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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluid flow'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Ismayilov, Gafar, Fidan Ismayilova, and Gulnara Zeynalova. "DIAGNOSIS OF STEADY-STATE CHARACTERISTICS IN LAMINAR FLOW OF FLUIDS." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 39, no. 3 (2024): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2024.3.5.

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Laminar flow of fluids is one of the most common forms of motion in oilfield practice. In such a flow regime of fluid, the determination of velocity-flow rate performance which takes into account the rheological properties of the fluid is of great importance for the development of hydraulic criteria. On the other hand, from the moment of the beginning of fluid motion in the pipe, a certain time is required to ensure the steady flow of fluid, i.e. independence of its parameters on time. The issues of diagnosing steady-state characteristics in laminar flow of both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids are of particular relevance. In this paper, the velocity distribution along the cross-section of a pipe in laminar flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids is studied while taking into consideration rheological factors, and the change of flow rate is investigated. Determination of the time of transition to the steady-state flow regime and parameters affecting the variation of this time are shown.

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2

Abbasi, Aamar Kamal, Nasir Ali, Muhammad Sajid, Iftikhar Ahmad, and Sadaqut Hussain. "Peristaltic Tube Flow of a Giesekus Fluid." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 44, no. 2 (2016): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.44.99.

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3

Rumble, III. "Evidences of fluid flow during regional metamorphism." European Journal of Mineralogy 1, no. 6 (December 21, 1989): 731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/1/6/0731.

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4

Guazzotto, L., and R. Betti. "Two-fluid equilibrium with flow: FLOW2." Physics of Plasmas 22, no. 9 (September 2015): 092503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4929854.

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5

LIU, TIANSHU, and LIXIN SHEN. "Fluid flow and optical flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 614 (October 16, 2008): 253–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112008003273.

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The connection between fluid flow and optical flow is explored in typical flow visualizations to provide a rational foundation for application of the optical flow method to image-based fluid velocity measurements. The projected-motion equations are derived, and the physics-based optical flow equation is given. In general, the optical flow is proportional to the path-averaged velocity of fluid or particles weighted with a relevant field quantity. The variational formulation and the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equation are given for optical flow computation. An error analysis for optical flow computation is provided, which is quantitatively examined by simulations on synthetic grid images. Direct comparisons between the optical flow method and the correlation-based method are made in simulations on synthetic particle images and experiments in a strongly excited turbulent jet.

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6

Norasia, Yolanda, Mohamad Tafrikan, and Bhamakerti Hafiz Kamaluddin. "ANALYSIS OF THE MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS NANOVISCOUS FLUID BASED ON VOLUME FRACTION AND THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 17, no. 1 (April 16, 2023): 0331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol17iss1pp0331-0340.

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Fluid flow control is applied in engineering and industry using computational fluid dynamics. Based on density, fluids are divided into two parts, namely non-viscous fluids and viscous fluids. Nanofluid is a fluid that has non-viscous and viscous characteristics. Nanoviscos fluid flow is interesting to study by considering the effect of volume fraction and thermophysical properties. Nanoviscous fluid flow models form dimensional equations that are then simplified into dimensionless equations. Dimensionless equations are converted into non-similar equations using flow functions and non-similar variables. Nanoviscous fluids with Cu particles and water-based fluids have higher temperatures and faster velocity. Based on the effect of volume fraction, the velocity of the nanoviscous fluid moves slower, while the temperature of the nanoviscous fluid increases.

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7

N, Rajiv Kumar, Umar Ahamed P, and Mohamed Anwar A. U. "CFD Analysis of Fluid Flow in Sand Casting." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-2 (February 28, 2019): 905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd21553.

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8

TANNER, P. W. GEOFF. "Metamorphic fluid flow." Nature 352, no. 6335 (August 1991): 483–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/352483a0.

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9

YARDLEY, BRUCE, SIMON H. BOTTRELL, and R. A. CLIFF. "Metamorphic fluid flow." Nature 352, no. 6335 (August 1991): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/352484a0.

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10

Hutnak, Michael. "Seabed Fluid Flow." Geofluids 7, no. 4 (November 2007): 468–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2007.00189.x.

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11

GILLILAND, MELISSA. "TRACKING FLUID FLOW." Nursing 25, no. 7 (July 1995): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199507000-00028.

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12

Ockendon, Hilary. "Viscous Fluid Flow." European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids 20, no. 1 (January 2001): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0997-7546(00)01113-4.

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13

Hirsch, Ch. "Fluid Flow Phenomena." European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids 20, no. 3 (May 2001): 428–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0997-7546(01)01142-6.

