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1
Liu, Shuang, Lang Yang, Hao Yi, and Shaoxian Song. "Simultaneous Recovery of Niobium and Sulfur from Carbonate Niobite Ore with Flotation." Minerals 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12040432.
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Exploring new ways to acquire niobium resources is essential to resolve niobium supply risks, due to the fact that, at present, 99% of niobium is controlled by only two countries. In the present work, a flotation technique was applied to separate niobium from low-grade niobite ore. To maximize the utilization of the original ore resources, pre-flotation was conducted to recover sulfur and eliminate the adverse effects of sulfide on niobite flotation. The obtained sulfur grade and recovery were 33.74% and 92.04%, respectively, and its concentration ratio was 40x. As for the niobite flotation, a closed-circuit experiment with one rougher flotation, three cleaner flotations, and two scavenger flotations was carried out to achieve the maximum niobite recovery. To further improve the niobite recovery, a leaching process with diluted HCl was employed; the final obtained Nb2O5 grade and recovery were 30.19% and 65.04%, respectively, and the concentration ratio reached 242x. Moreover, the economic evaluation implies that the flotation process can attract great positive interest.
2
Alekseev, E. V. "The Formation of a Dispersed Gas System in the Flotation Cells." E3S Web of Conferences 126 (2019): 00069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912600069.
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The use of flotation methods for wastewater treatment is due to their advantages in comparison with other methods of gravity separation, for example, sedimentation. The advantages of flotation water treatment methods include the high speed of the separation process, the ability to extract impurities that are close in density to water, environmental friendliness. Flotation methods are based on adsorptive bubble separation processes. Accordingly, the performance of a particular flotator directly depends on the conditions for the implementation of these processes in a particular flotation cell. The aim of the research was to study the relationship between the dispersed gas phase (DGP) and the ratio of the geometric dimensions of the flotation cells based on the proposed shape indicator of the flotation cell. Studies performed on the experimental model of the flotator have established a significant influence of theshape indicator of the flotation cell on such important indicators of the adsorptive bubble separation processes as gas-filling and the DGP floating speed. The evaluation of different forms of flotation cells, in relation to the properties of extracted bubble-particle complexes is given.
3
Lee, Sugyeong, Charlotte E. Gibson, and Ahmad Ghahreman. "The Separation of Carbonaceous Matter from Refractory Gold Ore Using Multi-Stage Flotation: A Case Study." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121430.
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As a pre-treatment method of refractory gold ore, carbonaceous matter (C-matter) flotation was investigated with multi-stage flotation by rougher, scavenger, and cleaner stages. Different dosages of kerosene and MIBC (4-Methyl-2-pentanol) were applied and the optimum dosage was selected by testing in each flotation stage. With the combination of each stage, four circuit designs were suggested, which were a single-stage rougher flotation (R), rougher-scavenger flotation (R+S), rougher-scavenger-scavenger cleaner flotation (R+S+SC), and rougher-rougher cleaner-scavenger-scavenger cleaner flotations (R+S+RC+SC). The results indicated that the scavenger flotation increased C-matter recovery but reduced C-matter grade compared with single-stage rougher flotation. Cleaning of the scavenger flotation concentrate improved C-matter grade significantly, but reduced recovery slightly. Cleaning of the rougher flotation concentrate achieved overall improved selectivity in flotation. A combination of rougher-scavenger flotation followed by cleaning of both concentrates (R+S+RC+SC) resulted in 73% C-matter recovery and a combined cleaner concentrate grade of 4%; the final tailings C-matter grade was 0.9%, where the C-matter remaining in the tailings was locked, and fine grained. The results demonstrate the need for the multi-stage flotation of C-matter from refractory gold ore to achieve selective separation and suggested the potential of C-matter flotation as the pre-treatment for efficient gold production.
4
Rybarczyk, Piotr, and Bożenna Kawalec-Pietrenko. "Simultaneous Removal of Al, Cu and Zn Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ion and Precipitate Flotation Methods." Processes 9, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020301.
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This paper presents the results of investigations concerning the simultaneous removal of Al(III), Cu(II), and Zn(II) from dilute aqueous solutions using ion and precipitate flotation methods. The effects of initial solution pH, surface active substance concentration, and the gas velocity on the flotations’ efficiency and course are studied. Experimental results are discussed in terms of physicochemical aspects related to aqueous solutions of metal salts. The results indicate that satisfying simultaneous flotations of aluminum, copper and zinc species are observed if the pH value ranges between 7.0 and 9.0. It was found that an increase in collector concentration results in a decrease in the flotation rate constants. An increase in the gas velocity results in an increase in the ion and precipitate flotation rates.
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Obradović, Ljubiša, Sandra Milutinović, Srđana Magdalinović, and Sanja Petrović. "Auscultation of the RTH flotation tailing dump in Bor with reference to the stability of dams and dykes at the tailing dump." Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, no. 2 (2022): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mmeb2202059o.
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The RTH flotation tailing dump, located in the old open pit RTH in Bor about 500 m southeast of the Flotation Plant, has been in continuous operational work since 1985. The flotations tailing dumps are important mining facilities that are constantly changed during their exploitation period. Due to the changes occurring in the tailing dump during its exploitation, it is necessary to perform a continuous technical and technological surveillance-auscultation in order to collect parameters in real time to predict the phenomena, which will enable the normal exploitation of tailing dump. This paper presents the current state of the flotation tailing dump RTH, based on the auscultation monitoring program, carried out in the period August 2020 to February 2021. As for the normal exploitation of the flotation tailings dump in safe and stable conditions, a special attention is paid in this paper to the stability analysis of the dams I and II, as well as the sand dyke between them.
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Yang, Wei, Gang Wang, Qian Wang, Ping Dong, Huan Cao, and Kai Zhang. "Comprehensive Recovery Technology for Te, Au, and Ag from a Telluride-Type Refractory Gold Mine." Minerals 9, no. 10 (September 30, 2019): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9100597.
