Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flow Synthesis

Academic literature on the topic 'Flow Synthesis'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flow Synthesis"

1

Yoshida, Jun-ichi, Aiichiro Nagaki, and Daisuke Yamada. "Continuous flow synthesis." Drug Discovery Today: Technologies 10, no. 1 (March 2013): e53-e59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ddtec.2012.10.013.

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Xuefan Gu, Xuefan Gu, Peng Wang Peng Wang, Zhen Guo Zhen Guo, Weichao Du Weichao Du, and Sanbao Dong Sanbao Dong. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Hydroxymethyl Tetramides as Flow Improvers for Crude Oil." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 42, no. 4 (2020): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000658.

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In this work, a series of hydroxymethyl tetramide (HMTEA) was synthesized from vegetable oil, triacetylenetetramine and hexamethylenetetramine, which was evaluated as viscosity reducer and pour point depressor for crude oil. The results showed that HMTE has a good viscosity reduction effect on the crude oil from Yanchang Oilfield, with the highest viscosity reduction rate of 93%. The highest pour point reduction depression was achieved as 6.5℃. Differential scanning calorimetry and paraffin crystal morphology characterization were conducted on the crude oil to elucidate the mechanism of viscosity reduction and pour point depression.
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Xuefan Gu, Xuefan Gu, Peng Wang Peng Wang, Zhen Guo Zhen Guo, Weichao Du Weichao Du, and Sanbao Dong Sanbao Dong. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Hydroxymethyl Tetramides as Flow Improvers for Crude Oil." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 42, no. 4 (2020): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000658/jcsp/42.04.2020.

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In this work, a series of hydroxymethyl tetramide (HMTEA) was synthesized from vegetable oil, triacetylenetetramine and hexamethylenetetramine, which was evaluated as viscosity reducer and pour point depressor for crude oil. The results showed that HMTE has a good viscosity reduction effect on the crude oil from Yanchang Oilfield, with the highest viscosity reduction rate of 93%. The highest pour point reduction depression was achieved as 6.5℃. Differential scanning calorimetry and paraffin crystal morphology characterization were conducted on the crude oil to elucidate the mechanism of viscosity reduction and pour point depression.
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Kamptmann, Sonja B., and Steven V. Ley. "Facilitating Biomimetic Syntheses of Borrerine Derived Alkaloids by Means of Flow-Chemical Methods." Australian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 4 (2015): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch14530.

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Flow chemistry is widely used nowadays in synthetic chemistry and has increasingly been applied to complex natural product synthesis. However, to date flow chemistry has not found a place in the area of biomimetic synthesis. Here we show the syntheses of borrerine derived alkaloids, indicating that we can use biomimetic principles in flow to prepare complex architectures in a single step.
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Junkers, Thomas, and Richard Hoogenboom. "Advanced polymer flow synthesis." European Polymer Journal 80 (July 2016): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.05.006.

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6

Kobayashi, Shū. "Flow “Fine” Synthesis: High Yielding and Selective Organic Synthesis by Flow Methods." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 11, no. 4 (October 20, 2015): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201500916.

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7

Mougeot, Romain, Philippe Jubault, Julien Legros, and Thomas Poisson. "Continuous Flow Synthesis of Propofol." Molecules 26, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 7183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237183.

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Herein, we report a continuous flow process for the synthesis of 2,6-diisopropylphenol—also known as Propofol—a short-acting intravenous anesthesia, widely used in intensive care medicine to provide sedation and hypnosis. The synthesis is based on a two-step procedure: a double Friedel–Crafts alkylation followed by a decarboxylation step, both under continuous flow.
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Watts, Paul, and Charlotte Wiles. "Micro reactors, flow reactors and continuous flow synthesis." Journal of Chemical Research 36, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751912x13311365798808.

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9

Britton, Joshua, and Colin L. Raston. "Multi-step continuous-flow synthesis." Chemical Society Reviews 46, no. 5 (2017): 1250–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cs00830e.

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10

Kyprianou, Dimitris, Michael Berglund, Giovanni Emma, Grzegorz Rarata, David Anderson, Gabriela Diaconu, and Vassiliki Exarchou. "Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Using Flow Chemistry." Molecules 25, no. 16 (August 6, 2020): 3586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163586.