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14

Schroth, G., and U. Klose. "Cerebrospinal fluid flow." Neuroradiology 35, no. 1 (1992): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00588270.

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15

Schroth, G., and U. Klose. "Cerebrospinal fluid flow." Neuroradiology 35, no. 1 (1992): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00588271.

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16

Schroth, G., and U. Klose. "Cerebrospinal fluid flow." Neuroradiology 35, no. 1 (1992): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00588272.

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17

Baker, R. C. "Fluid flow measurement." Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 1, no. 4 (July 1990): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-5986(90)90020-8.

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18

Rosenblum, L. J., and F. H. Post. "Visualizing fluid flow." Computer 26, no. 6 (June 1993): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.214446.

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19

Pratama, Anjeryan Sapta, Evi Noviani, and Yudhi Yudhi. "FLUID FLOW MODELLING WITH FREE SURFACE." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 16, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 1147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol16iss4pp1147-1158.

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Fluid is a substance that can flow in the form of a liquid or a gas. Based on the movement of the fluid is divided into static and dynamic fluids. This study discusses fluid dynamics, namely modelling fluid flow accompanied by a free surface and an obstacle in the fluid flow. Fluid modelling generally makes some basic assumptions into mathematical equations. The assumptions are incompressible, steady-state and irrotational. The steps to obtain a fluid flow model are using Newton’s second law, the law of conservation of mass, and the law of conservation of momentum to obtain the general Navier-Stokes equation, the designing the Euler free surface equation, the Bernoulli equation, then making a free surface representation and linearizing the wave equation so that it is obtained fluid flow model. The resulting mathematical model is a Laplace equation with boundary conditions in the fluid.

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20

Thilmany, Jean. "How Does Your Fluid Flow?" Mechanical Engineering 125, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2003-dec-3.

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This article reviews the method of analyzing fluid flow in structures and designs, which is enjoying a burst of interest. Twenty years later, manufacturers across a myriad of industries are licensing the technology from a pool of vendors who now market computational fluid dynamics (CFD) packages of many stripes. Engineers use CFD to predict how fluids will flow and to predict the quantitative effects of the fluid on the solids with which they are in contact. Airflow is commonly studied with the software. Many mechanical engineers do not need access to all the bells and whistles an advanced CFD program can provide. Advanced analysis programs are usually the purview of a user trained on a particular CFD package. Engineers used CFD to determine how to best position the fans so that air flowed inside the refrigerator and the freezer in the most efficient way. After studying fluid flow simulations, they made prototypes of the most promising modeled designs to see if the prototypes matched CFD simulation results.

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21

Wolff-Jesse, C., and G. Fees. "Examination of flow behaviour of electrorheological fluids in the flow mode." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 212, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0959651981539370.

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The use of electrorheological (ER) fluids in hydraulic systems has been demonstrated in detailed investigations at the Institute of Fluid Power Transmission and Control (IFAS) [1]. The flow behaviour of this fluid cannot be described reliably. A detailed knowledge of this flow behaviour would enable better ER component design and produce basic information for simulation models. It is therefore important for the practical applications of ER fluids. A detailed comparison is made between existing rheological models, e.g. the Bingham model, and measured values in flow mode to confirm these models and, if possible, to define a material property constant. In addition, a simple model describing the flow behaviour of an ER fluid in the flow mode with the help of a geometrical dependent variable is presented. This variable is derived from measured values and reflects the influence of the gap height and the gap length. A comparison between this function and real measured values gives a very good agreement within the defined sphere and therefore it is a good tool for the design of electrorheological flow resistors.

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22

Michallet, H., C. Mathis, P. Mai¨ssa, and F. Dias. "Flow Filling a Curved Pipe." Journal of Fluids Engineering 123, no. 3 (February 28, 2001): 686–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1374442.

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A small scale experiment was designed to study the propagation of the front of a viscous fluid filling a curved pipe. Several Newtonian fluids with different viscosities and a non-Newtonian fluid have been used. The experiments show that there exists a minimum speed for completely filling the pipe, which depends on the parameters of the experiment (diameter d and radius of curvature R of the pipe, kinematic viscosity ν of the fluid). Appropriate dimensionless numbers are introduced to characterize the flow and optimal filling conditions.

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23

Kocić, Miloš, Živojin Stamenković, Jelena Petrović, and Jasmina Bogdanović-Jovanović. "MHD micropolar fluid flow in porous media." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 15, no. 6 (June 2023): 168781322311784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132231178436.

