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Academic literature on the topic 'Flotation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Flotation"

1

Liu, Shuang, Lang Yang, Hao Yi, and Shaoxian Song. "Simultaneous Recovery of Niobium and Sulfur from Carbonate Niobite Ore with Flotation." Minerals 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12040432.

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Exploring new ways to acquire niobium resources is essential to resolve niobium supply risks, due to the fact that, at present, 99% of niobium is controlled by only two countries. In the present work, a flotation technique was applied to separate niobium from low-grade niobite ore. To maximize the utilization of the original ore resources, pre-flotation was conducted to recover sulfur and eliminate the adverse effects of sulfide on niobite flotation. The obtained sulfur grade and recovery were 33.74% and 92.04%, respectively, and its concentration ratio was 40x. As for the niobite flotation, a closed-circuit experiment with one rougher flotation, three cleaner flotations, and two scavenger flotations was carried out to achieve the maximum niobite recovery. To further improve the niobite recovery, a leaching process with diluted HCl was employed; the final obtained Nb2O5 grade and recovery were 30.19% and 65.04%, respectively, and the concentration ratio reached 242x. Moreover, the economic evaluation implies that the flotation process can attract great positive interest.

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2

Alekseev, E. V. "The Formation of a Dispersed Gas System in the Flotation Cells." E3S Web of Conferences 126 (2019): 00069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912600069.

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The use of flotation methods for wastewater treatment is due to their advantages in comparison with other methods of gravity separation, for example, sedimentation. The advantages of flotation water treatment methods include the high speed of the separation process, the ability to extract impurities that are close in density to water, environmental friendliness. Flotation methods are based on adsorptive bubble separation processes. Accordingly, the performance of a particular flotator directly depends on the conditions for the implementation of these processes in a particular flotation cell. The aim of the research was to study the relationship between the dispersed gas phase (DGP) and the ratio of the geometric dimensions of the flotation cells based on the proposed shape indicator of the flotation cell. Studies performed on the experimental model of the flotator have established a significant influence of theshape indicator of the flotation cell on such important indicators of the adsorptive bubble separation processes as gas-filling and the DGP floating speed. The evaluation of different forms of flotation cells, in relation to the properties of extracted bubble-particle complexes is given.

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3

Lee, Sugyeong, Charlotte E. Gibson, and Ahmad Ghahreman. "The Separation of Carbonaceous Matter from Refractory Gold Ore Using Multi-Stage Flotation: A Case Study." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121430.

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As a pre-treatment method of refractory gold ore, carbonaceous matter (C-matter) flotation was investigated with multi-stage flotation by rougher, scavenger, and cleaner stages. Different dosages of kerosene and MIBC (4-Methyl-2-pentanol) were applied and the optimum dosage was selected by testing in each flotation stage. With the combination of each stage, four circuit designs were suggested, which were a single-stage rougher flotation (R), rougher-scavenger flotation (R+S), rougher-scavenger-scavenger cleaner flotation (R+S+SC), and rougher-rougher cleaner-scavenger-scavenger cleaner flotations (R+S+RC+SC). The results indicated that the scavenger flotation increased C-matter recovery but reduced C-matter grade compared with single-stage rougher flotation. Cleaning of the scavenger flotation concentrate improved C-matter grade significantly, but reduced recovery slightly. Cleaning of the rougher flotation concentrate achieved overall improved selectivity in flotation. A combination of rougher-scavenger flotation followed by cleaning of both concentrates (R+S+RC+SC) resulted in 73% C-matter recovery and a combined cleaner concentrate grade of 4%; the final tailings C-matter grade was 0.9%, where the C-matter remaining in the tailings was locked, and fine grained. The results demonstrate the need for the multi-stage flotation of C-matter from refractory gold ore to achieve selective separation and suggested the potential of C-matter flotation as the pre-treatment for efficient gold production.

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4

Rybarczyk, Piotr, and Bożenna Kawalec-Pietrenko. "Simultaneous Removal of Al, Cu and Zn Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ion and Precipitate Flotation Methods." Processes 9, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020301.

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This paper presents the results of investigations concerning the simultaneous removal of Al(III), Cu(II), and Zn(II) from dilute aqueous solutions using ion and precipitate flotation methods. The effects of initial solution pH, surface active substance concentration, and the gas velocity on the flotations’ efficiency and course are studied. Experimental results are discussed in terms of physicochemical aspects related to aqueous solutions of metal salts. The results indicate that satisfying simultaneous flotations of aluminum, copper and zinc species are observed if the pH value ranges between 7.0 and 9.0. It was found that an increase in collector concentration results in a decrease in the flotation rate constants. An increase in the gas velocity results in an increase in the ion and precipitate flotation rates.