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This paper describes the nitration of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and its conversion to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) at a gram scale with the use of a fully automated flow chemistry system. The conversion of DNT to TNT traditionally requires the use of highly hazardous reagents like fuming sulfuric acid (oleum), fuming nitric acid (90–100%), and elevated temperatures. Flow chemistry offers advantages compared to conventional syntheses including a high degree of safety and simpler multistep automation. The configuration and development of this automated process based on a commercially available flow chemistry system is described. A high conversion rate (>99%) was achieved. Unlike established synthetic methods, ordinary nitrating mixture (65% HNO3/98% H2SO4) and shorter reaction times (10–30 min) were applied. The viability of flow nitration as a means of safe and continuous synthesis of TNT was investigated. The method was optimized using an experimental design approach, and the resulting process is safer, faster, and more efficient than previously reported TNT synthesis procedures. We compared the flow chemistry and batch approaches, including a provisional cost calculation for laboratory-scale production (a thorough economic analysis is, however, beyond the scope of this article). The method is considered fit for purpose for the safe production of high-purity explosives standards at a gram scale, which are used to verify that the performance of explosive trace detection equipment complies with EU regulatory requirements.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flow Synthesis"

1

Simon, Mark David. "Fast flow biopolymer synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117929.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 125-129).
This thesis describes the development and application of fast flow solid phase synthesis for the preparation of peptides and phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), as well as the application of fast, reliable peptide synthesis to study non-natural protein folding and function. In the first chapter, solid supported peptide synthesis was accelerated using flow by continuously delivering preheated solvents and reagents to the solid support at high flow rate, thereby maintaining maximal concentrations, quickly exchanging reagents, and eliminating the need to heat reagents after they were added to the vessel. In the second chapter, these chemical principles were expanded upon and mechanical challenges particular to accelerated solid phase synthesis were overcome to build a fully automated fast flow peptide synthesizer than incorporates amino acids in as little as 40 seconds each. First, mechanical systems were developed to rapidly switch between the many reagents needed for peptide synthesis while maintaining the proper stoichiometry of all reaction components at all times. Second, conditions under which reagents did not appreciably degrade during storage or synthesis were found. Finally, synthetic outcomes were substantially improved by increasing temperature without degrading the protected, resin bound peptide. The third chapter describes the expansion of fast flow synthesis to PMOs. A 10-fold acceleration of PMO synthesis was realized using mechanical systems adapted from chapter 1, increasing the reaction temperature to 90°C, and introducing a Lewis acid catalyst. The acidity of the deprotection reagent was reduced to prevent cleavage of the backbone during 3' detritylation. In the final chapter, a "D-scan" of two small proteins, the disulfide-rich Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II) and a minimized Z domain of protein A (Z33), is reported. For each protein, the chirality of one amino acid at a time was inverted to generate a series of diastereomers, and study the critical stereocenters of EETI-I and Z33. Twelve out of 30 EETI-II analogs folded and were high-affinity trypsin inhibitors, but most active analogs were less stable to reduction than EETI-II. Similarly, twelve Z33 analogs retained high binding affinity to IgG, but most were substantially less stable than WT-Z33.
by Mark David Simon.
Ph. D.
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2

Mijalis, Alexander James. "Automated flow peptide synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118272.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Though reported by Merrifield nearly sixty years ago, batch solid phase peptide synthesis remains slow at minutes to hours per residue. Here we report a fully automated, flow based approach to solid phase polypeptide synthesis with amide bond formation in seven seconds and total synthesis times of forty seconds per amino acid residue. Crude peptide purities and isolated yields were comparable to standard batch solid phase peptide synthesis. Process monitoring with absorbance spectroscopy allows for the immediate detection and rapid optimization of difficult-to-synthesize peptides. This instrument is flexible and allows for synthesis of peptide nucleic acids, glycopeptides, removal of orthogonal amine protecting groups, and click chemistry on the solid phase. At full capacity, this approach to peptide synthesis can yield tens of thousands of individual 30-mer peptides per year.
by Alexander James Mijalis.
Ph. D.
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3

Hayes, Simon Jonathan. "Flow system for heterocyclic synthesis." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54663/.