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The analysis of mass and heat transfer in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows has significant applications in heat exchangers, cooling nuclear reactors, designing energy systems and casting and injection processes of different types of fluids. On the other hand, extraction of crude oil, the flow of human or animal blood, as well as other polymer fluids or liquid crystals are just some examples of micropolar fluid flows. Due to the broad application spectrum of the theory of micropolar fluid flows, and the significance the impact the external magnetic field has on the flow of these fluids, this paper considers the stationary flow of a micropolar fluid between two plates under the influence of an external magnetic field which is perpendicular to the direction of the flow. Stationary plates are maintained at constant and different temperatures, while the whole problem is considered in the non-inductive approximation. The equation system used to define the physical problem under consideration is reduced to the system of differential equations that have been solved analytically and the solutions of which are of general nature. In addition to the solutions for velocity, microrotation and temperature, the paper gives solutions for shear stress at plates, the Nusselt number and flow rate. The provided solutions have been applied in order to reach some general conclusions about the influence of the magnetic field and physical characteristics of a micropolar fluid and the characteristics of porous media on the nature of micropolar fluid flows in porous media by means of chart analysis. General conclusions, obtained in the result analysis in this paper, give us the opportunity to understand the flows of micropolar fluids and highlight their significance.

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24

KUMAR, BIPIN, MARTIN CRANE, and YAN DELAURÉ. "ON THE VOLUME OF FLUID METHOD FOR MULTIPHASE FLUID FLOW SIMULATION." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 04, no. 02 (June 2013): 1350002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962313500025.

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Numerical study of multiphase fluid flows require mathematical methods for distinguishing interface between two fluids. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is one of such method which takes care of fluid shape in a local domain and reconstructs the interface from volume fraction of one fluid. Maintaining sharp interface during reconstruction is a challenging task and geometrical approach of VOF method better suits for incompressible fluids. This paper provides a complete mathematical discussion of extended form of VOF method using a approach known as piecewise linear interface calculation (PLIC). An analytical relation between volume fraction and interface position has been explored with the help of primitive geometrical shapes. The method with this analytical relation has been applied to multiphase fluid flow benchmark problems and found to be in good agreement.

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25

Song, Jinhyeuk, Jaekyeong Jang, Taehoon Kim, and Younghak Cho. "Particle Separation in a Microchannel with a T-Shaped Cross-Section Using Co-Flow of Newtonian and Viscoelastic Fluids." Micromachines 14, no. 10 (September 28, 2023): 1863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14101863.

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In this study, we investigated the particle separation phenomenon in a microchannel with a T-shaped cross-section, a unique design detailed in our previous study. Utilizing a co-flow system within this T-shaped microchannel, we examined two types of flow configuration: one where a Newtonian fluid served as the inner fluid and a viscoelastic fluid as the outer fluid (Newtonian/viscoelastic), and another where both the inner and outer fluids were Newtonian fluids (Newtonian/Newtonian). We introduced a mixture of three differently sized particles into the microchannel through the outer fluid and observed that the co-flow of Newtonian/viscoelastic fluids effectively separated particles based on their size compared with Newtonian/Newtonian fluids. In this context, we evaluated and compared the particle separation efficiency, recovery rate, and enrichment factor across both co-flow configurations. The Newtonian/viscoelastic co-flow system demonstrated a superior efficiency and recovery ratio when compared with the Newtonian/Newtonian system. Additionally, we assessed the influence of the flow rate ratio between the inner and outer fluids on particle separation within each co-flow system. Our results indicated that increasing the flow rate ratio enhanced the separation efficiency, particularly in the Newtonian/viscoelastic co-flow configuration. Consequently, this study substantiates the potential of utilizing a Newtonian/viscoelastic co-flow system in a T-shaped straight microchannel for the simultaneous separation of three differently sized particles.

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26

Armstrong, R. C., and B. K. Rao. "2.2.8 SINGLE PHASE FLUID FLOW: NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS." Heat Exchanger Design Updates 7, no. 3 (2000): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heatexchdesignupd.v7.i3.130.

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27

Hsu, C. H., S. Y. Hu, K. Y. Kung, C. C. Kuo, and C. C. Chang. "A Study on the Flow Patterns of a Second Grade Viscoe-Lastic Fluid Past a Cavity in a Horizontal Channel." Journal of Mechanics 29, no. 2 (December 20, 2012): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2012.143.

