Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flower colour

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Flower colour'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flower colour"

1

Gegear, Robert J., and Terence M. Laverty. "Effect of a colour dimorphism on the flower constancy of honey bees and bumble bees." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-029.

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We assessed the flower constancy of Italian honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica Spinelli, 1808) and bumble bees (Bombus impatiens Cresson, 1863) by presenting individual foragers with a mixed array of equally rewarding yellow and blue flowers after they were trained to visit each colour in succession. All honey bees showed a high degree of flower constancy to one colour and rarely visited the alternate colour, whereas most bumble bees indiscriminately visited both colours. Foraging rates (flowers visited per minute) and flower handling times did not differ between honey bee and bumble bee foragers; however, bumble bees tended to fly farther between consecutive flower visits and make fewer moves to nearest neighbouring flowers than honey bees. When bees were forced to specialize on one of two previously rewarding flower colours by depleting one colour of reward, honey bees required almost twice as many flower visits to specialize on the rewarding flower colour as bumble bees. Together, these results suggest that the relationship between individual flower constancy and colour differences is not a general behavioural phenomenon in honey and bumble bees, perhaps because of differences in the ability of each group to effectively manage multiple colours at the same time and location.
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Dyer, Adrian G., Skye Boyd-Gerny, Stephen McLoughlin, Marcello G. P. Rosa, Vera Simonov, and Bob B. M. Wong. "Parallel evolution of angiosperm colour signals: common evolutionary pressures linked to hymenopteran vision." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1742 (June 6, 2012): 3606–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0827.

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Flowering plants in Australia have been geographically isolated for more than 34 million years. In the Northern Hemisphere, previous work has revealed a close fit between the optimal discrimination capabilities of hymenopteran pollinators and the flower colours that have most frequently evolved. We collected spectral data from 111 Australian native flowers and tested signal appearance considering the colour discrimination capabilities of potentially important pollinators. The highest frequency of flower reflectance curves is consistent with data reported for the Northern Hemisphere. The subsequent mapping of Australian flower reflectances into a bee colour space reveals a very similar distribution of flower colour evolution to the Northern Hemisphere. Thus, flowering plants in Australia are likely to have independently evolved spectral signals that maximize colour discrimination by hymenoptera. Moreover, we found that the degree of variability in flower coloration for particular angiosperm species matched the range of reflectance colours that can only be discriminated by bees that have experienced differential conditioning. This observation suggests a requirement for plasticity in the nervous systems of pollinators to allow generalization of flowers of the same species while overcoming the possible presence of non-rewarding flower mimics.
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Narbona, Eduardo, José C. del Valle, and Justen B. Whittall. "Painting the green canvas: how pigments produce flower colours." Biochemist 43, no. 3 (May 28, 2021): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio_2021_137.

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Flowering plants are characterized by the production of striking flower colours and these colours are primarily caused by the accumulation of pigments in cells of the floral organs. The extraordinary array of colours displayed in flowers relies on four main pigment groups: chlorophylls, carotenoids, flavonoids and betalains. With thousands of different compounds, flavonoids are the most diverse and widespread pigment group. They include coloured anthocyanins, aurones and chalcones, as well as many flavonoid compounds such as flavones and flavonols that are invisible to humans, but visible to most pollinators since they absorb ultraviolet light (UV). Flowers may exhibit homogenous colours produced by only one type of pigment or extremely complex colour patterns caused by the accumulation of several types of pigments in the same or in different floral organs. Here, we review the ecological biochemistry of pigments affecting flower colour. We also present data of flower colour variation and provide future research directions guided by the physiological functions of floral pigments.
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Rizqiani, Yanuar, Florentina Kusmiyati, and Syaiful Anwar. "Keragaman warna bunga m1 tanaman aster (Callistephus chinensis) Hasil induksi mutasi iradiasi sinar gamma." Journal of Agro Complex 2, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/joac.2.1.52-58.

