Academic literature on the topic 'Florence (Italy) – Social conditions'
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Journal articles on the topic "Florence (Italy) – Social conditions"
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Faravelli, C., T. Zucchi, B. Viviani, R. Salmoria, A. Perone, A. Paionni, A. Scarpato, et al. "Epidemiology of social phobia: a clinical approach." European Psychiatry 15, no. 1 (2000): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(00)00215-7.
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SummaryThe recent epidemiologic studies report extremely varied rates for social phobia (SP). One of the reasons for this may be the difficulty in diagnosing SP, the boundaries of which are uncertain. A community survey was carried out using doctors with experience in clinical psychiatry as interviewers, and a clinical diagnostic instrument. Two thousand three hundred and fifty-five people (out of the 2,500 randomly selected from the population) living in Sesto Fiorentino, a suburb of Florence, Italy, were interviewed by their own general practitioner, using the MINI plus six additional questions. Six hundred and ten of the 623 subjects that were found positive for any form of psychopathology at the screening interview, and 57 negative subjects, were re-interviewed by residents in psychiatry using the Florence Psychiatric Interview (FPI). The FPI is a validated composite instrument that has the format of a structured clinical research record. It was found that 6.58% of subjects showed social anxiety not attributable to other psychiatric or medical conditions during their life. Social or occupational impairments meeting DSM-IV diagnostic requirements for SP was detected in 76 subjects (lifetime prevalence = 3.27%). Correction for age raises the lifetime expected prevalence to 4%. Sex ratio was approximately (F:M) 2:1. The most common fear was speaking in public (89.4%), followed by entering a room occupied by others (63.1%) and meeting with strangers (47.3%). Eighty-six point nine percent of subjects with SP complained of more than one fear. The mean age of onset (when the subjects first fully met DSM-IV criteria for SP) was 28.8 years, but the first symptoms of SP usually occurred much earlier, with a mean age of onset at 15.5 years. Ninety-two percent of cases with SP also showed at least one other co-morbid psychiatric disorder during their life. Lifetime prevalence of avoidant personality disorder (APD) was 3.6%. Forty-two point nine percent of cases with SP also had APD, whereas 37.9% of cases with APD developed SP.
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Grasso, Valentina, Alfonso Crisci, Marco Morabito, Paolo Nesi, and Gianni Pantaleo. "Public crowdsensing of heat waves by social media data." Advances in Science and Research 14 (July 11, 2017): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-14-217-2017.
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Abstract. Investigating on society-related heat wave hazards is a global issue concerning the people health. In the last two decades, Europe experienced several severe heat wave episodes with catastrophic effects in term of human mortality (2003, 2010 and 2015). Recent climate investigations confirm that this threat will represent a key issue for the resiliency of urban communities in next decades. Several important mitigation actions (Heat-Health Action Plans) against heat hazards have been already implemented in some WHO (World Health Organization) European region member states to encourage preparedness and response to extreme heat events. Nowadays, social media (SM) offer new opportunities to indirectly measure the impact of heat waves on society. Using the crowdsensing concept, a micro-blogging platform like Twitter may be used as a distributed network of mobile sensors that react to external events by exchanging messages (tweets). This work presents a preliminary analysis of tweets related to heat waves that occurred in Italy in summer 2015. Using TwitterVigilance dashboard, developed by the University of Florence, a sample of tweets related to heat conditions was retrieved, stored and analyzed for main features. Significant associations between the daily increase in tweets and extreme temperatures were presented. The daily volume of Twitter users and messages revealed to be a valuable indicator of heat wave impact at the local level, in urban areas. Furthermore, with the help of Generalized Additive Model (GAM), the volume of tweets in certain locations has been used to estimate thresholds of local discomfort conditions. These city-specific thresholds are the result of dissimilar climatic conditions and risk cultures.
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Piselli, Cristina, Carla Balocco, Ilaria Pigliautile, Claudia Fabiani, Roberta J. Cureau, Fabio Sciurpi, Cristina Carletti, Anna Laura Pisello, and Franco Cotana. "Microclimate Assessment at Real Experimental Conditions for Green Energy Urban Policy." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 5 (August 31, 2022): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170501.
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The incoming transformation of urban built-up areas, surroundings morphology, and local climate due to global warming connected to the necessity of renewable energy use maximization is the fundamental to the main aim of the present research. Indeed, urban policies can benefit from the accurate monitoring of microclimate variables in order to ensure fine living standards in cities, while improving the energy performance of the built environment. In this view, a systemic experimental approach was implemented. A monitoring campaign using dynamic experimental measurements under real conditions was carried out at an inter-urban scale taking into account different building-plant systems forms and urban configuration. In detail, two innovative portable monitoring systems were used for monitoring key multi-domain parameters at hyperlocal, urban, and intra-urban scale. The monitoring campaign was carried out in summer and winter in the city center of Florence, Italy. Research findings highlighted that urban microclimate control can be a potential factor for urban heat island (UHI) mitigation and sustainable green energy solutions, which involve social, economic, and energy policy beyond environment. The analysis of real microclimate conditions may support the green energy urban policy development in terms of renewable energy integration and urban areas design and management.
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Sigrist, René, and Sonia Zanier. "La botanique dans un contexte local: les jardins de Florence à l’époque des grands-ducs (1569–1859)." Gesnerus 74, no. 1 (November 6, 2017): 5–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07401001.
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This article describes the social and institutional conditions of the practice of botany in early modern Florence. This practice started with the study of medical plants in hospital and university contexts, with the passion of the Medicis for gardens, and the interest of the Vallombrosian monks for cryptogams. During the XVIIIth century, science of plants focused on classification (morphology), pharmacology (materia medica) and vegetable physiology, but included also the inventory of Tuscan flora and agronomy. These diverging aims created tensions within the nascent community of botanists, crystallizing around the management of gardens and the choice of classification systems. After 1770, a more scientific approach of botany was made possible by the rise of experimental practices and the development of chemistry. Yet, a true professionalization of research did not occur before the political unification of Italy, when the management of institutions and the recruitment of botanists were assumed by a central Ministry of education, instead of being dependent on princely favors and patrician connections.
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SWEET, ROSEMARY. "BRITISH PERCEPTIONS OF FLORENCE IN THE LONG EIGHTEENTH CENTURY." Historical Journal 50, no. 4 (November 8, 2007): 837–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x07006401.
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ABSTRACTStudies of the Grand Tour conventionally focus upon the art and antiquities of Italy rather than the urban environment in which the tourists found themselves, and they generally stop short in the 1790s. This article examines the perceptions and representations of Florence amongst British visitors over the course of the long eighteenth century up to c. 1820 in order to establish continuity between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It considers why it was that British travellers appeared to be particularly attracted to Florence: initially they responded to congenial and pleasant surroundings, the availability of home comforts, and a sparkling social life. In the later eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries Florence acquired new meanings for the British, who began to identify and admire a civilization which had been based upon mercantile wealth and liberty: the foundations for the Victorian celebration of Florence were laid. But the experience of Florence as a city had also changed: it was no longer simply the showcase of the Medici dukes. As a consequence the buildings, monuments, and paintings of the republican period, as well as the history which they embodied, came into focus for the first time.