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While extracting gold and silver from telluride-type gold deposits, it is beneficial to develop a comprehensive recovery technology for tellurium. In this paper, we report process mineralogy based on the backward processing technology and the low comprehensive utilization rate of typical telluride-type gold deposits in Xiaoqinling, China. The findings show that tellurium, gold, and silver are the most valuable elements in the ore fissures and gangue minerals and are encapsulated in metallic sulfur ore in the form of altaite, hessite, calaverite, antamokite and natural gold. The flotation method was innovatively applied in this study to comprehensively recover Te, Au and Ag. The results show that when the ore particle size was −0.074 mm (70%), the flotation pulp density was 33%, the pulp pH was 8, and the combined collector (isoamyl xanthate + ethyl thio- carbamate (1:1)) was 120 g/t, in the process involving one rough flotation step, two cleaning flotations and two scavenging flotations as well as a continuous 8 d industrial test, the recovery degree was stable and the average grades of Te, Au, and Ag were 241.61, 90.30, and 92.74 g/t with 95.42%, 97.28%, and 94.65% recovery rates, respectively; thus, excellent recovery degrees were obtained. Compared with the original flotation process, the recovery rates of Te, Au, and Ag were increased by 19.91%, 6.93%, and 5.67%, which boosted the effective enrichment of all valuable elements in the telluride-type gold mine and achieved technological progress.
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Guo, Yuwu, Guohua Gu, Yisheng Zhang, Qingke Li, Su Liao, and Yanhong Wang. "Utilization of Flotation Wastewater for Separation of Chalcopyrite and Molybdenite by Selective Surface Passivation." Minerals 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2024): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14040388.
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In the flotation separation process of a Cu-Mo-W polymetallic ore, the wastewater from the scheelite cleaning flowsheet contains large numbers of residual flocculants and metal ions, and the separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite requires a large number of environmentally harmful depressants. Therefore, it is necessary to find new methods to reduce the environmental and cost pressures of wastewater treatment and the use of depressants. In this work, the flotation wastewater from the scheelite cleaning flowsheet for the separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite by selective surface passivation was investigated for the first time. Flotations of single minerals and artificially mixed minerals with or without immersion pretreatment in the presence and absence of aeration were performed. The results showed that pulp pH had no effect on the flotation of either mineral, and a molybdenite recovery of 93.22% with a chalcopyrite recovery of 10.77% was achieved under the conditions of 10 days of immersion pretreatment with aeration, 350 mg/L of kerosene, and 100 mg/L of MIBC. By combining the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry analysis and characterization by XRD and SEM, the selective surface passivation mechanism of chalcopyrite was discussed, which could be due to the coverage of the insoluble oxidation products, especially jarosite. This work has simultaneously achieved the depressant-free flotation separation of molybdenite and chalcopyrite and the reuse of scheelite flotation wastewater, which is of great significance for environmental protection and cost saving.
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Luo, Yong Qiang, Rui Chen Ren, and Cai Xia Li. "Research on the Application of Mo-Ni Ore Pre-Discarding Tailings by Small-Diameter Hydrocyclone." Advanced Materials Research 619 (December 2012): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.619.151.
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For the Mo-Ni ore that mineral composition is complex, and the grade is relatively low, the flotation’s effect is not good in advance for enrichment, because of the influence of fine grained level gangue minerals. The small diameter hydrocyclone were used to pre-discard tailings, with the best pulp density and feed pressure, the rate of throwing is the 30%, and then the flotation obtained a good beneficiation index. The crude ore that contains Mo 2.04 %, Ni 1.87 %, through the closed-circuit test won a concentrate that the grade of Mo is 8.94 % and the recovery is 91.86 %, the grade of Ni is 6.75 % and the recovery is 86.79 %. Compared with the single flotation process, it improved the flotation effect and the enrichment ratio of Mo Ni, and realized the efficient enrichment of Mo-Ni.
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Ignatkina, V. A., V. A. Bocharov, A. R. Makavetskas, A. A. Kayumov, D. D. Aksenova, L. S. Khachatryan, and Yu Yu Fishchenko. "RATIONAL PROCESSING OF REFRACTORY COPPER-BEARING ORES." Izvestiya Vuzov Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Proceedings of Higher Schools Nonferrous Metallurgy, no. 3 (June 14, 2018): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2018-3-6-18.
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The paper presents the results obtained when studying material compositions of four samples of refractory copper-bearing ores from the Uzelga deposit along with technological solutions to improve their processing parameters. The refractoriness of ores is associated with a thin dissemination (up to a micron size) and close intergrowth of ore and rock minerals. Ferrous sulfides are represented by a wide range of minerals: pyrite, marcasite and their variety melnikovite, arsenic pyrite and arsenopyrite; sooty melnikovite has a higher flotation activity. The reduction of iron sulfides from 89 to 29 % is followed by a proportional increase of easy-floatable rock minerals to 45 % and clay to 9 %. These properties make these sulfides difficult to process (float) and maintain ore refractoriness. The content of copper sulfides in ore samples varies from 3,32 to 7,29 %; the relative fraction of copper sulfide in a form of tennantite in different deposit samples varies from 29 to 93 %. Copper is also present as chalcopyrite and bornite. The best flotation activity of tennantite can be seen in neutral and weak acid media in contrast with standard flotation mode for chalcopyrite and bornite with butyl xanthate in a high-alkaline calcareous medium. Free grains of copper minerals can be selectively extracted into the intermediate flotation copper concentrates when grinding maximum 60 % of the –71-μm class. The technology of flotation in a low-alkaline medium is developed for refractory copper-bearing ores with variable tennantite content using the M-TF selective sulfhydryl collector in intermediate copper flotations and copper concentrate upgrading cycle; aeration used to suppress melnikovite flotation activity makes it possible to achieve 80 % copper recovery into conditioned copper concentrate. Bornite, tennantite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite disseminated in pyrite make it rational to obtain copper-pyrite, copper-zinc-pyrite products with their yield up to 12 % for pyroand hydrometallurgical processing.
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Zhao, Chen, Chuanyao Sun, Yangge Zhu, Yimin Zhu, and Wanzhong Yin. "Study of the Mechanism of the Fe-BHA Chelates in Scheelite Flotation." Minerals 12, no. 4 (April 15, 2022): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12040484.
