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Academic literature on the topic 'Flocculation and Flotation'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flocculation and Flotation"

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Luna, Christine Lamenha, Carlos Edison Lopes, and Giulio Massarani. "Recovery of Bacillus sphaericus spores by flocculation/sedimentation and flotation." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, spe (June 2005): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132005000400008.

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The aim of this work was use flocculation/sedimentation and flotation for recovery of spores of the Bacillus sphaericus. Microorganism was produced batchwise using culture medium based skimmed milk, corn steep liquor and mineral salts. The best results of flocculation were obtained using CaCl2.2H2O, FeCl3.6H2O, Al2(SO4)3 and tannin as flocculating agents, with optimal flocculation concentrations of 1,500, 3,000, 2,000 and 1,700ppm, respectively. Flocculent suspensions were characterized based on floc diameter and density. Settling tests were performed in batch at different concentrations of the cellular suspensions and revealed high recovery of the solids in suspension in all cases. Flotation tests were accomplished using a mechanical agitated flotation cell and the process was favoured by the increase of the system agitation and for the presence of a cationic collector.
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Ødegaard, H. "Optimization of Flocculation/Flotation in Chemical Wastewater Treatment." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 7 (July 1, 1987): 1233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0020.

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An experimental investigation on flocculation/flotation for wastewater treatment was performed. It was demonstrated that flocculation units which are before flotation units in treatment trains must be designed and operated differently to those before sedimentation units. Recommendations regarding design criteria for both flocculation and flotation units are given.
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Ødegaard, Hallvard. "Optimization of flocculation/flotation in chemical wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 3-4 (February 1, 1995): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0518.

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An experimental investigation on flocculation/flotation for direct chemical treatment of municipal wastewater was carried out. It was demonstrated that flocculation units prior to flotation must be designed and operated differently to those used prior to sedimentation. Recommendations regarding design criteria both for the flocculation unit and the flotation unit are given.
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Sandbank, E., and G. Shelef. "Harvesting of Algae from High-Rate Ponds by Flocculation-Flotation." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0154.

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Microalgae grown in stabilization ponds and in high rate oxidation ponds (HROP) treating wastewater, were harvested by flocculation with aluminium sulfate and floated in a laboratory electro-flotation unit, where bubbles were produced electrolytically. It was shown that the higher the solids concentration, the lower is the air: solids ratio needed to achieve 90% algae removal. The simultaneous flocculation of suspended algae and release of bubbles while flocs grow, give equal suspended solids removal as the classical flush mixing flocculation followed by slow mixing-flotation stage. Air : solidsratios between 0.009 and 0.013 were sufficient for flocs flotation by dissolved air flotation (DAF) and electro flotation. Continuous flocculation-flotation in a DAF pilot plant unit showed that flush mixing can be replaced by injection of chemicals in-line provided a retention of 15 sec is given before the inflow to the flotation tank. Slow mixing could be eliminated altogether when bubbles were generated simultaneously with the flocculation stage. DAF was further simplified, replacing the air compressor used for pressuring air into water by a venturi suction at the under pressure side of the pump in the pressurised line. DAF in its simplified version is preferred for algae harvesting in fresh water algae cultures and in HROP systems, while it is recognized that electroflotation may be preferred in harvesting marine microalgae.
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Liao and Ou. "Flocs Properties and Flotation Performance of Fine Diaspore with Energy Input Pretreatment Induced Using Sodium Oleate." Minerals 9, no. 7 (July 14, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9070433.

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Energy input, an important factor affecting flocs properties and flotation performance, has rarely been studied in the field of diaspore flotation, which has severely limited our understanding of the flocculation flotation of fine diaspore. Therefore, in this study, the flocs properties and flotation performance of fine diaspore with energy input pretreatment were studied through flotation kinetics, flocs size measurements, and fractal dimension analysis. The results showed that the flocs size increased and the flocs structure became looser with the increasing energy input, while the flocs size decreased and the structure became compact when the energy input exceeded 10.93 kJ/m3. Meanwhile, there were significant differences in the flotation performance under different energy input pretreatment conditions, suggesting that the flotation performance of the fine diaspore was closely related with the flocs properties generated during the agitation process. In particular, the flotation performance was positively correlated with the flocculation degree of flocs, to a certain extent. The flocculation flotation of the fine diaspore benefited from a suitable energy input, and an excessive energy input was not conducive to flotation performance.
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Bunker, Donald Q., James K. Edzwald, Jan Dahlquist, and Lars Gillberg. "Pretreatment considerations for dissolved air flotation: water type, coagulants and flocculation." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 3-4 (February 1, 1995): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0517.

