Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flood adaptation

Academic literature on the topic 'Flood adaptation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flood adaptation"

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Aerts, Jeroen. "A Review of Cost Estimates for Flood Adaptation." Water 10, no. 11 (November 13, 2018): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111646.

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Floods are the most devastating of global natural disasters, and flood adaptation measures are needed to reduce future risk. Researchers have started to evaluate the costs and benefits of flood adaptation, but information regarding the cost of different flood adaptation measures is often not available or is hidden in non-peer-reviewed literature. Recent review studies have explored cost estimates for different aspects of flood adaptation, such as nature-based solutions. This study aims to contribute empirical data regarding the cost of flood adaptation by compiling peer-reviewed literature and research reports. The focus is on construction costs and expenses for operation and maintenance. This paper integrates the unit cost information of six main flood adaptation measure categories: (1) the flood-proofing of buildings, (2) flood protection, (3) beach nourishment and dunes, (4) nature-based solutions for coastal ecosystems, (5) channel management and nature-based solutions for riverine systems, and (6) urban drainage. Cost estimates are corrected for inflation and converted to U.S. dollars (2016). Measures are described, and cost figures for both developed and developing countries are provided. The results of this study can be used as input for economic-assessment studies on flood adaptation measures.
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Anwar, Yaskinul, Iya Setyasih, and Dika Oktoberdinata. "Adaptation strategy community from exposure floods lake in the face of floods in Semayang Village, East Kalimantan, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 986, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/986/1/012053.

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Abstract Semayang Village is one of the villages located on the lake of Semayang which is inundated every flood season. Semayang lake is a flood exposure lake, where the increase in standing water can reach >10 meters during a flood with a flood duration of >2 months. The purpose of this study was to determine the adaptation strategy of the semayang villagers in dealing with floods. Data collection techniques used the Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) method and interviews. Interviews were collected from 30 respondents in Semayang Village that were affected by the flood. The results showed that the overall adaptation carried out by the community in Semayang Village using houses on stilts with almost the same model, and some residents make terraced houses. In addition, each house has a backup board to raise the floor of the house when the flood crosses the floor of the house. there is also a floating house system attached to a tree or building around the floating house. In order to protect the house buildings from waves, a wave barrier was also built at the village entrance gate from the lake. This strategy makes the villagers of Semayang never evacuate and move from Lake Semayang even though they are always affected by flooding every year.
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Nurulhuda, D., O. Purwani, and Musyawaroh. "Living with risk: Kampung Apung’s adaptation to flood." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 778, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/778/1/012013.

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Abstract This paper focuses on community strategy in slum areas to adapt to the flood in Jakarta that occur every year. Sea-level rise and land subsidence are some of the causes of Jakarta’s flood. Jakarta is affected by floods every year. Communities need a development strategy to be able to survive from the unpredictable floods each year. This paper aims to identify the application of community strategy as an effort to adapt to Jakarta’s flood in Kampung Apung, West Jakarta. Kampung Apung is one of the slum areas in Jakarta that has been affected by floods since 1995. The flood was caused by land subsidence and worsened by development around the kampung that ignore the environment in the ’90s. Now, Kampung Apung has been submerged in water as deep as 2 meters. This paper uses the descriptive-qualitative method. Data obtained from field observations, documents from the internet, and online interviews with the key informant in Kampung Apung. The result of the paper is to find a community strategy to living with flood in the slum area which is one of the efforts to be able to improve quality of life.
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Wijagsono, Ony, Chatarina Muryani, and Singgih Prihadi. "COMMUNITY RESILIENCE AND ADAPTATION STRATEGY OF FLOOD DISASTERS IN TRUCUK DISTRICT, BOJONEGORO REGENCY." GeoEco 5, no. 2 (July 13, 2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ge.v5i2.35648.

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<p>This study aims to determine (1) the level of community resilience to flooding in Trucuk District, Bojonegoro Regency in 2018; (2) community adaptation strategies to flood disasters in Trucuk District, Bojonegoro Regency in 2018; and (3) efforts to improve resilience and adaptation to flood disasters.</p><p>The population in this study were all villages in Trucuk District, Bojonegoro Regency. The sample used was flood-affected communities in each village by purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques using survey methods. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire and interview. Data analysis uses scorring techniques.</p><p>The results of the study are as follows. (1) Resilience of the Trucuk Subdistrict community against flooding has moderate resilience (52.86 - 62.38) and high resilience (65.89 - 75.13). the distribution of resilience is moderate namely there are 6 villages consisting of the village of Kandangan, Sumbang cucumber, Kanten, Pagerwesi, Padang, and Guyangan. For high resilience there are 6 villages consisting of Sumberjo, Mori, Tulungrejo, Trucuk, Sranak, and Banjarsari villages. (2) Adaptation strategies undertaken by the Trucuk District community in dealing with floods are physical and non-physical adaptations. The physical adaptation carried out by the community and the government is to improve physical conditions, such as elevating houses, repairing irrigation networks, building dams, and building embankments along rivers. Non-physical adaptation carried out by the community and the government is the existence of an early warning system in detecting the danger of flooding and community preparedness in dealing with floods, such as mutual cooperation and mutual assistance in all matters before and after the flood. (3) efforts to improve resilience and adaptation to flood disasters.</p>
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Hobeica, Liliane, and Adib Hobeica. "How adapted are built-environment professionals to flood adaptation?" International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 10, no. 4 (August 29, 2019): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-06-2019-0029.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how architectural practices have been considering flood-risk adaptation within regular design activities. It relies on the assumptions that floods are hybrid phenomena that require actions in both the anthropic and hydrological domains to be successfully managed, and that floods’ spatial dimension can be subject to design to minimize the impacts of disasters. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on the conclusions of a research focussing on the design of flood-prone urban projects in Europe, within which 22 built-environment professionals (BEPs) were interviewed. The statements of these informants were examined through content analysis, as a means to reveal barriers and incentives that affect their perception and practice of dealing with floods through design. Findings Having different experiences with flood-related projects, the interviewees showed uneven degrees of sensitivity to manage floods through design. The analyses pinpoint that for BEPs to be up to the challenges associated with these projects, besides technical expertise, some soft skills are needed such as professional openness and a positive mindset. Originality/value This paper explores flood adaptation not only as a spatial challenge but also as a cultural change that needs to be embraced within flood risk management efforts.
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Nassor, Badriya S., and Makame O. Makame. "Assessing Community Adaptation Strategies to Floods in Flood-Prone Areas of Urban District, Zanzibar, Tanzania." Journal of Sustainable Development 14, no. 3 (April 19, 2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v14n3p95.