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Scheelite associated with calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and fluorite is difficult to separate by flotation because of the Ca ions contained in the mineral lattices, which cause scheelite to have similar surface properties and floatability to gangue minerals. Traditional collectors such as oleic acid need to add a large amount of sodium silicate as gangue inhibitors, which causes difficulties for the settlement of tailings. In addition, the use of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), which needs the addition of Pb(NO3)2 as the scheelite activator, can also cause environmental pollution. In this paper, Fe-BHA, a new collector containing the iron complex, was studied to investigate its flotation ability of scheelite, as well as its BHA/FeCl3 ratio on scheelite flotations. In the single mineral flotations, the Fe-BHA showed a significant difference in the flotation recoveries of scheelite and calcite, with a scheelite recovery of 77.03% at pH 8.0 and calcite recovery of 16.69% at the same pH. The results of the roughing tests of Xianglushan actual ore showed that the scheelite with Fe-BHA (500 g/t BHA and 200 g/t FeCl3) and 40 g/t oleic acid as collectors obtained satisfactory flotation results with a WO3 grade of 1.56% and WO3 recovery of 65.52%, which were much higher than those of scheelite with BHA or oleic acid as the collector, but there was still a gap with those of scheelite using Pb(NO3)2 as activation and BHA as the collector. The UV-Vis curves of the Fe-BHA with different BHA/FeCl3 ratios indicated that the Fe-BHA chelates might have several different structural forms, and the single mineral tests of the BHA/FeCl3 ratios showed that when the molar ratio of benzohydroxamic acid to FeCl3 was about 1.2:1, the best scheelite flotation result was obtained in this test. In addition, the XPS analyses proved that the adsorption of the Fe-BHA on the scheelite surface occurred, and by fitting the peaks of Ca 2p and O 1s of scheelite, it was found that the mechanism of the Fe-BHA acting on the Ca sites of the scheelite surface was through the removal of H2O from the Ca-OH of scheelite and Fe-OH from Fe-BHA to form Fe-O-H.
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Wei, Zhao, Junhao Fu, Haisheng Han, Wei Sun, Tong Yue, Li Wang, and Lei Sun. "A Highly Selective Reagent Scheme for Scheelite Flotation: Polyaspartic Acid and Pb–BHA Complexes." Minerals 10, no. 6 (June 23, 2020): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10060561.
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Previous studies have proved that the lead complexes of benzohydroxamic acid (Pb–BHA) are effective collectors of scheelite flotations; however, the separation of scheelite from calcite needs depressants with high selectivity. In this study, we reported a novel depressant for calcite minerals, and Pb–BHA served as the collector of scheelite. The flotation behavior of polyaspartic acid (PASP) in a scheelite and calcite flotation that uses Pb–BHA was determined via flotation experiments. Furthermore, the selective adsorption of PASP on the mineral surfaces and the effect of PASP on the adsorption of Pb–BHA on the mineral surfaces were investigated through zeta potential measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), crystal chemistry calculations, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. Thus, PASP demonstrated high selectivity in both scheelite and calcite and contributed to the successful separation of scheelite from calcite. PASP exhibited a higher adsorption capacity and stronger chemisorption with the active sites of calcium atoms on the calcite surface. The crystal chemistry calculations indicated that the distance of the PASP functional groups matched with the calcium distance of a calcite mineral surface, which can be attributed to the selectivity of PASP. Furthermore, the adsorption of PASP impeded the adsorption of Pb–BHA on the calcite surfaces, whereas the opposite was the case for scheelite. The mutually reinforcing selectivity of PASP and Pb–BHA considerably contributes to the efficient flotation separation of scheelite from calcite.
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Cao, Qin Bo, Shu Ming Wen, Chen Xiu Li, Shao Jun Bai, and Dan Liu. "Application of New Flotation Machine on Phosphate Flotation." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.624.
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Phosphate is a typical oxide ore characterizing that generating abundant froth during flotation. In this research a new flotation machine was employed in the flotation of phosphate. Comparing to regular flotation machine, in the reverse flotation of dolomite the recovery and grade of MgO has no significance improvement. While, in the case of reverse flotation of silicon dioxide, the new flotation machine has significance advantage. In 5 minutes of flotation time, the yield of froth is 20.66% with new machine, which equals to yield using regular machine under 8 minutes. The flotation time has been shorten by new machine. In addition, the recovery of silicon dioxide improved by 6% and the grade of silicon dioxide in phosphate concentrate decreased by 1.3% comparing the regular flotation machine. The results demonstrate that new flotation machine is more suitable and efficient for phosphate flotation
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Fan, Guixia, Liguang Wang, Yijun Cao, and Chao Li. "Collecting Agent–Mineral Interactions in the Reverse Flotation of Iron Ore: A Brief Review." Minerals 10, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080681.
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Froth flotation has been widely used in upgrading iron ores. Iron ore flotation can be performed in two technical routes: direct flotation of iron oxides and reverse flotation of gangue minerals with depression of iron oxides. Nowadays, reverse flotation is the most commonly used route in iron ore flotation. This review is focused on the reverse flotation of iron ores, consisting of reverse cationic flotation and reverse anionic flotation. It covers different types of collecting agents used in reverse iron ore flotation, the surface characteristics of minerals commonly present in iron ores (e.g., iron oxides, quartz, alumina-bearing minerals, phosphorus-bearing minerals, iron-bearing carbonates, and iron-bearing silicates), and the adsorption mechanisms of the collecting agents at the mineral surface. The implications of collecting agent–mineral interactions for improving iron ore flotation are discussed.
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Steiner, Frédéric, Ali Zgheib, Maximilian Hans Fischer, Lukas Büttner, Andreas Schmidt, and Sandra Breitung-Faes. "In Situ Hydrophobization of Lithium Aluminate Particles for Flotations by Dry Grinding in the Presence of Punicines." Minerals 14, no. 7 (June 25, 2024): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14070650.
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The engineered artificial mineral (EnAM) lithium aluminate (LiAlO2) is a promising candidate for the recycling of lithium from slags, which can originate from the reprocessing of batteries, for example. Derivatives of the natural product Punicine (1-(2′,5′-dihydroxyphenyl)-pyridinium) from Punica granatum have been proven to be effective switchable collectors for the flotation of this mineral as they react to light. In the present study, three Punicines were added to a planetary ball mill before grinding LiAlO2 to particle sizes suitable for flotation. We investigated the influence of Punicine and two derivatives with C10 and C17 side chains on the grinding results at different grinding times and conditions as well as on the yields in flotations. SEM images of the particles, IR and ICP–OES measurements provided insights into the Punicine–particle interactions. They showed that Punicines not only prevent the formation of hydrophilic and thus undesirable lithium aluminate hydroxide hydrate (LiAl2(OH)7 ▪ x H2O) surfaces in this process, as is unavoidable in aqueous flotation without this pretreatment, they also prevent the undesired release of lithium cations into the aqueous phase. Due to considerable hydrophobization of the particle surface of LiAlO2, nearly quantitative recovery rates of this engineered artificial mineral are achieved using the process described here.
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Lazić, Predrag, Đurica Nikšić, and Dejan Stojanović. "Replacement of old flotation cells in the flotation plant of the Lece mine." Tehnika 76, no. 1 (2021): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2101027l.