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The potential of the silver-catalysed cyclisation has been illustrated by the synthesis of furans, pyrroles and pyrazole-N-oxides. With yields predominantly being >95%, and ubiquitous high purity, the results herein show the compatibility of many substituents including alkyl, aryl and silyl, to name but a few. Extended investigations have improved our understanding of reaction rates, the effect of stereochemistry and the use of protection strategies as well as identifying a handful of limitations. With the above results in hand, and a desire to recognise the practical advantages of a metal-catalysed procedure, we have further described two continuous flow systems for heterocyclic synthesis. The first, a trickle-bed reactor, produces heterocycles in excellent yields (>95% except where volatile products were produced) and has been shown to exhibit < 1 ppm silver leaching. Our understanding of the optimal flow rates, catalyst loading and practical attributes associated with such a reactor is then described. The second, a supercritical carbon dioxide : ionic liquid system, has been shown to produce furans in excellent yields (>95%), when used in batch mode, and in slightly lower yield (>70%) when used in a continuous fashion. Once again silver leaching was seen to be <1 ppm. The success of these two systems, and the speed in which their success was achieved, clearly demonstrates the ease of working with silver-catalysed cyclisations. In a further brief foray, the use of heat and microwave irradiation is discussed in view of potential applications to other continuous systems. Finally, several specific applications of the silver-catalysed cyclisation have been shown. It is seen that this procedure is suitable for the synthesis of scented furans and has uses in the preparation of heterocyclic substrates, which can be used for bigger and better things. One such example, which is described in Chapter 6, is the formation of oxepan-4-ones, oxepin-4-ones and oxocins-5-ones from their corresponding furyl alcohols.
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Phillips, Thomas William. "Flow synthesis of silver nanowires." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/64907.

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This thesis reports the development of a droplet-based flow synthesis of silver nanowires. Using traditional batch methods of production it can be difficult to achieve the consistent reaction conditions needed to obtain nanocrystals with the desired properties. Microfluidic reactors offer superior control over reaction conditions and enable the scalable and continuous production of consistent and monodisperse nanoparticles. Silver nanowires are typically synthesised using the polyol reaction, where silver nitrate is reduced in hot ethylene glycol. Previous reports describing the synthesis of silver nanowires have come to contradictory conclusions about the conditions needed for growth. In this thesis a hot-injection polyol synthesis was adapted to a straightforward heat-up procedure for the production of silver nanowires. The success of the reaction was found to be dependent on the batch of ethylene glycol used. The modified synthesis enabled the development of a flow process using a polytetrafluoroethylene tubing-based droplet-based flow reactor. The reactor produced consistent silver nanowires over an eight hour period with no sign of reactor fouling. The reactor was used to investigate the effect of varying the reaction temperature, residence time, and concentration of iron nitrate and sodium chloride additives on the length of the silver nanowires produced. This thesis finishes with the development of an inline liquid-liquid separator based on the selective wetting and permeation of a porous capillary by one of the liquids. Efficient separation of aqueous-organic, aqueous-fluorous, and organic-fluorous flows was achieved over a wide range of flow rates. The separator was successfully applied to the inline aqueous-organic extraction of the pH indicator 2,6-dichloroindophenol. The organic extract and aqueous raffinate were separated using a porous capillary. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy showed the concentration of indicator in the aqueous raffinate to be less than one percent of its original value, confirming the efficacy of the extraction and separation process.
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Roper, Kimberley Ann. "New flow chemistry methods for organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607846.

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Kelly, Liam P. (Liam Porter). "Development of a continuous-flow synthesis of neostigmine methylsulfate and studies toward a continuous-flow synthesis of lisinopril." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122853.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
[color illustration] Herein, we describe the development of a continuous flow synthesis of neostigmine methyl sulfate, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor on the WHO list of essential medicines, and the transfer of the synthesis into a next-generation reconfigurable frame developed by our collaborators. Starting from 3-dimethylaminophenol, the synthesis provides a throughput of approximately 46.8 g/day (or 93,600 doses/day) of crude neostigmine methyl sulfate. The synthesis also showcases a prototype in-line evaporation unit that operates without any added carrier gas. Dr. Christina Dai performed early screening of lithium bases. Dr. Yuqing Cui and Dr. Naomi Briggs developed the downstream purification sequence. Dr. Nopphon Weeranoppanant developed the in-line evaporator and, along with Dr. Dale Thomas, assisted with performing the synthesis within their developed frame. Liam P. Kelly developed the continuous synthesis of neostigmine methyl sulfate. [color illustration] Lisinopril is a member of a large family of ACE inhibitors generally known as N-carboxyethyl dipeptides. Of this family, lisinopril is the most commonly prescribed. All known routes to lisinopril require isolation of several synthetic intermediates and protecting group manipulations, thus, development of an efficient continuous synthesis would provide great benefit. Herein we describe our investigation of several routes to generate intermediates of lisinopril with the end goal of a fully continuous synthesis, high material throughput, and minimal protecting group manipulations. Liam P. Kelly performed all work described within this chapter.
by Liam P. Kelly.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry
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Lau, Shing Hing. "Organic synthesis : taming chemistry using enabling technologies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273347.

