Journal articles on the topic 'Flooding impacts'
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Johal, Sarb, and Zoe Mounsey. "A research-based primer on the potential psychosocial impacts of flooding." Disaster Prevention and Management 25, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-09-2015-0206.
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Purpose – Following recent flooding in New Zealand a brief review of research on psychosocial impacts of flooding was undertaken to identify lessons. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – A pragmatic review of the literature concerning psychosocial or mental health impact following flooding incidents in locations with similarities to New Zealand identified. In total, 12 papers from between 2008 and 2015 were reviewed to identify lessons for New Zealand. Findings – The review findings illustrate how floods can have great impacts on people’s psychosocial needs and mental health. The extended timeframe and disruptive nature of the impacts of flooding are such that the effects of secondary stressors are highly significant as they prolong the welfare, physical and psychosocial needs of those affected. Originality/value – This brief review provides important insights into the psychosocial impacts of flooding by examining research from similar areas to New Zealand.
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Gil, Juliana. "Flooding impacts on African food security." Nature Food 3, no. 11 (November 16, 2022): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-022-00653-1.
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Nurashikin, Mohammed, Edwards Rodger, and Mohd Nordin Rumaizah. "Reducing Flooding Impacts to the Built Environment: A Literature Review." MATEC Web of Conferences 266 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926602001.
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The paper consists of the literature review and discussions that concerns the built environment, flooding, disaster risk management including resiliency and sustainability theory. The objective of this paper is to review any relevant works of literature in reducing the flooding impacts to the built environment in Malaysia, at the same time describing any potential improvements and current measures to handle the aftermath of flooding. Systematic literature review using reference material such as books, scholarly journals, previous studies, articles, and websites is carried out. The author also searched further for the references of the articles that were retrieved and repeated the process until a point where no new relevant articles come to light. The paper is significant in three ways; i) reducing the flood impacts by raising knowledge ii) providing responsibility measures in reducing flood from different perspectives iii) preparing ways to lessen the impacts of future flooding threats. The key findings of the paper are; a) Through knowledge application, the practice of reducing flooding impacts could be enhanced b) Flooding management should be carried out earlier before flooding attack but also remains later the event c) Disaster management plans must get ready to face with any uncertainties.
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Sullivan, Matthew, Tara VanToai, Norman Fausey, James Beuerlein, Robert Parkinson, and Alfred Soboyejo. "Evaluating On‐Farm Flooding Impacts on Soybean." Crop Science 41, no. 1 (January 2001): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.41193x.
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Montz, Burrell E., and Graham A. Tobin. "Flooding: A strategic assessment of environmental impacts." Applied Geographic Studies 2, no. 1 (1998): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6319(199821)2:1<43::aid-ags4>3.0.co;2-t.
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Robin, Charlotte, Charles Beck, Ben Armstrong, Thomas David Waite, G. James Rubin, Thomas David Waite, Charles R. Beck, et al. "Impact of flooding on health-related quality of life in England: results from the National Study of Flooding and Health." European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 5 (March 30, 2020): 942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa049.
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Abstract Background Flooding can have extensive effects on the health and wellbeing of affected communities. The impact of flooding on psychological morbidity has been established; however, the wider impacts of flooding exposure, including on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), have not been described. Methods Using data from the English National Study of Flooding and Health cohort, HRQoL 2 and 3 years post-flooding was assessed with the EuroQol Group EQ-5D-5L tool. Associations between exposure groups (flooding and disruption from flooding) and HRQoL were assessed, using ordinal and linear regression, adjusting for a priori confounders. Results For both 2 and 3 years post-flooding, the median HRQoL scores were lower in the flooded and disrupted groups, compared with unaffected respondents. A higher proportion of flooded and disrupted respondents reported HRQoL problems in most dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L, compared with unaffected respondents. In year 2, independent associations between exposure to flooding and experiencing anxiety/depression [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7.7; 95% CI 4.6–13.5], problems with usual activities (aOR 5.3; 95% CI 2.5–11.9) and pain/discomfort (aOR 2.4; 95% CI 1.5–3.9) were identified. These problems persisted 3 years post-flooding; associations between exposure to flooding and experiencing anxiety/depression (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.5–7.7), problems with usual activities (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.5–6.1) and pain/discomfort (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.5–4.2) were identified. Conclusions Exposure to flooding and disruption from flooding significantly reduces HRQoL. These findings extend our knowledge of the impacts of flooding on health, with implications for multi-agency emergency response and recovery plans.
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Plane, Ellen, Kristina Hill, and Christine May. "A Rapid Assessment Method to Identify Potential Groundwater Flooding Hotspots as Sea Levels Rise in Coastal Cities." Water 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2019): 2228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112228.
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Sea level rise (SLR) will cause shallow unconfined coastal aquifers to rise. Rising groundwater can emerge as surface flooding and impact buried infrastructure, soil behavior, human health, and nearshore ecosystems. Higher groundwater can also reduce infiltration rates for stormwater, adding to surface flooding problems. Levees and seawalls may not prevent these impacts. Pumping may accelerate land subsidence rates, thereby exacerbating flooding problems associated with SLR. Public agencies at all jurisdiction levels will need information regarding where groundwater impacts are likely to occur for development and infrastructure planning, as extreme precipitation events combine with SLR to drive more frequent flooding. We used empirical depth-to-water data and a digital elevation model of the San Francisco Bay Area to construct an interpolated surface of estimated minimum depth-to-water for 489 square kilometers along the San Francisco Bay shoreline. This rapid assessment approach identified key locations where more rigorous data collection and dynamic modeling is needed to identify risks and prevent impacts to health, buildings, and infrastructure, and develop adaptation strategies for SLR.
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Ahern, Mike, Sari Kovats, Franziska Matthies, and Roger Few. "HEALTH IMPACTS OF FLOODING: A GLOBAL SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Epidemiology 15, no. 4 (July 2004): S125—S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200407000-00322.
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Wang, Shuyi, Mohammad Reza Najafi, Alex J. Cannon, and Amir Ali Khan. "Uncertainties in Riverine and Coastal Flood Impacts under Climate Change." Water 13, no. 13 (June 27, 2021): 1774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131774.
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Climate change can affect different drivers of flooding in low-lying coastal areas of the world, challenging the design and planning of communities and infrastructure. The concurrent occurrence of multiple flood drivers such as high river flows and extreme sea levels can aggravate such impacts and result in catastrophic damages. In this study, the individual and compound effects of riverine and coastal flooding are investigated at Stephenville Crossing located in the coastal-estuarine region of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. The impacts of climate change on flood extents and depths and the uncertainties associated with temporal patterns of storms, intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) projections, spatial resolution, and emission scenarios are assessed. A hydrologic model and a 2D hydraulic model are set up and calibrated to simulate the flood inundation for the historical (1976–2005) as well as the near future (2041–2070) and far future (2071–2100) periods under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. Future storm events are generated based on projected IDF curves from convection-permitting Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) climate model simulations, using SCS, Huff, and alternating block design storm methods. The results are compared with simulations based on projected IDF curves derived from statistically downscaled Global Climate Models (GCMs). Both drivers of flooding are projected to intensify in the future, resulting in higher risks of flooding in the study area. Compound riverine and coastal flooding results in more severe inundation, affecting the communities on the coastline and the estuary area. Results show that the uncertainties associated with storm hyetographs are considerable, which indicate the importance of accurate representation of storm patterns. Further, simulations based on projected WRF-IDF curves show higher risks of flooding compared to the ones associated with GCM-IDFs.
