Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flooding impacts

Academic literature on the topic 'Flooding impacts'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flooding impacts"

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Johal, Sarb, and Zoe Mounsey. "A research-based primer on the potential psychosocial impacts of flooding." Disaster Prevention and Management 25, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-09-2015-0206.

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Purpose – Following recent flooding in New Zealand a brief review of research on psychosocial impacts of flooding was undertaken to identify lessons. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – A pragmatic review of the literature concerning psychosocial or mental health impact following flooding incidents in locations with similarities to New Zealand identified. In total, 12 papers from between 2008 and 2015 were reviewed to identify lessons for New Zealand. Findings – The review findings illustrate how floods can have great impacts on people’s psychosocial needs and mental health. The extended timeframe and disruptive nature of the impacts of flooding are such that the effects of secondary stressors are highly significant as they prolong the welfare, physical and psychosocial needs of those affected. Originality/value – This brief review provides important insights into the psychosocial impacts of flooding by examining research from similar areas to New Zealand.
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Gil, Juliana. "Flooding impacts on African food security." Nature Food 3, no. 11 (November 16, 2022): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-022-00653-1.

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Nurashikin, Mohammed, Edwards Rodger, and Mohd Nordin Rumaizah. "Reducing Flooding Impacts to the Built Environment: A Literature Review." MATEC Web of Conferences 266 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926602001.

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The paper consists of the literature review and discussions that concerns the built environment, flooding, disaster risk management including resiliency and sustainability theory. The objective of this paper is to review any relevant works of literature in reducing the flooding impacts to the built environment in Malaysia, at the same time describing any potential improvements and current measures to handle the aftermath of flooding. Systematic literature review using reference material such as books, scholarly journals, previous studies, articles, and websites is carried out. The author also searched further for the references of the articles that were retrieved and repeated the process until a point where no new relevant articles come to light. The paper is significant in three ways; i) reducing the flood impacts by raising knowledge ii) providing responsibility measures in reducing flood from different perspectives iii) preparing ways to lessen the impacts of future flooding threats. The key findings of the paper are; a) Through knowledge application, the practice of reducing flooding impacts could be enhanced b) Flooding management should be carried out earlier before flooding attack but also remains later the event c) Disaster management plans must get ready to face with any uncertainties.
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Sullivan, Matthew, Tara VanToai, Norman Fausey, James Beuerlein, Robert Parkinson, and Alfred Soboyejo. "Evaluating On‐Farm Flooding Impacts on Soybean." Crop Science 41, no. 1 (January 2001): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.41193x.

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Montz, Burrell E., and Graham A. Tobin. "Flooding: A strategic assessment of environmental impacts." Applied Geographic Studies 2, no. 1 (1998): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6319(199821)2:1<43::aid-ags4>3.0.co;2-t.

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Robin, Charlotte, Charles Beck, Ben Armstrong, Thomas David Waite, G. James Rubin, Thomas David Waite, Charles R. Beck, et al. "Impact of flooding on health-related quality of life in England: results from the National Study of Flooding and Health." European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 5 (March 30, 2020): 942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa049.

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Abstract Background Flooding can have extensive effects on the health and wellbeing of affected communities. The impact of flooding on psychological morbidity has been established; however, the wider impacts of flooding exposure, including on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), have not been described. Methods Using data from the English National Study of Flooding and Health cohort, HRQoL 2 and 3 years post-flooding was assessed with the EuroQol Group EQ-5D-5L tool. Associations between exposure groups (flooding and disruption from flooding) and HRQoL were assessed, using ordinal and linear regression, adjusting for a priori confounders. Results For both 2 and 3 years post-flooding, the median HRQoL scores were lower in the flooded and disrupted groups, compared with unaffected respondents. A higher proportion of flooded and disrupted respondents reported HRQoL problems in most dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L, compared with unaffected respondents. In year 2, independent associations between exposure to flooding and experiencing anxiety/depression [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7.7; 95% CI 4.6–13.5], problems with usual activities (aOR 5.3; 95% CI 2.5–11.9) and pain/discomfort (aOR 2.4; 95% CI 1.5–3.9) were identified. These problems persisted 3 years post-flooding; associations between exposure to flooding and experiencing anxiety/depression (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.5–7.7), problems with usual activities (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.5–6.1) and pain/discomfort (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.5–4.2) were identified. Conclusions Exposure to flooding and disruption from flooding significantly reduces HRQoL. These findings extend our knowledge of the impacts of flooding on health, with implications for multi-agency emergency response and recovery plans.
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Plane, Ellen, Kristina Hill, and Christine May. "A Rapid Assessment Method to Identify Potential Groundwater Flooding Hotspots as Sea Levels Rise in Coastal Cities." Water 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2019): 2228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112228.

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Sea level rise (SLR) will cause shallow unconfined coastal aquifers to rise. Rising groundwater can emerge as surface flooding and impact buried infrastructure, soil behavior, human health, and nearshore ecosystems. Higher groundwater can also reduce infiltration rates for stormwater, adding to surface flooding problems. Levees and seawalls may not prevent these impacts. Pumping may accelerate land subsidence rates, thereby exacerbating flooding problems associated with SLR. Public agencies at all jurisdiction levels will need information regarding where groundwater impacts are likely to occur for development and infrastructure planning, as extreme precipitation events combine with SLR to drive more frequent flooding. We used empirical depth-to-water data and a digital elevation model of the San Francisco Bay Area to construct an interpolated surface of estimated minimum depth-to-water for 489 square kilometers along the San Francisco Bay shoreline. This rapid assessment approach identified key locations where more rigorous data collection and dynamic modeling is needed to identify risks and prevent impacts to health, buildings, and infrastructure, and develop adaptation strategies for SLR.
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Ahern, Mike, Sari Kovats, Franziska Matthies, and Roger Few. "HEALTH IMPACTS OF FLOODING: A GLOBAL SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Epidemiology 15, no. 4 (July 2004): S125—S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200407000-00322.