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Russian made FPM-GMO-1.6 flotation machines were previously installed for primary stage flotation concentration of lead and zinc minerals in Lece flotation plant. For cleaning stage FMR-10 flotation machines were in use. Beside low technological characteristic, hard maintenance and worn out are characteristic of this machines. In order to modernize the production and eliminate the above shortcomings primarily in the process of lead minerals flotation, in 2020, the old flotation cells were replaced with new ones. Currently, 8 new RCS-5 cells for coarse and scavengel flotation of lead minerals and 4 RCS-3 cells for cleaning of coarse lead mineral concentrate are working on the lead flotation line in Lece flotation. These cells were produced by Metso Minerals from Finland. Flotation cells, which are installed, have modern technical - technological characteristics, with all the accompanying equipment for automatic control of pulp levels and air consumption. This paper presents comparative characteristics of old and new flotation cells, their appearance and characteristics and technological results achieved in flotation with old and new cells.
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Stanojlović, Rodoljub D., and Jovica M. Sokolović. "A Study of the Optimal Model of the Flotation Kinetics of Copper Slag from Copper Mine BOR." Archives of Mining Sciences 59, no. 3 (October 20, 2014): 821–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2014-0057.
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Abstract In this study the effect of mixtures of copper slag and flotation tailings from copper mine Bor, Serbia on the flotation results of copper recovery and flotation kinetics parameters in a batch flotation cell has been investigated. By simultaneous adding old flotation tailings in the ball mill at the rate of 9%, it is possible to increase copper recovery for about 20%. These results are compared with obtained copper recovery of pure copper slag. The results of batch flotation test were fitted by MatLab software for modeling the first-order flotation kinetics in order to determine kinetics parameters and define an optimal model of the flotation kinetics. Six kinetic models are tested on the batch flotation copper recovery against flotation time. All models showed good correlation, however the modified Kelsall model provided the best fit.
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Lu, Ying, Weiping Liu, Xuming Wang, Huaigang Cheng, Fangqin Cheng, and Jan D. Miller. "Lauryl Phosphate Flotation Chemistry in Barite Flotation." Minerals 10, no. 3 (March 20, 2020): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10030280.
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Barite has numerous applications including barium mud for oil well drilling, manufacture of elemental barium, filler for paper and rubber industries, and contrast material for X-ray radiology for the digestive system. Currently, froth flotation is the main method for the beneficiation of barite using fatty acid as a typical collector. In this research, it was found that lauryl phosphate is also a promising collector for barite flotation. Results from microflotation, contact angle, and zeta potential indicate that lauryl phosphate is adsorbed on the barite surface and thus achieves superior flotation efficiency at a wide pH range. The interfacial water structure and wetting characteristics of barite surface with/without lauryl phosphate adsorption were also evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). The results from molecular dynamics simulations and interaction energy calculations are in accord with the experimental results, which suggest that lauryl phosphate might be a potential collector for the flotation of barite.
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Kazemi, Fatemeh, Ataallah Bahrami, Yousef Ghorbani, Abolfazl Danesh, Morteza Abdollahi, Hadi Falah, and Mohsen Salehi. "THE INTERACTION AND SYNERGIC EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE ON FLOTATION EFFICIENCY: A COMPARISON STUDY OF RECOVERY BY SIZE, AND BY LIBERATION BETWEEN LAB AND INDUSTRIAL SCALE DATA." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 38, no. 1 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2023.1.1.
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The interaction and synergic effect of particle size on flotation efficiency were investigated by a comparison study between laboratories (size-by-size flotation modes) and industrial scale operational data (whole mixed size fraction). For this purpose, sampling was done from the feed, concentrate, and tailing of the flotation rougher cells of the Sungun copper processing complex (located in the northwest of Iran). In the size-by-size flotation mode (lab scale), the sample was first subjected to different size fractions, and then flotation tests were performed for each fraction. On an industrial scale, the particle size distribution of feed, concentrate, and tailing of flotation of the rougher stage have been analyzed. According to the results, in the case of industrial flotation mode (whole mixed size fraction), the particles with d80=84 μm were more likely to reach the tailing of flotation, and the particles within the size range of +63-180 μm constituted the highest amount of concentrate particles. In lab flotation mode (size-by-size), the maximum recovery was in the size fraction of +40-60 μm. By comparing the two flotation modes of industrial (whole mixed size fraction) and lab (size-by-size), for fractions <45 μm, the industrial flotation recovery was approximately 40% greater than the lab flotation recovery. However, for fractions >125 μm, the recovery trend was reversed and the lab flotation recovery was greater than the industrial flotation recovery. Coarse particle flotation has significant economic and technological benefits. By improving the recovery of coarse particles during the flotation process, the amount of grinding requirements will be reduced and consequently, it will considerably decrease the amount of energy consumption.
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RICARD, MICHELLE, and GILLES DORRIS. "Added soap contact time with recycled pulp improves flotation deinking efficiency and reduces cost." November 2014 13, no. 11 (December 1, 2014): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj13.11.27.
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Optimization of the fatty acid soap addition points increased soap contact time with recycled pulp before flotation. This, in turn, resulted in improved ink removal efficiencies for three of four types of commercial flotation cells. Mill A saved 25% in fatty acid flotation collector dosage while maintaining the same brightness gain and ink removal efficiency. In mill B, increasing the soap contact time improved the aeration of one line of flotation cells, which in turn led to a 1-point brightness improvement of deinked pulp and savings in bleaching chemicals. Both mills showed 30%–54% lower carryover of saturated fatty acids from the flotation collector to newsprint made from deinked pulp and thermomechanical pulp. Flotation cells with longer residence times and aeration injectors in good order did not show any improvement in aeration or flotation efficiency. Soap contact times with pulp, whether before or during flotation, should be on the order of 9–20 min to assure maximal flotation efficiency. Increasing soap contact time before flotation to 45-60 min did not further improve flotation efficiency.
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Morozov, Iurii, Tatiana Intogarova, Olga Valieva, and Iuliia Donets. "Flotation classification in closed-circuit grinding as a way of reducing sulphide ore overgrinding." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-1-85-96.