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5

Obradović, Ljubiša, Sandra Milutinović, Srđana Magdalinović, and Sanja Petrović. "Auscultation of the RTH flotation tailing dump in Bor with reference to the stability of dams and dykes at the tailing dump." Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, no. 2 (2022): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mmeb2202059o.

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The RTH flotation tailing dump, located in the old open pit RTH in Bor about 500 m southeast of the Flotation Plant, has been in continuous operational work since 1985. The flotations tailing dumps are important mining facilities that are constantly changed during their exploitation period. Due to the changes occurring in the tailing dump during its exploitation, it is necessary to perform a continuous technical and technological surveillance-auscultation in order to collect parameters in real time to predict the phenomena, which will enable the normal exploitation of tailing dump. This paper presents the current state of the flotation tailing dump RTH, based on the auscultation monitoring program, carried out in the period August 2020 to February 2021. As for the normal exploitation of the flotation tailings dump in safe and stable conditions, a special attention is paid in this paper to the stability analysis of the dams I and II, as well as the sand dyke between them.

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6

Yang, Wei, Gang Wang, Qian Wang, Ping Dong, Huan Cao, and Kai Zhang. "Comprehensive Recovery Technology for Te, Au, and Ag from a Telluride-Type Refractory Gold Mine." Minerals 9, no. 10 (September 30, 2019): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9100597.

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While extracting gold and silver from telluride-type gold deposits, it is beneficial to develop a comprehensive recovery technology for tellurium. In this paper, we report process mineralogy based on the backward processing technology and the low comprehensive utilization rate of typical telluride-type gold deposits in Xiaoqinling, China. The findings show that tellurium, gold, and silver are the most valuable elements in the ore fissures and gangue minerals and are encapsulated in metallic sulfur ore in the form of altaite, hessite, calaverite, antamokite and natural gold. The flotation method was innovatively applied in this study to comprehensively recover Te, Au and Ag. The results show that when the ore particle size was −0.074 mm (70%), the flotation pulp density was 33%, the pulp pH was 8, and the combined collector (isoamyl xanthate + ethyl thio- carbamate (1:1)) was 120 g/t, in the process involving one rough flotation step, two cleaning flotations and two scavenging flotations as well as a continuous 8 d industrial test, the recovery degree was stable and the average grades of Te, Au, and Ag were 241.61, 90.30, and 92.74 g/t with 95.42%, 97.28%, and 94.65% recovery rates, respectively; thus, excellent recovery degrees were obtained. Compared with the original flotation process, the recovery rates of Te, Au, and Ag were increased by 19.91%, 6.93%, and 5.67%, which boosted the effective enrichment of all valuable elements in the telluride-type gold mine and achieved technological progress.

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7

Guo, Yuwu, Guohua Gu, Yisheng Zhang, Qingke Li, Su Liao, and Yanhong Wang. "Utilization of Flotation Wastewater for Separation of Chalcopyrite and Molybdenite by Selective Surface Passivation." Minerals 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2024): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14040388.

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In the flotation separation process of a Cu-Mo-W polymetallic ore, the wastewater from the scheelite cleaning flowsheet contains large numbers of residual flocculants and metal ions, and the separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite requires a large number of environmentally harmful depressants. Therefore, it is necessary to find new methods to reduce the environmental and cost pressures of wastewater treatment and the use of depressants. In this work, the flotation wastewater from the scheelite cleaning flowsheet for the separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite by selective surface passivation was investigated for the first time. Flotations of single minerals and artificially mixed minerals with or without immersion pretreatment in the presence and absence of aeration were performed. The results showed that pulp pH had no effect on the flotation of either mineral, and a molybdenite recovery of 93.22% with a chalcopyrite recovery of 10.77% was achieved under the conditions of 10 days of immersion pretreatment with aeration, 350 mg/L of kerosene, and 100 mg/L of MIBC. By combining the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry analysis and characterization by XRD and SEM, the selective surface passivation mechanism of chalcopyrite was discussed, which could be due to the coverage of the insoluble oxidation products, especially jarosite. This work has simultaneously achieved the depressant-free flotation separation of molybdenite and chalcopyrite and the reuse of scheelite flotation wastewater, which is of great significance for environmental protection and cost saving.

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Luo, Yong Qiang, Rui Chen Ren, and Cai Xia Li. "Research on the Application of Mo-Ni Ore Pre-Discarding Tailings by Small-Diameter Hydrocyclone." Advanced Materials Research 619 (December 2012): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.619.151.