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This thesis describes the application of flow chemistry to discovery and development of medicinal compound synthesis and new chemical methodologies respectively. It is divided into three distinct sections. The first section addresses a brief introduction to flow chemistry, highlighting the advantages and challenges that have been faced in the past and present and also the outlook to the future. The second section reports the integration of machine-assisted methods with batch processes to produce two medicinal compounds, a precursor to the sacubitril and OZ439 respectively. In the respect to the precursor to sacubritil, a flow-batch integrated synthesis is developed to provide the desired product in 54% yield over 7 steps from commercially available 4-iodophenyl. In particular, a tube-in-tube gas flow reactor was employed in three gas-liquid reactions without the need for installing a costly highpressure autoclave. These gas-lquid reactions were an ethylene Heck coupling reaction, an anti-Markovnikov Wacker oxidation and a rhodium-catalysed stereoselective hydrogenation respectively. In addition, a diastereoselective Reformatsky-type carbethoxyallylation using zinc metal was also highlighted in this synthesis to install an important stereocentre. A new antimalarial agent, OZ439 containing a trioxolane unit as the main structural feature, has the unique property of providing a single-dose cure for malaria in humans and has recently completed phase IIb trials. A machine-enabled process for the preparation of OZ439 was developed in 33% overall yield over 5 steps without the need of column chromatography purification. This preparation features a selective continuous hydrogrenation, Griesbaum ozonlysis and a Zn-catalysed amide reduction in the present of triethoxylsilane. The third section contains the development of two new methodologies of diazo compounds with organoboron compounds. The first methodology involves an in situ generation of transient allylic boronic species by reacting TMSCHN2 and E-vinyl boronic acids in flow, followed by subsequent trapping with a range of aldehydes (15 examples, 55-97% yield) and on a large scale (10 mmol) to provide homoallylic alcohols with high diastereoselectivity (>20:1 dr confirmed by 1H NMR). This multicomponent metal-free reaction could also be applied under batch conditions (20 further examples, 60-82% yield). The second methodology involves the preparation of an organodimetallic compound, α-trimethylsilyl benzylboronic acid pinacol esters, by reacting TMSCHN2 and phenylboronic anhydrides (21 examples, 60-91% yield), and the development of their applications as bifunctional building blocks to complex structures.
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Prinzi, Roberta. "Synthesis of functional polymers by flow processes." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15804/.

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Questo lavoro di tesi vuole essere un valido contributo per lo sviluppo di nuove tecnologie nell'ambito della green chemistry soprattutto nell'ambito dei processi a flusso continuo, catalisi e l'utilizzo di polimeri funzionalizzati. Innanzitutto si è portata a termine la sintesi del poli(acrilammide-omocisteina tiolattone), (PAHT) tramite polimerizzazione RAFT. Successivamente il PAHT è stato modificato tramite un sistema a flusso continuo e tecnica "oil-oil" per ottenere un polimero funzionalizzato con gruppi funzionali amminici e tiolici sotto forma di "beads". Il prodotto ottenuto è stato caratterizzato e la struttura è stata quindi confermata; in seguito si è testata l'attività catalitica come catalizzatore eterogeneo per la reazione di Knoevenagel dimostrando risultati positivi. La presenza di diversi gruppi funzionali del polimero capaci di essere facilmente modificati ha reso possibile la post-modificazione delle "beads" di polimero per inserire nuove funzionalità e proprietà quali gruppi solfonici, gruppi metil-metacrilici e nanoparticelle di oro. In conclusione è possibile affermare che tutti gli obiettivi prefissati sono stati ottenuti.
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Onder, Aylin. "Synthesis Of Zeolite Membranes In Flow System." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614815/index.pdf.