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AbstractThis paper studies the behavior of second grade viscoelastic fluid past a cavity in a horizontal channel. The effects of Reynolds number, fluid elasticity and the aspect ratio of the cavity on the flow field are simulated numerically. The equations are converted into the vorticity and stream function equations. The solution is obtained by the finite difference method.The behavior of viscoelastic fluids is quite different from the Newtonian fluid, due to the effects of fluid elasticity. Only one flow pattern appears when the Newtonian fluid past the cavity. However, three kinds of flow patterns appear while the viscoelastic fluids past the cavity by increasing Reynolds number from 20 to 300. The flow field is affected by the fluid elasticity as well as the aspect ratio of the cavity. The transitional flow pattern appears at lower Reynolds number as the higher elasticity fluid past the cavity with larger aspect ratio.

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28

MÄHLMANN, STEFAN, and DEMETRIOS T. PAPAGEORGIOU. "Interfacial instability in electrified plane Couette flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 666 (January 6, 2011): 155–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010004155.

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The dynamics of a plane interface separating two sheared, density and viscosity matched fluids in the vertical gap between parallel plate electrodes are studied computationally. A Couette profile is imposed onto the fluids by moving the rigid plates at equal speeds in opposite directions. In addition, a vertical electric field is applied to the shear flow by impressing a constant voltage difference on the electrodes. The stability of the initially flat interface is a very subtle balance between surface tension, inertia, viscosity and electric field effects. Under unstable conditions, the potential difference in the fluid results in an electrostatic pressure that amplifies disturbance waves on the two-fluid interface at characteristic wave lengths. Various mechanisms determining the growth rate of the most unstable mode are addressed in a systematic parameter study. The applied methodology involves a combination of numerical simulation and analytical work. Linear stability theory is employed to identify unstable parametric conditions of the perturbed Couette flow. Particular attention is given to the effect of the applied electric field on the instability of the perturbed two-fluid interface. The normal mode analyses are followed up by numerical simulations. The applied method relies on solving the governing equations for the fluid mechanics and the electrostatics in a one-fluid approximation by using a finite-volume technique combined with explicit tracking of the evolving interface. The numerical results confirm those of linear theory and, furthermore, reveal a rich array of dynamical behaviour. The elementary fluid instabilities are finger-like structures of interpenetrating fluids. For weakly unstable situations a single fingering instability emerges on the interface. Increasing the growth rates causes the finger to form a drop-like tip region connected by a long thinning fluids neck. Even more striking fluid motion occurs at higher values of the electric field parameter for which multiple fluid branches develop on the interface. For a pair of perfect dielectrics the vertical electric field was found to enhance interfacial motion irrespective of the permittivity ratio, while in leaky dielectrics the electric field can either stabilize or destabilize the interface, depending on the conductivity and permittivity ratio between the fluids.

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29

Huerta, A., and W. K. Liu. "Viscous Flow Structure Interaction." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 110, no. 1 (February 1, 1988): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3265561.

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Considerable research activities in vibration and seismic analysis for various fluid-structure systems have been carried out in the past two decades. Most of the approaches are formulated within the framework of finite elements, and the majority of work deals with inviscid fluids. However, there has been little work done in the area of fluid-structure interaction problems accounting for flow separation and nonlinear phenomenon of steady streaming. In this paper, the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element method is extended to address the flow separation and nonlinear phenomenon of steady streaming for arbitrarily shaped bodies undergoing large periodic motion in a viscous fluid. The results are designed to evaluate the fluid force acting on the body; thus, the coupled rigid body-viscous flow problem can be simplified to a standard structural problem using the concept of added mass and added damping. Formulas for these two constants are given for the particular case of a cylinder immersed in an infinite viscous fluid. The finite element modeling is based on a pressure-velocity mixed formulation and a streamline upwind Petrov/Galerkin technique. All computations are performed using a personal computer.

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30

Shakouchi, Toshihiko, Ryosuke Ozawa, Fumi Iwasaki, Koichi Tsujimoto, and Toshitake Ando. "OS23-5 Flow and Heat Transfer of Petal Shaped Double Tube : Water and Air-Water Bubbly Flows(Thermo-fluid dynamics(2),OS23 Thermo-fluid dynamics,FLUID AND THERMODYNAMICS)." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2015.14 (2015): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2015.14.282.

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31

IWATSUKI, HIROKI, NAOTO GOHKO, HIROSHI KIMURA, YUICHI MASUBUCHI, JUN-ICHI TAKIMOTO, and KIYOHITO KOYAMA. "MOLECULAR ORIENTATION AND ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW IN HOMOGENEOUS ER FLUIDS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2001): 973–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201005490.