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Pretreatment considerations of coagulant selection, flocculation time and flocculation mixing intensity were studied for two different water supply types, aquatic humic and non-aquatic humic waters of low turbidity. Alum, ferric salts, and various polyaluminium chlorides (PACs) with different chemical properties were all effective in dissolved air flotation (DAF) when used under favorable conditions of dosage, pH, and flocculation time. A stoichiometry was found for the aluminium coagulants between coagulant dose and raw water DOC. Si and sulfate PACs were effective in treating cold waters with short flocculation times of 2.5 to 5 minutes. Flotation performance improved slightly with increasing flocculation mixing intensity. The results suggest that flocculation tanks be designed to produce strong, “pinpoint” size floc particles.
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Su, Zhenhua, Shujie Fan, Chen Gong, Jianping Ni, Yu Zhang, Bin Yang, Feng Peng, and Mohamed S. Mahmoud. "Incineration Properties and Kinetic Studies of Sludge from Old Newsprint Fiber Line." BioResources 17, no. 2 (April 18, 2022): 3095–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.2.3095-3106.

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The basic incineration properties of flotation deinking sludge and two kinds of flocculating sludge from old newsprint fiber line were studied. Coats-Redfern was used for incineration process analysis, and based on the kinetic parameters of the three types of studied sludge at a heating rate of 10 °C·min-1, the reaction orders were confirmed in the organic incineration region. The activation energy of the three sludge types were 38.78, 44.59, and 48.11 kJ·mol-1, and their frequency factors were 2.58 E+07 min-1, 3.19 E+06 min-1, and 1.50 E+06 min-1, respectively. Organics incineration in the flocculation sludge was more difficult than the incineration of the deinking sludge; as the flocculate dosage increased, the incineration difficulty increased. However, the amount of flocculating sludge generated from the flocculation treatment of the deinking white water accounted for less than 10% of the flotation deinking sludge, and their elemental content and calorific value related to combustion were also similar to each other; therefore, it could be predicted that the flocculating sludge would not greatly impact the sludge treatment system. Therefore, it could be incorporated into existing sludge incineration systems for reduction and thermal energy recovery.
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Su, Xing Guo, Yan Jun Li, Jie Liu, Hong Qian Yuan, Ze Honɡ Wanɡ, and Xiao Ge Xu. "Shear Flocculation and Flotation of Hematite." Advanced Materials Research 158 (November 2010): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.158.224.

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Sodium alkylsulfonate as collector was used to float hematite by shear flocculation flotation. The effect of the particle size, pulp pH, depressor, shearing strength and shearing time on shear flocculation flotation for hematite was investigated. And the main mechanism of shear flocculation flotation for hematite was analysed and studied by means of interface double layer theory, DLVO and EDLVO theory, shear flocculation theory and basic principles of collision theory. The results show that on the condition of collector usage 4 kg/t, pH of pulp 3, grinding fineness(-0.037mm) 90%, conditioning time 2min, shearing strength 2000r/min and shearing time 7min, the higher iron recovery of 92.4% is obtained. And induced hydrophobic hematite is formed by means of sodium alkylsulfonate and then collision probability of fine hematite is increased to make hydrophobic particles overcome potential barrier and form hydrophobic flocs by direct contact under stirring intensively.
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Stewart, Graham. "Yeast Flocculation—Sedimentation and Flotation." Fermentation 4, no. 2 (April 16, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation4020028.

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da Rosa, Jailton J., and Jorge Rubio. "The FF (flocculation–flotation) process." Minerals Engineering 18, no. 7 (June 2005): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2004.10.010.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flocculation and Flotation"

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Correa, de Araujo Armando. "Starch modification of the flocculation and flotation of apatite." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28657.

