
S.M.
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Brauer, Nancy A. "Fluid inclusions as a monitor of progressive grain-scale deformation during cooling of the Papoose Flat pluton, eastern California." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36556.

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Analyses of fluid inclusions and microstructures within the Papoose Flat pluton were used to investigate the chemistry and temperatures of fluids circulating with the pluton during cooling. Based on previous microstructural analyses, the interior of this late Cretaceous granitic to granodioritic pluton has been divided into three domains: i) a central core characterized by magmatic microstructures, ii) a middle domain of high temperature (>500°C) solid-state deformation, and iii) an outermost domain characterized by relatively low temperature (<5000°C) solid-state deformation. According to previously published anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility analyses and pluton cooling models, plastic flow occurred in both the outer part of the pluton and within its aureole rocks while the core of the pluton was still molten. Solid-state deformation is proposed to have stopped when the pluton interior cooled through its solidus less than 100,000 years after magma emplacement.

Microstructural analysis of samples from all three domains confirmed the transition from magmatic flow in the core of the pluton to solid-state deformation at the pluton margin. However, weakly developed solid-state microstructures overprint the dominant magmatic microstructures in samples from the core domain. The existence of solid-state microstructures in all three domains indicates that deformation continued during and after crystallization of the interior of the pluton.

Two phase, low salinity (< 26 wt% NaCl equivalent), liquid-rich aqueous fluid inclusions predominate within both quartz and feldspar grains in all samples. Throughout the pluton, the majority of fluid inclusions are hosted by deformed grains. Feldspar-hosted primary inclusions are associated with sericitic alteration. Inclusions were also observed in feldspar as secondary or pseudosecondary inclusions along fractures. Inclusions in quartz are frequently found near lobate grain boundaries or near triple junctions; linear pseudosecondary inclusion assemblages are commonly truncated against lobate boundaries between adjacent quartz grains, indicating that discrete microcracking events occurred during plastic deformation.

Homogenization temperatures overlap for all three microstructural domains. Coexisting andalusite and cordierite in the contact aureole, and the intersection of the Mus + Qtz dehydration reaction with the granite solidus, indicate trapping pressures between 3.8 and 4.2 kb. Ninety-eight percent of the calculated fluid inclusion trapping temperatures at 3.8 - 4.2 kb are below the granite solidus of 650°C. Seventy-six percent of the trapping temperature data fall within the more restricted range of 350-500°C; i.e. at temperatures which are lower than the commonly cited brittle-ductile transition temperatures for feldspar at natural strain rates, but above those for quartz. No correlation could be established between trapping temperatures and either host mineral or microstructural domain within the pluton.

The similar, relatively low trapping temperatures indicate that the majority of inclusions preserved in all three domains were trapped during the late low strain magnitude stages of solid-state deformation. The most common fluid inclusion trapping temperatures (400-500°C) in all three microstructural domains are similar to the deformation temperatures indicated by microstructures and crystal fabrics in the outer part of the pluton; these trapping temperatures are obviously lower than temperatures associated with contemporaneous solid state and magmatic flow in the pluton interior. The similar trapping temperatures within the pluton core and margin must indicate that the inclusion-trapping event migrated from the margin to the core of the pluton as it cooled, because fluid inclusions would rapidly equilibrate to a density appropriate for the PT conditions of their host minerals.
Master of Science

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Mat, Isa Zaiton. "Mathematical modelling of fumigant transport in stored grain." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/75420/1/Zaiton_Mat%20Isa_Thesis.pdf.

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Computational fluid dynamics, analytical solutions, and mathematical modelling approaches are used to gain insights into the distribution of fumigant gas within farm-scale, grain storage silos. Both fan-forced and tablet fumigation are considered in this work, which develops new models for use by researchers, primary producers and silo manufacturers to assist in the eradication grain storage pests.
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SPINELLI, SARA. "Study of Microencapsulated Bioactive Compounds in Food Products." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/363063.