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The aims of research was to determine the effect of gamma ray on the flower colour of Daisies. The research design was completely randomized design with five replicates. The irradiation treatment of gamma ray were 0 Gy, 5 Gy, 10 Gy, 15 Gy, 20 Gy. Parameters observed were stalk length, time of flowering, number of flowers, flower diameter, and flower colour. The collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Least Significance Different (LSD) of 5% level. The result showed that irradiation of gamma ray did not affected stalk length, number of flowers, and time of flowering. The gamma ray irradiation had a significant effect on flower diameter. Gamma ray irradiation significantly decreased the diameter of flower. The flower colour at doses 0 Gy (control) was purple. Colour flower was varied from dark purple to pink at irradiation 10 Gy and 15 Gy. Keywords: Callistephus chinensis, mutation, irradiation, colour of flower.
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Hassan Al-Bugg, Younis Saeed. "Fruiting Season, Flowering and Peel Characteristics of Leucaena spp. Analytical Study (B)." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 64, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.64.2.2021.175.181.

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During the flowering seasons the species varied greatly and the seasons were seldom repeated (August-October) with only three species and two species (April-June), which means that they continued throughout the months of the year. Three colours of the flower were observed in total with gradient within these three colours distributed to the studied species. In terms of the colour of the peel, two colours were distinguished only in favour of the brown-gray colour, while the forms of cracks on the outer peel surface were divided into three forms. On the other hand, each type was independent when examining the colour of the inner peel. The shape of the cross section of the branch exceeded 81.8% for the circular shape on the angular shape, while two types of branch thickness were recorded and exactly the same for texture. It was possible to observe two forms of branching of the flower-bearing branches, which were very similar to those of the two forms (non-branching and branching) with a large difference between the two forms of the flower's apex, at a rate of 20 times the round shape and 90.9% of the shape of the flower. Two flowers shoots growing types were observed named (Auxotelic and an Anauxotelic). Three main colours, white, yellow and pink were distinguished and the flower head diameter varied widely between (6.5-30 mm). Flowers season seems to be in all of the year. Outer peel thickness also varied from thick to thin to intermediate. Three forms of peel fissures were found and 54.5% to mid-brown colour. Inner peel colour can be a good item to be a key of classification of this tree. Correlation coefficient between peel thickness and outer peel colour was 0.935.
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Rudall, Paula J. "Colourful cones: how did flower colour first evolve?" Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 3 (December 3, 2019): 759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz479.

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Abstract Angiosperms that are biotically pollinated typically produce flowers with bright and contrasting colours that help to attract pollinators and hence contribute to the reproductive success of the species. This colourful array contrasts with the much less multicoloured reproductive structures of the four living gymnosperm lineages, which are mostly wind pollinated, though cycads and Gnetales are predominantly pollinated by insects that feed on surface fluids from the pollination drops. This review examines the possible evolutionary pathways and cryptic clues for flower colour in both living and fossil seed plants. It investigates how the ancestral flowering plants could have overcome the inevitable trade-off that exists between attracting pollinators and minimizing herbivory, and explores the possible evolutionary and biological inferences from the colours that occur in some living gymnosperms. The red colours present in the seed-cone bracts of some living conifers result from accumulation of anthocyanin pigments; their likely primary function is to help protect the growing plant tissues under particular environmental conditions. Thus, the visual cue provided by colour in flower petals could have first evolved as a secondary effect, probably post-dating the evolution of bee colour vision but occurring before the subsequent functional accumulation of a range of different flower pigments.
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Newman, Ethan, Bruce Anderson, and Steven D. Johnson. "Flower colour adaptation in a mimetic orchid." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1737 (February 2012): 2309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2375.

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Although the tremendous variability in floral colour among angiosperms is often attributed to divergent selection by pollinators, it is usually difficult to preclude the possibility that floral colour shifts were driven by non-pollinator processes. Here, we examine the adaptive significance of flower colour in Disa ferruginea , a non-rewarding orchid that is thought to attract its butterfly pollinator by mimicking the flowers of sympatric nectar-producing species. Disa ferruginea has red flowers in the western part of its range and orange flowers in the eastern part—a colour shift that we hypothesized to be the outcome of selection for resemblance to different local nectar-producing plants. Using reciprocal translocations of red and orange phenotypes as well as arrays of artificial flowers, we found that the butterfly Aeropetes tulbaghia , the only pollinator of the orchid, preferred both the red phenotype and red artificial flowers in the west where its main nectar plant also has red flowers, and both the orange phenotype and orange artificial flowers in the east, where its main nectar plant has orange flowers. This phenotype by environment interaction demonstrates that the flower colour shift in D. ferruginea is adaptive and driven by local colour preference in its pollinator.
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Tanaka, Yoshikazu, and Filippa Brugliera. "Flower colour and cytochromes P450." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1612 (February 19, 2013): 20120432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0432.