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Research object and aim. Flotation classification in closed-circuit grinding is a way of improving copper ore flotation indicators by reducing minerals overgrinding. Due to valuable components froth recovery with their uncovering in the process of grinding, loss of copper in flotation tailings with secondary slime are reduced significantly. The research aims to study the possibility to improve the flotation of copper ore based on the use of flotation classification in the closed-circuit grinding. Methodology. In order to solve the problem, laboratory studies on closed-circuit grinding experimental modeling were carried out in a mode with and without flotation classification of hydraulic classification discharge. In each grinding mode, five stages of closed-cycle simulation have been implemented. Flotation classification was carried out in froth flotation modes with froth treatment with and without the tapered chute. According to experimental results, the loss of copper has been determined with slime in hydraulic classification discharge and flotation classification, and flotation classification end-product balance was calculated when operating in the closed-circuit grinding. Summary. The obtained experimental data prove the possibility of improving copper ore flotation by reducing minerals overgrinding in the course of flotation classification in closed-circuit grinding. The technology of flotation classification with froth treatment in tapered chutes make it possible to obtain prime concentrate with 18% copper mass fraction when extracting 37.7% copper into it, and final tailings in flotation classification discharge with 0.13% copper mass fraction under 2% loss.
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Lu, Ya Lin, Dian Wen Liu, Xiao Dong Jia, Jing Jie Yuan, and De Yang Shi. "A Review on Flotation Process of Scheelite." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.388.
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Zhao, Wen Juan, Dian Wen Liu, Xiao Lin Zhang, Shu Qin Zeng, Guo Yin Xu, and Qi Cheng Feng. "Impact of Pre-Desliming on Flotation of Low-Grade Zinc Oxide Ore from Lanping." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3385.
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Zinc oxide ore from Lanping contained large amount of fine slime which badly deteriorated flotation performance, and it complexly intergrowed with plenty of alkaline gangues with calcium and magnesium. In order to investigate the impact of pre-desliming on flotation, experiments of direct flotation and pre-desliming flotation were carried out in the work. Finally, a zinc recovery of 88.73% with a Zn grade of 13.93% was obtained in direct flotation test, and a higher zinc recovery of 95.25% with a Zn grade of 13.56% was achieved by pre-desliming flotation. Pre-desliming flotation test was superior to direct flotation test, because of an increase of nearly 7% in zinc recovery under the condition of similar Zn grade. At the same time, dosage of sulfurization agent used in pre-desliming flotation was lower by 46.67% than that in direct flotation, which obviously improved the availability of sulfurization agent. So both product index and economic benefit were enhanced after pre-desliming.
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Zhang, Yong, Jing Zhu, and Tan Liu. "The Research of the Flotation Recovery Prediction Methods Based on Advanced LS-SVM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1854.
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Flotation recovery is an important index of flotation process, in order to change the existing detection methods of low accuracy , a soft measurement model of flotation recoveries is proposed based on improved weighted LS - SVM. According to the flotation foam characteristics and the corresponding relation of flotation recovery, the fuzzy C-means clustering method is used for flotation characteristics of data processing , the image characteristic values as prediction model input and using genetic algorithm to optimize the parameters of the model. The result show that the modified algorithm can overcome a prediction standard model LS - SVM algorithm parameter optimization shortage, and have better forecasting effect which provide effective protection for flotation process operation and flotation operation stable operation optimization .
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Han, Hua, An Liu, and Huaifa Wang. "Effect of Hydrodynamic Cavitation Assistance on Different Stages of Coal Flotation." Minerals 10, no. 3 (February 29, 2020): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10030221.
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In this study, the effect of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) on the conditioning stage (HCCS), separation stage (HCSS), and whole stage (HCWS) of coal flotation was investigated by flotation tests, laser granulometry, and contact angle measurements. The flotation results indicate that compared to conventional flotation, all HC-assisted flotation methods can improve concentrate combustible recovery and flotation constant rate. HCCS and HCSS show similar levels of improvement, while HCWS has a better flotation efficiency. The screening tests demonstrate that HC has the advantage of being able to liberate coarse coal particles (+0.25 mm) prior to being combined with gangues. On one hand, HC promotes the dispersion of both particles and agents, while longer cavitation time in HCCS does not lead to better flotation performance. On the other hand, enhancement of the adsorption of the collector on the surface of coal particles in HCCS is confirmed by flotation concentrate contact angle tests. However, HCSS leads to a decrease in concentrate hydrophobicity, compared to conventional flotation. The micro-nanobubbles generated by HC play an important role in improving flotation performance. HCWS offers the advantages of both HCCS and HCSS, and the cooperated mechanism of different HC modes enhances the recovery of coal particles in flotation.
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Hu, Xinnan, Zheng Tong, Jie Sha, Muhammad Bilal, Yujin Sun, Rui Gu, Chao Ni, Chaoqun Li, and Yumeng Deng. "Effects of Flotation Reagents on Flotation Kinetics of Aphanitic (Microcrystalline) Graphite." Separations 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9120416.
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The flotation method is widely used for the preliminary beneficiation of aphanitic (microcrystalline) graphite. However, there is limited literature regarding the effects of flotation reagents on the flotation kinetics of aphanitic graphite. In this study, six commonly used flotation kinetic models were used to fit the flotation experimental data of aphanitic graphite. The classical first-order model was found to be most suitable for describing flotation kinetics of aphanitic graphite. The modified flotation rate constant (Km) was then applied to evaluate the effects of collector, frother, and inhibitor on aphanitic graphite flotation kinetics. Compared to diesel oil and terpineol oil, kerosene and 2-octanol produced a greater Km. The highest Km was obtained at an inhibitor dosage of 15 mg/L.
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Matveyeva, T. N., L. B. Lantsova, and O. I. Gladysheva. "Effect of ore dressing on flotation of copper and arsenic minerals in sulphide ore processing." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2021 (January 15, 2022): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2021-6-48-50.
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Monomineral flotation results showed that the use of a new reagent S-cyanoethyl N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate enhances the flotation activity of chalcopyrite, in contrast to flotation with butyl xanthate, and reduced the flotation ability of arsenopyrite, which makes this reagent promising for its use in the selective flotation of complex sulfide ores.
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Li, Li Xia, Wan Zhong Yin, Dan Feng, and Bin Zhang. "Effect of Siderite on Reverse Flotation of Dong Anshan Iron Ore Containing Carbonates." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.91.