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Homogeneous ER fluid is an ER fluid which consists of a homogeneous fluid only; it is neither a suspension nor a blend of immiscible liquids. Various liquid crystals are typical examples of homogeneous ER fluids. Recently, we have found that urethane-modified polypropylene glycol (UPPG) is one of the very few examples of homogeneous ER fluids which show no liquid crystalline order. In order to clarify the mechanism of the ER effect in this fluid, we have studied, in this paper, electrohydrodynamic flow under shear and electric field.

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32

ZHANG, Nan, Zhongning SUN, and Ming DING. "ICONE23-1895 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF FLUID FLOW IN RANDOM PACKED BED WITH SPHERES." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2015.23 (2015): _ICONE23–1—_ICONE23–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_425.

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33

Devakar, M., Ankush Raje, and Shubham Hande. "Unsteady Flow of Couple Stress Fluid Sandwiched Between Newtonian Fluids Through a Channel." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 73, no. 7 (July 26, 2018): 629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2017-0434.

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AbstractThe aim of this article is to study the unsteady flow of immiscible couple stress fluid sandwiched between Newtonian fluids through a horizontal channel. The fluids and plates are initially at rest. At an instant of time, a constant pressure gradient is applied along the horizontal direction to generate the flow. The time-dependent partial differential equations are solved numerically using the finite difference method. The continuity of velocities and shear stresses at the fluid-fluid interfaces has been considered. The obtained results are displayed through graphs and are discussed for various fluid parameters pertaining the flow. The volume flow rate is also obtained numerically for diverse fluid parameters and is presented through a table. It is noticed that fluid velocities increased with time and reached a steady state after a certain time level. Also, the presence of couple stresses reduced the fluid velocities. Volume flow rate increased with Reynolds number and is reduced by increase of ratio of viscosities.

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34

Dong, Jiahao, Yifan Hu, Bingrui Su, Zhenkun Li, Zhongru Song, Decai Li, Hongchao Cui, and Deyi Wang. "A Novel Method of Flow Curve Measurement for Magnetic Fluid Based on Plane Poiseuille Flow." Magnetochemistry 8, no. 9 (September 5, 2022): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8090098.

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Accurate measurement of the flow curves of magnetic fluid under a uniform field has always been a challenge. In this article, a novel method is proposed to measure the flow curve of magnetic fluids based on plane Poiseuille flow. The measuring system was built and its performance was compared with that of a commercial rheometer. Flow curves of magnetic fluid with different zero-field viscosity were tested under various field strengths. This novel method facilitates direct observation of the flowing behaviors of magnetic fluid under different stresses. By examining the variation trend of viscosity under certain constant stress, a more reliable method to determine the dynamic yield stress of magnetic fluid was used. The dynamic yield stress of the magnetic fluid measured by the new method was larger than the value obtained by the fitting, which is more reliable from an engineering point of view.

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35

Vaidheeswaran, Avinash, Alejandro Clausse, William D. Fullmer, Raul Marino, and Martin Lopez de Bertodano. "Chaos in wavy-stratified fluid-fluid flow." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 29, no. 3 (March 2019): 033121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5055782.

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36

Khusid, Boris, Andreas Acrivos, Yakov Khodorkovsky, and Michael Beltran. "Electrorheological Squeeze-Flow Shock Absorber." International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, no. 14n16 (June 30, 1999): 2143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299002241.

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We developed a squeeze-flow shock absorber and tested it under impact conditions typical of heavy-duty recoil mechanisms. In contrast to common shear-flow shock absorbers, here the volume of fluid driven by the piston does not flow through the regions of high electric field. Experiments on three commercially available "dry" ER fluids showed that only the Bayer fluid was able to exhibit electric-field-induced stresses under our test conditions. But the results which were obtained with this fluid illustrate the numerous advantages to be gained by utilizing a squeeze-flow shock absorber in advanced systems subjected to impact disturbances and destructive vibrations.

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37

Berndt, Christian. "Focused fluid flow in passive continental margins." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1837 (October 20, 2005): 2855–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1666.

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Passive continental margins such as the Atlantic seaboard of Europe are important for society as they contain large energy resources, and they sustain ecosystems that are the basis for the commercial fish stock. The margin sediments are very dynamic environments. Fluids are expelled from compacting sediments, bottom water temperature changes cause gas hydrate systems to change their locations and occasionally large magmatic intrusions boil the pore water within the sedimentary basins, which is then expelled to the surface. The fluids that seep through the seabed at the tops of focused fluid flow systems have a crucial role for seabed ecology, and study of such fluid flow systems can also help in predicting the distribution of hydrocarbons in the subsurface and deciphering the climate record. Therefore, the study of focused fluid flow will become one of the most important fields in marine geology in the future.