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Nowadays, consumers are increasingly aware of diet related health problems and therefore demand natural and safe ingredients as an alternative to synthetic substances, which are commonly used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. This idea is supported by the consumer’s concern about the safety of products containing synthetic chemicals because these synthetic molecules are suspected to cause or promote negative health effects. Recent studies showed that phenolic and carotenoid compounds are important bioactive compounds with human health benefits. However, the development of new functional foods requires technologies for incorporating these ingredients into food in order to use and protect sensitive food components, to ensure protection against nutritional loss, to mask or preserve flavors/aromas and transform liquids into easy to handle solid ingredients. In many cases, microencapsulation can provide the necessary protection for these compounds and among various techniques that can be employed to form microcapsules, spray drying appears to be a well-established and widely used technique. In this contest, propolis, one of the few natural remedies that has maintained its popularity over a long period of time, represents a widely available natural substance very rich in bioactive compounds that have plenty of biological and pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasite activities, among others. Moreover, it is well known that by-products of plant origin represent also an abundant source of sugars, minerals, organic acid, dietary fibre and phenolics which have a wide range of action which includes antitumoral, antiviral, antibacterial, cardio protective and antimutagenic activities for which, however, strategies for their extraction must be developed. With increasing concerns over the use of organic solvents and their disposal, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), with carbon dioxide (CO2) as solvent and ethanol (EtOH) as co-solvent, is becoming a promising alternative. In particular, due to low cost and high content of value-added products, such as ferulic and pcoumaric acids, brewer’s spent grain, the major by-product of brewing industry, produced in large quantities annually and generally used as feeding stuff, can be used as an attractive adjunct in human nutrition. Moreover, by-products of orange fruits processing industries represent also a promising sources of materials which may be used in the food industry because of their valuable technological and nutritional properties. Hence, the aim of the study was to enhance the antioxidant properties of fish burgers with microencapsulated propolis and extracts from brewer’s spent grain and orange by-products. In particular, spray-drying process was used to microencapsulate propolis (30 g in 100 mL of ethanol 70% v/v) by means of gum Arabic and Capsul in different ratios (1:6 for gum Arabic and Capsul and then 1:20 just for Capsul). Once defined the optimal microencapsulation conditions, an alcohol-free powder able to mask the strong odor of propolis was obtained, thus promoting a potential food application as source of phenolics and antioxidants. Specifically, 5% w/w of spraydried propolis was incorporated in fish burgers. To improve their sensory properties, new ingredients such as potato flakes (3%, 5%, 7% and 10% w/w) and extra virgin olive oil (9% w/w) were tested and optimized to give a final fish product with good acceptability. Proper tests on burgers also demonstrated an effective increase of both phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Then, to extract bioactive compounds from brewer’s spent grain (BSG9 a proper supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was found. The effects of three factors including pressure (15–35 MPa), temperature (40–60°C) and ethanol concentration (0–60%, v/v) were investigated. Among the extraction variables, the best conditions (35 MPa of pressure, 40°C of temperature and 60% ethanol) were found considering the criterion of maximum concentration of phenolic compounds (0.35 ± 0.01 mg/g BSG), flavonoids (0.22 ± 0.01 mg/g BSG) and antioxidant potential, evaluated by the ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical (2.09 ± 0.04%/g BSG). After, the optimal BSG extract was microencapsulated and finally added to the fish-burger formulation. In particular, microencapsulation was performed by means of a spray-drying, using Capsul as wall material, and modifying inlet temperatures (90-120-150°C) and ratios between extract and carrier (1:2; 1:4; 1:6; 1:8). Lastly, a sensory evaluation on the fish-burgers prepared with the different bioactive powders was carried out in order to establish the best combination of operating parameters. The sample with 5% microencapsulated BSG extract and Capsul solution in ratio equal to 1:2 at 150°C was chosen as the best compromise according to chemical characterization of active powder and sensory evaluation of sample. To finish, the antioxidant properties of fish burger with microencapsulated BSG extract were compared to the control. Results confirmed the potential use of BSG as food ingredient to increase the nutritional quality of fish burgers. Finally, the potential use of orange by-products, traditionally used as molasses for animal feed, fibre (pectin) and for fuel production, as a source of functional compounds and their application in fish burger has been demonstrated. Two SFE and spray drying techniques were comparing; in particular have been used methods found in the literature and techniques identified previously for the BSG, that appeared the best thanks to a final product of good quality with a higher polyphenols, flavonoids and carotenoids content. Then, different percentages of this powder were added to the fish burger until its overall sensory quality reached sensory threshold. 5% of powder represented the highest concentration to be used; in fact fish-burger loaded with this percentage showed both overall quality statistically similar to that of the control sample and an increase of bioactive compound content
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Polania, Oscar. "Polydispersity in Granular Flows : Exploring Effects in Dry and Submerged Environments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS061.