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Zeolite membranes are formed as a thin zeolitic layer on the supports. They are usually synthesized by hydrothermal methods in batch systems. In this study, MFI and SAPO-34 type zeolite membranes were produced on macroporous tubular alumina supports in a recirculating flow system at elevated temperatures for the first time in the literature. During the synthesis, the synthesis mixture is flown between the reservoir and the membrane module which includes the support material. The synthesis temperatures were 180°
C and 220°
C, and the corresponding system pressures were approximately 20 and 30 bars for MFI and SAPO-34, respectively. The CH4 and n-C4H10 single gas permeances were measured through MFI membranes and the performance of membranes was investigated in the separation of equimolar CH4/n-C4H10 mixtures. The best MFI membrane had a CH4 single gas permeance of 1.45x10-6 mol/m2-s-Pa and CH4/n-C4H10 ideal selectivity of 35 at 25oC. The membranes preferentially permeated n-C4H10 in the separation of mixtures. The n-C4H10/CH4 separation selectivity was 43.6 with a total permeance of approximately 0.8x10-6 mol/m2-s-Pa at 25oC. The ideal selectivities of CO2/CH4 of SAPO-34 membrane synthesized in stagnant medium were 227, and >
1000 at 220 and 200oC, respectively. Formation of amorphous structure and the additional secondary phases (impurities) were observed on SAPO-34 membranes synthesized in recirculating flow system. The results showed that it is possible to produce SAPO-34 and high quality MFI membranes by a recirculating flow system operating at elevated temperature.
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Nagy, Kevin David. "Catalyst immobilization techniques for continuous flow synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70405.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, February 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-199).
Catalytic processes are ubiquitous in both research and industrial settings. As continuous flow processes continue to gain traction in research labs and fine and pharmaceutical chemical processes, new opportunities exist for implementing previously difficult catalytic transformations. The major goal of this thesis is to expand and evaluate techniques for immobilized catalyst systems relevant to continuous flow. Fundamental studies in characterizing mixing, dispersion, and residence time distributions in small scale continuous flow systems are also presented. Given the numerous benefits associated with studying chemical processes at small length scales, microfluidic devices are the tool of choice for most studies in this thesis. Thermomorphic solvents offer the potential for homogeneous catalytic processes with biphasic catalyst recovery and recycle. A major limitation of these processes is the number of synthetically useful thermomorphic solvent combinations demonstrated in literature. A screening program using the modified UNIFAC (Dortmund) activity coefficient model to evaluate phase splitting behavior has been developed to predict thermomorphic behavior. Calculation of 861 binary solvent combinations results in 43 potential thermomorphic and 44 biphasic solvent combinations. Extension of the program to ternary solvents resulted in a new class of ternary solvents that display thermomorphic behavior with tunable critical solution temperatures. Evaluation of thermomorphic processes as a general method is presented. Traditional catalyst immobilization techniques rely on covalent grafting and are well suited to continuous flow processing due to the strong interactions of the catalyst to the support. Fluorous physisorption, which relies on interactions between a fluorous support and a fluorous-tagged catalyst, is characterized and presented as an immobilization technique for flow chemistry. The use of a fluorous-tagged Co(III)-salen catalyst to effect the ring opening of epoxyhexane with water is presented. Application of the platform to the ring closing metathesis of N,Ndiallyltosylamide using a fluorous-tagged Hoveyda-Grubbs metathesis catalyst results in significantly accelerated loss of activity over time compared to the salen catalyst. Use of continuous flow selective adsorption reactors to enhance catalytic processes is presented. Continuous feeds of a homogeneous catalyst into a sorbent where the catalyst displays an affinity for the sorbent results in accumulation of the catalyst in the packed bed. The net effect is an enhancement in turnover frequency and turnover number relative to homogeneous flow. Application of this platform to a Lewis acid catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction results in an order of magnitude improvement in turnover frequency compared to batch and homogeneous flow.
by Kevin David Nagy.
Ph.D.
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Books on the topic "Flow Synthesis"

1

Yoshida, Jun-Ichi. Basics of flow microreactor synthesis. Tokyo: Springer, 2015.

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Yoshida, Jun-ichi. Basics of Flow Microreactor Synthesis. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55513-1.

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Tundo, Pietro. Continuous flow methods in organic synthesis. New York: Ellis Horwood, 1991.