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Morrissey, Patrick, Paul Nolan, Ted McCormack, Paul Johnston, Owen Naughton, Saheba Bhatnagar, and Laurence Gill. "Impacts of climate change on groundwater flooding and ecohydrology in lowland karst." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 1923–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1923-2021.
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Abstract. Lowland karst aquifers can generate unique wetland ecosystems which are caused by groundwater fluctuations that result in extensive groundwater–surface water interactions (i.e. flooding). However, the complex hydrogeological attributes of these systems, linked to extremely fast aquifer recharge processes and flow through well-connected conduit networks, often present difficulty in predicting how they will respond to changing climatological conditions. This study investigates the predicted impacts of climate change on a lowland karst catchment by using a semi-distributed pipe network model of the karst aquifer populated with output from the high spatial resolution (4 km) Consortium for Small-scale Modelling Climate Lokalmodell (COSMO-CLM) regional climate model simulations for Ireland. An ensemble of projections for the future Irish climate were generated by downscaling from five different global climate models (GCMs), each based on four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs; RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5) to account for the uncertainty in the estimation of future global emissions of greenhouse gases. The one-dimensional hydraulic/hydrologic karst model incorporates urban drainage software to simulate open channel and pressurised flow within the conduits, with flooding on the land surface represented by storage nodes with the same stage volume properties of the physical turlough basins. The lowland karst limestone catchment is located on the west coast of Ireland and is characterised by a well-developed conduit-dominated karst aquifer which discharges to the sea via intertidal and submarine springs. Annual above ground flooding associated with this complex karst system has led to the development of unique wetland ecosystems in the form of ephemeral lakes known as turloughs; however, extreme flooding of these features causes widespread damage and disruption in the catchment. This analysis has shown that mean, 95th and 99th percentile flood levels are expected to increase by significant proportions for all future emission scenarios. The frequency of events currently considered to be extreme is predicted to increase, indicating that more significant groundwater flooding events seem likely to become far more common. The depth and duration of flooding is of extreme importance, both from an ecological perspective in terms of wetland species distribution and for extreme flooding in terms of the disruption to homes, transport links and agricultural land inundated by flood waters. The seasonality of annual flooding is also predicted to shift later in the flooding season, which could have consequences in terms of ecology and land use in the catchment. The investigation of increasing mean sea levels, however, showed that anticipated rises would have very little impact on groundwater flooding due to the marginal impact on ebb tide outflow volumes. Overall, this study highlights the relative vulnerability of lowland karst systems to future changing climate conditions, mainly due to the extremely fast recharge which can occur in such systems. The study presents a novel and highly effective methodology for studying the impact of climate change in lowland karst systems by coupling karst hydrogeological models with the output from high-resolution climate simulations.
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Yang, Di, Anni Yang, Han Qiu, Yao Zhou, Hannah Herrero, Chiung-Shiuan Fu, Qiang Yu, and Jingyin Tang. "A Citizen-Contributed GIS Approach for Evaluating the Impacts of Land Use on Hurricane-Harvey-Induced Flooding in Houston Area." Land 8, no. 2 (January 28, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8020025.
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Hurricane Harvey (2017) caused widespread flash flooding by extremely heavy rainfall and resulted in tremendous damage, including 82 fatalities and huge economic loss in the Houston, Texas area. To reduce hazards, loss, and to improve urban resilience, it is important to understand the factors that influence the occurrence of flooding events. People rely on natural resources and different land uses to reduce the severity of flood impacts and mitigate the risk. In this study, we focused the impacts of land use on Hurricane-Harvey-induced flooding inside and outside the Houston city center. With the recent trend that more citizen scientists serve in delivering information about natural disaster response, local residents in Houston areas participated in delineating the flooded areas in Hurricane Harvey. The flooding information used here generated a published map with citizen-contributed flooding data. A regional model framework with spatial autocovariates was employed to understand those interactions. Different land use patterns and types affected the potential of flooding events differently inside and outside Houston’s city center. Explicitly, we found agricultural and open space were associated with high risk of flooding outside the city center, industrial lands increased the high risk of flooding in city center, and residential areas reduced the potential of flooding both inside and outside the city center. The results can assist with future land use strategy in Houston and other areas, and mitigate potential flash flooding. This study also highlighted the contribution of citizen science to responses to natural hazards.
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Guo, Su-Ying, Lu Li, Li-Juan Zhang, Yin-Long Li, Shi-Zhu Li, and Jing Xu. "From the One Health Perspective: Schistosomiasis Japonica and Flooding." Pathogens 10, no. 12 (November 25, 2021): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121538.
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Schistosomiasis is a water-borne parasitic disease distributed worldwide, while schistosomiasis japonica localizes in the People’s Republic of China, the Philippines, and a few regions of Indonesia. Although significant achievements have been obtained in these endemic countries, great challenges still exist to reach the elimination of schistosomiasis japonica, as the occurrence of flooding can lead to several adverse consequences on the prevalence of schistosomiasis. This review summarizes the influence of flooding on the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica and interventions responding to the adverse impacts from the One Health perspective in human beings, animals, and the environment. For human and animals, behavioral changes and the damage of water conservancy and sanitary facilities will increase the intensity of water contact. For the environment, the density of Oncomelania snails significantly increases from the third year after flooding, and the snail habitats can be enlarged due to active and passive diffusion. With more water contact of human and other reservoir hosts, and larger snail habitats with higher density of living snails, the transmission risk of schistosomiasis increases under the influence of flooding. With the agenda set for global schistosomiasis elimination, interventions from the One Health perspective are put forward to respond to the impacts of increased flooding. For human beings, conducting health education to increase the consciousness of self-protection, preventive chemotherapy for high-risk populations, supply of safe water, early case finding, timely reporting, and treating cases will protect people from infection and prevent the outbreak of schistosomiasis. For animals, culling susceptible domestic animals, herding livestock in snail-free areas, treating livestock with infection or at high risk of infection, harmless treatment of animal feces to avoid water contamination, and monitoring the infection status of wild animals in flooding areas are important to cut off the transmission chain from the resources. For the environment, early warning of flooding, setting up warning signs and killing cercaria in risk areas during and post flooding, reconstructing damaged water conservancy facilities, developing hygiene and sanitary facilities, conducting snail surveys, using molluscicide, and predicting areas with high risk of schistosomiasis transmission after flooding all contribute to reducing the transmission risk of schistosomiasis. These strategies need the cooperation of the ministry of health, meteorological administration, water resources, agriculture, and forestry to achieve the goal of minimizing the impact of flooding on the transmission of schistosomiasis. In conclusion, flooding is one of the important factors affecting the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica. Multi-sectoral cooperation is needed to effectively prevent and control the adverse impacts of flooding on human beings, animals, and the environment.
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Mallick, Rajib B., Martins Zaumanis, and Robert Frank. "Adaptation to flooding and mitigating impacts of road construction − a framework to identify practical steps to counter climate change." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 10, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2015.44.
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Adaptation and mitigation are the two critical actions that are needed to counter the looming threats of climate change on transportation. For roadways, flooding constitutes one of the most important impacts of climate change, and adaptation to build more resilient roadways must be made. For a proper adaptation, the first step is a way to properly assess the vulnerability of roadways to flooding. Road construction impacts the environment negatively through emissions and energy consumption, and a proper way to determine the practical methods to reduce the impact is also necessary. This paper presents a framework to assess the vulnerability of roadways to flooding and evaluate the impact of different changes in construction on energy consumption and emission. Two system dynamics based models were developed and results of the simulations have been presented. Simulation tools for these two models have also been developed and made available on the public domain. The results of the simulation point out the beneficial effects of providing low permeability and dense and thick surface layers to reduce vulnerability to flooding and that of using drier aggregates, reducing heat losses, reduced mix temperatures and extension of pavement lives on the emission and energy consumption during roadway construction.