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Floods disasters around the world have increased for the last 20 years and affected billions of people. The same has been observed in Zanzibar, which resulted in severe impacts in many parts of the urban-west region and affected many people, threaten several lives and caused substantial economic losses. Therefore, this study intended to assess the community adaptation strategies to floods, the genesis of those strategies and the limiting factors for each adaptation strategies in flood-prone areas in the Urban District in Zanzibar, Tanzania. It involved 399 households. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire for heads of the households to assess their adaptation strategies. The study discovered that the community has been employing different adaptation strategies to reduce the floods risk at pre, during and after floods. Before flooding is cemented the floor, while during flooding moved to another place and after flooding did the structural repairs of their houses and recommendations to the government on providing necessary support are delineated.
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Faruk, Md Omar, and Keshav Lall Maharjan. "Factors Affecting Farmers’ Adoption of Flood Adaptation Strategies Using Structural Equation Modeling." Water 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 3080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14193080.

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Floods are a frequent disaster in Bangladesh, and farmers are the most at risk. Understanding how to improve the farmers’ flood adaption is important to reduce flood effects. Protection motivation theory (PMT) has been widely used to examine flood adaptation behavior, but there is still debate regarding the quantitative effect of PMT factors on flood adaption behavior, particularly in a geographically vulnerable context. This study integrates psychological aspects based on PMT to assess farmers’ flood adaptability. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data from 359 farmers. We employed structural equation modeling to test a PMT model with mediation analysis. The results showed that farmers who perceive a higher flood risk and feel more fear of floods are more likely to implement flood adaptation measures. Similarly, farmers adopt more adaptive actions if they have higher self-efficacy and response efficacy. However, they are less likely to take adaptive actions if they are subject to maladaptation. Maladaptation plays a significant role as a mediating variable. These findings will act as recommendations for government agencies to design policy measures to strengthen flood risk management. The study supports the theory of protection motivation to understand farmers’ flood adaptation behavior. However, further study is required to enhance and generalize the existing model.
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Haer, Toon, W. J. Wouter Botzen, Vincent van Roomen, Harry Connor, Jorge Zavala-Hidalgo, Dirk M. Eilander, and Philip J. Ward. "Coastal and river flood risk analyses for guiding economically optimal flood adaptation policies: a country-scale study for Mexico." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2121 (April 30, 2018): 20170329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0329.

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Many countries around the world face increasing impacts from flooding due to socio-economic development in flood-prone areas, which may be enhanced in intensity and frequency as a result of climate change. With increasing flood risk, it is becoming more important to be able to assess the costs and benefits of adaptation strategies. To guide the design of such strategies, policy makers need tools to prioritize where adaptation is needed and how much adaptation funds are required. In this country-scale study, we show how flood risk analyses can be used in cost–benefit analyses to prioritize investments in flood adaptation strategies in Mexico under future climate scenarios. Moreover, given the often limited availability of detailed local data for such analyses, we show how state-of-the-art global data and flood risk assessment models can be applied for a detailed assessment of optimal flood-protection strategies. Our results show that especially states along the Gulf of Mexico have considerable economic benefits from investments in adaptation that limit risks from both river and coastal floods, and that increased flood-protection standards are economically beneficial for many Mexican states. We discuss the sensitivity of our results to modelling uncertainties, the transferability of our modelling approach and policy implications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advances in risk assessment for climate change adaptation policy’.
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Oubennaceur, Khalid, Karem Chokmani, Florence Lessard, Yves Gauthier, Catherine Baltazar, and Jean-Patrick Toussaint. "Understanding Flood Risk Perception: A Case Study from Canada." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 7, 2022): 3087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053087.

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In recent years, understanding and improving the perception of flood risk has become an important aspect of flood risk management and flood risk reduction policies. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of flood risk in the Petite Nation River watershed, located in southern Quebec, Canada. A survey was conducted with 130 residents living on a floodplain in this river watershed, which had been affected by floods in the spring of 2017. Participants were asked about different aspects related to flood risk, such as the flood hazard experience, the physical changes occurring in the environment, climate change, information accessibility, flood risk governance, adaptation measures, and finally the perception of losses. An analysis of these factors provided perspectives for improving flood risk communication and increasing the public awareness of flood risk. The results indicated that the analyzed aspects are potentially important in terms of risk perception and showed that the flood risk perceptions varied for each aspect analyzed. In general, the information regarding flood risk management is available and generally understandable, and the level of confidence was good towards most authorities. However, the experiences of flood risk and the consequences of climate change on floods were not clear among the respondents. Regarding the adaptation measures, the majority of participants tended to consider non-structural adaptation measures as being more relevant than structural ones. Moreover, the long-term consequences of flooding on property values are of highest concern. These results provide a snapshot of citizens’ risk perceptions and their opinions on topics that are directly related to such risks.
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Hanif, Muhammad, Beben Graha Putra, Rizki Atthori Hidayat, Ravidho Ramadhan, Ahyuni Ahyuni, Afriyadi Afriyadi, Wan Shafrina Wan Moh Jaafar, Dedi Hermon, and Ernieza Suhana Mokhtar. "Impact of Coastal Flood on Building, Infrastructure, and Community Adaptation in Bukit Bestari Tanjungpinang." Jurnal Geografi Gea 21, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/gea.v21i2.38911.

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Coastal flood in Indonesia, namely as banjir rob, is a phenomenon that increases seawater to inundate around the tidal area. In Tanjungpinang, cases of coastal floods become a serious problem for people living in this area. This research aims to model the coastal flood inundation by modeling water inundation with a maximum level increase scenario. Its model was used to estimate coastal floods' impact on houses, buildings, and infrastructures with scenario 2 meters of sea-level rise. On the other hand, the budget loss for restoration was estimated to study the effort of community adaptations with the ECLAC RAB method and observation to understand community adaptation. It was found that the spatial model succeeded in zoning inundation areas, which had a significant impact on houses, buildings, worship places, schools, and industrial at many 4112 units. From this case, the budget loss for the restoration of the physical environment was estimated at around 61994014.75 USD. In addition, the survey revealed the existing condition before and after the coastal flood. Several community efforts for adaptation were developing houses on stilt and hoarding the lowest land on-site location for build houses.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flood adaptation"

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Pravin, Avni. "Environmental Justice and Flood Adaptation: A Spatial Analysis of Flood Mitigation Projects in Harris County, Texas." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24540.