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Wang, Shuyi, Mohammad Reza Najafi, Alex J. Cannon, and Amir Ali Khan. "Uncertainties in Riverine and Coastal Flood Impacts under Climate Change." Water 13, no. 13 (June 27, 2021): 1774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131774.

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Climate change can affect different drivers of flooding in low-lying coastal areas of the world, challenging the design and planning of communities and infrastructure. The concurrent occurrence of multiple flood drivers such as high river flows and extreme sea levels can aggravate such impacts and result in catastrophic damages. In this study, the individual and compound effects of riverine and coastal flooding are investigated at Stephenville Crossing located in the coastal-estuarine region of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. The impacts of climate change on flood extents and depths and the uncertainties associated with temporal patterns of storms, intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) projections, spatial resolution, and emission scenarios are assessed. A hydrologic model and a 2D hydraulic model are set up and calibrated to simulate the flood inundation for the historical (1976–2005) as well as the near future (2041–2070) and far future (2071–2100) periods under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. Future storm events are generated based on projected IDF curves from convection-permitting Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) climate model simulations, using SCS, Huff, and alternating block design storm methods. The results are compared with simulations based on projected IDF curves derived from statistically downscaled Global Climate Models (GCMs). Both drivers of flooding are projected to intensify in the future, resulting in higher risks of flooding in the study area. Compound riverine and coastal flooding results in more severe inundation, affecting the communities on the coastline and the estuary area. Results show that the uncertainties associated with storm hyetographs are considerable, which indicate the importance of accurate representation of storm patterns. Further, simulations based on projected WRF-IDF curves show higher risks of flooding compared to the ones associated with GCM-IDFs.
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Morrissey, Patrick, Paul Nolan, Ted McCormack, Paul Johnston, Owen Naughton, Saheba Bhatnagar, and Laurence Gill. "Impacts of climate change on groundwater flooding and ecohydrology in lowland karst." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 1923–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1923-2021.

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Abstract. Lowland karst aquifers can generate unique wetland ecosystems which are caused by groundwater fluctuations that result in extensive groundwater–surface water interactions (i.e. flooding). However, the complex hydrogeological attributes of these systems, linked to extremely fast aquifer recharge processes and flow through well-connected conduit networks, often present difficulty in predicting how they will respond to changing climatological conditions. This study investigates the predicted impacts of climate change on a lowland karst catchment by using a semi-distributed pipe network model of the karst aquifer populated with output from the high spatial resolution (4 km) Consortium for Small-scale Modelling Climate Lokalmodell (COSMO-CLM) regional climate model simulations for Ireland. An ensemble of projections for the future Irish climate were generated by downscaling from five different global climate models (GCMs), each based on four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs; RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5) to account for the uncertainty in the estimation of future global emissions of greenhouse gases. The one-dimensional hydraulic/hydrologic karst model incorporates urban drainage software to simulate open channel and pressurised flow within the conduits, with flooding on the land surface represented by storage nodes with the same stage volume properties of the physical turlough basins. The lowland karst limestone catchment is located on the west coast of Ireland and is characterised by a well-developed conduit-dominated karst aquifer which discharges to the sea via intertidal and submarine springs. Annual above ground flooding associated with this complex karst system has led to the development of unique wetland ecosystems in the form of ephemeral lakes known as turloughs; however, extreme flooding of these features causes widespread damage and disruption in the catchment. This analysis has shown that mean, 95th and 99th percentile flood levels are expected to increase by significant proportions for all future emission scenarios. The frequency of events currently considered to be extreme is predicted to increase, indicating that more significant groundwater flooding events seem likely to become far more common. The depth and duration of flooding is of extreme importance, both from an ecological perspective in terms of wetland species distribution and for extreme flooding in terms of the disruption to homes, transport links and agricultural land inundated by flood waters. The seasonality of annual flooding is also predicted to shift later in the flooding season, which could have consequences in terms of ecology and land use in the catchment. The investigation of increasing mean sea levels, however, showed that anticipated rises would have very little impact on groundwater flooding due to the marginal impact on ebb tide outflow volumes. Overall, this study highlights the relative vulnerability of lowland karst systems to future changing climate conditions, mainly due to the extremely fast recharge which can occur in such systems. The study presents a novel and highly effective methodology for studying the impact of climate change in lowland karst systems by coupling karst hydrogeological models with the output from high-resolution climate simulations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flooding impacts"

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Booij, Martijn Jan. "Appropriate modelling of climate change impacts on river flooding." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2002. http://doc.utwente.nl/58717.

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Bacon, Adam N. "Investigation on the Impacts of Vessel Flooding on Roll Motion." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/honors_theses/127.

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This thesis develops a method to analyze the roll response of a vessel during a damaged (flooded) scenario. This was done by developing a time-domain method in which the damaged compartment was flooding while the ship is simultaneously subjected to a seaway. The KRISO containership was used as a test hull and was subjected to three flooding conditions. These flooding conditions involved flooding Hold 5, Hold 3, and Hold 1 separately. Newmark’s Beta method for linear acceleration was used to solve the roll motion of equation in which the hydrodynamic coefficients A44, B44, and C44 were predetermined from linear strip theory for various drafts and trim angles. The roll response in the transient flooding state and the steady state, after flooding ceased (fully damaged state), while in wave action was simulated and plotted. The amplitudes from the initial and damaged steady states were recorded at the given wave frequency and wave amplitude, to generate the roll response amplitude operators for the vessel from wave frequency ω = 0.1 rad/s to ω = 2.1 rad/s. Analysis of the RAO curves revealed that the KRISO was not made significantly more unstable by the flooding, for the conditions that were considered, for nearly all wave frequencies except the natural frequency of 0.5 rad/s.
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Keefe, Sandra A. "The perfect storm : changing national policies to reduce flooding impacts and costs." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10627.

