Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flower development biology

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Flower development biology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flower development biology"

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COEN, E. "Flower development." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 4, no. 6 (December 1992): 929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-0674(92)90120-2.

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Botta, Roberto, Grazia Vergano, Giovanni Me, and Rosalina Vallania. "Floral Biology and Embryo Development in Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)." HortScience 30, no. 6 (October 1995): 1283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.6.1283.

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Floral biology of chestnut, from sporogenesis to mature embryo, is described. Microsporogenesis in flowers of unisexual catkins occurred in the first week of June 1991. Anthesis started in mid-June (≈70 days after budbreak) and lasted 2 weeks. In mid-June, in each pistillate flower, six to eight styles began to emerge, and 4 to 7 days later, they were extended fully (i.e., full bloom). In each flower, 10 to 16 anatropous ovules developed from the ovary axis. The megaspore mother cell had formed by the end of bloom. The mature ovule consisted of two integuments and a long, narrow nucellus with a small embryo sac of the Polygonum type. Zygotes were found 15 to 20 days after pistillate flower full bloom. Embryo development followed the Onagrad type, Trifolium variation. Seeds attained full size in mid-September, and fruit were mature in early November. The embryonal axis averaged 4.5 mm long × 2.1 mm wide. An apical meristem and the radicle were evident at opposite ends of the axis.
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HANDAYANI, TRI. "Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 18, no. 4 (October 7, 2017): 1624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180441.

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Handayani T. 2017. Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis. Biodiversitas 18: 1624-1631. Nepenthes mirabilis Druce is a commercial ornamental pitcher plant belonging to the Nepenthaceae. This species is often used as a parent plant in artificial crossbreeding. The plant is also used in traditional medicine, rope-making, handicraft, and bouquets. Flower development and pollen maturity are important factors in pitcher plant crossbreeding. However, information about its flowering is still lacking. This study aimed to record the flower morphology, flower development, and faunal visitors to male inflorescences of N. mirabilis planted in Bogor Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia. Twelve racemes of flowers were taken as a sample for observing the process of inflorescence development, while ten flowers on each raceme were observed for investigating the flowering pattern of individual flowers. The morphology of flowers, the process of inflorescence development, the flowering pattern for individual flowers, the number of open flowers, the longevity of anthesis, and the appearance of insect (and/or other faunal) visitors to flowers were observed and recorded, using naked eyes, a hand lens, and a camera. Six phases of inflorescence development were identified: inflorescence bud phase, raceme phase, the opening of the raceme-protecting sheath phase, inflorescence-stalk and flowerstalk growth phase, open flower phase and pollen maturity phase. Four phases of flower development were observed: growth of flower bud, the opening of tepals, pollen maturation, and flower senescence. The pattern of anthesis within an inflorescence was acropetal. The number of flowers per raceme was 56 to 163. The peak duration of anthesis of a flower was 11 days (30.7% of flowers). The length of the raceme-stalks was 17-31 cm. The length of the racemes was 23-38 cm. The most common visitors to the flowers were stingless bees, Trigona apicalis.
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Luo, Yan, Bang-Zhen Pan, Lu Li, Chen-Xuan Yang, and Zeng-Fu Xu. "Developmental basis for flower sex determination and effects of cytokinin on sex determination in Plukenetia volubilis (Euphorbiaceae)." Plant Reproduction 33, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00497-019-00382-9.

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Key message Cytokinin might be an important factor to regulate floral sex at the very early stage of flower development in sacha inchi. Abstract Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis, Euphorbiaceae) is characterized by having female and male flowers in a thyrse with particular differences. The mechanisms involved in the development of unisexual flowers are very poorly understood. In this study, the inflorescence and flower development of P. volubilis were investigated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We also investigated the effects of cytokinin on flower sex determination by exogenous application of 6-benzyladenine (BA) in P. volubilis. The floral development of P. volubilis was divided into eight stages, and the first morphological divergence between the male and female flowers was found to occur at stage 3. Both female and male flowers can be structurally distinguished by differences in the shape and size of the flower apex after sepal primordia initiation. There are no traces of gynoecia in male flowers or of androecia in female flowers. Exogenous application of BA effectively induced gynoecium primordia initiation and female flower development, especially at the early flower developmental stages. We propose that flower sex is determined earlier and probably occurs before flower initiation, either prior to or at inflorescence development due to the difference in the position of the female and male primordia in the inflorescence and in the time of the female and male primordia being initiated. The influence of cytokinin on female primordia during flower development in P. volubilis strongly suggests a feminization role for cytokinin in sex determination. These results indicate that cytokinin could modify the fate of the apical meristem of male flower and promote the formation of carpel primordia in P. volubilis.
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Chen, Q., A. Atkinson, D. Otsuga, T. Christensen, L. Reynolds, and G. N. Drews. "The Arabidopsis FILAMENTOUS FLOWER gene is required for flower formation." Development 126, no. 12 (June 15, 1999): 2715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.12.2715.

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A screen for mutations affecting flower formation was carried out and several filamentous flower (fil) alleles were identified. In fil mutants, floral primordia occasionally give rise to pedicels lacking flowers at their ends. This defect is dramatically enhanced in fil rev double mutants, in which every floral primordium produces a flowerless pedicel. These data suggest that the FIL and REV genes are required for an early step of flower formation, possibly for the establishment of a flower-forming domain within the floral primordium. The FIL gene is also required for establishment of floral meristem identity and for flower development. During flower development, the FIL gene is required for floral organ formation in terms of the correct numbers and positions; correct spatial activity of the AGAMOUS, APETALA3, PISTILLATA and SUPERMAN genes; and floral organ development.
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Blázquez, Miguel A. "Flower development pathways." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 20 (January 1, 2000): 3547–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.20.3547.

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Hoque, MA. "Floral biology of indigenous pummelo genotypes." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 2 (August 20, 2015): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v40i2.24556.