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Although the technical literature contains abundant references on applications of starch in mineral processing, the majority is not concerned with phosphate mineral systems. Nevertheless, the interaction between starch and apatite surfaces is relevant to both selective flocculation and flotation of phosphate ores. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate in detail such interaction in order to provide a more clear understanding on the behaviour of apatite/starch systems. Considerable research effort was dedicated to a thorough characterization of the starch samples used, especially in those aspects most pertinent to the application of starches as flocculants and depressants. Presence of ionic impurities in the starch samples tested was identified by infrared spectroscopy and microelectrophoresis. These impurities (proteins, carboxylic groups and, possibly, phosphate esters)were found to play an important role in the mechanisms governing the interaction of starch macromolecules and mineral surfaces. In a first stage of this research, the interaction between aqueous solutions of starches (and starch fractions - amylose and amylopectin) with calcium ionic species and surfactants (flotation collectors) was investigated. Depression of solution electrical conductivity, experienced in Ca-starch systems, was indicative of chemical reactions taking place (complexation). For surfactants, evidence for their interaction with starch fractions was obtained by UV-Vis. spectroscopy. The spectra of starch/surfactant solutions in the presence of iodine were altered indicating the substitution of iodine species by surfactant molecules at the helical sites of starch macromolecules. The next step involved the study of the adsorption of starch onto both apatite and silica mineral surfaces. Preliminary tests pointed out that a much stronger interaction took place in the case of apatite. Starch adsorption isotherms obtained for fluorapatite and quartz confirmed the preferential adsorption of starch onto the phosphate mineral surface. Both amylose and amylopectin were strongly adsorbed on fluorapatite but the latter polymer displayed the largest extent of interaction on a weight per area basis. The shape of the adsorption isotherms for the two starch fractions on fluorapatite also corroborates the idea of a stronger interaction by amylopectin. In turn, whole starches displayed adsorption isotherms resembling more closely that obtained for amylopectin. Adsorption of starches on fluorapatite was increased considerably in the presence of Ca ionic species. In the absence of externally added Ca ionic species, the amount of Ca released by the mineral surface was dependent upon the amount of starch adsorbed. These two phenomena can be interpreted as indicating the importance of Ca sites and presence of Ca species for the adsorption of starches, hence justifying the preferential adsorption displayed for apatite. Adsorption of starch on quartz surfaces was also enhanced in the presence of Ca ionic species, once more confirming the important role played by calcium on the adsorption of starches. Flocculation studies were also conducted with fluorapatite, kaolinite and quartz suspensions in the presence of different starches. Under the conditions tested, all starches samples failed to promote aggregation of the two non Ca-bearing minerals. In turn, fluorapatite suspensions were flocculated rather strongly by all starches. Maximum flocculation of fluorapatite was achieved at partial polymer coverage conditions. With one exception (amylose), increasing the concentration of the polymers above an optimum level, generated partial re-stabilization of the suspensions, probably via a steric effect. All starches depressed both anionic and cationic flotation of fluorapatite. Amylose was the least effective depressant among all starches, especially for the cationic flotation system. The depressant action was a function of pH and of the relative amounts of polymer and surfactant. Alkaline pH favoured depression, whereas as the collector level was increased, the depressant action was diminished and eventually eliminated. The experimental evidence gathered in the present research supports a chemical mechanism for the interaction between starch and apatite surfaces. Calcium plays a dominant role, and its importance for the adsorption of starches onto mineral surfaces is most probably related to the formation of complexes between starch impurity-related ionic groups and Ca ionic species. Hydrogen bonding and to lesser extent electrostatic forces are also important for the overall interaction between starch and apatite surfaces. The larger extent of interaction for the amylopectin fraction(highest molecular wt.) as compared to that of amylase (lowest molecular wt. fraction) gives support for the accessory role of hydrogen bonding.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate
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Vilinska, Annamaria. "Bacteria-sulfide mineral interactions with reference to flotation and flocculation." Licentiate thesis, Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1757/2007/68/.

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Vilinská, Annamária. "Microbial adhesion and surface modifications of sulphide minerals relevant to flotation and flocculation /." Luleå : Division of Extractive Metallurgy, Luleå University of Technology, 2009. http://pure.ltu.se/ws/fbspretrieve/3328441.

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Gabriel, Catarina Assunção. "Tratamento de águas residuais de uma indústria de biodiesel. Método combinado de coagulação, floculação e flotação por ar dissolvido." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3347.

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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of the treatment of waste water from purification of biodiesel following a combined method of coagulation, flocculation and air flotation. The effect was evaluated through the analysis of the following parameters: dose of coagulant, pH, dose and type of polymer and saturated water used. This experiment had three phases, the first consisted of the assessment of the quality of wastewater from a biodiesel plant, the second was the choice of a more efficient polymer for the removal of turbidity, and the third a verification of the efficiency of the treatment through the analysis of color removal. In the first model all the factors influenced the effectiveness of the treatment and it was observed that by fixing two factors, pH and saturated water, and varying the dose of coagulant and polymer, we would get a more efficient treatment. The removal of the turbidity reached 99.99%, the values of 21NTU, and in the color an average removal of 99,9% up to 141 NC. Thus, this treatment could be used for clarification of waste water, when followed by another treatment in order to allow further use, or discharge in natural streams.
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Beereddy, Dinesh Reddy. "Waste Water Treatment and Optimal Utilization for Irrigation and Biogas Production." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik (flyttat 20130630), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171842.