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Meringolo, Patrizia. "Juvenile Justice System in Italy. Research and interventions." Universitas Psychologica 11, no. 4 (July 12, 2012): 1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy11-4.jjsi.
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This paper talks about the juvenile justice system in Italy. The author describes the interventions done with minors, boys and girls aged from 14 until 18 years, who have committed offenses of the civil or penal code, by the New Code of Criminal Procedure for Minors (1988). The Procedures have had some positive psychological aspects, aimed to avoid detention, thanks to alternative measures and strategies for inclusion, including also the minors living in the South, that are often involved in mafia-crimes. Nonetheless there are more negative psychological issues, because alternative punishments are not often applied to minors that lack social networks, particularly to foreign ones. Three examples of participatory researches will be shown, promoted by the Municipality of Florence, Department of Psychology and Third Sector Associations, aimed to promote psychological and social inclusion of minors (particularly those coming from abroad), with the commitment of active citizenship organizations, with an evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses.
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Fernandez, Gabriela, Carol Maione, Harrison Yang, Karenina Zaballa, Norbert Bonnici, Jarai Carter, Brian H. Spitzberg, Chanwoo Jin, and Ming-Hsiang Tsou. "Social Network Analysis of COVID-19 Sentiments: 10 Metropolitan Cities in Italy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 23, 2022): 7720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137720.
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The pandemic spread rapidly across Italy, putting the region’s health system on the brink of collapse, and generating concern regarding the government’s capacity to respond to the needs of patients considering isolation measures. This study developed a sentiment analysis using millions of Twitter data during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 10 metropolitan cities in Italy’s (1) north: Milan, Venice, Turin, Bologna; (2) central: Florence, Rome; (3) south: Naples, Bari; and (4) islands: Palermo, Cagliari. Questions addressed are as follows: (1) How did tweet-related sentiments change over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) How did sentiments change when lagged with policy shifts and/or specific events? Findings show an assortment of differences and connections across Twitter sentiments (fear, anger, and joy) based on policy measures and geographies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results can be used by policy makers to quantify the satisfactory level of positive/negative acceptance of decision makers and identify important topics related to COVID-19 policy measures, which can be useful for imposing geographically varying lockdowns and protective measures using historical data.
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Bianchi, Simone, and Daniele Galli. "Les Observatoires astronomiques en Italie." Nuncius 30, no. 1 (2015): 195–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03001008.
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In the autumn of 1863 Otto Wilhelm Struve, director of the Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory in Russia, visited most of the observatories in Italy. The report that he wrote on this occasion provides an overview on the conditions of astronomical research in Italy just after the unification of the country. Later Struve sent a French translation of his report to the Italian astronomer Giovan Battista Donati, who used it to promote the construction of the Arcetri Observatory in Florence, which was inaugurated in 1872. We present here a transcription of the French translation of Struve’s report and the transcription of a letter written by him in support of Donati’s project.
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Pietrych, Krystyna. "Włoskie inicjacje Aleksandra Wata." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 38 (October 15, 2020): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2020.38.7.
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The article presents the stages of Aleksander Wat’s first journey to Italy in 1949 – starting from Venice, through Florence and Rome, finishing in Naples and Capri. Most of all, the article interprets the poetic records of the places visited by the poet and his impressions written down in letters. As a result, what the journey to Italy becomes for Wat is not only a discovery of the beauty of landscape and the plenty of art, but, most importantly, an experience of physical contact with the Mediterranean land, an initiation into the fascinating witnessing of the incarnation of cultural tradition into a visible landscape, a sensual initiation into the legacy of the Mediterranean. The coda of the text is his unexpected reminiscence from the first journey to Italy recorded in a social realist drama.
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Pacini, Giovanna, Cinzia Belmonte, and Franco Bagnoli. "Science Cafés, Science Shops and the Lockdown Experience in Florence and Rome." Future Internet 12, no. 7 (July 8, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi12070115.
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The lockdown was crucial to stop the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, but it affected many aspects of social life, among which traditional live science cafés. Moreover, citizens and experts asked for a direct contact, not relying on mass-media communication. In this paper, we describe how the Florence and Rome science cafés, contacted by citizens and experts, either directly or through the Florence science shop, responded to these needs by organizing online versions of traditional face-to-face events, experiencing high levels of participation. The science café methodology was also requested by a high school that needed to conclude an engagement experience with students and their families. We also report the results of a survey about the satisfaction of this new methodology with respect to the old one.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Florence (Italy) – Social conditions"
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Wilson, Helen 1924. "A study of the letters of Alessandra Strozzi : illustrating the significant role which could be played by women in Renaissance Florence." Master's thesis, Department of History, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7260.
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Alburquerque, Kira d'. "Giovanni Battista Foggini et la sculpture à Florence à l'époque des derniers Médicis (1670-1737) : la condition sociale de l'artiste et la pratique du dessin." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4054.
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Cette thèse, qui présente les sculpteurs actifs à Florence à l’époque des deux derniers grands-ducs de la dynastie des Médicis, Cosme III (1670-1723) et Jean-Gaston (1723-1737), est une étude de synthèse permettant de situer les sculpteurs dans un contexte social et historique. Elle considère le métier de sculpteur sous tous ses aspects : la formation, les conditions de vie et de travail, le statut social, l’organisation des ateliers, la répartition du travail entre les différents collaborateurs, le processus de création des sculptures et des décors sculptés, ainsi que le rôle essentiel du dessin dans l’élaboration et l’exécution de ces sculptures. En arrivant au pouvoir, Cosme III voulut donner un nouvel essor à la sculpture florentine et prit de nombreuses initiatives dans cette direction : il transforma l’enseignement, développa la production d’objets de luxe au sein de la Galleria dei Lavori et facilita le travail des sculpteurs de nombreuses manières, offrant à la plupart d’entre eux des pensions, des charges officielles et des ateliers. Les sculpteurs étaient certes nombreux, mais la vie artistique s’articulait en réalité autour de quelques figures majeures. Le plus important était Giovanni Battista Foggini, installé dans le célèbre atelier des sculpteurs de cour situé Borgo Pinti. Il cumula les fonctions de Premier sculpteur et d’architecte de la Galleria dei Lavori, dirigeant ainsi une très vaste équipe d’assistants et de collaborateurs. Notre recherche est fondée sur un ample dépouillement d’archives et sur l’étude de dessins préparatoires. Un volume d’annexe comprend un répertoire des sculpteurs ainsi que la transcription de nombreux documents inéditsThis thesis, presenting sculptors active in Florence at the time of the last two grand dukes of the Medici dynasty, Cosimo III (1670-1723) and Gian Gastone (1723-1737), is a synthetic study which situates these sculptors in their historical and societal contexts. The work takes into account all the aspects of the profession: the training, in Rome and in Florence, the living and working conditions, the social status, the organisation of the workshops, the creative process, the division of work among the specialists, as well as the important role of drawing in designing and executing the works. When Cosimo III came into power, he decided to bring about a revival in Florentine sculpture and rapidly took many initiatives in this direction: he reformed artistic education, developed the production of luxury artefacts within the Galleria dei Lavori and facilitated the work of sculptors in many ways, offering many of them monthly pensions, official functions and locations for workshops. Even though the period saw a significant number of sculptors working in Florence, artistic life actually centred around a limited number of major figures. Giovanni Battista Foggini, the most important, was settled in the famous sculpture workshop located in Borgo Pinti. At the height of his long career, Foggini was First sculptor as well as Architect of the Galleria dei Lavori, hence managing a vast team of collaborators, assistants and craftsmen. The research is based on a thorough analysis of the archives related to the period as well as an extensive study of the preparatory drawings. A volume of appendices contains a repertory of the sculptors and also the transcription of many unpublished documents
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Virgilio, Carlo. "Florence, Byzantium and the Ottomans (1439-1481) : politics and economics." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5738/.