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Hamers, Eike M., Holger R. Maier, Aaron C. Zecchin, and Hedwig van Delden. "Effectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions for Mitigating the Impact of Pluvial Flooding in Urban Areas at the Regional Scale." Water 15, no. 4 (February 6, 2023): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15040642.
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Pluvial flooding causes significant damage in urban areas worldwide. The most common approaches to mitigating these impacts at regional scales include structural measures such as dams, levees and floodways. More recently, the use of nature-based solutions (NBS) is receiving increasing attention, as such approaches are more adaptive than structural measures and have a number of potential co-benefits (e.g., improvements in water quality and amenity). As NBSs are generally applied at house or block scales in urban areas, their potential for reducing the impacts of urban flooding at the regional scale are unknown. We introduce an approach that enables the potential of using portfolios of NBSs to reduce the impact of urban flooding to be assessed at the regional scale. This approach enables the most suitable locations for such portfolios of NBSs to be identified, as well as their effectiveness to be modeled at spatial resolutions that are commonly used for regional planning studies. The approach is applied to a case study area to the north of Adelaide, South Australia, with results obtained suggesting that there is significant potential for using strategically placed portfolios of NBSs to reduce the impact of pluvial flooding in urban areas at the regional scale.
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Hino, Miyuki, Samanthe Tiver Belanger, Christopher B. Field, Alexander R. Davies, and Katharine J. Mach. "High-tide flooding disrupts local economic activity." Science Advances 5, no. 2 (February 2019): eaau2736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2736.
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Evaluation of observed sea level rise impacts to date has emphasized sea level extremes, such as those from tropical cyclones. Far less is known about the consequences of more frequent high-tide flooding. Empirical analysis of the disruption caused by high-tide floods, also called nuisance or sunny-day floods, is challenging due to the short duration of these floods and their impacts. Through a novel approach, we estimate the effects of high-tide flooding on local economic activity. High-tide flooding already measurably affects local economic activity in Annapolis, Maryland, reducing visits to the historic downtown by 1.7% (95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.6%). With 3 and 12 inches of additional sea level rise, high-tide floods would reduce visits by 3.6% (3.2 to 4.0%) and 24% (19 to 28%), respectively. A more comprehensive understanding of the impacts of high-tide flooding can help to guide efficient responses from local adaptations to global mitigation of climate change.
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Das, Apurba, and Karl-Erich Lindenschmidt. "Modelling climatic impacts on ice-jam floods: a review of current models, modelling capabilities, challenges, and future prospects." Environmental Reviews 29, no. 3 (September 2021): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0108.
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River ice is an important hydraulic and hydrological component of many rivers in the high northern latitudes of the world. It controls the hydraulic characteristics of streamflow, affects the geomorphology of channels, and can cause flooding due to ice-jam formation during ice-cover freeze-up and breakup periods. In recent decades, climate change has considerably altered ice regimes, affecting the severity of ice-jam flooding. Although many approaches have been developed to model river ice regimes and the severity of ice-jam flooding, appropriate methods that account for the impacts of future climate on ice-jam flooding have not been well established. Therefore, the main goals of this study are to review current knowledge regarding climate change impacts on river ice processes and to assess current modelling capabilities to determine the severity of ice jams under future climatic conditions. Finally, a conceptual river ice-jam modelling approach is presented for incorporating climate change impacts on ice jams.
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Echendu, Adaku Jane. "Flooding, Food Security and the Sustainable Development Goals in Nigeria: An Assemblage and Systems Thinking Approach." Social Sciences 11, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11020059.
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Food is connected to sustainable development goals in numerous ways, as food security is key to achieving sustainable development. The world is currently not on track to achieve the set sustainable development goals (SDGs). In Nigeria, flooding is a recurrent disaster and constitutes a setback to success with the SDGs and sustainable development. Flooding disasters are a threat to food security due to their impact on the food system. This study is an integrative review that explores the link between Nigeria’s flooding, food security, and the SDGs. It adopts an assemblage and systems thinking approach to analyze the impact of flooding on all components of food security. It finds that, despite the impact of flooding on food security, it is not recognized as a threat by policymakers, as evidenced by the lack of mention of disasters in the current Nigeria Agriculture Promotion Policy (APP). Attention is drawn to this oversight in this work by highlighting the interconnections between flooding, food security, and sustainable development. Recommendations on flood mitigation and adaptive practices that can alleviate the negative impact of flooding on food security to enhance the success rate of the SDGs are proffered. This work contributes to the literature by showcasing the impact of flooding on food security and its connection to sustainable development, which is an area that has not received adequate attention in research. The assemblage and system thinking approach adopted brings novelty and allows for a succinct understanding of how flooding impacts all four aspects of food security. This paper serves as the first time the problem has been explored in this manner.
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Hu, Xi, Raghav Pant, Jim W. Hall, Swenja Surminski, and Jiashun Huang. "Multi-Scale Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Flooding: Evidence from Firm to Macro-Level Analysis in the Chinese Manufacturing Sector." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2019): 1933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071933.
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We present an empirical study to systemically estimate flooding impacts, linking across scales from individual firms through to the macro levels in China. To this end, we combine a detailed firm-level econometric analysis of 399,356 firms with a macroeconomic input-output model to estimate flood impacts on China’s manufacturing sector over the period 2003–2010. We find that large flooding events on average reduce firm outputs (measured by labor productivity) by about 28.3% per year. Using an input-output analysis, we estimate the potential macroeconomic impact to be a 12.3% annual loss in total output, which amounts to 15,416 RMB billion. Impacts can propagate from manufacturing firms, which are the focus of our empirical analysis, through to other economic sectors that may not actually be located in floodplains but can still be affected by economic disruptions. Lagged flood effects over the following two years are estimated to be a further 5.4% at the firm level and their associated potential effects are at a 2.3% loss in total output or 2,486 RMB billion at the macro-level. These results indicate that the scale of economic impacts from flooding is much larger than microanalyses of direct damage indicate, thus justifying greater action, at a policy level and by individual firms, to manage flood risk.
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Mohammad Anwar Zainudini and Asadollah Sardarzaei. "Flood causes, consequences, protection, measures and management in Kaserkand, Sarbaz and Dashtyari Districts, Makoran, Iran." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 094–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.10.2.0025.
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Flooding is the most overwhelming natural hazard in this region due to miscellaneous ecosystems and occurs mainly due to the heavy monsoon rains throughout the country, commonly late in the summer season and overflow the rivers and streams over dry land. In the Makoran region floods are a common problem and their continuity makes them more alarming for its economic growth. Flooding is globally a major natural hazard and results in property and life loss and poor economic development. Though it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of floods, their negative impacts could be minimized substantially through proper planning and effective preparation. The susceptibility to floods could be reduced by accurate and timely prediction (Forecasting and Warning) and by impact-reducing measures. Although the impacts of floods vary from one place to another and in the consequences, there are significant losses such as human life lost their shelter, livelihood, damage to the public and private infrastructures such as roads and bridges. The aim of this work is to present a brief analysis of the flooding behavior of the Kajo and Sarbaz basin, flood causes, their dreadful impacts, and the flood administration at the national level. This study also examines the aftermaths of severe floods in the Makoran region by a comprehensive and systematic review of consequence, protection, measures and management with a suitable investigation. Recommendations have been made through detailed analysis of flooding, to minimize the terrible impacts and to avoid floods continuity in coming years. It could be managing with constructing storage dams, diversion canals, dikes and storm surge barriers.