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Les écoulements granulaires sont des systèmes complexes et évolutifs dans lesquels les grains interagissent entre eux et, s'ils sont immergés, avec un fluide. Ces écoulements se produisent à différentes vitesses et contraintes, et peuvent se comporter comme des solides, des liquides ou même des gaz. Les écoulements granulaires sont impliqués dans de nombreux phénomènes et à de nombreuses échelles, depuis les écoulements de masse géophysiques tels que les glissements de terrain, les écoulements pyroclastiques et les avalanches de neige, jusqu'aux processus industriels tels que les produits pharmaceutiques, la production alimentaire et la construction. Par souci de simplicité, les écoulements granulaires sont généralement étudiés avec une distribution monodisperse de grains. Cependant, parmi ces écoulements, les grains impliqués dans ces processus ont des tailles différentes, une propriété appelée polydispersité.Cette thèse se concentre sur l'étude des écoulements granulaires et sur l'influence de la polydispersité sur les écoulements granulaires. Nous explorons l'effet de la polydispersité sur les écoulements à faible inertie et à forte inertie. En outre, nous étudions les écoulements granulaires secs et immergés dans la configuration d'effondrement de la colonne granulaire.Nous étudions les écoulements granulaires avec de méthodes expérimentales et numériques. Les simulations numériques des écoulements granulaires sont réalisées à l'aide de méthodes d'éléments discrets (DEM) et, pour les cas immergés, nous utilisons une méthode d'éléments finis couplée à des DEM. Nous menons également une campagne expérimentale dans l'appareil d'essai triaxial où nous faisons varier le niveau de polydispersité, dans le but d'étudier la résistance des matériaux granulaires polydispersés dans des conditions quasi-statiques. En outre, nous procédons à la modélisation physique des écoulements gravitaires immergés et secs dans la colonne granulaire. Notre objectif est d'explorer l'influence de la polydispersité sur les écoulements et d'identifier l'influence de la pression du fluide sur la mobilité. Pour les expériences, nous utilisons des grains sphériques, en nous concentrant exclusivement sur l'effet de la polydispersité sur les écoulements granulaires.Nos résultats nous permettent de conclure que la résistance au cisaillement des matériaux granulaires est indépendante de la polydispersité, depuis une condition quasistatique jusqu'à une condition de forte inertie. Pour des conditions d'inertie très importantes, la résistance au cisaillement des matériaux polydispersés est plus faible que celle des matériaux monodispersés. Nous avons constaté que cette différence provient de variations distinctes des paramètres géométriques et de force appartenant au réseau de contact et de force. En outre, nous démontrons que les écoulements granulaires immergés sont fortement influencés par une augmentation des niveaux de polydispersité. Nous montrons que la différence entre les matériaux monodispersés et polydispersés provient essentiellement de différentes évolutions de la pression de base du fluide. L'initiation des écoulements polydisperses est retardée par rapport aux écoulements monodisperses, en raison d'une variation négative soutenue de la pression du fluide avec une grande amplitude. Ensuite, lorsque l'écoulement se dépose, les systèmes polydisperses atteignent des distances plus longues en raison de la génération d'une pression interstitielle excédentaire qui dure plus longtemps que la pression interstitielle excédentaire provoquée par les systèmes monodisperses. Enfin, nous proposons un modèle qui relie l'énergie cinétique à la mobilité des écoulements granulaires, qui s'applique à différents niveaux de polydispersité et qui a été validé avec succès par des simulations et des expériences. Les résultats de cette thèse apportent de nouvelles connaissances sur le rôle de la polydispersité dans les écoulements granulaires secs et immergés
Granular flows are complex and evolving systems where grains interact with each other and, if immersed, interact with an ambient fluid. These flows occur at different velocities and state variables, and could behave like solids, liquids or even gases. Granular flows are involved in many circumstances and scales, from geophysical mass flows such as landslides, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, and snow avalanches, to industrial processes like pharmaceuticals, food production, and construction. For simplicity, granular flows are commonly studied with a monodisperse distribution of grains (e.i., grains with nearly the same size); however, among these flows, the grains involved in these processes have different sizes, a property termed as polydispersity.This thesis focuses on the study of granular flows and, specifically, on the influence that polydispersity has on granular flows. We explore the effect that polydispersity has on steady flows with low inertia, where granular materials can be considered as solids, and high inertia, where granular materials can be considered as fluids. Additionally, we study dry and immersed granular flows in the granular column collapse configuration, that is a benchmark geometry for studying granular flows with phases of acceleration and deceleration.We study granular flows by means of experimental and numerical methods. The numerical simulations of granular flows are done with discrete element methods (DEM) and, for immersed cases, we use a coupled finite element method (FEM) with DEM. We also conduct a controlled experimental campaign in the triaxial test apparatus where we systematically vary the polydispersity level, aiming to study the strength of polydisperse granular materials in quasi-static conditions. Furthermore, we do the physical modelling of immersed and dry gravity-driven flows in the granular column collapse configuration. Our goal is to explore the influence of polydispersity on granular flows and to identify the influence of the basal fluid pressure on the mobility of granular flows. For the experiments, we use spherical beads, exclusively focusing on the effect that size polydispersity has on granular flows.Our results allow us to conclude that the shear strength of granular materials is independent of the size polydispersity from a quasistatic condition to a condition of high inertia. For very large inertial conditions, the shear strength of polydisperse materials is smaller compared to that of monodisperse materials. We found that this difference arises from distinct variations in geometric and force parameters belonging to the contact and force network. Additionally, we provide evidence that immersed granular flows are strongly influenced by an increase in polydispersity levels. We show that the difference between monodisperse and polydisperse materials essentially arises from different evolutions of the basal fluid pressure. The initiation of polydisperse flows is delayed compared to monodisperse flows, due to a sustained negative fluid pressure change with large amplitude. Then, as the flow deposits, polydisperse systems reach longer runout distances due to the generation of exceeding pore pressure that lasts longer than the exceeding pore pressure provoked by monodisperse systems. Finally, we propose a model that links flow kinetic energy with the mobility of granular flows, which applies to different polydispersity levels, and has been successfully validated through simulations and experiments. The results of this thesis provide new insights into the role of polydispersity in both dry and immersed granular flows
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Meskar, Mahmoud. "Treatment of Petroleum Contaminated Soil using Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) Technology." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37393.