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Although literature on flood risk and environmental justice investigates the link between race and ethnicity and vulnerability to floods, few studies examine the distribution of flood mitigation amenities. This study analyzes census tract proximity to flood mitigation projects (FMPs) completed between 2012 and 2016 in Harris County, Texas to determine if a) project location is biased towards economic growth and the urban core; b) areas most impacted by previous floods are prioritized for drainage assistance; and c) if low-income and Latinx populations are being neglected. A spatial error regression analysis indicates that FMPs are significantly proximate to the urban core, net of other factors. Results also indicate no significant relationship between census tract-level Latinx composition, income status, and proximity to FMPs. Finally, built environment characteristics and locations of previous flooding had no significant effect on where projects were placed.
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Chawawa, Nancy Elsie. "Why do smallholder farmers insist on living in flood prone areas? : understanding self-perceived vulnerability and dynamics of local adaptation in Malawi." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31421.

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The Government of Malawi, through delegates from the Department of Disaster Management Affairs, has on several occasions advised smallholder farmers who live in flood prone areas to relocate to upland areas that are safe from floods. Smallholder farmers have refused to do so and continue to live in the flood prone areas despite experiencing on-going flooding. Smallholder farmers living in flood prone areas in Malawi insist that flash floods bring fertile soils from upland areas that enhance crop production in the flood prone areas. These fertile soils allow smallholder farmers to grow a variety of crops, fruits and vegetables throughout the year, some of which they sell. Within this context, my research critically explores how smallholder farmers perceive their vulnerability to floods and seeks to understand the factors and processes that motivate them to live in the flood prone areas. It also examines the realities and dynamics of local adaptation in the flood prone areas in Malawi through opportunities, challenges, barriers and limitations. The research uses 57 in-depth interviews, a household survey involving 227 households, participant observations and 12 focus group discussions with smallholder farmers. Findings show that firstly, smallholder farmers are not ready to abandon their land and relocate upland because floods are part of their lives and livelihood strategies. Secondly, that power dynamics at household and community levels based on gender roles and culture need to be understood and accounted for in local adaptation strategies in order to effectively enhance local adaptive capacity. Thirdly, that social networks and interdependence between the smallholder farmers living in flood prone areas and those living in upland areas play a significant role in the adoption of local adaptation strategies and adaptation to floods and droughts through temporary migration. This thesis reveals that the perception and extent of vulnerability to floods is dynamic and differentiated based on several factors. The thesis also reveals that local adaption is a complex process such that in some cases, the realities of power dynamics at both the household and community level affects local adaptive capacity to floods. Transformational adaptation that incorporates specific and contextual adaptation strategies is therefore recommended as one of the best approaches towards achieving successful adaptation to climate variability and resilience.
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Iacob, Oana. "Natural flood management : an ecosystem based adaptation response for climate change." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/d0a9eb21-dbcb-40a0-ab5f-b36ca2e94041.

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Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing civil society. Scientific evidence indicates the likelihood of greater variability and more frequent extremes of temperature and precipitation which will result in increased flood risk and corresponding social, economic and environmental impacts. Complementing more traditional structurally-based engineering interventions, an important additionaladaptation strategy is through natural flood management (NFM). NFM seeks to utilise natural processes (i.e. by promoting higher infiltration through land management practices) to attenuate flood peaks. Such measures have wider significance in the context of Ecosystem based Adaptation (EbA), to deliver highly beneficial solutions as they provide important benefits in relation to runoff rates but also in terms of wider environmental aspects (e.g. water quality, biodiversity). The present study used a holistic approach to evaluate the effectiveness of NFM options in reducing the flood risk for the current and future climate with a consideration also for the wider delivery of ecosystem services. Tarland Burn catchment (NE Scotland) was used as a platform to explore individual adaptation options through woodland expansion (distinguishing between coniferous and deciduous) and drainage schemes, together with land use scenarios that explore emergent socio-economic contexts. The distributed hydrological model WaSiM-ETH was utilised for the analysis linking land management options with climate projections obtained from UK Climate Projections (UKCP09). Modelling results showed that the magnitude of extreme weather events is expected to increase up to the end of the century with important implications for climate adaptation strategies. Woodland expansion could help attenuate the high flows, with the benefit for flood protection significantly higher for coniferous woodland compared to deciduous woodland and up to 1.5 more if woodland is located in lowland areas. However, modelling results suggested that there are potential negative impacts of afforestation on low flows (and hence water quality) which could exacerbate existing vulnerabilities. This may become an even greater issue in the future as summers are predicted to be drier and warmer. Improving the efficiency of the drainage network was seen to reduce the high flows, though the results are marginal for the winter when most floods occur. Modelling results suggested that climate change will eventually exceed the capacity of beneficial land use change by itself (through NFM measures) to avoid significant changes on catchment hydrology. This has important implications as other complementary engineered solutions may therefore be required to counteract the adverse impacts of climate change on flood risk. Moreover, the EbA assessments results indicated that NFM options may not always be ‘win-win’ solutions as commonly advertised (McShane et al., 2011). Instead trade-offs between the delivery of different services may be required and decisions should be aimed at maximizing benefits whilst minimizing the disbenefits. This novel approach highlighted that land use change should be carefully managed and the choices about land use and flood risk should always have at their core an enhancement of landscape resilience, particularly at the catchment scale.
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Quinn, Tara. "The role of place attachment in proactive and reactive adaptation to flood risk." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/49467/.