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This dissertation studies the diplomatic and political communication between Florence, the Byzantine and the Ottoman empires in the fifteenth century (1439-1481). The first chapter is introductory to the thesis and reconstructs the contacts between Florence and Byzantium. The second chapter and the third chapter examine the privileges granted by John VIII to Florence; the chapters present the contents and contextualise the privileges within the humanist environment. The fourth chapter studies the Florentine-Byzantine contacts after the Council (1439-1453), focusing on why Florence abandoned Byzantium. The fifth chapter analyses the beginning of Florentine-Ottoman relations and reconstructs the commercial privileges given by the sultan to Florence. The sixth and seventh chapters investigate Florence’s diplomacy during the Ottoman-Venetian war (1463-1479) and Otranto (1480-1481) until Mehmet II’s death. The thesis is accompanied by three appendices including a number of unpublished documents, a prosopography of the Florentines involved in the Levant, and selected Byzantine charters used for the analysis in chapter two. I aim to demonstrate that the relations between the eastern and the western part of the Mediterranean in the fifteenth century were determined by political and economic considerations rather than faith. These considerations guided Florence’s diplomacy to achieve commercial superiority in Constantinople.
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Edelsward, L. M. 1958. "Highland visions : recreating rural Sardinia." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28565.
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The village of Villagrande Strisaili, situated in central highlands of the island of Sardinia, Italy, is the subject of this ethnographic study of economic and cultural change. In Part I, a brief historical overview reveals that the pre-war society was largely subsistence based, with shepherding providing milk and cheese to sell on the market for cash. A strict division of labour and responsibilities by sex required mutual dependency of the male and female heads of a household, and supported local notions of gender equality. Part II examines the economic basis of and the restructuring of occupational opportunities in Villagrande today. Although shepherding and subsistence production continue to be important local activities, they are no longer the dominant forms of economic production and secure positions in government offices and institutions are now the preferred occupations. The profound cultural changes of recent decades is the focus of Part III. The notion of local culture, and of a distinctive local identity, is disappearing as cosmopolitan culture becomes localized through local acceptance. Contemporary villagers now create their sense of identity in terms of a wider reality, as defined by the powerful messages of the cosmopolitan system which are efficiently disseminated to villagers through the state educational system and the ubiquitous mass media. These cultural changes have unexpected consequences on the local culture and its reproduction to future generations.
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Baggioni, Laurent. "La « forteresse de la raison ». Lectures de l’humanisme politique florentin d’après l’Epistolario de Coluccio Salutati (1331-1406)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENSL0677.
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Prenant appui sur une historicisation critique des postulats méthodologiques et idéologiques au fondement des catégories d’humanisme civique et de républicanisme, la thèse entend renoncer à une lecture uniquement théorique de l’œuvre des humanistes florentins et restituer aux textes leur statut d’énoncés historiques. L’enjeu est de redessiner les lignes portantes d’une tradition civile et républicaine propre à la réalité florentine dont les penseurs des guerres d’Italie (Savonarole, Guichardin, Machiavel) seront les dépositaires critiques. Un travail d’interprétation de la correspondance familière de Coluccio Salutati (1331-1406) constitue le socle de la recherche et fait apparaître la dimension juridique de la pensée du chancelier, et ce à double titre : d’une part elle révèle l’omniprésence d’un lexique juridique qui fournit l’essentiel de l’arsenal interprétatif de l’analyse politique, et d’autre part, elle définit un « office d’exhortation » qui constitue la théorie politique de Salutati non pas simplement comme une rhétorique propagandiste mais aussi comme un discours réformateur. L’apport de Leonardo Bruni (1370-1444) est ainsi réévalué dans le sillage de l’humanisme politique de Salutati, et se distingue de ce dernier surtout par la valeur nouvelle accordée à l’histoire dans l’élaboration d’une langue et d’une science de la vie civileStarting from a critical historicization of the methodological and ideological foundations of categories such as civic humanism and republicanism, this thesis investigates the works of the Florentine humanists not only from the point of view of political theory but also in relation to their historical significance. The aim is to redefine the structural lines of a republican tradition characteristic of Florentine history, a tradition which the thinkers of the Italian Wars (Savonarola, Guicciardini, Machiavelli) inherited and criticized. An extensive reading of the private letters by Coluccio Salutati (1331-1406) constitutes the central part of this work and reveals the juridical character of the Chancellor’s thought : on the one hand, the juridical vocabulary is omnipresent in the letters and provides the core of the hermeneutic tools necessary to political analysis ; on the other hand, it helps defining an « office of exhortation » which discloses Salutati’s urge for reform rather than his role of propagandist. New light is then shed on Leonardo Bruni’s contribution to political thought as Bruni is seen following the path of Salutati’s political humanism. Leonardo Bruni (1370-1444), in comparison with his master, stresses the superiority of history, but finds himself equally involved in the formulation of a language and a science of political life
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Lefeuvre, Philippe. "La notabilité rurale dans le contado florentin Valdarno Supérieur et Chianti, aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H015.