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Flower morphology and bud development of pummelo accessions CG-1, CG-18 and CG-151 were studied at the Pummelo Orchard of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Akbarpur, Moulvibazar and the Horticulture Laboratory of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during 2008-2009. Pummelo flowers were bisexual, bore singly on leaf axils or in clusters with or without leaf on stem in all accessions, and colour were white. Calyx diameter varied from 0.94 in CG-1 to 1.02 in CG-18. Number of petals per flower ranged from 4.0 to 4.5. Anthers were yellow in colour and only CG- 151 produced few rudimentary styles. Diameter of stigma varied from 0.39 mm to 0.49 mm. Number of locules per ovary was in between 14.6 to16.0 and number of ovules per locules varied from 4.0 to 9.0. Stages of floral bud development from initiation to anthesis were divided into 9 distinct stages. In pummelo, a total of 27.7 to 31.2 days were required from a bud initiation to reach its fully developed stage. Suitable time for emasculation of pummelo flowers was found within 26 days from flower bud initiation. Between 3:00am to 5:00am, about 76% flowers were found to be opened and between 4:00pm to 5:00pm in all the three accessions, dehiscence of pollens was recorded. Abscission of stamen, petal and style started after 50.8, 76.4 and 162.3 hrs and completed after 128.4, 137.9 and 228.3 hrs of anthesis, respectively.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 177-188, June 2015
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Coen, Enrico S., Sandra Doyle, Jose M. Romero, Robert Elliott, Ruth Magrath, and Rosemary Carpenter. "Homeotic genes controlling flower development in Antirrhinum." Development 113, Supplement_1 (January 1, 1991): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.113.supplement_1.149.

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In order to study genes controlling flower development, we have carried out an extensive transposon-mutagenesis experiment in Antirrhinum majus. More than 15 independent homeotic mutations were obtained, allowing three categories of genes to be defined. The first includes floricaula (flo), a primary gene required for the initiation of the floral developmental pathway. In the absence of the wild-type flo product, proliferating inflorescence meristems arise in place of flowers. The flo gene has been isolated and shown to be expressed transiently in a subset of organ primordia in the floral meristem. The second category includes genes that affect the identity, and also sometimes the number, of whorls of organs in the flower. These genes act in overlapping domains so that each whorl has a distinct combination of gene functions, suggesting a model for the genetic control of whorl identity and number. Genes of the third category control differences between organs In the same whorl and hence the overall symmetry of the flower. We discuss how the basic plan of the flower and inflorescence may arise through the interactions between the three categories of genes.
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Dornelas, Marcelo C., and Adriana P. M. Rodriguez. "A genomic approach to elucidating grass flower development." Genetics and Molecular Biology 24, no. 1-4 (December 2001): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572001000100011.

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In sugarcane (Saccharum sp) as with other species of grass, at a certain moment of its life cycle the vegetative meristem is converted into an inflorescence meristem which has at least two distinct inflorescence branching steps before the spikelet meristem terminates in the production of a flower (floret). In model dicotyledonous species such successive conversions of meristem identities and the concentric arrangement of floral organs in specific whorls have both been shown to be genetically controlled. Using data from the Sugarcane Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) Project (SUCEST) database, we have identified all sugarcane proteins and genes putatively involved in reproductive meristem and flower development. Sequence comparisons of known flower-related genes have uncovered conserved evolutionary pathways of flower development and flower pattern formation between dicotyledons and monocotyledons, such as some grass species. We have paid special attention to the analysis of the MADS-box multigene family of transcription factors that together with the APETALA2 (AP2) family are the key elements of the transcriptional networks controlling plant reproductive development. Considerations on the evolutionary developmental genetics of grass flowers and their relation to the ABC homeotic gene activity model of flower development are also presented.
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Bossinger, G., and D. R. Smyth. "Initiation patterns of flower and floral organ development in Arabidopsis thaliana." Development 122, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 1093–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.122.4.1093.

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Sector boundary analysis has been used to deduce the number and orientation of cells initiating flower and floral organ development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sectors were produced in transgenic plants carrying the Ac transposon from maize inserted between the constitutive 35S promoter and the GUS reporter gene. Excision of the transposon results in a blue-staining sector. Plants were chosen in which an early arising sector passed from vegetative regions into the inflorescence and through a mature flower. The range of sector boundary positions seen in mature flowers indicated that flower primordia usually arise from a group of four cells on the inflorescence flank. The radial axes of the mature flower are apparently set by these cells, supporting the concept that they act as a structural template. Floral organs show two patterns of initiation, a leaf-like pattern with eight cells in a row (sepals and carpels), or a shoot-like pattern with four cells in a block (stamens). The petal initiation pattern involved too few cells to allow assignment. The numbers of initiating cells were close to those seen when organ growth commenced in each case, indicating that earlier specification of floral organ development does not occur. By examining sector boundaries in homeotic mutant flowers in which second whorl organs develop as sepal-like organs rather than petals, we have shown that their pattern of origin is position dependent rather than identity dependent.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flower development biology"

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Ferraro, Benjamin James. "Examining the roles of CYCLOIDEA, RADIALIS and DIVARICATA in driving the evolution of flower shape Californian Diplacus pictus (Curran ex Greene) Nesom (Phrymaceae)." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1526903.

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Flower shape, color and size are extensively studied to both identify and classify different angiosperm taxa. The availability of well-supported molecular phylogenies produced using complex models of sequence evolution, coupled with an understanding of the genes that regulate morphological form in model organisms, and new methods to infer gene expression patterns in diverse species now allow us to understand the genetic basis of morphological differences among closely related species. Studies in Plantaginaceae, Gesneriaceae, Fabaceae and Brassicaceae show the importance of CYCLOIDEA (CYC), RADIALIS (RAD) and DIVARICATA (DIV) in regulating flower shape, but also show divergence in gene function within flowering plants. Previous studies in the zygomorphic model species Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon) have shown that AmCYC is expressed in the adaxial (dorsal) petals of flowers where it activates AmRAD . This expression of AmRAD within adaxial petals represses AmDIV expression causing AmDIV to be restricted to abaxial (ventral) and lateral petals. Like Antirrhinum , traditional Diplacus flowers have distinct dorsal, ventral and lateral petal identities. However, within the clade actinomorphic flowers have evolved independently on two occasions: once in D. pictus and once in D. mohaviensis. mRNA reveal DIV expression to be conserved between D. pictus and snapdragon, whereas CYC and RAD expression, and presumably function, differ between the two species. DpCYC is expressed in a narrow portion on the upper lip of abaxial petals, whereas DpRAD is expressed within both lateral and abaxial petals. D. pictus flowers are characterized by a novel upturned abaxial petal which may be linked to localized CYC expression along the upper surface of the structure. This study sheds new light on the mechanisms regulating flower shape in an endemic Californian monkey flower and shows the importance of testing hypotheses from model species such as Arabidopsis and snapdragon in non-model taxa such as D. pictus to undercover the true variety of mechanisms driving morphological evolution.