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Langkulsen, Uma, Pannee Cheewinsiriwat, Desire Tarwireyi Rwodzi, Augustine Lambonmung, Wanlee Poompongthai, Chalermpol Chamchan, Suparee Boonmanunt, Kanchana Nakhapakorn, and Cherith Moses. "Coastal Erosion and Flood Coping Mechanisms in Southern Thailand: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 12326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912326.
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Communities in coastal regions are affected by the impacts of extreme climatic events causing flooding and erosion. Reducing the impacts of flood and erosion in these areas by adopting coping strategies that fortify the resilience of individuals and their localities is desirable. This study used summative content analysis to explore the coping mechanisms of coastal communities before, during, and after various dangers relating to flooding and erosion. The findings from the study show that effective surveillance systems, disaster preparedness, risk mapping, early warning systems, availability of databases and functional command systems, as well as reliable funding are essential to efficiently cope with hazards of coastal flooding and erosion. As flooding and erosion have been predicted to be more severe due to climate change in the coming years, the adoption of effective natural and artificial mechanisms with modern technologies could help coastal regions to be more resilient in coping with the dangers associated with flooding and erosion. Pragmatic policies and programs to this end by actors are critical to averting crises induced by flooding and erosion in coastal areas.
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Newman, Galen, Garett T. Sansom, Siyu Yu, Katie R. Kirsch, Dongying Li, Youjung Kim, Jennifer A. Horney, Gunwoo Kim, and Saima Musharrat. "A Framework for Evaluating the Effects of Green Infrastructure in Mitigating Pollutant Transferal and Flood Events in Sunnyside, Houston, TX." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 2, 2022): 4247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074247.
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There is a growing and critical need to develop solutions for communities that are at particular risk of the impacts of the nexus of hazardous substances and natural disasters. In urban areas at high risk for flooding and lacking proper land-use controls, communities are vulnerable to environmental contamination from industrial land uses during flood events. This research uniquely applied a series of landscape pzerformance models to evaluate such associations including (1) the Green Values National Stormwater Calculator, (2) the Value of Green Infrastructure Tool, and (3) the Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment Model. This paper presents a framework for combining landscape performance models, which are often only individually applied, to evaluate green infrastructure impacts on flood mitigation and pollutant transfer during flooding events using the Sunnyside neighborhood in Houston, Texas, USA, as a case site. The results showed that the plan reduced the risk of flooding, decreased stormwater runoff contaminants, and provided a possible direction to protect vulnerable communities.
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Peres, Tanya M., and Aaron Deter-Wolf. "Finding the Positive in the Negative." Advances in Archaeological Practice 6, no. 4 (September 12, 2018): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2018.29.
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ABSTRACTThe impact of natural disasters and climate change on archaeological resources has garnered much recent attention, with impacts of sea level rise and coastal flooding being the two most often cited issues. However, damage caused by flooding of interior areas and waterways has received less consideration. In this article, we present a case study of a collaborative emergency response to a significant weather event and the ensuing impacts on archaeological resources. Our project, located in Middle Tennessee, documented severe erosion and subsequent anthropogenic disturbances to ancient Native American sites following massive flooding of the Cumberland River in 2010. While striving to mitigate this damage via systematic collection of imperiled archaeological samples, we were also able to strengthen partnerships among professional archaeologists working in different arenas (academia, state and federal agencies) and the avocational archaeological community. As these types of weather-related events become more common, published case studies of response efforts will be crucial in archaeological site management, planning, and disaster response.
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YOSHIOKA, Nobutaka, Kiyoshi IDE, Masaru MORITA, and Yukiko HIRABAYASHI. "CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON HEAVY PRECIPITATION AND URBAN FLOODING." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 76, no. 2 (2020): I_55—I_60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.76.2_i_55.
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Koks, E. E., M. Thissen, L. Alfieri, H. De Moel, L. Feyen, B. Jongman, and J. C. J. H. Aerts. "The macroeconomic impacts of future river flooding in Europe." Environmental Research Letters 14, no. 8 (August 12, 2019): 084042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab3306.
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Ascott, M. J., D. J. Lapworth, D. C. Gooddy, R. C. Sage, and I. Karapanos. "Impacts of extreme flooding on riverbank filtration water quality." Science of The Total Environment 554-555 (June 2016): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.169.
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Wolf, Judith. "Coastal flooding: impacts of coupled wave–surge–tide models." Natural Hazards 49, no. 2 (November 18, 2008): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9316-5.
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Kozlowski, Theodore T. "Physiological-ecological impacts of flooding on riparian forest ecosystems." Wetlands 22, no. 3 (September 2002): 550–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2002)022[0550:peiofo]2.0.co;2.
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Peña, Francisco, Fernando Nardi, Assefa Melesse, Jayantha Obeysekera, Fabio Castelli, René M. Price, Todd Crowl, and Noemi Gonzalez-Ramirez. "Compound flood modeling framework for surface–subsurface water interactions." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 3 (March 10, 2022): 775–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-775-2022.
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Abstract. Compound floods are an active area of research in which the complex interaction between pluvial, fluvial, coastal and groundwater flooding are analyzed. A number of studies have simulated the compound flooding impacts of precipitation, river discharge and storm surge variables with different numerical models and linking techniques. However, groundwater flooding is often neglected in flood risk assessments due to its sporadic frequency (as most regions have water tables sufficiently low that do not exacerbate flooding conditions), isolated impacts and considerably lower severity with respect to other types of flooding. This paper presents a physics-based, loosely coupled modeling framework using FLO-2D and MODFLOW-2005 that is capable of simulating surface–subsurface water interactions. FLO-2D, responsible for the surface hydrology and infiltration processes, transfers the infiltration volume as recharge to MODFLOW-2005 until the soil absorption capacity is exceeded, while MODFLOW-2005 returns exchange flow to the surface when the groundwater heads are higher than the surface depth. Three events characterized by short-duration intense precipitation, average tide levels and unusually high water table levels are used to assess the relevance of groundwater flooding in the Arch Creek Basin, a locality in North Miami particularly prone to flooding conditions. Due to limitations in water level observations, the model was calibrated based on properties that have experienced repetitive flooding losses and validated using image-based volunteer geographic information (VGI). Results suggest that groundwater-induced flooding is localized, and high groundwater heads influence pluvial flooding as the shallow water table undermines the soil infiltration capacity. Understanding groundwater flood risk is of particular interest to low-elevation coastal karst environments as the sudden emergence of the water table at ground surface can result in social disruption, adverse effects to essential services and damage to infrastructure. Further research should assess the exacerbated impacts of high tides and sea level rise on water tables under current and future climate projections.
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Reeve, Dominic, Jose M. Horrillo-Caraballo, Andrew Fox, Dave Simmonds, Sum Kwan, Shunqi Pan, and Deborah Greaves. "COASTAL DEFENCE EVALUATION: AN SPRC APPROACH." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 18, 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.37.
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In this paper, we show how the methodology based on the Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence (SPRC) approach can be used to identify the risks of flooding and erosion. The methodology is applied to the Teign Estuary in Devon, UK to define the linkages between physical loads (waves, tides), sea defences, areas liable to flooding and the impacts of flooding.
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Oyedele, Peter, Edinam Kola, Felix Olorunfemi, and Yvonne Walz. "Understanding Flood Vulnerability in Local Communities of Kogi State, Nigeria, Using an Index-Based Approach." Water 14, no. 17 (September 2, 2022): 2746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14172746.