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In Canada, about 60% of contaminated sites involve petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination and most of these sites have been abandoned due to contamination. Among current technologies used for soil remediation, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a relatively recent and potentially viable method. The main aim of this research was to investigate the application of SFE for removal of PHCs from contaminated soils. In the first phase, the effects of SFE operational parameters including fluid pressure, fluid temperature, time duration and mode of extraction on the removal efficiency of PHCs from a spiked sandy soil (with diesel fuel with a ratio of 5 wt%) were investigated. SFE experiments were performed at different pressures (15, 33 and 50 MPa) and temperatures (30, 75 and 120 °C). The combination of 10 min static mode followed by 10 min dynamic mode, repeated for 3 cycles (60 min in total) led to the highest PHC removal percentage. According to response surface methodology (RSM), the optimum pressure and temperature were found to be 50 MPa and 69.3 °C, respectively. According to experimental results, the optimum combination of pressure and temperature determined to be 33 MPa and 75 °C; which resulted in the extraction percentages of 99.2%, 91.7% and 86.1% for PHC F2, F3 and F4 fractions, respectively. In the second phase, the influence of several parameters including soil water content, soil pH and addition of modifier on PHCs removals from a field-contaminated sandy soil using SFE were experimentally investigated. SFE experiments were performed at 33 MPa pressure and temperatures of 45 and 75 °C. Three water content levels of 8%, 14% and 20% at two levels of pH 6.5 and 7.5 were investigated. The extraction of total petroleum hydrocarbon fractions (TPHF), the sum of F2, F3, and F4 fractions, decreased due to the increase in the water content from 8% to 20% at both pH 6.5 and 7.5. The difference of extractions of all PHC fractions at pH values of 6.5 and 7.5 were not statistically significant (at p < 0.05 confidence level) at all three water content levels and pH did not have a significant influence on the PHC removal efficiency. Addition of acetone as a modifier (33.7% TPHF removal) was more effective than hexanes (24.3% TPHF removal) to decrease the concentrations of PHCs for the field contaminated soil. In the third phase, the influence of soil texture and grain size on the extraction of PHC fractions was investigated. SFE experiments were performed at 33 MPa pressure and 75 °C temperature. Three types of soils (soil A, B and C) were spiked with diesel fuel with a ratio of 5 wt%. Soil A, B and C had different particle sizes and were categorized as sand, silt loam and clay, respectively. Soil A (sand) which had the largest particle size resulted in the highest TPHF removal percentage while soil C (clay) with the smallest particle size led to the lowest TPHF removal percentage. A higher clay content in soil C resulted in a lower extraction of PHCs. In the fourth phase, the effects of pressure and temperature on the extraction of PHC fractions from a clay soil spiked with diesel fuel with a ratio of 5 wt% were investigated. SFE experiments were performed at three pressures (15, 33 and 50 MPa) and temperatures (30, 75 and 120 °C). According to the statistical analysis including factorial design and RSM, the optimized combination of pressure and temperature was selected at 42.8 MPa and 120 °C; which resulted in the removal percentages of 74.9% and 65.6% for PHC F2 and F3 fractions, respectively. The optimum combination of pressure and temperature based on the experimental results was selected at 33 MPa and 120 °C that led to 70.3%, 58.4% and 32.6% removal of PHC F2, F3 and F4 fractions, respectively.
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Books on the topic "Fluid-Grain"