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For the Mo-Ni ore that mineral composition is complex, and the grade is relatively low, the flotation’s effect is not good in advance for enrichment, because of the influence of fine grained level gangue minerals. The small diameter hydrocyclone were used to pre-discard tailings, with the best pulp density and feed pressure, the rate of throwing is the 30%, and then the flotation obtained a good beneficiation index. The crude ore that contains Mo 2.04 %, Ni 1.87 %, through the closed-circuit test won a concentrate that the grade of Mo is 8.94 % and the recovery is 91.86 %, the grade of Ni is 6.75 % and the recovery is 86.79 %. Compared with the single flotation process, it improved the flotation effect and the enrichment ratio of Mo Ni, and realized the efficient enrichment of Mo-Ni.

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9

Ignatkina, V. A., V. A. Bocharov, A. R. Makavetskas, A. A. Kayumov, D. D. Aksenova, L. S. Khachatryan, and Yu Yu Fishchenko. "RATIONAL PROCESSING OF REFRACTORY COPPER-BEARING ORES." Izvestiya Vuzov Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Proceedings of Higher Schools Nonferrous Metallurgy, no. 3 (June 14, 2018): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2018-3-6-18.

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The paper presents the results obtained when studying material compositions of four samples of refractory copper-bearing ores from the Uzelga deposit along with technological solutions to improve their processing parameters. The refractoriness of ores is associated with a thin dissemination (up to a micron size) and close intergrowth of ore and rock minerals. Ferrous sulfides are represented by a wide range of minerals: pyrite, marcasite and their variety melnikovite, arsenic pyrite and arsenopyrite; sooty melnikovite has a higher flotation activity. The reduction of iron sulfides from 89 to 29 % is followed by a proportional increase of easy-floatable rock minerals to 45 % and clay to 9 %. These properties make these sulfides difficult to process (float) and maintain ore refractoriness. The content of copper sulfides in ore samples varies from 3,32 to 7,29 %; the relative fraction of copper sulfide in a form of tennantite in different deposit samples varies from 29 to 93 %. Copper is also present as chalcopyrite and bornite. The best flotation activity of tennantite can be seen in neutral and weak acid media in contrast with standard flotation mode for chalcopyrite and bornite with butyl xanthate in a high-alkaline calcareous medium. Free grains of copper minerals can be selectively extracted into the intermediate flotation copper concentrates when grinding maximum 60 % of the –71-μm class. The technology of flotation in a low-alkaline medium is developed for refractory copper-bearing ores with variable tennantite content using the M-TF selective sulfhydryl collector in intermediate copper flotations and copper concentrate upgrading cycle; aeration used to suppress melnikovite flotation activity makes it possible to achieve 80 % copper recovery into conditioned copper concentrate. Bornite, tennantite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite disseminated in pyrite make it rational to obtain copper-pyrite, copper-zinc-pyrite products with their yield up to 12 % for pyroand hydrometallurgical processing.

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Zhao, Chen, Chuanyao Sun, Yangge Zhu, Yimin Zhu, and Wanzhong Yin. "Study of the Mechanism of the Fe-BHA Chelates in Scheelite Flotation." Minerals 12, no. 4 (April 15, 2022): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12040484.

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Scheelite associated with calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and fluorite is difficult to separate by flotation because of the Ca ions contained in the mineral lattices, which cause scheelite to have similar surface properties and floatability to gangue minerals. Traditional collectors such as oleic acid need to add a large amount of sodium silicate as gangue inhibitors, which causes difficulties for the settlement of tailings. In addition, the use of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), which needs the addition of Pb(NO3)2 as the scheelite activator, can also cause environmental pollution. In this paper, Fe-BHA, a new collector containing the iron complex, was studied to investigate its flotation ability of scheelite, as well as its BHA/FeCl3 ratio on scheelite flotations. In the single mineral flotations, the Fe-BHA showed a significant difference in the flotation recoveries of scheelite and calcite, with a scheelite recovery of 77.03% at pH 8.0 and calcite recovery of 16.69% at the same pH. The results of the roughing tests of Xianglushan actual ore showed that the scheelite with Fe-BHA (500 g/t BHA and 200 g/t FeCl3) and 40 g/t oleic acid as collectors obtained satisfactory flotation results with a WO3 grade of 1.56% and WO3 recovery of 65.52%, which were much higher than those of scheelite with BHA or oleic acid as the collector, but there was still a gap with those of scheelite using Pb(NO3)2 as activation and BHA as the collector. The UV-Vis curves of the Fe-BHA with different BHA/FeCl3 ratios indicated that the Fe-BHA chelates might have several different structural forms, and the single mineral tests of the BHA/FeCl3 ratios showed that when the molar ratio of benzohydroxamic acid to FeCl3 was about 1.2:1, the best scheelite flotation result was obtained in this test. In addition, the XPS analyses proved that the adsorption of the Fe-BHA on the scheelite surface occurred, and by fitting the peaks of Ca 2p and O 1s of scheelite, it was found that the mechanism of the Fe-BHA acting on the Ca sites of the scheelite surface was through the removal of H2O from the Ca-OH of scheelite and Fe-OH from Fe-BHA to form Fe-O-H.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flotation"