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38

Hoffman, Monty, and James Crafton. "Multiphase flow in oil and gas reservoirs." Mountain Geologist 54, no. 1 (January 2017): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.54.1.5.

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The porous rocks that make up oil and gas reservoirs are composed of complex combinations of pores, pore throats, and fractures. Pore networks are groups of these void spaces that are connected by pathways that have the same fluid entry pressures. Any fluid movement in pore networks will be along the pathways that require the minimum energy expenditure. After emplacement of hydrocarbons in a reservoir, fluid saturations, capillary pressure, and energy are in equilibrium, a significant amount of the reservoir energy is stored at the interface between the fluids. Any mechanism that changes the pressure, volume, chemistry, or temperature of the fluids in the reservoir results in a state of energy non-equilibrium. Existing reservoir engineering equations do not address this non-equilibrium condition, but rather assume that all reservoirs are in equilibrium. The assumption of equilibrium results in incorrect descriptions of fluid flow in energy non-equilibrium reservoirs. This, coupled with the fact that drilling-induced permeability damage is common in these reservoirs, often results in incorrect conclusions regarding the potential producibility of the well. Relative permeability damage, damage that can change which fluids are produced from a hydrocarbon reservoir, can occur even in very permeable reservoirs. Use of dependent variables in reservoir analysis does not correctly describe the physics of fluid flow in the reservoir and will lead to potentially incorrect answers regarding producibility of the reservoir.

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39

GRAHAM, D. R., and J. J. L. HIGDON. "Oscillatory forcing of flow through porous media. Part 2. Unsteady flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 465 (August 25, 2002): 237–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112002001143.

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Numerical computations are employed to study the phenomenon of oscillatory forcing of flow through porous media. The Galerkin finite element method is used to solve the time-dependent Navier–Stokes equations to determine the unsteady velocity field and the mean flow rate subject to the combined action of a mean pressure gradient and an oscillatory body force. With strong forcing in the form of sinusoidal oscillations, the mean flow rate may be reduced to 40% of its unforced steady-state value. The effectiveness of the oscillatory forcing is a strong function of the dimensionless forcing level, which is inversely proportional to the square of the fluid viscosity. For a porous medium occupied by two fluids with disparate viscosities, oscillatory forcing may be used to reduce the flow rate of the less viscous fluid, with negligible effect on the more viscous fluid. The temporal waveform of the oscillatory forcing function has a significant impact on the effectiveness of this technique. A spike/plateau waveform is found to be much more efficient than a simple sinusoidal profile. With strong forcing, the spike waveform can induce a mean axial flow in the absence of a mean pressure gradient. In the presence of a mean pressure gradient, the spike waveform may be employed to reverse the direction of flow and drive a fluid against the direction of the mean pressure gradient. Owing to the viscosity dependence of the dimensionless forcing level, this mechanism may be employed as an oscillatory filter to separate two fluids of different viscosities, driving them in opposite directions in the porous medium. Possible applications of these mechanisms in enhanced oil recovery processes are discussed.

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Siddiqui, Abdul, Muhammad Zeb, Tahira Haroon, and Qurat-ul-Ain Azim. "Exact Solution for the Heat Transfer of Two Immiscible PTT Fluids Flowing in Concentric Layers through a Pipe." Mathematics 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7010081.

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This article investigates the heat transfer flow of two layers of Phan-Thien-Tanner (PTT) fluids though a cylindrical pipe. The flow is assumed to be steady, incompressible, and stable and the fluid layers do not mix with each other. The fluid flow and heat transfer equations are modeled using the linear PTT fluid model. Exact solutions for the velocity, flow rates, temperature profiles, and stress distributions are obtained. It has also been shown that one can recover the Newtonian fluid results from the obtained results by putting the non-Newtonian parameters to zero. These results match with the corresponding results for Newtonian fluids already present in the literature. Graphical analysis of the behavior of the fluid velocities, temperatures, and stresses is also presented at the end. It is also shown that maximum velocity occurs in the inner fluid layer.

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Hu, Jianxin, Ke Li, Wenfeng Su, and Xinyi Zhao. "Numerical Simulation of Drilling Fluid Flow in Centrifugal Pumps." Water 15, no. 5 (March 5, 2023): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15050992.