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In West Africa, the impacts of flooding are becoming more severe with climate warming. Flood-prone communities in Kogi State in north-central Nigeria are affected by annual flooding and some extreme flood events. The negative impacts remain a major obstacle to development, environmental sustainability, and human security, exacerbating poverty in the region. Reducing and managing the impacts of flooding are increasingly becoming a challenge for individual households. Analysing vulnerability to flooding (a function of exposure, susceptibility, and lack of resilience) and identifying its causes using an index-based approach to achieve sustainable flood risk management were the focus of this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from 400 households in 20 purposively selected communities. Based on expert opinions and an extensive literature review, 16 sets of relevant indicators were developed. These indicators were normalised and aggregated to compute the flood vulnerability index (FVI) for each community. This was then used to compare, classify, and rank communities in terms of their vulnerability to flooding. The results of the study showed that the selected communities were at varying levels of the risk of flooding. Four of the communities including the Onyedega, Ogba Ojubo, Odogwu, and Ichala Edeke communities were found to have very high vulnerability to flooding compared to others. Several factors such as poor building structures, lack of evacuation and flood management measures, over-dependence of households on agriculture, lack of diversification of economic activities, and weak household economic capacity were identified as causes. These findings are useful for developing flood risk reduction and adaptation strategies, such as ecosystem-based approaches, to reduce current and future vulnerability to flooding in Nigeria and other developing countries with similar conditions.
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Gaitan, S., and J. A. E. ten Veldhuis. "Opportunities for multivariate analysis of open spatial datasets to characterize urban flooding risks." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 370 (June 11, 2015): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-370-9-2015.
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Abstract. Cities worldwide are challenged by increasing urban flood risks. Precise and realistic measures are required to reduce flooding impacts. However, currently implemented sewer and topographic models do not provide realistic predictions of local flooding occurrence during heavy rain events. Assessing other factors such as spatially distributed rainfall, socioeconomic characteristics, and social sensing, may help to explain probability and impacts of urban flooding. Several spatial datasets have been recently made available in the Netherlands, including rainfall-related incident reports made by citizens, spatially distributed rain depths, semidistributed socioeconomic information, and buildings age. Inspecting the potential of this data to explain the occurrence of rainfall related incidents has not been done yet. Multivariate analysis tools for describing communities and environmental patterns have been previously developed and used in the field of study of ecology. The objective of this paper is to outline opportunities for these tools to explore urban flooding risks patterns in the mentioned datasets. To that end, a cluster analysis is performed. Results indicate that incidence of rainfall-related impacts is higher in areas characterized by older infrastructure and higher population density.
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O’Connell, P. E., J. Ewen, G. O’Donnell, and P. Quinn. "Is there a link between agricultural land-use management and flooding?" Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 17, 2007): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-96-2007.
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Abstract. Over the past fifty years, significant changes in UK land use and management practices have occurred, driven by UK and EU agricultural policies. There is substantial evidence that modern land-use management practices have enhanced surface runoff generation at the local scale, frequently creating impacts through "muddy floods". Such local impacts can be avoided or mitigated through the adoption of better land management practices and/or small scale surface runoff control measures. There is little evidence that local scale changes in runoff generation propagate downstream to create impacts at the larger catchment scale. This does not imply that impacts do not exist, but the very few studies in which evidence has been sought have not produced any conclusive findings. Multiscale catchment experimentation, linked to new developments in modelling, is needed which can lead to a better understanding of how small scale changes to runoff generation propagate to larger catchment scales. To facilitate the tracking of changes from the local to the catchment scale, a new modelling approach is demonstrated which allows a downstream flood hydrograph to be mapped back onto its source areas, thus presenting impact information to users in a useful and comprehensible form.
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Ashizawa, Kazuya, Hisako Okada, and Noboru Kuramoto. "Decreasing Processes and Conservation of Floodplain Species." Journal of Disaster Research 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2008): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2008.p0206.
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Japanese rivers flow rapidly, and flooding impacts significantly on floodplains, which consist of multiple habitats containing different species.Aster kantoensisKitam., endemic to a narrow area of midstream cobble floodplains, is decreasing dramatically. Flooding effects on the A.kantoensispopulation are essentially negative in maintaining the population, but effects are partially positive in terms of reproduction. Large-scale flooding, for example, creates the spaces in the edge of cobble that are safe sites for seedling growth. Since A.kantoensisevolved on cobble floodplains, the flood impact in the past was not always negative. The fact that the number of A.kantoensishas dramatically decreased recently makes recovery from floods difficult. A project is now planned to restore cobble floodplains and their endemic species.
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Abidin, H. Z., H. Andreas, I. Gumilar, and I. R. R. Wibowo. "On correlation between urban development, land subsidence and flooding phenomena in Jakarta." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 370 (June 11, 2015): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-370-15-2015.
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Abstract. Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia with a population of about 10.2 million people, inhabiting an area of about 660 square-km. It is located within a deltaic plain and passes by 13 natural and artificial rivers. In the last three decades, urban development of Jakarta has grown very rapidly in the sectors of industry, trade, transportation, real estate and many others, which has caused several negative environmental impacts. In turns Jakarta is then prone toward a few natural hazards mainly land subsidence and flooding. In general, based on geodetic measurement methods (e.g. Leveling, GPS surveys, and InSAR), conducted since 1982 up to 2014, it is obtained that land subsidence in Jakarta exhibits spatial and temporal variations, with the typical rates of about 3 to 10 cm year−1. In general, the impacts of land subsidence in Jakarta can be seen in the forms of cracking of permanent constructions and roads, changes in river canal and drain flow systems, wider expansion of coastal and/or inland flooding areas, and malfunction of drainage system. Several areas along the coast of Jakarta already have experienced tidal flooding during high tide periods. These coastal flooding usually occurs in the areas with relatively large subsidence rates. Subsidence in the areas along the rivers which are flowing throughout Jakarta will also worsen the impacts of riverine flooding. The changes in river canal and drain flow systems and malfunction of drainage system due to land subsidence will also aggravate the flooding. Land subsidence will have direct and indirect affects with the flooding in Jakarta, both in coastal or inland areas.
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Barr, S. L., S. Johnson, X. Ming, M. Peppa, N. Dong, Z. Wen, C. Robson, et al. "FLOOD-PREPARED: A NOWCASTING SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME IMPACT ADAPTION TO SURFACE WATER FLOODING IN CITIES." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VI-4/W2-2020 (September 15, 2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-vi-4-w2-2020-9-2020.
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Abstract. Extreme rainfall events pose an ever increasing threat to cities due to the potential for surface water flooding resulting in damage to properties and major disruption of transport systems. Modern sensor networks offer enormous potential for the real-time monitoring of urban systems and potentially allow improved situational awareness of impeding hazards and their impacts such as flooding. However, monitoring in itself is not enough if we are to be able to adapt in in real-time to hazards. Systems are required that allow analytics and models, that feed of real-time observations, to make predictions of impacts and suggest adaption options ahead of the hazard event. The Flood-PREPARED project is developing a system for real-time adaption to surface water flooding. The system comprises of advanced spatiotemporal models of rainfall, surface water flooding and road traffic impacts. These models are linked and orchestrated within into a Big Data workflow that allows events to be simulated using emerging rainfall data recorded by a short range weather radar. This approach allows nowcasting to be undertaken where predictions of surface water inundation and impacts on the road network can be predicted ahead of the rainfall event reaching the city; thus providing the ability for an improved adaptive response to the actual event.