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Conçue comme une enquête sur les élites rurales, cette thèse vise à restituer les étapes permettant au notable rural, un idéal-type social, de s'imposer dans un territoire donné. Le contado florentin est un cas paradigmatique. Les mobilités sociales et I'inurbamento des ruraux aisés sont vus comme les facteurs d'affaiblissement de communautés rurales livrées aux appétits citadins. La recherche mobilise le fonds de trois abbayes vallombrosaines, Montescalari, la Vallombreuse (Coltibuono, en se concentrant sur le quart Sud-Est du contado florentin (fonds Diplomatico de l'Archivio di Stato d Flo rence). La reconstitution de trajectoires familiale s'oblige à replacer ces trajectoires dans l' évolution plus large de logiques de la distinction sociale . Les éléments qui fondent la sociabilité rurale se transforment radicalement. Une société organisée à l'échelle locale, et très hiérarchisée dans le cadre seigneurial, fonctionne, jusqu'aux premières décennies du XIIIè siècle, sur l' exploitation de la terre et des hommes et sur la redistribution des bénéfices de la rente foncière entre un grand nombre de familles. Ce sont moins les profits du commerce et de l'artisanat rural qui font évoluer cette situation que l' intégration des patrimoines seigneuriaux aux dynamiques économiques de la ville. Le crédit fonctionne alors au dépens des anciennes solidarités pour devenir un facteur de différenciation sociale. Au même moment, on observe un transformation des cercles à l ' intérieur desquels se conservent et se transmettent les capitaux symboliques et matériels : la famille et ses prolongements; les seigneuries rurales ; les communes rurales et les clientèles de la haute aristocratieThis thesis is an investigation into rural elites. It aims to evidence the process by which rural notables, considered here as a social type, establish their ascendency over a given territory. The Florentine contado is a case in point. Social mobility and the move of the wealthiest inhabitants of the country to the city are shown as primarily responsible for undermining the social cohesion of rural communities, increasingly preyed upon by townsmen. This research is based on three monastic archives, Montescalari, Vallombrosa and Coltibuono, and focuses on the Upper Valdarno valley and the Chianti hills (the archives are held by the Archivio di Stato of Florence, in the Diplomatico). Reconstructing the history and careers of the local notability provides a wider understanding of the way in which social distinction works and evolves over time, transforming rural communities and traditional rural sociability. From the early 12th century up to the first decades of the 13th century, rural communities in the contado were organized on a local and feudal basis, around a significant number of landowning families who exploited the land and the men who worked it, and organized the redistribution of the rent. That pattern changed, not so much because of the rise of city merchants and artisans, but because landlords started to use their lands and feudal power as a means to gain ground in the new urban economy. They neglected older rural solidarities to become providers of credit, which soon worked as an important factor of social differenciation. The social structures (the extended family, fiefdoms, rural towns and the nobility's clientele) which had been the traditional framework for keeping and transmitting capital (both economic and symbolic), were radically transformed in the process
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Fainella, John G. "Destination, housing and quality of life in the migrant experience from Larino (Molise, Italy) to Milano and Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42026.
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Evidence on comparative quality of life and housing of Italians at origin, and emigrants in two destinations was gathered from field research, and from three surveys: one, of residents of the town of origin (n = 153), Larino, in the province of Campobasso, and the other two, of residents of major destinations of Larinesi emigrants--Montreal (n = 118), and Milano (n = 73). The main working hypothesis was tested that the best quality of life is found among emigrants living in Montreal. The research also explicated the historical connection between policies of migration and housing concerns in Canada and in Italy.Quality of life was measured using a battery of structural, objective and subjective indicators that were calibrated for relative comparisons between the two cities of destination by the re-analysis of two large surveys (Milano n = 966; Montreal n = 461), and by the use of of official statistics.
Multivariate analysis results showed that in comparison to the town of origin, Montreal produced the best and most distinguishable socio-demographic context and Milano the best geographic context. The objective indicators based on the ratios of income to need and those based on income relative to each city, are most influential in Montreal. Subjective indicators such as attitudes and lifestyles are more consistently related to levels of education than to place of residence.
High rates of house ownership among the Larinesi in Montreal, and changes in their patterns of use of space which accompany permanent resettlement--especially those regarding the use of an extra kitchen--were found to be explainable in terms of the "housing culture" of the town of origin.
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Vasileiou, Ioannis. "The EU regional policy and its impact on two Mediterranean member states (Italy and Spain)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1763/.
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The aim of EU Regional Policy is to intervene effectively in regions that “lag behind” in economic terms and to finance development programmes through the allocation of Structural Funds which operate in accordance with the principles of subsidiarity, additionality and partnership. This policy should allow regions to converge with EU averages in terms of income and employment. Italy and Spain provide very good examples within the EU as a whole, of significant economic disparities between regions that still appear to be present. We argue and provide substantial evidence of the fact that the persistence of such disparities is mainly due to inefficient administrative and institutional capacity at the regional level. Although some regions have brought themselves towards the average, in Italy and Spain, there is evidence that certain administrative, institutional and implementation problems have tended to appear, hampering the opportunities of regions to converge in the required way. Because of this, regional economic convergence and thereby socio-economic cohesion are still beyond reach. Two decades after the 1988 Reform of the Structural Funds, EU Regional Policy has only partially succeeded in reducing regional economic divergence within Italy and Spain, where regional economic inequalities still exist. Although we demonstrate that some regions have been able to move forward in the requisite way, it is questionable whether all of the support for these regions can actually be eliminated completely in the near future with the challenges that the EU faces, particularly in relation to the latest round of Enlargement.
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Mientjes, Antoon Cornelis. "Pastoralism in Sardinia : ethnoarchaeological research into the material and spatial features of pastoralism in a regional context." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683182.
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Bispham, Edward. "From Asculum to Actium : the municipalization of Italy from the Social War to Augustus /." Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018719044&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBooks on the topic "Florence (Italy) – Social conditions"
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Goldthwaite, Richard A. Banks, palaces, and entrepreneurs in Renaissance Florence. Aldershot, Hampshire, Great Britain: Variorum, 1995.
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Public life in Renaissance Florence. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.
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A, Brucker Gene, ed. The Society of Renaissance Florence: A documentary study. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998.
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Herlihy, David. Tuscans and their families: A study of the Florentine catasto of 1427. New Haven, USA: Yale University Press, 1985.
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The building of Renaissance Florence: An economic and social history. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985.
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Terpstra, Nicholas. Lost girls: Sex and death in Renaissance Florence. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010.
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Lost girls: Sex and death in Renaissance Florence. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010.
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Lansing, Carol. The Florentine magnates: Lineage and faction in a medieval commune. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1991.
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Giovanni and Lusanna: Love and marriage in Renaissance Florence. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.
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Brucker, Gene A. Giovanni and Lusanna: Love and marriage in Renaissance Florence. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Florence (Italy) – Social conditions"
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Maggino, Filomena. "Perception and Evaluation of the Quality of Life in Florence, Italy." In Social Indicators Research Series, 75–125. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4625-4_5.
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Chiaromonte, William. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Italy." In IMISCOE Research Series, 241–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_16.
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Abstract This chapter presents the main characteristics of the Italian social security system, on the one hand, and Italian migration history and key policy developments, on the other hand, in order to analyze the principal eligibility conditions for accessing social benefits (unemployment, health care, pensions, family benefits and guaranteed minimum resources) for national residents, non-national residents and non-resident nationals.
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Morelli, Stefano, Veronica Pazzi, Veronica Tofani, Federico Raspini, Silvia Bianchini, and Nicola Casagli. "Reconstruction of the Slope Instability Conditions Before the 2016 Failure in an Urbanized District of Florence (Italy), a UNESCO World Heritage Site." In Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk, 449–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60196-6_35.