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Sharma, Upendra K., and Erik V. Van der Eycken, eds. Flow Chemistry for the Synthesis of Heterocycles. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94328-2.

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Luis, S. V. Chemical reactions and processes under flow conditions. Cambridge, UK: RSC Publishing, 2010.

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Huntington, Del, and Jerilyn C. Wen. Access rights: A synthesis of highway practice. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 2005.

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Habana, Nathan C. Vadose flow synthesis for the Northern Guam Lens Aquifer. Agana, Guam]: Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific (WERI), University of Guam, 2009.

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J, Skoch G., Prahst P. S, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Aerodynamic synthesis of a centrifugal impeller using CFD and measurements. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Saito, Yuki. Multistep Continuous Flow Synthesis of Fine Chemicals with Heterogeneous Catalysts. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7258-4.

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A, Ladd J., Yuhas A. J, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Dynamic inlet distortion prediction with a combined computational fluid dynamics and distortion synthesis approach. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flow Synthesis"

1

Grass, Werner, Wolf-Dieter Tiedemann, Carlos Delgado Kloos, and André Marin López. "Synthesis Flow." In Practical Formal Methods for Hardware Design, 81–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60641-0_5.

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Taraate, Vaibbhav. "ASIC Design Flow." In ASIC Design and Synthesis, 13–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4642-0_2.

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Crissman, Harry A. "Bromodeoxuridine Procedures for Analysis of DNA Synthesis." In Flow Cytometry, 245–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84616-8_16.

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Finkbeiner, Bernd, Niklas Metzger, and Yoram Moses. "Information Flow Guided Synthesis." In Computer Aided Verification, 505–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13188-2_25.

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AbstractCompositional synthesis relies on the discovery of assumptions, i.e., restrictions on the behavior of the remainder of the system that allow a component to realize its specification. In order to avoid losing valid solutions, these assumptions should be necessary conditions for realizability. However, because there are typically many different behaviors that realize the same specification, necessary behavioral restrictions often do not exist. In this paper, we introduce a new class of assumptions for compositional synthesis, which we call information flow assumptions. Such assumptions capture an essential aspect of distributed computing, because components often need to act upon information that is available only in other components. The presence of a certain flow of information is therefore often a necessary requirement, while the actual behavior that establishes the information flow is unconstrained. In contrast to behavioral assumptions, which are properties of individual computation traces, information flow assumptions are hyperproperties, i.e., properties of sets of traces. We present a method for the automatic derivation of information-flow assumptions from a temporal logic specification of the system. We then provide a technique for the automatic synthesis of component implementations based on information flow assumptions. This provides a new compositional approach to the synthesis of distributed systems. We report on encouraging first experiments with the approach, carried out with the BoSyHyper synthesis tool.
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Frank, R., H. Leban, M. Kraft, and H. Gausepohl. "Continuous flow peptide synthesis." In Peptides, 215–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9595-2_63.

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Vanden Bussche, K. M., G. F. Froment, W. Glasz, H. Bosch, and L. L. Vandierendonck. "Reversed Flow Methanol Synthesis." In Energy Efficiency in Process Technology, 1154–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1454-7_102.

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Cortadella, J., M. Kishinevsky, A. Kondratyev, L. Lavagno, and A. Yakovlev. "Design Flow." In Logic Synthesis for Asynchronous Controllers and Interfaces, 13–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55989-1_2.

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Fukuyama, Takahide, Akihiro Furuta, and Ilhyong Ryu. "Continuous Flow Synthesis Using Recyclable Reaction Media." In Sustainable Flow Chemistry, 25–42. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527689118.ch2.

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Shang, Minjing, and Volker Hessel. "Synthesis and Application of H2O2in Flow Reactors." In Sustainable Flow Chemistry, 43–72. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527689118.ch3.

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Chatjigeorgiou, Ioannis K. "Inner Flow Models." In Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering, 71–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24827-6_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flow Synthesis"

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Mohanty, Priti Sundar. "Synthesis and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Grafted Charged Colloidal Particles." In FLOW DYNAMICS: The Second International Conference on Flow Dynamics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2204506.

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Baxendale, Ian R. "Continuous Chemical Synthesis in Flow." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-speech12.

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Ly, Vincent, and Chandra Kambhamettu. "Mobile Scene Flow Synthesis." In 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ism.2013.85.