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Nanni, Paola, David J. Peres, Rosaria E. Musumeci, and Antonino Cancelliere. "Worry about Climate Change and Urban Flooding Risk Preparedness in Southern Italy: A Survey in the Simeto River Valley (Sicily, Italy)." Resources 10, no. 3 (March 14, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10030025.
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Intensive urbanization and related increase of impervious surfaces, causes negative impacts on the hydrological cycle, amplifying the risk of urban floods. These impacts can get even worse due to potential climate change impacts. The urban areas of the Simeto River Valley (SRV), the largest river valley in Sicily (Italy), have been repeatedly hit by intense rainfall events in the last decades that lead to urban flooding, causing several damages and, in some instances, threats to population. In this paper, we present the results of a 10-question survey on climate change and risk perception in 11 municipalities of the SRV carried out within the activities of the LIFE project SimetoRES, which allowed to collect 1143 feedbacks from the residents. The survey investigated: (a) the level of worry about climate change in relation to extreme storms, (b) elements of urban flooding risk preparedness: the direct experience of the residents during heavy rain events, their trust in a civil protection regional alert system, and their knowledge of the correct behavior in case of flood, and (c) the willingness of citizens to implement sustainable drainage actions for climate change adaptation in their own municipality and real estates. The results show that more than 52% of citizens has inadequate knowledge of the correct behavior during flooding events and only 30% of them feel responsible for mitigation of flooding risk. There is a modest willingness by the population to support the construction of sustainable urban drainage infrastructures. A statistical cross-analysis of the answers to the different questions, based on contingency matrices and conditional frequencies, has shown that a greater worry about climate change has no significant impact either on the behavior of people in dangerous situations occurring during flooding events or on the willingness to support financially sustainable solutions. These results suggest that to build a higher worry about climate change and related urban flooding risk is not sufficient to have better preparedness, and that more direct educative actions are necessary in the area.
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Mubialiwo, Ambrose, Adane Abebe, Nafyad Serre Kawo, Job Ekolu, Saralees Nadarajah, and Charles Onyutha. "Hydrodynamic Modelling of Floods and Estimating Socio-economic Impacts of Floods in Ugandan River Malaba Sub-catchment." Earth Systems and Environment 6, no. 1 (January 2022): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41748-021-00283-w.
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AbstractRiver Malaba sub-catchment tends to experience dramatic flooding events, with several socio-economic impacts to the nearby communities, such as loss of lives and destructions of physical infrastructure. Analysis of spatiotemporal extents to which settlements, crops and physical infrastructures tend to be inundated are vital for predictive planning of risk-based adaptation measures. This paper presents a case study on flood risk assessment for Ugandan River Malaba sub-catchment. We applied the two-dimensional Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (2D HEC-RAS) for modelling of flooding extents. We considered extreme flow quantiles, lower and upper quantiles corresponding to the 95% confidence interval limits aimed at determining uncertainties in the flooding extents. Spatial extents of inundation on human settlement, land cover and infrastructure were analysed with respect to return periods of extreme flow quantiles. Finally, we estimated economic loss on infrastructure due to flooding. Results from the 2D HEC-RAS model were satisfactorily comparable with the results of observations. Amongst the land use types, cropland exhibited the highest vulnerability with at least 10,234.8 hectare (ha) susceptible to flooding event of 100-year return period (YRP). Inundated built-up land-use exhibited the highest vulnerability percentage increase (90%) between 2- and 100-YRP. In US Dollar, about US$ 33 million and US$ 39 million losses are estimated at 2- and 100-YRP, respectively, due to inundated rice gardens and these indicate a looming high risk of household food insecurity and poverty. Several infrastructure including 15 academic institutions, 12 health facilities, 32 worshiping places remain annually vulnerable to flooding. At least 6 km and 7 km of road network are also susceptible to flooding under extreme flows of return periods 2 and 100 years, respectively. Churches exhibited the highest economic losses of US$ 855,065 and US$ 1,623,832 at 2-YRP and 100-YRP, respectively. This study findings are relevant for planning the development of sustainable flood risk adaptation pathways given the established destructions within the sub-catchment due to flooding.
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Mejia Manrique, Said A., Eric W. Harmsen, Reza M. Khanbilvardi, and Jorge E. González. "Flood Impacts on Critical Infrastructure in a Coastal Floodplain in Western Puerto Rico during Hurricane María." Hydrology 8, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030104.
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Flooding during extreme weather events damages critical infrastructure, property, and threatens lives. Hurricane María devastated Puerto Rico (PR) on 20 September 2017. Sixty-four deaths were directly attributable to the flooding. This paper describes the development of a hydrologic model using the Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA), capable of simulating flood depth and extent for the Añasco coastal flood plain in Western PR. The purpose of the study was to develop a numerical model to simulate flooding from extreme weather events and to evaluate the impacts on critical infrastructure and communities; Hurricane María is used as a case study. GSSHA was calibrated for Irma, a Category 3 hurricane, which struck the northeastern corner of the island on 7 September 2017, two weeks before Hurricane María. The upper Añasco watershed was calibrated using United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream discharge data. The model was validated using a storm of similar magnitude on 11–13 December 2007. Owing to the damage sustained by PR’s WSR-88D weather radar during Hurricane María, rainfall was estimated in this study using the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model. Flooding in the coastal floodplain during Hurricane María was simulated using three methods: (1) Use of observed discharge hydrograph from the upper watershed as an inflow boundary condition for the coastal floodplain area, along with the WRF rainfall in the coastal flood plain; (2) Use of WRF rainfall to simulate runoff in the upper watershed and coastal flood plain; and (3) Similar to approach (2), except the use of bias-corrected WRF rainfall. Flooding results were compared with forty-two values of flood depth obtained during face-to-face interviews with residents of the affected communities. Impacts on critical infrastructure (water, electric, and public schools) were evaluated, assuming any structure exposed to 20 cm or more of flooding would sustain damage. Calibration equations were also used to improve flood depth estimates. Our model included the influence of storm surge, which we found to have a minimal effect on flood depths within the study area. Water infrastructure was more severely impacted by flooding than electrical infrastructure. From these findings, we conclude that the model developed in this study can be used with sufficient accuracy to identify infrastructure affected by future flooding events.
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Alderman, Katarzyna, Lyle R. Turner, and Shilu Tong. "Assessment of the Health Impacts of the 2011 Summer Floods in Brisbane." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 7, no. 4 (April 26, 2013): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2013.42.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of the 2011 floods in Brisbane, Australia, on residents’ physical and mental health.MethodsResidents who had been affected by the floods completed a community-based survey that examined the direct impact of flooding on households and their perceived physical and mental health. Outcome variables included overall and respiratory health and mental health outcomes related to psychological distress, sleep quality, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between flooding and perceived health outcome variables, adjusted for current health status and sociodemographic factors.ResultsResidents whose households were directly affected by flooding were more likely to report poor overall (Odds Ratio [OR] 5.3; 95% CI, 2.8-10.1) and respiratory (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.6) health, psychological distress (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.5), poor sleep quality (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2-4.4), and probable PTSD (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2-4.5).ConclusionsThe 2011 Brisbane floods had significant impact on the physical and psychosocial health of residents. Improved support strategies may need to be integrated into existing disaster management programs to reduce flood-related health impacts, particularly those related to mental health. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;0:1–7)
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Somos-Valenzuela, M. A., D. C. McKinney, A. C. Byers, D. R. Rounce, C. Portocarrero, and D. Lamsal. "Assessing downstream flood impacts due to a potential GLOF from Imja Lake in Nepal." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 11 (November 25, 2014): 13019–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-13019-2014.