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Corrado, Alessandra, and Letizia Palumbo. "Essential Farmworkers and the Pandemic Crisis: Migrant Labour Conditions, and Legal and Political Responses in Italy and Spain." In Migration and Pandemics, 145–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81210-2_8.
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AbstractThe agri-food system across Europe relies heavily on migrant labour. Border lockdowns during the Covid-19 pandemic immobilised thousands of foreign farmworkers, giving rise to fears of labour shortages and food production losses in EU countries. Farmers’ organisations sought institutional interventions to address this labour demand. Although migrant workers have become a fundamental component of core sectors in recent decades, it is only in the current health emergency that they were recognised as ‘essential’ workers. The chapter analyses the working conditions of migrant farmworkers alongside national debates and institutional interventions in Italy and Spain during the pandemic. It provides a critical comparative analysis of legal and policy interventions to address migrants’ situations of vulnerability. Both countries depend on important contingents of EU and non-EU migrant farmworkers, especially in fruit and vegetable production; moreover, they present common aspects in supply chain dynamics and labour market policies, but also specific differences in labour, migration and social policies. Both adopted measures to face the condition of irregularity of migrant workers in order to respond to labour demand in the agri-food sector and to provide these workers with safe working and living conditions during the pandemic. However, these interventions reveal shortcomings that significantly limit their impact and outcomes, calling into question to what extent migrant workers are really considered as ‘essential’ in a long-term perspective and, therefore, to what extent the current pandemic constitutes an opportunity for a new push to enforce labour and migrant rights.
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Jarty, Julie, and Karina Batthyány. "Recent Evolutions of Gender, State Feminism and Care Models in Latin America and Europe." In Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 361–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48442-2_12.
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AbstractThis chapter presents and characterises the way in which, in the twenty-first century, after years of feminist struggles inside and outside of institutions, gender relations are organised in the different countries of the INCASI project (on the European side, Spain, Italy, Finland, France and the United Kingdom, on the side of the South American Southern Cone, Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay). It pays special attention to the implementation of feminist issues on political agendas, and in particular the assignment of women to unpaid care work—an aspect of the power continuum that we look to relate to other aspects. Gradually and for almost a century all countries in both continents have granted women the status of subjects, citizens and employees. However, the conditions, challenges and timelines of this process differ considerably from one continent to another, so they need to be addressed separately. The neoliberal era did not have the same impact in Europe as it did in South America (nor was it exactly the same between particular European countries or among South American ones).
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Mainini, Andrea Giovanni, Martina Signorini, Jaroslaw Drozdziel, Aleksander Bartoszewski, Sonia Lupica Spagnolo, Teemu Vesanen, Davide Madeddu, et al. "Demonstration in Relevant Environments." In Innovative Tools and Methods Using BIM for an Efficient Renovation in Buildings, 95–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04670-4_7.
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AbstractThree building case studies were chosen with the purpose of demonstrating the BIM4EEB BIM-based toolkit. The selected buildings are both social houses and residential apartments respecting the needs of vulnerable inhabitants. To increase the representativeness of the test case the buildings are located in three different locations with different climatic conditions, specifically Italy, Poland, Finland. For all the case studies analysed, BIM models were created with different levels of detail (LOD), which, thanks to the interaction with the BIMMS, make it possible to create a common environment for the representation and use of the data collected and subsequently shared between the different tools. Among the three demonstration sites, the Italian site is undergoing building envelope renovation interventions such as the realization of the thermal insulation with ETICS technologies and the replacement of external windows. In order to test the different tools, a demonstration procedure has been defined for them, constituted mainly by workshop activities and quantitative and qualitative evaluations. To assess the level of accomplishment with respect to stated objectives and project success a validation methodology based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) was delineated. Precisely, two categories of KPIs have been identified: “mandatory” and “secondary” addressing project objectives and in connection with the literature review and project use cases and tools. To calculate the KPIs standard baselines were estimated, such as are currently in an ongoing process to assess the traditional process that can be compared with the actual value associated with the BIM-based process. The chapter will present the methods and the first intermediate results of a demonstration process that is currently not yet completed and will later see a further application of the tools in dedicated demo sites. Environmental monitoring sensors were installed in selected apartments in Polish and Italian demo site, while were installed in common spaces for the Finnish building. Specific sensors set up have been analysed and chosen to fulfil the different needs related to the specific project outcomes. Inhabitants’ availability, technical condition and flat exposition were criteria followed for the choice of apartments. Sensors allowed to improve the occupancy monitoring and to have a historical record of environmental values such as temperature, humidity and light strictly connected to users’ preferences. The mobile application about renovation activities performed and residents’ indoor home conditions—BIM4Occupants—has been installed by the users and specific workshops with inhabitants were carried out for registration purposes. The BIM Management System is currently collecting sensors’ data stream and data stream between tools such as BIM4Occupants and BIMPlanner. Project monitoring and better communication among users were tested in a different workshop by applying the BIMPlanner tool in the plans and progress site operations. The functionalities of the refurbishment scenario simulation tool—BIMeaser—were tested in qualitative and quantitative design workshops respectively with the construction professionals using the two pilot sites in Italy and in Finland and with the aim of assessing the achieved time savings of using this tool compared to the manual data input process of the scenario simulation.
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Pandolfini, Valeria, Borislava Petkova, and Thomas Verlage. "Youth Aspirations Towards the Future: Agency, Strategy and Life Choices in Different Structural Contexts." In Landscapes of Lifelong Learning Policies across Europe, 63–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96454-2_4.
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AbstractThrough a comparative analysis of three case studies built on the intersection of three young adults’ trajectories and three LLL policies in Germany, Italy and Bulgaria, this chapter aims to explore the interplay between opportunity structures and subjective choices. We focus on the educational and professional dimensions, putting them in relation within the LLL policy young adults accessed with their aspirations, self-representations, the living conditions they face in the local context and the welfare (Esping-Andersen, The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990) and transition (Walther, YOUNG, 14(2), 119–139, 2006) regimes characterizing their countries. Relying on the Capability Approach (Sen, Development as freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999; Nussbaum, Women and human development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), we explore how young people’s capacity to cope with challenges and their ability to actively navigate obstacles are influenced by the wider discursive and institutional opportunity structures in which they unfold their life paths. The analysis reveals how youths make their choices according to their “capacity to aspire” (Appadurai 2004) and the social, cultural and economic factors at play in exercising their navigational capacities; being able (or unable) to define life plans potentially constitutes a “new” factor of inequality. The possibilities of better capturing the complex relationship between structural limits, possibilities and subjective aspirations in shaping individuals’ choices and actions within specific opportunity structures are discussed.
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Selwyn, Jennifer D. "12. “Angels of Peace”: The Social Drama of the Jesuit Mission in Early Modern Southern Italy." In Beyond Florence, 160–76. Stanford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780804779883-020.