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Cytochromes P450 play important roles in biosynthesis of flavonoids and their coloured class of compounds, anthocyanins, both of which are major floral pigments. The number of hydroxyl groups on the B-ring of anthocyanidins (the chromophores and precursors of anthocyanins) impact the anthocyanin colour, the more the bluer. The hydroxylation pattern is determined by two cytochromes P450, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) and flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and thus they play a crucial role in the determination of flower colour. F3′H and F3′5′H mostly belong to CYP75B and CYP75A, respectively, except for the F3′5′Hs in Compositae that were derived from gene duplication of CYP75B and neofunctionalization. Roses and carnations lack blue/violet flower colours owing to the deficiency of F3′5′H and therefore lack the B-ring-trihydroxylated anthocyanins based upon delphinidin. Successful redirection of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway to delphinidin was achieved by expressing F3′5′H coding regions resulting in carnations and roses with novel blue hues that have been commercialized. Suppression of F3′5′H and F3′H in delphinidin-producing plants reduced the number of hydroxyl groups on the anthocyanidin B-ring resulting in the production of monohydroxylated anthocyanins based on pelargonidin with a shift in flower colour to orange/red. Pelargonidin biosynthesis is enhanced by additional expression of a dihydroflavonol 4-reductase that can use the monohydroxylated dihydrokaempferol (the pelargonidin precursor). Flavone synthase II (FNSII)-catalysing flavone biosynthesis from flavanones is also a P450 (CYP93B) and contributes to flower colour, because flavones act as co-pigments to anthocyanins and can cause blueing and darkening of colour. However, transgenic plants expression of a FNSII gene yielded paler flowers owing to a reduction of anthocyanins because flavanones are precursors of anthocyanins and flavones.
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Ng, Leslie, Jair E. Garcia, and Adrian G. Dyer. "Why colour is complex: Evidence that bees perceive neither brightness nor green contrast in colour signal processing." FACETS 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 800–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2017-0116.

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Honey bees ( Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) potentially rely on a variety of visual cues when searching for flowers in the environment. Both chromatic and achromatic (brightness) components of flower signals have typically been considered simultaneously to understand how flower colours have evolved. However, it is unclear whether honey bees actually use brightness information in their colour perception. We investigated whether free-flying honey bees can process brightness cues in achromatic stimuli when presented at a large visual angle of 28° to ensure colour processing. We found that green contrast (modulation of the green receptor against the background) and brightness contrast (modulation of all three receptors against the background) did not have a significant effect on the proportion of correct choices made by bees, indicating that they did not appear to use brightness cues in a colour processing context. Our findings also reveal that, even at a small visual angle, honeybees do not reliably process single targets solely based on achromatic information, at least considering values up to 60% modulation of brightness. We discuss these findings in relation to proposed models of bee colour processing. Therefore, caution should be taken when interpreting elemental components of complex flower colours as perceived by different animals.
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Casci, Tanita. "Flower colour power." Nature Reviews Genetics 5, no. 1 (January 2004): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg1256.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flower colour"

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Nasser, Naji Swadi. "Flower colour inheritance in zonal pelargoniums." Thesis, Swansea University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507974.

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Elis, Mabon. "Evolutionary genetics of flower colour variation in Antirrhinum." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/69572/.