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This research examines the role of relationship with place in reactive and proactive adaptation to flood risk in England. There is currently little research into how floods affect relationship with place and how this relationship may determine adaptive behaviour. As the social limits to adaptation are increasingly recognised, theories about relationship with place offer a new perspective as to how flood risk is interpreted and acted on. This research examines how place attachment and place meaning interacts with flood risk at the household and community scale, and the role of place attachment in involvement in adaptation planning decisions. Fieldwork took place in two locations, Cumbria, where adaptation measures were in response to flooding that occurred in 2009 and Barnes, an area that is at risk of flooding and is part of the Thames Estuary 2100 plan that addresses flood risk in the coming century. Place attachment, place meaning, social capital and trust in institutions were examined using face-to-face surveys (n=380). In order to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between place and flood experience in-depth interviews were carried out with fourteen older adults in Cumbria. The study finds that place attachment predicts choices and behaviours in pro-active adaptation to flood risk. When adaptation is reactive the strength of the relationship between adaptation behaviour and place attachment weakens. Following a flood, place related meanings change, this research finds that social aspects of place become more important to the individual and shape how place is experienced and can act to increase adaptive capacity. These findings demonstrate the dynamic nature of relationship with place and suggest that place attachment plays a different role in involvement in adaptation decisions depending on whether behaviour is in anticipation of, or in reaction to, environmental risk.
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Williams, Erica. "Aquatecture : architectural adaptation to rising sea levels." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003290.

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Filípková, Monika. "Návrh protipovodňové ochrany na vybrané části toku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391938.

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The master’s thesis deals with the hydraulic analysis of the water flow capacity for the flood flow on the river Litava in the river kilometres 11,550 – 18,315 using the HEC-RAS 5.0.5 specifically 1D-2D numerical model. On the basic of flood areas, depths and speeds the results were evaluated and subsequently was created own proposal flood protection.
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Melville-Shreeve, Peter. "Rainwater harvesting for drought mitigation and flood management." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/30260.

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Rainwater harvesting (RWH) in the UK has seen a low level of uptake relative to similar settings such as Australia and Germany. The relatively low cost of municipal water in the UK limits the financial savings associated with RWH systems, especially in a domestic setting. Although financial benefits can be relatively low (in terms of reduced water bills), academic and practitioner studies have demonstrated the potential for RWH to significantly reduce potable water demands at typical UK houses. Hence, increased uptake of RWH has potential to contribute to mitigating droughts in water scarce regions. Stormwater management in the UK is receiving increasing attention at all levels; from grass-roots sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) such as downpipe disconnections and raingardens; through to implementation of urban realm attenuation schemes and continued development of guidance from UK policy makers. The public realm nature of most SuDS presents a need for partnership approaches to be fostered between infrastructure mangers and the general public. The application of RWH as a technology within the SuDS management train has been limited in the UK as policy makers have taken the view that RWH tanks may be full at the start of a design storm, and thus the potential for attenuation and peak discharge reduction has been largely ignored. However, in the last few years there has been a shift in emphasis; from RWH perceived purely as a water demand management technology to a focus on its wider benefits e.g. mitigating surface water flooding through improved stormwater management. RWH systems examined in this thesis are now available which offer multiple benefits to both end-users and water service providers. The application of RWH in a dual purpose configuration (to displace potable water demands and control stormwater discharges) has seen increasing interest during the development of this thesis. However, the successful design of RWH as a stormwater management tool requires a series of calculations to be completed. To date, practitioners have frequently relied upon low-resolution heuristic methods which lead to a small range of configurations being deployed, with minimal demonstrable stormwater control benefits. In this thesis, full details of novel and traditional RWH technologies were identified and described. Empirical data was collected, both in laboratory conditions and at field sites, to identify the real world operating characteristics of a range of RWH configurations. Additionally a new time series evaluation methodology was developed to enable RWH systems to be designed and analysed. This method quantifies water demand benefits and also focusses on stormwater management metrics (i.e. largest annual discharge and total discharge volume per year). The method was developed to enable a range of RWH configurations to be evaluated at a given site. In addition, a decision support tool (RainWET) was developed and tested which enabled the methods to be deployed in real world settings. The application of the RainWET software allowed a UK-wide, time series analysis of RWH configurations to be completed and the holistic benefits of a range of dual purpose RWH systems to be analysed and described. Evidence from the UK study suggests that a traditional RWH installation (3000l storage, 300l/day demand and 60m2 roof) installed at a house in a water scarce region (London, SAAR 597mm) was able to fully mitigate stormwater overflows over a 20 year analysis whilst providing a mean water saving of 31,255l/annum. An equivalent system located in the wettest region studied (Truro, SAAR 1099mm) saw mean reductions in the largest annual storm of 62% (range 35-86%) whilst satisfying a mean rainwater demand of 50,912l/annum. The study concluded that suitably designed dual purpose RWH systems offered better stormwater management benefits than those designed without a stormwater control device. In addition, the integration of smart RWH controls were shown to maximise stormwater control benefits with little or no reduction in a system’s ability to satisfy non-potable water demands.
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jaeger, Caroline. "Progressive and Conservative Efforts in Climate Change Flood Adaptation: A Study of Four Coastal States." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1310.

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The purpose of this thesis is to understand the reasons for the varying adaptation policies in place for coastal states that will experience flooding as result of climate change. Responses to excessive precipitation and worsened flooding differ widely between predominantly conservative and predominantly progressive states. The levels of flooding aren’t fully known, but they are predicted to be increasingly catastrophic as climate change worsens. Coastal populations will only grow more vulnerable to flooding without adaptive measures put in place. Increasing green infrastructure is one of the most effective methods. Adaptation measures vary widely by state and more progressive states have greater amounts of adaptive measures in place. Conservative states have a long history that results in their lack of climate policy and environmental governance.
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Pariartha, I. Putu Gustave Suryantara. "Optimisation of climate change adaptation for urban stormwater management." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127643/1/I%20Putu%20Gustave%20Suryantara_Pariartha_Thesis.pdf.

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This project was a step forward in developing new knowledge relating to the optimisation of the flood mitigation measures adaptation against climate change and urbanisation impacts by considering their uncertainty. The generic outcomes of this study are expected to contribute to the optimisation of design of flood mitigation measures into the future based on costs and the capability to reduce the flood damage.
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Ripiye, Ndenyangnde. "Natural Flood Management applications (NFM) : the role of local institutions." Thesis, Abertay University, 2016. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9ffd6531-809a-45ac-a6a9-eeb8bd2f94bc.