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CHDS State/Local
Flooding matters. As the nation's most common natural hazard, flooding costs this nation economically, disrupts communities and commerce, and renders communities and extrapolated-the nation-less than fully postured for other homeland security threats. It will not get better. Demographics leading to more people living in flood-hazard areas and forecasted increases in precipitation are converging to create the perfect storm. This thesis examines two national policies that can influence the impact and costs of flooding: The National Flood Insurance Program and the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Act. Examination and research reveals that the NFIP has failed to achieve its goals of reducing flood losses and political, economic, and societal factors serve to make reforming the NFIP effectively less than likely. A policy options analysis examines how changes to the Stafford Act might influence a reduction in the impact and costs of flooding where the political, economic, and societal factors at play may lend to favorable implementation consideration. The policy options include changing enforcement and incentive provisions of the Stafford Act along with a proposal to begin a national dialogue on mitigation through the creation of a National Mitigation Collaborative Consortium
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Islam, K. M. Nabiul. "The impacts of flooding and methods of assessment in urban areas of Bangladesh." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1997. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/9602/.

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This research is the first of its kind in Bangladesh. It focuses upon flood losses in urban sectors of the country’s economy. The broad research question is whether flood impacts in urban or non-agricultural sectors are important in Bangladesh, given that it is currently an agricultural economy. The research examines the applicability of existing urban flood impact assessment methods, and develops methods suitable to Bangladesh. An important aim is to accumulate a knowledge base of flood impacts in the urban or non-agricultural sectors. With appropriate modifications, flood loss assessment methods generated in developed countries may be applied in a developing country such as Bangladesh. However, the ‘synthetic’ approach of constructing standard potential flood loss data sets is not feasible. Using surveys of actual floods, the construction of reasonably high-quality ‘average’ data sets proves to be feasible, as floods in Bangladesh are not sparse. The construction of data sets through regressions is preferred because it is more realistic and cost-effective. The widely used unit-loss model is found to be applicable to appraisals of urban protection schemes. However, the successful application of the model depends on the accuracy of land use and land level survey data, and detailed hydraulic and hydrological information. In Bangladesh, this form of modelling is found to be suitable for project appraisals ranging from small to intermediate scale. Some methods, however, are suitable for up to full scale appraisals. The major achievement of the research is that flood loss potential for urban Sectors has been thoroughly investigated, providing flood loss data of a significantly higher quality that are available hitherto in Bangladesh. In providing these data the research is a significant advance upon the methods recommended within the existing FPCO Guidelines for project assessment, and those used in recent FAP urban protection studies. The assessments methods developed and the standard damage data sets constructed may now be used to appraise urban protections, which will also facilitate evaluation of agricultural projects more comprehensively through incorporating non-agricultural losses that can be averted in such schemes. The research reveals that the urban sectors of the economy are highly vulnerable to floods. Induced by rapid urbanisation, potential urban flood losses in Bangladesh are expected to be progressively more important in the future. Poverty is found to be fundamental to flood hazard vulnerability: the poorest of the poor have the most to lose in proportional (to value) terms. A high priority can now be given to protect urban and commercial centres in Bangladesh. Given limited resources in Bangladesh, low-cost non-structural measures are also important. Local knowledge and informal flood warning systems have a positive bearing on resilience building. Community cohesion, together with family kinships, are also important in this respect. Different types of floods (e.g. river flood, flash flood and tidal surge) are associated with differential impacts: tidal floods prove the most destructive. Flood impacts at the macro-level are not found to be as severe as those at the micro-level. The findings suggest that floods deepen poverty and help widen the income gap between rich and poor. This problem poses further research questions regarding ‘equity’ and sustainable development. Project appraisal methods using conventional ‘economic efficiency analysis’ need to be re-calibrated in order to confront the problems relating to inequity and sustainable development, especially in the context of existing socio-economic conditions in Bangladesh.
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Safarzynska, Karolina, Roy Brouwer, and Marjan Hofkes. "Evolutionary modelling of the macro-economic impacts of catastrophic flood events." Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.01.016.

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This paper examines the possible contribution of evolutionary economics to macro-economic modelling of flood impacts to provide guidance for future economic risk modelling. Most macro-economic models start from a neoclassical economic perspective and focus on equilibrium outcomes, either in a static or dynamic way, and describe economic processes at a high level of aggregation. As a consequence, they typically fail to account for the complexity of social interactions and other behavioural responses of consumers and producers to disasters, which may affect the macroeconomic impacts of floods. Employing evolutionary principles and methods, such as agent-based modelling, may help to address some of the shortcomings of current macro-economic models. We explore and discuss the implications of applying consumer and producer heterogeneity, bounded rationality, network effects, social and technological learning, co-evolution and adaptive policy-making concepts into existing economic frameworks for the assessment of macro-economic impacts of floods. (authors' abstract)
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Dill, Taylor Elizabeth. "Flood Duration and Nitrogen Management Impacts on Corn Physiology and Morphology." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555078577539725.

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Randle-Boggis, Richard James. "Establishing optimum DNA annotation methods to investigate the impacts of flooding on microbial communities and functions." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15833/.

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Environmental change will have significant impacts on microbial ecosystems. Microorganisms dominate most biogeochemical pathways, and environmental perturbations may alter these functions. Such functions include nutrient cycling, pollution abatement and greenhouse gas emission, and it is paramount that the impact of environmental change on ecosystems is understood. High throughput DNA sequencing provides a window into complex microbial communities and their functional potential, thus allowing us to empirically study how such communities respond to predicted future environments. There are, however, caveats and challenges associated with such technologies, particularly with converting billions of sequencing base calls into species and function counts. This thesis firstly quantifies the performances of sequence annotation tools and parameters using a simulated metagenome. It is found that tools differ in performance, and that parameter selection can significantly reduce annotation accuracy e.g. One Codex correctly annotated many sequences at the genus level, whereas MG-RAST RefSeq produced many false positive annotations. The results provide a guideline to quantitatively inform researchers about the impacts of certain choices on annotation performance, and show that some published studies may be drawing incorrect conclusions. This thesis also investigates the impacts of increased flooding frequency and duration on soil microbial ecosystems, in line with predicted climate change. Increased frequency has significant impacts on biodiversity, community composition and potential function. SkyLine, a novel, continuous gas flux measuring system, was used to record CO2 and CH4 fluxes. Increased flooding duration significantly reduced CH4 oxidation and increased CO2 assimilation, with the combined global warming potential of these gasses reduced.
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Rabb, Benjamin. "Integrated modelling of climate and land use change impacts on groundwater flooding risk in a Chalk catchment." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54140/.