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This paper is about the studies carried out to analyze the feasibility of using an innovative treatment system in the primary treatment process for municipal waste water. Furthermore, experiments are conducted to analyze the optimal parameters for utilizing the treated waters for irrigation purposes and for biogas production from the recovered sludge. The work is carried on the incoming municipal wastewater from Hammarby locality with around 30,000 inhabitants. Chemicals used in this process are, a metal salt namely polymerized aluminum chloride (PAX XL36) and two flocculation chemicals namely, a high molecular weight polymer (HM) (SNF Nordfloc C-192) and a low molecular weight polymer (LM) (Purfix 120). The choice of these chemicals was based on the recommendations made by previous studies on flocculation chemicals. These chemicals aid in flock formation and the DAF unit which provides compressed air, aids in flock flotation. The study is focused on optimizing parameters which implies minimal usage of chemicals and aimed to attain maximum sludge production with best possible treated water quality. All the experiments have been carried out on a pilot scale unit, designed with required specifications and with the foresight to scale up into a large scale unit based on the results. These are obtained by performing a series of analysis specifically formulated for this study. In laboratory experiments were carried out to analyze COD (chemical oxygen demand), Ammonium, Nitrate, Total nitrogen and phosphorus using Dr. Lange cuvettes. As the prime focus is on reuse of the treated water for irrigation purpose and biogas production, all the parameters are modulated in accordance with the standard water quality prescriptions for the water to be used for irrigation. In accordance with the climatic conditions of the region, various parameters are modulated in such a way that in summers the outcome water quality is emphasized and maximization of sludge/organic matter is emphasized during winter season.
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Besson, Alexandre. "Etude multi-échelle de la récolte de Dunaliella salina - Développement d'un procédé d'autofloculation - flottation de microalgues." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAT0049/document.

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Il n’est pas constaté d’autofloculation naturelle dans les cultures hypersalines de D. salina. De plus, cette dernière ne flotte pas sans déstabilisation de la suspension. La floculation induite par augmentation du pH lors de l’ajout de soude a été choisie dans cette étude pour permettre la flottation. Des efficacités de récupération supérieures à 90% et des facteurs de concentration autour de 20 sont atteints. Un mécanisme d’autofloculation, avec précipitation de Mg(OH)2 est proposé pour expliquer la floculation par balayage de D. salina. L’influence du débit d’injection de soude ajoutée est aussi étudié pour anticiper les contraintes relatives à l’industrialisation du procédé. Ce débit n’a pas d’effet sur l’efficacité de récupération des algues et réduit le facteur de concentration seulement pour les injections abruptes.L’augmentation naturelle du pH de culture par l’intermédiaire de l’activité photosynthétique pourrait permettre de réduire le taux de base consommé. Les cellules non-récoltées restent en vie durant l’augmentation du pH et pourraient être utilisées comme inoculum d’une nouvelle culture
Natural autoflocculation was not observed in a Dunaliella salina hypersaline culture and the microalgae did not float without destabilization of the algal suspension. High-pH-induced flocculation by sodium hydroxide addition was chosen to induce flotation. Recovery efficiencies greater than 90% and concentration factors of around 20 were reached. An autoflocculation mechanism, with precipitation of magnesium hydroxide, is proposed to explain a sweeping flotation of D. salina cells. The influence of the flow rate of sodium hydroxide addition was also studied to anticipate the constraints related to the industrialization of this process. The flow rate of sodium hydroxide addition had no effect on the recovery efficiency and reduced the concentration factor only for abrupt injections. Natural increase of culture pH by photosynthetic activity could reduce the amount of base consumed. Non-harvested cells remained viable during pH increase and could be used as inoculum for a new culture
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Eraydin, Mert Kerem. "Scale-up of Using Novel Dewatering Aids." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27990.