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Saraceno, Chiara, David Benassi, and Enrica Morlicchio. "Long-term trends since the early 1990s." In Poverty in Italy, 54–69. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447352211.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 individuates the 1992 monetary crisis (devaluation of the Lira) as a turning point in the Italian economic development, starting the long period of sluggish growth, decreasing value of real wages, increasing both inequality and poverty. The 1990s were also the period when child poverty started to increase, and the conditions of the young to deteriorate, becoming, together with the North-/South divide, structural features of Italian poverty. During the same years, Italy started to become an immigration country, with migrants from developing countries mostly occupying the lowest rungs of the occupational stratification, thus being exposed to high risk of poverty. These characteristics were further heightened by the economic crisis and its long duration, which highlighted the weakness both of the Italian economy and of the Italian system of social protection. The increasing number of working poor, particularly in households with children, well exemplify this weakness.
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Blanchard, Shaun. "The Spirit of Pistoia." In The Synod of Pistoia and Vatican II, 162–211. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190947798.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the reception of the Synod of Pistoia and the failure of Riccian reform. It details Ricci’s and Peter Leopold’s strategies after the Synod, and the rejection of Pistoianism by most of the Tuscan bishops at the Episcopal Assembly in Florence in 1787. The chapter argues that the swift downfall of Pistoianism in Tuscany was the direct result of the imprudence of some of Ricci’s reforms. The reception of Pistoianism throughout Italy and in France, Spain, and the German-speaking world is then explored. Papal rejection in the bull Auctorem fidei, and the considerations of the committee which prepared it, are examined. The final part of the chapter evaluates Riccian reform and the Synod of Pistoia from the perspective of Yves Congar’s four conditions for true reform in the Church, and argues that despite many positive elements, the Pistoian movement fails three of these four conditions.
Conference papers on the topic "Florence (Italy) – Social conditions"
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Salerno, Irene. "Romani people in Southern Italy. Integration,social problems, life conditions." In The International Conference on Research in Social Sciences. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/rssconf.2019.05.278.
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Cubeda, Simone, Tommaso Bacci, Lorenzo Mazzei, Simone Salvadori, Bruno Facchini, Lorenzo Fiorineschi, and Yary Volpe. "Design of a Non-Reactive Warm Rig With Real Lean-Premix Combustor Swirlers and Film-Cooled First Stage Nozzles." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14186.
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Abstract Modern industrial gas turbines typically employ lean-premix combustors, which can limit pollutant emissions thanks to premixed flames, while sustaining high turbine inlet temperatures that increase the single-cycle thermal efficiency. As such, gas-turbine first stage nozzles can be characterized by a highly-swirled and temperature-distorted inlet flow field. However, due to several sources of uncertainty during the design phase, wide safety margins are commonly adopted, having a direct impact on engine performance and efficiency. Therefore, aiming at increasing the knowledge on combustor-turbine interaction and improving standard design practices, a non-reactive test rig composed of real hardware was assembled at the University of Florence, Italy. The rig, accommodating three lean-premix swirlers within a combustion chamber and two first stage film-cooled nozzles of a Baker Hughes heavy-duty gas turbine, is operated in similitude conditions. The rig has been designed to reproduce the real engine periodic flow field on the central vane channel, also allowing for measurements far enough from the lateral walls. The periodicity condition on the central sector was achieved by the proper design of both the angular profile and pitch value of the tailboards with respect to the vanes, which was carried out in a preliminary phase via a Design of Experiments procedure. In addition, circular ducts needed to be installed at the injectors outlet section to preserve the non-reactive swirling flow down to the nozzles’ inlet plane. The combustor-turbine interface section has been experimentally characterized in nominal operating conditions as per the temperature, velocity and pressure fields by means of a five-hole pressure probe provided with a thermocouple, installed on an automatic traverse system. To study the evolution of the combustor outlet flow through the vanes and its interaction with the film-cooling flow, such measurements have been replicated also downstream of the vanes’ trailing edge. This work allowed for designing and providing preliminary data on a combustor simulator capable of equipping and testing real hardware film-cooled nozzles of a heavy-duty gas turbine. Ultimately, the activity sets the basis for an extensive test campaign aimed at characterizing the metal temperature, film effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient at realistic aerothermal conditions. In addition, and by leveraging experimental data, this activity paves the way for a detailed validation of current design practices as well as more advanced numerical methodologies such as Scale-Adaptive Simulations of the integrated combustor-turbine domain.
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Milis, George, Matthew Bates, Maria Saridaki, Gaetana Ariu, Shirley Parsonage, Terry Yarnall, and David Brown. "ADDRESSING EARLY SCHOOL LEAVING AND DISENGAGEMENT FROM EDUCATION THROUGH SERIOUS GAMES' CO-DESIGN." In eLSE 2015. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-15-101.
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The Europe 2020 strategy identifies drop out from i-VET or early school leaving (ESL) as a key challenge to meeting employment targets. The Code RED project (http://www.codered-project.eu) has been developed in response to the high levels of early school leaving, drop-out and exclusion from education that often lead to unemployment, poverty and social deprivation. In taking actions towards achieving its goals, the project has been experimenting with a (serious) games' co-design methodology [1] through a dedicated co-design workshops' series, run within 2014 in the UK, Greece, Italy and Cyprus. The objective of the workshops was to engage young people in an interactive (participatory) process of designing and implementing digital educational games' prototypes, aiming at paving the way towards adopting these paradigms in the education and skills' acquisition process, thus maximising the benefit of participants. During the four organised workshops, around 30 young students and 10 trainers (including researchers and facilitators) walked through the pre-defined co-design process, trying to maintain the facilitation at the level 6 of the Hart's ladder [2]. Participants had the opportunity to work as a team, exchange experiences, share roles and responsibilities in the team, see examples of digital (educational) games/products developed by others so as to establish expectations, learn how to deconstruct the rules of games, create and discuss their own game ideas using low-tech prototyping tools (e.g. LEGO models, pack of playing cards, paper, digital means of taking notes, etc.), and finally implement prototypes of their game ideas, using game authoring software such as "Stencyl" (http://www.stencyl.com) and ARIS (https://arisgames.org/). The experimenting offered the opportunity to researchers to collect some very interesting observations, analyse them across the four involved countries and extract useful knowledge towards expanding already available education and employability curriculums from previous projects (e.g. the GOET project, http://goet-project.eu/). References: [1] Bates, M., Brown, D., Cranton, W. and Lewis, J. (2010). Facilitating a games design project with children: a comparison of approaches. Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Games-Based Learning (ECGBL), October 2010, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp.429-437. [2] Hart, R. (1992). Children's participation: from tokenism to citizenship. Florence: UNICEF International Child Development Centre
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Ivanova, Anna, and Svetlana Popova. "EFFICIENCY OF STATE SUPPORT MEASURES OF POPULATION INCOME DURING THE PERIOD OF CONSTRAINTS: A COUNTRY APPROACH." In Manager of the Year. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/my2021_82-89.