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Natural Flood Management (NFM) is promoted as part of sustainable flood management (SFM) in response to climate change adaptation. Stakeholder engagement is central to this approach, and current trends are progressively moving towards a collaborative learning approach where stakeholder participation is perceived as one of the indicators of sustainable development. Within this methodology, participation embraces a diversity of knowledge and values underpinned by a philosophy of empowerment, equity, trust and learning. To identify barriers to NFM uptake, there is a need for a new understanding on how stakeholder participation could be enhanced to benefit individual and community resilience within SFM. This is crucial in the light of climate change threats and scientific reliability concerns. In contributing to this new understanding, this research evaluated eight (8) UK NFM case studies towards improving understanding of opportunities in involving communities in catchment-based working. An NFM strategy for participatory planning was developed from literature, findings from the UK studies and refined through a scenario development for a case study application in Taraba state, Nigeria using the constructivist model. Stakeholder and inter-agency collaboration for flood management in Taraba were investigated through interview methodology: 8 governmental agencies and 32 community leaders in Potentially Vulnerable Areas (PVA’s) of the state. Findings show some institutional weaknesses, which are seen to inhibit the development of adequate, flood management solution locally with damaging implications for vulnerable communities. The existences of weak institutional structures with poor coordination of the lead agency to effect change are identified as problematic within this context. Findings highlight a dominate top-bottom approach to management with very minimal public interactions. Current approaches are remedial with less emphasis on prevention and mitigation. The targeted approach suggested by the constructivist risk model is set against adaptive flood management and community development. The finding of the study suggests different agencies have different perspectives for “community participation”. It also shows communities in the case study area appear to be least influential, denied a real chance of discussing their situations and influencing the decision. This is against the background that the communities are located in the most productive regions, contributing massively to national food supplies. Stakeholder engagement and resilience planning underpin this research. The study explores dimensions of participation using the self-reliance and self –help approach to develop a methodology that facilitates reflections of currently institutionalised practices and the need to reshape spaces of interactions to enable empowered and meaningful participation. The results are discussed concerning practical implications for addressing interagency partnerships and conducting grassroots collaborations that empower local communities and seek solutions to development challenges.
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Books on the topic "Flood adaptation"

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Climate adaptation and flood risk in coastal cities. London: Earthscan, 2011.

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Climate change and flood risk management: Adaptation and extreme events at the local level. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2013.

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United Nations Environment Programme. Nile Basin adaptation to water stress: Comprehensive assessment of flood & drought prone areas. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme, 2013.

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author, Bhuyan Himadri K., and International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, eds. Policy and institutions in adaptation to climate change: Case study on flood mitigation infrastructure in India and Nepal. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 2013.

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Institute of Water Modelling (Bangladesh). Assistance to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in Bangladesh: Support to the National Flood Forecasting and Warning Services in Bangladesh : final report. Dhaka: Institute of Water Modelling, 2011.

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Bycroft, U. Planning and adaptation to flood risk: the use of the land-use planning system to adapt to an increase in coastal flooding as a result of climate change. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1999.

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Suter, William E. Aurora Floyd: A drama in two acts. Hastings: Sensation Press, 2008.

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Schneuwly-Bollschweiler, Michelle. Dating Torrential Processes on Fans and Cones: Methods and Their Application for Hazard and Risk Assessment. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

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Lettenmaier, Dennis P., Huan Wu, Qiuhong Tang, and Philip J. Ward. Global Drought and Flood: Monitoring, Prediction, and Adaptation. American Geophysical Union, 2021.

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Ward, Philip, Jeroen Aerts, Wouter Botzen, Malcolm Bowman, and Piet Dircke. Climate Adaptation and Flood Risk in Coastal Cities. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flood adaptation"

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Owusu, Kwadwo, and Peter Bilson Obour. "Urban Flooding, Adaptation Strategies, and Resilience: Case Study of Accra, Ghana." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2387–403. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_249.

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AbstractDespite massive flood controlling investments, perennial flooding continues to be a major challenge in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Assembly in Ghana. Previous studies have mostly considered the vulnerability of Accra to flooding induced by urbanization and climate change. This chapter examined the impacts of and adaptation strategies to flooding in two flood-prone residential areas in Accra. A survey was conducted among 320 household heads to ascertain local impacts of floods and community adaptation strategies. To obtain a broader picture of government interventions and challenges, key stakeholders such as personnel from ministries, departments, and agencies who are involved in city planning, and private urban planning consultants were interviewed. The study found that a notable driver of floods in Accra is blocked waterways, and flawed and ad hoc engineering works. About three-quarters of the households interviewed have suffered flood-related losses over the past decade such as housing damage, income, and even a death of a relative. Key flood control interventions included dredging prior to start of rains and sporadic demolition of unauthorized buildings on or near waterways to allow free flow of water. However, these interventions only seem to be ephemeral due to the rapid rate of littering and re-siltation of the waterways after few rain events. The study highlights the need for more pragmatic and robust engineering solutions to build resilience of Accra to floods.
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Balogun, R. Ayodeji, E. Adesanya Adefisan, Z. Debo Adeyewa, and E. Chilekwu Okogbue. "Thermodynamic Environment During the 2009 Burkina Faso and 2012 Nigeria Flood Disasters: Case Study." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1705–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_143.

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AbstractCritical or extreme atmospheric conditions which could result in flood disasters are important output for numerical weather forecast. This research applied thermodynamic variables to investigate the environment of two flood scenarios in West Africa as captured by the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) satellite. Results from the two case studies of flood events, in (i) Burkina Faso and (ii) Nigeria savannah, investigated in this research work, indicated that the September 1st 2009 flood, which was as a result of a single volumetric rainfall event of 408,070.60 ((mm/h)*km2) with 65% convective region in Burkina Faso, was initiated by interactions between extremely large lower tropospheric wind shear and cold pool dynamics. The case of the Nigeria savannah floods between July and September, 2012, was triggered by both continuous rainfall and release of water from the lagdo dam in Cameroon, which affected most of the communities in the river Benue axis. The continuous rainfalls were found to be as a result of extremely high convergence of moisture in the river Benue axis at different locations and periods. One of such rainfall events, as captured by TRMM satellite during September 29, 2012 in the Nigeria rainforest zone, indicated that the volumetric rainfall is 351,310.9 ((mm/h)*km2) with only 34% convective portion. From these results, it can be deduced that a combination of thermodynamic environmental variables, volume rainfall, and other satellite-derived convective parameters could provide important information for flood forecasting.
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Okafor, Joachim Chukwuma. "Flood, Livelihood Displacement, and Poverty in Nigeria: Plights of Flood Victims, 2012–2018." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2535–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_124.