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Sundström, Jens. "Evolution of genetic mechanisms regulating reproductive development in plants : Characterisation of MADS-box genes active during cone development in Norway spruce." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Evolutionary Biology, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-620.

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The reproductive organs of conifers and angiosperms differ in morphology in several fundamental respects. The conifer Norway spruce (Picea abies) form pollen and seed cones from separate meristems whereas angiosperms bear bipartite flowers with sepals and petals surrounding two inner whorls of stamens and carpels. Despite these differences in morphology this thesis present data to suggest that reproductive development in conifers and angiosperms is regulated by a similar molecular mechanism. This implies an evolutionary conservation of the major mechanism for reproductive development since the origin of seed plants.

Flower organ identity in angiosperms is determined by regulatory genes belonging to the MADS-box gene family of transcription factors. This thesis presents the cloning and characterisation of four novel MADS-box genes from Norway spruce. Three of these genes DAL11, DAL12 and DAL13 are most closely related to angiosperm B function genes i.e. genes required for petal and stamen development. DAL11, 12 and 13 all are specifically active in developing pollen cones, with different temporal and spatial expression pattern. Functional analysis in transgenic Arabidopsis and yeast suggest that the reproductive aspect of the B-function is conserved between conifers and angiosperms. The results also suggest that the B-function in conifers is separated into one shoot identity and one organ identity determinant.

A fourth gene presented; DAL10, is specifically expressed in vegetative parts of pollen- and seed cones. Phylogenetically DAL10 is not closely related to any of the known angiosperm clades, but rather forms a separate clade with other gymnosperm genes, suggesting a gymnosperm specific function. We suggest that the DAL10 activity reflects a function in the determination of the reproductive shoot.

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Wang, Yunjing. "Molecular biology of flower development in Viola pubescens, a species with the chasmogamous-cleistogamous mixed breeding system." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1205379431.

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Legrand, Jonathan. "Toward a multi-scale understanding of flower development - from auxin networks to dynamic cellular patterns." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0947/document.

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Dans le domaine de la biologie développementale, un des principaux défis est de comprendre comment des tissus multicellulaires, à l'origine indifférenciés, peuvent engendrer des formes aussi complexes que celles d'une fleur. De part son implication dans l'organogenèse florale, l'auxine est une phytohormone majeure. Nous avons donc déterminé son réseau binaire potentiel, puis y avons appliqué des modèles de clustering de graphes s'appuyant sur les profils de connexion présentés par ces 52 facteurs de transcription (FT). Nous avons ainsi pu identifier trois groupes, proches des groupes biologiques putatifs: les facteurs de réponse à l'auxine activateurs (ARF+), répresseurs (ARF-) et les Aux/IAAs. Nous avons détecté l'auto-interaction des ARF+ et des Aux/IAA, ainsi que leur interaction, alors que les ARF- en présentent un nombre restreint. Ainsi, nous proposons un mode de compétition auxine indépendent entre ARF+ et ARF- pour la régulation transcriptionelle. Deuxièmement, nous avons modélisé l'influence des séquences de dimérisation des FT sur la structure de l'interactome en utilisant des modèles de mélange Gaussien pour graphes aléatoires. Les groupes obtenus sont proches des précédents, et les paramètres estimés nous on conduit à conclure que chaque sous-domaine peut jouer un rôle différent en fonction de leur proximité phylogénétique.Enfin, nous sommes passés à l'échelle multi-cellulaire ou, par un graphe spatio-temporel, nous avons modélisé les premiers stades du développement floral d'A. thaliana. Nous avons pu extraire des caractéristiques cellulaires (3D+t) de reconstruction d'imagerie confocale, et avons démontré la possibilité de caractériser l'identité cellulaire en utilisant des méthodes de classification hiérarchique et des arbres de Markov cachés
A striking aspect of flowering plants is that, although they seem to display a great diversity of size and shape, they are made of the same basics constituents, that is the cells. The major challenge is then to understand how multicellular tissues, originally undifferentiated, can give rise to such complex shapes. We first investigated the uncharacterised signalling network of auxin since it is a major phytohormone involved in flower organogenesis.We started by determining the potential binary network, then applied model-based graph clustering methods relying on connectivity profiles. We demonstrated that it could be summarise in three groups, closely related to putative biological groups. The characterisation of the network function was made using ordinary differential equation modelling, which was later confirmed by experimental observations.In a second time, we modelled the influence of the protein dimerisation sequences on the auxin interactome structure using mixture of linear models for random graphs. This model lead us to conclude that these groups behave differently, depending on their dimerisation sequence similarities, and that each dimerisation domains might play different roles.Finally, we changed scale to represent the observed early stages of A. thaliana flower development as a spatio-temporal property graph. Using recent improvements in imaging techniques, we could extract 3D+t cellular features, and demonstrated the possibility of identifying and characterising cellular identity on this basis. In that respect, hierarchical clustering methods and hidden Markov tree have proven successful in grouping cell depending on their feature similarities
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Hooi, Wei Yeng. "Search for early molecular markers of the mantled floral variation of oil palm." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS244.

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Titre du projet: Recherche de marqueurs moléculaires précoces de l’anomalie florale mantled du palmier à huile Objectifs : - identifier des marqueurs d’expression de la variation somaclonale mantled par comparaison entre les transcriptomes conformes et variants.- valider la capacité de discrimination des marqueurs sélectionnés lors des stades précoces du processus in vitro. Stratégie et Méthode: Analyse transcriptomique de l’inflorescence normale de palmier à huile et construction d’un transcriptome de référence. Technique : RNAseq, séquençage Illumina.Identification des séquences et voies de régulation d’intérêt. Technique: analyse bioinformatique des données de séquençage.Comparaison entre les trancriptomes issus d’inflorescences normales vs. mantled par re-séquençage de banques obtenues ) partir de différents génotypes clonaux. Technique : Illumina.Identification des séquences présentant de manière cohérente des profils d’expression dépendant du phénotype. Technique : analyse bioinformatique des données de séquençage, analyse statistique des profils d’expression. Validation des marqueurs candidats sur des paires de régénérants normal/mantled issus de lignées clonales variées, ainsi que sur des cultures in vitro à différents stades du processus de régénération. Technique : PCR quantitative (q-PCR)
Project title : Search for early molecular markers of the mantled floral variation of oil palmObjectives : - identifying expression markers of the mantled somaclonal variation through the comparison between the true-to-type and the variant transcriptome. - assessing the discriminating power of the selected markers at early stages of the in vitro process.Strategy and Methods : Transcriptomic analysis of the normal oil palm inflorescence, construction of a reference transcriptome. Technique : RNAseq, Illumina sequencing.Identification of sequences and pathways of interest. Technique : bioinformatic analysis of sequencing data.Comparison between the normal and the mantled inflorescence transcriptome through the re-sequencing of libraries generated from several different clonal lines. Technique : Illumina. Identification of sequences displaying consistently a phenotype-dependent differential expression pattern. Technique : bioinformatic analysis of sequencing data, statistical analysis of expression patterns. Validation of candidate markers on normal/mantled regenerant palm pairs from different clonal lines and on normal-/mantled-derived in vitro cultures at various stages of the industrial regeneration process. Technique : quantitative PCR (q-PCR)
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FERRARI, ROBERTO. "MOLECULAR BASES OF SVP REGULATORY FUNCTIONS IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/521865.