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Phenotypic differences between species and populations can reveal much about how they have adapted and responded to a complex set of environmental cues. Studies have shown that genetic control of some traits is centralised to single genomic regions, while others are regulated at many unlinked loci dispersed throughout the genome. One trait that shows an enormous degree of variation between plant species is flower colour, and its tractability makes it an ideal trait for studying genetic differences underlying species differentiation. Antirrhinum majus has long been used as a model for studying floral traits, including colour. The 20-30 wild Antirrhinum species use diverse patterns on their flowers, formed by producing and accumulating magenta anthocyanins and yellow aurones in different tissues, to attract pollinators. In this project, I sought to genetically map flower colour phenotypes to the Antirrhinum genome. Several Antirrhinum species were crossed to A. majus to generate segregating populations. I used a combination of bulked segregant analysis, individual genotyping of segregating populations and analysis of genome sequences from wild accessions to test whether genes governing each colour trait were concentrated at particular loci or dispersed across many chromosomes. I found that variation in magenta not previously characterised maps to the known ROSEA-ELUTA (ROS-EL) locus where transcription factors regulating anthocyanin production are encoded. Yellow phenotypes from three species mapped to chromosome 2, where there is reduced recombination between A. majus and many wild species, and where an aurone biosynthetic enzyme is encoded. However, there appear to be some additional modifiers of flower colour in these species, not linked to the ROS-EL and chromosome 2 loci. These results fit neither the central- nor dispersed-control models of genetic control, but rather an intermediate hypothesis - that flower colour can be changed by selection acting on a modest number of loci spread throughout the genome.
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Arnold, Sarah Elizabeth Joan. "Flowers through insect eyes : the contribution of pollinator vision to the evolution of flower colour." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/622.

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Flowers’ colours are an essential element of their ability to attract visits from pollinators. However, the colours as they appear to human observers can differ substantially from their appearance to insect pollinators, and so it is essential to consider pollinator vision in any study of the ecology of flower colour. In this thesis I describe how I have overseen the development of an online database to provide accurate information on floral spectral reflectance measured without human observational bias. This resource allows a more accurate consideration of flower colours in future studies, and permits investigations of flower colours within and across habitats. Using the records in this database, I analysed flowers from two European habitats for spatial or temporal changes, modelling the colours according to insect visual perception. I discovered that the insect-colour composition of the plant communities does not change either along an altitudinal gradient or throughout the year. These novel and ecologically-relevant analyses contradict previous observational studies, but support the theory of a pollination “market” in which flowers compete for pollinator visitation. I then describe my experimental investigations into the visual capabilities of two pollinators and how this may relate to what colours of flowers they visit. Firstly I study the foraging behaviour of bees under spatially inconsistent illumination and how this impacts on their choice behaviour. I revealed patchy light can have measurable effects on bee foraging behaviour: they intentionally choose familiar over unfamiliar illumination, which may impact on the flowers they visit in complex natural environments. Secondly, I detail the new evidence for a red-sensitive photoreceptor in South African monkey beetles, a major pollinator in a habitat containing many longwavelength- reflecting flowers, which are not classically “attractive” to bees. Throughout this thesis, I explore how pollinator vision has shaped the evolution of flower colours in different contexts.
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Almeida, Jorge Alexandre Matos Pinto de. "Molecular genetics of patterns of flower colour in Antirrhinum majus." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329364.

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Berglund, Hilda-Linn. "Effects of flower abundance and colour on pan-trap catches." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133077.

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Pollinating insects are important for many plants and for the human population. To be able to monitor pollinators and assess improvements made for them, it is important to get information about pollinator population changes. Therefore, it is essential that the methods used to collect data are accurate (i.e. that they represent the pollinator fauna). One commonly used method is pan-traps, but this method is suggested to be affected by the abundance of surrounding flowers. The results in the present study showed that catches in pan-traps can be affected by flower cover and the colour of the flowers, depending on which colours are preferred by the insects. The effects differed when looking at a larger scale (2-6 ha) and a smaller scale (25 m2) around the pan-traps. When comparing cover of flowers with catches in pan-traps in the small scale there were some results that showed linear positive correlations (expected), but also, negative linear and quadratic correlations. In contrast, in the large scale there were no significant positive linear correlations. When comparing catches in hand-net and pan-traps, only in one out of six taxonomical groups there were a correlation. The results in this study show that catches in pan-traps can be misleading if catches are done to survey pollinator population fauna and the cover of flowers is not considered.
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Tiengtum, Pimol. "Towards the genetic manipulation of flower colour in Petunia and Curcuma." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269714.