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AbstractThe impacts of flood on the Nigerian population over the years have been enormous. This is because the attendant associated risks such as destruction of lives and properties, livelihood displacement, and impoverishment of victims arising from increasing flood cases have constituted a threat to the citizens’ survival and therefore inform the attention the menace has drawn among scholars, policy analyst. This chapter has as its primary aim, a critical assessment of the impacts of government responses over the plight of victims of flooding in Nigeria over the years under review. Thus, special attention is given in this chapter to the various barriers or challenges facing government response to the plight of flood victims in Nigeria. Finally, some valuable steps, which if taken will reduce these barriers or challenges, are outlined. Though, the study adopted the use of secondary sources of data collection via content analysis, the experiences and knowledge gathered in this chapter will be strategically useful to people and organizations interested in the government of Nigeria’s response to the plight of flood victims, barriers inhibiting the success of fund utilization in reducing the suffering and impoverishment of the flood victims, number of deaths, and population displaced as a result.
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Simarmata, Hendricus Andy. "Flood Experiences: “The Vulnerable” and “The Adapter”." In Phenomenology in Adaptation Planning, 65–104. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5496-9_4.

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Nilubon, Polpat. "Decision tree method for evaluating the flexibility of flood risk adaptation options." In Opportunistic Adaptation, 85–100. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003197874-5.

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Okafor, Joachim Chukwuma. "Flood, Livelihood Displacement, and Poverty in Nigeria: Plights of Flood Victims, 2012–2018." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_124-1.

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Simarmata, Hendricus Andy. "Planning Institutions of Adaptation to Flood in Jakarta." In Phenomenology in Adaptation Planning, 39–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5496-9_3.

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Tiroshi, Amit, Tsvi Kuflik, and Shlomo Berkovsky. "Inform or Flood: Estimating When Retweets Duplicate." In User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 267–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38844-6_22.

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Müller, Annemarie, and René Höfer. "The Impacts of Climate and Land-Use Change on Flood and Heat Hazards." In Climate Adaptation Santiago, 107–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39103-3_6.

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Kiczko, Adam, Renata J. Romanowicz, Marzena Osuch, and Florian Pappenberger. "Adaptation of the Integrated Catchment System to On-line Assimilation of ECMWF Forecasts." In Stochastic Flood Forecasting System, 173–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18854-6_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flood adaptation"

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Schlüter, Wolfram, and Mark Adamson. "Climate Adaptation in Ireland." In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.16.4.

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Noll, Brayton, Tatiana Filatova, and Ariana Need. "How does culture affect individual adaptation to climate-driven floods?" In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.4.5.

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MALAHOVA, Jelena, Daina VASIĻEVSKA, and Karlis KETNERS. "POTENTIAL FLOOD IMPACT ON NATURAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT IN RIGA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.173.

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Flood risk management is the process of data and information gathering, risk analysis and evaluation, appraisal of options, and making, implementing and reviewing decisions to reduce, control, accept or redistribute the flood risks. It is a continuous process of analysis, adjustment and adaptation of policies and actions taken to reduce the flood risk. Preventive measures and timely, reasonable flood risk prevention measures can help reduce the risk of floods and caused damages. In addition, protection against floods is primarily necessary for populated areas, especially when it comes to densely populated areas, since floods may affect a large number of citizens and their property thereby causing enormous material damage not only to the inhabitants of these territories but also to business infrastructure, respectively, it can result in significant material and socioeconomic losses. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the flood risk management theoretical and practical aspects, identify the potential impact of floods on natural and socioeconomic environment, as well as to show the usefulness of flood risk reduction measures. To reach this aim, the following tasks must be fulfilled: to give the definitions of flooding and flood risk and briefly characterise the flooding and flood risk in Latvia; to study and characterize the flood risk management legal and institutional aspects; to carry out an analytical overview of the flood risk assessment on right bank of the Daugava River in Riga; to carry out a cost-benefit analysis of flood risk prevention measures on the right bank of the Daugava in Riga.
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Llasat, María-Carmen, Montserrat Llasat-Botija, María Cortès, Tomeu Rigo, Anna del Moral, Isabel Caballero, Ana Iglesias, and José A. Jiménez. "Coping with flood risk adaptation in Mediterranean countries: evidences, uncertainties, strategies and limits." In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.12.20.

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Zhou, Ruizhi, and Yanling Pan. "FloodDAN: Unsupervised Flood Forecasting based on Adversarial Domain Adaptation." In 2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (BDAI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bdai56143.2022.9862723.

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Sayers, Paul, M. Horrrit, A. L. Kay, J. Mauz, and S. Carr. "Next generation exploration of UK future flood risks: High resolution climate, population and adaptation futures." In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.25.5.

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Clar, Christoph, Susanne Hanger-Kopp, Thomas Schinko, Sebastian Seebauer, and Thomas Thaler. "Adaptation pathways and path dependencies: Insights into past and future decision-making in flood risk management." In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.25.6.

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Aerts, Jeroen C. J. H., and Wouter J. W. Botzen. "Climate Adaptation Cost for Flood Risk Management in the Netherlands." In Against the Deluge: Storm Surge Barriers to Protect New York City. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412527.007.

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Matos Silva, Maria, and Ana Beja Da Costa. "Lisbon’s Metropolitan Public Space Network as an opportunity for the management of the urban water cycle." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002369.

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Stormwater management has been essentially controlled by specific technical and specialized disciplines that have authoritatively decided upon the necessary actions. An example of this is the recent Drainage Master Plan for the city of Lisbon, which mostly relies on the creation and optimization of singular, mono-functional, hard-engineering infrastructure that is uniquely focused on draining potentially valuable stormwater away from the urban area. The need to revisit contemporary practices regarding the management of pluvial waters is widely established in literature (Gersonius et al., 2013, Hartmann and Driessen, 2013), not only when considering climate change projections, and the associated exacerbation of precipitation extremes and consequent urban flooding, but also when acknowledging pluvial water as the ultimate resource for urban resilience. Faced with this challenge, numerous cities have been maturing their relationship with water through flood adaptation projects that explore water’s bountiful regenerative and ecological capacities (Matos Silva, 2020). In these projects, one can further note an attempt for a coherent elasticity and connection among similar strategies in different scales. Indeed, all flood adaptation measures are more effective and provide a broader benefit if articulated and interconnected with each other at different scales. In the research project “MetroPublicNet” (Santos et al., 2020) public space qualification projects in Lisbon Metropolitan Area since 1998 are identified and their rationales are critically revised in light of a future metropolitan public space network. Bearing in mind lessons from three specific cities (namely Rotterdam, New York, and London) regarding their relationships between existing flood adaptation strategies and metropolitan networks related to public space, this research aims to initiate the discussion on a new Metropolitan Flood Management Plan for Lisbon.Through this research, the importance of an effective interconnection between scales lies reinforced. By integrating a flood adaptation plan that is served and serves a Metropolitan Public Space Network, new urban interventions can more effectively contribute to more resilient, robust and adaptative territories.
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Elnokaly, Amira, and Witiya Pittungnapoo. "Designing with water for climate change adaptation and cultural heritage preservation." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15220.