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From 2010 The Flood and Water Management Act has given the Environment Agency and local authorities in the United Kingdom a statutory requirement to manage flooding from groundwater. A robust, long-term groundwater flood risk assessment methodology was developed using the Pang/Lambourn catchment in West Berkshire as a case study. A recharge model based on a soil moisture budget was built in GIS and tested against observations. The timing and mechanism of flow in the vadose zone was also assessed using cross-correlation analysis between rainfall and borehole responses for a better understanding of recharge processes. Regional MODFLOW models were developed for saturated groundwater flow using input from the recharge model. This integrated model was then coupled with a Global Climate Model using a stochastic weather generator to downscale output to the catchment. An ensemble of high and low climate change scenarios suggests there will be between a 5.5% and 27% reduction in recharge over the coming century and mean groundwater levels will lower by up to 3.8%. Land use modification characterised by afforestation and urbanisation resulted in nuanced changes in the spatial distribution of recharge as well as a further mean reduction of 6.8% on top of the climate change impacts. Groundwater flood hazard maps were developed and integrated with a social vulnerability index to identify 1.7 km2 of the Pang/Lambourn at high risk. In the Pang catchment this represents around 1400 properties. Climate and land use change scenarios suggest however that the risk of groundwater flooding in the catchment will decrease considerably (25-98%) over the next century. This reduction in risk is likely to make mitigation through targeted land use modification unnecessary.
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Gillard, Natalie J. "Wildfire in the West: An Initial Analysis of Wildfire Impacts on Hydrology and Riverbed Grain Size in Relation to Salmonid Habitat." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7672.

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Historically wildfires have been beneficial to forests, however, human developments have encroached on forests when wildfire was artificially suppressed by federal and state agencies. The area burned by wildfire each year has increased twenty-fold in the past three decades. Large, high severity fires pose increased threats to human and aquatic communities within and downstream of the burned area due to post-wildfire effects on flooding and sedimentation. We need to understand the impacts of wildfires to be able to mitigate their damages and to recognize their potential benefits. This research addresses the questions: 1) Do wildfires impact rural and urban economies differently and what are managers doing to adapt management strategies? 2) Do floods increase after wildfire, and if so, by how much? 3) Do wildfires affect fish habitat, and if so, how? Chapter 2 provides insight into both positive and negative economic impacts on rural and urban economies after a wildfire, and brings to light manager’s inability to change their management strategies due to constraints such as budget limitations. Chapter 3 measures how floods change in nine basins after a wildfire occurred, and reveals that floods may increase up to 880 percent after a fire. Chapter 4 demonstrates that fish habitat is significantly altered after wildfires and why change is harmful to the fish. This work shows that wildfire significantly changes the burned and surrounding area, and that more work is needed for a better understanding of how to predict how a specific area will respond to wildfire.
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Hu, Xi. "A temporal and spatial analysis of China's infrastructure and economic vulnerability to climate change impacts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:72408c96-c0fc-4dbc-a93b-c29a6c25da0c.

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A warmer climate is expected to increase the risks of natural disasters globally. China is one of the hotspots of climate impacts since its infrastructures and industries are often hard hit. Yet little is known about the nature and the extent to which they are affected. This thesis builds novel system-of-systems risk assessment methodologies and data for China, representing infrastructures (energy, transport, waste, water and digital communications) as interdependent networks that support spatially distributed users of infrastructure services. A unique national-scale geo-spatial network database containing 64,834 existing infrastructure assets is assembled. For the first time, flood and drought exposure maps of China's key infrastructures are created, highlighting the locations of key urban areas to understand how its infrastructures and population could be exposed to climate impacts. To deepen the understanding of how climate change will affect the Chinese infrastructure system and hence its economy, economic impact modelling is applied. The research combines a detailed firm-level econometric analysis of 162,830 companies with a macroeconomic input-output model to estimate flood impacts on China's manufacturing sector over the period 2003 - 2010. It is estimated that flooding on average reduces firm output by 3.18% - 3.87% per year and their propagating effects on the Chinese macroeconomic system to be a 1.38% - 1.68% annual loss in total direct and indirect output, which amounts to 17,323 - 21,082 RMB billion. Several infrastructure sectors - electricity, the heat production and supply industry, gas production and supply, the water production and supply industry - are indirectly affected owing to the effects of supply chain disruptions. Taking the above analysis one step further, this thesis explores how climate disaster risks may change over the period 2016 - 2055, using flooding as a case study. A global river routing (CaMa-Flood) model at a spatial resolution of 0.25° x 0.25° is applied and downscaled for China, using the daily runoff of 11 Atmospheric and Oceanic General Circulation Models (AOGCMs). Combining the flood analysis with the infrastructure database, this research demonstrates the changing locations of exposed infrastructures and their dependent customers. We find that by 2055, the number of infrastructure assets exposed to increasing probability of flooding under RCP 4.5 are 41, 268, 115, 53, 739, 1098, 432 for airports, dams, data centres, ports, power plants, rail stations, reservoirs respectively - almost 8% of all assets for each sector. The lengths of line assets exposed to increasing flood hazards are 14,376 km, 32,740 km, 102,877 km and 25,310 km oil pipelines, rail tracks, roads and transmission lines respectively. Under RCP 8.4, the numbers increase to 51, 301, 137, 71, 812, 1066, 424 for point assets. Linear assets increase to 19,938 km, 39,859 km, 122,155 km and 30,861 km. Further, we demonstrate that indirect exposure of customers reliant on those infrastructure assets outside the floodplain could also be high. The average number of customers affected by increasing flood probabilities are 54 million, 114 million and 131 million for airports, power plants and stations respectively. However, within this aggregate increase there is large spatial variation, which has implications for spatial planning of adaptation to flood risk to infrastructure. This is a first substantial study of flood impacts to infrastructure both in terms of direct exposure and their indirect implications. Lastly, to shed some light on the potential vulnerability of China's infrastructure system to climate impacts, this thesis develops a framework that identifies the drivers of infrastructure development in China using evidence from policy documents and a unique geospatial dataset for the years 1900 - 2010. Understanding these drivers will provide a useful foundation for future research in terms of developing infrastructure models that could project the locations of future infrastructure assets and networks in China, thereby quantifying how China's infrastructure exposure and vulnerability will change over time. Overall this research provides an integrated system-of-systems perspective of understanding network and economic vulnerabilities and risks to Chinese energy, transport, water, waste and digital communication infrastructures due to climate change. This is crucial in informing the long-term planning and adaptation in China.
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Books on the topic "Flooding impacts"