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Faruq, Samia. "Comparing the efficiency of computational colour constancy algorithms in agent-based simulations : flower colours and pollinators as a model." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8476.

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The perceived colour of an object depends on its spectral reflection and spectral composition of the illuminant. Upon illumination change, the light reflected from the object also varies. This results in a different colour sensation if no colour constancy mechanism is available to form consistent representations of colours across various illuminants. We explore various colour constancy mechanisms in an agent-based model of foraging bees selecting flower colour based on reward. The simulations are based on empirically determined spatial distributions of various flower species in different plant communities, their rewards and spectral reflectance properties. Simulated foraging bees memorise the colours of flowers experienced as being most rewarding, and their task is to discriminate against other flower colours with lower rewards, even in the face of changing illumination conditions. The experimental setup of the simulation of bees foraging under different photic environments reveals the performance of various colour constancy mechanisms as well as the selective pressures on flower colour as a result of changing light. We compared the performance of von Kries photoreceptor adaptation and various computational colour constancy models based on the retinex theory with (hypothetical) bees with perfect colour constancy, and with modelled bees with colour blindness. While each individual model generated moderate improvements over a colour-blind bee, the most powerful recovery of reflectance in the face of changing illumination was generated by computational mechanisms that increase perceptual distances between co-occurring colours in the scene. We verified the results of our model using various comparisons between modelled bees’ performance and that predicted by our models, as well as exploring the implications for flower colour distribution in a variety of representative habitats under realistic illumination conditions.
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Kabwazi, Harvey Hendryson Nelson. "The genetics of flower colour and flavonoid pigments in the genus Pelargonium." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309094.

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Whibley, Annabel C. "Molecular and genetic variation underlying the evolution of flower colour in Antirrhinum." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423798.

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Tavares, Hugo. "Evolutionary genetics and genomics of flower colour loci in an Antirrhinum hybrid zone." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/52043/.

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Unravelling the genetic nature of reproductive isolation is crucial to understanding the maintenance of diversity between populations. In hybrid zones, loci that establish a barrier to gene flow between populations remain divergent, whereas neutral unlinked loci become mixed. In those instances, fit allelic combinations across several loci can be maintained through selection, but this is antagonized by gene flow and recombination. Here, I show that particular allelic combinations in a linked cluster of loci responsible for a flower colour polymorphism between two A. majus subspecies are maintained despite recombination in a hybrid zone. I reveal that a known locus that controls the magenta flower colour of the subspecies, ROSEA (ROS), is highly divergent between them, compared with most of the genome. The divergence region extends downstream of ROS, likely due to selection on another linked, but unidentified, locus that also controls flower colour, ELUTA (EL). Fine-mapping experiments identified an interval containing EL and regions within ROS that control different components of the magenta phenotype. Transcriptome analysis from flower buds suggests that MYB-like transcription factors within the mapped intervals control this trait. ROS and EL interact epistatically, meaning that the phenotype of an individual depends on the particular allelic combination it has for these loci. In the hybrid zone, markers in ROS and EL are in high linkage disequilibrium, but ~5% of recombinant haplotypes were found in the population. Recombinant haplotypes modify the phenotype of the flowers in relation to the parental subspecies, and therefore may be selected against. The data suggest that allelic combinations in ROS-EL are maintained by selection, despite gene flow and recombination between the two subspecies. This work reveals the consequences of selection, gene flow and recombination in shaping the patterns of genomic divergence in linked clusters of loci that establish an isolating barrier between populations.
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Books on the topic "Flower colour"

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Stuart, Thomas Graham, ed. Colour in the flower garden. London: Mitchell Beazley, 1995.

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Stuart, Thomas Graham, ed. Colour in the flower garden. Portland, Or: Sagapress/Timber Press, 1995.

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Jekyll, Gertrude. Colour schemes for the flower garden. Leicester: Windward, 1988.

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Jekyll, Gertrude. Colour schemes for the flower garden. London: Frances Lincoln, 1995.