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Flowering time regulation has a strong impact on plant life cycle, since it allows plants to flower and to reproduce under environmental permissive conditions. Several genes are involved in the regulatory pathways that determine the floral transition step, i.e. the switch from the plant vegetative phase to the reproductive phase and the consequent flower formation and fruit set. Among those genes, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), a MADS box transcription factor, acts as strong repressor of the so called florigen promoting genes, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1). Moreover, SVP has been also reported to act as a repressor of flower homeotic gene expression, thus ensuring the correct maintenance of floral meristem identity. Due to the relevance of SVP in both such important plant developmental stages, during my Ph.D. research program I tried to elucidate the molecular mechanisms at the basis of SVP activities. That has been done through different and complementary strategies that had the dual aim to identify SVP protein partners and to move the first steps towards the comprehension of the role of chloroplasts and chloroplast-nucleus signaling pathways in SVP functions. Co-immunoprecipitation assays followed by Mass Spectrometry analyses have allowed to draw up a list of Arabidopsis putative robust SVP interactors involved, at different levels, in chromatin organization and histone modification. Interestingly, the detailed characterization of the major Arabidopsis trimethyltransferase enzyme, SET DOMAIN GROUP 2 (SDG2), has revealed the existence of an SVP-SDG2 containing protein complex able to regulate the expression of SVP gene at the vegetative and reproductive meristems, by affecting the H3K4 methylation pattern within the first exon of SVP. Furthermore, our interests on the role of chloroplast-nucleus communication and its possible interactions with the flowering time regulation, have been met through the detailed characterization of two chloroplast-located PENTATRICO-PEPTIDE-REPEAT (PPR) containing proteins, which share three main features: i) they are part of the chloroplast gene expression machinery, ii) they are involved in chloroplast-nucleus communication, iii) they have been reported to be target genes of SVP by ChiP-seq assays. The detailed characterization of the Arabidopsis PPR proteins, GENOME UNCOUPLED 1 (GUN1) and CHLOROPLAST RNA PROCESSING 1 (AtCRP1), has provided the first preliminary insights into how chloroplast-nucleus signaling mechanisms may enable higher plants to more effectively adapt to the ever-changing internal and external conditions and mitigate detrimental effects to fitness.
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Sayou, Camille. "Structure, fonction et évolution de LEAFY, facteur de transcription clé du développement floral." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00949325.

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LEAFY (LFY) est un facteur de transcription central pour le développement des plantes, en particulier pour la floraison chez les angiospermes. LFY est très conservée, même chez les espèces ne portant pas de fleurs. On dispose de nombreuses données génétiques sur LFY et son réseau de régulation chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana, mais les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans son fonctionnement ne sont pas entièrement élucidés. LFY possède deux domaines conservés : un domaine de liaison à l'ADN et un domaine de fonction inconnue en position N-terminal. L'objectif a été de comprendre le rôle du domaine N-terminal et d'étudier l'évolution de la spécificité de liaison à l'ADN de LFY. Nous avons obtenu la structure cristallographique du domaine N-terminal de LFY et découvert qu'il s'agissait d'un domaine SAM (Sterile Alpha Motif) permettant l'oligomérisation de la protéine. Nous avons validé l'importance de cette propriété pour la fonction florale de LFY chez A. thaliana. Nous avons ensuite montré, par des analyses in vitro et in vivo en ChIP-seq que l'oligomérisation influençait la liaison à l'ADN en permettant une liaison coopérative sur plusieurs sites de liaison, en assurant la sélectivité de la protéine vis-à-vis de l'ADN et en permettant l'accès de la protéine à des régions génomiques où la conformation de la chromatine est normalement défavorable à la liaison. Cette étude intégrative a permis de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de LFY. Des modifications dans les réseaux de régulation de l'expression des gènes sont source de nouveauté et d'évolution. LFY étant très conservée et ne faisant pas partie d'une famille multigénique, nous nous sommes demandé si sa spécificité de liaison à l'ADN avait évoluée. Nous avons montré que LFY était apparue chez les algues multicellulaires et que sa spécificité avait connue au moins deux changements majeurs au cours de l'évolution. Nous avons expliqué ces modifications au niveau moléculaire par des approches de biologie structurale et de biochimie. Nous avons identifié une espèce chez qui LFY a une spécificité relâchée et nous proposons qu'une telle forme ait pu permettre les transitions d'une spécificité à une autre.
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Landberg, Katarina. "TERMINAL FLOWER2, the Arabidopsis HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 Homolog, and its Involvement in Plant Development." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7502.

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Nilsson, Lars. "Analysis of Two Transcriptional Regulators that Affect Meristem Function : Arabidopsis thaliana TERMINAL FLOWER2 and Picea abies APETELA2." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7437.

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Mantegazza, O. "SEARCHING FOR NEW GENETIC PATHWAYS IN EARLY FLOWER DEVELOPMENT OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/244021.