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The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Steel and Aluminum Fluid Milk Shipping and Delivery Containers and Sheet Metal Grain Bins and Vats Excluding Crates, Drying Floors, Fans, and Heaters. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Steel and Aluminum Fluid Milk Shipping and Delivery Containers and Sheet Metal Grain Bins and Vats Excluding Crates, Drying Floors, Fans, and Heaters. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Djurfeldt, Agnes Andersson. Gender and Rural Livelihoods: Agricultural Commercialization and Farm/Non-Farm Diversification. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799283.003.0004.

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This chapter examines possible discrimination against female farm managers with respect to prices or market segmentation. Patterns of commercialization are fluid. Particular countries stand out with respect to certain crops, however: for maize, a growing bias against female farm managers can be noted in Zambia. Mozambique, Malawi, and to a lesser extent Tanzania stand out in terms of non-grain food crops, where market participation by male farm managers had increased relative to female-headed households. Poorer commercial possibilities are tied strongly to production factors, where lack of labour and land prevent the generation of a marketable surplus. An important distinction is that between women who manage their own farms and women who live in households headed by men: for the former the lack of access to agrarian resources prevents generation of a marketable surplus for the latter the outcomes from sales are controlled by their husbands.
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Book chapters on the topic "Fluid-Grain"

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Knauth, Markus. "Pathways Through Pressure-Driven Percolation in Salt Rock." In SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences, 47–60. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26493-1_3.

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AbstractUnder undisturbed conditions and in the absence of significant impurities or intercalations (e.g. anhydrite) rock salts are considered to be tight against fluid or gas pressures, which stems from their crystalline structure composed of strongly viscoplastic, impermeable salt grains grown together at their grain boundaries (Minkley et al. 2013, 2015).
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Bosco, Alessandro, Roland Kaitna, Marina Pirulli, Oldrich Hungr, Manuel Pastor, and Claudio Scavia. "Numerical Simulation of Shallow Grain-Fluid Flows in a Rotating Drum." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 1663–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_295.

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Eberle, R. "Continuous Casting Simulation: From Solidification and Fluid Flow to the Calculation of Grain Structures." In Continuous Casting, 226–33. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527607969.ch31.

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Norman, Kevin N. T., and Sean H. W. Panton. "Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction for the Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Grain and Dried Foodstuffs." In Pesticide Protocols, 311–17. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-929-x:311.

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Han, Xiangdong, Chao Wang, Youchao Yang, Weiguo Zhao, and Pengjun Fan. "Numerical Investigation on Effects of Solid Grain Concentrations on Cavitation Evolution Around NACA0015 Hydrofoil." In Proceedings of the International Conference of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Control Engineering (ICFPMCE 2022), 273–81. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-022-0_24.

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"Fluid-grain coupling." In Geomechanics from Micro to Macro, 1449. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17395-262.

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"Fluid-grain coupling." In Geomechanics from Micro to Macro, 483–568. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17395-27.

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"Fluid-grain coupling." In Geomechanics from Micro to Macro, 459. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17395-82.

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Zhang, Xing, and David J. Sanderson. "Grain Scale Flow of Fluid in Fractured Rocks." In Numerical Modelling and Analysis of Fluid Flow and Deformation of Fractured Rock Masses, 187–210. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008043931-0/50021-1.