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Chu, Qing, Sarah Knepper, James Nagy, and Stuart Jefferies. "Fast PSF reconstruction using the frozen flow hypothesis." In Signal Recovery and Synthesis. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/srs.2011.smc4.

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Yamamoto, G. "Route to the Synthesis of Binder-Free SWCNT Solids with Enhanced Mechanical Properties." In FLOW DYNAMICS: The Second International Conference on Flow Dynamics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2204535.

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Flores, Marcella C., Ivaldo I. Junior, Felipe K. Sutili, Ivana C. R. Leal, Leandro S. M. e. Miranda, and Rodrigo O. M. A. de Souza. "Towards Biocatalytic Reactions Under Continuous Flow Conditions." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0098-1.

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Scott-Fleming, Ian, Keith Hege, David Clyde, Donald Fraser, and Andrew Lambert. "Gradient-based optical flow techniques for tracking image motion due to atmospheric turbulence." In Signal Recovery and Synthesis. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/srs.2001.stub3.

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Murray, Philip R. D., Duncan L. Browne, Julio C. Pastre, and Steven V. Ley. "Continuous Flow-Processing of Organometallic Reagents Using an Advanced Peristaltic Pumping System and the Telescoped Flow Synthesis of (E/Z)-Tamoxifen." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_2013914162643.

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Bombana, Massimo, Patrizia Cavalloro, Salvatore Conigliaro, Roger B. Hughes, Gerry Musgrave, and Giuseppe Zaza. "Design-flow and synthesis for ASICs." In the 32nd ACM/IEEE conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/217474.217544.

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Bhat, Kiran S., Steven M. Seitz, Jessica K. Hodgins, and Pradeep K. Khosla. "Flow-based video synthesis and editing." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1186562.1015729.

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Reports on the topic "Flow Synthesis"

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Parsons, Jean Louise, and Kristen Deanne Morris. Synthesis Flow. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.9546.

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Evans, Amanda. Favipiravir Flow Synthesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1673355.

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Tremblay, T., and M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream catchment area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331062.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and cross-cutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery and multibeam echosounder bathymetric datasets provided increased details on ice flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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Tremblay, T., and M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster ice-stream catchment area, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331424.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster ice stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice-flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and crosscutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery, and multibeam echosounder bathymetric data sets provided increased details on ice-flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice-flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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Varga, Gabriella A., Amichai Arieli, Lawrence D. Muller, Haim Tagari, Israel Bruckental, and Yair Aharoni. Effect of Rumen Available Protein, Amimo Acids and Carbohydrates on Microbial Protein Synthesis, Amino Acid Flow and Performance of High Yielding Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568103.bard.

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The effect of rumen available protein amino acids and carbohydrates on microbial protein synthesis, amino acid flow and performance of high yielding dairy cows was studied. A significant relationship between the effective degradabilities of OM in feedstuffs and the in vivo ruminal OM degradation of diets of dairy cows was found. The in situ method enabled the prediction of ruminal nutrients degradability response to processing of energy and nitragenous supplements. The AA profile of the rumen undegradable protein was modified by the processing method. In a continuous culture study total N and postruminal AA flows, and bacterial efficiency, is maximal at rumen degradable levels of 65% of the CP. Responses to rumen degradable non carbohydrate (NSC) were linear up to at least 27% of DM. Higher CP flow in the abomasum was found for cows fed high ruminally degradable OM and low ruminally degradable CP diet. It appeared that in dairy cows diets, the ratio of rumen degradable OM to rumenally degradable CP should be at least 5:1 in order to maximize postruminal CP flow. The efficiency of microbial CP synthesis was higher for diets supplemented with 33% of rumen undegradable protein, with greater amounts of bacterial AA reaching the abomasum. Increase in ruminal carbohydrate availability by using high moisture corn increased proportions of propionate, postruminal nutrients flow, postruminal starch digestibility, ruminal availability of NSC, uptake of energy substrates by the mammory gland. These modifications resulted with improvement in the utilization of nonessential AA for milk protein synthesis, in higher milk protein yield. Higher postruminal NSC digestibility and higher efficiency of milk protein production were recorded in cows fed extruded corn. Increasing feeding frequency increased flow of N from the rumen to the blood, reduced diurnal variation in ruminal and ammonia, and of plasma urea and improved postruminal NSC and CIP digestibility and total tract digestibilities. Milk and constituent yield increased with more frequent feeding. In a study performed in a commercial dairy herd, changes in energy and nitrogenous substrates level suggested that increasing feeding frequency may improve dietary nitrogen utilization and may shift metabolism toward more glucogenesis. It was concluded that efficiency of milk protein yield in high producing cows might be improved by an optimization of ruminal and post-ruminal supplies of energy and nitrogenous substrates. Such an optimization can be achieved by processing of energy and nitrogenous feedstuffs, and by increasing feeding frequency. In situ data may provide means for elucidation of the optimal processing conditions.
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Small, Leo J., Harry Pratt, Chad Staiger, Rachel Irene Martin, Travis Mark Anderson, Babu Chalamala, Thiagarajan Soundappan, Monika Tiwari, and Venkat R. Subarmanian. Vanadium Flow Battery Electrolyte Synthesis via Chemical Reduction of V2O5 in Aqueous HCl and H2SO4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1342368.