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Coal preparation plants use large quantities of water for cleaning processes. Upon cleaning, the spent water must be removed such that the final product moisture level meets market constraints. However, removal of free water from the surface of fine particles is difficult and costly, and often the results are less than desirable. Fine particles inherently have very large surface areas, and hence retain large amounts of water. Increased amounts of fines also cause denser particle packing, which creates relatively small capillaries in filter cakes and, thus, cause slower dewatering kinetics. As a result, dewatering costs for fine particles are much higher than for dewatering coarse particles. Considering the technical and economic issues associated with dewatering coal and mineral fines, an extensive matrix of laboratory- and pilot-scale dewatering tests have been conducted to evaluate the use of novel dewatering aids. The reagents are designed to lower the surface tension of water, increase the hydrophobicity of the particles to be dewatered, and increase the capillary radius by hydrophobic coagulation. All of these are designed to lower the moisture of the filter cakes produced in mechanical dewatering processes. Laboratory-scale dewatering tests confirmed that using the novel dewatering aids can lower the final cake moisture of coal by 20-50%, while increasing the dewatering kinetics. Several on-site, pilot-scale tests were conducted to demonstrate that the process of using the novel dewatering aids can be scaled. Based on the laboratory- and pilot-scale tests conducted, a scale-up model for the process of using the novel dewatering aids has been developed. It can predict the final cake moistures as a function of vacuum pressure, filtration time and specific cake weight. The model can be useful for the scale-up of vacuum disc filters (VDF) and horizontal belt filters (HBF). Simulation results indicate that dewatering aids can be very effective, especially when used in conjunction with HBF due to its ability to control cake thickness and drying cycle time independently. In light of the promising laboratory- and pilot-scale test results, an industrial demonstration of the novel dewatering aids has been conducted at the Smith Branch impoundment site, which contains 2.9 million tons of recoverable coal. When the reagent was used for dewatering flotation products using a VDF, the moisture content was reduced from 26 to 20% at 0.5 lb/ton of reagent addition and to 17.5% at 1 lb/ton. The use of the dewatering aid also improved the kinetics of dewatering, increased the throughput, and reduced the power consumption of vacuum pumps by 30%. The novel dewatering aids were also tested successfully for dewatering of kaolin clays. In this case, the mineral was treated with a cationic surfactant before adding the dewatering aids. This two-step hydrophobization process was able to reduce the cake moisture and also increase the throughput.
Ph. D.
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Sartori, Luci. "Influência do uso de polímeros sintéticos no desempenho da flotação por ar dissolvido aplicada no tratamento de água para abastecimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-12092016-105327/.

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O uso de polímeros sintéticos como auxiliares de floculação no tratamento de águas para abastecimento é uma prática que vem sendo bastante estimulada. Contudo o uso na floculação visando a flotação de águas para abastecimento tem sido pouco estudado. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os resultados de estudo da influência da aplicação de polímeros sintéticos como auxiliares de floculação na clarificação, por flotação, de água preparada com cor elevada (100 ± 9,0 uC) e baixa turbidez (6,80 ± 1,0 uT). Foram investigados três diferentes tipos de polímeros (catiônico, aniônico e não iônico), aplicados conjuntamente ao coagulante primário (sulfato de alumínio). Após a otimização da dosagem deste coagulante (40 mg/L), sem emprego de polímeros, foi estudado o desempenho da flotação diante a redução da dosagem de coagulante conjugado à aplicação de diferentes dosagens de polímeros. Também foram investigadas a influência do tempo decorrido após a mistura rápida para a adição do polímero, e do tempo e gradiente médio de velocidade na floculação para a flotação. Foram utilizadas duas unidades de flotação por ar dissolvido, uma em escala de laboratório (Flotateste) e outra em escala piloto (com escoamento contínuo). Após a adequação dos parâmetros de floculação, os ensaios obtidos com o flotateste mostraram que a aplicação de 0,25 mg/L de polímero não iônico permitiu a redução de 50% na dosagem de coagulante, sem queda significativa na eficiência de remoção de cor e turbidez (96% e 93% respectivamente). Por sua vez, o polímero catiônico, na dosagem de 0,25 mg/L, possibilitou redução de 70% na dosagem de sulfato de alumínio, com eficiência de remoção de cor e turbidez de 90%. A instalação piloto de flotação operando com TASap de 262 m3/m2d, e aplicação de polímeros, nas condições otimizadas com o flotateste, foi capaz de fornecer bons resultados de remoção de cor aparente (82% e cor no efluente de 18,6 uC) e de turbidez (80% com turbidez de 1,40 uT no efluente). Nos ensaios com a unidade piloto de flotação operando com TASap de 525 m3/m2d, com redução de 70% na dosagem de coagulante (aplicação de 0,25 mg/L de polímero catiônico), observou-se redução de até 79% na massa de Iodo gerada.
The usage of synthetic polymers as flocculation aids for the treatment of supply water is a practice which have been widely stimulated, however its usage in flocculation aiming supply water flocculation has been scarcely studied. This work presents the results of the study of the influence of synthetic polymer application as a flocculation aids for clarifying prepared water containing high levei of color (100 ± 9.0 CU) and low turbidity (6.80 ± 1.0 NTU) through flotation. Three different kinds of polymers were investigated - cationic, anionic and non-ionic - which were applied together with the primary cogulant (aluminium sulphate). After the optimization of this coagulant dosage (40 mg/L), without the utilization of polymers, it was studied the flotation performance by the reduction of the coagulant dosage together with the application of different polymer dosages. It was also studied the influence of the time after rapid mixing for the polymer addition, and of time and average velocity gradient and flotation. Two units of dissolved air flotation were used, a bench unit and a pilot plant unit (with continuous flow). After the flocculation parameters adequacy, the essays obtained with FLOTATESTE showed that the application of 0.5 mg/L of non-ionic polymer allowed a reduction of 50% on coagulant dosage, without meningful drops of the color and turbidity removal efficient (96% and 93% respectively). On the other hand, the cationic polymer, at 0.25 mg/L, enabled a 70% reduction on the aluminium sulphate dosage with color and turbidity removal efficiency of 90%. The plant flotation unit, operating under a flow rate of 262 m3/m2d and with polymer application, under conditions optimized by FLOTATESTE, was able to provide good results of colour removal (82% and effluent color of 18.6 CU) and turbicity removal (83% with turbicity of 1.23 NTU in the effluent). In the essays with the pilot plant flotation unit, operating under a flow rate of 525 m3/m2d after reduction of 70% on the coagulant dosage (application of 0,25 mg/L of cationic polymer) , an up to 79% reduction in mass of sludge generated was observed.
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Paz, Júnior Gilberto José da [UNESP]. "Uso de floculador hidráulico de manta de lodo acoplado a flotador por ar dissolvido no tratamento de água de abastecimento." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98069.