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Brooks, Gregory Robert. Geomorphic effects and impacts of severe flooding: Photographic examples from the Saguenay area, Quebec. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada, 1998.

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Brooks, G. R. Geomorphic effects and impacts of severe flooding: Photographic examples from the Saguenay area, Quebec. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada, 1998.

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Islam, K. M. Nabiul. Potential indirect impacts of flooding on health: Evidence from macro-level data on the incidence of diseases in Bangladesh. Dhaka: Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, 1997.

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Gruzdev, Vladimir, Sergey Suslov, Vladimir Kosinskiy, and Mariya Hrustaleva. Changes in the composition and structure of the components of the landscapes of the forest zone in the conditions of technogenesis. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1850657.

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The monograph is devoted to the analysis of changes in the structure of natural and agricultural landscapes under conditions of anthropogenic, including man-made, impact on landscapes. The author summarizes his own research conducted in the forest zone in the subzones of the middle and southern taiga and broad-leaved coniferous forests. The studies were carried out in forests, meadows and swamps, and also studied the formation of the quality of natural waters and the overgrowth of reservoirs in the forest zone. The composition and structure of zonal plant communities and the dynamic successional stages of secondary, derived communities formed in logging, burning, flooding by reservoirs, man-made pollution, as well as integrated anthropogenic impact are considered. Factors of technogenic transformation of landscapes are analyzed. The analysis of the complex of anthropogenic impacts has been carried out and the main trends of anthropogenic dynamics of soil and vegetation cover have been identified, recommendations for optimization and rationalization of nature management under anthropogenic impact are given. The issues of formation of geotechnical systems, their structure and issues of interaction in the system "man and nature" are considered. It is of interest to ecologists, geographers, biologists. It can be used in the work of state bodies for monitoring the state of the environment and in the educational process — by teachers and students dealing with ecology, nature management, biology, environmental monitoring, territory engineering, as well as by researchers, graduate students and applicants.
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Flooding: Risk Factors, Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies. Nova Science Pub Inc, 2014.

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Flooding and Climate Change: Sectorial Impacts and Adaptation Strategies for the Caribbean Region. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2014.

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Bone, Angie, Alan Wilton, and Alex G. Stewart. Flooding and health: Immediate and long-term implications. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198745471.003.0015.

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Flooding can happen at any time of year and anywhere in the UK, not just in communities living near rivers or the coast. As our climate warms, flooding is expected to occur more frequently, through a combination of sea-level rise and increasing rainfall. As floods are highly dependent on location and context, and the impacts are often complex, sustained, and diverse, a well-coordinated multi-agency plan and response is required. Flooding has extensive and significant impacts on health and wellbeing, including immediate effects (e.g. drowning, injuries, carbon monoxide poisoning) and delayed effects (e.g. mental health issues). The role of Health Protection is to provide scientific and technical advice to responders, public health communications, health surveillance, and to maintain its own business continuity. This chapter sets out the basic facts around flooding and health, illustrating the issues, actions, misconceptions and challenges during the acute response and longer-term clean-up and recovery phases.
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Espinet Alegre, Xavier, Zuzana Stanton-Geddes, Sadig Aliyev, and Veasna Bun. Analyzing Flooding Impacts on Rural Access to Hospitals and other Critical Services in Rural Cambodia using Geo-Spatial Information and Network Analysis. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-9262.

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MacMillen, Richard, and Barbara MacMillen. Meanderings in the Bush. CSIRO Publishing, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097254.

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The Channel Country is of special interest because its extreme aridity is disrupted unpredictably by summer monsoonal rains, causing massive flooding, and is followed by prodigious growth of plants and reproduction of animals, before returning to daunting conditions of drought. Yet, it is a region teeming with life, both plant and animal, possessing unusual capacities for existing there. It is also a region favoured by hardy pastoralists and their livestock, who have learned to coexist with this harsh climate. In Meanderings in the Bush, the authors describe their many adventures and misadventures in the region, with its climate, its animals and its human inhabitants. They also discuss results of their research which reveals some of the secrets for survival of many of the native animals, including marsupials, rodents, birds and the remarkable desert crab. These studies are cast in the light of both the prehistoric and historic records of the Lake Eyre Basin, including the probable impacts of changing and/or stable climates, Aboriginal occupation, later European pastoral development and the influences of introduced exotic mammals.
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Burton, Paul, ed. Responding to Climate Change. CSIRO Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643108622.

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South East Queensland has been one of the fastest growing regions of Australia, both in terms of its rapidly growing population and an ever-expanding built environment. It is also one of the most vulnerable regions likely to suffer from the adverse impacts of climate change, especially increased flooding, storms, coastal erosion and drought. Responding to Climate Change: Lessons from an Australian Hotspot brings together the results of cutting-edge research from members of the Griffith Climate Change Response Program, showing how best to respond to anticipated changes and how to overcome barriers to adaptation. The authors treat climate change adaptation as a cross-cutting, multi-level governance policy challenge extending across human settlements, infrastructure, ecosystems, water management, primary industries, emergency management and human health. The research focuses on, but is not limited to, the experience of climate change adaptation in the recognised climate hotspot of South East Queensland. The results of this research will be of interest to planners, policy makers and other practitioners engaged in urban and environmental planning, coastal management, public health, emergency management, and physical infrastructure at the local, regional and metropolitan government scales.
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Book chapters on the topic "Flooding impacts"

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Prettenthaler, Franz, Dominik Kortschak, Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Reinhard Mechler, Herwig Urban, and Karl W. Steininger. "Catastrophe Management: Riverine Flooding." In Economic Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts, 349–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12457-5_18.