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Mulder-Krieger, Thea. Anthocyanins as flower pigments: Feasibilities for flower colour modification. Dordrecht: Distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.

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Charlotte, Wess, ed. Colour schemes for the flower garden. Leicester: Windward, 1987.

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Decorating with flowers: Using colour and texture in flower arranging. London: Merehurst, 1991.

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Bountiful blooms: Preserving flowers with colour. Rozelle, NSW, Australia: S. Milner Pub., 1993.

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Twelve months of colour. Kenthurst, NSW: Kangaroo Press, 1990.

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Abbott, Marylyn. Gardening with light & colour. London: Kyle Cathie, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flower colour"

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Mulder-Krieger, Th, and R. Verpoorte. "Flower Colour." In Anthocyanins as Flower Pigments, 85–113. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0906-2_5.

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Brouillard, Raymond, and Olivier Dangles. "Flavonoids and flower colour." In The Flavonoids, 565–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2911-2_13.

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Brouillard, Raymond. "Flavonoids and flower colour." In The Flavonoids, 525–38. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2913-6_16.

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Mulder-Krieger, Th, and R. Verpoorte. "Modification of Flower Colour." In Anthocyanins as Flower Pigments, 114–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0906-2_6.

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Kreissig, Katharina. "Yellow Flowers." In Identify Common Tropical and Subtropical Ornamental Plants by Flower Colour, 1–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58817-8_1.

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Kreissig, Katharina. "Orange Flowers." In Identify Common Tropical and Subtropical Ornamental Plants by Flower Colour, 17–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58817-8_2.

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Kreissig, Katharina. "Red Flowers." In Identify Common Tropical and Subtropical Ornamental Plants by Flower Colour, 31–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58817-8_3.

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Kreissig, Katharina. "Pink Flowers." In Identify Common Tropical and Subtropical Ornamental Plants by Flower Colour, 57–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58817-8_4.

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Kreissig, Katharina. "Blue Flowers." In Identify Common Tropical and Subtropical Ornamental Plants by Flower Colour, 73–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58817-8_5.

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Kreissig, Katharina. "White Flowers." In Identify Common Tropical and Subtropical Ornamental Plants by Flower Colour, 79–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58817-8_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flower colour"

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Zhou, Ning, Weiming Dong, Jiaxin Wang, and Jean-Claude Paul. "Modeling and Visualization of Flower Color Patterns." In 2007 10th IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cadcg.2007.4407872.

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Rosyani, P., M. Taufik, A. A. Waskita, and D. H. Apriyanti. "Comparison of color model for flower recognition." In 2018 3rd International Conference on Information Technology, Information System and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitisee.2018.8721026.

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"Artistic Features of Colors in Traditional Flower and Bird Painting based on Color Science." In 2017 International Conference on Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/ssah.2017.48.

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Lodh, Avishikta, and Ranjan Parekh. "Flower recognition system based on color and GIST features." In 2017 Devices for Integrated Circuit (DevIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/devic.2017.8074061.

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Liang, Kui. "Color Performance of Chinese Flower-and-Bird Fine Brushwork." In 2016 International Conference on Education, Sports, Arts and Management Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icesame-16.2016.157.

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Najjar, Asma, and Ezzeddine Zagrouba. "Flower image segmentation based on color analysis and a supervised evaluation." In 2012 International Conference on Communications and Information Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccitechnol.2012.6285834.

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"Image Flower Recognition based on a New Method for Color Feature Extraction." In International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004636302010206.

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Ku-Mahamud, Ku Ruhana. "Hybrid ant colony system and flower pollination algorithms for global optimization." In 2015 9th International Conference on IT in Asia (CITA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cita.2015.7349816.

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Xu, Rui, Andrew Paterson, and Changying Li. "<i>Cotton flower detection using aerial color images</i>." In 2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201701080.

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Desse, Jean Michel, and Jean-Louis Tribillon. "Real-time colour Denisyuk setup for analyzing high-speed flows." In Speckle06: Speckles, From Grains to Flowers, edited by Pierre Slangen and Christine Cerruti. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.695456.