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Novas tecnologias para o tratamento de água vêem sendo desenvolvidas e suas combinações podem apresentar bons resultados principalmente quando submetidas a variações sazonais de origem natural e antropicas. A crescente poluição dos corpos d’água causa florescimentos de algas e cianobactérias nos mananciais, com aparecimento de sabor e odor na água bruta, podendo ocorrer também a liberação de toxinas pelas cianobactérias. Os processos de tratamento de água convencionais têm apresentado deficiências quanto à remoção de cianobactérias e cianotoxinas, principalmente quanto ao aspecto de remoção das células viáveis e na capacidade de remover as toxinas extracelulares. As cianobactérias retidas no lodo dos decantadores representam riscos à qualidade final da água tratada. O presente projeto de pesquisa consistiu em experiência com floco-decantador de manta de lodo acoplado a flotador por ar dissolvido, formando um conjunto composto pelos dois tipos de equipamentos ou tecnologias e ainda com dispositivo limitador de manta. O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho da instalação proposta quando submetida a variações da qualidade da água bruta, principalmente quando submetido à sobrecarga de algas e cianobactérias, simulando possíveis florações nos mananciais. Os resultados dos ensaios no modulo experimental com água natural apresentaram remoção satisfatória de turbidez , com valores abaixo de 3,0 uT da água floco-floto-decantada e em torno de 0,1 uT da água filtrada. Os ensaios realizados com água natural com presença elevada de algas e cianobactérias, evidenciaram a importância da unidade de flotação, com remoção de clorofila_a de 82% na água decantada/flotada e próximo de 99% na água filtrada, em relação à água bruta, sendo que a turbidez manteve-se abaixo de 3 uT na saída do modulo floco-floto-decantador e a turbidez...
New technologies for water treatment have been developed and their combinations can produce good results especially when subjected to seasonal variations of natural and anthropogenic. The increasing pollution of water bodies causes blooms of algae and cyanobacteria in water sources, with the appearance of taste and odor in raw water, but may also occur the release of toxins by cyanobacteria. The processes of conventional water treatment have shown deficiencies in the removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, especially on the aspect of removal of viable cells and the ability to remove extracellular toxins. Cyanobacteria retained in the sludge of the sedimentation tanks pose to the final quality of treated water. This research project was to experiment with floc-settling sludge blanket coupled to dissolved air flotation, forming a group composed of two types of equipment or technology, and with relief device blanket. The research aimed to evaluate the performance of the proposed development when subjected to variations in raw water quality, especially when subjected to the overload of algae and cyanobacteria to simulate possible blooms in the springs. The results of tests on an experimental module with natural water showed satisfactory removal of turbidity, with values below 3 uT decanted and around 0,1 uT filtered water. Tests conducted with water with high presence of algae and cyanobacteria, have highlighted the importance of unity flotation Chlorophyll “a” with removal of 82% in the decanted water / rappel and around 99% in filtered water compared to raw water, and the turbidity remained below 3 uT the output of modulo-flake-floto sedimentation and turbidity of filtered water was below 0,6 uT. The limiting device of the ground and periodic removal of sludge, decreased the retention time of the cells retained in the sludge which may have prevented the release of toxins into the water... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Filho, Paulo Luiz Centurione. "Desenvolvimento e operação de uma instalação de flotação de bancada para águas de abastecimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-06122016-104835/.