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The content of carbonate minerals in Dong Anshan iron ore was increasing in recent years, which deteriorated reverse flotation indices or even resulted in unclear separation between concentrate and tailing. In dodecylamine and sodium oleate systems, reverse flotation tests were undertaken with artificial mixed minerals of martite, quartz and siderite. Based on mineral flotation tests, the effect mechanism of siderite on reverse flotation were investigated in terms of SEM and EDS. Results showed that siderite was weakly depressed by starch, and the adsorption of siderite on hematite and quartz was the main cause for reverse flotation difficulties. In reverse flotation in dodecylamine system, the adverse effect of siderite on reverse flotation could be reduced when the amount of starch increased, and iron minerals and quartz were separated effectively. Therefore, the reverse flotation in dodecylamine system could be considered to realize separating effectively iron minerals and quartz of Donganshan iron ore containing carbonates, but which had high requirements on pH. Other methods were siderite being separated prior to reverse flotation or inventing flotation agents capable of effectively activating or depressing siderite.
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Liao and Ou. "Flocs Properties and Flotation Performance of Fine Diaspore with Energy Input Pretreatment Induced Using Sodium Oleate." Minerals 9, no. 7 (July 14, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9070433.
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Energy input, an important factor affecting flocs properties and flotation performance, has rarely been studied in the field of diaspore flotation, which has severely limited our understanding of the flocculation flotation of fine diaspore. Therefore, in this study, the flocs properties and flotation performance of fine diaspore with energy input pretreatment were studied through flotation kinetics, flocs size measurements, and fractal dimension analysis. The results showed that the flocs size increased and the flocs structure became looser with the increasing energy input, while the flocs size decreased and the structure became compact when the energy input exceeded 10.93 kJ/m3. Meanwhile, there were significant differences in the flotation performance under different energy input pretreatment conditions, suggesting that the flotation performance of the fine diaspore was closely related with the flocs properties generated during the agitation process. In particular, the flotation performance was positively correlated with the flocculation degree of flocs, to a certain extent. The flocculation flotation of the fine diaspore benefited from a suitable energy input, and an excessive energy input was not conducive to flotation performance.
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Wei, Lim Mee, Lau Ee Von, and Poh Phaik Eong. "Optimization of Nanobubble-Assisted Bunker Oil Flotation from Oil-Wet Sand via Response Surface Methodology (RSM)." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 15, no. 1 (October 1, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49688.
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Flotation technology is an effective method for the separation of oil from sand via gas-liquid-solid system. The mechanism of flotation lies in the generation of gas bubble that attaches itself to the hydrophobic particles. Therefore, one of the main parameters which could affect the efficiency of flotation is the bubble size distribution. This research aims to investigate the efficiency of nanobubbles (NBs) in the flotation process to remove high density bunker oil from oil/sand slurry in a laboratory-scale flotation cell. Experiments were carried out using NBs (approximate diameter of 200 nm) generated via ultrasonication for the flotation studies. In this investigation, four different variables including amplitude (sonication power), pH, duration of sonication (min) and input flowrate of NBs (ml/s) were studied. The second order response function was used for obtaining flotation efficiency, and was further optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to maximize flotation efficiency within the experimentally studied range. The optimum parameters were found to be, 70% amplitude, pH 12, 10 min of flotation and an input flowrate of 57 ml/s to achieve the predicted maximum flotation efficiency of 19.83%. This was in agreement to the experimental results which show an optimum flotation efficiency of 19.98%. The test results indicated that the use of NBs alone provided unsatisfactory flotation. Even though NBs (larger surface area) are expected to increase the bubble-particle attachment and decrease the detachment probabilities, the low buoyancy/low rising velocity of NBs prevents efficient flotation despite the advantages they have. Future studies would include the optimization of bubble size to improve the flotation efficiency
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Yin, Wan Zhong, Li Rong Zhang, and Ya Zhuo Ding. "Research on Potential Control Flotation of Molybdenite." Advanced Materials Research 58 (October 2008): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.58.147.
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In this paper, potential control flotation of molybdenite has been investigated which focus on the effect of pulp potential on flotation performance. Optimum flotation conditions of molybdenite are determined through tests: optimum pulp potential is 190mv~300mv, dosage of sodium sulfide is 6kg/t.The potential control flotation does not use sodium silicate which solved the problem of tailing settlement difficulties. The mechanism of potential control flotation shows that S0 is the main factor that achieves potential control flotation of molybdenite.
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Wang, Wei Zhi, Miao Miao Han, and Chun Guang Yang. "Applied Research of Cyclonic-Static Micro-Bubble Flotation Column on the Microfine Hematite Flotation." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.242.
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According to the situation of high grade of flotation tailings in flotation process of SiJiYing Iron Mine, static-swirl micro-bubble flotation column was used in micro-fine hematite flotation tests. Tests on operation condition, reagent condition and flotation flowsheet were done. Compared with the flotation machine test, he final result was that concentrate grade was enhanced by 2.42%, recovery increased by 6.58%, and tailings grade was reduced by 2.01%,recovery rate reduced by 3.25%.Ideal beneficiation indexes were obtained.
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Chen, Wen Yi, Yue You Wei, Bing Sun, and Kai Tang. "Effect of Feed Angle on Centrifugal Flotation Cell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3803–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3803.
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Feed angle have a great effect on the flotation efficiency of self-priming centrifugal flotation cell.In order to improve the efficiency of flotation,the effect of feed angle on the flow field in a self-priming centrifugal flotation cell was investigated using STAR CCM+.The distribution law of velocity,pressure,turbulent kinetic energy under different angles was gotten.The turbulent kinetic energy and the pressure difference increased with the feed angle. Result shows that the feed angle acting on the interior flow field is significant and the feed angle of 20º is more conducive to flotation than others.Conclusion can provide a theoretical foundation for improving flotation efficiency and optimizing flotation structure.
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Wang, Xiao Min, and Ting An Zhang. "Flotation Desulfurization of High-Sulfur Bauxite with Ethyl Thio Carbamate as Collector." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1515.
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The desulfurization of high-sulfur diasporic bauxite （from China） with flotation process and ethyl thio carbamate as collector was studied, and the effects of flotation time, pulp density, pH value and particle size of ores were examined. The experimental results indicate that the sulfur in bauxite was successfully decreased through flotation. The sulfur content of bauxite was lowed to 0.66% under the condition of pH value 4, the dose of flotation agent ethyl thio carbamate 0.5kg/t, frother 20g/t, flotation time 15 minutes, pulp density 10%, the particle size of ores ≦0.09 mm, and the reclamation of Al2O3is 90.16% as well. The flotation kinetics of flotation desulfurization was also studied.
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Nhu, Dung Kim Thi, Son Hoang Nguyen, Chinh Thi Vu, and Duoc Van Tran. "Study on the effects of some parameters on the flotation performance of Vang Danh coal fines -0.3 mm in the reflux flotation cell." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2020.61(2).08.