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Abstract. Glacial-dominated areas pose unique challenges to downstream communities in adapting to recent and continuing global climate change, including increased threats of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) that can increase risk due to flooding of downstream communities and cause substantial impacts on regional social, environmental and economic systems. The Imja glacial lake in Nepal, with potential to generate a GLOF, was studied using a two-dimensional debris flow inundation model in order to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed measures to reduce possible flooding impacts to downstream communities by lowering the lake level. The results indicate that only minor flood impact reduction is achieved in the downstream community of Dingboche with modest (~3 m) lake lowering. Lowering the lake by 10 m shows a significant reduction in inundated area. However, lowering the lake by 20 m almost eliminates all flood impact at Dingboche. Further downstream at Phakding, the impact of the GLOF is significant and similar reductions in inundation are likely as a result of lake lowering.
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Atidegla, Séraphin Capo, Hermine Elisée Degbo, Thierry Azonhe, and Euloge Kossi Agbossou. "Impacts Socioéconomiques Et Sanitaires De L’exploitation Agricole De La Plaine Inondable Todé- Gbamè Au Bénin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 18 (June 30, 2017): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n18p185.
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The present study aims to determinate the prevalence of the diseases linked to the agricultural exploitation of Todé-Gbamè plain liable to flooding in Benin and to assess the related work wasting times. To reach the study’s objectives, sanitary, economic and social investigations were conducted with the farmers and health workers of the Commune of Adjohoun. Inquiry was also based on agronomic trial regarding maize yield in the plateau and the plain liable to flooding. The study revealed that soils fertility and farmers income are higher in the plain than that of the plateau. Moreover, the annual prevalence of diseases are globally high in the plain liable to flooding, followed by both plain and plateau and finally by the plateau with the paludism at the top and present at 100% in the three areas. Then, we have respiratory infections, gastroenteritis and dermatosis with a remarkable presence in the plain and both plain and plateau. Finally, the dermatosis was not recorded in the plateau. Consequently, the annual loss working days due to diseases were globally high in the plain liable to flooding, followed by both plain and plateau. With regards to this critical situation, the main identified causes are cropping practices and less advisable farmers’ behaviors in Todé-gbamè’s plain liable to flooding. That is why; it is urging to enhance the technical capacities of the farmers of the study area through a subsequent training
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Castrucci, Luca, and Navid Tahvildari. "Modeling the Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Storm Surge Inundation in Flood-Prone Urban Areas of Hampton Roads, Virginia." Marine Technology Society Journal 52, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.52.2.11.
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AbstractHampton Roads is a populated area in the United States Mid-Atlantic region that is highly affected by sea level rise (SLR). The transportation infrastructure in the region is increasingly disrupted by storm surge and even minor flooding events. The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of SLR impacts on storm surge flooding in the region. We develop a hydrodynamic model to study the vulnerability of several critical flood-prone neighborhoods to storm surge flooding under several SLR projections. The hydrodynamic model is validated for tide prediction, and its performance in storm surge simulation is validated with the water level data from Hurricane Irene (2011). The developed model is then applied to three urban flooding hotspots located in Norfolk, Chesapeake, and the Isle of Wight. The extent, intensity, and duration of storm surge inundation under different SLR scenarios are estimated. Furthermore, the difference between the extent of flooding as predicted by the hydrodynamic model and the “bathtub” approach is highlighted.
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I.N., Law, Oon Y.W., Law P.L., and Kho F.W.L. "Impacts of Barrage Flushing and Flooding-in Operations on Saline Intrusion Upstream." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.83.2011.
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This research looks into the effects of barrage flushing and flooding-in operations on upstream salinity versus discharge over time. Water samples for salinity levels were collected over a period of 33 hours from two locations upstream of Sarawak Barrage, i.e., at 1.5 km and 6 km. During flooding-in operation, salinity levels increased by approximately 13.8 ppt at 1.5 km upstream, and by 0.2 ppt at 6 km upstream after 3 hours into the operation. At 6 km upstream, negligibly low saline levels ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 ppt were detected, regardless of sea tide levels and flow rates through barrage gates. Rate of saline water propagation towards upstream was estimated to be approximately 5 km/hour during flooding-in operation. During flushing operation, it was noticed that waters flowed smoothly from upstream through the barrage gates to downstream without generating noticeable turbulences, whereby salinity levels at 1.5 km upstream dropped from approximately 11.7 to 4.7 ppt over a period of 3 hours. After 3 hours of gates closure, it was observed that salinity levels upstream of the barrage dropped by approximately 1.4 ppt at Pending (1.5 km upstream), and by 0.5 ppt at Satok (6 km upstream). From this study, it was also found that the differences in the rates of increase and decrease in salinity levels at a particular point upstream of the barrage over a period of 3 hours during flooding-in and flushing operations were negligibly small (<1 ppt).
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Mis, Namrata Bhattacharya, Rotimi Joseph, David Proverbs, and Jessica Lamond. "Grass-root preparedness against potential flood risk among residential and commercial property holders." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 6, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-08-2014-0059.
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Purpose – This study aims to investigate the level of preparedness among property owners who had experienced flood damage to their properties in two cities in England following the summer floods of 2007. Flooding can have a variety of impacts on residential properties and businesses that may be unprepared and therefore vulnerable to both direct and indirect effects. Research suggests that the focus in analysis of damage to flood plain population (residential and commercial) tends to be on the direct tangible impacts, limiting their ability to recognize the true costs of flooding, thereby leading to unpreparedness to future flooding. Greater understanding of the level of preparedness against different types of flood impacts is likely to contribute towards increased knowledge of the likely resilience of residential and commercial property occupiers. Design/methodology/approach – Primary data obtained through self-administered postal questionnaire survey of floodplain residential and commercial residents provide the basis for the research analysis and findings. The rationale behind choosing the locations for the research was based on the need to investigate areas where a sizeable number of residential and commercial properties were affected during the 2007 event, in this case, Sheffield and Wakefield in the northern part of England were chosen. The data collected were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Findings – The result of the analysis revealed that non-structural measures have been implemented by more people when compared to other measures, which can be linked to the fact that non-structural measures, in most, cases do not have financial implication to the property owners. The uptake of the other measures (resistance and resilience) is very low. It can be concluded from the findings that the level of implementation of measures to reduce damage from potential future flooding among the flood plain residents is relatively low and mainly focussed towards reducing the direct effects of flooding. Practical implications – The study argues that increased resilience can be sustainable only by developing integrated attitude towards risk reduction not only by enhancing coping strategy by reducing direct impacts of flooding but also equally focussing on indirect effects. Originality/value – There have been previous studies towards investigating the impacts of flooding on residential and commercial property owners as a separate entity. It is believed that this is the first time in which both residential and commercial properties will be investigated together as one body of research.
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SONPAVEERAWONG, Jiraporn, Wanida LIMMUN, and Nidarat CHUWICHIAN. "Prevalence of Psychological Distress and Mental Health Problems among the Survivors in the Flash Floods and Landslide in Southern Thailand." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 16, no. 4 (November 2, 2017): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2019.4017.