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McGuire, Mark A., Amichai Arieli, Israel Bruckental, and Dale E. Bauman. Increasing Mammary Protein Synthesis through Endocrine and Nutritional Signals. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7574338.bard.

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Objectives To determine endocrine factors that regulate the partitioning of amino acids by the mammary gland. To evaluate dietary flow and supply of energy and amino acids and their effects on milk protein synthesis and endocrine status. To use primary cultures of cow mammary epithelial cells to examine the role of specific factors on the rates and pattern of milk protein synthesis. Milk protein is an increasingly valuable component of milk but little is known regarding the specific hormonal and nutritional factors controlling milk protein synthesis. The research conducted for this project has determined that milk protein synthesis has the potential to be enhanced much greater than previously believed. Increases of over 25% in milk protein percent and yield were detected in studies utilizing abomasal infusion of casein and a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Thus, it appears that insulin, either directly or indirectly, can elicit a substantial increase in milk protein synthesis if additional amino acids are supplied. For additional amino acids, casein provided the best response even though substantial decreases in branched chain amino acids occur when the insulin clamp is utilized. Branched chain amino acids alone are incapable of supporting the enhanced milk protein output. The mammary gland can vary both blood flow and extraction efficiency of amino acids to support protein synthesis. A mammary culture system was used to demonstrate specific endocrine effects on milk protein synthesis. Insulin-like growth factor-I when substituted for insulin was able to enhance casein and a-lactalbumin mRNA. This suggests that insulin is a indirect regulator of milk protein synthesis working through the IGF system to control mammary production of casein and a-lactalbumin. Principal component analysis determined that carbohydrate had the greatest effect on milk protein yield with protein supply only having minor effects. Work in cattle determined that the site of digestion of starch did not affect milk composition alone but the degradability of starch and protein in the rumen can interact to alter milk yield. Cows fed diets with a high degree of rumen undegradability failed to specifically enhance milk protein but produced greater milk yield with similar composition. The mammary gland has an amazing ability to produce protein of great value. Research conducted here has demonstrated the unprecedented potential of the metabolic machinery in the mammary gland. Insulin, probably signaling the mammary gland through the IGF system is a key regulator that must be combined with adequate nutrition in order for maximum response.
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Burton Davis, Gary Jacobs, Wenping Ma, Khalid Azzam, Janet ChakkamadathilMohandas, and Wilson Shafer. Sensitivity of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and Water-Gas Shift Catalystes to Poisons form High-Temperature High-Pressure Entrained-Flow (EF) Oxygen-Blown Gasifier Gasification of Coal/Biomass Mixtures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1002145.

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Burtron Davis, Gary Jacobs, Wenping Ma, Khalid Azzam, Dennis Sparks, and Wilson Shafer. Sensitivity of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and Water-Gas Shift Catalysts to Poisons from High-Temperature High-Pressure Entrained-Flow (EF) Oxygen-Blown Gasifier Gasification of Coal/Biomass Mixtures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1002146.

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Davis, Burton, Gary Jacobs, Wenping Ma, Dennis Sparks, Khalid Azzam, Janet Chakkamadathil Mohandas, Wilson Shafer, and Venkat Ramana Rao Pendyala. Sensitivity of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and Water-Gas Shift Catalysts to Poisons from High-Temperature High-Pressure Entrained-Flow (EF) Oxygen-Blown Gasifier Gasification of Coal/Biomass Mixtures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1052997.

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