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In the world, the coal fines usually are upgraded in flotation columns (Jameson, Pneufloat, Microcell,...). The reflux flotation cell is a novel type of flotation column that uses a system of inclined channels to enhance bubble - liquid segregation in flotation. Additionally, in this type of device, it is used a special froth washing mechanism with pressurized water to ameliorate the quality of cleaned coals. This type of device has a simple structure, high capacity and allows to receive cleaned coals of high quality. This paper presents the test results of coal fines samples -0,3mm from Vang Danh Mine by flotation in a laboratory Reflux flotation cell. In the test works, some process parameters are investigated and optimized: flotation time, pulp density, feed rate, froth height, wash water, and flotation reagents regime.
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Wang, Lei, and Chao Li. "A Brief Review of Pulp and Froth Rheology in Mineral Flotation." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (February 8, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3894542.
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In mineral flotation, rheological problems have limited the efficient upgrading of low-grade and complex ores. Since pulp and froth rheology are deemed to play different roles in influencing the separation performance, in this paper, a brief review on pulp and froth rheology in flotation is provided, with an objective of developing a basic understanding of rheology in flotation. The essential variables that affect the rheology of a flotation pulp and froth are discussed. The methods for measuring pulp and froth rheology are presented. The correlations of pulp and froth rheological properties to flotation performance are reviewed. Strategies that are currently used to mitigate the deleterious effects of problematic ores in flotation are also provided for flotation optimization. Research gaps are also proposed to highlight the need of further exploration of flotation rheology in future.
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Zhao, Fangchao, Zhichao Li, Xixi Han, Zhuang Shao, and Zongxue Li. "Optimization of Air Flotation and the Combination of Air Flotation and Membrane Filtration in Microalgae Harvesting." Processes 10, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081594.
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On account of its small size and poor sedimentation performance, microalgae harvesting is restricted from a wider application. Air flotation is an efficient and fast solid–liquid separation technology, which has the potential to overcome the impediments of microalgae harvesting. In this study, factors influencing microalgae harvesting by air flotation were investigated. The results illustrated that bound extracellular organic matter (bEOM) had a greater effect on microalgae harvesting by air flotation, compared with dissolved extracellular organic matter (dEOM). Microalgae harvesting by air flotation in different growth stages proceeded, and the effect of air flotation in the heterotrophic stage was better than the autotrophic stage. The molecular weight distributions demonstrated that after air flotation, the proportion of high MW substance increased, while the proportion of low MW substance decreased, regardless of whether dEOM or bEOM. Membrane filtration was carried out for the algal solutions before and after air flotation. The membrane of pre-flotation algal solution had a higher critical flux of 51 L/m2·h than that of no-pre-flotation (24 L/m2·h), and, thus, pre-flotation had an active effect on membrane filtration in microalgae harvesting. Moreover, the combination of air flotation and membrane filtration provided an efficient technology for microalgae harvesting.
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Musuku, Benjamin, Eija Saari, and Olli Dahl. "Oxidative Dissolution of Low-Grade Ni-Cu Ore and Impact on Flotation of Pentlandite." Minerals 12, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12111406.
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This paper investigated the effect of mineral surface oxidation on the floatability of Kevitsa low-grade Ni-Cu ore. Physicochemical measurements, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) extraction, and oxygen uptake experiments were carried out with slurry and recycled process water samples obtained from the Kevitsa Cu-Ni sequential concentrator plant. The pH of recycled process water, copper flotation feed, and nickel flotation feed dropped by 0.7, 0.4, and 0.7 points, respectively, from May to July. The oxygen demand increased from recycled process water to the copper flotation feed, then dropped for the nickel flotation feed. The nickel flotation feed Redox potential (ORP) was lowest for July, while EDTA extractable metals increased from May to July. There was a 20% drop in nickel recoveries from May to July. Based on ORP measurements of the nickel flotation feed, good nickel flotation takes place in a moderately oxidizing (75–170 mV) and alkaline (9.2–9.7 pH) environment. Therefore, the ORP/pH of the nickel flotation feed is important to the nickel flotation. The results showed that at the Kevitsa plant, the grinding process is an electrochemically active environment, which, together with the incoming recycled process water quality, defines the degree of mineral surface oxidation for flotation. The increasing corrosiveness of the recycled process water increased mineral surface oxidation and depressed pentlandite flotation. Laboratory flotation experiments confirmed the observed poor plant flotation response when the corrosiveness of recycled process water increased. Total dissolved solids (TDS) was proven to be a reliable online parameter for the corrosiveness of the recycled process water and was inversely proportional to the pentlandite recovery. The findings of this study may help the plant develop ways to enable a timely response to changes in recycled process water quality to prevent harmful impacts on pentlandite flotation.
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Yan, Sen, Jing Qi Zhang, and Wei Zhi Diao. "Flotation Reagent Progress and Application Overview." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.76.
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Selection and use of Flotation reagent is one of the most important aspects to improve flotation effect. Because of different perspectives, Flotation reagent has different classification methods. According to agents in the flotation of use and combine attributes and dissociative nature into collecting agent, foaming agent, modifier three categories, the paper from the three aspects outlined flotation reagent developments and applications.
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Galas, Jacek, and Dariusz Litwin. "Machine Learning Technique for Recognition of Flotation Froth Images in a Nonstable Flotation Process." Minerals 12, no. 8 (August 20, 2022): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12081052.
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The paper is focused on the analysis of the relation between the stability of the flotation process and the efficiency of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms based on the flotation froth images. An ML process should enable researchers to construct Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for flotation process control. The image of the flotation froth includes information characterizing the flotation process. The information can be extracted with the aid of the Image Recognition (IR) algorithms based on the ML. This enables construction of a flotation process control system in the mineral processing plant, which is based on the recognition of images of the flotation froth. The IR algorithms do not provide stable image recognition results and are not efficient in the situation where the parameters of the flotation process are highly unstable. The classification results were equal to 75.11% and 69.62% for a stable and unstable process, respectively. The experimental data collected at the Polish Pb/Zn mineral processing plant provided better insight to the relationships between the flotation process parameters and ML efficiency. These relationships were analyzed, and guidelines for the construction of the ML process for flotation process control have been formulated.
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Kyzas, George, and Kostas Matis. "Flotation in Water and Wastewater Treatment." Processes 6, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6080116.