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This article is devoted to the research of the COVID-19 pandemic affected the economy of the Russian Federation and other countries of the world and its consequences on society. Today, the social policy of the Russian Federation and the whole world is experiencing great stress. The crisis, which arose due to the imposed restrictive measures to ensure the isolation regime in order to prevent the spread of COVID-2019 by foreign governments, revealed previously existing gaps in the provisions of social protection. The ways of formation and improvement of state support of incomes of the population during a crisis situation all over the world are considered. In the conditions of the crisis, the load on the social system has increased many times over, due to the increase in the number of poor citizens. Funding has been introduced for various measures, methods and ways to improve livelihoods and prevent the closure of Micro-Enterprises, SMEs of all types, self-employed and workers, in order to prevent unemployment caused by the global situation. The analysis of the gross domestic product and the effectiveness of the implemented additional measures of state support of the population’s income has been carried out. For example, the leading countries of the world were considered, such as: Russia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, USA.
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Rose, Jerry G., Paulo Fonseca Teixeira, and Nathan E. Ridgway. "Utilization of Asphalt/Bituminous Layers and Coatings in Railway Trackbeds: A Compendium of International Applications." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36146.
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During the past thirty years the use of a layer(s) of hot-mix asphalt pavement within railway track structures has steadily increased until it is becoming a common consideration or practice for specific conditions and areas in several countries throughout the world. This practice augments, and for certain designs replace, the traditional granular support materials. It is considered to be a premium trackbed design. The primary documented benefits are to provide additional support to improve load distributing capabilities of the trackbed components, decrease load-induced subgrade pressures, improve and control drainage, insure maintenance of specified track geometric properties for heavy tonnage freight lines and high-speed passenger lines, and decrease subsequent expenditures for trackbed maintenance and component replacement costs. The asphalt layer is normally used in combination with traditional granular layers to achieve various configurations. This paper presents a compendium of International Asphalt Trackbed Applications. The various factors are discussed that are considered in the design phases and subsequent performance-based tests and analyses. Illustrations include typical sectional views of the trackbed/roadbed components and thicknesses and photographs of construction and finished views for various asphalt trackbed applications in several countries. Following are brief accounts for selected significant international activities emphasizing high-speed and intercity passenger rail line applications. In the United States the use of asphalt trackbeds has steadily grown since the early 1980’s. It is primarily used for maintenance (cure-all) applications in existing tracks to improve trackbed performance and for new trackbed construction where the projected superior performance of asphalt trackbeds can be justified economically. Typically the asphalt layer is 15 cm thick and is topped with conventional ballast. This application does not deviate significantly from typical designs, except the asphalt is substituted for a portion of the granular support materials. Several other countries are actively involved with the construction of new segments or complete rail lines using asphalt (frequently termed – bituminous) trackbeds. For instance, Japan has used asphalt trackbeds on certain test sections for their high-speed rail lines since the 1960’s, but since the 1970’s asphalt trackbeds with ballast cover is a standard on newly constructed rail lines. The 5-cm thickness of asphalt primarily serves as a waterproofing layer and facilitates drainage. The Japanese believe that this will assist in reducing subsequent maintenance costs associated with ballast fouling from subgrade pumping. The Japanese have recently instigated a performance-rank design system. Asphalt trackbed designs are either required or are an option for the two premium trackbed performance ranks. Italy represents another country heavily involved with incorporating asphalt trackbeds in their rail lines. In the late 1970’s Italy placed test sections of both asphalt and concrete on their original Rome to Florence high-speed line. From the Italian perspective the asphalt out-performed the other test sections, leading to standards requiring the use of asphalt trackbeds on all newly constructed high-speed passenger rail lines. The typical asphalt layer thickness is 12 cm. Germany has focused on using asphalt for ballastless trackbed designs. The main asphalt track in use in Germany consists of concrete ties or slab track placed on a 26 to 30-cm thick layer of asphalt. Various designs are incorporated into the system. Recently France installed a 3-km test section of asphalt on their Paris to Strasbourg Eastbound High-Speed Line. The French are currently observing the effects of high-speed trains traversing various test sections to determine how beneficial the use of asphalt trackbeds will be for future high-speed passenger lines. The sections are heavily instrumented for analyzing numerous trackbed induced effects on ride quality and other aspects. Other countries, a recent addition includes Spain, are involved to varying degrees with the development of asphalt trackbed technology, particularly for high-speed and intercity passenger rail lines. Pertinent information and documentation of recent findings and results are included in the paper.
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Mircea, Vladu. "CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE USE OF ELEARNING MOODLE PLATFORM DURING THE PANDEMIC." In eLSE 2021. ADL Romania, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-21-056.
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I never thought that a virus could disturb the lives of people everywhere, almost to the point of paralysis. Even after the appearance of the first signs given by this killer virus, at the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020, in China, we did not suspect what harm it can cause to humanity. People began to see the reality when China, the country with the largest population in the world, said it was facing great difficulties with the killer virus. Alarming information then began to appear in Spain, Italy and other countries not only in Europe but also on other continents of the world. Spain has been brought to its knees by the virus, as has Italy, with thousands of people dying every day. The economic and social life of these countries, and not only, had begun to be paralyzed. One by one, schools were closed, the educational process started to be carried out online. For Spaniards, Italians, French, Germans, etc., there were no problems with teleworking, as they had everything they needed to continue high-performance, online education. I was thinking then what we Romanians will do if the virus brings us to our knees, because only with some exceptions we had what we needed for telework, and the hygiene and personal protection materials ,,were sublime, but they were completely missing". I was shocked when it was announced on television that in Romania the first case of infection with Covid-19 was registered. Then the number of those infected increased daily, many Romanians in the diaspora contributing to this performance, who, against the recommendations of the national authorities not to return to Romania during that period, did not take them into account and we were faced with the result: the number of people infected and hospitalized multiplied with each passing day. In those difficult conditions, the online education started to be carried out in Romania as well. As a professor in a military higher education institution, I had to comply with this situation, but the beginning was difficult for me. I would like to talk further about the difficulties I have encountered in conducting online education, as well as how I have managed to overcome them, with the hope that in the future such phenomena will no longer represent an issue for some of the teaching staff.
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Di Nicolantonio, Massimo, and Giuseppe Di Bucchianico e Sefania Camplone. "The Visual Pleasantness in Yacht Design: Natural Lighting, View and Interior Colors." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100615.
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The quality of the environment is closely related to the control and the availability of natural lighting and possible views. In the field of yachting, however, the design solution of the hulls and the environments often makes this relations especially critical the availability of natural light and views inside the boat. Anyway, the demands of representation and sociality required, needs the introduction of new systems of windows, terraces and new layouts, to relate the interior of the boats with the deck, attributing new meanings within the social idea of “going into the sea". This is how the small portholes, with the original function of air environments, aspire to become large openings for dialogue with the sky and sea. However, the unstable horizon of the boat, and the dynamic changing nature of views and natural lighting, generate very difficult conditions about the control of the factors which can help to determine the good size of the domestic interiors and their relationship with the environment. The paper presents the results of a research on the topic of visual pleasantness in yachting, conducted at the Department of Architecture, University "G. D'Annunzio "of Chieti-Pescara (Italy). The research has developed a system of guidelines for the aware-design of the openings to the outside in the nautical living spaces, taking into account the constraints imposed by the marine environment, activities and postures of users, as well as natural lighting and views, according with the knowledge that the control of these factors contribute to the overall quality of the project.