1

Almaghrabi, Mohammednoor Naher. "Flotation of coarse particles in a modified flotation column cell." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240560.

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Yianatos, Juan B. "Column flotation froths." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28385.

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A fundamental study on the behaviour of flotation column froths is presented. Three main aspects were considered: hydrodynamic, cleaning (rejection of hydraulically entrained particles) and selectivity (separation between particles of different hydrophobicity).
Column froth hydrodynamics were studied in a two phase (gas-liquid) system. A model to estimate gas holdup from electrical conductivity was developed. Bubble coalescence was evaluated by means of local measurement of gas holdup and bubble size distribution, consequently bubble surface loss along the froth was determined. Mathematical models are developed to describe liquid entrainment and drainage throughout the froth.
The cleaning action was evaluated by monitoring feed water penetration at different levels in the froth, which corresponds to the boundary (worst) condition of fine particles entrainment. Laboratory and plant-scale tracer tests showed that the main cleaning action occurs close to the froth/collection zone interface.
Local grade and solids percentage along column froths, together with a mathematical model describing mass transport, was used to analyse mineral selectivity in column froths. Quantification of mineral loss from the froth, due to detachment and cleaning, is presented.
A generalized model to describe particle settling against a bubble swarm was developed. Entrainment and segregation of particles in the wake of bubbles gives insight into the characteristics of the pulp entering the froth in a flotation column.

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3

Lewis, Jonathan Stretton. "A hydrodynamic investigation of platinum flotation in a pilot flotation plant." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6082.

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Deglon, David Alan. "A hydrodynamic investigation of fine particle flotation in a batch flotation cell." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5375.

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Pazhianur, Rajesh R. "Hydrophobic Forces in Flotation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28066.

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An atomic force microscope (AFM) has been used to conduct force measurements to better understand the role of hydrophobic forces in flotation. The force measurements were conducted between a flat mineral substrate and a hydrophobic glass sphere in aqueous solutions. It is assumed that the hydrophobic glass sphere may simulate the behavior of air bubbles during flotation. The results may provide information relevant to the bubble-particle interactions occurring during flotation. The glass sphere was hydrophobized by octadecyltrichlorosilane so that its water contact angle was 109 degrees. The mineral systems studied include covellite (CuS), sphalerite (ZnS) and hornblende (Ca₂(Mg, Fe)₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH,F)₂). The collector used for all the mineral systems studied was potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX). For the covellite-xanthate system, a biopotentiostat was used in conjunction with the AFM to control the potential of the mineral surface during force measurements. This was necessary since the adsorption of xanthate is strongly dependent on the electrochemical potential (Eₕ) across the solid/liquid interface. The results show the presence of strong hydrophobic forces not accounted for by the DLVO (named after Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek) theory. Furthermore, the potential at which the strongest hydrophobic force was measured corresponds to the potential where the flotation recovery of covellite reaches a maximum, indicating a close relationship between the two. Direct force measurements were also conducted to study the mechanism of copper-activation of sphalerite. The force measurements conducted with unactivated sphalerite in 10⁻³ M KEX solutions did not show the presence of hydrophobic force while the results obtained with copper-activated sphalerite at pH 9.2 and 4.6 showed strong hydrophobic forces. However, at pH 6.8, no hydrophobic forces were observed, which explains why the flotation of sphalerite is depressed in the neutral pH regime. Direct force measurements were also conducted using hornblende in xanthate solutions to study the mechanism of inadvertent activation and flotation of rock minerals. The results show the presence of long-range hydrophobic forces when hornblende was activated by heavy metal cations such as Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions. The strong hydrophobic forces were observed at pHs above the precipitation pH of the activating cation. These results were confirmed by the XPS analysis of the activated hornblende samples. Force measurements were conducted between silanated silica surfaces to explore the relationship between hydrophobicity, advancing contact angle (CA), and the magnitude (K) of hydrophobic force. In general, K increases as Contact Angle increases and does so abruptly at Contact Angle=90°. At the same time, the acid-base component of the surface free energy decreases with increasing CA and K. At CA>90°, GammaS^AB approaches zero. Based on the results obtained in the present work a mathematical model for the origin of the hydrophobic force has been developed. It is based on the premise that hydrophobic force originates from the attraction between large dipoles on two opposing surfaces. The model has been used successfully to fit the measured hydrophobic forces using dipole moment as the only adjustable parameter. However, the hydrophobic forces measured at CA>90° cannot be fitted to the model, indicating that there may be an additional mechanism, possibly cavitation, contributing to the appearance of the long-range hydrophobic force.
Ph. D.