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Reports on the topic "Flower colour"

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Flaishman, Moshe, Herb Aldwinckle, Shulamit Manulis, and Mickael Malnoy. Efficient screening of antibacterial genes by juvenile phase free technology for developing resistance to fire blight in pear and apple trees. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613881.bard.

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Objectives: The original objectives of this project were to: Produce juvenile-free pear and apple plants and examine their sensitivity to E. amylovora; Design novel vectors, for antibacterial proteins and promoters expression, combined with the antisense TFL1 gene, and transformation of Spadona pear in Israel and Galaxy apple in USA. The original objectives were revised from the development of novel vectors with antibacterial proteins combined with the TFL-1 due to the inefficiency of alternative markes initially evaluated in pear, phoshomannose-isomerase and 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate phosphatase and the lack of development of double selection system. The objectives of project were revised to focus primarily on the development additional juvenile free systems by the use of another pear variety and manipulation of the FT gene under the control of several promoters. Based on the results creation of fire blight resistance pear variety was developed by the use of the juvenile free transgenic plant. Background: Young tree seedlings are unable to initiate reproductive organs and require a long period of shoot maturation, known as juvenile phase. In pear, juvenile period can last 5-7 years and it causes a major delay in breeding programs. We isolated the TFL1 gene from Spadona pear (PcTFL1-1) and produced transgenic ‘Spadona’ trees silencing the PcTFL1 gene using a RNAi approach. Transgenic tissue culture ‘Spadona’ pear flowered in vitro. As expected, the expression of the endogenous PcTFL1 was suppressed in the transgenic line that showed precocious flowering. Transgenic plants were successfully rooted in the greenhouse and most of the plants flowered after only 4-8 months, whereas the non-transformed control plants have flowered only after 5-6 years of development. Major achievements: Prior to flower induction, transgenic TFL1-RNAi ‘Spadona’ plants developed a few branches and leaves. Flower production in the small trees suppressed the development of the vegetative branches, thus resulting in compact flowering trees. Flowering was initiated in terminal buds, as described for the Arabidopsis tfl1 mutant. Propagation of the transgenic TFL1-RNAi ‘Spadona’ was performed by bud grafting on 'Betulifolia' rootstock and resulted in compact flowering trees. The transgenic flowering grafted plants were grown in the greenhouse under a long photoperiod for one year, and flowered continuously. Pollination of the transgenic flowers with ‘Costia‘ pear pollen generated fruits of regular shape with fertile F1 seeds. The F1 transgenic seedling grown in the greenhouse formed shoots and produced terminal flowers only five months after germination. In addition, grafted F1 transgenic buds flower and fruit continuously, generating hybrid fruits with regular shape, color and taste. Several pear varieties were pollinated with the transgenic TFL1-RNAi ‘Spadona’ pollen including `Herald Harw` that was reported to have resistance to fire blight diseases. The F-1 hybrid seedlings currently grow in our greenhouse. We conclude that the juvenile-free transgenic ‘Spadona’ pear enables the development of a fast breeding method in pear that will enable us to generate a resistance pear to fire blight. Implications: The research supported by this grant has demonstrated the use of transgenic juvenile free technology in pear. The use of the juvenile free technology for enhancement of conventional breeding in fruit tree will serve to enhance fast breeding systems in pear and another fruit trees.
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Hook, Anson, Martin Jankowiak, and Jay G. Wacker. Jet Dipolarity: Top Tagging with Color Flow. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1022564.

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López-Martínez, Samuel Isaí, Jesús Gerardo Sánchez-Valadez, María Andrea Tijerina-Torres, Rodrigo Melendez-Coral, and Javier Jesús Onofre-Castillo. Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Left-sided Ovarian Torsion in a Twin Pregnancy at 24 weeks: A Case-Report. Science Repository, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.crogr.2022.02.01.

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We describe a case report of ovarian torsion in a Korean-speaking woman with a 24-week twin pregnancy who attended a Spanish- and English-speaking institution. Ovarian torsion represents a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and radiologists because of its lack of pathognomonic symptoms and imaging findings. Ultrasonography may show unilateral ovarian enlargement without color Doppler flow and free fluid; however, clinical data should be mandatory for management decisions.
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Reisch, Bruce, Pinhas Spiegel-Roy, Norman Weeden, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, and Jacques Beckmann. Genetic Analysis in vitis Using Molecular Markers. United States Department of Agriculture, April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613014.bard.