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Carriera, Lucia, Chiara Carla Montà, and Daniela Bianchi. "THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON RESIDENTIAL CARE SERVICES FOR CHILDREN: A CALL FOR FAMILY-BASED APPROACH IN ALTERNATIVE CARE." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end126.
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Children’s rights and needs are at the center of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, where education is viewed as crucial for providing the opportunities for sustainable, peaceful and equitable coexistence in a changing world. Alternative care settings are educational contexts (Tibollo, 2015) that deal with children in vulnerable conditions (UN General Assembly, 2010). For this reason, they can be considered as a sort of “field test” or “magnifying glass” on how the progress in striving to the implementation of the goals is proceeding – no one must be left behind. The 2020 global pandemic provoked an external shock to current socio-economic dimensions of sustainability. Education has been one of the most struck systems – let’s think of the 1,6 billion learners that have been affected by school closures (UNESCO, 2020). With this global framework in mind, the contribution aims at offering a pedagogical reflection on the impact the Covid-19 pandemic is having on children living in residential care centers (RCC). Worldwide, many RCCs, following the ongoing global pandemic, have been closed with the consequent return of children to their families of origin (CRIN, 2020). This process of deinstitutionalization, however, has not been overseen by rigorous monitoring, leading to increased risks of violence for children. This urges authorities to take carefully planned measures with respect to deinstitutionalisation in light of the COVID-19 pandemic (Goldman, et al., 2020). But Covid-19 is not only a health risk for children in RCCs. Because of the complex impact that the pandemic has had on the lives of children, on one side care responses are required, and on the other psycho-social and educational ones are also crucial (SOS Villaggi dei Bambini Onlus Italy; Save The Children, 2020). In Italy, for example, special guidelines have been drawn up to mitigate the spread of the virus within residential structures, that sometimes are overcrowded (Istituto superiore di sanità; SOS Villaggi dei Bambini Onlus Italia, 2020). In addition, tools have been provided to support the mental health of the children and adolescents that are deprived of opportunities for socialization given the closure of schools. In some cases they are isolated within the services themselves to mitigate the risk of the spread, causing a limitation in the possibility of seeing people outside the institution as their parents. Covid-19 underlines the urgency of promoting family-based alternative care for children. In particular, this paper aims to read through a pedagogical lens, the European scenario of residential services for children, to explore the impact of Covid-19 in these services; and to promote a family-based approach in alternative care preventing the risk of institutionalization in children welcomed.
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Rapisarda, Sebastiano, Elena Ghersetti, Damiano Girardi, Nicola Alberto De Carlo, and Laura Dal Corso. "SMART WORKING AND ONLINE PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: WORK-FAMILY BALANCE, WELL-BEING, AND PERFORMANCE." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact062.
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"During lockdown and the severe restrictions aimed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, in Italy great consideration has been given to “smart working” (SW). This term refers to a form of work characterized by the absence of time or space restrictions and an organization by phases, cycles, and objectives. The requirements for SW are: work must be carried out electronically; the tools must be adequate; performance must be measurable and focused on objectives; employees must have a suitable place to get their work done. These requirements ensure that the essential objectives of SW are attained: replacing the logic of performing tasks with that of achieving objectives; allowing everyone to manage work actively and autonomously; stimulating more decisive accountability in work, and better performance. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, action-research interventions have been conducted by private and public organizations. The private sector has endeavored to meet the requirements described above. This has not always been the case in the public sector, where largely widespread and indiscriminate use of SW has been made, not always complying with the protocols. However, even within the “emergency” limits of these experiences, SW has generally been accepted. The main advantages reported by employees are time and money saved on travel and food, in addition to improved family life. However, some problems have also emerged. These include the perception of social isolation; difficulty in disconnecting from technology; inadequacy of the tools; inadequate communication with managers. We also found that the health conditions of some “smart workers” have worsened in terms of anxiety, sleep disorders, and emotional symptoms. The data clearly show the complexity of analyses and interventions in relation to the SW phenomenon. The protection of employees’ health, especially in terms of recovery and work-family balance, appears to be particularly complex. In this context, the authors’ experience shows that online psychology has become more significant because it allows to support employees at any time. The literature highlights the growing use of online psychological support also through smartphone apps that provide effective interventions anywhere. Therefore, if, on the one hand, the requirements, objectives, and good practices of SW are to be pursued to limit the critical issues that have arisen, on the other, organizations should provide psychological support to employees even at a distance and by using appropriate technologies."
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Rogulska, Aleksandra. "TEMPORARY CULTURAL FACILITIES AS AN ELEMENT OF REBUILDING STRATEGIES FOR CITIES AFFECTED BY EARTHQUAKES." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/35.
Full textAbstract:
The Apennine Peninsula is one of the most densely-populated and most seismically active regions of Europe, possessing a wealth of cultural heritage. Historical cities and buildings are a part of this heritage. The earthquake damage prevention programme implemented in Italy does not cover existing buildings, and reconstruction plans for damaged cities, because of the threat's specificity, are always prepared after a disaster. In the case of heritage buildings, particularly those of super-local significance, decisions involving a complete reconstruction of their original form are typically made, erasing all traces of the tragedy. Reconstruction can take years, during which society is left without cultural facilities that are key to good morale. Opportunities provided by the phase between a disaster and restoring the buildings are too often underappreciated, while the time spent making the decision what and how to rebuild should be spent on action. Strategies involving temporary buildings allow to prevent the disappearance of public functions during the period preceding the reconstruction of major cultural facilities. These buildings should be designed as resilient, assuming a capacity to adapt to changing conditions and upholding or rapidly returning to a functional state after a disaster. They can enable the time between the disaster and making the decision about reconstruction to be used to identify and test new relations in the surroundings created through the loss of a section of substance. They provoke a debate about what must be rebuilt and at what cost, they facilitate understanding of the goals of a planned reconstruction. But most importantly, they sustain the genius loci, in order to affect the city's reconstruction process in its social, psychological and economic aspects. By analysing temporary cultural facilities built in Italian cities damaged by earthquakes, the study discusses methods of building temporary public buildings and features an attempt at assessing interventions that precede reconstruction. Based on the experiences of the city of L'Aquila severely damaged in 2009 and drawing conclusions from mistakes made during the implementation of pre-reconstruction strategies in the town, the author developed a proposal of a temporary intervention for the Basilica of St. Benedict of Nursia, which collapsed on the 30th of October 2016 as an effect of the Amatrice-Visso-Norcia seismic sequence. The proposal stresses the preservation of the previous function of the complex at its original site. This is meant to maintain the occupancy of Norcia's centre by the Benedictine monks, whose tradition is strongly linked with the city and makes it a major pilgrimage destination that is important to Christians.