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Ikumapayi, Fatai Kolawole. "Flotation chemistry of complex sulphide ores : recycling of process water and flotation selectivity." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Industriell miljö- och processteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26634.

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Recycling of flotation effluents through the ore processing plant is one of the ways of reducing both plant-operating costs and industrial impact onto the local ecosystem. Such waters named acid mine drainage (AMD), if discharged from sulphide flotation are gypsum (CaSO4.H2O) saturated and have a high salinity (on the order of 1000 ppm). As minor species, they commonly contain reduced sulphur compounds (RSC) (sulfoxyanions with sulphur in the oxidation state below (VI) such as SO32-, S2O32-, S2O52-, and S4O62-), cations of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, frothing molecules, residual chemical reagents and products of their degradation. Tailing ponds also host communities of chemolithotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms which play an important role in dictating their aqueous and solid phase chemical speciation. Consequently, the key step towards developing scientific approaches of recycling of the tailing waters is elucidation of how, in what extent, and why the tailing water components, taken singly or jointly influence flotation of sulphides. In this work, the influence of main process water components of calcium and sulphate on chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite and pyrite flotation has been investigated through Hallimond flotation, zeta-potential and diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy measurements using pure mineral samples as well as bench scale flotation tests using complex sulphide ore. The significance of process water species in flotation has been assessed using deionised water, process water and simulated water containing calcium and sulphate ions in experiments. In addition, the effect of temperature in bench scale flotation tests has also been examined. Hallimond flotation indicated depression of chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite and activation of pyrite in the presence of calcium and sulphate ions with potassium amyl xanthate as collector. Calcium ions have significant influence on zeta-potential characteristics and xanthate adsorption behaviour of chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite and pyrite compared to sulphate ions. FTIR studies revealed the presence of surface oxidised sulfoxy species and surface iron and calcium carbonates on chalcopyrite in the presence of process water and water containing calcium ions, surface oxidised sulfoxy and carbonate species on galena in the presence of deionised water, process water and water containing calcium and sulphate ions, hydrated surface oxidised species and surface iron and calcium carbonates on pyrite in the presence of process water and water containing calcium ions all at pH 10.5 in which the surface species influenced xanthate adsorption. The presence of surface oxidised sulfoxy and carbonate species on sphalerite were also revealed at pH 11.5 in the presence of deionised water, process water and water containing calcium and sulphate ions in which surface species does not influence xanthate adsorption. Bench scale flotation using two different complex sulphide ores showed that chalcopyrite recovery is better in process water than tap water and general depression of chalcopyrite at temperatures lower than 22oC in either tap water or process water, activation of chalcopyrite at all temperatures in process water and depression of chalcopyrite when tap water containing calcium and sulphate ions was used at 22oC. It also showed that galena recovery is better in tap water than process water and depression of galena at temperatures lower than 22oC in either tap water or process water. It also showed that sphalerite recovery is better in process water than in tap water better recovery of sphalerite at temperatures lower than 22oC in either tap water or process water.
Godkänd; 2010; 20101114 (fatiku); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Mineralteknik/Mineral Processing Examinator: Professor Kota Hanumantha Rao, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: PhD Jaakko Leppinen, Outotec, Non-Ferrous Solutions, Espoo, Finland Tid: Fredag den 10 december 2010 kl 10.00 Plats: F531 Bergrum, Luleå tekniska universitet

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Rowley, Dylan Mark. "Investigation of Flash Flotation Technology Utilizing Centrifugal Forces and Novel Sparging Methods." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64781.