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Flotation constitutes a separation process that originated from mineral processing. Nowadays, wider applications have been found and compared to flotation for water and wastewater treatment. Stress in the present review paper was mainly applied to heavy metal ions recovery by flotation and the respective mechanism followed, being either ion, precipitate, or sorptive flotation. In the latter case, the use of adsorbents is included (such as powdered activated carbon, zeolites, and goethite), as well as various biosorbents. The flotation of the following metals was reviewed: copper, zinc, nickel, lead, iron, chromium, arsenic, gold, and others. The bubble generation method could be applied for typical dispersed-air flotation column, electroflotation, or dissolved-air flotation; the latter being the most appropriate established technique in water treatment. The role of particle size (for example, studying flotation of salt-type mineral fines) was also examined.
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Ковальчук, Віктор. "КОМПАКТНІ СПОРУДИ ГЛИБОКОЇ ОЧИСТКИ СТІЧНИХ ВОД МАЛИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ." Ресурсоекономні матеріали, конструкції, будівлі та споруди, no. 41 (July 29, 2022): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31713/budres.v0i41.39.
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У статті наведено опис компактних споруд глибокої очистки стічних вод підприємств харчової промисловості. Для очистки стічних вод запропоновано застосовувати виготовлені з металу відстійники-флотатори, комбіновані з аеротенками-відстійниками першого ступеню, а також аеротенки-відстійники другого ступеню, комбіновані з фільтрами з плаваючим завантаженням, що монтуються безпосередньо на майданчику очисних споруд.
The article presents the compact facilities for food industry small enterprises deep wastewater treatment, what were designed in the sectoral wastewater treatment plant laboratory at the food industry enterprises. For a preliminary removal from wastewater suspended solids and fats proposed a new combined structure - settler-flotator. Settler-flotator is a vertical type flotation cell in which wastewater is first exposed to short-term sedimentation then pressure flotation with recirculation. This allows: - increase the overall efficiency of suspension removal from wastewater by the preliminary sedimentation the largest poorly flotating particles; - provide the most effective contact solids and air bubbles during their joint vertical movement; - to simplify the process of removing sludge and sediment. For biological wastewater treatment of food industry proposed to use aeration tanks of large hydraulic height (8-10 m) with the surface jet aeration, combined with peripheral secondary settling tanks. Their application provides the following advantages: 1) in one construction will be biological wastewater treatment at high doses of activated sludge and its effective separation from treated wastewater; 2) the use of jet aeration system provide high oxidizing ability and efficiency of aeration; 3) due to the continuous sampling a sludge mixture from the bottom and feed on the surface jet aerators, sludge recirculation will be provided and downward movement sludge mixture in the aeration zone; 4) in the bottom of the aeration zone due to the gradual reduction of dissolved oxygen in biological processes formed anoxid zone, which provides the ability to simultaneous nitrification-denitrification. Final stage of wastewater treatment is held in filters with floating filling of expanded polystyrene. Metal wastewater treatment edifices supposed to be mounted above ground level.
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Ozturk, Yasemin, Ozlem Bicak, and Zafir Ekmekci. "Effects of Residual Xanthate on Flotation Efficiency of a Cu-Zn Sulfide Ore." Minerals 12, no. 3 (February 23, 2022): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12030279.
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Reuse of process water in the flotation of sulfide ores has crucial importance for environmental sustainability and improved process economy. However, the chemistry of process water may be a critical subject for the flotation efficiency as the dissolved ion concentration increases with water reuse. In this study, the effects of water reuse on the flotation efficiency of a Cu-Zn sulfide ore were investigated. The flotation flowsheet consists of a pre-flotation section to remove the naturally floatable talc particles, and sequential copper and zinc flotation sections. Calcium, sulfate, thiosulfate, and xanthate were found as major contaminating ionic species in the process water discharged from flotation circuits. The flotation tests with recirculated water from the zinc rougher tailing revealed that the presence of residual xanthate caused unintentional activation of copper minerals in the pre-float section. Copper recovery increased in the pre-flotation section and resulted in the loss of copper to the pre-float concentrate, which is considered as a tailing stream in the current flowsheet. Various types of activated carbon samples were tested to remove the residual xanthate from the tailing water. The carbon samples could be regenerated by heat treatment and reused for water treatment. Performance of the activated carbon samples was directly related to the pore size and surface area. Carbon-treated tailing water could be re-used in flotation without affecting the flotation performance.
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Zhang, Huan, Mingming Du, Haijie Hu, Hongli Zhang, and Naijian Song. "A Review of Ultrasonic Treatment in Mineral Flotation: Mechanism and Recent Development." Molecules 29, no. 9 (April 25, 2024): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29091984.
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Ultrasonic treatment has been widely used in the mineral flotation process due to its advantages in terms of operational simplicity, no secondary pollutant formation, and safety. Currently, many studies have reported the effect of ultrasonic treatment on mineral flotation and shown excellent flotation performance. In this review, the ultrasonic mechanisms are classified into three types: the transient cavitation effect, stable cavitation effect, and acoustic radiation force effect. The effect of the main ultrasonic parameters, including ultrasonic power and ultrasonic frequency, on mineral flotation are discussed. This review highlights the uses of the application of ultrasonic treatment in minerals (such as the cleaning effect, ultrasonic corrosion, and desulfuration), flotation agents (such as dispersion and emulsification and change in properties and microstructure of pharmaceutical solution), and slurry (such formation of microbubbles and coalescence). Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and prospects of using ultrasonic approaches for mineral flotation. The findings demonstrate that the application of the ultrasonic effect yields diverse impacts on flotation, thereby enabling the regulation of flotation behavior through various treatment methods to enhance flotation indices and achieve the desired objectives.
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Kumin, Maxine. "Flotation Devices." Hudson Review 46, no. 2 (1993): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3851678.
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Wang, Dianzuo, Shuiyu Sun, and Yuehua Hu. "Collectorless flotation." RESOURCES PROCESSING 39, no. 1 (1992): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4144/rpsj1986.39.31.
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WAKAMATSU, Takahide. "Froth flotation." Hyomen Kagaku 12, no. 1 (1991): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.12.28.
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AHMED, N., and G. J. JAMESON. "Flotation Kinetics." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 5, no. 1-4 (February 2, 1989): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08827508908952645.
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Grano, Stephen. "Flotation ‘03." Minerals Engineering 16, no. 7 (July 2003): 681–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(03)00176-6.
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Han, K. N. "Froth flotation." International Journal of Mineral Processing 28, no. 1-2 (February 1990): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-7516(90)90034-v.
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McKee, D. J. "Column flotation." International Journal of Mineral Processing 34, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-7516(92)90025-r.
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