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During the production of flowers in Arabidopsis thaliana many key decisions are taken in a short lapse of time. The floral primordium has to be positioned correctly on the inflorescence meristem and it has to grow to the required dimension before flower organs are themselves positioned and differentiate. All these tasks are strictly controlled at a molecular level and the genetic networks that underlies them have been intensively studied in the last 30 years. Nevertheless we are far from having a comprehensive knowledge on this process and the genetic mechanism controlling the arise, identity of the floral primordium and the timing of its developmental phases are widely unknown. We have identified new genes potentially involved in early flower development with two approaches: (i) Analysis of the specific transcriptome of the earliest stages of flower development and (ii) Co-expression analysis using APETALA1 and LEAFY, two genes that determine the identity of the floral meristem, which is the earliest stage of flower development. We have observed that multiple REM transcription factors are co-expressed with APETALA1 and LEAFY. Characterizing insertional mutants for genes potentially involved in early flower development and REM transcription factors, we have rarely observed a phenotype in the stages under study. This is consistent with the hypothesis that genes controlling early flower development are often functionally redundant. We are implementing various methods to overcome functional redundancy implementing analysis of gene families, multiple RNA interference and gene targeting strategies.
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Books on the topic "Flower development biology"

1

Kababik, Dana. From seed to flower. Minneapolis MN: Lake Street Publishers, 2003.

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Early Development of the Human Pelvic Diaphragm (Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology). Springer, 2007.

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(Editor), Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz, Mario Roederer (Editor), and Hans J. Tanke (Editor), eds. Cytometry: New Developments, Volume 75, Fourth Edition (Methods in Cell Biology). 4th ed. Academic Press, 2004.

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(Editor), Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz, Mario Roederer (Editor), and Hans J. Tanke (Editor), eds. Cytometry: New Developments, Volume 75, Fourth Edition (Methods in Cell Biology). Academic Press, 2004.

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Darzynkiewicz, Zbigniew, Mario Roederer, and Hans J. Tanke. Cytometry: New Developments. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2005.

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Succi, Sauro. The Lattice Boltzmann Equation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199592357.001.0001.

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Over the past near three decades, the Lattice Boltzmann method has gained a prominent role as an efficient computational method for the numerical simulation of a wide variety of complex states of flowing matter across a broad range of scales, from fully developed turbulence, to multiphase micro-flows, all the way down to nano-biofluidics and lately, even quantum-relativistic subnuclear fluids. After providing a self-contained introduction to the kinetic theory of fluids and a thorough account of its transcription to the lattice framework, this book presents a survey of the major developments which have led to the impressive growth of the Lattice Boltzmann across most walks of fluid dynamics and its interfaces with allied disciplines, such as statistical physics, material science, soft matter and biology. This includes recent developments of Lattice Boltzmann methods for non-ideal fluids, micro- and nanofluidic flows with suspended bodies of assorted nature and extensions to strong non-equilibrium flows beyond the realm of continuum fluid mechanics. In the final part, the book also presents the extension of the Lattice Boltzmann method to quantum and relativistic fluids, in an attempt to match the major surge of interest spurred by recent developments in the area of strongly interacting holographic fluids, such as quark-gluon plasmas and electron flows in graphene. It is hoped that this book may provide a source information and possibly inspiration to a broad audience of scientists dealing with the physics of classical and quantum flowing matter across many scales of motion.
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Sklar, Larry A., ed. Flow Cytometry for Biotechnology. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195183146.001.0001.

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Flow cytometry is a sensitive and quantitative platform for the measurement of particle fluorescence. In flow cytometry, the particles in a sample flow in single file through a focused laser beam at rates of hundreds to thousands of particles per second. During the time each particle is in the laser beam, on the order of ten microseconds, one or more fluorescent dyes associated with that particle are excited. The fluorescence emitted from each particle is collected through a microscope objective, spectrally filtered, and detected with photomultiplier tubes. Flow cytometry is uniquely capable of the precise and quantitative molecular analysis of genomic sequence information, interactions between purified biomolecules and cellular function. Combined with automated sample handling for increased sample throughput, these features make flow cytometry a versatile platform with applications at many stages of drug discovery. Traditionally, the particles studied are cells, especially blood cells; flow cytometry is used extensively in immunology. This volume shows how flow cytometry is integrated into modern biotechnology, dealing with issues of throughput, content, sensitivity, and high throughput informatics with applications in genomics, proteomics and protein-protein interactions, drug discovery, vaccine development, plant and reproductive biology, pharmacology and toxicology, cell-cell interactions and protein engineering.
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(Editor), S. Chien, J. A. Dormandy (Editor), E. Ernst (Editor), and A. Matrai (Editor), eds. Clinical Hemorheology: Applications in Cardiovascular and Hematological Disease, Diabetes, Surgery and Gynecology (Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine). Springer, 1987.

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Muñoz-Moreno, María de Lourdes, and Michael H. Crawford, eds. Human Migration. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190945961.001.0001.

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Studies are shown on many aspects of migration, population development, human genetics, archaeology, anthropology, biology, linguistics, and a broad range of genomic studies on migration and cultural and social structures in the past and present. Human migration started in Africa spread to Asia and other regions of our globe and was assessed by studies on ancient and contemporary mtDNA sequencing distributed from the artic to South America. The evolutionary consequences of the settlement of the Aleutian Islands, Samoyedic-speaking populations from Siberia; early human migrations in Gabon Africa, the Republic of Sakha (formerly, Yakutia), African migration to Europe during the twenty-first century, and the Y-chromosome diversity in Aztlan descendants associated with the History of Central Mexico. Human migration influenced by cultural practices was evaluated by biocultural approaches to migration and urbanization in the Peruvian Amazonia, the Ch’orti’ Maya Diaspora in Search of Fertile Forests and Political Security. Evidence of human migration in the Puyil Cave (Puxcatán, Tabasco), the Maya and Zoques to the Mountain Region of Tabasco, Chiapas, Campeche, Quintana Too and Yucatan (from linguistic and archaeological perspectives) are also considered. It documented the migration of specific populations in the geographic distribution of diseases such as Dengue, and Mycobacterium. Human Migration: Biocultural Perspective explains human migration as a major contributor to globalization that facilitates gene flow and the exchange of cultures and ideas.
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McDougall, Jason J., and Joel A. Vilensky. The innervation of the joint and its role in osteoarthritis pain. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0007.