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A new processing technique, centrifugal flotation, has been developed in recent research projects to overcome the large residence times and fine particle limitations of traditional flotation technologies. The major innovation in the area of centrifugal flotation is the Air Sparged Hydrocyclone (ASH), which has proven capabilities in achieving quality products at specific capacities greater than traditional flotation methods. However, the ASH technology ultimately suffers from sparger plugging problems. Therefore, three unique flotation cyclone designs were developed utilizing external sparging systems and control features to float fine coal. The objective of each design was to create a system that mimics the behavior of the ASH technology, while providing advantages in bubble generation and retention time requirements. The evaluation of the three designs provided evidence towards the development of an efficient centrifugal flotation technique. Evaluation of a flotation cyclone with an external Cavitation Tube yielded a single-stage product with an ash content of 4.41% and a 45% recovery rate in a retention time of 0.66 seconds. However, the system required 16 minutes to meet comparable flotation yields and recoveries. The third design achieved a multiple-stage product of 11.32% ash at a 55% recovery in 20 minutes. These two designs provided low yield, high grade products, but rejected a high percentage of hydrophobic particles and required high retention times to meet typical flotation standards. In addition, these designs suffered by requiring high frother concentrations and recovery could not be increased through increased aeration due to design limitations.
Master of Science

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Schimmoller, Brian Keith. "A bubble-particle interaction model for flotation combining hydrodynamic and surface forces." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040332/.

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Musara, Washington Tendai. "Coal flotation : statistical comparison of a pilot flotation column and a batch mechanical cell." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29693.

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The effect of manipulated variables on the flotation response of run-of-mine coal supplied by Bullmoose Coal Mine (North East British Columbia) was studied in a pilot flotation column and a batch mechanical cell using experimental designs of the factorial class after the coal had been stage crushed and ground to about 96 percent minus 600 µm, the feed size to the flotation circuit at Bullmoose Coal Mine. The objective was to optimise statistically the two flotation units usings (1) screening designs, (2) the steepest ascent technique, and (3) central composite designs, and to compare cell performance. The efficiency index was employed as the primary optimisation criterion. The two cells yielded comparable efficiency indices, but the product ash content of clean coal from the flotation column was consistently lower. Evaluation of the efficiency indices of individual size fractions was also carried out at the optimum conditions of each cell. The approach taken was to separate the feed into individual size fractions, retain the fractions separately, and float them separately. The flotation column yielded higher efficiency indices and lower product ash content when a feed with 15 percent solids was floated. Results obtained by floating individual size fractions at 2 percent solids indicated that it is difficult to float sizes above 300 µm in both cells at such a low pulp density. Below 300 µm, the performance of both cells was comparable.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate

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10

Changunda, K. "The effect of energy input on flotation kinetics in an oscillating grid flotation cell." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14416.

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Energy is known to play an important role in particle-bubble contacting in flotation. This thesis investigates the effect of energy input (or agitation) on the flotation kinetics of quartz in a novel oscillating grid flotation cell. The effects of bubble size and particle size have been recognized as important variables affecting particle-bubble contacting in turbulent systems and are investigated in this thesis. The research work done in this thesis is a continuation of the work done by the Centre for Minerals Research by Deglon (1998) who investigated the effects of energy in a batch mechanical flotation cell. However, this system has a very complex hydrodynamic environment, resulting from the large disparities in turbulence intensity. Previously Breytenbach (1995) had constructed a hybrid flotation column cell, which was essentially a column flotation cell that could be modified into a Jameson cell or a mechanically agitated column cell. He used this to compare particle collection efficiency in these different particle-bubble contacting environments. The third phase of the work was the oscillating baffle column (OBC), a novel flotation column that attains agitation by oscillating a set of orifice baffles through the slurry, thereby producing a more uniform shear rate distribution than would be obtained in an impeller driven system (Anderson, 2008). The OBC unfortunately has significant oscillatory flow and has high shear rates, which often result in detachment effects becoming appreciable. Oscillating grids generate near ideal hydrodynamic environments, characterised by turbulence that is relatively homogeneous and isotropic. The oscillating grid flotation cell used in this study was based on the oscillatory multi-grid mixer used by Bache and Rasool (2001). The oscillatory multi-grid mixer was purchased from these authors and retrofitted to produce the oscillating grid flotation cell. The novel oscillating grid cell consists of a 10 litre tank agitated by 19 grids with a mesh size of 8 mm and grid spacing of 18 mm. The grids were oscillated at a fixed amplitude, equal to the grid spacing, and over a range of frequencies, using a variable speed drive. Frother was added at 100 ppm to be consistent with the work of Deglon (2002) and Ahmed and Jameson (1985). A low gas flow-rate (100 ml/min) and solids concentration were specifically chosen in order that there was minimal influence on the structure of turbulence in the oscillating grid cell, as Bache and Rasool (2001) took measurements in water. Flotation tests were performed on methylated quartz particles (P80 = 100 Î¼m) over a range of power intensities (0.015â€“0.60 W/kg) and using three different bubble sizes, generated by sintered glass discs (0.13, 0.24 and 0.82 mm). The flotation rate constant was found to increase approximately linearly with increasing particle size for all three bubble sizes. This was due to the increased probability of collision for larger particles and is well established in the flotation literature. A number of researchers have found that the flotation rate constant for quartz particles increases almost linearly with particle size, at low power intensities. An inverse power relationship was observed between bubble size and flotation rate constant for all fine, middling and coarse particle size ranges. This inverse power relationship was due to the increased probability of collision for smaller bubbles and is also well established in the flotation literature. More significantly, the flotation rate constant was found to increase almost linearly with increasing power intensity for all particle and bubble sizes used in this study. The majority of theoretical and experimental studies have found energy input to have less of an effect than the proportional/linear dependence observed in this study. In addition, the increase in the flotation rate constant with increasing power intensity was observed to depend on particle size, but to be less dependent on bubble size. These findings suggest that energy input and bubble size may respectively play more and less of a role in promoting particle-bubble contacting in turbulent environments than was noted in the flotation literature. However, a recent study by Newell and Grano (2006) done using a stirred tank also noted this linear dependence. Given the findings of this thesis, it is strongly recommended that further work be done to investigate the OGC at higher energy intensities (~3W/kg) and to scale it up so that it can be more comparable to the widely used mechanical flotation cells. The homogeneous and nearly isotropic turbulence generated by the OGC also makes it an ideal environment to characterize floatability for different ores.