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Wheater, Howard S., Neil Mcintyre, Bethanna M. Jackson, Miles R. Marshall, Caroline Ballard, Nataliya S. Bulygina, Brian Reynolds, and Zoe Frogbrook. "Multiscale Impacts of Land Management on Flooding." In Flood Risk Science and Management, 39–59. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444324846.ch3.

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Anabaraonye, Benjamin, Victor Otti, Charles C. Anukwonke, Beatrice O. Ewa, and Saeid Eslamian. "Impacts of Flooding on Nigeria's Educational Sector." In Flood Handbook, 193–206. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003262640-10.

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Yao, Yuan, Wei Qu, Jingxuan Lu, and Zhiguo Pang. "Impacts of urbanization on flooding in Jialu river basin." In Frontiers of Civil Engineering and Disaster Prevention and Control Volume 2, 425–30. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348436-55.

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Wright, Lynn Donelson, Christopher F. D’Elia, and C. Reid Nichols. "Impacts of Coastal Waters and Flooding on Human Health." In Tomorrow's Coasts: Complex and Impermanent, 151–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75453-6_10.

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To, Thuy Nga, Huy Cong Vu, and Hung Le. "The Impacts of Urbanization on Urban Flooding in Danang City, Vietnam." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1057–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0802-8_169.

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Guo, Yan, Meimei Du, Lizhen Wang, Limin Liu, Mei Bin, Jing Wang, and Zhen Qin. "Impacts of produced polymer on oilfield injecting waters quality during polymer flooding." In Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering Volume 1, 369–72. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003330165-53.

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Owusu, Kwadwo, and Peter Bilson Obour. "Urban Flooding, Adaptation Strategies, and Resilience: Case Study of Accra, Ghana." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2387–403. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_249.

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AbstractDespite massive flood controlling investments, perennial flooding continues to be a major challenge in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Assembly in Ghana. Previous studies have mostly considered the vulnerability of Accra to flooding induced by urbanization and climate change. This chapter examined the impacts of and adaptation strategies to flooding in two flood-prone residential areas in Accra. A survey was conducted among 320 household heads to ascertain local impacts of floods and community adaptation strategies. To obtain a broader picture of government interventions and challenges, key stakeholders such as personnel from ministries, departments, and agencies who are involved in city planning, and private urban planning consultants were interviewed. The study found that a notable driver of floods in Accra is blocked waterways, and flawed and ad hoc engineering works. About three-quarters of the households interviewed have suffered flood-related losses over the past decade such as housing damage, income, and even a death of a relative. Key flood control interventions included dredging prior to start of rains and sporadic demolition of unauthorized buildings on or near waterways to allow free flow of water. However, these interventions only seem to be ephemeral due to the rapid rate of littering and re-siltation of the waterways after few rain events. The study highlights the need for more pragmatic and robust engineering solutions to build resilience of Accra to floods.
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Winsemann, Jutta, and Jörg Lang. "Flooding Northern Germany: Impacts and Magnitudes of Middle Pleistocene Glacial Lake-Outburst Floods." In Geography of the Physical Environment, 29–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23315-0_2.

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Estrada, Francisco. "Climate Catastrophes as a Sum of Known Risks." In Climate of the Middle, 33–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85322-8_4.

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AbstractAn ever-increasing body of research has warned for decades about the impacts of climate change on agriculture, health, flooding, economy, among many others and provided information about when and where these impacts could be larger. Are societies prepared for these expected ‘white-swans’, particularly in the context of a high degree of interconnectedness in Nature and in society? I borrow from the development of the Covid-19 pandemic to illustrate this view. Influenza pandemics have been foreseen decades before, but the characteristics of the virus and the socioeconomic links have made it into the global crisis that it had become in 2020.
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Conference papers on the topic "Flooding impacts"

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Oyediji, Remi, and Susan Tighe. "Impacts Of Flooding On Concrete Pavement." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/5se85bna.

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With shifting paradigms in usual climatic events and increased occurrence of flood hazards, vulnerability assessment and adaptation of road infrastructure is essential. Road pavements are critical in sustaining socio-economic activities and their vulnerability to flood hazards could have serious cost consequences. Therefore, a conscientious decision to consider pavement materials, designs and alternatives that are resilient to recurring flood events is desired. Based on previous investigations into how pavements types, classes and configuration respond to extreme events, concrete pavements are reported as better flood-resilient systems in countries that have experienced intense flooding and inundation. Although Canada has experienced some of the worst flood incidences in history and owns a number of concrete pavement infrastructure, no study has been conducted to better understand its performance under extreme conditions. To provide insight on concrete pavement flood response, the use of the state of the art AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PMED) program is employed to model various flood scenarios on concrete pavement types and configurations common to two Canadian provinces, Ontario and Manitoba. The performance of the various pavement classes in terms of flood resilience, service life and cost feasibility is analyzed and results provide insight on the resilience and adaptive capacity of rigid pavements to flood hazards in Canada.
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Acton, David. "Operational impacts from june 2008 Eastern Iowa Flooding." In Energy Society General Meeting (PES). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2009.5275982.

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Kirkpatrick, Jeniffer, Stephen Nash, Michael Hartnett, and Agnieszka Indiana Olbert. "Impacts of climate changes on coastal urban flooding." In Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress From Snow to Sea. Spain: International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/iahr-39wc2521711920221323.

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Champion, A., K. Hodges, and L. Bengtsson. "Extreme precipitation and climate change: the potential impacts on flooding." In BHS 3rd International Conference. British Hydrological Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7558/bhs.2010.ic06.

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Mulholland, Margaret R., Alfonso Macias-Tapia, and J. Derek Loftis. "Water quality impacts from tidal flooding in Southern Chesapeake Bay." In OCEANS 2022, Hampton Roads. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans47191.2022.9977117.