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Diarthrodial joints possess an extensive network of sensory and sympathetic nerve fibres whose physiological functions are varied and complex. Nerves are primarily located in the synovium but also innervate the subchondral bone, the outer third of menisci, and the superficial surface of tendons and ligaments. Large-diameter, myelinated neurons are involved in joint position sense while small-diameter neurons with thin or no myelin typically sense pain. The small-diameter nerves in conjunction with sympathetic fibres control synovial blood flow and maintain joint homeostasis. In patients with osteoarthritis (OA), the sensory nerves become sensitized and increase their firing rate in response to normal movement. This peripheral sensitization is mediated by numerous algogenic agents released into the OA knee including neuropeptides, eicosanoids, and proteinases. A portion of joint afferents fire in the absence of mechanical stimuli and encode pain at rest. Interestingly, the firing rate of joint afferents does not correlate with OA severity, indicating that pain is a poor predictor of joint pathology. Evidence is accumulating to suggest that a subpopulation of OA patients who are unresponsive to classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be suffering from neuropathic pain in which there is damage to the joint nerves themselves. Better understanding of the biology of joint nerves could help in the development of patient-targeted therapies to alleviate OA pain and inflammation.
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Book chapters on the topic "Flower development biology"

1

Twyman, R. M. "Flower Development." In BIOS Instant Notes in Developmental Biology, 429–38. London: Taylor & Francis, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416371-79.

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Hirano, Hiro-Yuki, Wakana Tanaka, and Taiyo Toriba. "Grass Flower Development." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 57–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9408-9_3.

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Krishnamurthy, K. V., and Bir Bahadur. "Genetics of Flower Development." In Plant Biology and Biotechnology, 385–407. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2286-6_16.

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Chahtane, Hicham, Xuelei Lai, Gabrielle Tichtinsky, Philippe Rieu, Moïra Arnoux-Courseaux, Coralie Cancé, Claudius Marondedze, and François Parcy. "Flower Development in Arabidopsis." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 3–38. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_1.

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Yamashita, H., and Y. Komeda. "Control of Flower Development." In Plant Developmental Biology - Biotechnological Perspectives, 195–208. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02301-9_10.

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Monniaux, Marie, and Michiel Vandenbussche. "Flower Development in the Solanaceae." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 39–58. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_2.

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Causier, Barry, and Brendan Davies. "Flower Development in the Asterid Lineage." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 35–55. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9408-9_2.

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Zúñiga-Mayo, Victor M., Yolanda Durán-Medina, Nayelli Marsch-Martínez, and Stefan de Folter. "Hormones and Flower Development in Arabidopsis." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 111–27. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_5.

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Wellmer, Frank, John L. Bowman, Brendan Davies, Cristina Ferrándiz, Jennifer C. Fletcher, Robert G. Franks, Emmanuelle Graciet, et al. "Flower Development: Open Questions and Future Directions." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 103–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9408-9_5.

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Álvarez-Urdiola, Raquel, José Tomás Matus, and José Luis Riechmann. "Multi-Omics Methods Applied to Flower Development." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 495–508. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flower development biology"

1

Zelinsky, Ellen. "A deeply conserved polygalacturonase functions in flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.989681.

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McQuinn, Ryan. "Flower development is regulated by a retrograde signaling cascade initiated in an Arabidopsis chloroplast biogenesis mutant." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1332418.

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Marshall, Carine. "The Intersection of Age, Environment, and the Circadian Clock on the Sunflower Capitulum Leads to Rhythms of Floret Development." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1053069.

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Krumpe, Peter E. "Evolutionary Biology of Airway Clearance." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0372.

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Abstract The survival of air breathers depends upon maintaining clear airways. The primary defense of the airways under normal conditions is the mucociliary escalator. Only under conditions of airway inflammation does cough clearance mechanisms become predominant. In order to facilitate the expectoration of mucous and retained particulates, cells, and debris, coupling between the air stream and the mucous layer must occur. High linear velocity of the airstream and unstable flow regimes (vortices, eddies) facilitates development of waves in the mucous layer. Expectoration requires a catastrophic separation of mucous from underlying airway structures. The response of airways is initially to secrete a deeper mucous layer, and to remodel airway glands to produce a mucous blend having a higher elastic modulus. Mucous rheologic properties seem to be tailored by the presence of inflammation to become more easily cleared, even at lower air flow rates which are characteristic of lung disease. Airway oscillations (wheezes and rhonchi) which are physical findings associated with airway inflammation may further enhance mucous clearance by adding additional energy to the mucous layer, aiding catastrophic separation. Thus airway clearance is a highly evolved and coordinated example of evolutionary biology.
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Spearing, Scott, Sang Young Son, Jeffrey Allen, and Lisa A. Monaco. "A Platform for Cross-Disciplinary Microchannel Research." In ASME 2003 1st International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2003-1126.

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A team from the structural biology group located at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville Alabama is developing a platform suitable for cross-disciplinary microchannel research. The original objective of this engineering development effort was to deliver a multi-user flight-certified facility for iterative investigations of protein crystal growth; that is, Iterative Biological Crystallization. However, the unique capabilities of this facility are not limited to the low-gravity structural biology research community. Microchannel-based research in a number of other areas may be greatly accelerated through use of this facility. In particular, the potential for gas-liquid flow investigations and cellular biological research utilizing the exceptional pressure control and simplified coupling to macroscale diagnostics inherent with the facility will be discussed. Also noted will be the opportunities for research-specific modifications to the microchannel configuration, control and diagnostics.
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Wilson, Zachary D., and Sean S. Kohles. "Modeling Nanomechanical Strains in Healthy and Diseased Single-Cells Due to Applied Fluidic Stresses." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13010.

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Advancements in technologies for assessing biomechanics at the cellular level have led to discoveries in the relationship between mechanics and biology (mechanotransduction) and the investigation of cell mechanics as a biomarker for disease [1]. With the recent development of an integrated optical tweezer with micron resolution particle image velocimetry (436 nm spatial resolution), the opportunity to apply controlled multiaxial stresses to suspended single cells is available [2]. A stress analysis was applied to experimental and theoretical flow velocity gradients of suspended cell-sized polystyrene microspheres in microfluidic environments representing the relevant geometry of non-adhered spherical cells as observed for osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and fibroblasts [3]. That analysis identified a very low level of applied stresses available during creeping laminar flow within straight and cross-junction microfluidic channel arrangements with uniform and extensional flows, respectively. As a followup study, the objective here was to apply a range of normal and shear stress profiles in a two-dimensional, computational analysis and estimate the responding cellular strains.
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Morales, Mercedes C., and Jeffrey D. Zahn. "Development of a Diffusion Limited Microfluidic Module for DNA Purification via Phenol Extraction." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68086.