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Books on the topic "Flotation"

1

Wang, Lawrence K., Nazih K. Shammas, William A. Selke, and Donald B. Aulenbach, eds. Flotation Technology. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-133-2.

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1952-, Dobby G. S., ed. Column flotation. Oxford, England: Pergamon, 1990.

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Wang, Lawrence K. Flotation technology. New York: Humana, 2010.

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Wang, Lawrence K., Mu-Hao Sung Wang, Nazih K. Shammas, and Donald B. Aulenbach, eds. Environmental Flotation Engineering. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54642-7.

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Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management., ed. Dissolved air flotation. London: CIWEM, 1997.

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Ma, Mark T. Iron ore flotation. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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SA, Orange. Flotation mini-prospectus. Paris: Orange, 2001.

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C, Fuerstenau Maurice, Miller James D, and Kuhn M. C, eds. Chemistry of flotation. New York: Society of Mining Engineers of the America Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Inc., 1985.

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Great Britain. Committee of Public Accounts. Flotation of Railtrack. London: Stationery Office Books, 1999.

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Kaltchev, Roumen. Dissolved Air Flotation. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51869-0.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flotation"

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Verruijt, Arnold. "Flotation." In An Introduction to Soil Mechanics, 77–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61185-3_9.

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Merkus, Henk G. "Flotation." In Particle Technology Series, 389–405. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20949-4_11.

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Lee, Byung Suk. "Flotation." In Hydrostatics and Stability of Marine Vehicles, 13–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2682-0_2.

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Gill, Charles Burroughs. "Flotation." In Materials Beneficiation, 176–215. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3020-5_10.

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Ng, Wei Sung, George Vincent Franks, Elizaveta Forbes, Luke Andrew Connal, and Hiroki Yotsumoto. "Flotation." In Powder Technology Handbook, 495–507. Fourth edition. | Boca Raton, FL : Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22268-63.

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Yuehua, Hu, and Xu Kuangdi. "Flotation." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–5. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_553-1.

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Shammas, Nazih K., and Gary F. Bennett. "Principles of Air Flotation Technology." In Flotation Technology, 1–47. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-133-2_1.

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Shammas, Nazih K. "Flotation–Filtration System for Wastewater Reuse." In Flotation Technology, 347–62. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-133-2_10.

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Aulenbach, Donald B., Nazih K. Shammas, Lawrence K. Wang, and Rodney C. Marvin. "Algae Removal by Flotation." In Flotation Technology, 363–99. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-133-2_11.

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Shammas, Nazih K., Lawrence K. Wang, and William A. Selke. "Completely Closed Water Systems in Paper Mills." In Flotation Technology, 401–27. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-133-2_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flotation"

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Schmidtova, Eva. "BIO - FLOTATION." In 13th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/ba1.v2/s04.002.

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"Flotation fundamentals." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-37.

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Bentli, İ., and M. Kaya. "Flotation hydrodynamics." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-51.

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"Flotation technology." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-52.

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Stokfisz, Anna. "FLOTATION WASTE MANAGEMENT." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b51/s20.048.