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Climate change is a global challenge and one of its major impacts is on flooding, which has become more unpredictable and destructive in both the UK and Thailand since the beginning of the 21st century. Designing with water (DWW) and natural-based solutions are emerging as some of the most important approaches for dealing with climate change and adaptation for a resilient future. Flooding is a natural phenomenon and in the UK, and Thailand, as in many other parts of the world, local communities over millennia have learnt to live and co-exist with seasonal inundation, and their tangible and intangible heritage and lifeways celebrate their relationship with water. However, in part to the increase in the frequency and severity of floods but also exacerbated by rapid urbanization and floodplain encroachment, has resulted in many nationally and internationally important heritage sites in Thailand being at increasing risk because of longer inundation periods during the rainy season. In addition, climate change has made flooding in Thailand more unpredictable and widespread. Fragmented planning and management in the cultural sector, particularly the lack of integration between regulatory organisations responsible for flood protection, is also a major problem. The study investigates several successful DWW case studies from the built environment that highlights good practice and international expertise that will help scholars and practitioners designing in flood pone regions to develop their knowledge and strategies. These cases present integrative whole system approaches, which put DWW and more natural-based solutions at the heart of their design strategies for climate adaptation front and centre of cultural heritage management and preservation. The paper presents a series of recommendations to turn flood threat into an opportunity to improve water resources and community resilience at regional and community.
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Reports on the topic "Flood adaptation"

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Gregow, Hilppa, Antti Mäkelä, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Sirkku Juhola, Janina Käyhkö, Adriaan Perrels, Eeva Kuntsi-Reunanen, et al. Ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutumisen ohjauskeinot, kustannukset ja alueelliset ulottuvuudet. Suomen ilmastopaneeli, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31885/9789527457047.

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The new EU strategy on adaptation to climate change highlights the urgency of adaptation measures while bringing forth adaptation as vitally important as a response to climate change as mitigation. In order to provide information on how adaptation to climate change has been promoted in Finland and what calls for attention next, we have compiled a comprehensive information package focusing on the following themes: adaptation policy, impacts of climate change including economic impacts, regional adaptation strategies, climate and flood risks in regions and sea areas, and the availability of scientific data. This report consists of two parts. Part 1 of the report examines the work carried out on adaptation in Finland and internationally since 2005, emphasising the directions and priorities of recent research results. The possibilities of adaptation governance are examined through examples, such as how adaptations steering is organised in of the United Kingdom. We also examine other examples and describe the Canadian Climate Change Adaptation Platform (CCAP) model. We apply current information to describe the economic impacts of climate change and highlight the related needs for further information. With regard to regional climate strategy work, we examine the status of adaptation plans by region and the status of the Sámi in national adaptation work. In part 2 of the report, we have collected information on the temporal and local impacts of climate change and compiled extensive tables on changes in weather, climate and marine factors for each of Finland's current regions, the autonomous Åland Islands and five sea areas, the eastern Gulf of Finland, the western Gulf of Finland, the Archipelago Sea, the Bothnian Sea and the Bay of Bothnia. As regards changes in weather and climate factors, the changes already observed in 1991-2020 are examined compared to 1981-2010 and future changes until 2050 are described. For weather and climate factors, we examine average temperature, precipitation, thermal season duration, highest and lowest temperatures per day, the number of frost days, the depth and prevalence of snow, the intensity of heavy rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed, and the amount of frost per season (winter, spring, summer, autumn). Flood risks, i.e. water system floods, run-off water floods and sea water floods, are discussed from the perspective of catchment areas by region. The impacts of floods on the sea in terms of pollution are also assessed by sea area, especially for coastal areas. With regard to marine change factors, we examine surface temperature, salinity, medium water level, sea flood risk, waves, and sea ice. We also describe combined risks towards sea areas. With this report, we demonstrate what is known about climate change adaptation, what is not, and what calls for particular attention. The results can be utilised to strengthen Finland's climate policy so that the implementation of climate change adaptation is strengthened alongside climate change mitigation efforts. In practice, the report serves the reform of the National Climate Change Adaptation Plan and the development of steering measures for adaptation to climate change both nationally and regionally. Due to its scale, the report also serves e.g. the United Nations’ aim of protecting marine life in the Baltic Sea and the national implementation of the EU strategy for adaptation to climate change. As a whole, the implementation of adaptation policy in Finland must be speeded up swiftly in order to achieve the objectives set and ensure sufficient progress in adaptation in different sectors. The development of binding regulation and the systematic evaluation, monitoring and support of voluntary measures play a key role.
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Soma, Katrine, Marijke Dijkshoorn-Dekker, and Nico Polman. Incentives to contribute to flood adaptation in cities : Stakeholder analyses in Belgium, the UK and the Netherlands. Wageningen: Wageningen Economic Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/438335.

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McNulty, Steven, Sarah Wiener, Emrys Treasure, Jennifer Moore Myers, Hamid Farahani, Lisa Fouladbash, David Marshall, and Rachel F. Steele. Southeast Regional Climate Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies. United States. Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7279978.ch.

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Climate-related variability in rainfall, temperature, and extreme weather (e.g., drought, flood, unseasonal frost) pose significant challenges to working land (i.e., range, forest, and agricultural) managers across the southeastern United States. This document outlines the type of risks that southeastern agriculture and forestry currently face and, in some cases, options to address these risks. Finally, this document looks forward to providing direction on the priority needs of Southeast working land managers and an outline of how the USDA Southeast Climate Hub will address those needs.
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Tomiczek, Tori, Anna Wargula, Nia Hurst, Duncan Bryant, and Leigh Provost. Engineering With Nature : the role of mangroves in coastal protection. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42420.