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Purification of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by organic-aqueous liquid extraction, also called phenol extraction, is a standard technique commonly utilized in biology laboratories. In order to minimize interaction energies, membrane components and proteins naturally partition to the organic (phenol) phase while the DNA stays in the aqueous phase, where it can be easily removed. In recent years, microfluidics has become a driving force toward more efficient and autonomous platforms for fluid based diagnostics, chemical reaction chambers, separation and preparation of biological materials. In this work, fabrication, and performance of a long microfluidic device for DNA extraction are presented. The devices were fabricated using soft lithography to transfer lithographically defined features into a PDMS structure via replica molding. Stratified-flow experiments using a rhodamine dye conjugated bovine serum albumin protein (BSA) in an aqueous phase were conducted to demonstrate the ability to remove proteins from the aqueous phase into the phenol phase. Additionally, the study of BSA partitioning and DNA isolation in a two-phase system under stratified flow condition were presented, separately and conjunctly. Finally, protein partitioning and DNA recovery obtained with this device could be compared with other types of mixing and extraction such as mixing by droplet formation and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) instability.
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Lee, Gwo-Bin. "Microfluidics and Their Biomedical Applications." In ASME 2007 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2007-30164.

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Bio-micro-electro-mechanical-systems and microfluidic technologies combining knowledge from biology, analytical chemistry and miniaturization techniques have proven to be a promising approach to realize the concept of lab-on-a-chip, which perform a total analysis of a small amount of samples on a single chip. In this keynote paper, I am going to briefly introduce our previous works regarding several crucial microfluidic technologies including microfluidic focusing/switching and micro/nano-droplets formation. These technologies have been popular recently for microfluidic devices and systems. Several examples will be demonstrated, including micro flow cytometers for cell counting and sorting, and droplet formation chips for emulsion applications. The development of these technologies may be promising for biomedical applications.
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Paula, Dênia Reis de, Benedito de Sousa Almeida Filho, Carla Priscila Kamiya Carvalho Pessoa, Heloisa Maria De Luca Vespoli, and Eduardo Carvalho Pessoa. "THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ULTRASSONOGRAFIC PREDICTORS, LOBAR ANATOMY AND TUMOR BIOLOGY." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1016.

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Introduction: Since the 90s, breast ultrasound (US) features that predict malignancy or benignity are well established, but recently Stravos and Taboul et al. brought new concepts that set out to understand lobar anatomy and its relationship with breast lesions. Nowadays we seek to understand the relationship between breast anatomy and imaging to differentiate malignant from benign lesions and to predict their biological behavior. Objectives: To correlate breast lesions morphology and tumor biology with BIRADS® ultrasound predictors. Methods: This study was performed from 2012 to 2017. A total of 1,070 breast lesions underwent US examination and anatomopathological study. Collected data included patients’ age, tumor size, presence or absence of echogenic halo and ultrasound predictors of BIRADS® 5th edition (shape, margin, surrounding tissue, presence of calcifications, echogenicity, posterior acoustic effect, lesion borders, orientation and doppler). Patients ≥18 years old with benign lesions and breast carcinomas were included. Results: When a lesion grows affronting lobar anatomy in a non-parallel manner, a malignant process is suspected. The risk of malignancy for this predictor was 7.92-times higher. Benign lesions do not infiltrate adjacent tissue, resulting in a circumscribed margin. Breast carcinomas grow infiltratively creating tissue reactions. Thus, when margins are infiltrative, there is a greater risk of malignancy – spiculated (61.4 times), angulated (24.4 times), microlobulated (9.4 times), indistinct (6.8 times). The presence of halo increased the risk by 25.3 times and thickening of the surrounding tissue by 6.7 times. In carcinomas, irregular shape is the most prevalent. But in fast growing lesions, round shape can also be found. We found a 6.27-fold increased risk in irregular tumors and 1.86-fold in round ones. Carcinomas with a large fibrous component generate posterior acoustic shadowing, a finding linked to cancer. We found a 2.56-fold increased risk. Acoustic enhancement was also observed in high cellularity tumors, such as triple negative. In our series, the risk of malignancy was 8.1 times higher. Ultrasound also contribute to the study of calcifications. Its presence within the nodule increased the risk by 3.55 times for malignancy. Heterogeneous lesions in this study showed a 5.1-fold risk. Angiogenesis is important in differentiating benign and malignant lesions, using doppler to assess this. Lesions with inner flow increased the risk by 5.39 times. Conclusions: Breast imaging, mainly with radiogenomics and radiomics development, is used to assess predictors of malignancy and benignity from a new perspective. It is important to understand the reason of a particular phenotype and its biological implications. In this context, the present study shows new data and brings a reflection on the reason for each finding, adapting the interpretation of US predictors to a new era of breast imaging.
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Petrov, Nikita Aleksandrovich, Yuliya Sergeevna Sidorova, Alla Alekseevna Kochetkova, and Vladimir Kimovich Mazo. "DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF COMPLEXES OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS WITH BIOPOLYMER MATRICES." In NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-1-4.36.

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The paper presents the results of a preclinical assessment of the effectiveness of food ingredients: a concentrate of blueberry leaf polyphenols sorbed on buckwheat flour, and a concentrate of phytoecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone and quinoa grain flavonoids sorbed on chicken egg white.
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Reports on the topic "Flower development biology"

1

Anderson, Olin, and Gad Galili. Development of Assay Systems for Bioengineering Proteins that Affect Dough Quality and Wheat Utilization. United States Department of Agriculture, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568781.bard.

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The quality and utilization of wheat is largely dependent upon the exact physical/chemical properties of the doughs made from flour/water mixtures. Among the wheat seed components most correlated with dough visoelastic parameters are the high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits whose disulfide cross-linked macropolymer is critical for dough functionality. We have used the tools of molecular biology, wheat transformation, heterologous expression of HMW-glutenin subunits in bacteria, and dough micro-mixing experiments to examine some of the molecular basis of HMW-glutenin functionality. In addition, we have developed sets of modified and synthetic gene constructs and transgenic wheat lines that will allow further examination of the role of the HMW-glutenins. Among the results from this work is evidence that the HMW-glutenin repeat domain is directly related to dough properties, the demonstration that interaction between subunits is dependent upon domain presence but not order, a novel understanding of the restrictions on intra-vs inter-chain disulfide bonds, the demonstration that HMW-glutenin genes can be transformed into wheat for simultaneously high expression of the transgene and suppression of the endogenous genes, and the construction of a set of modified HMW-glutenins capable of being epitope tagged for studying polypeptide subcellular processing and the fate of HMW-glutenins in dough mixing experiments.
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2

Savosko, V., I. Komarova, Yu Lykholat, E. Yevtushenko, and T. Lykholat. Predictive model of heavy metals inputs to soil at Kryvyi Rih District and its use in the training for specialists in the field of Biology. IOP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4511.