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Centrifugal pumps are widely used in the oil and mining industries. In contrast to water pumps, the centrifugal pumps in the oil and mining industries are used for the transportation of drilling fluid, which is typically non-Newtonian fluid. Drilling fluids are usually modeled as power-law fluids with varying shear viscosity and imposed shear rates. In this paper, a numerical simulation of power-law fluid flow in a centrifugal pump was simulated, varying only in the flow-rate magnitude, using water flow as a comparison. The simulation results show that the pump used for drilling fluid presents a lower head and efficiency but a higher shaft power than that used for water. The flow patterns of both the water pump and the drilling fluid pump were investigated in terms of pressure fluctuation, turbulent kinetic energy, and radial force on the impeller. In contrast to the literature, this paper also analyzes the pressure pulsations in the individual blades of the impeller, as well as those in the volute path. In the case of drilling fluid, it was found that the viscous effect made the flow at the end of the blades highly irregular, and this could be attributed to the pressure generated by them. At the same time, the fluid flow at the small cross-section of the volute was more sensitive to the rotation of the impeller. In addition, the effects of the shear collision exerted on the outlet fluid of the impeller and the fluid in the volute, as well as the dynamic and static interferences, made the non-Newtonian power-law fluid consume more mechanical energy than the water. The results of this paper can be used as a reference for improving the design of centrifugal pumps using non-Newtonian fluids as media.

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Wu, Chuang, Haithm Yahya Mohammed Almuaalemi, A. S. M. Muhtasim Fuad Sohan, and Binfeng Yin. "Effect of Flow Velocity on Laminar Flow in Microfluidic Chips." Micromachines 14, no. 7 (June 21, 2023): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14071277.

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Gel fibers prepared based on microfluidic laminar flow technology have important research value in constructing biomimetic scaffolds and tissue engineering. The key point of microfluidic laminar flow technology is to find the appropriate fluid flow rate in the micropipe. In order to explore the influence of flow rate on the laminar flow phenomenon of a microfluidic chip, a microfluidic chip composed of an intermediate main pipe and three surrounding outer pipes are designed, and the chip is prepared by photolithography and the composite molding method. Then, a syringe pump is used to inject different fluids into the microtubing, and the data of fluid motion are obtained through fluid dynamics simulation and finite element analysis. Finally, a series of optimal adjustments are made for different fluid composition and flow rate combinations to achieve the fluid’s stable laminar flow state. It was determined that when the concentration of sodium alginate in the outer phase was 1 wt% and the concentration of CaCl2 in the inner phase was 0.1 wt%, the gel fiber prepared was in good shape, the flow rate was the most stable, and laminar flow was the most obvious when the flow rate of both was 1 mL/h. This study represents a preliminary achievement in exploring the laminar flow rate and fabricating gel fibers, thus offering significant reference value for investigating microfluidic laminar flow technology.

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Voigt, A. "Fluid deformable surfaces." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 878 (September 4, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.549.

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Lipid membranes are examples of fluid deformable surfaces, which can be viewed as two-dimensional viscous fluids with bending elasticity. With this solid–fluid duality any shape change contributes to tangential flow and vice versa any tangential flow on a curved surface induces shape deformations. This tight coupling between shape and flow makes curvature a natural element of the governing equations. The modelling and numerical tools outlined in Torres-Sánchez et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 872, 2019, pp. 218–271) open a new field of study by enabling the exploration of the role of curvature in this context.

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Lozanović, Jasmina, Mathias Polz, Theresa Margarethe Rienmüller, Sonja Langthaler, Daniel Ziesel, Jörg Schröttner, and Christian Baumgartner. "Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Water Level Tank and Human Fluid Flow." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2023): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2023-1206.

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Abstract Fluid flow in the human body can be modeled using a water-level tank, a commonly used mechanistic approach in mechanical engineering for fluid transport processes. Postoperative fluid data from patients undergoing cardiac surgery is used to estimate fluid flow dynamics and total body water in the human body. This simplified model provide a basic understanding of the dynamics of fluid flow processes in the human body and could aid in modeling distribution of fluids in compartments.

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Raihan, Mahmud Kamal, Purva P. Jagdale, Sen Wu, Xingchen Shao, Joshua B. Bostwick, Xinxiang Pan, and Xiangchun Xuan. "Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Single-Cavity Microchannel." Micromachines 12, no. 7 (July 18, 2021): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12070836.