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Root, Kristi, and Tatiana H. Papakos. "Flooding Impacts and Modeling Challenges of Tropical Storms in Eastern Yemen." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)206.

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Pongpiachan, S., T. Settacharnwit, P. Chalangsut, P. Hirunyatrakul, and I. Kittikoon. "Impacts and preventative measures against flooding and coastal erosion in Thailand." In FRIAR 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/friar120131.

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ATUFU, CYNTHIA E., and CHRISTOPHER P. HOLT. "EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF FLOODING ON THE RESIDENTS OF LAGOS, NIGERIA." In FRIAR 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/friar180081.

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Liu, Ya, Rebecca Vilain, and Dong Shen. "How Does EOR Polymer Impact Scale Control During ASP Flooding?" In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204350-ms.

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Abstract Polymer based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology has drawn more and more attention in the oil and gas industry. The impacts of EOR polymer on scale formation and control are not well known yet. This research investigated the impacts of EOR polymer on calcite scale formation with and without the presence of scale inhibitors. Seven different types of scale inhibitors were tested, including four different phosphonate inhibitors and three different polymeric inhibitors. Test brines included severe and moderate calcite scaling brines. The severe calcite brine is to simulate alkaline surfactant polymer (ASP) flooding conditions with high pH and high carbonate concentration. The test method used was the 24 hours static bottle test. Visual observation and the residual calcium (Ca2+) concentration determination were conducted after bottle test finished. It was found that EOR polymer can serve as a scale inhibitor in moderate calcite scaling brines, although the required dosage was significantly higher than common scale inhibitors. Strong synergistic effects were observed between EOR polymer and phosphonate scale inhibitors on calcite control, which can significantly reduce scale inhibitor dosage and provides a solution for calcite control in ASP flooding. The impact of EOR polymer on polymeric scale inhibitors varied depending on polymer types. Antagonism was observed between EOR polymer and sulfonated copolymer inhibitor, while there was weak synergism between EOR polymer and acrylic copolymer inhibitors. Therefore, when selecting scale inhibitors for polymer flooding wells in the future, the impact of EOR polymer on scale inhibitor performance should be considered.
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Kaufman, Charlie, Norman Levine, and Norman Levine. "IMPACTS, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY – SOUTH CAROLINA VS THE FLOODING RAINFALL OF OCTOBER 2015." In 65th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016se-273912.

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Reports on the topic "Flooding impacts"

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Lucas, Brian. Urban Flood Risks, Impacts, and Management in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.018.

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This summary reviews evidence on the urban flooding impact, risk factors, and management and mitigation measures in Lagos and other cities in Nigeria. Flooding is a common problem every year in many cities across Nigeria, but the impacts of flooding are poorly documented. There is no consistent set of statistics at a national or sub-national level that can be used to compare the impacts of flooding across cities, and reports that focus on particular flood events are often incomplete. The literature notes the principal factors contributing to flood risk including uncontrolled urban growth, inadequate and poorly-maintained drainage systems, solid waste management practices, weakness in institutional capacity and coordination, and warning systems and public awareness. The evidence base for flood impacts, risks, and mitigation efforts at the city level in Nigeria is limited, and much of the information available is low quality, inconsistent, or outdated. Many rely on surveys of city residents rather than objective empirical data, and some of these surveys appear to be poorly designed. A significant number of the academic publications available have been published in non-mainstream journals without the usual level of academic peer review. Recent information is scarce, and a significant amount of the available evidence dates from 2011 and 2012, which coincides with an episode of nationwide flooding that was among the worst in Nigeria’s history.
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Bedford, Philip, Alexis Long, Thomas Long, Erin Milliken, Lauren Thomas, and Alexis Yelvington. Legal Mechanisms for Mitigating Flood Impacts in Texas Coastal Communities. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.mitigatingfloodimpactstx.

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Flooding is a major source of concern for Texas’ coastal communities. It affects the quality of infrastructure, the lives of citizens, and the ecological systems upon which coastal communities in Texas rely. To plan for and mitigate the impacts of flooding, Texas coastal communities may implement land use tools such as zoning, drainage utility systems, eminent domain, exactions, and easements. Additionally, these communities can benefit from understanding how flooding affects water quality and the tools available to restore water bodies to healthy water quality levels. Finally, implementing additional programs for education and ecotourism will help citizens develop knowledge of the impacts of flooding and ways to plan and mitigate for coastal flooding. Land use tools can help communities plan for and mitigate flooding. Section III addresses zoning, a land use tool that most municipalities already utilize to organize development. Zoning can help mitigate flooding, drainage, and water quality issues, which, Texas coastal communities continually battle. Section IV discusses municipal drainage utility systems, which are a mechanism available to municipalities to generate dedicated funds that can help offset costs associated with providing stormwater management. Section V addresses land use and revenue-building tools such as easements, eminent domain, and exactions, which are vital for maintaining existing and new developments in Texas coastal communities. Additionally, Section VI addresses conservation easements, which are a flexible tool that can enhance community resilience through increasing purchase power, establishing protected legal rights, and minimizing hazardous flood impacts. Maintaining good water quality is important for sustaining the diverse ecosystems located within and around Texas coastal communities. Water quality is regulated at the federal level through the Clean Water Act. As discussed in Section VII, the state of Texas is authorized to implement and enforce these regulations by implementing point source and nonpoint source pollutants programs, issuing permits, implementing stormwater discharge programs, collecting water quality data, and setting water quality standards. The state of Texas also assists local communities with implementing restorative programs, such as Watershed Protection Programs, to help local stakeholders restore impaired water bodies. Section VIII addresses ecotourism and how these distinct economic initiatives can help highlight the importance of ecosystem services to local communities. Section VIX discusses the role of education in improving awareness within the community and among visitors, and how making conscious decisions can allow coastal communities to protect their ecosystem and protect against flooding.
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Chang, Heejun. Future Flooding Impacts on Transportation Infrastructure and Traffic Patterns Resulting from Climate Change. Portland State University Library, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.147.