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Tendo em vista a potencialidade da remoção de algas utilizando a flotação por ar dissolvido, foi proposto o desenvolvimento de um equipamento de laboratório de fácil operação e manutenção, denominado Floteste, integrando as características geométricas do equipamento Jarteste neste trabalho. Foram realizados ensaios, utilizando água sintética contendo algas da ordem de 108 ind/L e natural proveniente de curso d\'água eutrofizado, possibilitando o aprimoramento do estudo das condições de coagulação, mistura rápida, floculação e flotação. Também, ensaios de flotação seguida de filtração em areia foram feitos visando melhorar a qualidade da água flotada. O jarro do Floteste possui placa de orifícios que proporciona perda de carga suficiente para a distribuição uniforme de água saturada pela seção quadrada do mesmo. Concluiu-se que, principalmente, que a dosagem de coagulante e o respectivo pH de coagulação, tempo e gradiente de velocidade médio de mistura rápida, tempo e gradiente de velocidade médio de floculação, tempo e pressão de saturação e a quantidade de ar fornecido exercem influência significativa na remoção de algas, turbidez, cor verdadeira e do número de partículas nos dois tipos de águas estudadas.
Due to the potentiality of the algae removal by dissolved air flotation, it was proposed the development of an equipment in laboratory scale of easy operation and maintenance, dominated Floteste, integrating the geometric characteristics of the Jarteste equipment in this work. Tests were carried out with synthetic water containing a high concentration of algae (~108 ind/L) and natural water from and eutrophicated source. Besides several improvements in the equipment developed in this study, the rapid mixing can be considered the most important, followed by flocculation and flotation. Also, flotation and sand filtration tests were performed to simulate the floto-filtration technology. The Flotateste vessel have a perforated plate that provides enough loss of load in order to uniform the distribution of saturated water in the bottom. It was concluded, mainly, that the coagulant dose and the pH of coagulation, time and velocity gradient of rapid mixing, time and velocity gradient of flocculation, time and saturation pressure chamber and the amount of air supplied played a significant role in the removal of algae, turbidity, true color and of the number of particles in the two types of water studied.
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Books on the topic "Flocculation and Flotation"

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Dippenaar, Andre. Shear flocculation of fines for improved flotation. Randburg, South Africa: Mintek (Mineral and Process Chemistry Division), printed and published by The Council for Mineral Technology, 1985.

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Miller, J. D. Improved phosphate flotation with nonionic polymers: Final report. Bartow, Fla: Florida Institute of Phosphate Research, 2001.

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J, Ralston, Miller Jan D, Rubio Jorge, and Flotation and Flocculation : from Fundamentals to Applications (2002 : Kailua-Kona, Hawaii)Metallurgy) ;, eds. Flotation and flocculation: From fundamentals to applications. 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flocculation and Flotation"

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Xin, Tan, and Xu Kuangdi. "Shear-Flocculation Flotation." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_568-1.

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Xin, Tan, and Xu Kuangdi. "Selective Flocculation Flotation." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_566-1.

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Gregory, John. "Flocculation of Fine Particles." In Innovations in Flotation Technology, 101–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2658-8_4.

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Subrahmanyam, T. V., Zhongxi Sun, K. S. Eric Forssberg, and Willis Forsling. "Shear Flocculation and Flotation of Galena and Synthetic PbS." In Advances in Fine Particles Processing, 269–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7959-1_22.

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Peng, Yaoli, Long Liang, and Wencheng Xia. "Coal flotation improvement through hydrophobic flocculation induced by polyethylene oxide." In XVIII International Coal Preparation Congress, 1003–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40943-6_157.

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Dahlquist, Jan, J. K. Edzwald, J. E. Tobiason, T. Hedberg, T. Amato, and M. Valade. "High Rate Flocculation, Flotation and Filtration in Potable Water Treatment." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment IV, 201–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61196-4_17.