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The importance of our research is due to the need to introduce into modern biological education methods of predictive modeling which are based on relevant factual material. Such an actual material may be the entry of natural and anthropic heavy metals into the soil at industrial areas. The object of this work: (i) to work out a predictive model of the total heavy metals inputs to soil at the Kryvyi Rih ore-mining & metallurgical District and (ii) to identify ways to use this model in biological education. Our study areas are located in the Kryvyi Rih District (Dnipropetrovsk region, Central Ukraine). In this work, classical scientific methods (such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and formalization, abstraction and concretization, classification and modelling) were used. By summary the own research results and available scientific publications, the heavy metals total inputs to soils at Kryvyi Rih District was predicted. It is suggested that the current heavy metals content in soils of this region due to 1) natural and 2) anthropogenic flows, which are segmented into global and local levels. Predictive calculations show that heavy metals inputs to the soil of this region have the following values (mg ⋅ m2/year): Fe – 800-80 000, Mn – 125-520, Zn – 75-360, Ni – 20-30, Cu – 15-50, Pb – 7.5-120, Cd – 0.30-0.70. It is established that anthropogenic flows predominate in Fe and Pb inputs (60-99 %), natural flows predominate in Ni and Cd inputs (55-95 %). While, for Mn, Zn, and Cu inputs the alternate dominance of natural and anthropogenic flows are characterized. It is shown that the predictive model development for heavy metals inputs to soils of the industrial region can be used for efficient biological education (for example in bachelors of biologists training, discipline "Computer modelling in biology").
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3

Савосько, Василь Миколайович, Ірина Олександрівна Комарова, Юрій Васильович Лихолат, Едуард Олексійович Євтушенко,, and Тетяна Юріївна Лихолат. Predictive Model of Heavy Metals Inputs to Soil at Kryvyi Rih District and its Use in the Training for Specialists in the Field of Biology. IOP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4266.

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The importance of our research is due to the need to introduce into modern biological education methods of predictive modeling which are based on relevant factual material. Such an actual material may be the entry of natural and anthropic heavy metals into the soil at industrial areas. The object of this work: (i) to work out a predictive model of the total heavy metals inputs to soil at the Kryvyi Rih ore-mining & metallurgical District and (ii) to identify ways to use this model in biological education. Our study areas are located in the Kryvyi Rih District (Dnipropetrovsk region, Central Ukraine). In this work, classical scientific methods (such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and formalization, abstraction and concretization, classification and modelling) were used. By summary the own research results and available scientific publications, the heavy metals total inputs to soils at Kryvyi Rih District was predicted. It is suggested that the current heavy metals content in soils of this region due to 1) natural and 2) anthropogenic flows, which are segmented into global and local levels. Predictive calculations show that heavy metals inputs to the soil of this region have the following values ( mg ∙ m ଶ year ⁄ ): Fe – 800-80 000, Mn – 125-520, Zn – 75-360, Ni – 20-30, Cu – 15-50, Pb – 7.5-120, Cd – 0.30-0.70. It is established that anthropogenic flows predominate in Fe and Pb inputs (60-99 %), natural flows predominate in Ni and Cd inputs (55-95 %). While, for Mn, Zn, and Cu inputs the alternate dominance of natural and anthropogenic flows are characterized. It is shown that the predictive model development for heavy metals inputs to soils of the industrial region can be used for efficient biological education (for example in bachelors of biologists training, discipline “Computer modelling in biology”).
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4

Hirschberg, Joseph, and Gloria A. Moore. Molecular Analysis of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Plants: Characterizing the Genes Psy, Pds and CrtL-e. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568744.bard.

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In this research we have studied the molecular biology of carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato. The investigations focused on the genes Pds and Psy, encoding desaturase and phytoene synthase, respectively, which are key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of lycopene and b-carotene. In addition, we have investigated the genes for lycopene cyclase. We have cloned from tomato and characterized the cDNA of CrtL-e, which encodes the lycopene e-cyclase, and analyzed its expression during fruit development. The results establish a paradigm for the regulation of carotenoid pigment biosynthesis during the ripening process of fruits. It is concluded that transcriptional regulation of genes that encode carotenoid-biosynthesis enzymes is the major mechanism that governs specific pigment accumulation. During the ripening of tomato fruits transcription of the genes encoding the enzymes phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase is up-regulated, while the transcription of the genes for both lycopene cyclases decreases and thus the conversion of lycopene to subsequent carotenoids is inhibited. These findings support the working hypothesis of the molecular approach to manipulating carotenogenesis by altering gene expression in transgenic plants, and offer obvious strategies to future application in agriculture. The molecular and physiological knowledge on carotenogenesis gained in this project, suggest a concept for manipulating gene expression that will alter carotenoid composition in fruits and flowers.
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Shaw, John, Arieh Rosner, Thomas Pirone, Benjamin Raccah, and Yehezkiel Antignus. The Role of Specific Viral Genes and Gene Products in Potyviral Pathogenicity, Host Range and Aphid Transmission. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7561070.bard.

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In this research we have studied the molecular biology of carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato. The investigations focused on the genes Pds and Psy, encoding desaturase and phytoene synthase, respectively, which are key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of lycopene and b-carotene. In addition, we have investigated the genes for lycopene cyclase. We have cloned from tomato and characterized the cDNA of CrtL-e, which encodes the lycopene e-cyclase, and analyzed its expression during fruit development. The results establish a paradigm for the regulation of carotenoid pigment biosynthesis during the ripening process of fruits. It is concluded that transcriptional regulation of genes that encode carotenoid-biosynthesis enzymes is the major mechanism that governs specific pigment accumulation. During the ripening of tomato fruits transcription of the genes encoding the enzymes phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase is up-regulated, while the transcription of the genes for both lycopene cyclases decreases and thus the conversion of lycopene to subsequent carotenoids is inhibited. These findings support the working hypothesis of the molecular approach to manipulating carotenogenesis by altering gene expression in transgenic plants, and offer obvious strategies to future application in agriculture. The molecular and physiological knowledge on carotenogenesis gained in this project, suggest a concept for manipulating gene expression that will alter carotenoid composition in fruits and flowers.
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