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Brooks, G. R., and D. E. Lawrence. Geomorphic effects and impacts of severe flooding: photographic examples from the Saguenay area, Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210029.

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Tierney, Geraldine. Climate change trends and impacts at Martin Van Buren National Historic Site: Focused condition assessment report. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289957.

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This assessment synthesizes information about current and projected climate and related impacts at Martin Van Buren National Historic Park (MAVA) in order to help park stewards understand, plan, and manage for climate change. Working with a group of park managers, scientists, and local stake-holders, six key park resources were identified for assessment herein: Climate, Water quantity, Phenology, Agriculture, Trees, and Cultural resources. Where data was available, this analysis assessed current condition and considered mid-century (2030–2060) and end-of-century (2100) impacts based on a range of projected future climate conditions, including reduced, low, high and highest emission pathways. Climate change stressors identified for MAVA include: Increased temperature, increased hot days, increased precipitation, increased extreme precipitation events, increased flooding and erosion, shifting ranges of both native species and pest, pathogen and weed species, and phenological shifts and mismatches.
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Khan, Kiren, Mumraiz Khan, Tahira Parveen, and Sabahat Hussain. Impacts of climate change in vulnerable communities in Sindh, Pakistan: Voices from the community. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1074.

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Pakistan ranks among the ten countries worst affected by climate change in the world, and within the country the province of Sindh is one of the hardest-hit regions. Changing trends in temperature and precipitation have increased the frequency and severity of hazards such as flooding, droughts, and heatwaves, among a host of other environmental stresses. The present qualitative study was conducted to scope out the specific ways in which the impacts of climate change are gendered among rural communities in Sindh that have the highest exposure to hazards arising from climate change. The study probed the perceptions and experiences of men and women in a total of five communities in two districts of Sindh, Umerkot and Thatta. The ways climate change is impacting livelihoods in the communities is examined, and the ways vulnerability is deepened is identified, not only from the direct effects of environmental stress and resulting economic loss, but also from the coping measures adopted by affected people and the interactions of these changes with existing gender norms and roles.
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Higuera Roa, Oscar, Jack O'Connor, Ogunwumi Taiwo Seun, Christopher Ihinegbu, Josefine Reimer Lynggaard, Zita Sebesvari, Caitlyn Eberle, and Margaret Koli. Technical Report: Lagos floods. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wquh9842.

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Lagos faces increasingly severe annual flooding, exacerbated by sea level rise and subsidence. In 2021, floods again submerged vehicles and houses, displacing thousands from their homes. The demand for sand in construction materials drives illegal sand mining and erosion on the coast of Nigeria, degrading ecosystems and increasing flood risk. This technical background report for the 2021/2022 edition of the Interconnected Disaster Risks report analyses the root causes, drivers, impacts and potential solutions for the Lagos floods through a forensic analysis of academic literature, media articles and expert interviews.
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Kumar, Avni, Jeremy Kohlitz, and Juliet Willetts. Mainstreaming Climate Risks into Rural Sanitation Programming in Lao PDR. Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2022.022.

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Despite climate change being a major concern for the sanitation sector, rural sanitation remains neglected in the wider discussions of climate impacts on WASH services. Also, the voices of vulnerable individuals, households, and communities who are experiencing the effects of climate change in relation to sanitation issues are missing. This learning brief presents learnings from a practitioner’s experience of integrating climate risk considerations into a Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) programme. The interventions were piloted across three districts of Savannakhet province with a focus on villages that have frequently experienced heavy rainfall and flooding in the past. The learning brief is intended to provide inspiration and ideas to WASH experts and practitioners with interest in integrating considerations of climate change into rural sanitation programming.
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Walshire, Lucas, and Joseph Dunbar. Geotechnical inspection and technical review of Santa Margarita River Marine Corps Air Station Levee, U.S. Marine Corps, Camp Pendleton, CA, 19-20 November 2019. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41526.

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This report describes activities performed, results obtained, and conclusions made from an independent technical review of past levee inspections and the proposed remediation plan for the Santa Margarita Levee that surrounds the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Camp Pendleton. In support of the technical review, ERDC personnel performed a supplemental levee inspection on 19 and 20 November 2019 with MCAS personnel. Previous levee inspections had rated the levee system as Unacceptable due to unwanted vegetation encroaching on the levee right-of-way, which prevents full inspection during flooding. Concerns were raised by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife (USFW) about environmental impacts of the proposed remediation measures and the necessity of such actions. USFW personnel requested an engineering review from an independent party, and ERDC was tasked with performing the independent technical review. The following special report describes the tasks performed and results obtained from the independent technical review.
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Paul, C., and J. F. Cassidy. Seismic hazard investigations at select DND facilities in Southwestern British Columbia: subduction, in-slab, and crustal scenarios. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331199.

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Southwest British Columbia has some of the highest seismic hazard in Canada and is home to facilities owned by the Department of National Defence which support operations on the west coast of Canada. The potential impact of seismic hazards on these government facilities are investigated here. The hazard is from three primary sources: subduction interface, crustal and in-slab earthquakes. NRCan, in consultation with DRDC have produced representative earthquake scenarios for each of these sources. The subduction scenario we constructed was an M8.9 earthquake extending along the entire Cascadia Subduction Zone from 4 to 18 km depth. We used an M6.8 earthquake occurring along a 30 km fault at between 52 and 60 km depth below Boundary Bay to represent in-slab events. The final scenario, representing a crustal source, was an M6.4 along the central 47 km of the Leech River Valley-Devil's Mountain Fault system. We found that the Cascadia subduction scenario dominated the shaking hazard over much of the study region. Meanwhile, the in-slab and crustal scenarios have higher but more localized hazards in Vancouver and Victoria. In addition to the primary ground motion hazard, we also examined secondary seismic hazards: secondary amplification effects, landslides, liquefaction, surface ruptures, tsunami, flooding, fire, and aftershocks. Each of the secondary hazards had varying impacts depending on the scenario and locations within the region.
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