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Ksenofontov, B. S., and K. V. Titov. "Flotation simulation model." In SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL SCIENCE, SMART STRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMSS-2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5140139.

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Tryggvason, Gretar, and Jiacai Lu. "COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES OF FLOTATION." In 5-6th Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference (TFEC). Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tfec2021.mpm.032196.

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Valderrama Altamirano, Fermin, Hermitanio Ascate Anampa, Alison Percy Loloy Ascate, Brayan Vasquez Toribio, Juan Antonio Vega-Gonzalez, Marco Antonio Cotrina Teatino, and Hans Roger Portilla Rodriguez. "Advances in mineral flotation." In 21st LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (LACCEI 2023): “Leadership in Education and Innovation in Engineering in the Framework of Global Transformations: Integration and Alliances for Integral Development”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2023.1.1.252.

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Liu, Chenliang, Yalin Wang, Yijing Fang, and Kai Wang. "Promoting Decision-Making in Industrial Flotation Process by Collaborating Multiple Flotation Cells." In IECON 2023- 49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon51785.2023.10311839.

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Khursanov, A. Kh, K. S. Negmatova, M. E. Ikramova, and J. N. Negmatov. "Effective compositions of composite chemical flotation agents – Foamers and their flotation properties." In PROBLEMS IN THE TEXTILE AND LIGHT INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF INTEGRATION OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM: PTLICISIWS-2. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0197551.

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Reports on the topic "Flotation"

1

Cender, Clinton, Catherine Thomas, Martin Page, Bradley Sartain, Brianna Fernando, Musa Ibrahim, and Alec Wahl. Rapid algae flotation techniques. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47704.

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Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is an effective technique for algae separation following the application of flocculants and coagulants. Some harmful algae produce mucilage or extracellular polymeric substances useful for flotation. This study evaluated natural polysaccharides to determine effects on algal flotation with DAF. Food-grade gums (xanthan gum, guar gum, gum arabic, gellan gum, and diutan gum) were tested with cyanobacteria cultures singly and in combination with commercial flocculants (including Tramfloc 222 and Tramfloc 300). Gum arabic alone had no effect when evaluated at concentrations between 10 mg/L and 5,000 mg/L. However, the combination of gum arabic and Tramfloc 300 yielded higher algal flocculation than Tramfloc 300 alone. The combination of xanthan gum (anionic) and guar gum (cationic) did not perform at the level of the combined xanthan gum and Tramfloc 222 in either flocculation or flotation of algae. Tramfloc 222 and xanthan gum; however, yielded effective flocculation seemingly resistant to changes in interfering factors such as turbulence, pH, and temperature. Furthermore, the combination of xanthan gum and Tramfloc 222 provided the most effective flotation and flocculation independent of pH effects. The results suggest that anionic polysaccharides can be used to increase the efficacy of cationic coagulants such as Tramfloc 222.

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Skone, Timothy J. Froth Flotation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509061.

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Harris, Michael J. Barite flotation; El Cuervo Butte. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-336.

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Cender, Clinton, Catherine Thomas, Benjamin Greeling, Bradley Sartain, Ashley Gonzalez, and Martin Page. Pilot-scale optimization : Research on Algae Flotation Techniques (RAFT). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47722.

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The impacts of harmful algal blooms (HABs) on US national waterways continue to cause significant economic and environmental damage. Re-searchers at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center successfully demonstrated the Research on Algae Flotation Techniques (RAFT) project at pilot scale. This study was designed to show that the sur-face concentrations of algal biomass can be effectively increased with near linear scalability utilizing the natural methods by which some algae entrap air within excreted mucilage for flotation. The surface concentration of cyanobacteria measured as phycocyanin pigment increased by six-fold after RAFT flocculation treatment. Further optimization of chemical delivery systems, mixing, and dissolved air exposure will be required before full scale readiness.

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5

Moon, K. S., and L. L. Sirois. Theory and application of column flotation. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/307283.

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Miller, Jan D. The Flotation Chemistry of Nonsulfide Minerals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1423304.

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Yoon, R. H., G. H. Luttrell, G. T. Adel, and M. J. Mankosa. In-plant testing of microbubble column flotation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5520911.

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Yoon, R. H., G. H. Luttrell, and G. T. Adel. In-plant testing of microbubble column flotation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6584154.

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Yoon, R. H., G. H. Luttrell, and G. T. Adel. In-plant testing of microbubble column flotation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6204538.

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Rolia, E., and K. G. Tan. Thiosalt generation parameters in flotation mill solutions. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/327777.

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