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Liu, Guiqing, Bangsheng Zhang, Zhonglin Dong, Fan Zhang, Fang Wang, Tao Jiang, and Bin Xu. "Comprehensive Recovery of Elemental Sulfur and Sulfide Minerals from Pressure Acid Leaching Residue of Zinc Sulfide Concentrate with an Integrated Flocculation Flotation-Hot Filtration Process." In Materials Processing Fundamentals 2023, 185–96. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22657-1_16.

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8

Bulatovic, Srdjan M. "Dispersion, Coagulation and Flocculation." In Handbook of Flotation Reagents, 215–33. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-044453029-5/50020-4.

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"Protein Skimming, Flotation, Coagulation and Flocculation." In Aquaculture Engineering, 66–98. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118496077.ch7.

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Fuerstenau, D. W., C. Li, and J. S. Hanson. "Shear flocculation and carrier flotation of fine hematite." In Production and Processing of Fine Particles, 329–35. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-036448-3.50039-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flocculation and Flotation"

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Cornelissen, A. "Neural networks as an aid to understanding flocculation/flotation/filtration process." In IEE Seminar Developments in Control Systems in the Water Industry. IEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20020308.

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Barsky, L. A., and Y. M. Timnat. "Clean Coal Slurries, Their Processing for Burning." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0884.

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Abstract Clean coal slurry is a possible alternative to liquid fuel. The mine problems in use of coal in engines (ash content and particles size) are solved via a novel slurry processing technique consisting in superfine grinding of the coal, selective separation of the coal particles and other inorganic ingredients, and finally combustion of the fine fraction coal in slurry droplets. An experimental rig for column flotation and selective flocculation has been built. A vibroinertial grinding facility reduces the coal particles to 40 microns or less. After addition of appropriate amounts of a suitable oil and water an emulsion flotation step produces coal-water slurry with ash content under 4%, which in turn coal under 20 microns in size with ash content 0.4% by film-flotation.
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Wang, Yuheng, Xiuyan Zhou, Shengguang Zhou, and Qishan Wang. "Analysis of the Impacts of Flocculation Modes and Coagulant Dose on Dissolved Air Flotation." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516161.

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4

Artemev, Alexandr. "FLOCCULATION OF FINE APATITE AIMED AT REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL WATER USE PROBLEMS IN MINERAL PROCESSING PLANTS." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/48.

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"Water treatment technologies involving pre-treated industrial effluents without transporting them to the tailing dump are of interest primarily from an environmental point of view, as they reduce the environmental burden. The paper studies the possibility of purification of process waters from apatite concentrate production from suspended particles and water-soluble impurities using polyacrylamide flocculants. By studying the processes of adsorption of H+ and OH- ions from aqueous solutions, the acid-base properties of the surface of the solid phase of the most polluted technological product - the drain of the apatite concentrate thickener - the mineral composition of which is 90% apatite have been studied. The influence of the reagents present in the processing technology on the quantitative ratio of acid-base centres on the apatite surface has been evaluated. It has been shown that the interaction of these reagents with the mineral creates prerequisites for a greater efficiency of the anionic flocculant. The electro-surface properties of apatite treated with various reagents were studied using the laser Doppler electrophoresis method. The mechanism of fixation of ions present in the dispersion medium on the surface of apatite was studied by infrared spectroscopy. In order to determine the conditions under which various flocculants are in the most ionized state, studies were conducted on the change in the viscosity of the polyelectrolyte solution at different pH values. The position of the isoionic point for samples of cationic and anionic flocculants in the presence of reagents used in the apatite flotation and dehydration of apatite concentrate was studied. A research has been carried out on ""model"" and real suspensions in circulating water for a number of cationic, anionic and nonionic flocculants. The kinetic and concentration dependences of the flocculating capacity of the studied reagents were determined, which confirmed the high efficiency of the anionic type reagents"
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Reports on the topic "Flocculation and Flotation"

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Somasundaran, P. Flotation and flocculation chemistry of coal and oxidized coals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6471008.

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Somasundaran, P., and R. Ramesh. Flotation and flocculation chemistry of coal and oxidized coals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5632118.

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Lalvani, S. Coal flotation and flocculation in the presence of humic acids. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6991451.

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Somasundaran, P. Flotation and flocculation chemistry of coal and oxidized coals: Quarterly report, 15 December 1988--15 March 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6353709.

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Lalvani, Shashi B. Coal flotation and flocculation in the presence of humic acids: Fianl report, January 1--December 31, 1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6177647.

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Author, Not Given. Flotation and flocculation chemistry of coal and oxidized coals. Quarterly report, September 15, 1989-December 14, 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5113248.

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