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The purpose of this Engineering With Nature technical note (EWN TN) is to review previous studies of mangroves as a nature-based adaptation alternative for coastal protection and flood hazard mitigation.
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Das, P. J., H. K. Bhuyan, N. S. Pradhan, V. R. Khadgi, L. Schipper, N. Kaur, and T. Geoghegan. Policy and Institutions in Adaptation to Climate Change: Case study on flood mitigation infrastructure in India and Nepal - Working Paper 2013/4. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.581.

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Das, P. J., H. K. Bhuyan, N. S. Pradhan, V. R. Khadgi, L. Schipper, N. Kaur, and T. Geoghegan. Policy and Institutions in Adaptation to Climate Change: Case study on flood mitigation infrastructure in India and Nepal - Working Paper 2013/4. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.581.

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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Alvaro Rojas-Ferreira, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arce Mojica, Preeti Koirala, Patrick Sanady, et al. Climate and disaster risk analytics tool for adaptive social protection. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wnsg2302.

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Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) as discussed in this report is an approach to enhance the well-being of communities at risk. As an integrated approach, ASP builds on the interface of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Social Protection (SP) to address interconnected risks by building resilience, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditionally sectoral approaches. The design of meaningful ASP measures needs to be informed by specific information on risk, risk drivers and impacts on communities at risk. In contrast, a limited understanding of risk and its drivers can potentially lead to maladaptation practices. Therefore, multidimensional risk assessments are vital for the successful implementation of ASP. Although many sectoral tools to assess risks exist, available integrated risk assessment methods across sectors are still inadequate in the context of ASP, presenting an important research and implementation gap. ASP is now gaining international momentum, making the timely development of a comprehensive risk analytics tool even more important, including in Indonesia, where nationwide implementation of ASP is currently under way. OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, this study explores the feasibility of a climate and disaster risk analytics tool for ASP (CADRAT-ASP), combining sectoral risk assessment in the context of ASP with a more comprehensive risk analytics approach. Risk analytics improve the understanding of risks by locating and quantifying the potential impacts of disasters. For example, the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) framework quantifies probable current and expected future impacts of extreme events and determines the monetary cost and benefits of specific risk management and adaptation measures. Using the ECA framework, this report examines the viability and practicality of applying a quantitative risk analytics approach for non-financial and non-tangible assets that were identified as central to ASP. This quantitative approach helps to identify cost-effective interventions to support risk-informed decision making for ASP. Therefore, we used Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, as a case study, to identify potential entry points and examples for the further development and application of such an approach. METHODS & RESULTS: The report presents an analysis of central risks and related impacts on communities in the context of ASP. In addition, central social protection dimensions (SPD) necessary for the successful implementation of ASP and respective data needs from a theoretical perspective are identified. The application of the quantitative ECA framework is tested for tropical storms in the context of ASP, providing an operational perspective on technical feasibility. Finally, recommendations on further research for the potential application of a suitable ASP risk analytics tool in Indonesia are proposed. Results show that the ECA framework and its quantitative modelling platform CLIMADA successfully quantified the impact of tropical storms on four SPDs. These SPDs (income, access to health, access to education and mobility) were selected based on the results from the Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) conducted to support the development of an ASP roadmap for the Republic of Indonesia (UNU-EHS 2022, forthcoming). The SPDs were modelled using remote sensing, gridded data and available global indices. The results illustrate the value of the outcome to inform decision making and a better allocation of resources to deliver ASP to the case study area. RECOMMENDATIONS: This report highlights strong potential for the application of the ECA framework in the ASP context. The impact of extreme weather events on four social protection dimensions, ranging from access to health care and income to education and mobility, were successfully quantified. In addition, further developments of CADRAT-ASP can be envisaged to improve modelling results and uptake of this tool in ASP implementation. Recommendations are provided for four central themes: mainstreaming the CADRAT approach into ASP, data and information needs for the application of CADRAT-ASP, methodological advancements of the ECA framework to support ASP and use of CADRAT-ASP for improved resilience-building. Specific recommendations are given, including the integration of additional hazards, such as flood, drought or heatwaves, for a more comprehensive outlook on potential risks. This would provide a broader overview and allow for multi-hazard risk planning. In addition, high-resolution local data and stakeholder involvement can increase both ownership and the relevance of SPDs. Further recommendations include the development of a database and the inclusion of climate and socioeconomic scenarios in analyses.
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Kelly, Luke. Lessons on Disaster Resilience Pogramming in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.057.

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This rapid literature review finds that lessons drawn from disaster resilience programmes in Pakistan are focused on the best ways to co-ordinate between different resilience work in different sectors. This can be difficult because of the number of NGOs with different sectoral expertise, short time frames for intervention, and the differing capacities of levels of Pakistani government. More generally, although the benefits of linking disaster risk reduction (DRR) to climate change adaptation (CCA) and development work are advocated in many policies, the fact that they are often undertaken by different actors limits synergies. The report also finds that most DRR work is focused on reducing risk from hazards rather than social vulnerabilities. Pakistan is vulnerable to climate change and a range of natural disasters. Following the earthquake in 2005 and floods in 2010, the Pakistani government and international donors have sought to increase the country's resilience to natural hazards. This literature review focuses on disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts, as these constitute a significant portion of the resilience work in Pakistan. It first defines resilience, DRR and the related concept of CCA, as these all aim to improve resilience. It then surveys lessons learned in implementing resilience and DRR programmes in Pakistan. It focuses on lessons relating to sectoral focus, target populations, as well as strategic framework and operating models. It is mainly based on evaluations written by NGOs, UN bodies and international financial institutions. NGO reports are typically focused on specific programmes, although some point to broader features of the landscape for resilience programming in Pakistan. Academic papers charting the trends and issues in resilience programming have also been consulted.
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Enhancement of Basin-Wide Flood Analysis and Additional Simulations under Climate Change for Impact Assessment and MASAP Preparation Final Report. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajg66e.

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Local Demonstration Projects on Climate Change Adaptation: Final report of the first batch project in Lao PDR. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajgf3p.

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This report presents key activities and results of the first batch local demonstration project on climate change in Lao PDR. The project addressed a variety of adaptation options, including irrigation extension, flood-tolerant rice plantations, etc., in three villages of Champhone District: Kengkok Neua, Nakathang and Taleo.
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