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Having a basic understanding of non-Newtonian fluid flow through porous media, which usually consist of series of expansions and contractions, is of importance for enhanced oil recovery, groundwater remediation, microfluidic particle manipulation, etc. The flow in contraction and/or expansion microchannel is unbounded in the primary direction and has been widely studied before. In contrast, there has been very little work on the understanding of such flow in an expansion–contraction microchannel with a confined cavity. We investigate the flow of five types of non-Newtonian fluids with distinct rheological properties and water through a planar single-cavity microchannel. All fluids are tested in a similarly wide range of flow rates, from which the observed flow regimes and vortex development are summarized in the same dimensionless parameter spaces for a unified understanding of the effects of fluid inertia, shear thinning, and elasticity as well as confinement. Our results indicate that fluid inertia is responsible for developing vortices in the expansion flow, which is trivially affected by the confinement. Fluid shear thinning causes flow separations on the contraction walls, and the interplay between the effects of shear thinning and inertia is dictated by the confinement. Fluid elasticity introduces instability and asymmetry to the contraction flow of polymers with long chains while suppressing the fluid inertia-induced expansion flow vortices. However, the formation and fluctuation of such elasto-inertial fluid vortices exhibit strong digressions from the unconfined flow pattern in a contraction–expansion microchannel of similar dimensions.

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Muthusamy, P., and Palanisamy Senthil Kumar. "Waste Heat Recovery Using Matrix Heat Exchanger from the Exhaust of an Automobile Engine for Heating Car’s Passenger Cabin." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 1132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.1132.

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The main objective of our work is to analysis the heat transfer rate for various fluids with different matrix heat exchanger (MHE) models and flow characteristic in matrix heat exchanger by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package with small car. The amount of heat carried by the cold fluid from hot fluid is mainly depends upon the mass flow rate of the working fluid. The heat transfer area per unit volume of tube is more. So, it increases the temperature of the cold fluid. Here, the hot and cold fluids are moving in the alternate tubes of heat exchanger in the counter flow direction. The small amounts of pressure drop are occurred but which is less compared to existing model. Flow disturbances are rectified in the MHE through the modifications made. Since, silicon carbide material is used as a polishing material to avoid the deposit of carbon at the inner side of the flow passage and this waste heat energy is used for heating passenger cabin during winter season. The wood is used as an insulating material to avoid the heat flow from fluid to atmosphere. Keywords-Heat transfer rate, Matrix heat exchanger, Working fluid, Polishing material.

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Podder, Satyabrata, Paulam Deep Paul, and Arunabha Chanda. "Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Induced Slip Flow of a Non-Newtonian Fluid through Circular Microchannels." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 19 (October 3, 2022): 6180. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.6180.

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The present numerical analysis reveals the nature of non-Newtonian fluid flow through circular microchannels under slip boundary conditions. The power law has been used for the simulation of the fluid flow, which considers a steady, laminar, incompressible non-Newtonian fluid acted upon by a constant, externally applied magnetic field. The flow is axisymmetric and slip boundary conditions are applied in the near wall. A constant magnetic flux has been applied on the wall boundary to analyze the effect of magnetic field on Xanthan solution in formic acid, a type of non-Newtonian fluid having electrical conductivity. Using control volume method of finite difference scheme, a set of dimensionless governing differential equations defining the behavior of the fluid flow in the microchannel under an externally applied magnetic field, has been solved using slip boundary conditions to understand the effect of magnetic field on slip induced flow of non-Newtonian fluids. The results have depicted that the magnetic field affects both the centerline velocity and slip velocity but it is more prominent for the centerline velocities. The main objective of this research is to study the flow of non-Newtonian fluid, Xanthan through a circular microchannel and its corresponding behavior when flow boundary conditions are applied to interpret the characteristics under an externally applied magnetic field. The results obtained from this present study will find its application in the area of the flow of ferrofluids and biofluids. HIGHLIGHTS Most of the bio fluids and ferrofluids are non-Newtonian in nature and it is required to control these fluids when they pass through microchannels of modern devices Analysis conducted to find out the flow behaviour of non-Newtonian fluids through circular microchannels when they are exposed to externally applied magnetic fields Slip flow occurs in the fluid flow and an externally applied magnetic field controls the flow patterns by affecting slip velocity and centerline velocity which introduces extra flow in the microchannel. The results are helpful for better understanding of the flow of ferrofluids and bio fluids through circular microchannels GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Lacombe, Olivier, and Yann Rolland. "Fluids in crustal deformation: Fluid flow, fluid-rock interactions, rheology, melting and resources." Journal of Geodynamics 101 (November 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2016.08.004.

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Kolcun, John Paul G., Hsuan-Kan Chang, and Michael Y. Wang. "Abnormal Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow." Neurosurgery 79, no. 6 (December 2016): N20—N21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000508606.46318.77.

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Stajic, Jelena. "Machine-learning fluid flow." Science 367, no. 6481 (February 27, 2020): 995.4–995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6481.995-d.

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