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Genetic analysis and mapping in grapes has been difficult because of the long generation period and paucity of genetic markers. In the present work, chromosome linkage maps were developed with RAPD, RFLP and isozyme loci in interspecific hybrid cultivars, and RAPD markers were produced in a V. vinifera population. In three cultivars, there were 19 linkage groups as expected for a species with 38 somatic chromosomes. These maps were used to locate chromosome regions with linkages to important genes, including those influencing powdery mildew and botrytis bunch rot resistance; flower sex; and berry shape. In V. vinifera, the occurrence of specific markers was correlated with seedlessness, muscat flavor and fruit color. Polymorphic RAPD bands included single copy as well as repetitive DNA. Mapping procedures were improved by optimizing PCR parameters with grape DNA; by the development of an efficient DNA extraction protocol; and with the use of long (17- to 24-mer) primers which amplify more polymorphic loci per primer. DNA fingerprint analysis with RAPD markers indicated that vinifera cultivars could be separated readily with RAPD profiles. Pinot gris, thought to be a sort of Pinot noir, differed by 12 bands from Pinot noir. This suggests that while Pinot gris may be related to Pinot noir, it is not likely to be a clone. The techniques developed in this project are now being further refined to use marker-assisted selection in breeding programs for the early selection of elite seedlings. Furthermore, the stage has been set for future attempts to clone genes from grapes based upon map locations.
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Mueller, C., S. J. Piercey, M. G. Babechuk, and D. Copeland. Stratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of the Goldenville horizon and associated rocks, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328990.

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The Goldenville horizon in the Baie Verte Peninsula is an important stratigraphic horizon that hosts primary (Cambrian to Ordovician) exhalative magnetite and pyrite and was a chemical trap for younger (Silurian to Devonian) orogenic gold mineralization. The horizon is overlain by basaltic flows and volcaniclastic rocks, is intercalated with variably coloured argillites and cherts, and underlain by mafic volcaniclastic rocks; the entire stratigraphy is cut by younger fine-grained mafic dykes and coarser gabbro. Lithogeochemical signatures of the Goldenville horizon allow it to be divided into high-Fe iron formation (HIF; &amp;gt;50% Fe2O3), low-Fe iron formation (LIF; 15-50% Fe2O3), and argillite with iron minerals (AIF; &amp;lt;15% Fe2O3). These variably Fe-rich rocks have Fe-Ti-Mn-Al systematics consistent with element derivation from varying mineral contributions from hydrothermal venting and ambient detrital sedimentation. Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized rare earth element (REE) signatures for the HIF samples have negative Ce anomalies and patterns similar to modern hydrothermal sediment deposited under oxygenated ocean conditions. The PAAS-normalized REE signatures of LIF samples have positive Ce anomalies, similar to hydrothermal sediment deposited under anoxic to sub-oxic conditions. The paradoxical Ce behaviour is potentially explained by the Mn geochemistry of the LIF samples. The LIF have elevated MnO contents (2.0-7.5 weight %), suggesting that Mn from hydrothermal fluids was oxidized in an oxygenated water column during hydrothermal venting, Mn-oxides then scavenged Ce from seawater, and these Mn-oxides were subsequently deposited in the hydrothermal sediment. The Mn-rich LIF samples with positive Ce anomalies are intercalated with HIF with negative Ce anomalies, both regionally and on a metre scale within drill holes. Thus, the LIF positive Ce anomaly signature may record extended and particle-specific scavenging rather than sub-oxic/redox-stratified marine conditions. Collectively, results suggest that the Cambro-Ordovician Taconic seaway along the Laurentian margin may have been completely or near-completely oxygenated at the time of Goldenville horizon deposition.
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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong, and Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.

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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.
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Aquifer tests and simulation of ground-water flow in Triassic sedimentary rocks near Colmar, Bucks and Montgomery Counties, Pennsylvania. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri034159.

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