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Kumar, K., K. Soga, and J. Y. Delenne. "Granular Flows in Fluid." In Discrete Element Modelling of Particulate Media, 59–66. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781849733601-00059.

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Underwater avalanches are a major risk to offshore structures. The mechanisms involved in the initiation and propagation of underwater granular avalanches are complex. They depend mainly on the slope angle, density, and quantity of material destabilised. Characterising the risk induced by such catastrophic flows requires the development of reliable models. Most models of submarine landslides assume a single homogeneous phase representing the grain-fluid mixture that is governed by a non-Newtonian fluid behaviour. Although successful in accounting for general phenomenology in a small computation time, such models, defined at a large scale, are limited in describing all features of seabed granular flows. Hence, it is important to understand the mechanism of underwater granular flows at the particle scale to develop a better up scaling model. A pending research issue is the parameterization of interactions between the water phase and the sediment phase. Owing to the number of flow variables involved and measurement imprecision, estimating such parameters from laboratory experiments remains difficult. In the present study, sub-particle scale numerical simulations are performed to understand the local phenomena of underwater granular flows. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is coupled with the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) for fluid-particle interactions in order to study the collapse of granular columns in fluids. The coupling of DEM and LBM enables the introduction of water phase to the solid phase and calculation of hydrodynamic forces on grains. D2Q9 Model in LBM is used to simulate the fluid phase. A parametric analysis is performed to assess the influence of permeability on the evolution of flow and run-out distances. The effect of hydrodynamic forces on the run-out evolution is analysed by comparing the mechanism of energy dissipation and flow evolution in dry and immersed granular flows.
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Conference papers on the topic "Fluid-Grain"

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Bakker, Willem T., Walther G. M. van Kesteren, and Wim H. G. Klomp. "Grain-Fluid Interaction in Couette Flow." In 22nd International Conference on Coastal Engineering. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780872627765.207.

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Saxena*, Nishank, and Gary Mavko. "Fluid, grain, and porosity substitution in heterogeneous rocks." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2014-1455.1.

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Kashi, Aditya, Syam Vangara, and Sivakumaran Nadarajah. "Asynchronous fine-grain parallel smoothers for computational fluid dynamics." In 2018 Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-3558.

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Kashi, Aditya, Syam Vangara, and Sivakumaran Nadarajah. "Correction: Asynchronous fine-grain parallel smoothers for computational fluid dynamics." In 2018 Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-3558.c1.

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Janaína De Andrade Silva, Francisco Carlos Gomes, Jefferson L. Gomes Correa, and Ludmila Magalhães. "Analysis of Effects of Grain Dust Explosion Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." In 2012 Dallas, Texas, July 29 - August 1, 2012. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.42033.

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Mavko, G., and D. Jizba. "Effects of grain-scale pore fluid flow on velocity dispersion in rocks." In EAGE/SEG Research Workshop 1990. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201411893.

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Prodanovic, Masa, Jon Holder, and Steven Lawrence Bryant. "Coupling Capillarity-Controlled Fluid Displacement With Unconsolidated Sediment Mechanics: Grain Scale Fracture Opening." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/124717-ms.

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Kashi, Aditya, and Sivakumaran Nadarajah. "Fine-grain Parallel Smoothing by Asynchronous Iterations and Incomplete Sparse Approximate Inverses for Computational Fluid Dynamics." In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-0806.

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Bui, Binh T., and Azra N. Tutuncu. "Rock-Fluid Interaction Impact on Geomechanical and Acoustic Properties in Shale Reservoirs: Anisotropic Grain Contact Adhesion Model." In Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2014-1921938.

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Vreeman, Christopher J., J. David Schloz, and Matthew John M. Krane. "Direct Chill Casting of Aluminum Alloys: Modeling and Experiments on Industrial Scale Ingots." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24337.

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Abstract A continuum mixture model of the direct chill casting process is compared to experimental results from industrial scale aluminum billets. The model, which includes the transport of free-floating solid particles, can simulate the effect of a grain refiner on macrosegregation and fluid flow. It is applied to an Al - 6 wt% Cu alloy and the effect of grain refiner on macrosegregation, sump profile, and temperature fields are presented. Two 45 cm diameter billets were cast under production conditions with and without grain refiner. Temperature and composition measurements and sump profiles are compared to the numerical results. The comparison shows excellent agreement for the grain refined case. It is believed that an incorrect assumption about the grain structure prevents good agreement in the non-grain refined billet.
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