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Significant evidence has shown that southern Thailand is prone to the highest risk of repeated flooding. However, psychological distress and mental health problems caused by the flash floods and landslides have been under-researched among Thai survivors. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore characteristics and factors associated with the prevalence of psychological distress, probable post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), probable depression, suicide risk, and alcohol problems 4 to 6 months after the flooding. The research examined 326 survivors from households in flooded communities in Nakhon Si Thammarat province during 2011. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and a binary logistic regression model were applied to the data representing demographics, household damage, perceived mental health impact, social support and mental health problems. The results showed that the prevalence rate of probable PTSD, probable depression, psychological distress, suicide risk, and alcohol problems were 44.48, 31.29, 29.45, 17.18 and 4.60 %, respectively. Risk factors that variously affected those mental health problems were age, gender, prior physical condition, perception of mental health impacts, skin infection, and injury incurred during the flood. On the other hand, a significant protective factor was the degree of social support. Results suggest that rapid actions should be taken immediately after flooding, especially management with the risk survivor group and promotion of social support to minimize the mental health impacts associated with the flooding.
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Fang, Jiayi, Thomas Wahl, Jian Fang, Xun Sun, Feng Kong, and Min Liu. "Compound flood potential from storm surge and heavy precipitation in coastal China: dependence, drivers, and impacts." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): 4403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4403-2021.
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Abstract. The interaction between storm surge and concurrent precipitation is poorly understood in many coastal regions. This paper investigates the potential compound effects from these two flooding drivers along the coast of China for the first time by using the most comprehensive records of storm surge and precipitation. Statistically significant dependence between flooding drivers exists at the majority of locations that are analysed, but the strength of the correlation varies spatially and temporally and depending on how extreme events are defined. In general, we find higher dependence at the south-eastern tide gauges (TGs) (latitude < 30∘ N) compared to the northern TGs. Seasonal variations in the dependence are also evident. Overall there are more sites with significant dependence in the tropical cyclone (TC) season, especially in the summer. Accounting for past sea level rise further increases the dependence between flooding drivers, and future sea level rise will hence likely lead to an increase in the frequency of compound events. We also find notable differences in the meteorological patterns associated with events where both drivers are extreme versus events where only one driver is extreme. Events with both extreme drivers at south-eastern TG sites are caused by low-pressure systems with similar characteristics across locations, including high precipitable water content (PWC) and strong winds that generate high storm surge. Based on historical disaster damages records of Hong Kong, events with both extreme drivers account for the vast majority of damages and casualties, compared to univariate flooding events, where only one flooding driver occurred. Given the large coastal population and low capacity of drainage systems in many Chinese urban coastal areas, these findings highlight the necessity to incorporate compound flooding and its potential changes in a warming climate into risk assessments, urban planning, and the design of coastal infrastructure and flood defences.
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Gaur, Ayushi, Abhishek Gaur, Dai Yamazaki, and Slobodan P. Simonovic. "Flooding Related Consequences of Climate Change on Canadian Cities and Flow Regulation Infrastructure." Water 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010063.
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This study discusses the flooding related consequences of climate change on most populous Canadian cities and flow regulation infrastructure (FRI). The discussion is based on the aggregated results of historical and projected future flooding frequencies and flood timing as generated by Canada-wide hydrodynamic modelling in a previous study. Impact assessment on 100 most populous Canadian cities indicate that future flooding frequencies in some of the most populous cities such as Toronto and Montreal can be expected to increase from 100 (250) years to 15 (22) years by the end of the 21st century making these cities highest at risk to projected changes in flooding frequencies as a consequence of climate change. Overall 40–60% of the analyzed cities are found to be associated with future increases in flooding frequencies and associated increases in flood hazard and flood risk. The flooding related impacts of climate change on 1072 FRIs located across Canada are assessed both in terms of projected changes in future flooding frequencies and changes in flood timings. Results suggest that 40–50% of the FRIs especially those located in southern Ontario, western coastal regions, and northern regions of Canada can be expected to experience future increases in flooding frequencies. FRIs located in many of these regions are also projected to experience future changes in flood timing underlining that operating rules for those FRIs may need to be reassessed to make them resilient to changing climate.
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Shahdani, Fereshteh Jafari, Mónica Santamaria-Ariza, Hélder S. Sousa, Mário Coelho, and José C. Matos. "Assessing Flood Indirect Impacts on Road Transport Networks Applying Mesoscopic Traffic Modelling: The Case Study of Santarém, Portugal." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12063076.
Full textAbstract:
The key aspect for the quantification of indirect impacts of flooding is the assessment of the disruption of the transportation service considering social and economic consequences. To investigate how flooding can affect road transportation, it is essential to analyze interaction during the flood event itself, as well as on the following days. In this work, two static and dynamic traffic models are applied to a study zone for quantification of the performance and functionality of the network during the flood and after the failure of infrastructure components. A mesoscopic simulation was applied to identify the traffic disruption in the face of flood events. This simulation is capable of considering the road network model, assigning trip paths with the impact of road closures and speed reductions, and evaluating travel time and vehicle volume redistribution in a given disruption scenario. By comparing the traffic analysis results (travel time, travelled distance and street speed changes) in normal and flooded situations, the impact of flooding on a transportation network could be examined. Moreover, modelling outputs from a case study in the Santarém region (Portugal) indicated that in analyzing the flood impacts on a traffic network, even non-flooded infrastructures must be taken into account because of their service disruption.
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Hettiarachchi, Suresh, Conrad Wasko, and Ashish Sharma. "Increase in flood risk resulting from climate change in a developed urban watershed – the role of storm temporal patterns." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 3 (March 29, 2018): 2041–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2041-2018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The effects of climate change are causing more frequent extreme rainfall events and an increased risk of flooding in developed areas. Quantifying this increased risk is of critical importance for the protection of life and property as well as for infrastructure planning and design. The updated National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships and temporal patterns are widely used in hydrologic and hydraulic modeling for design and planning in the United States. Current literature shows that rising temperatures as a result of climate change will result in an intensification of rainfall. These impacts are not explicitly included in the NOAA temporal patterns, which can have consequences on the design and planning of adaptation and flood mitigation measures. In addition there is a lack of detailed hydraulic modeling when assessing climate change impacts on flooding. The study presented in this paper uses a comprehensive hydrologic and hydraulic model of a fully developed urban/suburban catchment to explore two primary questions related to climate change impacts on flood risk. (1) How do climate change effects on storm temporal patterns and rainfall volumes impact flooding in a developed complex watershed? (2) Is the storm temporal pattern as critical as the total volume of rainfall when evaluating urban flood risk? We use the NOAA Atlas 14 temporal patterns, along with the expected increase in temperature for the RCP8.5 scenario for 2081–2100, to project temporal patterns and rainfall volumes to reflect future climatic change. The model results show that different rainfall patterns cause variability in flood depths during a storm event. The changes in the projected temporal patterns alone increase the risk of flood magnitude up to 35 %, with the cumulative impacts of temperature rise on temporal patterns and the storm volume increasing flood risk from 10 to 170 %. The results also show that regional storage facilities are sensitive to rainfall patterns that are loaded in the latter part of the storm duration, while extremely intense short-duration storms will cause flooding at all locations. This study shows that changes in temporal patterns will have a significant impact on urban/suburban flooding and need to be carefully considered and adjusted to account for climate change when used for the design and planning of future storm water systems.
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Kiss, Alida. "The Bereg flooding in 2001 – Impacts on the built environment." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 52 (March 20, 2013): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/52/2108.
Full textAbstract:
Today, an increasing number of natural disaster events are witnessed. Our respond to these disasters is increasingly important and more timely problem. Before PhD studies my research aimed at revealing the impacts reconstruction, restoration and damage prevention had on the environmental, social and economic segments of disaster-hit areas. This present paper intends to provide preliminary results of the work already carried out in the Bereg Region, where I specialized on the effects of Tisza flood.This paper focuses on the results and conclusions drawn from the analysis of environmental consequences resultant from the flood based on a study area.